Weakening-free PVC (polyvinyl chloride) automotive interior leather and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of automotive interiors. The weakening-free PVC automobile interior leather is composed of a surface layer, a surface layer, a foaming layer, a bonding layer and a polyester lining which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode. The gram weight of the bonding layer is 160-190 g / m < 2 >, and the bonding layer is obtained by curing and molding bonding layer slurry; the bonding layer slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with the polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of a plasticizer and 1-5 parts of a stabilizer; at least part of the bonding layer is cured in the polyester lining, and the tensile strength of the polyester lining is smaller than or equal to 100 N / cm. According to the invention, the weakening-free blasting requirements of the PVC automotive interior leather at normal temperature, low temperature and high temperature can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather and its preparation method, belong to automotive interior technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Interior is a very important component of automobile, usually need to withstand high and low temperature change, humidity change, even ultraviolet radiation and so on, therefore, higher requirements are put forward to weather resistance. Some special parts, such as instrument panel, also put forward higher requirements to safety.

[0003] In order to respond to the changes of the above requirements, the manufacturing process of interior leather is constantly upgrading, forming high-end technology such as laser weakening process. Laser weakening process acts on the surface of leather by high-energy laser beam in the form of fixed frequency pulse, so that the material at the focal point rapidly absorbs laser energy and vaporizes, forming a series of small holes that penetrate or do not penetrate, which can meet the requirements of surface appearance and integrity after processing, and can preferentially break when the part with safety airbag is subjected to external impact, thereby meeting the safety requirements.

[0004] Although laser weakening process has many advantages, the existence of weakening line affects the appearance and the processing cost is high, therefore, PVC interior leather is still developing towards weakening-free process. The existing research aims at the shortcoming of hard PVC texture, and expects to achieve weakening-free requirement by adjusting the addition amount of plasticizer (improve flexibility) and foaming agent (lightweight). But PVC automotive interior leather needs to meet the application needs from low temperature to high temperature complex environment, although adjusting the addition amount of plasticizer and foaming agent improves the weakening-free blasting performance to some extent, but there are still problems of unstable blasting, especially in high temperature (such as 85 DEG C) and low temperature (such as-30 DEG C) conditions, there are blasting difficulties (reflected in mechanical properties, unable to meet the requirements of low temperature tear strength ≤40N, high temperature peeling strength N ≥10N / cm), and the fragments splashing exceeds the standard (the total weight of splashing exceeds 2g and / or single splashing exceeds 0.5g) and so on. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application proposes a weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather and its preparation method to solve the above problems in the prior art, which can meet the weakening-free blasting requirements of PVC automotive interior leather from low temperature-35 DEG C to room temperature 23 DEG C and then to high temperature 85 DEG C, and the safety airbag can be successfully blasted under the above different temperature conditions.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application relates to a weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather, which is composed of a surface layer, a surface layer, a foaming layer, an adhesive layer and a polyester lining fabric arranged in sequence.

[0007] The grammage of the adhesive layer is 160-190 g / m 2, obtained by curing and molding the adhesive layer slurry; in parts by weight, the adhesive layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, and 1-5 parts of stabilizer;

[0008] At least a portion of the adhesive layer is solidified in the polyester lining, and the tensile strength of the polyester lining is ≤100 N / cm.

[0009] The inventors' research has found that the weight of the adhesive layer, the plasticizer content in the adhesive layer, and the bonding between the adhesive layer and the lining all have an impact on the weakening-free blasting:

[0010] Regarding the weight of the bonding layer, increasing the weight to a certain extent can significantly improve the peel strength and reduce the blasting and splashing, but too high a weight can also cause the product to become thicker, harder, and have lower elongation.

[0011] As for plasticizers, the more plasticizers there are, the softer the product is and the better it feels in daily use. Correspondingly, the effective PVC paste resin content that improves peel strength is reduced, and the peel strength of the next layer and the tear strength of the lining are smaller. Although the smaller tear strength makes it easier to explode, the reduction in peel strength is not conducive to explosion under the set explosion conditions;

[0012] If the slurry of the next layer penetrates into the lining, it can reduce the tear strength of the lining and reduce the elongation of the lining, making it easier to explode; but too low an elongation can easily cause problems such as the airbag not being able to open normally and excessive fragments flying;

[0013] It is difficult to successfully achieve non-weakening blasting by adjusting a single or partial factor. Only the organic combination of the above three factors can achieve the non-weakening blasting requirements of stable blasting under set conditions with as little blasting splashes as possible.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the above-mentioned weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather, comprising the following steps:

[0015] First, place the surface layer on the release paper, and then place the foaming layer on the surface layer; then press 160-190g / m 2 The adhesive layer slurry is applied on the foaming layer with a coating amount of 10 ...

[0016] Tear off the release paper and set a surface layer on the surface to obtain the weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0018] The present application achieves the requirements of non-weak PVC automobile interior leather in the temperature range from low temperature-35℃ to normal temperature 23℃ to high temperature 85℃, and the airbag can successfully explode under these temperature conditions, the total weight of splashes is ≤2g, and the single splash is ≤0.5g, by adjusting the grammage of the adhesive layer, the content of the plasticizer in the adhesive layer, and the combination of the adhesive layer and the lining. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The experimental methods not specified in the examples are carried out according to the conventional methods and conditions.

[0020] The process of preparing the non-weak PVC automobile interior leather according to the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0021] S1, the surface layer slurry, the foaming layer slurry and the adhesive layer slurry are respectively poured into the corresponding troughs of the PVC coating machine; the surface layer is first formed on the release paper, then the foaming layer slurry is coated on the surface layer, and the foaming layer is formed by solidification; then the adhesive layer slurry is coated on the foaming layer, and then the polyester lining with a tensile strength ≤100N / cm is attached to the adhesive layer slurry, and the semi-finished product is obtained by solidification and molding.

[0022] S2, the release paper is torn off, and the surface layer slurry is coated on the surface layer of the semi-finished product using a two-roll printing machine coating table, and the surface layer is formed by solidification to obtain the non-weak PVC automobile interior leather.

[0023] S3, the required texture and shape of the non-weak PVC automobile interior leather are given by embossing or vacuum suction texture process to meet the needs of different customers.

[0024] For the preparation of the surface layer: by weight, the surface layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; the coating amount of the surface layer slurry is 300-350g / m 2 , and the coating temperature is 160-200℃.

[0025] For the preparation of the foaming layer: by weight, the foaming layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of stabilizer and 1-3 parts of foaming agent; the coating amount of the foaming layer slurry is 250-300g / m 2 , and the coating temperature is 160-180℃.

[0026] For the preparation of the adhesive layer: by weight, the adhesive layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; the coating amount of the adhesive layer slurry is 160-190g / m 2The coating temperature is 160-200℃.

[0027] For the surface layer preparation: the surface layer slurry includes 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of defoaming agent and 1-2 parts of leveling agent by weight, the prepared surface layer can give the PVC artificial leather excellent wear resistance, light resistance and other properties; the coating temperature of the surface layer slurry is 90-160℃.

[0028] The weight represented by each part in the surface layer slurry, the surface layer slurry, the foaming layer slurry and the bonding layer slurry is consistent.

[0029] Preferably, the tensile strength of the polyester lining is 60-100 N / cm.

[0030] For some specific embodiments, the plasticizer is an ortho-phthalic plasticizer with low volatility. Preferably, the plasticizer is a linear ortho-phthalic plasticizer, and the condensate weight is ≤0.5 mg according to the requirements of DIN 75201B.

[0031] For some specific embodiments, the stabilizer is selected from at least one of metal soaps, calcium zinc, organic tin, epoxides and rare earth stabilizers, which can improve the heat resistance of the PVC automotive interior leather.

[0032] For some specific embodiments, the foaming agent is a physical foaming agent, such as acrylic microspheres.

[0033] For some specific embodiments, the polyurethane main agent is a polycarbonate polyurethane or a polyester polyurethane, the bridging agent is isocyanate, the defoaming agent is mineral oil, and the leveling agent is a siloxane leveling agent.

[0034] For some specific embodiments, the content of PVC paste resin, plasticizer and stabilizer in each layer (excluding the surface layer and the lining) is consistent, so as to obtain consistent hand feeling and physical properties.

[0035] For some specific embodiments, the polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the bonding layer is higher than that in the surface layer, and the polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the surface layer is higher than that in the PVC foaming layer. The low polymerization degree of the foaming layer basically does not affect the wear resistance physical properties of the material, which can ensure that the bonding layer and the lining have good bonding performance, and the slightly higher polymerization degree of the surface layer relative to the foaming layer can ensure that the finished product has good wear resistance.

[0036] The products in the following examples and comparative examples are subjected to heat resistance, light resistance, tensile, tear and peeling tests, and the test standards, methods and requirements are as follows:

[0037] The heat resistance test is 110℃×500h, and the ash standard is ≥4 levels.

[0038] Light resistance test refers to DIN EN ISO 105-B06, 1240 KJ, grey scale ≥ 4 levels;

[0039] Tensile test refers to ISO 8256:2004, type 3;

[0040] Tear test refers to GB / T 16578.1;

[0041] Peeling test refers to GB / T 8808, method B.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This example relates to a non-weakening PVC automotive interior leather, the preparation process is as follows:

[0044] Preparation of the surface layer: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1200, 90 parts of plasticizer phthalate, and 4 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed uniformly to prepare the surface layer slurry; the surface layer slurry is added to a PVC coating machine, and the surface layer slurry is coated onto release paper at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 300 g / m 2 at 190°C, and then cured and formed to obtain the surface layer;

[0045] Preparation of the foaming layer: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 950, 90 parts of plasticizer phthalate, 4 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer, and 1 part of foaming agent acrylic microspheres are mixed uniformly to prepare the foaming layer slurry; the foaming layer slurry is added to a PVC coating machine, and the foaming layer slurry is coated onto the surface layer at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 250 g / m 2 at 180°C, and then cured and formed to obtain the foaming layer;

[0046] Preparation of the bonding layer: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1500, 90 parts of plasticizer phthalate, and 4 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed uniformly to prepare the bonding layer slurry; the bonding layer slurry is added to a PVC coating machine, and the bonding layer slurry is coated onto the foaming layer at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 160 g / m 2 at 190°C, and then cured and formed to obtain the semi-finished product;

[0047] Preparation of the surface treatment layer slurry: 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 4 parts of bridging agent isocyanate, 1 part of defoaming agent mineral oil, and 1 part of leveling agent polysiloxane are mixed uniformly to prepare the surface treatment layer slurry; the surface treatment layer slurry is coated at a coating speed of 20 m / min and a coating amount of 20 g / m 2The surface layer slurry is coated on the surface layer at a coating amount of 160-190 g / m

[0048] The weight represented by each part in the surface layer slurry, the surface layer slurry, the foaming layer slurry and the bonding layer slurry is consistent.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the coating amount of the bonding layer is 190 g / m 2 .

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the polyester lining type is B type, and the tensile strength is 100 N / cm.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the coating amount of the bonding layer is 130 g / m 2 .

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the bonding layer is hot-pressed with the lining after being completely dried.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] Compared with Example 1, the difference of the present example is that the content of the plasticizer in the surface layer, the bonding layer and the foaming layer is 100 parts by weight.

[0059] The products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Test item Index requirement Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Heat resistance ≥ 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks Light resistance ≥ 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks 4 ranks Elongation under load, N / 5 cm ≥20 30 20 25 40 45 36 Tensile strength at normal temperature, N / cm ≤80 60 75 80 50 45 77 Tensile strength at high temperature, N / cm ≤80 55 65 73 40 35 74 Tensile strength at low temperature, N / cm ≤100 80 90 98 70 60 85 Tear strength at normal temperature, N ≤20 18 15 20 30 35 15 Tear strength at high temperature, N ≤20 12 10 14 25 30 10 Tear strength at low temperature, N ≤40 35 30 38 38 40 31 Peel at normal temperature, N / cm ≥15 35 45 40 25 15 33 Peel at high temperature, N / cm ≥10 20 25 25 15 8 15 Peel at low temperature, N / cm ≥15 55 65 50 40 20 50 Total weight of splashes, g ≤2 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.02 3 2.5 Single splashes, g ≤0.5 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.25 0.8 0.8 Airbag opening state Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Not opened Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction Normally opened, 12 o'clock direction

[0061] According to the above table, compared with the coating amount of 130 g / m 2 of the general PVC interior leather, the coating amount of the bonding layer slurry in the present application is obviously improved, reaching 160-190 g / m 2At the coating amount, the product peeling strength is obviously enhanced, and the splashing content is obviously reduced when blasting; when the plasticizer content is too high, although it is beneficial to reduce the tearing strength, but at the same time, the peeling strength also appears to be reduced, which is not conducive to the blasting under the condition of high temperature 85℃, and reaching the indexes of total weight of splashing≤2g, single splashing≤0.5g; in addition, compared with the prior art, the lining cloth range that can be selected by the present application is wider, and the tensile strength can be up to 100N / cm, even if the lining cloth with high tensile is invaded by the adhesive layer, the tensile and elongation performance can also be effectively improved, so that the PVC interior leather can meet the requirements of weakening blasting in a wider temperature range.

[0062] It should be emphasized that: the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application still belongs to the scope of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. A weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather, characterized in that: It consists of a surface layer, a surface layer, a foaming layer, an adhesive layer and a polyester lining which are stacked in sequence; The weight of the bonding layer is 160-190 g / m 2 , obtained by curing and molding the adhesive layer slurry; in parts by weight, the adhesive layer slurry includes 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; At least a portion of the adhesive layer is solidified in the polyester lining, and the tensile strength of the polyester lining is ≤100 N / cm.

2. The weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In parts by weight, the surface layer comprises 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 900 to 1250, 80 to 90 parts of plasticizer, and 1 to 5 parts of stabilizer; In parts by weight, the foaming layer comprises 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of stabilizer, and 1-3 parts of foaming agent; In parts by weight, the surface layer includes 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of defoaming agent, and 1-2 parts of leveling agent.

3. The weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contents of PVC paste resin, plasticizer and stabilizer in the surface layer, foaming layer and adhesive layer are consistent.

4. The weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the adhesive layer is greater than that of the PVC paste resin in the surface layer, and the polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the surface layer is greater than that of the PVC paste resin in the PVC foaming layer.

5. The weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile strength of the polyester lining is 60-100 N / cm.

6. A method for preparing weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, place the surface layer on the release paper, and then place the foam layer on the surface; then press 160-190g / m 2 The coating amount of the adhesive layer slurry is applied on the foaming layer; then a polyester lining with a tensile strength of ≤100N / cm is attached to the adhesive layer slurry, and then solidified into shape; The adhesive layer slurry comprises, by weight: 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 1500-1800, 80-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of stabilizer; Tear off the release paper and set a surface layer on the surface to obtain the weakening-free PVC automotive interior leather.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that In parts by weight, the surface layer comprises 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a degree of polymerization of 900 to 1250, 80 to 90 parts of plasticizer, and 1 to 5 parts of stabilizer; In parts by weight, the foaming layer comprises 100 parts of PVC paste resin with a polymerization degree of 900-1250, 80-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of stabilizer, and 1-3 parts of foaming agent; In parts by weight, the surface layer includes 100 parts of polyurethane main agent, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of defoaming agent, and 1-2 parts of leveling agent.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the adhesive layer is greater than that of the PVC paste resin in the surface layer, and the polymerization degree of the PVC paste resin in the surface layer is greater than that of the PVC paste resin in the PVC foaming layer.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The coating amount of the surface slurry is 300-350g / m 2 The coating amount of the foaming layer slurry is 250-300g / m 2 .

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The coating temperature of the surface layer is 160-200°C, the coating temperature of the foaming layer is 160-180°C, the coating temperature of the adhesive layer is 160-200°C, and the coating temperature of the surface layer is 90-160°C.