Wide range wind shear generation system, parameter determination method, and parameter control method

Abstract

The application relates to a wide-range wind shear generation system, a parameter determination method and a parameter control method, and belongs to the technical field of wind field simulation. The system comprises a wind field generation device, a wind direction adjusting device and a wind field simulation cabin which are sequentially arranged. The wind field generation device comprises a plurality of fans, the fan is connected with a control module, and the control module is connected with an upper computer. A plurality of wind speed sensors which are located in the wind field simulation cabin and flow to the same fixed section and are connected with the control module are arranged in the wind field simulation cabin. The wind direction adjusting device comprises a mounting frame, a plurality of staggered horizontal rods and vertical rods are rotationally connected in the mounting frame, driving pieces which drive the horizontal rods and the vertical rods to rotate and are connected with the control module are arranged on the mounting frame, each horizontal rod and vertical rod is fixedly connected with a baffle, and the edges of two adjacent baffles are attached to each other when all the baffles are located in the same plane. The application has the effects of comprehensively understanding the performance and safety characteristics of an aircraft in a complex and changeable low-altitude wind environment and providing safety guarantee.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of wind field simulation, and in particular to a wide-range wind shear generation system, parameter determination method, and parameter control method. Background Technology

[0002] As a typical representative of new productive forces, the low-altitude economy has been clearly listed as a strategic emerging industry in my country, with huge development potential and broad market prospects. Low-altitude flight activities, as the final output of the low-altitude economy, cover many fields, such as general aviation, drone logistics, and low-altitude tourism, and are of great significance to promoting economic growth, facilitating industrial upgrading, and improving the level of social services.

[0003] The complex wind environment at low altitudes severely restricts the development of the low-altitude economy. Wind shear, gusts, and other complex wind conditions pose a strong threat to flight safety, greatly limiting low-altitude flight activities. In reality, the complex wind environment at low altitudes is dynamically changing, with wind shear and gusts being random and uncertain. Existing wind tunnel devices mostly generate stable wind fields and do not incorporate the generation of complex and subtle wind conditions such as weak shear flow into their core design objectives. This makes it impossible to realistically reproduce the dynamic changes in wind shear and gusts in low-altitude wind environments. Consequently, when using existing wind tunnel devices for aircraft testing, only performance data under single, stable wind conditions can be obtained. There is a lack of effective assessment of the response characteristics under complex combinations of wind conditions such as continuously changing wind shear, gusts, and weak shear flow. This means that when aircraft are actually deployed in low-altitude flight activities, their safety and reliability cannot be fully guaranteed in the face of complex and variable low-altitude wind environments, increasing the risk of flight accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To gain a comprehensive understanding of the performance and safety characteristics of aircraft in complex and variable low-altitude wind environments and to provide sufficient safety assurance, this application provides a wide-range wind shear generation system, a parameter determination method, and a parameter control method.

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a wide-range wind shear generation system, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A wide-range wind shear generation system includes a wind field generating device and a wind field simulation chamber, wherein a wind direction adjustment device is provided between the wind field generating device and the wind field simulation chamber.

[0007] The wind farm generating device includes multiple fans, each fan is connected to a control module, the control module is connected to a host computer, and each fan is also equipped with a speed sensor, which is connected to the control module.

[0008] The wind field simulation cabin is provided with a plurality of wind speed sensors for detecting the shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin, the plurality of wind speed sensors are located on the same fixed profile in the wind field simulation cabin, and the wind speed sensors are connected with the upper computer;

[0009] The wind direction adjusting device comprises a mounting frame, a plurality of staggered horizontal rods and vertical rods are rotationally connected in the mounting frame, a plurality of driving members for driving the horizontal rods and vertical rods to rotate are arranged on the mounting frame, the driving members correspond to the horizontal rods and vertical rods one by one, the driving members are connected with the control module, and each horizontal rod and vertical rod is fixedly connected with a baffle.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the rotation speed of each fan is adjusted in real time through the linkage of the control module and the upper computer, the wind speed sensors arranged in the wind field simulation cabin synchronously collect the wind speed on the same profile and calculate the actual shear rate through the control module, the upper computer drives the horizontal rods and vertical rods to rotate to realize fine adjustment of the angle of the baffle, the inclination angle of the baffle is controlled, the local wind field flow direction is changed, the difference between the actual shear rate and the target shear rate is adjusted, the low-altitude complex wind environment is accurately simulated, and sufficient safety guarantee is provided for comprehensive understanding of the performance and safety characteristics of the aircraft under extreme conditions.

[0011] Optionally, the wind field generating device and the wind direction adjusting device are provided with a honeycomb plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the introduction of the honeycomb plate significantly improves the performance and reliability of the wide-range wind shear generation system through multiple mechanisms such as rectification, voltage stabilization, noise reduction and equipment protection.

[0013] Optionally, the honeycomb plate and the wind field simulation cabin are provided with a damping net.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, the introduction of the damping net significantly improves the wind field quality and experimental environment stability of the wide-range wind shear generation system through multiple mechanisms such as secondary rectification, noise reduction, buffering and filtering.

[0015] In the second aspect, the application provides a parameter determination method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0016] A parameter determination method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, applied to the wide-range wind shear generation system in the first aspect, and characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0017] Obtaining multiple sets of simulation data, each set of simulation data including fan rotating speeds of each row or each column in the wind field generating device and wind speeds detected by multiple wind speed sensors in the wind field simulation cabin at a fixed profile;

[0018] Constructing a linear regression model based on the fan rotating speeds and the corresponding wind speeds;

[0019] Based on the linear regression model, inversely designing to obtain a distribution formula of the fan rotating speeds on the row or column of the target shear profile.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, by collecting actual fan rotating speed-wind speed data pairs, a linear regression model is constructed, and by inversely designing the linear regression model, a distribution formula of the fan rotating speeds on the row or column of the target shear profile is obtained, so as to realize customized adjustment of shear flow and accurate simulation of low-altitude complex wind environment, thereby providing sufficient safety guarantee for comprehensively understanding the performance and safety characteristics of the aircraft under extreme conditions.

[0021] Optionally, the linear regression model is =A +b;

[0022] Calculating the coefficient matrix and the bias matrix based on the LASSO regression algorithm;

[0023] wherein, is the distribution of the fan rotating speeds on the row or column, is the wind speed of a fixed profile, A is the coefficient matrix of the linear regression model, and b is the bias matrix of the linear regression model.

[0024] Optionally, the distribution formula of the fan rotating speeds on the row or column of the target shear profile is: = wherein, is the distribution formula of the fan rotating speeds on the row or column, A is the coefficient matrix of the linear regression model, and b is the bias matrix of the linear regression model, is the speed of the target shear profile.

[0025] Optionally, in the case that there is a difference between the actual shear rate and the target shear rate, the Nelder-Mead method and the genetic algorithm are used to determine the target swing angle of the baffle, the target frequency, and the fan rotating speed adjustment value to adjust the actual shear rate.

[0026] In a third aspect, the application provides a parameter control method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0027] A parameter control method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, applied to an upper computer, comprising:

[0028] acquire a target shear rate;

[0029] The wind turbine rotation speed distribution on the row or column based on the target shear profile wind turbine rotation speed distribution formula and the target shear rate determines the wind turbine rotation speed distribution on the row or column.

[0030] Based on the wind turbine rotation speed distribution on the row or column, the target rotation speed of each wind turbine is determined.

[0031] Based on the target rotation speed, the corresponding wind turbine is controlled by the control module to obtain the target shear rate.

[0032] By adopting the above technical scheme, the wind turbine rotation speed distribution on the row or column corresponding to the target shear rate is determined through the wind turbine rotation speed distribution formula on the row or column of the target shear profile, so as to solve the problem of wide range wind shear customization generation in low altitude airspace, so that small shear rate shear inflow generation can be realized, and large shear rate shear inflow generation can also be realized, thereby providing sufficient safety guarantee for comprehensively understanding the performance and safety characteristics of the aircraft under extreme conditions.

[0033] Optionally, in the control of the rotation speed of the corresponding wind turbine of the wind field generating device based on the target rotation speed by the control module, it further comprises:

[0034] Real-time acquisition of the target rotation speed and the actual rotation speed;

[0035] Calculate the error value between the target rotation speed and the actual rotation speed;

[0036] Based on the error value and the PID algorithm, a correction value is calculated;

[0037] Based on the correction value, the rotation speed of the wind turbine is adjusted.

[0038] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the initial control based on the wind turbine rotation speed distribution formula is completed, the real-time rotation speed feedback and the PID closed-loop correction mechanism are introduced, which can significantly improve the dynamic tracking accuracy, anti-interference ability and long-term stability of the wide range wind shear generation system.

[0039] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0040] Real-time acquisition of the actual shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin after adjusting the rotation speed of the wind turbine;

[0041] In the case that the actual shear rate and the target shear rate are different, the average value of the overall difference between the target shear flow velocity profile and the actual shear flow velocity profile is taken as a global objective function, and the average value of the difference between the velocity profile of the preset region and the target velocity profile corresponding to the preset region is taken as a local objective function.

[0042] The optimization of the local target function drags the optimization of the corresponding local position of the target swing angle, the target frequency and the fan speed adjustment value, and the optimization of the global target function drags the optimization of the overall target swing angle, the target frequency and the fan speed adjustment value.

[0043] By adopting the technical scheme, high-precision speed control fans and precise closed-loop speed regulation methods are adopted, wide-range shear inflow generation devices are constructed by combining the angles and frequencies of the baffles, and a genetic algorithm based on the descending simplex is adopted to perform data-driven non-model optimization on distributed control parameters, so as to realize precise customized generation of wide-range shear inflows.

[0044] In the technical scheme, the control module is linked with the upper computer to adjust the rotating speeds of the fans in real time, multiple wind speed sensors arranged in the wind field simulation cabin synchronously collect wind speeds on the same profile and calculate actual shear rates through the control module, the upper computer independently drives the horizontal rod-vertical rod to rotate to realize fine adjustment of the angles of the baffles, the inclination angles of the baffles are controlled to change the flow direction of the local wind field, the difference between the actual shear rate and the target shear rate is adjusted, precise simulation of the low-altitude complex wind environment is realized, in the technical scheme, the linear reverse design method is adopted to obtain the approximate position of the target shear flow field, a non-model method based on distributed control is adopted to perform fine design on the wide-range shear inflow, the design error with the expected flow field is reduced, sufficient safety is provided for comprehensive understanding of the performance and safety characteristics of the aircraft under extreme conditions, and the technical scheme provides basic equipment support for aerodynamic and flight control performance tests of low-altitude aircrafts under wide-range wind shear conditions and helps low-altitude flight safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a wide-range wind shear generation system in the embodiment of the application.

[0046] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a wind field generation device in the embodiment of the application.

[0047] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a control module in the embodiment of the application.

[0048] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a wind direction adjustment device in the embodiment of the application.

[0049] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application when all the baffles are in the same plane, and the edges of two adjacent baffles are attached.

[0050] Figure 6 is a flowchart of a parameter determination method of a wide-range wind shear generation system embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0051] Figure 7 is a flowchart of a parameter control method of a wide-range wind shear generation system embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of closed-loop control of the fan rotating speed by using PID embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0053] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of target shear rate and actual shear rate embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0054] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of parameter adjustment by using genetic algorithm based on the descent simplex method embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0055] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of combination of the PID controller and the genetic algorithm based on the descent simplex method embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0056] In the figure, 1, wide-range wind shear generation system; 11, wind field generating device; 111, fan; 1111, rotating speed sensor; 12, wind field simulation cabin; 121, wind speed sensor; 13, wind direction adjusting device; 131, mounting frame; 132, horizontal rod; 133, vertical rod; 134, driving member; 135, baffle; 136, control module; 137, upper computer; 14, honeycomb plate; 15, damping net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0058] The present embodiments are merely explanatory of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to the present embodiments without creative contribution after reading the present specification, and the modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative contribution fall within the scope of the present application.

[0060] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0061] Before describing the embodiments, the intensity of wind shear needs to be explained. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) classifies wind shear intensity into four levels, as shown in Table 1. Currently, most devices cannot generate shear rates of 0–0.2 s. -1 The shearing flow.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] The embodiments of this application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] This application provides a wide-range wind shear generation system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the wide-range wind shear generation system 1 includes a wind field generating device 11 and a wind field simulation chamber 12, and a wind direction adjustment device 13 is provided between the wind field generating device 11 and the wind field simulation chamber 12.

[0066] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the wind farm generating device 11 includes multiple fans 111. In this embodiment, the wind farm generating device 11 consists of 13*13 fans 111, and 3×3 fans 111 are grouped into a fan module. Each fan module is powered by a 2kW single-phase power supply. Each fan module is connected to a control module 136. There can be one or more control modules 136, or one control module 136 per fan module. There is no specific limitation as long as it can control all fans 111. The control module 136 can be wirelessly connected to the fan 111 or electrically connected to the fan 111. The control module 136 is connected to a host computer 137. The speed of the fan 111 is controlled by the host computer 137 and the control module 136. A speed sensor 1111 is also provided on the fan 111. The speed sensor 1111 is connected to the control module 136. In this embodiment, the speed sensor 1111 is a Hall element, and the control module 136 is a 3... The PCS STM32 microcontroller, control module 136 and host computer 137 communicate using a network cable and switch, which enables faster transmission of signals compared to the CAN bus method.

[0067] The wind field simulation cabin 12 is provided with a plurality of wind speed sensors 121 for detecting the shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin 12. The plurality of wind speed sensors 121 are located on the same fixed profile in the wind field simulation cabin 12 and are uniformly distributed. The wind speed sensor 121 is wirelessly connected to the upper computer 137. In this embodiment, the wind speed sensor 121 is a pitot tube or a hot-wire anemometer. The wind field simulation cabin 12 can be an open wind tunnel or a closed wind tunnel, which is not limited here.

[0068] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the wind direction adjusting device 13 comprises a mounting frame 131, a plurality of staggered horizontal rods 132 and vertical rods 133 are rotatably connected in the mounting frame 131, a plurality of driving members 134 for driving the rotation of the horizontal rods 132 and the vertical rods 133 are arranged on the mounting frame 131, the driving member 134 is a stepping motor, each horizontal rod 132 and each vertical rod 133 corresponds to one driving member 134, the driving member 134 is connected with the control module 136. The control module 136 here can be the control module for controlling the fan 111 or a new control module, which is not limited here. Each horizontal rod 132 and vertical rod 133 is fixedly connected with a baffle 135. As shown in Figure 5 , when all the baffles 135 are in the same plane, the edges of the adjacent two baffles 135 are in close contact.

[0069] As shown in Figure 1 , the wind field generating device 11 and the wind direction adjusting device 13 are provided with a honeycomb plate 14, and the honeycomb plate 14 and the wind field simulation cabin 12 are provided with a damping net 15. The honeycomb plate 14 is used for air flow regulation and equalization treatment, and the damping net 15 is used for further adjusting the air flow characteristics and reducing the air flow turbulence degree, so as to make the air flow entering the wind field simulation cabin 12 more uniform and stable, and to provide a required air flow environment for wind shear simulation.

[0070] The application also provides a parameter determination method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, which is applied to the wide-range wind shear generation system as shown in Figure 6 , and the main process of the method is described as follows (steps S101-S103):

[0071] In step S101, a plurality of groups of simulation data are obtained, each group of simulation data comprising the rotation speed of each row or column of fan in the wind field generating device and the wind speed detected by the plurality of wind speed sensors in the wind field simulation cabin on a fixed profile;

[0072] In the embodiment, the fan rotating speed of each row or each column is fixed, and the fan rotating speed of each fan and the wind speed detected by each wind speed sensor in the wind field simulation cabin at the time, i.e., the shear rate generated in the transverse or spanwise direction, are recorded; the fan rotating speed of each row or each column is changed multiple times, and the wind speed generated in the wind field simulation cabin multiple times, i.e., the wind speed detected by each wind speed sensor when the fan rotating speed is changed each time, is obtained; the fan rotating speed and the corresponding wind speed form a set of simulation data, and multiple sets of simulation data are obtained at this time, wherein the fan rotating speed of the fans in each row or each column can be the same or different each time the fan rotating speed is adjusted, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0073] In the embodiment, is the distribution of the fan rotating speed in the row or column, wherein n is the number of rows or columns, and in the embodiment, n = 13, is the wind speed detected by a plurality of wind speed sensors in the wind field simulation cabin flowing to a fixed profile, and in the embodiment, the number of wind speed sensors can be 64, i.e., m = 64, and can also be other numbers, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0074] It should be noted that in the embodiment, the wind speed sensors are numbered according to the arrangement order, so that the shear rate generated in the wind field simulation cabin can be quickly determined according to the arrangement order of the wind speed sensors.

[0075] In step S102, a linear regression model is constructed based on the fan rotating speed and the corresponding wind speed.

[0076] In the embodiment, the fan rotating speed and the corresponding wind speed form a pair of input data and output data, and the mapping relationship between the fan rotating speed and the shear rate is constructed according to the input data and the output data, i.e., given a fan rotating speed input, the estimated value of the real wind speed output can be obtained, and the linear regression model =A +b; the coefficient matrix and the bias matrix are calculated based on the LASSO regression algorithm; wherein, is the distribution of the fan rotating speed in the row or column, is the wind speed of a fixed profile, A is the coefficient matrix of the linear regression model, and b is the bias matrix of the linear regression model.

[0077] In the embodiment, the linear proxy model (A, b) is solved from the input-output matrix by using the regularized linear regression, the linear proxy model (A, b) is converted into a minimum L2 norm problem, and in order to regularize, the L1 norm of A, b is penalized, and therefore the expression of the regression problem is:

[0078] a (| +| ), wherein , A is a coefficient matrix, b is a bias matrix of the linear regression model, R is an input matrix, N date is the number of simulation data sets, is the L1 norm of the matrix A, is the L1 norm of the vector b, is the L2 norm.

[0079] In the present embodiment, it is necessary to use tens of simulation data sets, such as 50 sets, 60 sets.

[0080] Step S103, based on the linear regression model, inverse design is performed to obtain a distribution formula of the fan rotating speed on the row or column of the target shear profile.

[0081] In the present embodiment, after obtaining the linear proxy model (A, b) of the shear flow, the linear proxy model is used to perform inverse design of the target shear flow velocity profile, i.e., the shear rate, and the linear proxy model is used to determine the distribution formula of the fan rotating speed on the row or column closest to the target shear velocity profile:

[0082] , wherein is the distribution formula of the fan rotating speed on the row or column, A is a coefficient matrix of the linear regression model, b is a bias matrix of the linear regression model, is the velocity of the target shear profile.

[0083] It should be noted that due to the high-dimensional nonlinearity of the flow field generated by the wind field generating device, the linear regression model can preliminarily estimate the fan rotating speed distribution under a certain shear rate, but there may still be some differences with the target value, especially under weak shear flow conditions, small amplitude changes in fan rotating speed may cause differences in shear rate. The fan rotating speed distribution obtained by inverse design is used as the initial value of the distributed control non-model customized wide-range shear flow, thereby greatly reducing the iteration space and accelerating the machine learning process of fine shear flow customization.

[0084] In the case where the actual shear rate and the target shear rate differ, the Nelder-Mead method and the genetic algorithm are used to determine the target swing angle of the baffle, the target frequency of the baffle rotation, and the fan rotating speed adjustment value to adjust the actual shear rate, so as to achieve the target shear rate.

[0085] In the present embodiment, an example is used to illustrate the determination of the fan rotating speed.

[0086] , wherein r1 represents the rotating speed of the first row of fans, r2 represents the rotating speed of the second row of fans, and r3 represents the rotating speed of the third row of fans, Four different fan rotating speed combinations are used for testing. ​

[0087] It should be noted that the fan speed of the same row can be the same, and can also be different, which is not specifically limited.

[0088] | Test number | r1 (rpm) | r2 (rpm) | r3 (rpm) |

[0089]

[0090] v1, v2, v3 are the wind speeds measured by the three wind speed sensors flowing to a certain fixed profile, and the corresponding data are as follows:

[0091] | Test number | v1 (m / s) | v2 (m / s) | v3 (m / s) |

[0092] .

[0093] The input matrix R and the output matrix V are respectively: , v= .

[0094] The linear regression model is modeled according to the formula =A +b, and the coefficient matrix A and the bias matrix b are solved using the linear regression method.

[0095] A= , b= .

[0096] For a new fan speed combination of each row, for example =[11,16,21], that is, the fan speed of the first row is 11 rpm, the fan speed of the second row is 16 rpm, and the fan speed of the third row is 21 rpm, and the predicted speed is:

[0097] .

[0098] Linear inverse design of shearing incoming flow to fan speed: target shearing speed profile m / s, that is, at the target measurement profile, the speeds corresponding to the three wind speed sensors are 5.2 m / s, 7.2 m / s and 8.2 m / s respectively.

[0099] The inverse calculation is according to the formula = , r= , then

[0100] Ar+b= , minimize

[0101] .

[0102] By numerical optimization method, assuming to get approximate each row fan speed distribution = rpm, namely the first row fan speed is 13 rpm, the second row fan speed is 18 rpm, and the third row fan speed is 23 rpm.

[0103] The application also provides a parameter control method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, which is applied to a host computer, as shown in FIG. 1, and the main process of the method is described as follows (steps 201-204): Figure 7

[0104] Step 201, obtaining a target shear rate;

[0105] In this embodiment, the user inputs the target shear rate into the host computer through a mouse, a keyboard or other input devices of the host computer, and the host computer obtains the target shear rate.

[0106] Step 202, determining the distribution of fan speeds on rows or columns based on a fan speed determination method and the target shear rate;

[0107] In this embodiment, after the host computer obtains the target shear rate, the distribution of fan speeds on rows or columns corresponding to the target shear rate is calculated by using the above-mentioned fan speed determination method, .

[0108] Step 203, determining a target speed of each fan based on the distribution of fan speeds on rows or columns;

[0109] Step 204, controlling the corresponding fan by using a control module based on the target speed, so as to obtain the target shear rate.

[0110] In this embodiment, the host computer obtains the fan number corresponding to each calculated fan speed, and sends the target speed and the fan number to the control module. The control module determines the fan corresponding to the number in the wind field generating device based on the target speed, and controls the fan with the number in the wind field generating device based on the target speed, wherein the number of the fan in the wind field generating device corresponds to the calculated fan number one by one.

[0111] It should be noted that the fan speeds of the same row or the same column of the wind field generating device can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0112] After the control module controls the speed of the corresponding fan of the wind field generating device based on the target speed, the method further includes: obtaining the target speed and the actual speed in real time; calculating the error value between the target speed and the actual speed; calculating the correction value based on the error value and the PID algorithm; and adjusting the fan speed based on the correction value.​

[0113] Figure 8 The schematic diagram for adopting PID to control the fan speed in a closed loop, wherein target speed is the target speed, speed error is the speed difference, real speed is the actual speed, PID controller is the PID control, MCU is the micro control unit, PWM is the duty cycle, FG signal is the FG signal, in this embodiment, the control module sends the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor to the host computer in real time, the Hall element of the fan outputs a square wave with a corresponding frequency when the magnetic pole of the motor changes alternately, that is, the FG signal, the actual speed is calculated by using the FG signal, the timer peripheral of the control module can generate a high-precision pulse width modulation signal, that is, the PWM signal, which is controlled by 16-bit registers ARR and CCR respectively, the PWM signal with different duty cycles is generated by changing the value of the CCR register, the MOS tube on the H-bridge circuit is turned on and off to simulate the voltage size, the fan speed is changed, when there is an error between the actual speed and the target speed, the error is transmitted to the incremental PID algorithm, the correction amount is calculated, the ARR register value is converted and corrected, the PWM duty cycle is adjusted, and the target speed is iteratively approached to realize precise speed control. In order to avoid current backflow, signal interference and other phenomena, high-speed optocoupler is used to transmit signals; electromagnetic isolation element is used to isolate the controller and the fan power supply, and capacitor is connected in parallel in the circuit for filtering.

[0114] After determining the approximate position of the target shear flow by using the distribution formula of the fan speed on the row or column of the target shear profile, the non-model method of distributed control is used to finely adjust the shear inflow, so as to reduce the design error with the expected flow field.

[0115] Specifically, the actual shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin after adjusting the fan speed is obtained in real time; in the case that there is a difference between the actual shear rate and the target shear rate, the average value of the overall difference between the target shear flow velocity profile and the actual shear flow velocity profile is taken as a global target function, and the average value of the difference between the velocity profile of the preset area and the target velocity profile corresponding to the preset area is taken as a local target function; the optimization of the target swing angle, the target frequency and the fan speed adjustment value of the corresponding local position is dragged by the local target function, and the optimization of the overall target swing angle, the target frequency and the fan speed adjustment value is dragged by the global target function.

[0116] In this embodiment, the user expects to obtain a shear rate as shown in a of Figure 9 However, the actual generated shear rate may have deviations, resulting in a as shown in b of Figure 9The shear rate shown in the middle b needs to reduce the design error with the expected flow field, and the wind direction adjusting device is further adjusted, the shear rate of the adjusted wind field simulation cabin is fed back by the wind speed sensor, and the wind field simulation cabin reaches the target shear rate.

[0117] In this embodiment, the genetic algorithm based on the reduced simplex method is used to adjust the target shear flow with the determined approximate position. The genetic algorithm has the disadvantage of slow convergence in actual application, strong global search ability, but weak local search ability. The reduced simplex method is a gradient-based method, and the search ability of local optimum is very strong.

[0118] In this embodiment, starting from the idea of algorithm mixing, the reduced simplex method is implanted to accelerate the fast search of the algorithm for local optimum, shorten the evolution time of the control law, and complement each other. The genetic algorithm based on the reduced simplex method is as shown in Figure 10 Starting from the first generation, the control law group generated by the genetic random algorithm is tested one by one, and the control target function is calculated based on the information of each sensor. According to the increasing sequence of the target function , the control law group is divided into p subgroups, and the reduced simplex method is executed on each subgroup to calculate the corresponding control target function quantization value; the above control law and the corresponding target function are replaced in the database formed in the evolution process of the genetic algorithm, and a new control law group and the corresponding target function quantization value are obtained. The genetic algorithm uses gene operations such as elite, genetic, hybridization, and mutation to generate the next generation of control law group. Repeat the accelerated learning algorithm of the genetic algorithm based on the reduced simplex, and continuously evolve and iterate until convergence to obtain the optimal control law.

[0119] In this embodiment, starting from the target shear flow, the genetic algorithm based on the reduced simplex method is used to optimize the fan speed, baffle swing angle and baffle rotation frequency, so as to obtain accurate shear flow.

[0120] In this embodiment, first, the target function is defined, the average of the absolute value of the overall difference between the target shear flow velocity profile and the experimental test shear flow velocity profile is defined as the global target function, and the average of the difference between the local wind speed sensor and the corresponding target velocity profile is defined as the local target function. The local target function is used to optimize the local position fan speed, baffle rotation frequency and baffle swing angle, and the global target function is used to optimize the overall distributed control parameters.

[0121] Figure 11The schematic diagram of the PID controller combined with the genetic algorithm based on the reduced simplex method is shown in the figure. When the target shear inflow is obtained by the upper computer, the target shear inflow is input into the inverse design to obtain the distribution of the fan speed in the row or column, so as to determine the target speed of each fan. Then, the target speed is used for rotation, the wind speed sensor is used to determine the experimental test shear flow velocity profile, the wind speed difference value between the target shear flow velocity profile and the experimental test shear flow velocity profile is calculated, the fan speed is optimized through the wind speed difference value and the genetic algorithm based on the reduced simplex method, the speed adjustment value is obtained, the fan speed is controlled by the PID control and the wind speed adjustment value, and the target shear rate is obtained.

[0122] In the technical scheme of the application, the shear inflow with small shear rate can be generated, the shear inflow with large shear rate can be generated, and the shear inflow can be designed reversely by specifying the shear rate, thereby providing basic equipment support for the aerodynamic and flight control performance test of the low-altitude aircraft under the wide-range wind shear condition, and assisting the low-altitude flight safety.

[0123] The terms "comprising", "containing", or any other similar term are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or other elements inherent in such process, method, article or device.

[0124] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the application range involved in the application is not limited to the technical scheme formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, and also covers other technical schemes formed by any combination of the above technical features or equivalent features without departing from the above application concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions applied in the application (but not limited to) to form the technical scheme.

Claims

1. A parameter determination method of a wide-range wind shear generation system, applied to a wide-range wind shear generation system, characterized in that, The system comprises a wind field generating device and a wind field simulation cabin, and a wind direction adjusting device is arranged between the wind field generating device and the wind field simulation cabin; The wind field generating device comprises a plurality of fans, the fans are connected with control modules, the control modules are connected with an upper computer, and a rotating speed sensor is further arranged on the fan, and the rotating speed sensor is connected with the control module; A plurality of wind speed sensors for detecting the shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin are arranged in the wind field simulation cabin, the plurality of wind speed sensors are located on the same fixed profile in the wind field simulation cabin, and the wind speed sensors are connected with the upper computer; The method comprises: obtaining a plurality of groups of simulation data, each group of simulation data comprising the rotating speed of each row or column of fan in the wind field generating device and the wind speed detected by a plurality of wind speed sensors in the wind field simulation cabin flowing to a certain fixed profile; A linear regression model is constructed based on the rotating speed of the fan and the corresponding wind speed; The linear regression model is ; A coefficient matrix and a bias matrix are calculated based on the LASSO regression algorithm; wherein, is the distribution of the fan rotation speed over the rows or columns, is the wind speed for a certain fixed profile, A is a coefficient matrix of the linear regression model, and b is a bias matrix of the linear regression model; The linear regression model is used for reverse design to obtain a distribution formula of the rotating speed of the fan in the row or column of the target shear profile.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The distribution formula of the fan rotating speed on the row or column of the target shear profile is: wherein, is the distribution formula of the fan rotating speed on the row or column, r is the fan rotating speed on the row or column, A is the coefficient matrix of the linear regression model, b is the bias matrix of the linear regression model, is the velocity of the target shear profile.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, In the case that there is a difference between the actual shear rate and the target shear rate, the falling simplex method and the genetic algorithm are used to determine the target swing angle of the baffle, the target frequency and the rotating speed adjustment value of the fan, so as to adjust the actual shear rate.

4. A wide range wind shear generating system characterized by, The system comprises a wind field generating device and a wind field simulation cabin, and a wind direction adjusting device is arranged between the wind field generating device and the wind field simulation cabin; The wind field generating device comprises a plurality of fans, the fans are connected with control modules, the control modules are connected with an upper computer, and a rotating speed sensor is further arranged on the fan, and the rotating speed sensor is connected with the control module; A plurality of wind speed sensors for detecting the shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin are arranged in the wind field simulation cabin, the plurality of wind speed sensors are located on the same fixed profile in the wind field simulation cabin, and the wind speed sensors are connected with the upper computer; The system is used for realizing the parameter determination method of the wide-range wind shear generation system according to any one of claims 1-3.

5. The wide range wind shear generating system of claim 4, wherein, The wind direction adjusting device comprises a mounting frame, a plurality of staggered horizontal rods and vertical rods are rotatably connected in the mounting frame, a plurality of driving members for driving the horizontal rods and the vertical rods to rotate are arranged on the mounting frame, the driving members correspond to the horizontal rods and the vertical rods one by one, the driving members are connected with the control module, and each horizontal rod and each vertical rod is fixedly connected with a baffle.

6. A wide range wind shear generating system according to claim 4, wherein, A honeycomb plate is arranged between the wind field generating device and the wind direction adjusting device.

7. A wide range wind shear generating system according to claim 6, wherein, A damping net is arranged between the honeycomb plate and the wind field simulation cabin.

8. A method of parameter control for a wide range wind shear generation system, characterized by, The application is applied to the upper computer and comprises: Obtaining a target shear rate; The distribution of the rotating speed of the fan in the row or column of the target shear profile obtained by the parameter determination method of the wide-range wind shear generation system according to any one of claims 1-3 is used to determine the distribution of the rotating speed of the fan in the row or column; The target rotating speed of each fan in the wind field generating device is determined based on the distribution of the rotating speed of the fan in the row or column; The target rotating speed is used to control the rotating speed of the fan of the wind field generating device by the control module to obtain a target shear rate.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, After the rotating speed of the fan of the wind field generating device is controlled by the control module based on the target rotating speed, the method further comprises: real-time acquisition of the target rotating speed and the actual rotating speed; calculation of an error value between the target rotating speed and the actual rotating speed; calculation of a correction value based on the error value and a PID algorithm; adjustment of the rotating speed of the fan based on the correction value.

10. A method of parameter control of a wide range wind shear generation system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The method further comprises: real-time acquisition of the actual shear rate in the wind field simulation cabin after the rotating speed of the fan is adjusted; in the case that there is a difference between the actual shear rate and the target shear rate, the average value of the overall difference between the target shear flow velocity profile and the actual shear flow velocity profile is taken as a global target function, and the average value of the difference between the velocity profile of the preset region and the target velocity profile corresponding to the preset region is taken as a local target function; optimization of the target swing angle, the target frequency and the fan rotating speed adjustment value of the corresponding local position is driven by the local target function, and optimization of the overall target swing angle, the target frequency and the fan rotating speed adjustment value is driven by the global target function.

Images