Disc spring mechanical curve testing structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure applied to a tensile and compressive testing machine. The tensile and compressive testing machine includes a pressure block that can move vertically, and the machine can detect the displacement of the pressure block and the pressure applied outward by the pressure block. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure includes a structural base, a central column, and a lower pressure part. The structural base is a hollow cavity structure with at least an open upper end; the central column is a hollow cavity structure with at least an open upper end, and is coaxially fixed inside the structural base. The top edge of the central column has a first mounting groove along its circumference, wherein the inner ring of the disc spring can be fitted into the first mounting groove; the lower pressure part includes a lower pressure column and a lower pressure cover, and the top end of the lower pressure column is connected to the bottom end of the pressure block. This invention improves the accuracy of the disc spring pressure test curve of the tensile and compressive testing machine and solves the problem of inaccurate disc spring pressure test curves caused by the use of a spherical loading indenter in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing equipment technology, and specifically to a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the mechanical properties of disc springs are typically tested using a computer-controlled electronic universal testing machine with specialized tooling. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the fixture includes a spherical loading head, a supporting frustum, and an inner guide post. During testing, the lower end of the testing machine is fixed, while the upper end applies a static load via displacement control, typically at a loading speed of 1 mm / min. The small end of the disc spring contacts the spherical loading head, and the large end contacts the supporting frustum. The inner guide post passes through the inner hole of the disc spring, serving as a guide and preventing lateral slippage. When preloaded to 1 mm (flattened) or 2 mm (overturned), the testing machine collects displacement and force data and plots a force-displacement curve to evaluate the elastic performance of the disc spring.

[0003] During compression, friction is generated between the outer edge of the disc spring and the supporting frustum. This friction undoubtedly interferes with force measurement and affects the accuracy of the curve. Secondly, when the disc spring is compressed and deformed, its stress position changes from contact between the outer edge and the supporting frustum to contact with the edge of the groove, resulting in a sudden change in the stress state and further introducing measurement errors. In addition, traditional sliding guide structures rely on lubrication, and changes in oil film thickness may cause stiffness data drift, failing to accurately reflect the disc spring's performance under high and low temperatures or long-term use.

[0004] Therefore, a new technological solution is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure to at least solve the problem of inaccurate disc spring pressure test curves caused by the use of a spherical loading indenter in the prior art.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] This invention provides a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure applied to a tension / compression testing machine. The tension / compression testing machine includes a pressure block that can move vertically, and the machine can detect the displacement of the pressure block and the outward pressure applied by the pressure block. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure includes:

[0008] The structural base is a hollow cavity structure with at least an opening at the top.

[0009] The central column is a hollow cavity structure with at least an opening at the top end, and is coaxially fixed inside the structural base. The top edge of the central column is provided with a first mounting groove along its circumference, wherein the inner ring of the disc spring can be fitted into the first mounting groove.

[0010] The pressing part includes a pressing column and a pressing cover, wherein the top end of the pressing column is connected to the bottom end of the pressing block;

[0011] During the movement of the pressure block toward the central column, the lower pressure column is inserted into the hollow cavity of the central column, and the lower pressure cover presses against the outer edge of the disc spring.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the central column is lower than the top of the structural base, and the outer diameter of the lower pressure cover is equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the structural base;

[0013] When the lower pressure column enters the hollow cavity of the central column, the lower pressure cover enters the structural base.

[0014] Preferably, an exhaust hole is also provided on the side wall of the structural base, the exhaust hole being used to balance the air pressure inside the structural base;

[0015] The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure also includes:

[0016] A temperature regulating unit is provided, which is arranged around the side wall of the structural base and offset from the exhaust hole, for regulating the internal temperature of the hollow cavity of the structural base.

[0017] Preferably, the outer side wall of the central column is provided with a first support portion along its circumference;

[0018] The structural base also includes:

[0019] The second support portion is disposed in the hollow cavity of the structural base along the circumference of the structural base. The middle part of the second support portion forms a receiving space for inserting the central column, and the gas in the hollow cavity of the structural base can bypass / pass through the second support portion and be discharged from the exhaust hole.

[0020] Wherein, after the central column is inserted into the receiving space, the second support part supports the first support part.

[0021] Preferably, the second support is an annular structure and is disposed on the inner sidewall of the structural base, and the inner hole of the second support forms the receiving space;

[0022] The second support is vertically provided with a first airflow channel, which is connected to the hollow cavity of the structural base and the exhaust hole respectively.

[0023] Preferably, a second airflow channel is formed between the inner wall of the central column and the lower pressure column. When the lower pressure column is inserted into the hollow cavity of the central column, the gas inside the central column can flow out from the second airflow channel into the hollow cavity of the structural base to balance the air pressure inside the central column.

[0024] Preferably, the disc spring mechanical curve testing structure further includes:

[0025] A first open-loop structure is fitted into the first mounting groove to support the inner ring of the disc spring by its inner edge.

[0026] Preferably, the bottom inner sidewall of the lower pressure cover is provided with a second mounting groove along its circumference;

[0027] Preferably, the disc spring mechanical curve testing structure further includes:

[0028] The second open-loop structure is embedded in the second mounting groove. The lowest point of the second open-loop structure corresponds to the inner side of the outer edge of the disc spring, and the bottom surface of the second open-loop structure is set as an arc-shaped structure.

[0029] Preferably, the disc spring mechanical curve testing structure further includes:

[0030] The first protrusion is disposed above the first open-ring structure along the circumference of the central column and facing the inner wall of the disc spring, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the disc spring and the outer wall of the first protrusion.

[0031] Preferably, the lower pressure cover includes a lower pressure plate and a lower pressure ring;

[0032] The lower pressure plate is coaxially connected to the middle of the lower pressure column; the lower pressure ring is an annular structure and is arranged along the circumference of the lower pressure plate on the outer edge of the lower pressure plate, and the inner sidewall of the end of the lower pressure ring is provided with the second mounting groove.

[0033] Based on common knowledge in the field, the preferred conditions described can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that the at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention can achieve include at least:

[0035] This invention discloses a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure. By setting a lower pressure column and a lower pressure cover at the bottom of the pressure block of a tensile and compressive testing machine, and correspondingly setting a structural base and a central column below the lower pressure column and the lower pressure cover, the outer edge of the disc spring is higher than the inner edge of the disc spring when it is reversed and fitted onto the central column. As the pressure block moves downward, the lower pressure column enters the hollow cavity of the central column, and the lower pressure cover presses down on the outer edge of the disc spring, so that no frictional force is generated between the disc spring and the support base. Moreover, when the disc spring is compressed and deformed, its stress position is always the outer edge of the disc spring, and its stress state does not change abruptly. This improves the accuracy of the disc spring pressure test curve of the tensile and compressive testing machine and solves the problem of inaccurate disc spring pressure test curves caused by the use of a spherical loading head in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0040] The reference numerals in the drawings of this invention are as follows:

[0041] 1. Structural base; 11. Exhaust vent; 12. Second support part; 121. First airflow channel; 2. Central column; 21. First mounting groove; 22. First support part; 23. Second airflow channel; 3. Disc spring; 4. Lowering part; 41. Lowering column; 42. Lowering cover; 421. Second mounting groove; 422. Lowering plate; 423. Lowering ring; 5. Temperature adjustment part; 6. First open-loop structure; 7. Second open-loop structure; 8. First protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0045] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0046] Additionally, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that practice can be carried out without these specific details.

[0047] Disc spring 3, due to its advantages such as high stiffness, small deformation, and high space utilization, is widely used in mechanical pressure switches. As a key elastic element, it directly determines the actuation pressure and reset pressure of the switch. The force-deformation characteristic curve of disc spring 3 is not only a core input parameter in the product design stage, but also an important basis for batch consistency evaluation, life test, and fault tracing during mass production.

[0048] The single-piece disc spring 3 is small in size and mainly provides elastic force. In mechanical pressure switches, improper design and selection of the disc spring 3 can lead to insufficient preload or plastic deformation due to large loads, resulting in equipment failure. To better analyze and solve this problem, existing technologies use tooling to test the disc spring 3 to study the influence of dimensional parameters such as thickness and inner and outer diameters on the elastic properties of the disc spring 3.

[0049] In existing technology, a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine can be used to perform compression tests on test pieces. Based on the loading conditions of the disc spring 3 during use, a spherical loading head, a supporting frustum, and an inner guide post are designed, with the inner guide post connected to the spherical loading head. During loading, when the spherical loading head contacts the disc spring 3, the inner guide post passes through the inner diameter of the disc spring 3, serving to guide and prevent the disc spring 3 from slipping sideways.

[0050] In the performance test of disc spring 3, the lower end of the testing machine was fixed and the upper end was loaded. Displacement control was used to apply static load. The loading speed of the testing machine was 1 mm / min. During the test, the outer end face (small end) of the inner diameter d of disc spring 3 was in contact with the spherical loading head, and the outer end face (large end) of the outer diameter D of disc spring 3 was in contact with the supporting frustum (fixed). When the preload displacement in the direction of the axis of disc spring 3 was 1 mm (flattened) and 2 mm (overturned), the testing machine collected the input displacement and output force data in real time, and obtained the relationship curve between the compressive force and displacement on the inner end face (small end) of disc spring 3.

[0051] In the existing technology, friction is generated between the outer edge of the disc spring 3 and the supporting frustum during the compression process, affecting the accuracy of the test results. Furthermore, during testing, when the spherical indenter presses down on the disc spring 3, the force-bearing position of the disc spring 3 is where its outer edge abuts against the supporting frustum. However, when the spherical indenter flips the disc spring 3, it deforms into the opposing cylindrical groove. At this point, the force-bearing position of the disc spring 3 changes, becoming where it abuts against the edge of the cylindrical groove. This change in the force-bearing position also leads to inaccurate test data.

[0052] In view of this, the inventors, through in-depth research and improvement of the spring shape, force structure, and tensile and compressive testing machine, discovered that by fitting the inner ring of the disc spring 3 into the first mounting groove 21 of the central column 2, the central column 2 is used to horizontally limit the disc spring 3, while the first mounting groove 21 is used to limit the disc spring 3 to the top of the central column 2. Then, the lower pressing part 4 installed on the pressure block of the tensile and compressive testing machine is used to press the outer edge of the disc spring 3, so that the tensile and compressive testing machine can detect the mechanical curve of the disc spring 3 by measuring the displacement and force of the pressure block.

[0053] Based on this, the embodiments of this specification propose a processing solution: such as Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure. By installing a lower pressing part 4 at the bottom of the pressure block of a tensile and compressive testing machine, the lower pressing part 4 includes a lower pressing column 41 and a lower pressing cover 42. During testing, the disc spring 3 is fitted into the first mounting groove 21 of the central column 2, with the concave surface of the disc spring 3 facing the pressure block. When the lower pressing part 4 moves towards the disc spring 3 with the pressure block, the lower pressing column 41 enters the central column 2 and presses the outer edge of the disc spring 3 through the lower pressing cover 42. During the pressing process of the lower pressing cover 42, the tensile and compressive testing machine can detect the displacement and force curve of the disc spring 3 under compression through the pressure block and the lower pressing cover 42 to obtain the mechanical test curve of the disc spring 3.

[0054] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This invention provides a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure, which is applied to a tension and compression testing machine. The tension and compression testing machine includes a pressure block that can move up and down, and the machine can detect the displacement of the pressure block and the pressure applied outward by the pressure block.

[0057] Among them, the tensile and compressive testing machine can plot the mechanical test curve between the displacement and the applied pressure by detecting the displacement of the pressure block.

[0058] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the disc spring mechanical curve test structure includes a structural base 1, a central column 2, and a lower pressing part 4. The structural base 1 is a hollow cavity structure with at least an opening at the top; the central column 2 is a hollow cavity structure with at least an opening at the top, and it is coaxially fixed inside the structural base 1. The top edge of the central column 2 is provided with a first mounting groove 21 along its circumference, wherein the inner ring of the disc spring 3 can be fitted into the first mounting groove 21; the lower pressing part 4 includes a lower pressing column 41 and a lower pressing cover 42, the top end of the lower pressing column 41 is connected to the bottom end of the pressing block; wherein, during the process of the pressing block moving in the direction of the central column 2, the lower pressing column 41 is inserted into the hollow cavity of the central column 2, and the lower pressing cover 42 presses the outer edge of the disc spring 3.

[0059] The structural base 1 can be installed on the base of the tensile and compressive testing machine to provide a stable installation environment and facilitates vertical alignment with the pressure block of the tensile and compressive testing machine. The structural base 1 can be a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom, and the overall structure of the structural base 1 is circular, with its internal cavity also being cylindrical to accommodate the annular disc spring 3.

[0060] For example, the structural base 1 includes a cylindrical section and a support section. The cylindrical section is a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom; the support section is arranged around the bottom end of the cylindrical section for fixing to the base of the tensile and compressive testing machine by bolts.

[0061] Optionally, the structural base 1 is made of a thermally conductive metal material, such as stainless steel.

[0062] The central column 2 is a cylindrical structure with a hollow cavity structure open at both ends. The first mounting groove 21 is formed on the top side wall of the central column 2 and is formed along the axial direction of the central column 2 to form a circular groove.

[0063] Specifically, the first mounting groove 21 includes a horizontal sidewall and a vertical sidewall. The disc spring 3 is sleeved on the vertical sidewall of the first mounting groove 21 and supported by its horizontal sidewall.

[0064] There is a gap between the disc spring 3 and the vertical sidewall of the first mounting groove 21.

[0065] In this application, since the pressing part 4 presses the disc spring 3 from top to bottom, when the disc spring 3 is installed, the concave surface of the disc spring 3 faces the tensile and compressive testing machine. That is, after the disc spring 3 is fitted onto the central column 2, the outer edge of the disc spring 3 is higher than the inner edge of the disc spring 3.

[0066] The pressing part 4 is used to move up and down with the pressing block to press or release the disc spring 3. Specifically, the pressing post 41 of the pressing part 4 can be inserted into the central post 2 when it moves downward; the pressing cover 42 of the pressing part 4 can enter the structural base 1 when it moves downward to press the disc spring 3.

[0067] Optionally, when the lower pressure cover 42 enters the structural base 1, the outer diameter of the lower pressure cover 42 and the inner diameter of the cavity of the structural base 1 are slidably connected so as to limit the lower pressure cover 42 by using the structural base 1 to prevent the lower pressure cover 42 from displacing in the horizontal direction.

[0068] Preferably, the cavity structures of the pressing column 41 and the central column 2 are also slidably connected to avoid the central column 2 shifting in the horizontal direction during the pressing process.

[0069] Specifically, the lower pressure cover 42 includes a lower pressure plate 422 and a lower pressure ring 423; the lower pressure plate 422 is coaxially connected to the middle of the lower pressure column 41; the lower pressure ring 423 is an annular structure and is arranged along the circumference of the lower pressure plate 422 on the outer edge of the lower pressure plate 422, and the lower pressure ring 423 is used to press the outer edge of the disc spring 3.

[0070] Specifically, a pressure ring 423 is provided at the bottom of the pressure cover 42, thereby forming a cavity in the middle part of the pressure cover 42 to prevent the middle part of the pressure cover 42 from pressing on the disc spring 3. This prevents the pressure cover 42 from pressing on the higher part of the disc spring 3 during the compression process, which would lead to inaccurate mechanical curve testing.

[0071] The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure of this invention obtains the disc spring mechanical curve by fitting the disc spring 3 onto the central column 2 and pressing the outer edge of the disc spring 3 with the lower pressure cap 42. This avoids interference from the surrounding structure during the test and prevents insufficient test accuracy caused by friction on the disc spring 3. It solves the problem of inaccurate pressure test curves caused by the use of spherical loading structures in the prior art and improves the accuracy of the mechanical test curve.

[0072] In some embodiments, the top of the central column 2 is lower than the top of the structural base 1, and the outer diameter of the lower pressure cover 42 is equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the structural base 1; wherein, when the lower pressure column 41 enters the hollow cavity of the central column 2, the lower pressure cover 42 enters the structural base 1.

[0073] In this design, by setting the top of the central column 2 to be lower than the top of the structural base 1, after the disc spring 3 is fitted onto the top of the central column 2, the disc spring 3 is located inside the structural base 1. This allows the lower pressure cover 42 to enter the structural base 1 before the disc spring 3 can be pressed, thus enabling the structural base 1 to guide and limit the lower pressure cover 42.

[0074] Furthermore, an exhaust hole 11 is provided on the side wall of the structural base 1. The exhaust hole 11 is used to balance the air pressure inside the structural base 1 to prevent the gas inside the structural base 1 from being compressed by the lower cover 42, which would cause the mechanical curve test of the disc spring 3 to be inaccurate when the lower cover 42 is pressed down due to the influence of air pressure.

[0075] Furthermore, the disc spring mechanical curve test structure also includes a temperature adjustment unit 5, which is wrapped around the side wall of the structure base 1 and is offset from the exhaust port 11, for adjusting the internal temperature of the hollow cavity of the structure base 1.

[0076] The temperature control unit 5 can be either a heating structure or a cooling structure, in order to test the mechanical curve of the disc spring 3 at high or low temperatures.

[0077] Preferably, the temperature regulating part 5 is a flexible heating wire or heating plate to perform mechanical curve testing on the disc spring 3 at high temperature.

[0078] Specifically, during the high-temperature mechanical curve test, the temperature inside the structural base 1 is increased by the temperature regulating unit 5. Since the lower pressure cover 42 enters the structural base 1 during the test, a closed space is formed between the lower pressure cover 42 and the structural base 1 to reduce heat loss, thereby making it easier to maintain the temperature inside the structural base 1 within the specified range.

[0079] In addition to the temperature regulation part 5 installed on the side wall of the structural base 1, the exhaust hole 11 is also used to balance the air pressure inside the structural base 1, so as to avoid the air pressure inside the structural base 1 from increasing due to temperature increase or decreasing due to temperature decrease, thereby reducing the accuracy of the mechanical curve of the disc spring 3.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, the lower pressure cover 42 enters the structural base 1 and presses the disc spring 3, thereby forming a roughly closed space between the structural base 1 and the lower pressure cover 42. This allows the temperature adjustment unit 5 to adjust the temperature inside the structural base 1, and at the same time, the pressure inside the structural base 1 is adjusted through the vent 11. This enables the tensile and compressive testing machine to perform mechanical curve testing on the disc spring 3 at different temperatures, and the test results are accurate and unaffected by pressure changes caused by temperature variations.

[0081] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the central column 2 is provided with a first support portion 22 along its own circumference, so that the central column 2 can be supported and installed in the structural base 1.

[0082] The structural base 1 also includes a second support part 12, which is arranged circumferentially in the hollow cavity of the structural base 1. The middle part of the second support part 12 forms a receiving space for inserting the central column 2, and the gas in the hollow cavity of the structural base 1 can bypass / pass through the second support part 12 and be discharged from the exhaust hole 11. After the central column 2 is inserted into the receiving space, the second support part 12 supports the first support part 22.

[0083] The second support part 12 is used in conjunction with the first support part 22 to position the central column 2 inside the structural base 1. Even after the second support part 12 and the first support part 22 are connected, gas above the second support part 12 can still bypass or pass through the second support part 12 and be discharged through the exhaust port 11 below. At this time, the exhaust port 11 is located below the second support part 12.

[0084] For example, the second support portion 12 is an annular perforated structure, with its inner ring forming a receiving space; or the second support portion 12 includes a plurality of spaced protrusions, with the receiving space formed between the plurality of protrusions.

[0085] Preferably, the second support part 12 is an annular structure and is disposed on the inner side wall of the structural base 1, and the inner hole of the second support part 12 forms an accommodating space; a first airflow channel 121 is vertically opened on the second support part 12, and the first airflow channel 121 is connected to the hollow cavity of the structural base 1 and the exhaust hole 11 respectively.

[0086] When there is one first airflow channel 121, the exhaust port 11 is connected to the first airflow channel 121; when there are multiple first airflow channels 121, each first airflow channel 121 is connected to the corresponding exhaust port 11, or multiple first airflow channels 121 are connected to the exhaust port 11 after being connected.

[0087] Therefore, by using the second support part 12 in conjunction with the first support part 22 to support and fix the central column 2, the central column 2 can be stably located within the structural base 1. Furthermore, the second support part 12 and the first support part 22 can be detachably connected, so that central columns 2 of different sizes can be replaced, thereby allowing for testing of disc springs 3 with different inner diameters.

[0088] In some embodiments, a second airflow channel 23 is formed between the inner wall of the central column 2 and the lower pressure column 41. When the lower pressure column 41 is inserted into the hollow cavity of the central column 2, the gas inside the central column 2 can flow out from the second airflow channel 23 into the hollow cavity of the structural base 1 to balance the air pressure inside the central column 2. This prevents the air pressure inside the central column 2 from being compressed or changing in temperature, which could cause the pressure to increase or decrease, thus applying an upward or downward force to the lower pressure column 41 and affecting the testing accuracy of the tensile and compressive testing machine.

[0089] Preferably, a gap is provided between the inner wall of the central column 2 and the lower pressure column 41 to form a second airflow channel 23. In addition, corresponding airflow channels may also be provided on the inner wall of the central column 2 or the outer wall of the lower pressure column 41 to allow gas to flow out and balance the air pressure inside the central column 2.

[0090] In some embodiments, the bottom end of the central column 2 is an open structure, so that the bottom end of the central column 2 is connected to the hollow cavity of the structural base 1.

[0091] The tensile and compressive testing machine of this invention has a range of 100N. During the testing of the disc spring 3, the base of the spring tensile and compressive testing machine is fixed, and the upper pressure block with the tooling lower pressure cover 42 is loaded. The load is applied to the disc spring 3 by controlling the displacement. The moving speed of the pressure block of the spring tensile and compressive testing machine can be 2mm / min. During the test, the inner edge of the disc spring 3 contacts and is fixed to the central column 2, and the outer edge of the disc spring 3 contacts the lower pressure cover 42 and undergoes downward displacement in the axial direction of the disc spring 3. During this process, the spring tensile and compressive testing machine collects the pressure and outer diameter displacement data of the disc spring 3 in real time and generates the corresponding mechanical curve.

[0092] This invention discloses a disc spring mechanical curve testing structure. Through the structure base 1, central column 2, pressing part 4, temperature adjustment part 5, and exhaust hole 11, it can accurately measure the mechanical curve of disc spring 3 at different temperatures. Moreover, the pressure position of disc spring 3 is always the outer edge of disc spring 3, and its stress state will not change abruptly. This improves the accuracy of the pressure test curve of disc spring 3 tested by the tensile and compressive testing machine and solves the problem of inaccurate pressure test curve of disc spring 3 caused by the use of spherical loading head in the prior art.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] The present invention is a modified embodiment of embodiment 1, the difference of which is that the disc spring mechanical curve test structure further includes a first open-loop structure 6 and a second open-loop structure 7.

[0095] The first open-loop structure 6 is fitted into the first mounting groove 21 to support the inner ring of the disc spring 3 by its inner edge. The side of the first open-loop structure 6 facing the disc spring 3 is an arc-shaped surface to reduce the contact area between the first open-loop structure 6 and the disc spring 3 and reduce the influence of the first open-loop structure 6 on the disc spring 3.

[0096] The inner ring of the disc spring 3 is supported by the first open-loop structure 6, and the contact area with the disc spring 3 is reduced. This can prevent the inner ring of the disc spring 3 from abutting or contacting the horizontal side wall of the first mounting groove 21 after the disc spring 3 is compressed. In other words, it can prevent the side of the disc spring 3 near the inner ring from abutting the horizontal side wall of the first mounting groove 21, thereby improving the accuracy of the disc spring mechanical curve test.

[0097] In this case, the inner diameter of the first open-loop structure 6 in its normal state is smaller than the outer diameter of the vertical sidewall of the first mounting groove 21, so that it can be interference-fitted onto the vertical sidewall of the first mounting groove 21, ensuring that the first open-loop structure 6 will not detach during the process of pressing against the disc spring 3.

[0098] Furthermore, a second mounting groove 421 is provided on the inner side wall of the bottom end of the lower pressure cover 42 along its circumference; the second open-ring structure 7 is embedded in the second mounting groove 421, preferably, the lowest point of the second open-ring structure 7 is located below the bottom surface of the lower pressure cover 42.

[0099] The second mounting groove 421 is located on the inner ring of the pressure ring 423.

[0100] The second open-loop structure 7 is used to reduce the contact area between the outer edge of the disc spring 3 and the bottom surface of the lower pressure cover 42, so as to avoid the disc spring 3 being compressed and the contact area between it and the bottom surface of the lower pressure cover 42 being large, which would result in a large friction force and thus affect the accuracy of the mechanical curve.

[0101] Preferably, the lowest point of the second open-loop structure 7 corresponds to the inner side of the outer edge of the disc spring 3, and the bottom surface of the second open-loop structure 7 is set as an arc-shaped structure to further reduce the contact area between the second open-loop structure 7 and the outer edge of the disc spring 3.

[0102] In this case, the inner diameter of the second open-ring structure 7 in its normal state is larger than the outer diameter of the vertical side wall of the second mounting groove 421. The second open-ring structure 7 is embedded into the second mounting groove 421 by extrusion, ensuring that the second open-ring structure 7 will not detach during the process of pressing against the disc spring 3.

[0103] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the disc spring mechanical curve test structure also includes a first protrusion 8. The first protrusion 8 is arranged circumferentially above the first open-loop structure 6 along the central column 2 and faces the inner wall of the disc spring 3. There is a gap between the inner wall of the disc spring 3 and the outer wall of the first protrusion 8. On the one hand, the first protrusion 8 can limit the first open-loop structure 6 from above to prevent the first open-loop structure 6 from displacing. On the other hand, the first protrusion 8 can reduce the gap between the inner wall of the disc spring 3 and the vertical inner wall of the first mounting groove 21, thereby ensuring that the inner edge area of ​​the disc spring 3 remains in contact with the center position of the first open-loop structure 6, avoiding displacement of the force position during the compression of the disc spring 3, and improving the test accuracy.

[0104] In this embodiment of the invention, a first open-loop structure 6 and a second open-loop structure 7 are respectively provided on the inner ring of the lower pressure cover 42 and the outer ring of the central column 2 for contact with the outer and inner edges of the disc spring 3. This ensures that the disc spring 3 remains in contact with the first open-loop structure 6 and the second open-loop structure 7 during the pressing of the lower pressure cover 42, avoiding force position shift that would affect test accuracy. In addition, during the pressing of the lower pressure cover 42, the arc-shaped surfaces of the disc spring 3 and the first open-loop structure 6 and the second open-loop structure 7 come into contact, which also reduces the friction during the pressing process and further improves the accuracy of the test.

[0105] The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure of the present invention is low in cost and highly adaptable. Furthermore, by testing the disc spring 3 with a small-range spring tension and compression testing machine, its resolution is improved, avoiding the problem of inaccurate measurement by large equipment in small ranges. In addition, the lower pressure cover 42 directly drives the outer edge displacement of the disc spring 3, and the central column 2 is fixed in a pentagon shape. The displacement sensor reading is the actual compression of the disc spring 3, thus eliminating the need for flexibility correction and making displacement measurement more accurate and direct.

[0106] The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure of the present invention fixes the small diameter (inner edge) of the disc spring 3 by the central column 2, replacing the traditional inner guide column and lubrication sliding guide, completely eliminating the interference of guide friction on force measurement, and avoiding stiffness data drift caused by oil film thickness changes; and the lower pressure cover 42 only axially constrains the large diameter of the disc spring 3, allowing radial free deformation, accurately reproducing the elastic boundary conditions in actual installation (especially the large end lifting behavior during the overturning stage).

[0107] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the product embodiments described later, since they correspond to the methods, the descriptions are relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the system embodiments.

[0108] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A disc spring mechanical curve testing structure, applied to a tension / compression testing machine, the tension / compression testing machine comprising a vertically displaceable pressure block, and the tension / compression testing machine capable of detecting the displacement of the pressure block and the outward pressure applied by the pressure block, characterized in that, The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure includes: The structural base is a hollow cavity structure with at least an opening at the top. The central column is a hollow cavity structure with at least an opening at the top end, and is coaxially fixed inside the structural base. The top edge of the central column is provided with a first mounting groove along its circumference, wherein the inner ring of the disc spring can be fitted into the first mounting groove. The pressing part includes a pressing column and a pressing cover, wherein the top end of the pressing column is connected to the bottom end of the pressing block; During the movement of the pressure block toward the central column, the lower pressure column is inserted into the hollow cavity of the central column, and the lower pressure cover presses against the outer edge of the disc spring.

2. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the central column is lower than the top of the structural base, and the outer diameter of the lower pressure cover is equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the structural base. When the lower pressure column enters the hollow cavity of the central column, the lower pressure cover enters the structural base.

3. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side wall of the structural base is also provided with an exhaust hole, which is used to balance the air pressure inside the structural base; The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure also includes: A temperature regulating unit is provided, which is arranged around the side wall of the structural base and offset from the exhaust hole, for regulating the internal temperature of the hollow cavity of the structural base.

4. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the central column is provided with a first support part along its circumference; The structural base also includes: The second support portion is disposed in the hollow cavity of the structural base along the circumference of the structural base. The middle part of the second support portion forms a receiving space for inserting the central column, and the gas in the hollow cavity of the structural base can bypass / pass through the second support portion and be discharged from the exhaust hole. Wherein, after the central column is inserted into the receiving space, the second support part supports the first support part.

5. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second support part is a ring structure and is disposed on the inner side wall of the structural base, and the inner hole of the second support part forms the receiving space; The second support is vertically provided with a first airflow channel, which is connected to the hollow cavity of the structural base and the exhaust hole respectively.

6. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A second airflow channel is formed between the inner wall of the central column and the lower pressure column. When the lower pressure column is inserted into the hollow cavity of the central column, the gas inside the central column can flow out from the second airflow channel into the hollow cavity of the structural base to balance the air pressure inside the central column.

7. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Also includes: A first open-loop structure is fitted into the first mounting groove to support the inner ring of the disc spring by its inner edge.

8. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom inner side wall of the lower pressure cover has a second mounting groove along its circumference. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure also includes: The second open-loop structure is embedded in the second mounting groove. The lowest point of the second open-loop structure corresponds to the inner side of the outer edge of the disc spring, and the bottom surface of the second open-loop structure is set as an arc-shaped structure.

9. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The first protrusion is disposed above the first open-ring structure along the circumference of the central column and facing the inner wall of the disc spring, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the disc spring and the outer wall of the first protrusion.

10. The disc spring mechanical curve testing structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower pressure cover includes a lower pressure plate and a lower pressure ring; The lower pressure plate is coaxially connected to the middle of the lower pressure column; the lower pressure ring is an annular structure and is arranged along the circumference of the lower pressure plate on the outer edge of the lower pressure plate, and the inner sidewall of the end of the lower pressure ring is provided with the second mounting groove.

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