Preparation method of ferment bacterial fertilizer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of organic fertilizers, and discloses a preparation method of an enzyme bacterial fertilizer, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, preparing enzyme fermentation liquor from waste fruits; s2, carrying out secondary propagation on the enzyme fermentation liquor, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a liquid fertilizer and solid coarse residues; s3, the liquid fertilizer is subjected to standing, precipitation and separation, and a clear liquid leaf fertilizer and a colloidal drip irrigation fertilizer are obtained; s4, adding agricultural wastes rich in organic matters into the solid coarse residues, and performing aerobic fermentation to obtain the enzyme bacterial fertilizer; according to the method, short-time rapid preparation of the enzyme bacterial fertilizer is achieved, the problem that the waste fruit treatment speed is limited due to the long treatment period is solved, various raw materials of the enzyme bacterial fertilizer are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the preparation cost input of the enzyme bacterial fertilizer is effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a preparation method of enzyme microbial fertilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of fruit production, harvesting, storage, circulation and consumption, a large amount of discarded fruits that cannot continue to be sold as commodities are generated. These discarded fruits may be discarded due to disease and insect pests, mechanical damage, maturity that is too high or too low, appearance that does not meet market standards, etc.

[0003] The large amount of discarded fruits not only causes great waste of resources, but also may have negative effects on the environment and public health, such as attracting fruit flies and other pests, accelerating the growth of microorganisms, leading to environmental damage and health problems. In addition, the accumulation of discarded fruits may occupy valuable land resources, affecting the cleanliness and beauty of the city.

[0004] Therefore, the processing, processing and utilization of discarded fruits have become an inevitable way to eliminate pollution and realize resource utilization.

[0005] In the Chinese invention patent with patent application number 202311543397.4, a composite fermentation agent for producing liquid enzyme fertilizer by fermenting fruit and vegetable waste is proposed. The main problem of this patent is that the preparation time of enzyme fertilizer is very long, and the long processing period limits the processing speed and utilization of discarded fruits. Moreover, the amount of glycogen used is relatively large, and the purchase price is relatively high, resulting in a very large preparation cost of enzyme fertilizer. SUMMARY

[0006] The main technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a preparation method of enzyme microbial fertilizer, which realizes the short-time and rapid preparation of enzyme microbial fertilizer, solves the problem of limiting the processing speed of discarded fruits due to the long processing period, and the various raw materials of enzyme microbial fertilizer are easy to obtain and the cost is low, effectively reducing the preparation cost of enzyme microbial fertilizer.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A preparation method of enzyme microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing enzyme fermentation liquor by using discarded fruits; S2, performing secondary expansion culture on the enzyme fermentation liquor and then performing solid-liquid separation to obtain liquid fertilizer and solid crude slag; S3, performing static precipitation separation on the liquid fertilizer to obtain foliar fertilizer in clear liquid form and drip irrigation fertilizer in gel form; S4, adding agricultural waste rich in organic matter to the solid crude slag and performing aerobic fermentation to obtain enzyme microbial fertilizer.

[0008] The application further optimizes the above technical solution as follows: The specific steps of preparing the enzyme fermentation liquor in step S1 are as follows: S101, collecting fresh waste fruits as raw materials of the enzyme fermentation liquor, and crushing and pulping the raw materials to obtain thick pulp raw materials; S102, adding a probiotic group to the thick pulp raw materials and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation medium; S103, adding matured waste grains to the fermentation medium and performing fermentation culture to obtain an active fermentation medium; S104, adding fresh urine to the active fermentation medium and performing fermentation culture to obtain the enzyme fermentation liquor; S105, adding thick pulp animal and plant proteins to the enzyme fermentation liquor and performing solar fermentation culture and expansion.

[0009] The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: S201, mixing glycogen, enzyme fermentation liquor and water at a ratio of 1:2:7 to obtain a mixed fermentation liquor; S202, performing solar fermentation on the mixed fermentation liquor to obtain an amino acid expansion liquor; S203, crushing and pulping the amino acid expansion liquor, filtering and separating solid substances contained in the amino acid expansion liquor to obtain a liquid fertilizer and a solid residue.

[0010] The specific steps of step S4 are as follows: S401, adding agricultural waste rich in organic matter to the solid residue and uniformly mixing the solid residue to obtain a powder material; S402, performing aerobic fermentation on the powder material to obtain a caked enzyme microbial fertilizer; S403, crushing the caked enzyme microbial fertilizer to obtain a powder enzyme microbial fertilizer.

[0011] The probiotic group is an anaerobic-aerobic composite microbial group.

[0012] The anaerobic fermentation time of the thick pulp raw materials in the sealed container is 24h-72h.

[0013] The secondary expansion fermentation time of the matured waste grains in the fermentation medium is 24h-72h.

[0014] The solar fermentation time of the animal and plant proteins with the enzyme fermentation liquor is 24h-72h.

[0015] The application has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above technical solution: 1. In the technical solution adopted by the present invention, the fermentation treatment time of each step is relatively short, and the preparation and application of the enzyme fertilizer can be completed in a short time, thereby effectively shortening the treatment cycle of the waste fruit, thereby improving the treatment speed of the waste fruit, and the fermented fertilizer can be quickly utilized; and the entire preparation method is very simple and suitable for growers to prepare it themselves.

[0016] 2. The waste fruits, waste grains, urine and other raw materials used in the present invention are all wastes generated in the agricultural production and life process, and can therefore be obtained in large quantities at a low price, thereby effectively reducing the cost investment of enzyme fertilizer.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses mature waste grain as glycogen. Compared with brown sugar, the purchase cost of waste grain is extremely low, and inedible waste grain can be utilized, thereby reducing the purchase cost of raw materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] A method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1. Using discarded fruit to prepare enzyme fermentation liquid.

[0020] The specific steps of preparing the enzyme fermentation broth in step S1 are as follows: S101, collecting fresh discarded fruits as raw materials for enzyme fermentation liquid, and crushing and beating them to obtain a thick slurry raw material.

[0021] In this embodiment, the discarded fruits include fallen fruits in the orchard, rotten fruits caused by insect bites, inferior fruits with poor appearance, fruits that have passed their sell-by date or are left on fruit stalls and cannot be sold anymore, etc.

[0022] In this embodiment, the collected waste fruits are crushed and beaten into a thick pulp by a crusher using crushing equipment.

[0023] The present invention can centrally and quickly process and reuse a huge amount of waste fruits, which not only avoids the problem of bacteria breeding and affecting the ecological environment due to the random dumping of a large amount of waste fruits, but also saves the cost of processing the waste fruits.

[0024] Moreover, the biological fertilizer made from discarded fruits is returned to the land, which can increase the yield of crops planted in the land and thus increase economic benefits.

[0025] S102, adding probiotic flora to the thick slurry raw material and then performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation medium.

[0026] In this embodiment, the thick slurry raw material should be in a thick slurry state that can be pumped by a sludge pump. If the raw material is too thick, a small amount of water can be added to achieve the desired thick slurry state.

[0027] The anaerobic fermentation time of the thick slurry raw material in the sealed container is 24-72 hours.

[0028] In this embodiment, the thick slurry raw material can be stored for years after fermentation in a sealed container and used as needed.

[0029] In this embodiment, the probiotic flora uses an anaerobic-aerobic complex flora, which includes photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, etc.), Aspergillus, yeast, nitrifying bacteria, ammoniating bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, actinomycetes, etc.

[0030] Among them, photosynthetic bacteria account for 0.5%-1% of the total bacterial species, yeast accounts for 10%-20% of the total bacterial species, lactic acid bacteria accounts for 50%-70% of the total bacterial species, spore-forming bacteria accounts for 5%-15% of the total bacterial species, and other bacterial species such as Aspergillus, nitrifying bacteria, ammoniating bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and actinomycetes are supplemented according to 0.1%-5% of the total bacterial species.

[0031] S103, adding matured waste grains to the fermentation medium and performing fermentation culture to obtain a fermentation medium with activity.

[0032] The fermentation medium formed by fermentation of the thick slurry raw material and the probiotic flora does not have activity. When the medium needs activity, the glycogen (i.e., matured waste grains) is used to feed the bacterial species in the medium, so that the activity in the medium is activated to form a fermentation medium with activity.

[0033] In this embodiment, the waste grains can include moldy, worm-eaten, mouse-bitten old grains, and contaminated inedible grains or broken substandard grains.

[0034] In this embodiment, the matured waste grains can be cooked by steaming.

[0035] In this embodiment, during the process of steaming or cooking the waste grains, the starch contained therein will be gelatinized during heating, causing part of the starch chains to break and be converted into glucose.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fermentation time of the matured waste grains in the fermentation medium for secondary expansion fermentation is 24-72 hours.

[0037] After the secondary expansion fermentation, the microbial flora in the fermentation medium will be fully active, and the microbial flora in the fermentation medium has an activity of about 15 days, and will gradually weaken after 15 days.

[0038] Therefore, after the thick slurry raw material is mixed with the probiotic flora for fermentation for 72 hours, the addition of the matured waste grains has a good effect, and the addition of the matured waste grains is fermented for 72 hours to reach an active state.

[0039] S104, fresh urine is added to the fermentation medium with activity, and fermentation culture is carried out to obtain an enzyme fermentation liquor.

[0040] In this embodiment, fresh urine can be human, poultry and livestock urine.

[0041] In this embodiment, fresh human urine is the most preferred.

[0042] In this embodiment, the urine contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other essential nutrients for plants, which can provide sufficient nitrogen source for microorganisms.

[0043] In this embodiment, the ratio of waste fruits, matured waste and fresh urine is 1:1:2.

[0044] S105, the thick slurry of animal and plant proteins is added to the enzyme fermentation liquor, and solar fermentation culture and expansion are carried out.

[0045] In this embodiment, the time for solar fermentation of animal and plant proteins with enzyme fermentation liquor is 24-72 hours.

[0046] In this embodiment, animal and plant proteins can be raw kitchen waste such as rotten fish and shrimp, chicken intestines and fish stomach in restaurants, restaurants and other places.

[0047] In this embodiment, the enzyme fermentation liquor does not produce a foul smell during fermentation, no matter how much fish and shrimp and rotten kitchen waste are put in.

[0048] Therefore, the pollution of the surrounding environment caused by bacteria and microorganisms carried by the foul smell is effectively avoided.

[0049] S2, the enzyme fermentation liquor is subjected to secondary expansion and solid-liquid separation to obtain liquid fertilizer and solid residue.

[0050] The specific steps of the above step S2 are as follows: S201, the glycogen, enzyme fermentation liquor and water are mixed in a ratio of 1:2:7 to obtain a mixed fermentation liquor.

[0051] In this embodiment, the glycogen can be matured waste grains.

[0052] S202, the mixed fermentation liquor is subjected to solar fermentation to obtain an amino acid expanded culture liquor.

[0053] In this embodiment, the amino acid expanded culture liquor is dark red.

[0054] S203, the amino acid expanded culture liquor is crushed and ground into pulp, and then filtered to separate the solid substances contained in the amino acid expanded culture liquor, thereby obtaining a liquid fertilizer and a solid residue.

[0055] In this embodiment, a 100-mesh filter screen is used to separate the solid and liquid of the crushed amino acid expanded culture liquor.

[0056] S3, the liquid fertilizer is subjected to static sedimentation separation to obtain a foliar fertilizer in the form of clear liquid and a drip irrigation fertilizer in the form of gel.

[0057] In this embodiment, the liquid fertilizer will produce a sediment after a long period of static standing, and the suspended particles contained in the liquid fertilizer will gradually separate from the liquid and sink downward under the action of gravity, thereby realizing stratification.

[0058] Subsequently, the upper clear liquid can be pumped out as a foliar fertilizer and directly sprayed on the branches and leaves of crops, and the sediment in the form of gel at the bottom can be applied to the roots of crops.

[0059] S4, the solid residue is added with agricultural waste rich in organic matter, and subjected to aerobic fermentation to obtain an enzyme bacterial fertilizer.

[0060] The specific steps of the above step S4 are as follows: S401, the solid residue is added with agricultural waste rich in organic matter, and mixed and stirred to obtain a powdery material.

[0061] In this embodiment, the agricultural waste rich in organic matter can be composed of one or more of wood chips, wood powder, bran, rice husk, etc.

[0062] Taking wood chips and bran as an example, the wood chips contain rich organic matter such as sugars and proteins, and the bran contains rich organic matter such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which can be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms for aerobic fermentation.

[0063] In this embodiment, the solid residue is crushed during the mixing and stirring of the solid residue and the agricultural waste rich in organic matter, so that a powdery material can be finally obtained.

[0064] S402, the powdery material is subjected to aerobic fermentation to obtain a caked enzyme bacterial fertilizer.

[0065] In this embodiment, the fermentation of the powdered material is initially in an anaerobic and anaerobic combined fermentation state. As the fermentation progresses, the fermentation process gradually transforms into a pure aerobic fermentation state.

[0066] During the aerobic fermentation process, powdered materials can be converted into organic fertilizer such as enzyme fertilizer under the action of bacteria.

[0067] During the fermentation process, energy is released as organic matter in the powdered material is decomposed, and the fermentation process can be accelerated as the temperature rises.

[0068] S403, crushing the agglomerated enzyme fertilizer to obtain powdered enzyme fertilizer.

[0069] In this embodiment, the high temperature environment will accelerate the evaporation of water in the material, causing the enzyme fertilizer to clump during the fermentation process.

[0070] Moreover, enzyme fertilizer will grow mycelium after fermentation.

[0071] In the present invention, the waste fruits, waste grains, urine of humans, poultry and livestock used are all agricultural production wastes. Converting the above wastes into valuable waste resources not only solves the problem of agricultural waste disposal and saves the high cost of waste disposal, but also realizes the recycling of agricultural waste and achieves the sustainable development of agricultural resources.

[0072] Moreover, there is no need to purchase additional strains, organic acids and other raw materials, which solves the problem of high production costs of amino acid bio-fertilizers and increases economic benefits.

[0073] In the applicant's planting base, a comparative test was conducted on potato planting using the microbial fertilizer prepared by the present invention, the organic fertilizer currently used in the applicant's planting base, and the farmyard manure composted in a traditional way.

[0074] The results of the first trial (March 2023-June 2023) are as follows: Group Use of fertilizer type Potato variety Fertilizer amount (kg / mu) Fertilizer input cost (yuan) Yield per mu (kg) Experimental group The microbial fertilizer prepared by the application Holland 15 1000 1800 About 3725 Control group 1 Commercial organic fertilizer (Shimabu enzyme microbial fertilizer) Holland 15 2000 2400 About 3700 Control group 2 Rotted farmyard manure (chicken manure) Holland 15 4000 2800 About 3500 The results of the second trial (March 2024-June 2024) are as follows: Group Use of fertilizer type Potato variety Fertilizer amount (kg / mu) Fertilizer input cost (yuan) Yield per mu (kg) Experimental group The microbial fertilizer prepared by the application Holland 15 1000 1700 About 3695 Control group 1 Commercial organic fertilizer (Shimabu enzyme microbial fertilizer) Holland 15 2000 2500 About 3620 Control group 2 Rotted farmyard manure (chicken manure) Holland 15 4000 2700 About 3350 The results of the third trial (March 2025-June 2025) are as follows: Group Use of fertilizer type Potato variety Fertilizer amount (kg / mu) Fertilizer input cost (yuan) Yield per mu (kg) Experimental group The microbial fertilizer prepared by the application Holland 15 1000 1850 About 3840 Control group 1 Commercial organic fertilizer (Shimabu enzyme microbial fertilizer) Holland 15 2000 2673 About 3720 Control group 2 Rotted farmyard manure (chicken manure) Holland 15 4000 2930 About 3585 The test results show that the microbial fertilizer prepared in the present invention has the highest yield per mu (about 3840 kg).

[0075] Compared with the rotten farmyard manure, the microbial fertilizer prepared in the application has obvious yield increasing effect; compared with the commercial organic fertilizer, the microbial fertilizer prepared in the application has lower cost.

[0076] Therefore, the microbial fertilizer prepared in the application is suitable for large-scale planting, not only solves the reuse of agricultural waste, reduces the cost of crop planting, but also can greatly improve the yield of potato and other crops compared with the traditional organic fertilizer and farmyard manure.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to these embodiments. Since modifications, equivalents, replacements, and variations of these embodiments can be understood by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirits of the application, the scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing enzyme fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, preparing enzyme fermentation liquid using discarded fruit; S2, performing solid-liquid separation after secondary expansion of the enzyme fermentation broth to obtain liquid fertilizer and solid coarse residue; S3, allowing the liquid fertilizer to settle and separate to obtain a clear liquid foliage fertilizer and a gel-like drip irrigation fertilizer; S4. Adding agricultural waste rich in organic matter into the solid crude residue and performing aerobic fermentation to obtain enzyme fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The specific steps of preparing the enzyme fermentation broth in step S1 are as follows: S101, collecting fresh discarded fruit as a raw material for enzyme fermentation broth, and crushing and beating the fruit to obtain a thick slurry raw material; S102, adding probiotics to the concentrated slurry raw material and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation medium; S103, adding the matured waste grain to the fermentation medium and fermenting the waste grain to obtain an active fermentation medium; S104, adding fresh urine to the active fermentation medium and performing fermentation culture to obtain an enzyme fermentation liquid; S105. Add concentrated animal and plant proteins into the enzyme fermentation liquid, and perform sun-dried fermentation, culture, and propagation.

3. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: The specific steps of the above step S2 are as follows: S201, mixing glycogen, enzyme fermentation broth and water in a ratio of 1:2:7 to obtain a mixed fermentation broth; S202, subjecting the mixed fermentation liquid to sun-fermentation to obtain an amino acid expansion liquid; S203, grinding and refining the amino acid expansion liquid, and then filtering to separate the solid matter contained in the amino acid expansion liquid to obtain liquid fertilizer and solid coarse residue.

4. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein The specific steps of the above step S4 are as follows: S401, adding organic-rich agricultural waste to the solid coarse residue and mixing them evenly to obtain a powdery material; S402, aerobic fermentation is performed on the powdered material to obtain agglomerated enzyme fertilizer; S403, crushing the agglomerated enzyme fertilizer to obtain powdered enzyme fertilizer.

5. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein: The probiotic bacteria group adopts an anaerobic composite bacteria group.

6. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein: The anaerobic fermentation time of the thick slurry raw material in the sealed container is 24 hours to 72 hours.

7. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein: The time for secondary fermentation of the matured waste grain in the fermentation medium is 24h to 72h.

8. The method for preparing an enzyme fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein: The time for sun-fermenting the animal and plant proteins and the enzyme fermentation liquid is 24 hours to 72 hours.