Safe smoke exhaust fireproof valve

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof valves, in particular to a safe smoke exhaust fireproof valve which comprises a valve body, an executing mechanism and a fire blocking valve plate arranged in the valve body, the executing mechanism is in driving connection with a driven assembly used for controlling opening and closing of the fire blocking valve plate, and an isolation base is arranged at one end of the valve body; a plurality of groups of guide vanes driven by cylindrical cams are arranged in the isolation seat, when the fire blocking valve plate is closed, the guide vanes are synchronously folded inwards to form a gradually-shrunk flue, the three groups of guide vanes generate progressive displacement through the wheel groove height difference design of the cylindrical cams, sequentially-reduced included angles are formed between the guide vanes and the valve plate, and the impact force of high-speed flue gas is dispersed step by step; a locking bolt attracted by magnetic force is matched with a wedge-shaped seam of a second rack, and the folding state of the guide piece is forcibly fixed to resist external disturbance; and the shifting assembly with the arc surface clamping block is arranged, the magnetic lock is triggered to be released through the moving time sequence of the first pushing strip, then the guide piece is driven to be unfolded, and pure mechanical linkage self-resetting is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fire damper, in particular to a safe smoke exhaust fire damper. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component of building fire protection system, the smoke exhaust fire damper is mainly used to block the spread of smoke during fire. The traditional fire damper usually adopts a structure in which a temperature sensing element triggers the closure of the valve plate. However, in actual application, there are significant defects: when high-temperature smoke flows at high speed through the valve, the valve plate will be directly impacted by the smoke at the moment of closure, resulting in severe turbulence and impact force. This instantaneous high pressure can easily cause the valve plate to deform, fatigue fracture or sealing failure, not only reducing the service life of the valve, but also possibly losing the smoke blocking function due to structural damage in the emergency scene of fire, threatening the safety of personnel evacuation.

[0003] Although the prior art attempts to alleviate the impact by reinforcing the valve plate or adding a buffer structure, it often leads to the complication of the mechanism: for example, an external hydraulic buffer device requires additional maintenance, and a multi-stage linkage mechanism has a response delay problem. In addition, the traditional valve relies on manual or independent drive units for resetting, which is low in operation efficiency and high in failure rate, and is difficult to meet the demand of modern buildings for fast self-recovery of fire protection systems.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fire damper solution that can maintain the stability of the valve plate structure under the impact of high-temperature smoke and achieve efficient self-resetting without the need for external complex buffer devices. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a safe smoke exhaust fire damper to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a safe smoke exhaust fire damper, comprising a valve body, an actuator and a fire blocking valve plate, the fire blocking valve plate being rotatably installed on the valve body through a valve stem, and a driven assembly driven by the actuator being arranged in the valve body; a detachable isolation seat is connected to the end of the valve body away from the fire blocking valve plate; A plurality of guide plates distributed along the direction of the smoke are arranged in the isolation seat, and the two ends of the guide plate are slidably connected to the Z-axis limiting groove and the X-axis limiting groove of the isolation seat through the deflection shaft and the reference shaft, respectively; The push assembly comprises: a first push bar driven by the driven assembly; a translation seat with an inclined groove; a second rack linked to the translation seat; a plurality of conversion wheels meshing with the second rack, each conversion wheel being coaxially connected to a cylindrical cam; a cylindrical pin movably arranged in the cam groove of the cylindrical cam, and the cylindrical pin is fixedly connected to the reference shaft of the corresponding guide plate; The positioning assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a middle-hinged locking bolt and a stopper, one end of the locking bolt is magnetically attracted to the stopper, and the other end can be clamped into a wedge-shaped notch of the second rack; The dialing assembly comprises: The first push bar triggers the clamping block; The second push bar is linked to the clamping block; The second push bar is fixed to the third rack; The straight gear engages the third rack and is fixed to the rotating shaft; When the fire damper valve is closed, the first push bar is separated from the translation seat, the second rack drives the conversion wheel to make the cylindrical cam drive the guide piece to converge to form a tapered flue, and the locking bolt is clamped into the wedge-shaped notch; when the fire damper valve is opened, the first push bar first pushes the clamping block, the rotating shaft is driven by the straight gear to make the locking bolt separate from the wedge-shaped notch, and the guide piece is reset and expanded with the second rack.

[0007] Preferably, the guide piece comprises a first guide piece, a second guide piece and a third guide piece distributed along the flue gas flow direction, and each group of guide pieces is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve body; The cylindrical cam comprises a first cylindrical cam, a second cylindrical cam and a third cylindrical cam, the number of wheel grooves of each cylindrical cam is the same but the height increases, so that the included angle formed by the guide piece and the fire damper valve when the guide piece converges decreases in turn.

[0008] Preferably, a sliding sleeve is arranged between the deflection shaft and the Z-axis limiting groove, and between the reference shaft and the X-axis limiting groove; The sliding sleeve is limited to slide in the corresponding limiting groove, which is used to reduce the friction resistance when the guide piece deflects.

[0009] Preferably, a magnet block is embedded in the contact surface between the locking bolt and the stopper; The magnetic force ensures that the locking bolt stably contacts the stopper without external force, and maintains the locking state of the second rack.

[0010] Preferably, the side of the clamping block away from the translation seat is provided as a circular arc surface; When the first push bar moves, the circular arc surface is preferentially squeezed to trigger the dialing assembly to act, so as to realize the early unlocking of the positioning assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the push assembly further comprises a vertical block connected to the second rack and a first spring sleeved on the vertical block; When the first push bar is separated from the translation seat, the elastic force of the first spring drives the vertical block to drive the second rack to move horizontally, and then drives the guide piece to converge.

[0012] Preferably, each cylindrical pin is respectively welded and fixed to the upper end of the reference shaft of the corresponding guide piece; Through the displacement of the cylindrical pin in the wheel groove of the cylindrical cam, the rotary motion is converted into the linear motion of the reference shaft of the guide piece.

[0013] Preferably, the conversion wheel is provided in three sets and simultaneously engages with the second rack; The second rack is horizontally moved to synchronously drive the three sets of conversion wheels to rotate, ensuring the consistency of the action of the multiple guide vanes.

[0014] Preferably, the driven assembly includes a center shaft driven by an actuator, a sun gear coaxially fixed to the center shaft, and a concentric wheel; The sun gear is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the valve stem, and the concentric wheel is connected to the first rack in meshing connection, and the first rack is fixed to the first push bar.

[0015] Preferably, when the fire damper vane is opened, the first push bar pushes the translation seat to move and compress the first spring; The translation seat drives the second rack to move reversely, and the guide vanes are synchronously unfolded and reset outwardly through the conversion wheel and the cylindrical cam. Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The stepped guide buffer reduces the risk of damage to the valve plate By setting multiple guide vanes to be synchronously folded inwardly with the fire damper vane closed, a converging flue structure is formed; the high-speed flue gas is buffered through multiple guide ladders, the turbulent flow and impact force directly impacting the valve plate are significantly weakened, thereby effectively avoiding the deformation or fatigue fracture of the valve plate caused by instantaneous high pressure in the traditional fire damper, and the service life and sealing reliability of the valve plate are greatly improved.

[0016] 2. The linkage locking mechanism ensures the stability of the guide vane position The positioning assembly composed of a rotating shaft, a locking bolt, and a stop block is magnetically attracted to make the locking bolt clamped into the wedge-shaped notch of the second rack, and the guide vanes are forcibly locked in the folded state; even if the system is disturbed by external vibration or airflow, the converging flue structure formed by the guide vanes can still remain stable, preventing the guide flow from being invalid due to accidental displacement, and enhancing the anti-interference and safety in the fire scene.

[0017] 3. Mechanical linkage for automatic reset and unlocking The actuation assembly composed of a clamping block, a second push bar, a third rack, and a spur gear uses the displacement of the first push bar to trigger unlocking: after the clamping block is extruded, the rotating shaft is driven by the third rack and the spur gear to disengage the locking bolt; this process does not require additional power and completely relies on the mechanical linkage of the valve plate opening, so that the guide vanes are synchronously unfolded and reset with the fire damper vane, ensuring that the system quickly recovers to the standby state, and the operation is efficient and the failure rate is low.

[0018] 4. Integrated structure optimizes maintenance and response efficiency The driven assembly composed of planetary gears and sun gears and the pushing assembly are single-point driven by an actuator to realize synchronous control of opening and closing of the fire baffle and unfolding / folding of the guide blades. The mechanical transmission chain is highly integrated in the valve body, reducing dependence on external actuators, which not only reduces the maintenance complexity, but also shortens the overall response time after the temperature sensing element is triggered, and improves the fire emergency efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the smoke exhaust fire damper in the closed state.

[0020] Figure 2 is another perspective view of the smoke exhaust fire damper in the closed state.

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the smoke exhaust fire damper in the open state.

[0022] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the valve body in the cut-open state.

[0023] Figure 5 is a connection diagram of the fire baffle, the driven assembly, the pushing assembly and the guide blades.

[0024] Figure 6 is a connection diagram of the fire baffle, the driven assembly and the pushing assembly.

[0025] Figure 7 is a connection diagram of the driven assembly and the pushing assembly.

[0026] Figure 8 is a partial structure diagram of the driven assembly and the pushing assembly.

[0027] Figure 9 is a connection diagram of the pushing assembly and the guide blades.

[0028] Figure 10 is an exploded diagram of the pushing assembly and the guide blades.

[0029] Figure 11 is a diagram of the pushing assembly, the driven assembly and the cylindrical cam.

[0030] In the figure: 1, valve body; 2, actuator; 3, fire baffle; 4, valve rod; 5, isolation seat; 501, Z-axis limiting groove; 502, X-axis limiting groove; 6, No. 1 guide piece; 7, No. 2 guide piece; 8, No. 3 guide piece; 9, planetary gear; 10, sun gear; 11, central shaft; 12, concentric wheel; 13, first rack; 14, first push bar; 15, translation seat; 16, inclined groove; 17, second rack; 18, vertical block; 19, first spring; 20, conversion wheel; 21, No. 1 conversion shaft; 22, first cylindrical cam; 23, No. 2 conversion shaft; 24, second cylindrical cam; 25, No. 3 conversion shaft; 26, third cylindrical cam; 27, cylindrical pin; 28, sliding sleeve; 29, deflection shaft; 30, reference shaft; 31, clamping block; 32, second push bar; 33, third rack; 34, straight gear; 35, rotating shaft; 36, locking bolt; 37, stop block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The present application provides a technical solution: a safe smoke exhaust fire damper, comprising a valve body 1, an actuator 2 and a fire baffle 3 arranged inside the valve body 1, the actuator 2 is arranged on the upper end face of the valve body 1; the fire baffle 3 is provided with two groups of valve rods 4, which are rotatably installed on the valve body 1 by a group of valve rods 4, the valve body 1 is internally provided with a driven assembly for driving the fire baffle 3, the driven assembly is driven by the actuator 2; the end of the valve body 1 away from the fire baffle 3 is detachably fixedly connected with an isolation seat 5, further, the connection end of the valve body 1 and the isolation seat 5 is protrusively provided with a frame-shaped outer edge, which is fixedly sleeved on the isolation seat 5 by screws. The inside of the isolation seat 5 is sequentially provided with a No. 1 guide piece 6, a No. 2 guide piece 7 and a No. 3 guide piece 8 from left to right; one end of the No. 1 guide piece 6, the No. 2 guide piece 7 and the No. 3 guide piece 8 is fixedly connected with a deflection shaft 29, and the other end is fixedly welded with a reference shaft 30; the inner cavity of the isolation seat 5 is provided with Z-axis limiting grooves 501 and X-axis limiting grooves 502 on the upper and lower sides, the Z-axis limiting grooves 501 and the X-axis limiting grooves 502 are perpendicular to each other, the deflection shaft 29 is inserted into the Z-axis limiting grooves 501, and the reference shaft 30 is inserted into the X-axis limiting grooves 502. Further, the contact part of the deflection shaft 29 and the Z-axis limiting grooves 501 and the contact part of the reference shaft 30 and the X-axis limiting grooves 502 are rotatably sleeved with a sliding sleeve 28, which is sequentially limitingly and slidingly installed in the Z-axis limiting grooves 501 and the X-axis limiting grooves 502.

[0033] As shown in Figures 1-4 , the first guide vane 6, the second guide vane 7 and the third guide vane 8 are provided with two groups, and are symmetrically arranged in the valve body 1. The inner side of the top wall of the isolation seat 5 is provided with a pushing assembly for driving the first guide vane 6, the second guide vane 7 and the third guide vane 8 to perform synchronous deflection movement. The pushing assembly is provided with driving force by the driven assembly. When the fire baffle 3 closes the valve body 1, the three pairs of guide vanes are gradually folded inward, guiding the hot smoke. Compared with the conventional fire damper, when the fire damper is opened, the high-speed smoke directly impacts the valve plate, causing severe turbulence and impact force. This arrangement can greatly reduce the impact force borne by the valve plate, significantly reducing the risk of deformation and fatigue fracture of the valve plate. When the fire baffle 3 opens the valve body 1, the three pairs of guide vanes are gradually unfolded to the two sides, ensuring normal flow of the smoke.

[0034] As shown in Figures 5-7 , the driven assembly includes a planetary gear 9, a sun gear 10 and a central shaft 11. The central shaft 11 is rotationally limited and installed in the valve body 1 by a bearing and is driven by the actuator 2 to perform forward and reverse rotation movement. The central shaft 11 has a concentric wheel 12 and a sun gear 10 coaxially welded thereon from top to bottom. The sun gear 10 is symmetrically engaged with two groups of planetary gears 9. The upper end of the valve stem 4 extends into the top of the valve body 1 and is coaxially welded with the planetary gear 9. In use, when the temperature in the valve body 1 reaches the fuse temperature of the temperature sensing element, the actuator 2 immediately acts to drive the central shaft 11 to rotate clockwise. The central shaft 11 acts on the sun gear 10, causing the sun gear 10 to drive the two groups of planetary gears 9 to synchronously rotate counterclockwise by 90°. At this time, the two groups of fire baffles 3 overlap each other, closing and sealing the valve body 1.

[0035] As shown in Figure 5 , Figures 6-11 , the concentric wheel 12 is engaged with a first rack 13. The first rack 13 is limitingly and slidingly installed in the valve body 1 and is fixedly connected with a first push bar 14. The first push bar 14 acts on the pushing assembly. The pushing assembly includes a translation seat 15, a second rack 17, a vertical block 18 and a first spring 19. The second rack 17 is limitingly and slidingly installed in the isolation seat 5. The second rack 17 has a vertical block 18 welded and fixed at one end. The second rack 17 has a translation seat 15 welded and fixed at the other end. The vertical block 18 has a first spring 19 fixedly arranged at one end close to the translation seat 15. The end of the translation seat 15 away from the second rack 17 penetrates the isolation seat 5 and is inserted into the valve body 1. The outer wall of the valve body 1 close to the isolation seat 5 is provided with a first rectangular groove accommodating the translation seat 15. The translation seat 15 is internally provided with a bevel groove 16 accommodating the first push bar 14. When the first push bar 14 moves forward and backward, it can extrude the bevel groove 16, causing the translation seat 15 to displace and thereby pushing the second rack 17 to move horizontally.

[0036] Further, the pushing assembly further comprises a first conversion shaft 21, a first cylindrical cam 22, a second conversion shaft 23, a second cylindrical cam 24, a third conversion shaft 25 and a third cylindrical cam 26. The first conversion shaft 21, the second conversion shaft 23 and the third conversion shaft 25 are rotatably installed on the isolation seat 5 through bearings and coaxially welded with a group of conversion wheels 20. The conversion wheels 20 are in meshing connection with the second rack 17. The first cylindrical cam 22 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first conversion shaft 21. The second cylindrical cam 24 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second conversion shaft 23. The third cylindrical cam 26 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the third conversion shaft 25. A cylindrical pin 27 is movably inserted into the wheel groove of the first cylindrical cam 22, the second cylindrical cam 24 and the third cylindrical cam 26. The cylindrical pin 27 in the first cylindrical cam 22 is fixedly welded with the upper end of the reference shaft 30 on the first guide piece 6. The cylindrical pin 27 in the second cylindrical cam 24 is fixedly welded with the upper end of the reference shaft 30 on the second guide piece 7. The cylindrical pin 27 in the third cylindrical cam 26 is fixedly welded with the upper end of the reference shaft 30 on the third guide piece 8. In order to facilitate the smooth sliding of the deflection shaft 29 in the Z-axis limiting groove 501 and the reference shaft 30 in the X-axis limiting groove 502, the deflection shaft 29 and the reference shaft 30 are rotatably sleeved with a sliding sleeve 28 at the outside of the limiting groove contact end. Specifically, when the second rack 17 moves horizontally, the second rack 17 simultaneously acts on the plurality of conversion wheels 20, so that the plurality of conversion wheels 20 perform synchronous rotary motion. The plurality of conversion wheels 20 in turn act on the first conversion shaft 21, the second conversion shaft 23 and the third conversion shaft 25, so that the first cylindrical cam 22, the second cylindrical cam 24 and the third cylindrical cam 26 perform synchronous rotary motion. The three groups of cylindrical cams in turn act on the cylindrical pins 27 connected with different guide pieces, so that the plurality of deflection shafts 29 perform linear motion in the front and back directions. When the deflection shaft 29 is displaced along the Z-axis limiting groove 501, the reference shaft 30 also moves along the X-axis limiting groove 502 at the same time, so as to realize the unfolding and folding of the plurality of guide pieces adaptively with the opening and closing action of the fire damper valve piece 3. As shown in Figure 11 In order to make the first guide piece 6, the second guide piece 7 and the third guide piece 8 form a flue with gradually decreasing caliber when they are folded, the number of wheel grooves of the first cylindrical cam 22, the second cylindrical cam 24 and the third cylindrical cam 26 is set to be the same, and the height is in multiple increments. In this way, under the same number of rotation of the plurality of cylindrical cams, the displacement of the cylindrical pins 27 thereon also increases in multiple, so that the included angle between the first guide piece 6, the second guide piece 7 and the third guide piece 8 and the fire damper valve piece 3 decreases in turn.

[0037] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the drawings, in order to avoid the reverse movement of the second rack 17, causing the angle formed by the guide vanes to change, a positioning assembly is arranged on the isolation seat 5 to lock the second rack 17, the positioning assembly comprising a rotating shaft 35, a locking bolt 36 and a stop block 37, the middle part of the locking bolt 36 is rotatably mounted in the isolation seat 5 through the rotating shaft 35, the stop block 37 is fixedly arranged in the isolation seat 5 through a screw, a wedge-shaped notch is formed on the side of the second rack 17 close to the stop block 37, one end of the locking bolt 36 is in abutting connection with the stop block 37, the other end of the locking bolt 36 is clamped in the wedge-shaped notch, and the contact surfaces of the locking bolt 36 and the stop block 37 are provided with magnet blocks, so that the locking bolt 36 and the stop block 37 stably abut under the condition of no external force intervention. When the first push bar 14 removes the extrusion force on the translation seat 15, the upright block 18 drives the second rack 17 to move away from the translation seat 15 under the elastic force of the first spring 19, and the reverse movement does not occur.

[0038] As shown in the drawings, Figure 8 and Figure 10 In order to facilitate the restoration of the guide vanes to the original open state, a dialing assembly for unlocking the positioning assembly is further arranged in the isolation seat 5, the dialing assembly comprising a clamping block 31, a second push bar 32, a third rack 33 and a spur gear 34; the second push bar 32 is limitingly and slidably mounted in the isolation seat 5 and fixedly connected with the clamping block 31, the spur gear 34 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 35 and engaged with the third rack 33, and the third rack 33 is welded and fixed with the third push bar; a second rectangular groove accommodating the clamping block 31 is formed on the side wall of the valve body 1, a notch accommodating the clamping block 31 is formed on the side of the first push bar 14 close to the second push bar 32, and the side of the clamping block 31 away from the translation seat 15 is arranged in a circular arc shape. When the first push bar 14 moves in the direction of the translation seat 15, it first extrudes the circular arc surface of the clamping block 31 and then enters the inclined groove 16. This arrangement causes the clamping block 31 to displace before the translation seat 15 and push the second push bar 32 to move in the direction of the stop block 37. The second push bar 32 acts on the spur gear 34 through the third rack 33, causing the rotating shaft 35 to drive the locking bolt 36 to rotate clockwise and separate from the wedge-shaped notch of the second rack 17, thereby removing the locking effect on the second rack 17, so that the second rack 17 can be normally driven by the translation seat 15 to move in the direction of the central shaft 11. The second rack 17 acts on the conversion wheel, causing the conversion shafts to rotate synchronously in sequence, thereby pushing the cylindrical pin 27 and the deflection shaft 29 to move back and forth, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the guide vanes to both sides.

[0039] The application in use: when the hot smoke generated by the fire enters the valve body 1, if the temperature reaches the fuse threshold of the temperature sensing element, the actuator 2 immediately acts to drive the central shaft 11 to rotate clockwise; the central shaft 11 drives the sun gear 10 to rotate, forcing the two sets of planetary gears 9 to rotate synchronously counterclockwise by 90°, so as to close the two sets of fire baffle plates 3 through the valve rod 4 to block the flue. At the same time, the concentric wheel 12 on the central shaft 11 engages the first rack 13 to move away from the translation seat 15, and pulls the first push bar 14 out of the inclined groove 16 of the translation seat 15; so as to release the extrusion of the translation seat 15 left and right, at this time under the elastic force of the first spring 19, the vertical block 18 drives the second rack 17 to move horizontally. The second rack 17 drives the plurality of conversion wheels 20 to rotate synchronously, and then the first, second and third cylindrical cams 26 are respectively driven by the first, second and third conversion shafts 25 to rotate; the wheel grooves of the cylindrical cams push the reference shafts 30 of the corresponding guide plates (the first guide plate 6, the second guide plate 7 and the third guide plate 8) to slide along the X-axis limiting groove 502, and the deflection shafts 29 are displaced along the Z-axis limiting groove 501, so as to make the three sets of guide plates fold inward. Due to the increasing design of the wheel groove height of the three cylindrical cams, under the same rotation angle, the third guide plate 8 has the largest displacement, the second guide plate has the second largest displacement, and the first guide plate has the smallest displacement, so that the included angle between the guide plate and the fire baffle plate 3 decreases in turn, and finally a flue with gradually decreasing caliber is formed, realizing the step-by-step buffer flow guiding of high-speed smoke. In this process, the locking bolt 36 of the positioning assembly is clamped into the wedge-shaped notch of the second rack 17 under the action of magnetic force, locking the guide plate position; when resetting is needed, the first push bar 14 first contacts the arc surface of the clamping block 31 during movement, and drives the second push bar 32 to rotate the rotating shaft 35 through the third rack 33 and the spur gear 34, thereby releasing the constraint of the locking bolt 36 on the second rack 17, and the first spring 19 pulls the second rack 17 to move reversely, and each guide plate is reset accordingly.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safe smoke exhaust fire damper comprising a valve body, an actuator, and a fire damper disc. The fire damper disc is rotatably mounted on the valve body via a valve stem. A driven assembly driven by the actuator is disposed within the valve body. The end of the valve body away from the fire damper disc is detachably connected to an isolation seat. The characteristics of the invention are: The isolation seat is provided with multiple groups of guide vanes distributed along the direction of the smoke, and the two ends of the guide vanes are slidably connected to the Z-axis limit slot and the X-axis limit slot of the isolation seat through the deflection axis and the reference axis respectively; Push components include: A first push bar driven by a driven component; Translation seat with bevel groove; A second rack linked to the translation seat; a plurality of conversion wheels meshed with the second rack, each conversion wheel being coaxially connected to a cylindrical cam; A cylindrical pin movable in the cylindrical cam wheel groove is fixedly connected to the reference axis of the corresponding guide piece; The positioning assembly includes a rotating shaft, a locking bolt hinged in the middle, and a stop block. One end of the locking bolt is magnetically attracted to the stop block, and the other end can be snapped into the wedge-shaped bite of the second rack. The toggle assembly includes: The card block triggered by the first push bar; The second push bar linked to the card block; a third rack fixed to the second push bar; a spur gear meshing with the third rack and fixed to the rotating shaft; When the fire damper is closed, the first push bar disengages from the translation seat, and the second rack drives the conversion wheel to make the cylindrical cam drive the guide vane to close to form a tapered flue, and the locking bolt is stuck in the wedge-shaped bite; when the fire damper is opened, the first push bar first pushes the blocking block, and the spur gear drives the rotating shaft to disengage the locking bolt from the wedge-shaped bite, and the guide vane is reset and expanded along with the second rack.

2. A safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vanes include a first guide vane, a second guide vane, and a third guide vane distributed along the direction of flue gas flow, and each set of guide vanes is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve body; The cylindrical cams include a first cylindrical cam, a second cylindrical cam and a third cylindrical cam. The number of wheel grooves of each cylindrical cam is the same but the height increases gradually, so that the angle formed by the guide plate and the fire damper plate when closing is gradually reduced.

3. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: Slide sleeves are provided between the deflection shaft and the Z-axis limit slot, and between the reference shaft and the X-axis limit slot; The sliding sleeve is limited and slides in the corresponding limiting groove to reduce the friction resistance when the guide vane deflects.

4. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnet block is embedded in the contact surface between the locking bolt and the stop block; The magnetic attraction ensures that the locking bolt stably contacts the stop block when there is no external force, maintaining the locking state of the second rack.

5. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the clamping block away from the translation seat is configured as an arc surface; When the first push bar moves, its arc surface is first squeezed to trigger the action of the toggle component, thereby achieving early unlocking of the positioning component.

6. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing assembly further includes a vertical block connected to the second rack and a first spring sleeved on the vertical block; When the first push bar is separated from the translation seat, the elastic force of the first spring drives the vertical block to drive the second rack to move horizontally, thereby pushing the guide plate to close.

7. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each cylindrical pin is welded and fixed to the upper end of the reference shaft of the corresponding guide piece; The displacement of the cylindrical pin in the cylindrical cam wheel groove converts the rotary motion into the linear motion of the guide vane reference axis.

8. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion wheels are provided in three groups and mesh with the second rack simultaneously; When the second rack moves horizontally, it can synchronously drive the three sets of conversion wheels to rotate, ensuring the consistency of the movements of multiple sets of guide blades.

9. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven assembly includes a central shaft driven by an actuator, a sun gear and a concentric gear coaxially fixed to the central shaft, and two sets of planetary gears symmetrically meshing with the sun gear; The planetary gear is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the valve stem, the concentric gear is meshed and connected to the first rack, and the first rack is fixed to the first push bar.

10. The safety smoke exhaust fire damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the fire damper is opened, the first push bar pushes the translation seat to move and compresses the first spring; The translation seat drives the second rack to move in the reverse direction, and the guide plates are driven to expand outward synchronously and reset through the conversion wheel and the cylindrical cam.

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