Detachable magneto-rheological damping device, assembling method and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a detachable magnetorheological damping device, an assembling method and a using method. The damping device comprises a cylinder body assembly and an elastic barrel which are located between a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, the cylinder body assembly is provided with a damping cylinder body, a piston and a first supporting rod, and the piston is located in a closed cavity and can be blocked and buffered when moving; the upper end of the first supporting rod extends out to be connected with the first connecting plate; and the elastic barrel sleeves the outer side of the cylinder body assembly and is of a negative Poisson's ratio structure, and the upper and lower ends of the elastic barrel are detachably connected with the corresponding connecting plates. The cylinder body assembly can be protected, the risk that the cylinder body assembly is polluted by the environment or collides with other parts, rubs with the other parts and is damaged physically is reduced, the elastic barrel has the advantages of being high in energy absorption and light in weight, the elastic barrel is matched with the cylinder body assembly in a cooperative mode, external excitation causing vibration or transmitted vibration energy can be effectively resisted, and the service life of the cylinder body assembly is prolonged. And the overall vibration reduction and buffering capacity is improved, and the device is suitable for being used in special fields.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, in particular to a detachable magnetorheological shock absorbing device, an assembly method and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shock absorbing device matches the shock absorber with the spring and is installed between adjacent moving parts to achieve the purpose of shock absorption, that is, the spring is used for support and absorbs impact energy through compression and rebound, and the shock absorber utilizes the hydraulic resistance (damping force) generated by the precise valve system to control the oil flow, thereby effectively controlling the spring movement to achieve the effect of shock absorption. The conventional oil shock absorber mainly consumes vibration energy through the viscous resistance of oil flow, has problems of unadjustable damping or difficult dynamic adjustment, high temperature sensitivity and slow response time, and is suitable for daily shock absorption use. The magnetorheological shock absorber has the characteristics of large output damping force, fast response speed and low energy consumption, and not only plays a good role in vehicle suspension, but also is suitable for civil engineering and military fields, such as anti-ground vibration shock absorber, helicopter landing gear shock absorber and recoil shock absorber. At present, although the shock absorbing device using the magnetorheological shock absorber can realize dynamic damping adjustment according to different working conditions, there are still some problems: 1. The magnetorheological shock absorber has limited stiffness, and in the process of cooperating with the elastic element, the traditional spring element such as metal coil spring has poor cooperative effect, and there are limitations in energy absorption efficiency, lightweight and nonlinear stiffness design, such as the stiffness of the traditional spring is approximately linear (F=kx), the initial stiffness is high, and it is difficult to dynamically coordinate with the magnetorheological shock absorber; 2. The main body of the magnetorheological shock absorber lacks effective protection, that is, during the use of the magnetorheological shock absorber, due to the influence of the use environment, the magnetorheological shock absorber cylinder body has problems of environmental pollution or collision, friction and other physical damage with other parts, which affects its reliability and service life; for example, the piston rod is slidingly inserted in the working cylinder, and one end of the piston rod in the working cylinder is fixedly connected with the piston in the Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN212272917U; the working cylinder lacks effective protection; 3. In order to improve the absorption of vibration energy, multiple springs need to be installed at different positions, such as the inner side and the outer side of the cylinder body, which causes the overall installation to be relatively cumbersome, and further, the integrated design of the shock absorbing device leads to the need for overall disassembly for maintenance and replacement, which is high in maintenance cost and inconvenient, such as the spring and the shock absorber cylinder are welded or riveted through the end cover to form a rigid whole, so destructive disassembly is needed during maintenance, which is long in maintenance time and high in cost. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a detachable magneto-rheological damping device, which can protect the cylinder assembly, reduce the risk of physical damage such as environmental pollution or collision and friction with other components, and improve the overall damping and vibration reduction capacity through the cooperation of the elastic cylinder body and the cylinder assembly, and is suitable for use in special fields.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the detachable magneto-rheological damping device comprises a cylinder assembly having a damping cylinder, a piston and a first supporting rod; the lower end of the damping cylinder is fixed and has a closed cavity; the piston is located in the closed cavity and can be buffered when moving along the axis of the damping cylinder; the upper end of the first supporting rod is connected with the first connecting plate and the lower end is connected with the piston; an elastic cylinder body which is sleeved outside the cylinder assembly and has a negative Poisson's ratio structure and is detachably connected with the corresponding connecting plates at the upper and lower ends.

[0005] In some examples of the application, the closed cavity is filled with magneto-rheological fluid; a magnet exciting coil is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the piston, and the wires of the magnet exciting coil are led out and controlled by the controller to input current; the cylinder assembly further has a second supporting rod; the upper end of the second supporting rod is connected with the piston, and the lower end extends to the outside after being movably sealed with the damping cylinder.

[0006] In some examples of the application, a sensor for monitoring the vibration state is arranged on the first connecting plate or the second connecting plate; The sensor transmits a monitoring signal to the controller.

[0007] In some examples of the application, the negative Poisson's ratio structure has a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units; Each negative Poisson's ratio unit has a first elastic body and a second elastic body with a self-similar structure; the upper and lower edges of the first elastic body are parallel, and the middle parts of the two side edges are inwardly close to form a funnel shape; the upper and lower edges of the second elastic body are arranged corresponding to the upper and lower edges of the first elastic body; the first elastic bodies in the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units are connected in a circumferential direction and surround a cylinder structure, and are connected in an axial direction in sequence; the second elastic bodies are arranged in a radial direction.

[0008] In some examples of the application, the elastic cylinder body has a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate arranged in an upper and lower interval; the second supporting plate is provided with a through hole through which the cylinder assembly can pass; the first supporting plate and the first connecting plate, and the second supporting plate and the second connecting plate are detachably connected by bolts; the negative Poisson's ratio structure is located between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate.

[0009] In some examples of the present application, a plurality of vertical guide rods are fixed on the second connecting plate; The damping cylinder body is provided with a blind hole with an opening facing upward, and the lower end is supported and fixed by the second connecting plate or the plurality of guide rods, and the blind hole is closed by the end cover to form a closed cavity; Each guide rod is locked and fixed by a nut after passing through the lower end of the damping cylinder body and the end cover.

[0010] In some examples of the present application, a connecting rod is threaded on the first connecting plate; The connecting rod is screwed with the first support rod.

[0011] In some examples of the present application, a first hole is coaxially arranged on the first support rod, and a second hole with an L shape is arranged on the piston, one end of the first hole is communicated with one end of the second hole, and the other end of the second hole faces the excitation coil; The wire of the excitation coil enters from one end of the second hole, passes through the first hole, and then leads out to the outside.

[0012] The present application also aims to provide an assembly method of a detachable magneto-rheological damping device, which can disassemble and assemble the cylinder assembly and the elastic sleeve between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, and can allow quick replacement of the cylinder assembly or the spring sleeve to adapt to different use environments.

[0013] An assembly method of a detachable magneto-rheological damping device, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, installing a cylinder assembly: S1-1, screwing a plurality of guide rods on the second connecting plate, aligning the through hole of the lower end of the damping cylinder body with the guide rods, supporting the lower part of the damping cylinder body by the guide rods or supporting the guide rods by the second connecting plate, and then screwing a nut on the lower part of the guide rods to lock the lower end of the damping cylinder body, thereby completing the fixation of the lower end of the cylinder assembly; S1-2, winding the excitation coil on the piston, leading the wire of the excitation coil out of the second hole and the first hole to the outside and passing a current; The first support rod and the second support rod are connected with the upper and lower ends of the piston, the second support rod is inserted into the appropriate position of the damping cylinder body after being sealed and moving through the damping cylinder body and the piston, the magneto-rheological fluid is injected into the blind hole of the damping cylinder body, the end cover is passed through the plurality of guide rods and the middle part is in contact with the upper end of the blind hole to form a closed cavity, and the sealing property of the closed cavity is guaranteed; The nut is screwed on the upper end of the guide rod to lock the end cover, thereby completing the fixation of the upper end of the cylinder assembly; S2, installing an elastic sleeve: Slowly sleeve the elastic cylinder on the outside of the cylinder assembly, the first support plate and the first connecting plate, the second support plate and the second connecting plate are fixedly connected through bolts, and the connecting rod is threadedly connected with the first support rod during the connection of the first support rod and the first connecting plate, and the connection of the elastic sleeve is completed.

[0014] The application also aims to provide a use method of the detachable magneto-rheological damping device, which can effectively improve the load resistance and damping capacity of the elastic cylinder by cooperating the variable damping cylinder assembly with the elastic cylinder with negative Poisson's ratio structure when vibration occurs, and is suitable for special fields such as civil engineering and military.

[0015] A use method of a detachable magneto-rheological damping device, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected between the components to be damped; S2, initially, the excitation coil can input a certain current, and the magnetic field generated thereby makes the magneto-rheological fluid have a certain stiffness to the piston, and under the action of the elastic cylinder and the cylinder assembly, the components to be damped reach a corresponding balance; S3, when vibration occurs, the first connecting plate drives the elastic cylinder and the cylinder assembly to act: The negative Poisson's ratio structure of the elastic cylinder is compressed or stretched, and the negative Poisson's ratio structure of the three-dimensional structure can be contracted or stretched in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, thereby uniformly bearing external load; The first support rod drives the piston to move in the damping cylinder, the controller receives the signal of the vibration state, increases the input current of the excitation coil, so that the stiffness of the magneto-rheological fluid filled in the damping cylinder increases, the damping force is increased to suppress the shaking, and the purpose of damping and buffering is achieved; S4, when the vibration disappears, the elastic cylinder returns to the initial state, and the controller controls the input current of the excitation coil to decrease and returns to the initial state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the detachable magneto-rheological damping device can not only protect the cylinder assembly, reduce the risk of physical damage such as environmental pollution or collision and friction with other components, but also has the characteristics of high energy absorption and light weight, cooperates better with the cylinder assembly, can effectively resist external excitation or transmitted vibration energy, improve the overall damping and buffering capacity, and is suitable for use in special fields. The first elastic body in the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units is circumferentially staggered and connected to form a cylindrical structure, and is connected in sequence in the axial direction, the second elastic body is arranged in the radial direction, and the three-dimensional structure formed by the mutual combination of the two elastic bodies can shrink or stretch in the circumferential direction and the radial direction when the negative Poisson's ratio structure is compressed or stretched in the axial direction, can uniformly bear external load, and improves the load resistance and vibration damping capacity of the elastic cylinder, and together with the cylinder assembly, provides controllable damping and excellent elastic recovery force; the first support plate and the second support plate in the elastic cylinder and the corresponding connecting plate are connected by bolts, the cylinder assembly can be gradually installed on the second connecting plate, and the first support rod and the first connecting plate are detachably connected, so that the magnetorheological vibration damping device can be disassembled, the cylinder assembly or the spring sleeve can be quickly replaced, and the device is convenient for later maintenance or replacement, so that it is suitable for different use environments, and maintenance cost and time are significantly reduced, and the device is more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a whole schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 is a whole front view of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic view of an elastic cylinder in the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic view of a negative Poisson's ratio unit in the present application; Figure 5 is a front view of a cylinder assembly in the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic view of a cylinder assembly in the present application; In the figure: 11, first connecting plate, 12, second connecting plate, 13, connecting rod, 14, bottom plate; 20, elastic cylinder, 21, negative Poisson's ratio unit, 211, first elastic body, 212, second elastic body, 22, first support plate, 23, second support plate; 31, damping cylinder, 32, piston, 321, second hole, 33, excitation coil, 34, first support rod, 341, first hole, 35, second support rod, 36, magnetorheological fluid, 37, guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the technical scheme of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings of the embodiment of the present application. The same reference signs in the drawings represent the same parts. It should be noted that the described embodiment is part of the embodiment of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein and the claims that follow is not intended to be limiting of the application. In this application, "first," "second," and similar referents used in the description and the claims are not necessarily intended to refer to chronologically as a first or second, but are used merely as labels to distinguish between two "sides" or two "parts" of an item. Similarly, "a" and "one" and "said" and other such phrases do not denote a limitation on the number of entities they describe, but rather are to be read as meaning "at least one" or "one or more." The words "comprise," "comprises," and "comprising" and the like can have the meaning ascribed to them in U.S. patent law and can mean "includes," "included," "including," "includes," "included," "including," and the like. The words "a" or "an" or "the" and "said" or "one" used in the application and the claims are defined as meaning one or more than one, unless specified otherwise or clear from the context to be directed to only one. The term "connected" or "coupled" or "connected" or "coupled" or the like is not necessarily limited to a direct connection or coupling, but can include an indirect connection or coupling.

[0020] The detachable magneto-rheological vibration damping device is vertically installed; As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the detachable magneto-rheological vibration damping device comprises a cylinder assembly between the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12, which has a damping cylinder 31, a piston 32 and a first supporting rod 34. The lower end of the damping cylinder 31 is fixed and has a closed cavity. The piston 32 is located in the closed cavity and moves along the axis of the damping cylinder 31. The upper end of the first supporting rod 34 extends out of the first connecting plate 11 and is connected to the lower end of the piston 32 and can be blocked and buffered when moving. The elastic cylinder 20 is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder assembly and has a negative Poisson's ratio structure and is detachably connected to the corresponding connecting plate at the upper and lower ends. Specifically, the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 are connected between the parts that need to be damped, and can be connected by bolts. In the cylinder assembly, the damping cylinder 31 is located in the middle of the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 and has a closed cavity. The lower end of the first supporting rod 34 is connected to the piston 32 and is used for blocking and buffering. ​The elastic cylinder body 20 has a sleeve structure, is sleeved outside the cylinder assembly, is detachably installed between the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12, can protect the internal cylinder assembly, and reduces the risk of physical damage such as environmental pollution and collision and friction of the cylinder assembly with other components; the elastic cylinder body 20 has a negative Poisson's ratio structure, has the characteristics of high energy absorption and light weight, and thus improves the vibration damping and vibration reduction capacity; the negative Poisson's ratio structure has adjustable nonlinear stiffness characteristics, low stiffness buffering in the initial compression stage and high stiffness bearing in the later stage, can be dynamically coupled with the real-time adjustable damping force of the damper, has good impact resistance, and can avoid the problem of poor cooperative effect caused by the spring element; The detachable magneto-rheological vibration damping device is installed through the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12; on one hand, the first supporting rod 34 can move downward along the axis to be blocked and buffered, and on the other hand, the negative Poisson's ratio structure of the elastic cylinder body 20 can resist the volume reduction when bearing the compression load, so that the volume modulus is significantly improved, the coupling enhances the ability to resist shear deformation, can more effectively resist the external excitation or transmitted vibration energy that causes vibration, and cooperates with the cylinder assembly, so that the overall vibration damping and vibration reduction capacity is improved, and the device is suitable for special fields such as civil engineering and military field.

[0021] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some examples of the present application, the closed cavity is filled with magneto-rheological fluid 36; The cylinder assembly also has a second supporting rod 35; The middle part of the piston 32 is provided with an excitation coil 33, and the lead wire of the excitation coil 33 is led out and controlled by the controller to input current; The second supporting rod 35 is connected to the piston 32 at the upper end and extends to the outside of the damping cylinder 31 after moving sealing with the damping cylinder 31; Specifically, the first supporting rod 34 and the second supporting rod 35 are connected to the upper and lower sides of the piston 32, respectively, and pass through the damping cylinder 31, which can ensure the stability of the piston 32 when moving; the corresponding supporting rods are provided with sealing rings at the contact positions with the damping cylinder 31 to prevent the magneto-rheological fluid 36 from overflowing; The piston 32 can be an "I"-shaped structure, and the middle part is used to install the excitation coil 33; when the excitation coil 33 is energized, it will generate a magnetic field, which can change the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 36, thereby adjusting the damping force of the structure and achieving vibration control and energy dissipation in a wider frequency range; the current of the excitation coil 33 can be adjusted by a controller. The controller is a general term for control, which may include a control unit, a sensor unit for monitoring the physical quantity that the shock absorber needs to respond to, and a current driver for receiving low-power current command signals, etc.; in this example, the elastic cylinder 20 is combined with the magnetorheological fluid 36 vibration damping component to achieve coordinated cooperation between the two, avoiding the limitations of traditional structures in energy absorption efficiency, lightweight, and nonlinear stiffness, and can adjust the current according to the vibration load to achieve the strength of the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 33 in the cylinder assembly, thereby adjusting the damping force of the structure in real time, making it more flexible to use.

[0022] Furthermore, a sensor for monitoring the vibration state is provided on the first connecting plate 11 or the second connecting plate 12; The sensor transmits the monitoring signal to the controller; Specifically, the sensor may be an acceleration sensor, that is, the acceleration sensor is used to monitor the relative acceleration of the first connecting plate 11 or the second connecting plate 12, measure the vibration acceleration through the acceleration sensor, and provide real-time feedback of the vibration intensity and frequency, thereby determining the current vibration state; Alternatively, the sensor may be a displacement sensor, i.e., a displacement sensor for monitoring the displacement or relative displacement of the first connecting plate 11 or the second connecting plate, and may be an inductive or laser displacement sensor for detecting the movement displacement of the piston 32 or the corresponding connecting plate; Alternatively, the sensor may be a speed sensor, which measures the speed of the moving part by means of a Hall effect or magnetoelectric sensor; Initially, a certain current can be input into the excitation coil 33, and the generated magnetic field makes the magnetorheological fluid 36 have a certain stiffness on the piston 32; when vibration occurs, the sensor transmits the monitored data to the controller, and the controller can determine the vibration state through the measured data. Taking the acceleration sensor as an example, when the acceleration is detected to increase or exceed a certain set range, the controller increases the current passed into the excitation coil 33 after receiving the signal, and adjusts the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 33, so that the stiffness of the magnetic fluid filled in the vibration reduction cylinder 31 is increased, and the damping force is increased to suppress shaking; when the acceleration decreases or is lower than a certain set range, the controller receives the signal and reduces the current passed into the excitation coil 33 until it returns to the initial state; In this example, the vibration state of the vibration reduction device is monitored in real time by a sensor, and the controller controls the excitation coil 33 to pass current after receiving the corresponding signal, thereby achieving real-time adjustment of the variable stiffness of the magnetic fluid.

[0023] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown in the drawings, in some examples of the present application, the negative Poisson's ratio structure is in the shape of a cylinder and has a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 21. Each negative Poisson's ratio unit 21 has a first elastic body 211 and a second elastic body 212 with a self-similar structure. The upper and lower edges of the first elastic body 211 are parallel, and the middle portions of the two side edges converge inward to form a funnel shape; the upper and lower edges of the second elastic body 212 are arranged correspondingly intersecting the upper and lower edges of the first elastic body 211. The first elastic bodies 211 in the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units 21 are connected in a circumferential direction with a staggered arrangement and surround the cylinder structure, and are connected in an axial direction in sequence; the second elastic bodies 212 are arranged in a radial direction. Specifically, the negative Poisson's ratio structure adopts a three-dimensional structure formed by the combination of the first elastic body 211 and the second elastic body 212, and the self-similar structure first elastic body 211 and the second elastic body 212 are arranged perpendicularly to each other. When the negative Poisson's ratio structure is subjected to pressure or tension in the axial direction, the negative Poisson's ratio structure can contract or stretch in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, can uniformly bear external load, and can improve the load resistance and vibration damping capacity of the elastic cylinder 20, and together with the cylinder assembly, can provide controllable damping and excellent elastic restoring force.

[0024] As shown in the drawings, Figure 3 , Figure 4 In some examples of the present application, the elastic cylinder 20 has a first support plate 22 and a second support plate 23 arranged in an upper and lower spaced manner; the second support plate 23 is provided with a through hole through which the cylinder assembly can pass; The first support plate 22 and the first connecting plate 11, and the second support plate 23 and the second connecting plate 12 are connected by bolts; The negative Poisson's ratio structure is located between the first support plate 22 and the second support plate 23; Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the negative Poisson's ratio structure are connected to the first support plate 22 and the second support plate 23 correspondingly. In the processing process, the elastic cylinder 20 can be directly formed by 3D printing, and then a mold can be made by using the reverse mold technology, so that the industrialization of production can be realized and the efficiency can be improved. The first support plate 22 and the second support plate 23 are connected to the corresponding connecting plates by bolts, for example, the first support plate 22 and the second support plate 23 are provided with through holes at the positions of the four corners, and the bolts are threadedly connected to the corresponding parts after passing through the through holes.

[0025] As shown in the drawings, Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some examples of the present application, the second connecting plate 12 is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged guide rods 37 fixed thereon; The damping cylinder 31 is provided with a blind hole with an opening facing upward, and the lower end is supported and fixed by the second connecting plate 12 or a plurality of guide rods 37, and the blind hole is closed by an end cover to form a closed cavity, Each guide rod 37 passes through the lower end of the damping cylinder body 31 and is locked and fixed by a nut after passing through the end cover; Specifically, the guide rod 37 can be fixedly connected by screw connection, and the lower part of the guide rod 37 can be a stepped shaft or sleeved with a ring body for receiving the damping cylinder body 31; the closed cavity of the damping cylinder body 31 is formed by a closed blind hole, and a sealing ring is arranged between the blind hole and the end cover to prevent leakage of the magnetorheological fluid 36; the cylinder assembly can be gradually installed on the second connecting plate 12 in this example, and replacement of corresponding parts is realized.

[0026] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , further, the first connecting plate 11 is threaded with a connecting rod 13; The connecting rod 13 is screwed with the first supporting rod 34; Specifically, in this example, the first connecting plate 11 is screwed with the first supporting rod 34 through the connecting rod 13 to realize disassembly and assembly therebetween; The first supporting plate 22 and the second supporting plate 23 in the elastic cylinder body 20 are bolted with the corresponding connecting plates, the cylinder assembly itself can be gradually installed on the second connecting plate 12, and the first supporting rod 34 is disassembled and connected with the first connecting plate 11, so that the magnetorheological damping device can be disassembled, and the cylinder assembly or the spring sleeve can be quickly replaced to adapt to different use environments, thereby significantly reducing maintenance cost and time, such as replacing the cylinder assembly with greater damping or the spring sleeve with different stiffness.

[0027] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , in some examples of the present application, the first supporting rod 34 is coaxially provided with a first hole 341; The piston 32 is provided with an L-shaped second hole 321, one end of the second hole 321 being in communication with the first hole 341; The wire of the excitation coil 33 enters from the other end of the second hole 321, passes through the first hole 341, and is led out to the outside; Specifically, the lower end of the first hole 341 is in communication with the second hole 321, and the upper end can be led out to the outside; One end of the L-shaped second hole 321 is arranged radially to the side of the piston 32 to facilitate the wire of the excitation coil 33 to enter.

[0028] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , in some examples of the present application, the second connecting plate 12 is installed on the bottom plate 14 in a spaced manner, and a through hole for the second supporting rod 35 to pass through is arranged in the middle; The limit position of the downward movement of the second supporting rod 35 is located above the bottom plate 14; Specifically, the through hole on the second connecting plate 12 can provide a moving space for the second supporting rod 35, and the bottom plate 14 can be provided with bolt holes at the positions of four corners and connected with other components through bolts; The assembly method of the detachable magneto-rheological vibration damping device specifically includes the following steps: S1, installing the cylinder assembly: S1-1, fixing a plurality of guide rods 37 on the second connecting plate 12, aligning the through hole at the lower end of the damping cylinder 31 with the guide rods 37, supporting the lower part of the damping cylinder 31 by the lower part of the guide rods 37 or supporting the guide rods 37 by the second connecting plate 12, then screwing the nuts on the lower part of the guide rods 37 to lock the lower end of the damping cylinder 31, and completing the fixation of the lower end of the cylinder assembly; S1-2, winding the excitation coil 33 around the piston 32, leading the wire of the excitation coil 33 out of the second hole 321 and the first hole 341 to the outside and passing current; The first supporting rod 34 and the second supporting rod 35 are connected with the upper and lower ends of the piston 32, the second supporting rod 35 is inserted into the damping cylinder 31 through the damping cylinder 31 and the piston 32, the magneto-rheological fluid 36 is injected into the blind hole of the damping cylinder 31, the end cover is inserted through the plurality of guide rods 37 and the middle part is in contact with the upper end of the blind hole to form a closed cavity, and the sealing property of the closed cavity is guaranteed; The nuts are screwed on the upper end of the guide rods 37 to lock the end cover, and the fixation of the upper end of the cylinder assembly is completed; S2, installing the elastic sleeve: The elastic cylinder 20 is slowly sleeved on the outside of the cylinder assembly, the first supporting plate 22 and the first connecting plate 11 and the second supporting plate 23 and the second connecting plate 12 are fixedly connected through bolts, the connecting rod 13 is threadedly connected with the first supporting rod 34 in the connecting process of the first supporting rod 34 and the first connecting plate 11, and the connection of the elastic sleeve is completed.

[0029] The use method of the detachable magneto-rheological vibration damping device specifically includes the following steps: S1, the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 are connected between the components that need to be damped; S2, initially, the excitation coil 33 can input a certain current, the magnetic field generated thereby makes the magneto-rheological fluid 36 have a certain stiffness to the piston 32, and under the action of the elastic cylinder 20 and the cylinder assembly, the components that need to be damped reach a corresponding balance; S3, when vibration occurs, the first connecting plate 11 drives the elastic cylinder 20 and the cylinder assembly to act: The negative Poisson's ratio structure of the elastic cylinder 20 is compressed or stretched, and the negative Poisson's ratio structure of the three-dimensional structure can be contracted or stretched in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, thereby uniformly bearing external load; The first supporting rod 34 drives the piston 32 to move in the damping cylinder 31. The controller receives the signal of the vibration state, increases the input current of the excitation coil 33, increases the rigidity of the magnetic fluid filled in the damping cylinder 31, increases the damping force to suppress the swing, and achieves the damping and buffering purpose. S4, when the vibration disappears, the elastic cylinder body 20 returns to the initial state, the controller controls to reduce the input current of the excitation coil 33 and returns to the initial state. The above describes in detail the exemplary embodiment of the detachable magnetorheological damping device according to the preferred embodiment of the present application. However, those skilled in the art can understand that various modifications and improvements can be made to the above specific embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and various technical features and structures of the present application can be combined without departing from the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device, characterized in that: include: Located between the first connecting plate (11) and the second connecting plate (12) A cylinder assembly comprising a vibration-damping cylinder (31), a piston (32) and a first support rod (34); The lower end of the vibration damping cylinder (31) is fixed and has a closed cavity; the piston (32) is located in the closed cavity and moves along the axis of the vibration damping cylinder (31) and can be blocked and buffered during movement; the upper end of the first support rod (34) extends out to be connected to the first connecting plate (11), and the lower end is connected to the piston (32); The elastic cylinder (20) is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder assembly and has a negative Poisson's ratio structure. The upper and lower ends of the elastic cylinder (20) are detachably connected to corresponding connecting plates.

2. The detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid (36); An excitation coil (33) is provided on the circumferential side of the middle portion of the piston (32), and a wire of the excitation coil (33) is led out, and an input current is controlled by a controller; The cylinder assembly also has a second support rod (35); the upper end of the second support rod (35) is connected to the upper end of the piston (32), and the lower end of the second support rod (35) is movable and sealed with the vibration damping cylinder (31) and extends to the outside.

3. The detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sensor for monitoring the vibration state is provided on the first connecting plate (11) or the second connecting plate (12); The sensor transmits the monitoring signal to the controller.

4. The detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The negative Poisson's ratio structure has a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units (21); Each negative Poisson's ratio unit (21) has a first elastic body (211) and a second elastic body (212) of a self-similar structure; The upper and lower sides of the first elastic body (211) are parallel, and the middle parts of the two sides are close to each other to form a funnel shape; the upper and lower sides of the second elastic body (212) are arranged to intersect with the upper and lower sides of the first elastic body (211); The first elastic bodies (211) in the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units (21) are staggered and connected in the circumferential direction to form a cylindrical structure and are connected in sequence in the axial direction; the second elastic bodies (212) are arranged radially.

5. The detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic cylinder (20) has a first support plate (22) and a second support plate (23) arranged in an upper and lower spaced relationship; the second support plate (23) is provided with a through hole capable of allowing the cylinder assembly to pass through; The first support plate (22) and the first connecting plate (11), as well as the second support plate (23) and the second connecting plate (12), are all connected and disassembled by bolts; The negative Poisson's ratio structure is located between the first support plate (22) and the second support plate (23).

6. A detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A plurality of vertically arranged guide rods (37) are fixed on the second connecting plate (12); The vibration-damping cylinder (31) is provided with a blind hole with an upward opening, and the lower end is supported and fixed by a second connecting plate (12) or a plurality of guide rods (37), and the blind hole is closed by an end cover to form a closed cavity; Each guide rod (37) passes through the lower end of the vibration damping cylinder (31) and the end cover and is then locked and fixed by a nut.

7. The detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting rod (13) is threaded on the first connecting plate (11); The connecting rod (13) is threadedly connected to the first support rod (34).

8. The detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first hole (341) is coaxially provided on the first support rod (34), and an L-shaped second hole (321) is provided on the piston (32), one end of the first hole (341) is connected to one end of the second hole (321), and the other end of the second hole (321) faces the excitation coil; The wire of the excitation coil (33) enters from one end of the second hole (321), passes through the first hole (341), and then leads out to the outside.

9. A method for assembling the detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, install the cylinder assembly: S1-1, threading a plurality of guide rods (37) onto the second connecting plate (12), then aligning the through hole at the lower end of the vibration damping cylinder (31) with the guide rod (37), so that the lower portion of the guide rod (37) receives the vibration damping cylinder (31) or the second connecting plate (12) receives the guide rod (37), then threading a nut onto the lower portion of the guide rod (37), locking the lower end of the vibration damping cylinder (31), and completing the fixing of the lower end of the cylinder assembly; S1-2, winding the excitation coil (33) on the piston (32), leading the wire of the excitation coil (33) out from the second hole (321) and the first hole (341) to the outside and passing current; The first support rod (34) and the second support rod (35) are connected to the upper and lower ends of the piston (32) respectively, the second support rod (35) is moved through the vibration damping cylinder (31) in a sealed manner, the piston (32) is inserted into the appropriate position of the vibration damping cylinder (31), the magnetorheological fluid (36) is injected into the blind hole of the vibration damping cylinder (31), and then the end cover is passed through the plurality of guide rods (37) and the middle part contacts the upper end of the blind hole to form a closed cavity, thereby ensuring the sealing of the closed cavity; The nut is threadedly mounted on the upper end of the guide rod (37) and the end cover is locked to complete the fixation of the upper end of the cylinder assembly; S2, install the elastic sleeve: The elastic sleeve (20) is slowly sleeved onto the outer side of the cylinder assembly, and the first support plate (22) and the first connecting plate (11), and the second support plate (23) and the second connecting plate (12) are fixedly connected by bolts respectively. During the connection process between the first support rod (34) and the first connecting plate (11), the connecting rod (13) and the first support rod (34) are threadedly connected to complete the connection of the elastic sleeve.

10. A method for using the detachable magnetorheological vibration damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, the first connecting plate (11) and the second connecting plate (12) are respectively connected between the components to be damped; S2, initially, a certain current can be input into the excitation coil (33), and the generated magnetic field makes the magnetorheological fluid (36) have a certain rigidity on the piston (32), and under the action of the elastic cylinder (20) and the cylinder assembly, the components to be damped reach a corresponding balance; S3, when vibration occurs, the first connecting plate (11) drives the elastic cylinder (20) and the cylinder assembly to move: The negative Poisson's ratio structure of the elastic cylinder (20) is compressed or stretched, and the three-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio structure can shrink or stretch in the circumferential direction and radial direction, thereby evenly bearing the external load; The first support rod (34) drives the piston (32) to move in the vibration reduction cylinder (31). The controller receives a signal indicating the vibration state and increases the current flowing into the excitation coil (33), thereby increasing the stiffness of the magnetic fluid filled in the vibration reduction cylinder (31) and increasing the damping force to suppress shaking, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration reduction and buffering. S4, when the vibration disappears, the elastic cylinder (20) returns to the initial state, and the controller controls the reduction of the current flowing into the excitation coil (33) and returns to the initial state.

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