Multi-level force transmission construction method for large-span beam formwork supporting system

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork supporting system, and belongs to the technical field of building construction.The multi-level force transmission construction method comprises the steps that a supporting system space coordinate system is established by obtaining three-dimensional model data of a large-span beam structure; a multi-layer force transmission analysis model is established to divide a supporting system into four force transmission layers including a bottom die layer, a secondary keel layer, a main keel layer and a vertical rod layer, a force transmission path calculation equation set is used for analyzing the load transmission relation between the layers, and a disc buckle type steel pipe supporting frame body is erected to form a multi-layer force transmission network foundation structure. A bottom formwork secondary keel system and a main keel back ridge system are installed to establish a complete bearing system, the bearing capacity and deformation coordination of all force transmission paths are calculated through a force transmission efficiency evaluation equation set, and parameter adjustment and optimization are conducted; the technical problems that the force transmission path of a large-span beam formwork supporting system is not clear, and the load transmission efficiency between layers is low are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to a multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In building engineering construction, large-span beam formwork support technology mainly adopts traditional methods such as steel pipe scaffold, bowl buckle type support frame and early dismantling formwork support. These technologies are widely used in large-span structure engineering such as stadiums, exhibition centers and industrial plants, and a support network is formed by erecting dense vertical rods and horizontal rods to bear the concrete pouring load. The traditional support method has the problem that the arrangement of support rods mainly relies on experience estimation, and lacks scientific force transmission path analysis, resulting in unclear load transmission mechanism between different support levels, and easy formation of local stress concentration and uneven distribution of support stiffness. In the current large-span beam construction, due to the lack of effective multi-level force transmission analysis method, the load distribution and coordinated deformation between the components of the support system cannot be realized, the support efficiency is generally low, and the safety risk is high. That is, there is a technical problem of unclear force transmission path of the large-span beam formwork support system and low load transmission efficiency between levels in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system, which can solve the technical problem of unclear force transmission path of the large-span beam formwork support system and low load transmission efficiency between levels in the prior art.

[0004] The application is implemented in the following manner: the application provides a multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system, which comprises the following steps: obtaining three-dimensional model data of a large-span beam structure, extracting beam length, beam height, beam width, support point position coordinates and load distribution values to establish a spatial coordinate system of the support system; establishing a multi-level force transmission analysis model, dividing the support system into four force transmission levels, i.e., a bottom mold layer, a secondary keel layer, a main keel layer and a vertical rod layer, and analyzing the load transmission relationship between the force transmission levels by using a force transmission path calculation equation set; erecting a disc-type steel pipe support frame, setting the vertical rod spacing value in a certain interval, setting the horizontal rod spacing value in a certain interval, setting an adjustable jacking head at the top, and forming a multi-level force transmission network basic structure; installing the bottom mold and the secondary keel system; installing the main keel and the back lining system; calculating the bearing capacity value and deformation compatibility value of each force transmission path by using a force transmission efficiency evaluation equation set, and adjusting the support arrangement spacing value and the rod specification parameter when the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient is less than a threshold value; performing overall acceptance and load test on the support system, verifying the bearing performance value of the multi-level force transmission chain through staged loading, and forming a complete force transmission system from the bottom mold layer to the secondary keel layer to the main keel layer to the vertical rod layer; abstracting the support system into a network structure of nodes and edges based on the shortest path algorithm in graph theory by using a multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm, taking the force transmission efficiency coefficient as the weight, finding the optimal force transmission path by using the Dijkstra algorithm, and globally optimizing the support arrangement by using the genetic algorithm to systematically analyze all possible force transmission path combinations and automatically identify the path layout with the highest bearing efficiency value.

[0005] The multi-level force transmission analysis model specifically divides the complex support system into four interacting bearing levels according to the mechanical transmission level, and each bearing level has a clear stress characteristic and force transmission mechanism.

[0006] The force transmission path calculation equation set comprises a load distribution equation and a deformation compatibility equation; the load distribution equation is used to calculate the load distribution value and transmission proportion value between the force transmission levels, and the deformation compatibility equation is used to ensure the deformation compatibility consistency of the force transmission levels under the action of the load.

[0007] The load distribution equation specifically inputs the concrete pouring load value, the construction live load value, the plywood self-weight value, the support rod stiffness value and the node connection stiffness value, and outputs the distribution load value and the support reaction force value of each force transmission level.

[0008] The deformation compatibility equation specifically inputs the elastic modulus value, the cross-sectional moment of inertia value, the rod length value, the constraint condition parameter and the load working condition parameter of the rod of each force transmission level, and outputs the deflection value and the interlayer displacement value of each force transmission level.

[0009] Among them, the force transmission efficiency evaluation equation group includes a path efficiency equation and a coordination equation; the path efficiency equation is used to evaluate the load-bearing efficiency value and load transfer capacity value of the force transmission path, and the coordination equation is used to analyze the deformation coordination value and load redistribution characteristic value between each force transmission path.

[0010] The path efficiency equation specifically inputs the force transmission path length value, the rod cross-sectional area value, the material strength value, the node connection coefficient value and the load concentration value, and the output is the path force transmission efficiency coefficient and the load safety factor.

[0011] The coordination equation specifically inputs the values ​​of the stiffness ratio of adjacent paths, the displacement of nodes, the load distribution coefficient, the Poisson's ratio of materials, and the temperature influence coefficient, and outputs the values ​​of the coordination coefficient between paths and the load redistribution ratio.

[0012] Among them, the force transmission efficiency coefficient is specifically a dimensionless indicator for quantitatively evaluating the force transmission performance of the support system. The numerical range is within the interval, and the higher the value, the better the force transmission efficiency.

[0013] Among them, the multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm specifically establishes a force transmission efficiency weight matrix between nodes by calculating the spatial coordinate position value of each support node, the bending stiffness value of the rod, the axial stiffness value, the bearing capacity value and the node connection stiffness value.

[0014] The disc-type steel pipe support frame is specifically an assembled steel pipe scaffolding system connected by disc-type nodes, which has the characteristics of reliable connection and convenient assembly and disassembly. The steps of installing the base formwork and secondary purlin system are specifically that the base formwork adopts plywood with a thickness of 18mm, the secondary purlin adopts wooden squares with a cross-section of 50mm×100mm, arranged at a spacing of 300mm along the width of the beam, and fixed with bolts. The steps of installing the main purlin and back rib system are specifically that the main purlin adopts double-piece wooden squares with a cross-section of 50mm×100mm, arranged at a spacing of 450mm along the length of the beam, and the back rib is made of plywood with a thickness of 18mm, and connected to the secondary purlin by U-shaped clips.

[0015] Among them, after using the Dijkstra algorithm to find the optimal force transmission path, it also includes using the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest force transmission path from the load application point to the foundation support point, and obtain the optimal force transmission path sequence and the corresponding force transmission efficiency coefficient.

[0016] Among them, after the step of obtaining the optimal force transmission path sequence and the corresponding force transmission efficiency coefficient, it also includes iterative optimization and adjustment of the support node position coordinates and rod parameters through the selection, crossover and mutation operations of the genetic algorithm.

[0017] Wherein, after the step of iterative optimization adjustment by genetic algorithm, the support arrangement scheme and the rod configuration parameter with the highest force transmission efficiency coefficient are obtained, and numerical calculation is used to replace empirical judgment to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the design.

[0018] The present application divides the support system into four clear load levels of bottom mold layer, secondary keel layer, main keel layer and vertical rod layer according to the mechanical transmission mechanism by establishing a multi-level force transmission analysis model, analyzes the load transmission relationship and deformation compatibility between each level by using force transmission path calculation equation set, and realizes the quantitative description and path optimization of force transmission mechanism. The present application uses force transmission efficiency evaluation equation set to quantitatively calculate the bearing capacity and compatibility of each force transmission path, and can timely adjust the support arrangement parameters when the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient is lower than the standard value, so as to ensure the efficient transmission and uniform distribution of load between each level and eliminate the stress concentration phenomenon in the traditional method. The present application establishes the optimal force transmission network from the load action point to the foundation support point through the multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm, realizes the scientific design and fine control of the support system, and significantly improves the force transmission efficiency and overall stability. In summary, the present application solves the technical problems of unclear force transmission path and low load transmission efficiency between each level of the large-span beam formwork support system mentioned in the background art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 The overall structure diagram of the large-span beam formwork support system in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 The convergence curve diagram of the multi-level force transmission path optimization process in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, is the flowchart of the multi-level force transmission construction method of the large-span beam formwork support system provided by the present application, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0024] S01, obtaining the three-dimensional model data of the large-span beam structure, extracting the beam length value, beam height value, beam width value, support point position coordinates and load distribution value to establish the spatial coordinate system of the support system;

[0025] S02, a multi-level force analysis model is established, the support system is divided into four force levels of bottom mold layer, secondary keel layer, main keel layer and vertical rod layer, and the load transfer relationship between each force level is analyzed by using force path calculation equation set;

[0026] S03, a disc type steel pipe support frame body is erected, the vertical rod spacing value is set in the [600, 800] mm interval, the horizontal rod spacing value is set in the [1200, 1500] mm interval, an adjustable top support is arranged at the top, and a multi-level force network basic structure is formed;

[0027] S04, the bottom mold and the secondary keel system are installed, the bottom mold adopts plywood with a thickness of 18 mm, the secondary keel adopts a wood square with a section of 50 mm*100 mm, is arranged along the beam width direction at an interval of 300 mm, and is fixed by bolt connection;

[0028] S05, the main keel and the back rib system are installed, the main keel adopts a double-spliced wood square with a section of 50 mm*100 mm, is arranged along the beam length direction at an interval of 450 mm, the back rib is made of plywood with a thickness of 18 mm, and is connected with the secondary keel through a U-shaped buckle;

[0029] S06, the bearing capacity value and the deformation compatibility value of each force path are calculated by using the force efficiency evaluation equation set, and when the main force path efficiency coefficient ∈ [0, 0.72), the support arrangement spacing value and the rod specification parameter are adjusted;

[0030] S07, overall acceptance and load test of the support system are carried out, the bearing performance value of the multi-level force chain is verified through staged loading, and a complete force transmission system from the bottom mold layer to the secondary keel layer to the main keel layer to the vertical rod layer is formed.

[0031] The multi-level force analysis model is to divide the complex support system into four interacting bearing levels according to the mechanical transmission level, and each bearing level has a clear stress characteristic and force transmission mechanism.

[0032] The force path calculation equation set includes a load distribution equation and a deformation compatibility equation; the load distribution equation is used to calculate the load distribution value and the transmission proportion value between each force level, the input includes the concrete pouring load value, the construction live load value, the plywood self-weight value, the support rod stiffness value and the node connection stiffness value, and the output is the distributed load value and the support reaction force value of each force level; the deformation compatibility equation is used to ensure the deformation compatibility consistency of each force level under the action of load, the input includes the elastic modulus value, the section inertia moment value, the rod length value, the constraint condition parameter and the load working condition parameter of the rod of each force level, and the output is the deflection value and the interlayer displacement value of each force level.

[0033] The disc-type steel pipe support frame is an assembled steel pipe scaffolding system connected by disc-type nodes. It has the characteristics of reliable connection and convenient assembly and disassembly.

[0034] The force transmission efficiency evaluation equation group includes a path efficiency equation and a coordination equation; the path efficiency equation is used to evaluate the load-bearing efficiency value and load transfer capacity value of the force transmission path, and the input includes the force transmission path length value, the rod cross-sectional area value, the material strength value, the node connection coefficient value and the load concentration value, and the output is the path force transmission efficiency coefficient and the load safety factor; the coordination equation is used to analyze the deformation coordination value and the load redistribution characteristic value between each force transmission path, and the input includes the adjacent path stiffness ratio value, the node displacement value, the load distribution coefficient value, the material Poisson's ratio value and the temperature influence coefficient value, and the output is the coordination coefficient between paths and the load redistribution ratio value.

[0035] The force transmission efficiency coefficient is a dimensionless indicator for quantitatively evaluating the force transmission performance of the support system. Its value range is in the interval [0, 1]. The higher the value, the better the force transmission efficiency.

[0036] The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm is based on the shortest path algorithm in graph theory. It abstracts the support system into a network structure of nodes and edges, uses the force transmission efficiency coefficient as the weight, uses the Dijkstra algorithm to find the optimal force transmission path, and combines the genetic algorithm to perform global optimization of the support layout.

[0037] The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm establishes a force transmission efficiency weight matrix between nodes by calculating the spatial coordinate position values ​​of each support node, the bending stiffness values ​​of the rods, the axial stiffness values, the bearing capacity values, and the node connection stiffness values. The Dijkstra algorithm is used to calculate the shortest force transmission path from the load application point to the foundation support point, and the optimal force transmission path sequence and the corresponding force transmission efficiency coefficient are obtained. The support node position coordinates and rod parameters are iteratively optimized and adjusted through the selection, crossover, and mutation operations of the genetic algorithm, and finally the support layout scheme and rod configuration parameters with the highest force transmission efficiency coefficient are obtained.

[0038] The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm is applied to the large-span beam formwork support system to systematically analyze all possible force transmission path combinations, automatically identify the path layout with the highest load-bearing efficiency value, and effectively solve the technical problems of lateral stability control and force transmission path optimization in large-span beam support.

[0039] The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm ensures the scientificity and rationality of the design by numerical calculation instead of empirical judgment, significantly improves the bearing efficiency and stability performance of the overall structure, and reduces the amount of supporting materials and construction period. The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm reduces the structural deformation and stress concentration, realizes the fine design of the support system through quantitative analysis and optimization calculation, and ensures the safety and economy of the multi-level force transmission chain. The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm provides a systematic mechanical analysis method and optimization design tool for large-span beam formwork support engineering.

[0040] The specific implementation of the above steps is described in detail below.

[0041] The specific implementation of step S01 is to first obtain the complete three-dimensional geometric data of the large-span beam structure through building information modeling technology. This process converts the physical building structure into a digital model based on the principles of computer-aided design. Key geometric parameters such as beam length, beam height, and beam width are automatically extracted through model analysis algorithms, and the coordinates of the support point positions of the beam structure are identified. Finite element analysis is used to calculate the load distribution of the beam structure during concrete pouring, including the spatial distribution characteristics of dead loads, live loads, and vibration loads. A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the geometric center of the beam structure as the origin, and the coordinates of all support points, load application points, and key control sections are expressed in this coordinate system, providing accurate spatial positioning benchmarks for subsequent support system design. The purpose of this step is to establish a digital foundation for support system design, ensuring accurate geometric and load input conditions for subsequent analysis and calculation.

[0042] The specific implementation of step S02 is to establish a multi-level force transmission analysis model using hierarchical structural mechanics analysis theory. The model is based on the force transmission path analysis principle in structural mechanics to decompose the complex support system into four mutually coupled load-bearing levels. The bottom layer is the force-bearing surface that directly bears the concrete load, and its stress characteristics are the transformation from surface load to linear load. The secondary keel layer bears the linear load transmitted by the bottom layer and transforms it into point load to the main keel layer. The main keel layer receives the point load and redistributes it into multiple concentrated forces to the vertical rod layer through its bending stiffness. The vertical rod layer is the final load-bearing level that transmits all loads to the foundation. The load distribution equation in the force transmission path calculation equation set is based on the force balance principle and stiffness distribution theorem. The input parameters include the concrete pouring load value, usually 24-26 kN / m3, the construction live load value, usually 2.5-4.0 kPa, the self-weight of plywood, about 0.3-0.5 kPa, the stiffness value of support rod and the stiffness value of node connection, and the output is the distribution load value and the reaction force value of each force transmission level. The deformation compatibility equation is based on the structural deformation compatibility theory to ensure that each level has the same vertical displacement under load. The input parameters include the elastic modulus value, the cross-sectional moment of inertia value, the rod length value, the constraint condition parameters and the load working condition parameters of each force transmission level, and the output is the deflection value and the interlayer displacement value of each force transmission level. The purpose of this step is to establish the mechanical analysis basis of the multi-level force transmission system and provide a theoretical basis for the accurate design of the support system.

[0043] The specific implementation of step S03 is to set up a disc-type steel pipe support frame according to the principle of spatial truss structure. The frame uses standardized component assembly connection method to ensure the structural integrity and stability. The vertical rod spacing value is set in the interval of 600-800 mm, which is determined based on the concrete structure construction load distribution characteristics and the bearing capacity of the support rod. Too small spacing will cause material waste, and too large spacing will affect the bearing safety. The horizontal rod spacing value is set in the interval of 1200-1500 mm, which is determined comprehensively according to the stability requirements of vertical rods and the space requirements of construction operation. The verticality error of vertical rods is controlled within 1 / 500 and the levelness error of horizontal rods is controlled within 1 / 400 through geometric measurement and level instrument verification. An adjustable top support is set at the top of the frame, with a typical adjustment range of 200-400 mm, which is used to accurately control the support height and pre-pressure application. Diagonal bracing and scissors bracing are used to form a spatial stable structure to improve the overall lateral deformation resistance. This step is based on the stability theory of steel structure, and a reliable multi-level force transmission network foundation structure is formed through the precise assembly of standardized components, providing a stable support platform for the subsequent installation of formwork system.

[0044] The specific implementation of step S04 is to install the base mold and the secondary keel system according to the composite beam structure design principle to form the first level load bearing and transmission structure. The base mold adopts plywood with a thickness of 18 mm, which is determined based on the bending strength calculation and can bear the concrete pouring load within a span of 300 mm without excessive deflection deformation. When laying the plywood, the adjacent board joints are connected by rabbet joint or flat joint splicing to ensure that the surface flatness error of the base mold is controlled within 2 mm. The secondary keel adopts a wooden square with a cross section of 50 mm*100 mm, which is determined based on the bending modulus and allowable stress of wood and can bear the linear load transmitted by the base mold. The secondary keel is arranged at an interval of 300 mm along the beam width direction, which is determined based on the maximum allowable deflection of the base mold and the bearing capacity of the secondary keel. The base mold and the secondary keel are fixed by bolt connection, and the bolt specification is usually M10 or M12 with an interval of 200-300 mm to ensure reliable connection and facilitate removal. The surface elevation accuracy of the base mold is checked by using a level and a line, and the error is controlled within 5 mm. The purpose of this step is to establish the first level force transmission structure to realize the effective conversion of surface load to linear load and to provide a flat and reliable bearing surface for concrete pouring.

[0045] The specific implementation of step S05 is to install the main keel and the back rib system based on the composite beam theory to build the second level force transmission structure to realize further load concentration and transmission. The main keel adopts a double-spliced wooden square with a cross section of 50 mm*100 mm, which is connected by bolts or hoops to form a composite section, effectively improving the bending stiffness and bearing capacity. The main keel is arranged at an interval of 450 mm along the beam length direction, which is determined based on the maximum span bearing capacity of the secondary keel and the bearing capacity of the main keel itself. The back rib is made of plywood with a thickness of 18 mm, which plays a role in enhancing the stability of the main keel and load dispersion. The reliable connection between the back rib and the secondary keel is realized by U-shaped buckles, and the buckle interval is usually 400-600 mm to ensure the continuity of force transmission. The installation accuracy of the main keel is checked by using a line plummet and a level, and the straightness error is controlled within 1 / 400 of the span, and the elevation error is controlled within 5 mm. Pre-tightening bolts are used to apply pre-stress to the main keel to eliminate the connection gap and improve the overall stiffness of the system. Based on the composite member theory in structural mechanics, this step realizes the efficient conversion of linear load to point load through the reasonable configuration of double-spliced wooden square and back rib system, which creates favorable conditions for the force transmission of the vertical rod layer.

[0046] The specific implementation of step S06 is to perform quantitative analysis and optimization adjustment of the force transmission performance of the support system by using the force transmission efficiency evaluation equation set. The force transmission efficiency evaluation is based on graph theory and structure optimization theory, and abstracts the support system as a force transmission network composed of nodes and edges. The path efficiency equation input parameters include the force transmission path length value, the rod section area value, the material strength value (usually 215-355 MPa for steel and 12-16 MPa for wood), the node connection coefficient value (usually 0.85-0.95), and the load concentration value. The output is the path force transmission efficiency coefficient and the bearing safety factor. The coordination equation input parameters include the adjacent path stiffness ratio value, the node displacement value, the load distribution coefficient value, the material Poisson's ratio value (about 0.3 for steel and about 0.4 for wood), and the temperature influence coefficient value. The output is the inter-path coordination coefficient and the load redistribution proportion value. When the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient calculated is less than 0.72, it indicates that the force transmission efficiency is low and needs to be optimized and adjusted. The force transmission efficiency can be improved by reducing the support arrangement spacing value, usually adjusted to 80-90% of the original spacing, or increasing the rod size parameters, such as upgrading 50mm*100mm to 50mm*120mm. The iterative calculation method is used to repeat the evaluation until the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient reaches the qualified standard of more than 0.72. The purpose of this step is to identify the weak links of force transmission through quantitative evaluation, and to realize the fine optimization design of the support system.

[0047] The specific implementation of step S07 is to perform overall acceptance and performance verification of the support system by using the hierarchical loading test method. This process is based on structure test theory and load safety evaluation principle. First, the appearance quality of the support system is checked, including the rod connection firmness, node position accuracy, overall verticality and horizontality, and other geometric parameter acceptance. Then, the hierarchical load test is implemented. The test load is applied in stages according to 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the design load, each stage of load lasts for not less than 10 minutes, and the deformation response of the key nodes is monitored by displacement meters and strain gauges. The test load usually uses sand bags or water bags to simulate concrete load, ensuring the uniformity and controllability of load distribution. The deflection and stress values of the bottom mold layer, secondary keel layer, main keel layer and vertical rod layer are measured under each level of load to verify whether the bearing performance values of the multi-level force transmission chain meet the design requirements. When the maximum deflection of each level under 100% design load is not more than 1 / 400 of the allowable value of the span, and the residual deformation after unloading is less than 20% of the maximum deformation, it indicates that the support system is qualified. The complete force transmission system from the bottom mold layer to the secondary keel layer to the main keel layer to the vertical rod layer is formed through the test verification, ensuring the coordination work and load effective transmission of each force transmission level. The purpose of this step is to verify the correctness and safety of the multi-level force transmission design through actual load test, and to provide reliable guarantee for concrete pouring construction.

[0048] It should be noted that the key technical idea of the present application is analyzed as follows.

[0049] The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm technology adopts an intelligent optimization method combining graph theory and genetic algorithm, and has significant advantages compared with the traditional support design method based on experience and simplified calculation. The traditional method mainly relies on engineering experience and local stress analysis, often leading to unreasonable support arrangement, and there are redundant or weak links in the force transmission path. The application abstracts the support system into a network graph structure, and uses Dijkstra algorithm to find the optimal force transmission path with the force transmission efficiency coefficient as the weight, which can systematically analyze all possible force transmission combinations and automatically identify the path layout with the highest bearing efficiency. Combined with the global optimization ability of genetic algorithm, the support node position and rod parameters are iteratively optimized through selection, crossover and mutation operations, avoiding the defects of traditional methods that are prone to local optimization, and significantly improving the overall force transmission efficiency and material utilization of the support system.

[0050] The multi-level force transmission analysis model technology is based on the hierarchical analysis theory of structural mechanics, and divides the complex support system into four interacting bearing levels according to the mechanical transmission characteristics. Compared with the traditional method of simplifying the support system as a single force model, this technology can accurately describe the load transmission mechanism and deformation coordination relationship between different levels. By establishing load distribution equations and deformation coordination equations, the stress state and deformation characteristics of each level are accurately calculated, avoiding the defects of ignoring the interaction between levels in traditional simplified analysis. The model can identify the key control links in the force transmission chain, providing a scientific basis for targeted optimization of the support system, and has higher analysis accuracy and design rationality compared with traditional methods.

[0051] The force transmission efficiency evaluation and dynamic adjustment technology establishes a quantitative support performance evaluation system, and realizes accurate quantitative evaluation of force transmission performance through path efficiency equation and coordination equation. The traditional method mainly controls support safety through safety factor, and lacks quantitative evaluation means for force transmission efficiency, which can easily cause overdesign or uneven force transmission problems. The application introduces the force transmission efficiency coefficient as a dimensionless evaluation index, which can objectively reflect the pros and cons of the support system's force transmission performance. When the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient is lower than the threshold value of 0.72, the system can automatically identify and start the dynamic adjustment mechanism to improve the force transmission efficiency by optimizing the support spacing and rod specification parameters, realizing fine control and dynamic optimization of support design.

[0052] The synergy of the above three key technical ideas forms a complete intelligent support design system. The multi-level force transmission analysis model provides an accurate mechanical analysis basis, the force transmission efficiency evaluation and dynamic adjustment technology realizes quantitative performance evaluation and real-time optimization, and the multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm provides a global optimization means. The three work together to form a closed-loop technical system from model establishment, performance evaluation to optimization design. Compared with the traditional support design method based on experience and simplified analysis, the collaborative technical system can significantly improve the scientificity and rationality of the design, realize the dual goals of maximum bearing efficiency and minimum material consumption of the support system, and provide a systematic intelligent solution for large-span beam formwork support engineering.

[0053] It should be noted that the present application also solves the technical problem that the lack of scientific basis for the arrangement of support rods in the large-span beam formwork support system leads to low material use efficiency. The traditional support method mainly relies on construction experience and specification requirements for rod arrangement, and cannot accurately calculate the actual stress state of each support rod, resulting in overcapacity of some rods and potential safety hazards for another part of the rods, and low overall material utilization. The present application establishes a force transmission efficiency weight matrix between nodes through a multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm, uses Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest force transmission path, and iteratively optimizes the support node position and rod parameters through genetic algorithm, which can accurately determine the best specification and arrangement position of each support rod, and realize efficient configuration of materials. The present application also solves the technical problem of insufficient deformation control precision of the large-span beam formwork support system. The traditional method lacks quantitative analysis of the deformation coordination of each support level, which is prone to uneven settlement and excessive local deformation. The present application calculates the deflection and interlayer displacement of each force transmission level through the deformation coordination equation, analyzes the deformation coordination between each force transmission path through the coordination equation, ensures the deformation coordination consistency of the entire support system under load, effectively controls the structural deformation and improves the construction quality.

[0054] Specifically, the principle of the present application is that the present application can solve the technical problems of unclear force transmission path and low load transmission efficiency based on the scientific application of multi-level force transmission analysis theory and numerical optimization algorithm. The present application divides the complex support system into four interactive load bearing levels according to the mechanical transmission level, each level has clear stress characteristics and force transmission mechanism, the load distribution and transmission ratio between each level are determined by the load distribution equation in the force transmission path calculation equation set, the deformation compatibility equation ensures the consistency of each level under the action of load, thereby establishing a clear force transmission path. The present application uses the load bearing performance evaluation equation set of the support system, the path efficiency equation evaluates the bearing efficiency and load transmission capacity of the force transmission path, the coordination equation analyzes the deformation compatibility and load redistribution characteristics between the force transmission paths, and the quantitative index of the force transmission efficiency coefficient realizes the accurate control of the support performance. The present application adopts a multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm based on the shortest path algorithm in graph theory, abstracts the support system into a network structure of nodes and edges, uses Dijkstra algorithm to find the optimal force transmission path with force transmission efficiency coefficient as weight, combines genetic algorithm for global optimization of support arrangement, and obtains the support arrangement scheme with the highest force transmission efficiency through iterative calculation. The technical scheme of the present application realizes the accurate identification of the force transmission path and the significant improvement of the force transmission efficiency through the organic combination of theoretical modeling, numerical calculation and optimization algorithm, and ensures the safety and reliability of the large-span beam formwork support system.

[0055] A specific embodiment 1 of the present application is provided below, and the specific implementation of each step in embodiment 1 is described in detail as follows.

[0056] The specific implementation of step S01 is the same as the foregoing, the complete three-dimensional geometric data of the large-span beam structure is obtained through the building information model technology, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the geometric center of the beam structure as the origin is established, and accurate spatial positioning reference is provided for subsequent support system design, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The specific implementation of step S02 is to establish a multi-level force transmission analysis model using hierarchical structural mechanics analysis theory, wherein the force transmission path calculation equation set includes load distribution equation and deformation compatibility equation. The specific representation of the load distribution equation is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, is the distribution load value of the i-th node of the j-th force transmission level, with unit of kilonewton; is the stiffness coefficient between the i-th node and the k-th node of the j-th force transmission level, with unit of kilonewton per millimeter; is the load value of the kth node of the (j-1)th force transfer level, in kilo Newton; n is the total number of nodes of the force transfer level; and l is the node index variable in the denominator summation; is the self-weight distribution coefficient of the ith node of the jth force transfer level, dimensionless; is the self-weight load of the ith node of the jth force transfer level, in kilo Newton.

[0060] The specific expression of the deformation compatibility equation is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, δ is the deflection value of the ith node of the jth force transfer level, in millimeter; is the transferred load between the ith node and the kth node of the jth force transfer level, in kilo Newton; L ik is the length of the bar between the ith node and the kth node, in millimeter; is the elastic modulus of the bar between the ith node and the kth node of the jth force transfer level, in mega Pascal; is the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the bar, in millimeter to the fourth power; and m is the number of bar connections; is the temperature influence coefficient, in millimeter per degree Celsius; and ΔT is the temperature difference, in degree Celsius; is the linear expansion coefficient of the bar, in per degree Celsius.

[0063] The specific implementation of step S03 is the same as the foregoing, and the disc-type steel pipe support frame body is erected according to the space truss structure principle, and a reliable multi-level force transfer network basic structure is formed through accurate assembly of standardized components, which will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The specific implementation of step S04 is the same as the foregoing, and the bottom die and the secondary keel system are installed according to the composite beam structure design principle to form the first-level load bearing and transfer structure, and to realize effective conversion of the surface load to the linear load, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] The specific implementation of step S05 is the same as the foregoing, and the main keel and the back ridge system are installed based on the composite beam theory to construct the second-level force transfer structure to realize further concentration and transfer of the load, and to realize efficient conversion of the linear load to the point load, which will not be described in detail here.

[0066] The specific implementation of step S06 is to perform quantitative analysis and optimization adjustment of the support system force transfer performance by using the force transfer efficiency evaluation equation set. The specific expression of the path efficiency equation is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, η pη is the path force transmission efficiency coefficient, dimensionless, numerical range is 0 to 1; A s A is the cross-sectional area of the s-th segment of the rod, unit: square millimeter; f s f is the strength value of the s-th segment of the rod material, unit: megapascal; μ s μ is the node connection coefficient of the s-th segment of the rod, dimensionless, numerical range is 0.85 to 0.95; L s L is the length of the s-th segment of the rod, unit: millimeter; C s C is the load concentration value of the s-th segment of the rod, unit: kilonewton per square millimeter; λ s λ is the safety factor of the s-th segment of the rod, dimensionless; h norm h is the total number of force transmission path rods; ω ω is a dimensionless coefficient, calculated by to ensure that the efficiency coefficient is in the range of 0 to 1.

[0069] When the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient does not meet the design requirements, the following optimization adjustment formula is used:

[0070] S new =S old ·κ s , when η p <0.72;

[0071] D new =D old ·κ d , when η p <0.72;

[0072] In the formula, S new is the adjusted support arrangement spacing value, unit: millimeter; S old is the support arrangement spacing value before adjustment, unit: millimeter; κ s is the spacing adjustment coefficient, dimensionless, numerical range is 0.8 to 0.9; D new D is the rod specification parameter after adjustment, unit: millimeter; D old is the rod specification parameter before adjustment, unit: millimeter; κ d is the rod specification adjustment coefficient, dimensionless, usually 1.1 to 1.3.

[0073] The specific expression of the coordination equation is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, ξ c is the path coordination coefficient, dimensionless; u is the number of adjacent force transmission paths; K r K is the stiffness value of the r-th path, unit: kilonewton per millimeter; u rDisplacement value of the rth path node, unit: mm; σ r Displacement standard deviation of the rth path, unit: mm; φ r Load distribution coefficient of the rth path, dimensionless; v r Poisson's ratio of the rth path material, dimensionless.

[0076] The specific implementation of step S07 is the same as the foregoing, and the hierarchical loading test method is used to perform overall acceptance and performance verification on the support system, and the correctness and safety of the multi-level force transmission design are verified through the actual load test, which will not be described in detail here.

[0077] The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm is based on the shortest path algorithm and genetic algorithm in graph theory, and the specific implementation process is as follows. First, a force transmission efficiency weight matrix is established, which is specifically represented as follows:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, W is the force transmission efficiency weight matrix, and z is the total number of support nodes; w ij is the force transmission efficiency weight value from the ith node to the jth node, which is calculated by the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, η p，ij is the force transmission efficiency coefficient of a single segment rod between the ith node and the jth node, which is calculated by the simplified path efficiency equation , wherein the meanings of the parameters are the same as those of the path efficiency equation but only for a single segment rod; x i , y i , z i are the spatial coordinate position values of the ith node, unit: mm; ω norm，ij is the dimensionless coefficient of a single segment rod.

[0082] The optimal force transmission path sequence is solved by Dijkstra's algorithm, and the distance update formula is:

[0083] d[v] = min(d[v], d[u] + w uv );

[0084] In the formula, d[v] is the shortest distance from the starting node to node v; d[u] is the shortest distance from the starting node to node u; w uv is the weight value of node u to node v.

[0085] The fitness function of the genetic algorithm is represented as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, F(x) is the individual fitness value; η p，q is the efficiency coefficient of the qth force transmission path; η target is the target efficiency coefficient, taking a value of 0.72; t is the total number of force transmission paths; p is the material usage penalty coefficient, dimensionless; V total is the total amount of supporting material, in cubic meters.

[0088] The load distribution equation is based on the force balance principle and the stiffness distribution theorem, and realizes the reasonable distribution of loads among the various force transmission levels through the proportional relationship of the stiffness coefficients, so as to ensure that each force transmission level bears a load share matching its stiffness and avoid the occurrence of local overload. The deformation compatibility equation is based on the structural deformation compatibility theory, and controls the deflection values of the various force transmission levels to ensure the consistent deformation of the overall structure and prevent stress redistribution and structural instability caused by inconsistent deformation. Compared with the traditional empirical design method, the deformation of each level can be accurately calculated and quantitatively controlled. The path efficiency equation establishes a quantitative evaluation model of force transmission efficiency by comprehensively considering multiple factors such as the cross-sectional area of the member, the material strength, the node connection efficiency and the length of the force transmission path, so as to accurately identify the weak links of force transmission and guide the optimization and adjustment, and realize the accurate quantification of force transmission performance compared with the qualitative analysis method. The compatibility equation uses a Gaussian kernel function to describe the compatibility relationship between adjacent force transmission paths, and reflects the degree of mutual influence between the paths through an exponential decay function of displacement difference, which can more accurately describe the complex coupling effect between the paths compared with the simple linear compatibility model. The Dijkstra algorithm updates the shortest distance step by step through the dynamic programming idea to ensure that the globally optimal force transmission path is found, which has higher solution accuracy and stability compared with the heuristic search method. The fitness function of the genetic algorithm balances the two objectives of force transmission efficiency and material usage to realize the multi-objective optimization design of the support system, which can obtain a design scheme with better comprehensive performance compared with the single-objective optimization method. The optimization and adjustment formula S new =S old ·K s and D new =D old ·K d The self-adaptive adjustment mechanism based on force transmission efficiency feedback realizes the accurate optimization of support parameters through quantitative adjustment coefficients, which has higher scientificity and repeatability compared with the empirical adjustment method.

[0089] In order to better understand and implement the present application, the following provides an embodiment 2 of a specific application scenario of the present application: the traditional support scheme has problems such as unclear force transmission path, excessive use of support material, and difficult to guarantee construction precision in such large-span beam engineering, and the technical team decides to use the multi-level force transmission construction method of the present application to solve these technical difficulties.

[0090] The technical team first obtains complete three-dimensional geometric data of the large-span beam structure through building information modeling technology, and establishes a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the geometric center of the beam structure as the origin. Through model analysis algorithm, the beam length value 24000mm, the beam height value 1200mm, and the beam width value 800mm are automatically extracted, and the position coordinates of 33 key support points of the beam structure are identified. The finite element analysis method is used to calculate the load distribution value of the beam structure in the concrete pouring process. The concrete pouring load is 25.0kN / m 3 , the construction live load is 3.5kPa, the vibrating load is 2.0kPa, and the plywood self weight is 0.4kPa. Based on these data, a spatial coordinate system for support system design is established, providing accurate geometric and load input conditions for subsequent multi-level force transmission analysis.

[0091] Based on the hierarchical structural mechanics analysis theory, the technical team establishes a multi-level force transmission analysis model, which divides the support system into four force transmission levels: the base mold layer, the secondary keel layer, the main keel layer, and the vertical rod layer. The base mold layer, as the force bearing surface directly subjected to concrete load, bears the surface load and converts it into linear load to be transmitted to the secondary keel layer. The secondary keel layer bears the linear load transmitted by the base mold and converts it into point load to be transmitted to the main keel layer. The main keel layer receives the point load and redistributes it as multiple concentrated forces to be transmitted to the vertical rod layer. The vertical rod layer, as the final load bearing level, transmits all loads to the foundation. The load distribution equation in the force transmission path calculation equation set inputs the concrete pouring load 25.0kN / m 3 , the construction live load 3.5kPa, the plywood self weight 0.4kPa, the wood square elastic modulus 9000MPa, the steel elastic modulus 206000MPa, and the node connection stiffness coefficient 0.90, and calculates the distribution load values and support reaction force values of each force transmission level. The deformation compatibility equation ensures that each level has coordinated vertical displacement under load, and inputs the elastic modulus, cross-sectional moment of inertia, and rod length of each force transmission level, and outputs the deflection values and interlayer displacement values of each force transmission level.

[0092] As shown in Figure 2 , the technical team sets up a disc-type steel pipe support frame according to the principle of spatial truss structure. The vertical rod spacing is set to 750mm, and the horizontal rod spacing is set to 1350mm. The verticality error of the vertical rods is controlled within 1 / 500, and the horizontal error of the horizontal rods is controlled within 1 / 400 through geometric measurement. An adjustable top support is set at the top of the frame, with an adjustment range of 300mm, for precise control of the support height. Diagonal bracing and scissors bracing are used to form a spatial stable structure, significantly improving the overall lateral deformation resistance. The entire support frame uses 162 vertical rods, 286 horizontal rods, and 48 diagonal bracing rods, forming a stable multi-level force transmission network foundation structure.

[0093] During the installation of the base mold and keel system, the technical team used plywood with a thickness of 18 mm as the base mold. The adjacent boards were connected using tongue-and-groove joints to ensure that the surface flatness error of the base mold was within 2 mm. The keel was made of a wooden square with a cross-section of 50 mm x 100 mm, arranged at an interval of 300 mm along the beam width, with a total of 67 keels. The base mold and keel were fixed using M12 bolt connections with a bolt spacing of 250 mm to ensure reliable connection. The surface elevation accuracy of the base mold was checked using a level, with an error of within 3 mm. This stage established the first level of force transmission structure, effectively converting the surface load into linear load.

[0094] During the installation of the main keel and back ridge system, the technical team used double-pitched wooden squares with a cross-section of 50 mm x 100 mm as the main keel, which were connected using M16 bolts to form a combined cross-section, effectively improving the bending stiffness. The main keel was arranged at an interval of 450 mm along the beam length, with a total of 54 main keels. The back ridge was made of plywood with a thickness of 18 mm, connected to the keel using U-shaped buckles with a buckle spacing of 500 mm. The installation accuracy of the main keel was checked using a line plummet, with a straightness error of within 1 / 400 of the span and an elevation error of within 4 mm. Pre-tightening bolts were used to apply pre-stress to the main keel, eliminating the connection gap and improving the overall stiffness of the system.

[0095] As shown in Figure 3 , the technical team used the force transmission efficiency evaluation equation set to quantitatively analyze the force transmission performance of the support system. The path efficiency equation inputs the path length, cross-sectional area of the rod, and material strength values, with steel strength taken as 235 MPa, wood strength taken as 14 MPa, and node connection coefficient taken as 0.92. The output is the path force transmission efficiency coefficient and the bearing safety factor. The coordination equation inputs the adjacent path stiffness ratio, node displacement, load distribution coefficient, material Poisson's ratio (steel 0.30, wood 0.38), and outputs the path coordination coefficient and load redistribution proportion value. The initial calculation shows that the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient is 0.68, which is less than the standard requirement of 0.72. The technical team adjusted the spacing between the vertical rods to 650 mm and upgraded the main keel to 50 mm x 120 mm. After re-calculation, the main force transmission path efficiency coefficient increased to 0.76, meeting the design requirements.

[0096] The application of multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm is the technical highlight of this construction. The technical team abstracted the support system as a network structure containing 198 nodes and 342 edges, calculated the spatial coordinate position of each support node, the bending stiffness, axial stiffness, bearing capacity, and node connection stiffness of the rod, and established the force transmission efficiency weight matrix between nodes. The

[0097] Dijkstra algorithm calculates the shortest force transmission path from 33 load points to 162 foundation support points, and obtains the optimal force transmission path sequence. Through the selection, crossover and mutation operations of genetic algorithm, the support node position coordinates and the rod parameters are iteratively optimized for 100 generations, and finally the support arrangement scheme with a force transmission efficiency coefficient of 0.82 is obtained. Compared with the initial scheme, the optimized support arrangement reduces the use of vertical rods by 23 and the use of horizontal rods by 41, significantly improving the economy and safety of the support system.

[0098] In the overall acceptance stage of the support system, the technical team verifies the bearing performance of the multi-level force transmission chain by using the staged loading test method. First, the appearance quality inspection is carried out, including the fastness of rod connection, the accuracy of node position, the overall verticality and horizontality acceptance, and all geometric parameters meet the design requirements. Then, the staged load test is implemented, and the test load is applied in stages according to 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the design load, and each stage of load lasts for 15 minutes. Sand bags are used to simulate concrete load to ensure the uniformity of load distribution. Under the action of each level of load, the deflection and stress response of the key nodes are measured, and the maximum deflection of the bottom mold layer is 12.3mm, the maximum deflection of the secondary keel layer is 8.7mm, the maximum deflection of the main keel layer is 6.2mm, and the maximum deflection of the vertical rod layer is 4.1mm, all of which do not exceed the allowable value of 1 / 400 of the corresponding span. The residual deformation after unloading under 100% design load is less than 15% of the maximum deformation, indicating that the support system is qualified.

[0099] As shown in Table 1, the comparison data of various technical indicators of the support system before and after optimization clearly reflects the superiority of the technical scheme of the application:

[0100] Table 1 Comparison of technical indicators of support system before and after optimization

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] During the concrete pouring process, the support system shows good bearing performance and stability. The pouring process is carried out in a layered and segmented manner, with each layer poured to a thickness of less than 500mm, and the vibration time is controlled within 20-30s. During the entire pouring process, the support system has no abnormal deformation, and each force transmission level works in coordination, and the load transmission path is clear and reliable. After pouring is completed, the maximum deflection of the bottom mold surface is 11.8mm, which meets the surface quality requirements of concrete structures.

[0104] The demolding process also embodies the technical advantages of the multi-level force transmission system. Due to the clear stress characteristics and force transmission mechanism of each force transmission level, the demolding sequence can be performed in reverse, avoiding the stress mutation phenomenon in the traditional demolding process. First, part of the components of the vertical rod layer are removed, then the main keel layer, the secondary keel layer, and finally the bottom mold layer. The entire demolding process is smooth and orderly, without component damage or safety accidents, and the reusability of the components after demolding is more than 95%.

[0105] The technical progress brought by the present application relative to the traditional support means mainly lies in the systematic optimization of the force transmission mechanism. The traditional support scheme mostly uses empirical design methods, and the support arrangement lacks systematic analysis, the force transmission path is not clear, and local stress concentration and uneven load distribution phenomena are prone to occur. The present application divides the complex support system into four mutually coupled bearing levels through a multi-level force transmission analysis model, each level has clear stress characteristics and force transmission mechanism, and realizes the hierarchical transmission and optimized distribution of loads. The force transmission path calculation equation set is based on the mechanical equilibrium principle and deformation compatibility theory, which ensures the coordinated work of each force transmission level under load, avoiding the common deformation incoordination problem in traditional schemes. The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm uses the combination of graph theory and genetic algorithm to abstract the support system as a network structure for global optimization, automatically identifies the optimal force transmission path, overcomes the limitations of traditional empirical design, and realizes the fine and intelligent design of the support system. The force transmission efficiency evaluation equation set provides a quantitative performance evaluation method, which comprehensively analyzes the support system through the path efficiency equation and coordination equation, provides a scientific basis for design optimization, and changes the extensive design mode of traditional schemes relying on experience.

[0106] It should be noted that the variables involved in the present application are explained in detail as shown in Table 2.

[0107] Table 2 Variable Explanation Table (First Part)

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] Table 3 Variable Explanation Table (Second Part)

[0111]

[0112] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system, characterized in that: This includes obtaining three-dimensional model data of large-span beam structures, extracting beam length values, beam height values, beam width values, support point position coordinates and load distribution values ​​to establish a spatial coordinate system for the support system; establishing a multi-level force transmission analysis model, dividing the support system into four force transmission levels: bottom formwork layer, secondary keel layer, main keel layer and vertical pole layer, and using the force transmission path calculation equation group to analyze the load transfer relationship between each force transmission level; setting up a disc-type steel pipe support frame, setting the vertical pole spacing value within the interval, setting the horizontal pole spacing value within the interval, and setting an adjustable top support on the top to form a multi-level force transmission network infrastructure structure; Install the base formwork and secondary keel system; install the main keel and back rib system; use the force transmission efficiency evaluation equation group to calculate the load-bearing capacity and deformation coordination values ​​of each force transmission path. When the efficiency coefficient of the main force transmission path is less than the threshold, adjust the support layout spacing value and rod specification parameters; Conduct overall acceptance and load testing of the support system, verify the load-bearing performance of the multi-level force transmission chain through graded loading, and form a complete force transmission system from the bottom formwork layer to the secondary keel layer to the main keel layer to the vertical pole layer; Through the multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm based on the shortest path algorithm in graph theory, the support system is abstracted into a network structure of nodes and edges. The force transmission efficiency coefficient is used as the weight, and the Dijkstra algorithm is used to find the optimal force transmission path. The support layout is globally optimized in combination with the genetic algorithm. All possible force transmission path combinations are systematically analyzed, and the path layout with the highest load-bearing efficiency value is automatically identified.

2. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-level force transmission analysis model specifically divides the complex support system into four interacting load-bearing levels according to the mechanical transmission level, and each load-bearing level has clear force characteristics and force transmission mechanism.

3. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The force transmission path calculation equation group includes a load distribution equation and a deformation coordination equation; the load distribution equation is used to calculate the load distribution value and transfer ratio value between each force transmission level, and the deformation coordination equation is used to ensure the deformation coordination consistency of each force transmission level under the action of load.

4. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The load distribution equation specifically inputs the concrete pouring load value, the construction live load value, the plywood deadweight value, the support rod stiffness value and the node connection stiffness value, and outputs the distributed load value and support reaction force value of each force transmission level.

5. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The deformation coordination equation specifically inputs the elastic modulus values, section inertia moment values, member length values, constraint condition parameters and load condition parameters of the rods at each force transmission level, and outputs the deflection values ​​and inter-layer displacement values ​​of each force transmission level.

6. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The force transmission efficiency evaluation equation group includes a path efficiency equation and a coordination equation; the path efficiency equation is used to evaluate the load-bearing efficiency value and load transfer capacity value of the force transmission path, and the coordination equation is used to analyze the deformation coordination value and load redistribution characteristic value between each force transmission path.

7. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The path efficiency equation specifically inputs the force transmission path length value, the rod cross-sectional area value, the material strength value, the node connection coefficient value and the load concentration value, and outputs the path force transmission efficiency coefficient and the load safety factor.

8. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The coordination equation specifically inputs the values ​​of the stiffness ratio of adjacent paths, the displacement of nodes, the load distribution coefficient, the Poisson's ratio of materials, and the temperature influence coefficient, and outputs the values ​​of the coordination coefficient between paths and the load redistribution ratio.

9. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The force transmission efficiency coefficient is specifically a dimensionless indicator for quantitatively evaluating the force transmission performance of the support system. The value range is within the interval, and the higher the value, the better the force transmission efficiency.

10. The multi-level force transmission construction method for a large-span beam formwork support system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The multi-level force transmission path optimization algorithm specifically establishes a force transmission efficiency weight matrix between nodes by calculating the spatial coordinate position value of each support node, the bending stiffness value of the rod, the axial stiffness value, the bearing capacity value and the node connection stiffness value.

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