Simulation experiment device for impact of landslide surge on pier

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation experiment device for impact of landslide surge on a pier. The simulation experiment device comprises an experiment pool, a pier model and a sample preparation groove, inclined bank slopes are arranged on the two sides of the experiment pool, and water is injected into the experiment pool; the pier model is fixedly mounted on a bank slope, one side of the pier model is adjacent to water, and a detection mechanism is fixedly mounted on the pier model; a walking mechanism along the bank slope direction is arranged on the bank slope on one side of the experimental pool, the sample preparation tank is mounted on the walking mechanism, and a distance adjusting mechanism perpendicular to the bank slope direction is further mounted at the bottom of the sample preparation tank. According to the invention, earthworks with different densities and types can be automatically manufactured in the sample preparation tank, and real earthwork collapse can be simulated, so that various landslide surges generated in a natural environment are really simulated, an impact test of a pier structure is carried out, and experimental data are ensured to be real and reliable; therefore, the safety and reliability of bridge structures in different regions can be improved by analyzing the experiment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge safety, in particular to a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers. BACKGROUND

[0002] Landslide surge is a natural disaster that usually occurs in mountainous areas with complex geological conditions and river junctions. This phenomenon forms extremely high-energy waves in water bodies, which can cause great damage to nearby buildings and infrastructure, especially to the pier structure in water. Traditional wave prevention measures, such as setting up breakwaters and wave barriers, can alleviate the impact of surges to some extent, but cannot completely eliminate their destructive effects, especially in extreme conditions. In addition, existing simulation experiment devices often cannot truly simulate the complexity and diversity of landslide surges in natural environments, especially the uncontrollable factors such as soil density of different regional slopes and landslide size, which makes the impact test of pier structure have certain limitations.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an experiment device that can effectively simulate the impact of landslide surges on piers to improve the safety and reliability of bridge structures. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers, which can solve the problem of uncontrollable factors such as soil density of different regional slopes and landslide size, making the impact test of pier structure have certain limitations.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers, comprising an experiment pool, a pier model and a sample preparation tank; Both sides of the experiment pool are provided with inclined shore slopes, and the inside of the experiment pool is filled with water; The pier model is fixedly installed on the shore slope and adjacent to the water on one side, and a detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the pier model; A walking mechanism along the shore slope direction is provided on the shore slope of one side of the experiment pool, the sample preparation tank is installed on the walking mechanism, and a distance adjusting mechanism perpendicular to the shore slope direction is further installed at the bottom of the sample preparation tank. The distance adjusting mechanism can continuously adjust the position of the sample preparation tank in the direction perpendicular to the shore slope to simulate the surge generated by continuous soil collapse; A horizontally slidable soil pushing plate is installed inside the sample preparation tank, a vertically liftable limiting plate is installed at one end of the sample preparation tank close to the water surface, a knife edge is provided at the bottom of the limiting plate, and a pressure detector is fixedly installed on one end face of the soil pushing plate close to the limiting plate.

[0006] Preferably, a pair of first hydraulic cylinders are installed at one end of the sample preparation tank away from the limiting plate, the telescopic ends of the pair of first hydraulic cylinders penetrate into the interior of the sample preparation tank and are fixedly connected with the earthwork pushing plate, and the pair of first hydraulic cylinders can drive the earthwork pushing plate to move and extrude the earthwork. The pair of first hydraulic cylinders can drive the earthwork pushing plate to move and push the earthwork to move.

[0007] Preferably, a pair of second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the two side walls of the sample preparation tank, the telescopic ends of the pair of second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the two sides of the limiting plate respectively, and the second hydraulic cylinders can drive the limiting plate to ascend and descend to cut the earthwork and make the earthwork collapse and fall. The top of the earthwork pushing plate is provided with a baffle.

[0008] Preferably, a through groove matched with the blade is formed in the sample preparation tank, and the blade is inserted into the through groove.

[0009] Preferably, the walking mechanism comprises a shore rail and a walking block, the shore rail is fixedly installed on the shore slope, the walking block is fixedly installed below the sample preparation tank, the walking block is slidingly sleeved on the shore rail, a plurality of motor-driven wheels are installed on the inner side wall of the walking block, and the plurality of motor-driven wheels are used to drive the walking block to autonomously walk and move on the shore rail.

[0010] Preferably, the distance adjusting mechanism comprises a pair of distance adjusting seats and a pair of sliding seats, the pair of distance adjusting seats are fixedly connected with the walking block, a lead screw is rotatably connected in each of the pair of distance adjusting seats, a servo motor is fixedly connected at one end of each of the pair of distance adjusting seats, and the rotor shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw. The pair of sliding seats are fixedly connected at the bottom end of the sample preparation tank, and the pair of sliding seats are slidingly connected in the pair of distance adjusting seats respectively, and a screw hole matched with the lead screw is formed in each of the pair of sliding seats.

[0011] Preferably, the pair of first hydraulic cylinders are connected with a servo driving system, and the pressure and stroke of the pair of first hydraulic cylinders are controlled through the servo driving system.

[0012] Preferably, the detection mechanism comprises a plurality of fixed rings, and the plurality of fixed rings are fixedly installed at different heights of the pier model. A sensor array is fixedly installed on each of the plurality of fixed rings.

[0013] Preferably, the sensor array comprises a plurality of circumferentially arranged sensors, wherein at least four pressure sensors installed in different directions are included.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of circumferentially arranged sensors further comprise, but are not limited to, water quality sensors, temperature sensors, and vibration sensors.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: The application can autonomously make different densities and types of earthwork inside the sample making groove, can simulate real earthwork collapse, thereby truly simulating various landslides and surges generated in natural environment, and can perform impact test on the bridge pier structure, so as to ensure that experimental data are real and reliable, and to improve the safety and reliability of bridge structures in different regions through analysis of the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application, Figure 2 A partial explosion of a sample making groove of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application Figure 1 , Figure 3 A partial explosion of a sample making groove of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application Figure 2 , Figure 4 Another use state structural diagram of a sample making groove of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application, Figure 5 A landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application Figure 4 An enlarged view of A in the device, Figure 6 A structural diagram of a detection mechanism of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application, Figure 7 A side view sectional schematic diagram of a sample making groove of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application, Figure 8 Another use state structural diagram of a sample making groove of a landslide surge impact simulation experiment device for bridge piers according to the present application, Figure 7 An enlarged view of B in the device.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Experimental pool; 2. Bridge pier model; 3. Sample preparation trough; 301. Through trough; 4. Shore rail; 5. Walking block; 501. Motor drive wheel; 6. Detection mechanism; 601. Fixed ring; 602. Sensor array; 7. Earthwork push plate; 701. Baffle; 702. Pressure detector; 8. First hydraulic cylinder; 9. Limit plate; 901. Blade; 10. Second hydraulic cylinder; 11. Distance adjustment seat; 12. Servo motor; 13. Screw; 14. Sliding seat; 1401. Screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surges on bridge piers. The device comprises an experimental pool 1, a pier model 2, and a sample preparation tank 3. The experimental pool 1 has inclined banks on both sides and is filled with water to a certain depth. The pier model 2 is fixed to the bank, simulating the installation method of an actual bridge pier, with one side adjacent to the water. When a landslide surge occurs, the side adjacent to the water will be significantly impacted.

[0021] like Figure 6 As shown, a detection mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the pier model 2, wherein the detection mechanism 6 includes multiple groups of fixing rings 601, and the multiple groups of fixing rings 601 are respectively fixedly installed at different heights of the pier model 2 to detect the impact of surge waves on different height positions of the pier model 2.

[0022] A sensor array 602 is fixedly installed on multiple groups of fixed rings 601. The sensor array 602 includes multiple sensors arranged in a circle, including at least four pressure sensors installed in different directions. Through the four pressure sensors in different directions, the impact force generated by the landslide surge on the pier model 2 in different directions can be detected.

[0023] It's worth noting that the impact of landslide surges on bridge piers is also affected by factors such as water quality and temperature. Water quality varies in different regions, and temperatures vary in different seasons. Therefore, the impact of landslide surges on bridge piers varies in different regions and seasons. To enhance the credibility of the simulation results, multiple sensors arranged in a circular pattern, including but not limited to water quality and temperature sensors, are used to accurately capture various experimental parameters. This allows for simulations of landslide surge impacts on bridge piers in different regions and seasons, thereby enhancing the reliability of the experimental results.

[0024] In addition, it should be noted that the plurality of circumferentially arranged sensors can also include a vibration sensor, which can detect the vibration of the bridge pier caused by the landslide surge impact in the experiment, so as to consider this factor in the design of the bridge pier to optimize the safety and reliability of the bridge pier.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2 The inside of the sample preparation tank 3 is provided with a soil pushing plate 7 that can slide horizontally. The end of the sample preparation tank 3 away from the limiting plate 9 is provided with a pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8. The extension ends of the pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8 penetrate into the inside of the sample preparation tank 3 and are fixedly connected with the soil pushing plate 7. The pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8 can drive the soil pushing plate 7 to move and extrude the soil.

[0026] Specifically, China has a vast territory, and the geographical environment in different regions is obviously different, so the soil types and densities in different regions are different, and the landslide surges generated thereby are fundamentally different. In order to truly simulate the impact of landslide surges in different regions on the bridge pier, the soil in different regions can be collected for experiment. During the experiment, the soil collected from a certain region is added to the inside of the sample preparation tank 3, and then the soil pushing plate 7 is moved and extruded by the pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8. According to the detected soil density of the region, the soil in the sample preparation tank 3 is extruded into soil of the corresponding density, that is, the real soil model of the region can be prepared. In this way, by preparing soil models in different regions, the landslide surge phenomenon caused by the collapse of soil in different regions can be truly simulated, and the reliability of the experimental data can be significantly improved.

[0027] The end surface of the soil pushing plate 7 close to the limiting plate 9 is fixedly provided with a pressure detector 702. The pressure detector 702 can be used to monitor the pressure of the soil in real time, and the density of the soil can be calculated according to the soil pressure.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The end of the sample preparation tank 3 close to the water surface is provided with a limiting plate 9 that can be vertically lifted. A pair of second hydraulic cylinders 10 are fixedly installed on the two side walls of the sample preparation tank 3. The extension ends of the pair of second hydraulic cylinders 10 are fixedly connected with the two sides of the limiting plate 9, and the second hydraulic cylinders 10 can drive the limiting plate 9 to lift. The bottom of the limiting plate 9 is provided with a knife edge 901, so that the limiting plate 9 can easily cut the soil when it is lifted, and the soil can collapse and fall.

[0029] Specifically, after the second hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the limiting plate 9 to rise, the end of the sample preparation groove 3 close to the bank slope is opened, and the pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8 can drive the earth pushing plate 7 to move towards the side close to the limiting plate 9, gradually pushing part of the earth out of the sample preparation groove 3, at this time, part of the earth is exposed and located above the bank slope. Then the second hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the limiting plate 9 to descend to cut the earth, so that the exposed earth falls under the action of gravity. In this way, the landslide surge phenomenon caused by the real bank slope collapse in the corresponding area can be simulated, and the authenticity of the experiment and the reliability of the experimental data are significantly improved.

[0030] In addition, as shown in Figure 7 , the top of the earth pushing plate 7 is provided with a baffle 701, which can limit the earth located inside the sample preparation groove 3 from above to prevent the whole earth from sliding down during the cutting process.

[0031] It is worth noting that, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 8 , a through groove 301 matched with the blade 901 is formed on the sample preparation groove 3, and when the limiting plate 9 falls into the sample preparation groove 3, the blade 901 is inserted into the through groove 301. In this way, not only can the bottom of the limiting plate 9 be limited during the extrusion of the earth to improve the structural strength of the limiting plate 9, but also can ensure that the earth is completely cut off during the cutting process, so that the earth can fall smoothly and automatically, and the experiment can be carried out smoothly.

[0032] The pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8 are connected to a servo drive system, and the pressure and stroke of the pair of first hydraulic cylinders 8 are controlled by the servo drive system. The pressure detector 702 is connected to the servo drive system, and the pressure data fed back by the pressure detector 702 is used to control the extrusion force of the earth pushing plate 7 on the earth through the first hydraulic cylinder 8, so that earth of different densities in different regions can be automatically prepared.

[0033] The stroke of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is controlled by the servo drive system, which can control the length of the earth pushing plate 7 pushing the earth to move when the earth is pushed out of the sample preparation groove 3, so as to control the length of the exposed earth, and further control the thickness of the cut earth. In this way, the collapse amount of the earth can be flexibly adjusted, so that the landslide surge phenomenon caused by different collapse amounts can be automatically simulated to adapt to the diversity of the experiment.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a walking mechanism along the direction of the bank slope is arranged on the bank slope of one side of the experimental pool 1, which includes a bank rail 4 and a walking block 5. The bank rail 4 is fixedly installed on the bank slope, and the walking block 5 is slidingly sleeved on the bank rail 4. A plurality of motor driven wheels 501 are installed on the inner side wall of the walking block 5, which are used to drive the walking block 5 to move on the bank rail 4.

[0035] The sample preparation tank 3 is installed above the walking block 5, that is, the walking block 5 can drive the sample preparation tank 3 to move along the shore slope on the shore rail 4, so as to adjust the position of the sample preparation tank 3 on the shore slope, so as to carry out experiments at different positions of the shore slope, and further adjust the distance between the pier model 2 and the landslide position, test the impact force of the landslide surge at different distances on the pier model 2, and further improve the diversity of the experiment.

[0036] The bottom of the sample preparation tank 3 is also provided with a distance adjusting mechanism perpendicular to the direction of the shore slope. The distance adjusting mechanism can continuously adjust the position of the sample preparation tank 3 in the direction perpendicular to the shore slope, so as to simulate the surge generated by continuous earth collapse.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the distance adjusting mechanism comprises a pair of distance adjusting seats 11 and a pair of sliding seats 14. The distance adjusting seats 11 are fixedly connected to the walking block 5. The distance adjusting seats 11 are rotatably connected with a lead screw 13 inside. The distance adjusting seats 11 are fixedly connected with a servo motor 12 at one end. The rotor shaft of the servo motor 12 is fixedly connected with the lead screw 13 at one end, which can drive the lead screw 13 to rotate. The sliding seats 14 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sample preparation tank 3. The sliding seats 14 are slidingly connected inside the distance adjusting seats 11. The sliding seats 14 are provided with screw holes 1401 which are threadedly connected with the lead screw 13. The servo motor 12 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate, so that the lead screw 13 can drive the sliding seat 14 to slide inside the distance adjusting seat 11, that is, the sample preparation tank 3 can move in the direction perpendicular to the shore slope.

[0038] Specifically, since the collapse of the shore slope may have continuity, if the outermost shore slope collapses, the adjacent part may also collapse continuously. At this time, the landslide surge generated by continuous collapse is stronger, and the impact on the pier is also greater, so this is a situation that must be considered in the experiment. The continuous collapse may be in the direction of the shore slope, or it may be perpendicular to the shore slope, so both situations need to be considered.

[0039] First, if the shore slope collapses continuously in the direction of the shore slope, the walking block 5 only needs to drive the sample preparation tank 3 to move on the shore rail 4, and at the same time, the first hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the earth pushing plate 7 to push the earth inside the sample preparation tank 3 to move, and then the limiting plate 9 continuously cuts the earth to fall, so as to simulate the landslide surge phenomenon caused by continuous collapse in the direction of the shore slope.

[0040] Second, if the slope collapses continuously along the direction perpendicular to the slope, the servo motor 12 drives the screw rod 13 to rotate, the sliding seat 14 slides in the distance adjusting seat 11, and the sample preparation groove 3 moves perpendicular to the slope direction, and the soil is pushed and cut to simulate the landslide surge caused by the continuous collapse of the slope perpendicular to the slope.

[0041] In summary, the device can simulate various forms of continuous slope collapse to truly simulate the impact of various landslide surges on the bridge pier, and meet the complexity and diversity requirements of landslide surges in the natural environment.

[0042] In use, part of the soil is added to the sample preparation groove 3, then the first hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the soil pushing plate 7 to reciprocate while continuously adding soil to the sample preparation groove 3, until the desired size of soil is obtained by extruding the soil. Then the second hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the limiting plate 9 to rise, and then the first hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the soil pushing plate 7 to push part of the soil out, and then the second hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the limiting plate 9 to descend, and the soil is cut, so that the pushed-out soil naturally falls along the slope inside the experimental pool 1 into the water in the experimental pool 1, to simulate the real slope collapse, and thus simulate the real landslide surge. At this time, the sensor array 602 can obtain multiple impact data of the landslide surge on the bridge pier from multiple directions, and the analysis data can truly restore the impact of the landslide surge on the bridge pier.

[0043] The present application can independently make soil of different densities and types in the sample preparation groove 3, and can simulate real soil collapse, so as to truly simulate various landslide surges generated in the natural environment, and perform impact test on the bridge pier structure, so as to ensure that the experimental data is real and reliable, so as to improve the safety and reliability of the bridge structure in different regions by analyzing the experiment.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A simulation experimental device for landslide surge impact on bridge piers, characterized in that: include: An experimental pool, wherein inclined banks are provided on both sides of the experimental pool, and water is injected into the experimental pool; A bridge pier model, wherein the bridge pier model is fixedly installed on the bank slope and adjacent to water on one side, and a detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the bridge pier model; A sample preparation trough is provided on the bank slope of one side of the experimental pool. A walking mechanism along the bank slope is provided. The sample preparation trough is installed on the walking mechanism. A distance adjustment mechanism perpendicular to the bank slope is also provided at the bottom of the sample preparation trough. The distance adjustment mechanism can continuously adjust the position of the sample preparation trough perpendicular to the bank slope to simulate the surge generated by continuous earthwork collapse. A horizontally sliding earth pushing plate is installed inside the sample preparation trough, a vertically liftable limit plate is installed at one end of the sample preparation trough close to the water surface, a blade is provided at the bottom of the limit plate, and a pressure detector is fixedly installed on one end face of the earth pushing plate close to the limit plate.

2. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of first hydraulic cylinders are installed at one end of the sample preparation trough away from the limit plate. The telescopic ends of the pair of first hydraulic cylinders are both inserted into the interior of the sample preparation trough and fixedly connected to the earthwork push plate. The pair of first hydraulic cylinders can drive the earthwork push plate to move and squeeze to form earthwork. The pair of first hydraulic cylinders can drive the earth-moving push plates to move the earth.

3. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pair of second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on both side walls of the sample preparation trough, and the telescopic ends of the pair of second hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the limit plate. The second hydraulic cylinders can drive the limit plate to rise and fall to cut the earthwork, causing the earthwork to collapse and fall; A baffle is provided on the top of the earth pushing plate.

4. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample preparation groove is provided with a through groove matching the blade, and the blade is inserted into the through groove.

5. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking mechanism includes a shore rail and a walking block. The shore rail is fixedly installed on the shore slope. The walking block is fixedly installed below the sample preparation trough. The walking block is slidably sleeved on the shore rail. Multiple groups of motor drive wheels are installed on the inner side wall of the walking block. The multiple groups of motor drive wheels are used to drive the walking block to move autonomously on the shore rail.

6. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance adjustment mechanism includes a pair of distance adjustment seats and a pair of sliding seats, wherein the pair of distance adjustment seats are fixedly connected to the walking block, the interior of the pair of distance adjustment seats is rotatably connected to a screw rod, one end of the pair of distance adjustment seats is fixedly connected to a servo motor, and the rotor shaft of the servo motor is fixed to one end of the screw rod; A pair of sliding seats are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sample preparation tank, and a pair of sliding seats are respectively slidably connected to the inside of a pair of distance adjustment seats. A pair of sliding seats are provided with screw holes matching the screw rod.

7. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pair of first hydraulic cylinders are both connected to a servo drive system, and the pressure and stroke of the pair of first hydraulic cylinders are controlled by the servo drive system.

8. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism includes multiple sets of fixing rings, which are respectively fixedly installed at different heights of the pier model; A sensor array is fixedly mounted on each of the multiple groups of fixing rings.

9. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sensor array includes a plurality of sensors arranged in a circumferential manner, wherein at least four pressure sensors are installed in different directions.

10. The experimental device for simulating the impact of landslide surge on bridge piers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of sensors arranged in a circle also include a water quality sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor.

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