Nylon-spandex fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a brocade spandex fabric and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of industrial textiles. The chinlon-spandex fabric comprises peanut type bi-component filaments composed of chinlon and spandex, and the chinlon is prepared from nano-diamond particles. The preparation method of the brocade-spandex fabric comprises the following steps: (1) preparing copolyamide; (2) adding nano-diamond particles into copolyamide, carrying out melt blending on the copolyamide, and cutting the copolyamide into chinlon slices; (3) performing melt spinning on the chinlon slices and the spandex slices in a negative pressure environment to prepare peanut-shaped filaments; (4) weaving the fabric by using an Ostman weaving method, and carrying out alkali washing; and (5) adding an antibacterial agent, and carrying out antibacterial and deodorant treatment on the fabric. The brocade-spandex fabric provided by the invention can achieve the effects of strong cool feeling, moisture absorption and quick drying characteristics, and excellent antibacterial and deodorant properties.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to industrial textiles, in particular a nylon-polyurethane fabric and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for comfort in daily wear, functional fabrics are increasingly widely used in the market. Especially in the comfort demand of sports, outdoor and daily life, fabrics with multiple characteristics such as coolness, antibacterial and deodorization, moisture absorption and quick drying gradually become the research focus. Cool fabric usually uses materials with high thermal conductivity or special fiber structure design, which can effectively absorb and evaporate sweat, thereby reducing the body surface temperature of the wearer and improving the coolness during wearing. The antibacterial and deodorization characteristics are mainly achieved by introducing antibacterial agents or by changing the surface structure of the fiber, so that the fabric can inhibit the growth of bacteria and avoid the unpleasant odor caused by the decomposition of sweat. This characteristic can effectively maintain the freshness and comfort of the clothes after a long time of wearing or after high-intensity exercise. In addition, moisture absorption and quick drying function is one of the important factors to improve the comfort of the fabric. This function can quickly absorb and discharge sweat, avoid moisture remaining on the skin surface, especially suitable for sports or high-temperature environment, keep dry, and effectively improve the comfort of the wearer, avoid skin discomfort or infection caused by moisture. Therefore, the fabric combining the three functions not only can improve the comfort of the wearer, but also can provide more convenience in high temperature and high humidity environment, and is widely used in sports clothes, outdoor equipment and daily wear. The development of such fabric can not only meet the dual demands of consumers for functionality and comfort, but also promote the technological innovation and sustainable development of the textile industry.

[0003] The cool fabric prepared by traditional process often has insufficient heat conduction efficiency due to the high air content in the fiber, and the smooth surface of the fiber cannot provide enough contact area to enhance the cool experience. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a nylon-polyurethane fabric with strong coolness, moisture absorption and quick drying characteristics, and excellent antibacterial and deodorization performance.

[0005] Another purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the nylon-polyurethane fabric.

[0006] Technical scheme: The nylon-polyurethane fabric of the present application comprises peanut-shaped bicomponent filaments composed of nylon and spandex, and the preparation raw material of the nylon comprises nanodiamond particles and copolyamide, and the mass percentage of the nanodiamond particles in the nylon is 5-9%.

[0007] The preparation method of the nylon-polyurethane fabric of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) preparing copolyamide: 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 1,12-diaminododecane, octadecanedioic acid are subjected to polycondensation reaction under the action of catalyst to prepare copolyamide;

[0009] (2) preparing nylon chip: nano-diamond particles are added to the copolyamide, and the mixture is melt-blended to cut into nylon chip;

[0010] (3) preparing peanut-shaped filament by melt spinning of nylon chip and spandex chip under negative pressure environment;

[0011] (4) weaving fabric by Osman weaving method and carrying out alkali washing;

[0012] (5) adding antibacterial agent to carry out antibacterial and deodorant treatment on the fabric.

[0013] Preferably, the molar ratio of 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 1,12-diaminododecane, and octadecanedioic acid in step (1) is 1:0.5-1.2:0.5-1.2, and further preferably 1:1:1.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the polycondensation reaction in step (1) is 200-250℃, and the reaction time is 2-5h.

[0015] Preferably, the negative pressure value of the negative pressure environment in step (2) is 0.001-0.01MPa, and further preferably 0.006MPa.

[0016] Preferably, the mass percentage of nano-diamond particles added in step (2) is 5%-9%, and further preferably 7%.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of nylon chip to spandex chip in step (3) is 1:1.5-3.

[0018] Preferably, the antibacterial agent in step (5) is gentamicin sulfate.

[0019] Invention principle: maintaining a negative pressure environment in the melt spinning process can make the fiber structure more compact, reduce the internal air content, and improve the thermal conductivity efficiency. Adding nano-diamond particles to the garment fabric, in the spinning process, the nano-diamond particles are micro-friction with the spinning port, forming a special groove structure on the fiber surface, increasing the fiber surface area, and thus enhancing the fiber moisture absorption performance. In addition, due to the peanut-shaped cross-section of the filament, the surface grooves and larger specific surface area are provided, enhancing the initial moisture absorption and moisture along the fiber. Using Osman weaving method to weave the fabric, the flat surface as the inner layer and the convex surface as the outer layer increases the specific surface area, due to the different specific surface areas on both sides of the fabric, a capillary pressure gradient is formed, and liquid migrates from the low specific surface area area to the high specific surface area area. Due to the large specific surface area of the outer layer, moisture is easy to diffuse and evaporate, that is, the quick-drying effect is achieved.

[0020] Beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the present application has the following obvious advantages: (1) maintaining a negative pressure environment in the melt spinning process improves the thermal conductivity efficiency of the internal fibers of the fabric, and thus the fabric has strong cooling characteristics; (2) adding nano-diamond particles to the fabric enhances the moisture absorption performance of the fibers, so that the fabric has moisture absorption and quick-drying characteristics; (3) using Osman weaving method to weave the fabric, the flat surface as the inner layer and the convex surface as the outer layer increases the specific surface area, so that the moisture in the fabric is easy to diffuse and evaporate, achieving the quick-drying effect; (4) adding gentamicin sulfate antibacterial agent to the fabric, so that it has excellent antibacterial and deodorizing performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in combination with examples.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The preparation method of the nylon fabric described in the present application comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) Preparation of copolyamide:

[0025] The monomers of 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 1,12-diaminododecane, and octadecanedioic acid are added to a stainless steel reactor equipped with a heating jacket and an overhead mixer in an equimolar ratio. Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is added as a catalyst, and the reactor temperature is heated to 200°C, and the molten monomer / oligomer is mixed under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. Subsequently, the temperature is raised to 240°C, and the molten monomer / oligomer is mixed under a nitrogen stream for 4 hours to complete the polycondensation reaction. After the reaction is completed, the reactor is cooled under a nitrogen stream, and the copolymer copolyamide is recovered. The copolyamide is sliced using a Retsch SM 300 cutter with a 6mm screen size (square hole).

[0026] (2) Preparation of nylon chip:

[0027] Nanodiamond particles were melt-blended with co-polyamide (mass ratio of 7:93) in a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, with a screw speed of 20 rpm and a temperature setting of 155 °C (feed), 160 °C (middle), and 160 °C (die). The output filament was cured under an air atmosphere and then cut using a pelletizer, resulting in nylon chips (PA).

[0028] (3) Preparation of peanut-shaped filaments by melt spinning:

[0029] PA obtained from step (2) and commercially available spandex chips (SP) were fed into a melt spinning machine from different channels (mass ratio of 40:60), with a drying temperature of 135 °C on the PA side and a melt spinning extrusion temperature range of 240-260 °C. A continuous negative pressure treatment was applied, with a negative pressure value of 0.006 MPa. The drying temperature on the SP side was 140 °C, and the melt spinning extrusion temperature range was 230-250 °C. Peanut-shaped bicomponent filaments composed of 40% PA and 60% SP placed side by side were obtained. The PA / SP bicomponent filaments were drawn to enhance their mechanical properties, with a heating temperature of 160 °C and a draw ratio of 1.06.

[0030] (4) Knitted fabric:

[0031] A double-weft knitted structure, the Osman knitting method (Sun, S., Peng, M., Liu, J. et al. A Novel Moisture-Wicking and Fast-Drying Functional Bicomponent Fabric. Fibers Polym 26, 447-462 (2025). https: / / doi.org / 10.1007 / s12221-024-00810-2), was used to knit the bicomponent filaments obtained in step (3) by taking advantage of the difference in capillary effect between the front and back layers. The knitted fabric of this structure was knitted on a circular machine with a cylinder diameter of 38 inches and 72 cylinders. The fabric was placed in a washing solution containing 5 g / L sodium carbonate and 5 g / L detergent (including surfactants, flavorings, and softening water), and the washing solution was heated to 90 °C. The fabric was subjected to an alkali wash for 15 min, and the sample was heat set at 150 °C for 90 s, resulting in a fabric precursor.

[0032] (5) Antimicrobial and odor-resistant treatment of the fabric

[0033] The sulfuric acid gentamicin is fixed in the porous structure of the fabric precursor obtained in step (4) as an antibacterial agent by inclusion process to form a fabric with biological activity. The inclusion process is a physicochemical modification in which the molecules of this antimicrobial agent are incorporated into the polymer matrix of the chitosan-based polysaccharide gel, which is then applied as an adhesive coating to the knitted fabric prepared. The amount of immobilized gentamicin sulfate used is 0.15 mg / cm 2 A satin fabric is obtained.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The same as in Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that:

[0036] In step (2), the mass ratio of nanodiamond particles to copolyamide is 5:95.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] The same as in Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that:

[0039] In step (2), the mass ratio of nanodiamond particles to copolyamide is 9:91.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] The same as in Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that:

[0042] In step (3), the negative pressure value is 0.003 MPa.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] The same as in Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that:

[0045] In step (3), the negative pressure value is 0.001 MPa.

[0046] Example 6

[0047] The same as in Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that:

[0048] In step (3), the negative pressure value is 0.01 MPa.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The same as in Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that:

[0051] In step (2), the amount of nanodiamond particles added is 0.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] The same as Example 1 is not repeated, and the difference is that:

[0054] In step (2), the mass ratio of nanodiamond particles to copolyamide is 3:97.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The same as Example 1 is not repeated, and the difference is that:

[0057] In step (3), the negative pressure value is 0.02 MPa.

[0058] Comparative Example 4

[0059] The same as Example 1 is not repeated, and the difference is that:

[0060] In step (3), the negative pressure value is 0.03 MPa.

[0061] Comparative Example 5

[0062] The same as Example 1 is not repeated, and the difference is that:

[0063] In step (5), the antibacterial agent used in the inclusion process is European spruce essential oil natural antibacterial agent.

[0064] The satin ammonia fabric obtained by the above examples and comparative examples is tested for thermal performance, moisture absorption and quick drying performance, and antibacterial and deodorant performance according to the following methods.

[0065] Coolness test: according to the method of GB / T 35263-2017 "detection and evaluation of textile contact instantaneous coolness performance". Under the specified test environment conditions, the temperature of the heat detection plate higher than the sample is contacted with the sample, the change of the temperature of the heat detection plate with time is measured, and the contact coolness number q max is calculated, which represents the coolness performance of the sample in the moment of contact, and the larger the q max value, the stronger the coolness degree felt by the skin, and vice versa.

[0066] The thermal performance test results of the samples obtained in each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1 Coolness test results of different samples

[0068]

[0069] The coolness performance test results of the satin ammonia fabric obtained in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1. The q maxvalue reached 0.17 J / (cm 2 ·s), which was the highest among all the tested samples. By comparing the different proportions of nano-diamonds added (Examples 1-3), it can be seen that the introduction of nano-diamonds significantly improved the cooling performance of the fabric, q max value increased from 0.11 J / (cm 2 ·s) without addition to 0.13-0.17 J / (cm 2 ·s), and the performance was best when the mass proportion of nano-diamond particles was 7%. At the same time, by comparing different negative pressure values, it was found that the negative pressure condition of 0.006 MPa (Example 1) could more effectively improve the cooling performance of the fabric compared to other tested negative pressure values (0.001 MPa to 0.03 MPa). In summary, by optimizing the addition amount of nano-diamonds and the negative pressure condition during melt spinning, the instant cooling performance of the nylon-polyamide fabric was effectively improved. This is mainly due to the fact that the fibers are more compact under the negative pressure spinning environment, and the surface micro-groove structure generated by the friction between the nano-diamond particles and the spinning port, which together improves the thermal conductivity of the fibers, enables heat to be more effectively conducted away from the skin surface, thereby producing a stronger cooling effect.

[0070] Moisture absorption and drying speed performance test: The moisture absorption capacity of the fabric is measured by the moisture regain, which is expressed as the percentage of the weight of water contained in the material to the weight of the dry material. By drying the sample at a temperature of 105±3℃ for 4 hours to obtain the dry weight, and then allowing the sample to absorb moisture in the standard atmosphere (20±2℃ and 65±2% relative humidity) for more than 48h, the percentage of the weight of water contained in the material to the weight of the dry material is calculated. The wicking height of the fabric sample is measured by the vertical wicking test method, and the drying rate is tested by the RF4008HP drying rate tester (heating plate method, REFO ND Equipment Co., China, according to the AATCC MT201 standard). The moisture absorption and drying speed performance of the fabric is evaluated by the wicking height and the drying rate.

[0071] The moisture absorption and drying speed performance test results of the samples obtained in each example and comparative example are shown in Table 2.

[0072] Table 2 Moisture regain, wicking height, and drying rate of different fabrics

[0073]

[0074] From the moisture regain data in Table 2, it can be seen that the fabrics made from the nylon chip with nano-diamond particles (Examples 1-3) have higher moisture regain compared to the fabric made from the nylon chip without nano-diamond particles (Comparative Example 1), indicating that the addition of diamond nanoparticles is beneficial to enhance the moisture absorption capacity of the fiber. This is mainly due to the good moisture absorption of the nano-diamond particles and the amorphous region of the cool-touch fiber. From the wicking height and drying rate data in Table 2, it can be seen that under the same fabric specifications, the fabric made from the nylon chip with nano-diamond particles (Examples 1-3) has a higher wicking height compared to the fabric made from the nylon chip without nano-diamond particles (Comparative Example 1). This is because the cool-touch fabric has higher moisture absorption and water absorption capacity. The drying rate of the fabric made from the nylon chip with nano-diamond particles is slightly lower compared to the fabric made from the nylon chip without nano-diamond particles. This is mainly because the better moisture absorption performance of the fabric inhibits the evaporation of water, resulting in poorer drying performance.

[0075] Antibacterial and odor-resistant performance test: According to standard microbiological methods, fungi and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella) were used as indicator microorganisms to test the treated fabric. The antibacterial efficiency and inhibitory activity of the bioactive textile material were tested by diffusion method on agar plates inoculated with indicator microorganisms. After incubation at 378C for 24h, it was recorded whether there were visible colonies on the agar surface directly above the fiber textile material. Through visual inspection, the microbial inhibition zone (mm) on the agar surface was determined. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0076] Table 3 Inhibition zone (mm) of different fabrics

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] In Table 3, "bactericidal zone" refers to the killing of microorganisms, while "bacteriostatic zone" refers to the growth inhibition of microorganisms. The antimicrobial effect of the treated test fabric on microbial growth is also shown in Table 3, indicating the width of the microbial growth inhibition zone. As can be seen from the table, the test fabric as an antibacterial fabric shows extensive bactericidal, bacteriostatic and antifungal activity against all tested microbial groups. The test sample treated with gentamicin sulfate has a wider range of antimicrobial activity than the sample treated with Picea abies oil.

Claims

1. A nylon-spandex fabric, characterized in that: The fabric comprises peanut-shaped bicomponent filaments composed of nylon and spandex. The raw materials for preparing the nylon include nano-diamond particles and copolyamide. The mass percentage of the nano-diamond particles in the nylon is 5-9%.

2. A method for preparing the nylon-spandex fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Preparing copolyamide: 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 1,12-diaminododecane, and octadecanedioic acid are subjected to a condensation reaction under the action of a catalyst to prepare a copolyamide; (2) Preparation of nylon slices: adding nanodiamond particles to the copolyamide, melt-blending the mixture, and cutting the mixture into nylon slices; (3) Melt spinning of nylon chips and spandex chips under negative pressure to prepare peanut-shaped filaments; (4) Weaving the fabric using the Ottoman weave method and alkali washing; (5) Add antibacterial agents to treat the fabric with antibacterial and deodorizing agents.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The negative pressure value of the negative pressure environment in step (2) is 0.001-0.01MPa.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The negative pressure value of the negative pressure environment in step (3) is 0.006MPa.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass percentage of the nano-diamond particles added in step (2) is 5%-9%.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass percentage of the nano-diamond particles added in step (2) is 7%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The molar ratio of 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 1,12-diaminododecane and octadecanedioic acid in step (1) is 1:0.5-1.2:0.5-1.

2.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The temperature of the polycondensation reaction in step (1) is 200-250° C., and the reaction time is 2-5 hours.

9. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass ratio of the nylon slices to the spandex slices in step (3) is 1:1.5-3.

10. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The antibacterial agent described in step (5) is gentamicin sulfate.

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