Driving device adopting stator-free motor

Abstract

A driving device adopting a stator-free motor comprises a shell, the stator-free motor and speed reducers, the stator-free motor is arranged in the middle of the shell, the stator-free motor is a contra-rotating double-rotor motor, each rotor is connected with the speed reducer, and power is output outwards through the speed reducers; the shell is an axle shell or a box shell. By means of respective characteristics of gear transmission and chain wheel transmission, two outputs with opposite rotating directions of the stator-free motor are changed into two outputs with the same natural differential rotating direction, and a hub is driven through a half shaft. In addition, a simple jaw electromagnetic clutch is connected with the left half shaft and the right half shaft to form an electromagnetic differential lock, so that single-side slipping on ice and snow pavements and muddy pavements is prevented. Due to the fact that the stator-free motor with high power density is used, and the speed reducer is used for increasing torque, compared with a traditional electric differential driving device composed of a stator motor and a mechanical differential mechanism adopting a planetary gear, the electric differential driving device is larger in driving force, lighter in weight and lower in manufacturing cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of transportation, and particularly relates to a driving device adopting a non-stator motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known that, due to the different rotating radii of the wheels on the inner and outer sides of the vehicle when turning, the wheels on the inner and outer sides will travel different lengths of paths, so that differential is needed to prevent the wheels from sliding and rubbing. The traditional differential is a mechanical mechanism composed of planetary gears, which divides the rotating power from the engine into two paths, and the output rotating speeds of the two paths are independent of each other and freely rotate, but the sum of the rotating speeds of the two sides is always in a fixed proportion to the input rotating speed. The current mainstream single motor driven electric differential drive axle is similar to CN223085751U, which uses a traditional mechanical differential to distribute the motor power to two half shafts to drive the wheels on the two sides. There are also wheel edge motor forms similar to CN222713245U, which use double motors to independently drive the wheels on the two sides. The non-stator motor is also called a double-rotor motor, which means that it has no stator, and is completely different from the single-stator double-rotor motor and the double-stator double-rotor motor. The basic structure and working principle of the non-stator motor have been invented and proposed for vehicle driving applications for a long time, but due to some specific problems that have not been solved, it has not become a reality, and CN88106750.4 and CN102427289A have been voluntarily abandoned for further examination due to lack of novelty. CN108274989A and CN208118930U also propose a differential drive scheme using a non-stator double-rotor motor, but some of these technical solutions are too simple to solve the complex problems encountered in actual operation, and some have complex structures and high production costs, which cannot reduce the cost of the electric differential drive axle and make it difficult to popularize and apply. For example, the non-stator motor must use a conductive slip ring, so the collector ring and brush included in the conductive slip ring will inevitably wear out during operation. If these problems cannot be well solved, the non-stator motor will not be able to stand in today's era of widespread brushless motors. For example, the two output shafts of the non-stator motor rotate in opposite directions, and the differential drive used for the axle must adjust the directions of the two sides to be the same. If a simple and practical solution cannot be found, the product will lose its competitiveness due to the cost disadvantage. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a driving device adopting a non-stator motor to solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: The utility model provides a kind of drive device using statorless motor, including shell, statorless motor and speed reducer, statorless motor is arranged in the middle of shell, statorless motor is double rotor motor of counter-rotating, each rotor is connected with speed reducer, and power is outputted to outside by speed reducer;Shell is bridge shell or box shell.

[0005] Further, when the shell is a bridge shell, it further includes hubs and half shafts, two hubs are arranged on both sides of the bridge shell, and the statorless motor is arranged in the middle of the bridge shell;Two half shafts connect the hubs on both sides and the speed reducers through the splines at their two ends respectively.

[0006] Further, the statorless motor includes a first rotor and a second rotor, the output shaft of the first rotor is connected to the first speed reducer, and the output end of the second rotor is connected to the second speed reducer.

[0007] Further, the first speed reducer includes a pinion and a gear, the output shaft of the first rotor is provided with the pinion, the gear is arranged at one end of one half shaft, and the pinion and the gear are engaged.

[0008] Further, the second speed reducer includes a small sprocket, a large sprocket and a chain, the output shaft of the second rotor is provided with the small sprocket, the large sprocket is arranged on the other half shaft, and the small sprocket and the large sprocket are connected by the chain.

[0009] Further, a clutch is arranged between the gear and the large sprocket, and the clutch is connected to an electromagnetic coil.

[0010] Further, when the shell is a box shell, it further includes eddy current dampers and universal joints, the statorless motor is arranged in the middle of the box shell, and the two output ends of the statorless motor are sequentially connected to the universal joints and transmission rods respectively;The eddy current dampers are arranged between the two universal joints.

[0011] Further, the statorless motor includes a first rotor and a second rotor, the output shaft of the first rotor is connected to the first speed reducer, and the output end of the second rotor is connected to the second speed reducer.

[0012] Further, the first speed reducer includes a pinion and a gear, the output shaft of the first rotor is provided with the pinion, the gear is arranged at one end of one half shaft, and the pinion and the gear are engaged;The second speed reducer includes a small sprocket, a large sprocket and a chain, the output shaft of the second rotor is provided with the small sprocket, the large sprocket is arranged on the other half shaft, and the small sprocket and the large sprocket are connected by the chain.

[0013] Further, the first rotor of the non-stator motor contains a first iron core and an armature winding, and the second rotor contains a second iron core and a metal squirrel cage or magnetic steel; the non-stator motor further contains a set of conductive slip rings, at least one group of which is connected with large-current brushes and a current collector ring of the motor winding lead-out wire; the current collector ring of the conductive slip ring is made of high-conductivity, anti-oxidation and wear-resistant metal, and the brush is made of a porous copper framework infiltrated with low-melting alloy liquid metal; the conductive slip ring adopts the structure that the current collector ring is outside and the brush is inside, and the surface of the current collector ring is full of liquid metal.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects: The application discloses a differential drive device driven by a non-stator motor. The non-stator motor has the advantages of high power density and natural differential, so that the weight of the automobile drive device can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the problem of no power output on the other side when single side slipping is solved by introducing a damper. The two opposite output directions of the non-stator motor are changed into the same output directions by gear transmission and chain wheel transmission, and the output is driven by a half shaft and a hub. In addition, an electromagnetic differential lock is formed by connecting the left and right half shafts through a simple toothed electromagnetic clutch, so that single side slipping on an icy road or a muddy road is prevented. Since the non-stator motor with high power density is used, and the reducer is used to increase the torque, compared with the electric differential drive device formed by the traditional mechanical differential device with the stator motor and the planetary gear, the electric differential drive device has the advantages of larger driving force, lighter weight and lower manufacturing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The application discloses a differential drive device driven by a non-stator motor.

[0016] Figure 2 The application discloses a differential drive device driven by a non-stator motor.

[0017] Figure 3 The application discloses a differential drive device driven by a non-stator motor.

[0018] In the figure, 1 is a hub, 2 is an axle housing, 3 is a half shaft, 4 is a non-stator motor, 5 is a first rotor, 6 is a second rotor, 7 is a conductive slip ring, 8 is a small gear, 9 is a large gear, 10 is a small chain wheel, 11 is a large chain wheel, 12 is a chain, 13 is a brake pad, 14 is a brake caliper, 15 is a fastener, 16 is a spoke, 17 is a rim, 18 is a damper, 19 is an induction cylinder, 20 is a magnetic pole, 21 is a universal joint, 22 is a transmission rod, 27 is a clutch, and 28 is an electromagnetic coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The application is further described below in combination with the drawings: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3A drive device with a non-stator motor, comprising a wheel hub 1, an axle housing 2, a half axle 3, a non-stator motor 4 and a speed reducer, two wheel hubs 1 are arranged on both sides of the axle housing 2, the non-stator motor 4 is arranged in the middle of the axle housing 2, the non-stator motor 4 comprises a first rotor 5 and a second rotor 6, the output shaft of the first rotor 5 is provided with a pinion 8, the output shaft of the second rotor 6 is provided with a small chain wheel 10, the speed reducer comprises the pinion 8, the small chain wheel 10 and a large gear 9 and a large chain wheel 11 arranged on both sides of the middle of the axle housing 2 and a chain 12, and the two half axles 3 are connected with the large gear 9 and the large chain wheel 11 of the wheel hubs 1 on both sides through the splines at both ends thereof.

[0020] A drive device with a non-stator motor, comprising a box housing 23, a non-stator motor 4, a speed reducer, a eddy current damper 18 and a universal joint 21, the non-stator motor 4 is arranged in the middle of the box housing 23, the non-stator motor 4 comprises a first rotor 5 and a second rotor 6, the output shaft of the first rotor 5 is provided with a pinion 8, the output shaft of the second rotor 6 is provided with a small chain wheel 10, the speed reducer comprises the pinion 8, the small chain wheel 10 and a large gear 9 and a large chain wheel 11 arranged on both sides of the middle of the box housing 23 and a chain 12, and the two universal joints 21 arranged on both sides of the box housing 23 are connected with the large gear 9 and the large chain wheel 11 in the drive device box housing 23.

[0021] The speed ratio of the pinion 8 and the large gear 9 is equal to the tooth number ratio of the small chain wheel 10 and the large chain wheel 11.

[0022] The first rotor 5 of the non-stator motor contains a first iron core and an armature winding, and the second rotor 6 contains a second iron core and a metal squirrel cage or a magnetic steel.

[0023] The shell of the motor 4 of the non-stator motor is filled with an appropriate amount of fluorinated liquid for evaporation cooling.

[0024] The non-stator motor further comprises a set of conductive slip rings 7, at least one set of large-current brushes and collector rings connected to the motor winding lead-out wires.

[0025] The non-stator motor adopts a non-stator DC motor type with a position sensor and without a commutator, and in addition to the set of large-current brushes and collector rings connected to the motor winding lead-out wires, the conductive slip ring 7 comprises a set of weak-signal conductive slip rings connected to the position sensor on the rotor with the armature winding.

[0026] The collector ring of the conductive slip ring 7 adopts a high-conductivity, oxidation-resistant and wear-resistant metal, and the brush adopts a porous copper framework infiltrated with a low-melting-point alloy liquid metal brush.

[0027] The conductive slip ring 7 adopts a structure with the collector ring on the outside and the brush on the inside, and the surface of the collector ring is filled with liquid metal.

[0028] The damper 11 adopts an electromagnetic flow damper with fixed coils or a hydraulic coupler.

[0029] A clutch 27 is provided between the large gear and the large sprocket.

[0030] The motor driver is set on the first rotor 5, a 2-pole conductive slip ring or two independent single-pole conductive slip rings are used to provide power for the driver, and the position sensor is also installed on the first core of the first rotor 5. The driver can communicate with the vehicle control computer through two power lines or through near-field wireless communication.

[0031] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3A kind of differential drive axle driven by non-stator motor, comprising wheel hub 1, axle housing 2, half shaft 3, asynchronous induction non-stator motor 4 and speed reducer, for the sake of simple and clear expression, all bearings in the figure are only simple symbols and not specially mentioned.Two wheel hubs 1 are arranged on both sides of axle housing 2, non-stator motor 4 is arranged in the middle of axle housing 2, non-stator motor 4 comprises first rotor 5 and second rotor 6, first rotor 5 contains first iron core and armature winding, second rotor 6 comprises second iron core and metal cage, the output shaft of first rotor 5 is provided with pinion 8 and sprocket 10, speed reducer comprises pinion 8, sprocket 10 and large gear 9 and large sprocket 11 arranged on both sides of the middle of axle housing and chain 12, two half shafts 3 are connected with large gear 9 and large sprocket 11 of both sides of wheel hub 1 through the spline of both ends respectively.When the motor works, equal and opposite direction torque is generated between first rotor 5 and second rotor 6, first rotor 5 drives left wheel hub through left half shaft after speed reduction and torque increase of pinion 8 and large gear 9;Second rotor 6 drives right wheel hub through right half shaft after speed reduction and torque increase of small sprocket 10, chain 12 and large sprocket 11;The speed ratio of pinion 8 and large gear 9 is equal to that of small sprocket 10 and large sprocket 11.Due to the non-mechanical constraint between the two counter-rotating rotors of non-stator motor, the rotors can rotate relatively freely, thereby naturally forming differential transmission.Using this scheme can meet the driving requirements of general vehicles, and the structure is simple, the performance is reliable and the manufacturing cost is low compared with the existing electric differential drive axle.Increasing the speed of the motor can greatly improve the power density of the motor, but at the same time a larger speed reducer with larger reduction ratio is needed, and using only one-stage gear transmission and one-stage chain reduction may result in too large size of the speed reducer, at this time one-stage gear reduction can be added on the basis of the existing speed reducer.Non-stator motor can also be selected from various types such as permanent magnet non-commutator DC motor and switched reluctance motor to adapt to changes in raw material market and requirements for motor performance.Both rotors of non-stator motor rotate during work, and heat dissipation is difficult, in order to solve the problem of heat dissipation, a proper amount of fluorinated liquid (such as electronic fluorinated liquid 3095HFE with boiling point of 98℃) for evaporation cooling can be filled in the motor housing, part of the rotor is immersed in the fluorinated liquid, and the heat of the rotor is quickly transferred to the housing of the motor and dissipated to the air through the housing of the motor and axle housing 2.To prevent single side slip which can cause loss of driving force of vehicle, a dog clutch electromagnetic clutch 27 can be added between large gear and large sprocket as differential lock, when single side slip may occur, press the differential lock switch to energize the electromagnetic coil 28, make the two moving plates of dog clutch electromagnetic clutch 27 bite each other, thereby making the two half shafts rotate at the same speed to drive the two wheel hubs.Friction electromagnetic clutch can also be used, when the control system detects the rotational speed difference of the two sides of the wheel hub is too high and one side of the rotational speed is very low, it is determined that one side is slipping, at this time the control system will automatically feed the electromagnetic clutch to make the two moving plates of the clutch rub each other, and let the high rotational speed side transmit part of the power to the low rotational speed side. When the friction torque of the clutch is large enough, the two half shafts will rotate at the same speed.

[0032] Example 2 See Figure 2A differential drive assembly with a non-stator motor, comprising a non-commutator DC non-stator motor 4, a reducer, a damper 18 and a universal joint 21, for the sake of simple and clear expression, all bearings in the figure are only simple symbols and not specially described. The non-stator motor 4 is arranged in the middle of the box shell 23, the non-stator motor 4 comprises a first rotor 5 and a second rotor 6, the first rotor 5 comprises a first iron core and an armature winding, the second rotor 6 comprises a second iron core and a magnetic steel, the output shaft of the first rotor 5 is provided with a pinion 8 and a small chain wheel 10, the reducer comprises the pinion 8, the small chain wheel 10 and the large gear 9 and the large chain wheel 11 arranged on both sides of the middle of the box shell 23 and the chain 12, the two universal joints 21 arranged on both sides of the box shell 23 are connected with the large gear 9 and the large chain wheel 11 in the box body of the driving device respectively. When the motor works, the external motor driver supplies power to the armature winding of the first rotor 5 through the conductive slip ring 7, so that the equal and opposite torques are generated between the first rotor 5 and the second rotor 6, the first rotor drives the left hub on the left half shaft through the pinion and the large gear after speed reduction and torque increase; the second rotor drives the right hub on the right half shaft through the small chain wheel, the chain and the large chain wheel after speed reduction and torque increase; the speed ratio of the pinion and the large gear is equal to the speed ratio of the small chain wheel and the large chain wheel; the rotation directions of the two external gear transmissions of the input and output are opposite, while the rotation directions of the chain wheel transmissions of the input and output are the same, so that the problem that the two rotors of the non-stator motor cannot directly drive the wheels on both sides because of the opposite rotation directions is solved. Because the two opposite rotors of the non-stator motor are not mechanically constrained and can rotate relatively freely, the differential transmission is naturally achieved. The scheme can meet the driving requirements of general passenger vehicles, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance and low manufacturing cost compared with the existing electric differential drive assembly. For the non-commutator DC non-stator motor (similar to the traditional permanent magnet DC brushless motor) used for vehicles, a sensor for detecting the relative position of the magnetic steel and the armature is generally arranged, so the conductive slip ring should use a multi-pole conductive slip ring containing three large currents and multiple signals, the multiple signals generally have 5 paths or 3 paths or 2 paths, the 5-path signal generally contains two power lines and three signal lines, and the 3-path or 2-path signal adopts serial communication or carrier communication to reduce the signal lines. In order to prevent unilateral slipping on the ice and snow road, a coaxial eddy current damper is arranged between the large gear and the large chain wheel, when unilateral slipping occurs, the speed of the unilateral side will be significantly increased, while the speed of the other side will be significantly reduced or even not rotated, so that a large speed difference appears between the large gear and the large chain wheel, the induction cylinder of the eddy current damper cuts the magnetic force lines emitted from the magnetic steel on the magnetic pole cylinder, forms eddy current and generates eddy current torque to prevent the relative rotation of the induction cylinder and the magnetic pole cylinder, so as to transmit part of the power of the high-speed side to the low-speed side and prevent slipping. In order to more effectively control the characteristics of the damper, an electromagnetic eddy current damper with fixed coils can be used.In order to reduce the cost and obtain specific effect, the vortex damper can also be replaced by a fluid coupling, which also has the function of transmitting small torque when the two shafts have low speed difference, and the torque increases rapidly with the increase of the speed difference. In order to reduce the cost, the differential lock mode described at the end of embodiment 1 can also be used, and the toothed electromagnetic clutch 27 or the manual toothed mechanical clutch is used.

[0033] The above is only the most typical specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The mechanical mechanisms and data listed in the examples are only for describing the working principle of the present application, and do not represent the necessary mechanisms and values. Any skilled person familiar with the fields of motor, machinery and new energy transportation can easily think of equivalent changes based on the same physical principles and ideas within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A drive device using a statorless motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing, a statorless motor (4) and a reducer, wherein the statorless motor (4) is arranged in the middle of the housing, and the statorless motor (4) is a counter-rotating double-rotor motor, each rotor of which is connected to a reducer, and power is output to the outside through the reducer; the housing is a bridge housing (2) or a box housing (23).

2. A driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the housing is a bridge housing (2), it also includes a wheel hub (1) and a half shaft (3), the two wheel hubs (1) are arranged on both sides of the bridge housing (2), and the statorless motor (4) is arranged in the middle of the bridge housing (2); the two half shafts (3) respectively connect the wheel hubs (1) on both sides and the reducer through splines at both ends.

3. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The statorless motor (4) comprises a first rotor (5) and a second rotor (6), wherein the output shaft of the first rotor (5) is connected to a first reducer, and the output end of the second rotor (6) is connected to a second reducer.

4. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first reducer comprises a small gear (8) and a large gear (9), the output shaft of the first rotor (5) is provided with the small gear (8), the large gear (9) is arranged at one end of a half shaft (3), and the small gear (8) and the large gear (9) are meshed.

5. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second reducer comprises a small sprocket (10), a large sprocket (11) and a chain (12); the output shaft of the second rotor (6) is provided with the small sprocket (10); the large sprocket (11) is arranged on the other half shaft (3); the small sprocket (10) and the large sprocket (11) are connected by the chain (12).

6. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A clutch (27) is provided between the large gear (9) and the large sprocket (11), and the clutch (27) is connected to an electromagnetic coil (28).

7. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the outer shell is a box shell (23), it also includes an eddy current damper (18) and a universal joint (21); the statorless motor (4) is arranged in the middle of the box shell (23); the two output ends of the statorless motor (4) are respectively connected to the universal joint (21) and the transmission rod (22) in sequence; and the eddy current damper (18) is arranged between the two universal joints (21).

8. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The statorless motor (4) comprises a first rotor (5) and a second rotor (6), wherein the output shaft of the first rotor (5) is connected to a first reducer, and the output end of the second rotor (6) is connected to a second reducer.

9. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first reducer comprises a small gear (8) and a large gear (9), the output shaft of the first rotor (5) is provided with the small gear (8), the large gear (9) is arranged at one end of a universal joint (21), and the small gear (8) and the large gear (9) are meshed; the second reducer comprises a small sprocket (10), a large sprocket (11) and a chain (12), the output shaft of the second rotor (6) is provided with the small sprocket (10), the large sprocket (11) is arranged on another universal joint (21), and the small sprocket (10) and the large sprocket (11) are connected by a chain (12).

10. The driving device using a statorless motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first rotor (5) of the statorless motor contains a first iron core and an armature winding, and the second rotor (6) contains a second iron core and a metal cage or a magnetic steel; the statorless motor further comprises a set of conductive slip rings (7), wherein at least one set of high-current brushes and collector rings connected to the motor winding lead wires are provided; the collector rings of the conductive slip rings (7) are made of highly conductive, anti-oxidation and wear-resistant metal, and the brushes are made of porous copper skeletons infiltrated with low-melting-point alloy liquid metal brushes; the conductive slip rings (7) are arranged with the collector rings on the outside and the brushes on the inside, and the surface of the collector rings is filled with liquid metal.

Images