Reducing metal supporting body structure for MS-SOEC and electrolytic tank prepared by adopting reducing metal supporting body structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a different-diameter metal supporting body structure for MS-SOEC and an electrolytic tank prepared through the different-diameter metal supporting body structure, and belongs to the field of fuel electrolytic tanks, the supporting body structure comprises a first supporting layer and a flow guide assembly, and the flow guide assembly and the first supporting layer are sequentially connected into a whole; a plurality of first gas through holes are formed in the first supporting layer, a plurality of flow guide gas through holes are formed in the flow guide assembly, the diameter of the first gas through holes is smaller than that of the flow guide gas through holes, and the first gas through holes are communicated with the flow guide gas through holes. The invention solves the problem that the metal support body used in the conventional metal support type solid oxide electrolytic tank cannot coordinate the tradeoff contradiction between the air permeability and the supporting property, and enhances the supporting property of the support body on the premise of meeting the air permeability required by the electrolytic tank during operation. The electrolytic tank can tolerate larger stress, the mechanical strength and the operation stability of the electrolytic tank are improved, and the service life of the electrolytic tank is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel electrolysis cells, in particular the field of solid oxide fuel electrolysis cells, and specifically to a metal support structure with different diameters for MS-SOEC and an electrolysis cell prepared using the same. More specifically, the present application provides a double-layer metal support structure with different diameters for a solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell and a solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell using the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] A solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell (SOEC) can directly convert electrical energy into chemical energy, realizing the functions of electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen or synthesis of alkane from carbon dioxide. This technology has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, low pollution emission, strong fuel adaptability, wide application field, good long-term operation stability, and no need for noble metal catalyst. SOEC is one of the most promising fuel electrolysis cells for efficient and environmentally friendly hydrogen production and carbon reduction, and is of great significance to the sustainable development of society. Among them, the electrolysis cell with metal as the support is called metal-supported solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell (MS-SOEC). MS-SOEC has the advantages of easy sealing, good mechanical properties, strong thermal shock resistance, high start-stop rate, more compact volume, and lower manufacturing cost.

[0003] MS-SOEC is usually composed of a connecting body, a metal support layer, and a PEN layer (anode electrode, electrolyte, and cathode electrode). A very thin PEN layer is coated on the metal support layer one by one, and the metal support layer can provide support and ventilation and electrical conduction for the PEN layer, as shown in Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1 The metal support is divided into two parts: an open hole domain and a solid domain. The open hole domain is a gas flow channel through which fuel can enter the PEN layer to participate in electrochemical reactions; the solid domain can support the ultra-thin PEN layer without breaking.

[0004] Currently, the manufacturing methods for metal supports for MS-SOEC are usually divided into two types: (1) using metal powder to sinter a porous metal structure, and (2) using laser to punch uniform circular holes on a metal plate. It is reported that CeresPower Company in the United Kingdom uses laser punching technology to prepare a stainless steel support with a thickness of 100-1000 um (reference [1]: AHMET S. Metal substrate for fuel cells [Z]. 2009.). The pore size of the porous region of the stainless steel support is about 30 um, and the interval is 200-300 um, as shown in Figure 2As shown. Plansee of Austria and FZJ of Germany used powder metallurgy to prepare the support. The alloy is a Fe-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened alloy with a porosity of about 45% of the volume and a thickness of about 1 mm (Reference [2]: FRANCO T, HAYDN M, WEBER A, et al. The status of metal-supported SOFC development and industrialization at plansee[J]. ECS Transactions, 2013, 57: 471-480. Reference [3]: HAYDN M, ORTNER K, FRANCO T, et al. Development of metal supported solid oxide fuel cells based on powder metallurgical manufacturing route[J]. Energy Materials, 2013, 8 (4): 382-387. Reference [4]: ​​UDOMSILP D, RECHBERGER J, NEUBAUER R, et al. Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells with exceptionally high power density for range extender systems[J]. Cell Reports Physical Science, 2020, 1(6): 100072.).

[0005] The following defects exist in the preparation of metal supports by sintering metal powders: (1) The sintering process is relatively complex and requires atmosphere protection, making it difficult to achieve automated production and resulting in low production efficiency; (2) Compared with the thin plate laser processing method for metal supports, the powder metallurgy method has a long sintering process, a more complex procedure, and a longer production cycle; (3) Due to the large number of control parameters in powder metallurgy, the distribution, size, and shape of the pores in the porous metal support are difficult to control.

[0006] The use of laser drilling to prepare metal supports has the following defects: there is a contradiction between support and permeability; small openings have strong support but poor air permeability; conversely, large openings have strong air permeability but reduced support performance.

[0007] How to improve the metal support has always been a technical problem that technicians urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The application aims at the problems of long sintering process, complex process, long production cycle, low production efficiency, and difficult control of the distribution, size and shape of the inner holes of the porous metal support body in the preparation of the metal support body by using metal powder sintering, and the contradiction between the supportability and the permeability in the preparation of the metal support body by using the laser punching method, and provides a double-layer metal support body structure with different diameters for MS-SOEC and an electrolytic cell prepared by using the same.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: A double-layer metal support body structure with different diameters for MS-SOEC, comprising a first support layer for being connected with a PEN layer, and a flow guide component, wherein the flow guide component and the first support layer are sequentially connected and integrated in the direction from the flow guide component to the PEN layer. A plurality of first gas through holes are arranged on the first support layer, a plurality of flow guide gas through holes are arranged on the flow guide component, the diameter of the first gas through hole is smaller than the diameter of the flow guide gas through hole, the first gas through hole and the flow guide gas through hole are in communication, and the gas flow can first pass through the flow guide gas through hole and then pass through the first gas through hole to contact the PEN layer.

[0010] In the direction of the central axis of the flow guide gas through hole, the projection of the first gas through hole is located inside the projection of the flow guide gas through hole.

[0011] The first support layer and the flow guide component are integrally formed. Or the first support layer and the flow guide component are connected by laser welding or electron beam welding.

[0012] The first support layer and the flow guide component are prepared by using the same material or different materials.

[0013] The first support layer and the flow guide component are prepared by using stainless steel materials.

[0014] The first support layer and the flow guide component are prepared by using ferritic stainless steel.

[0015] The first support layer and the flow guide component are prepared by using a metal plate as raw material, and the first gas through hole and the flow guide gas through hole are punched on the metal plate.

[0016] The thickness of the metal support body structure is 100-2000 microns.

[0017] The flow guide component is composed of N gas flow guide layers, N is a natural number and N is greater than or equal to 1. The gas flow guide layer is provided with a flow guide gas through hole. In the direction from the first support layer to the flow guide assembly, the gas flow guide layers are sequentially recorded as the 1st gas flow guide layer, the 2nd gas flow guide layer, …, the Nth gas flow guide layer; in the direction from the first support layer to the flow guide assembly, the flow guide gas through holes on the 1st gas flow guide layer are recorded as the 1st flow guide gas through hole, the flow guide gas through holes on the 2nd gas flow guide layer are recorded as the 2nd flow guide gas through hole, …, and the flow guide gas through holes on the Nth gas flow guide layer are recorded as the Nth flow guide gas through hole. M≥1, and M≤(N-1), the diameter of the (M+1)th flow guide gas through hole is greater than the diameter of the Mth flow guide gas through hole.

[0018] The diameters of the 1st flow guide gas through hole, the 2nd flow guide gas through hole, …, and the Nth flow guide gas through hole are sequentially increased.

[0019] Preferably, N is 1-3.

[0020] Preferably, N is 1, the metal support structure is composed of the first support layer and one gas flow guide layer, and the diameter of the flow guide gas through hole is greater than the diameter of the first gas through hole.

[0021] The diameter of the flow guide gas through hole is 2-10 times the diameter of the first gas through hole.

[0022] Application of the aforementioned double-layered metal support structure with different diameters.

[0023] The aforementioned double-layered metal support structure with different diameters is used in a metal support type solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell.

[0024] An electrolysis cell comprising a PEN layer and the aforementioned metal support structure, in which the flow guide assembly, the first support layer, and the PEN layer are sequentially connected as one body in the direction from the flow guide assembly to the PEN layer.

[0025] The electrolysis cell is a metal support type solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell.

[0026] To solve the aforementioned problems, the present application provides a metal support structure with different diameters for MS-SOEC and an electrolysis cell prepared by using the same. For simplicity of description, a double-layered metal support structure with different diameters made of ferrite stainless steel is taken as an example for illustration.

[0027] Due to the defects of powder metallurgy, the metal support is made by punching on a ferrite stainless steel substrate. In the prior art, the previous laser punching is to punch straight holes on a single-layer stainless steel substrate. In order to meet the support performance requirements, the holes are designed to be very dense, thereby increasing the mass of the ferrite stainless steel used, increasing the resistance of gas diffusion, and the flow resistance will cause poor air permeability, thereby increasing the concentration difference polarization, reducing the performance of the electrolysis cell, and increasing the thermal stress, affecting the performance and service life of the electrolysis cell.

[0028] In order to solve the problem that the metal support body in the prior art cannot coordinate the contradiction between supportability and air permeability, the application provides a double-layer metal support body structure with different diameters.

[0029] In the prior art, the metal support body made by laser punching is a single-layer single-aperture structure, while the metal support body made by laser punching in the application is a double-layer support body structure with different diameters, and the two metal sheets are integrated by laser welding or are integrally formed. The application improves the traditional single-layer stainless steel substrate to a double-layer integrated structure, and solves the contradiction between supportability and air permeability through layered design. Specifically, the different aperture distribution design refers to that the aperture of the first gas through hole is smaller than that of the flow guide gas through hole; the porosity increasing mechanism, that is, the double-layer superposition increases the space of the total porosity. Among them, the first support layer is provided with small-aperture straight-through holes (Φ10-30 um) to bear the PEN layer; the flow guide assembly is provided with large-aperture straight-through holes (Φ50-120 um) to improve the air permeability.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following differences: (1) the prior art adopts a single-layer metal support body structure, while the application adopts a double-layer heterogeneous composite structure; (2) the prior art adopts a single aperture (Φ30-50 um), while the application adopts a large aperture in contact with the flow channel side and a small aperture in contact with the PEN layer; (3) the porosity of the prior art single-layer metal support body structure is usually 35-45%, while the porosity of the application is 50-80%.

[0031] The double-layer metal support body structure with different diameters of the application can realize lightweight and air permeability enhancement under the premise of ensuring support strength. Among them, lightweight can save materials, reduce the cost of MS-SOEC, and improve the mass power density of MS-SOEC. Enhancing air permeability can strengthen the heat and mass transfer effect in the electrolytic cell, improve the electrical performance of the electrolytic cell, and uniform the temperature distribution of the electrolytic cell, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the electrolytic cell and prolonging the service life of the electrolytic cell.

[0032] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the application has the following advantages: (1) The application can increase air permeability while ensuring support performance, thereby enhancing the performance of the electrolytic cell; Compared with the single-layer single-diameter metal support, the application adopts the flow guide assembly and the double-layer structure of the first support layer, and cooperates with the double-layer different-diameter structure design of the flow guide gas through hole and the first gas through hole, so that a large number of flow guide gas through holes larger than the diameter of the first gas through hole are formed, and then the flow resistance of the fluid flowing through the metal support is smaller, so that the gas permeability of the metal support is improved, and finally more fuel gas can smoothly pass through the metal support into the PEN layer reaction; on the electrochemical performance of the electrolytic cell, the macroscopic performance is that the concentration polarization of the electrolytic cell is reduced, and the electrochemical performance of the electrolytic cell is enhanced; (2) The application can save metal materials and reduce the mass of the metal support, thereby improving the mass power density of the electrolytic cell; Compared with the single-layer single-diameter metal support, the double-layer different-diameter structure support of the application has more and wider openings, and thus has less solid domain, so that the material consumed for processing the support of this structure is less, thereby reducing the production cost of the electrolytic cell and improving the economy of the electrolytic cell; (3) Further, the mass of the electrolytic cell is reduced, which means that the mass power density is improved, and the application scenario of the electrolytic cell with high mass power density can be expanded to the engineering field of aircraft, ship and other fields with high requirements for mass power density, so that the application is beneficial to expand the application range of the electrolytic cell and has high application value; (4) The application has reasonable concept, is easy to manufacture, can meet the needs of industrial large-scale production, and has good stability and reliability; (5) The application solves the problem that the metal support used in the previous mental support solid oxide electrolysis cell (Mental Support Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell, MS-SOEC) cannot coordinate the contradiction between the gas permeability and the supportability, realizes the supportability of the support under the premise of meeting the gas permeability required when the electrolytic cell operates, makes the electrolytic cell able to withstand greater stress, improves the mechanical strength and the stability of the electrolytic cell, and prolongs the service life of the electrolytic cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The application will be described by examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A combination diagram of the metal support layer and the PEN layer in the existing MS-SOEC is given.

[0034] Figure 2 A stainless steel support substrate diagram prepared by the existing laser drilling technology is given.

[0035] Figure 3 A structure diagram of the metal support structure of the application is given.

[0036] Figure 4 A working principle diagram of the metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell prepared in Example 1 using the metal support structure of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 The velocity distribution nephogram of the control group and the test group in the example is given.

[0038] Figure 6 The displacement nephogram of the PEN layer in the test group and the control group is given respectively.

[0039] Marked in the figure: 1, PEN layer, 2, fixed domain, 3, open hole domain, 4, first support layer, 5, gas flow guide layer, 6, first gas through hole, 7, flow guide gas through hole, 8, flow direction of fuel gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] All features disclosed in this specification, and / or all steps of any methods or processes disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive.

[0041] Any of the features disclosed in this specification, unless explicitly stated otherwise, can be replaced by alternative features serving the same, or a similar, purpose.

[0042] (I) Sample preparation Example 1 The present example provides a double-layered metal support structure with different diameters for MS-SOEC, and the thickness of the metal support structure is 100 μm-2000 μm. The metal support structure comprises a first support layer for connecting with a PEN layer, and a flow guide assembly. The flow guide assembly and the first support layer are connected in sequence in the direction from the flow guide assembly to the PEN layer. The first support layer is provided with a plurality of first gas through holes, and the flow guide assembly is provided with a plurality of flow guide gas through holes. The diameter of the first gas through hole is smaller than that of the flow guide gas through hole, and the first gas through hole is in communication with the flow guide gas through hole. As shown in the figure, in this structure, the gas flow in the flow channel first enters the flow guide gas through hole, and then enters the PEN layer through the first gas through hole.

[0043] The first support layer and the flow guide assembly are integrally formed. In a specific example, a piece of metal plate is used as raw material, and the first gas through hole and the flow guide gas through hole are made on the opposite two sides of the metal plate by laser punching, and the first support layer and the flow guide assembly are formed respectively. As an alternative, the first support layer and the flow guide assembly are made respectively, and then the first support layer and the flow guide assembly are connected by laser welding or electron beam welding.

[0044] Further, the flow guide assembly is composed of N layers of gas flow guide layers, N is a natural number and N≥1. In the direction from the first support layer to the flow guide assembly, the gas flow guide layers are sequentially recorded as the 1st gas flow guide layer, the 2nd gas flow guide layer, …, and the Nth gas flow guide layer. In the direction from the first support layer to the flow guide assembly, the flow guide gas through hole on the 1st gas flow guide layer is recorded as the 1st flow guide gas through hole, the flow guide gas through hole on the 2nd gas flow guide layer is recorded as the 2nd flow guide gas through hole, …, and the flow guide gas through hole on the Nth gas flow guide layer is recorded as the Nth flow guide gas through hole. M≥1, and M≤(N-1), the diameter of the (M+1)th flow guide gas through hole is greater than the diameter of the Mth flow guide gas through hole. Preferably, the diameters of the 1st flow guide gas through hole, the 2nd flow guide gas through hole, …, and the Nth flow guide gas through hole increase in turn.

[0045] Further, the diameter of the flow guide gas through hole is 2-10 times the diameter of the first gas through hole. Preferably, as shown in the figure, in the direction of the central axis of the flow guide gas through hole, the projection of the first gas through hole is located inside the projection of the flow guide gas through hole.

[0046] Further, the present embodiment claims to protect a metal support type solid oxide fuel electrolysis cell using the aforementioned double-layered metal support structure, which includes a PEN layer, the aforementioned metal support structure, and the flow guide assembly, the first support layer, and the PEN layer are sequentially connected in one body in the direction from the flow guide assembly to the PEN layer.

[0047] In the process of making a sample of one thing, the process is as follows: two pieces of stainless steel substrate are connected into an integrated structure by welding, and large-aperture straight-through holes and small-aperture straight-through holes are punched on the two pieces of stainless steel substrate, respectively, and the structure is as shown in Figure 3 In this structure, the small-aperture side plays a role in carrying the PEN layer, and due to the small aperture, it has strong carrying capacity; the large-aperture side is in contact with the gas flowing through the flow channel, and due to the large aperture, it has strong gas permeability.

[0048] Here, the inventors combine Figure 4 The working principle of the metal support structure of the present application is described as follows. As shown in Figure 4 In a specific example, the metal support structure is composed of a first support layer and a layer of gas flow guide layer, and the diameter of the flow guide gas through hole is greater than the diameter of the first gas through hole. In a certain example, the aperture of the first gas through hole is Φ20um, the aperture of the flow guide gas through hole is Φ80um, the thickness of the first support layer is 40um, and the thickness of the gas flow guide layer is 60um; if the first support layer and the gas flow guide layer are connected by electric welding, the welding area accounts for 1-5%.

[0049] Specifically, the metal support structure is composed of a first support layer on the top and a gas flow guide layer on the bottom. The first support layer is provided with a first gas through hole, and the gas flow guide layer is provided with a gas flow guide through hole. The black arrow 8 indicates the flow mode of the fuel gas when the metal support is in use. In actual use, the fuel gas flows in parallel through the metal support on the lower side of the metal support, and flows into the first gas through hole of the first support layer from the gas flow guide through hole in the gas flow guide layer, and then flows to the PEN layer from the first gas through hole, and performs electrochemical reaction in the PEN layer.

[0050] (II) Test comparison In order to verify the technical effect of the present application, the case is analyzed and explained with a structure of total thickness of 100 um, upper layer thickness of 40 um, lower layer thickness of 60 um, upper layer opening diameter of 20 um, and lower layer opening diameter of 60 um (i.e. the flow guide assembly adopts a single layer gas flow guide layer, the thickness of the double layer different diameter metal support structure is 100 μm, the thickness of the first support layer is 40 μm, the thickness of the single layer gas flow guide layer is 60 μm, the opening diameter of the first gas through hole is 20 μm, and the opening diameter of the gas flow guide through hole is 60 μm, hereinafter referred to as test group).

[0051] At the same time, a single layer opening (opening diameter of 20 um) support structure with the same thickness (100 um) is used as a control group (i.e. the thickness of the metal support structure in the control group is 100 μm, and the opening diameter on it is 20 μm). By comparing the test group and the control group, the advantages of the double layer different diameter support structure of the present application are illustrated.

[0052] 1. The gas enters the PEN layer through the opening on the metal support from the flow channel, so the characterization method for evaluating the gas permeability of the metal support is to measure the pressure difference between the average pressure in the flow channel and the average pressure in the PEN layer; the smaller the pressure difference, the better the gas permeability of the support.

[0053] In order to normalize the expression, the gas permeability is defined as α = (1 - (Δp / p_flow channel)) x 100%. The larger the value of gas permeability α, the better the gas permeability. Wherein, Δp is the pressure difference between the flow channel and the PEN layer, and p_flow channel is the pressure of the flow channel.

[0054] For the present application, in terms of air permeability, the large hole design of the lower layer ensures the smooth entry of gas (i.e. the flow guide assembly design of the present application ensures the smooth entry of gas. According to numerical simulation calculation, under the arrangement of this scheme, the air permeability of the single-layer single-diameter support body is 20.85%, and the air permeability of the double-layer different-diameter support body is 23.53%. The present application can increase the air permeability by 12.8% (i.e. the air permeability of the control group is 20.85%, and the air permeability of the test group is 23.53%. It can be seen that the present application can increase the air permeability by 12.8% (the calculation formula is as follows: (23.53%-20.85%) / 20.85%=12.8%)). The velocity distribution cloud diagram is shown in Figure 5 .

[0055] 2. When evaluating the supporting performance, the maximum principal stress and the maximum Tresca stress borne by the PEN layer are used.

[0056] Under the structures of the test group and the control group, the same load is applied on the PEN layer, and the maximum principal stress and the maximum Tresca stress borne by the PEN layer are compared.

[0057] According to numerical calculation, the maximum principal stress of both the test group and the control group is 2.92 kPa, and the maximum Tresca stress is 3.25 kPa. The displacement cloud diagram of the PEN layer (enlarged by 2 billion times) is shown in Figure 6 , and it can be known that the supporting effect of the structures of the test group and the control group on the PEN layer is the same. Therefore, the present application can guarantee that the supporting performance of the structure does not change.

[0058] 3. Since the opening is increased, less ferritic stainless steel material can be used, the production cost is reduced, and the mass of the electrolytic cell is reduced, thereby improving the mass power density of the electrolytic cell. Under the geometric parameters of the present scheme, the mass can be reduced by more than 48% through calculation.

[0059] The above has described the basic concept. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation on the present application. Although it is not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art can make various modifications, improvements and corrections to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0060] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in the present application are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of the present application. Other variations can also belong to the scope of the present application. Therefore, as an example but not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of the present application can be considered consistent with the teachings of the present application.

Claims

1. A double-layer metal support structure with different diameters for MS-SOEC, characterized in that: It includes a first supporting layer and a flow guide component for connecting with the PEN layer. Along the direction from the flow guide component to the PEN layer, the flow guide component and the first supporting layer are sequentially connected as a whole. A plurality of first gas through holes are provided on the first supporting layer, and a plurality of guide gas through holes are provided on the guide assembly. The diameter of the first gas through holes is smaller than the diameter of the guide gas through holes. The first gas through holes are connected with the guide gas through holes, and the air flow can first pass through the guide gas through holes and then contact the PEN layer through the first gas through holes.

2. The double-layer metal support structure with different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first supporting layer and the guide assembly are integrally formed; Alternatively, the first supporting layer and the guide assembly are connected by laser welding or electron beam welding.

3. The double-layer metal support structure with different diameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first supporting layer and the flow guiding component are made of a metal plate and are formed by punching a first gas through hole and a flow guiding gas through hole on the metal plate.

4. The double-layer metal support structure with different diameters according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The guide assembly is composed of N gas guide layers, where N is a natural number and N≥1; The gas guiding layer is provided with a gas guiding through hole; Along the direction from the first supporting layer to the guide assembly, the gas guide layers are sequentially labeled as the first gas guide layer, the second gas guide layer, ..., the Nth gas guide layer; along the direction from the first supporting layer to the guide assembly, the guide gas through hole on the first gas guide layer is labeled as the first guide gas through hole, the guide gas through hole on the second gas guide layer is labeled as the second guide gas through hole, ..., and the guide gas through hole on the Nth gas guide layer is labeled as the Nth guide gas through hole; M≥1, and M≤(N-1), the diameter of the (M+1)th gas guiding through hole is larger than the diameter of the Mth gas guiding through hole.

5. The double-layer metal support structure with different diameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameters of the first gas guiding through hole, the second gas guiding through hole, ..., and the Nth gas guiding through hole increase in sequence.

6. The double-layer metal support structure with different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: N is 1, the metal support structure is composed of a first support layer and a gas guide layer, and the diameter of the gas guide hole is larger than the diameter of the first gas hole.

7. The double-layer metal support structure with different diameters according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide gas through hole is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the first gas through hole.

8. Use of the double-layer metal support structure with different diameters as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An electrolytic cell, characterized in that It comprises a PEN layer and the metal support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the guide component, the first support layer and the PEN layer are sequentially connected as a whole along the direction from the guide component to the PEN layer.

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