Aquatic organism diversity investigation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic organism investigation, and discloses an aquatic organism diversity investigation device which comprises an anti-sinking floating plate, a sampling cavity is formed in the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate, a sampling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the sampling cavity, a trigger mechanism is arranged above the sampling cavity, and the trigger mechanism starts the sampling mechanism for sampling. A driving rod drives a sampling unit and a shearing unit to synchronously move downwards, then under the rotation of the driving rod, the sampling unit conveys aquatic plants and other organisms at the water bottom into a sampling cavity, the sampling cavity is gradually filled with a cavity, and the driving rod is provided with a flow speed detection sensor. The flow speed detection sensor detects that the flow speed is reduced, the rotating speed of the driving rod is controlled to be increased, and when the sampling cavity is full and the speed of the driving rod is increased to a certain degree, the shearing unit cuts off plants such as aquatic plants, so that the situation that the device is dragged and wound by the plants such as the aquatic plants, and collection of the device is affected is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquatic organism investigation, in particular to a device for investigating aquatic organism diversity. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key means of assessing the health of freshwater and marine ecosystems, the core task of aquatic organism diversity investigation is to systematically record the composition, abundance and distribution characteristics of various groups such as plankton, benthos, aquatic plants and fish in water bodies. These data are not only important evidence for diagnosing water pollution level, eutrophication trend and invasion of alien species, but also the basis for developing ecological restoration programs and protected area division. Especially in areas with dense submerged vegetation such as shallow lakes and estuarine wetlands, aquatic vascular plants (such as Potamogeton crispus and Vallisneria) and their attached algae, microzoos form a high-complexity "underwater forest" ecosystem, often containing the richest biodiversity hotspots.

[0003] The existing sampling device faces serious challenges when conducting investigations in such densely vegetated waters, directly affecting the completeness and accuracy of the data. On the one hand, in order to more easily collect aquatic organisms, traditional sampling devices will push aside plants such as water grass, or even grab them on the shore, only sampling the water body; on the other hand, they will collect water and plants by breaking them up. The above methods not only cause damage to the ecological environment, but also cannot collect accurate aquatic organisms (such as damage to water grass). SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a device for investigating aquatic organism diversity, which has the advantages of driving the sampling unit and the shearing unit to move downward synchronously, then under the rotation of the driving rod, the sampling unit transports the aquatic organisms such as water grass on the water bottom into the sampling cavity, the inside of the sampling cavity is gradually filled with the cavity, the driving rod is provided with a flow rate detection sensor, in order to ensure the sampling speed, the flow rate detection sensor detects a decrease in flow rate, and the rotation speed of the driving rod is controlled to increase, when the inside of the sampling cavity is filled, the speed of the driving rod increases to a certain extent, and the shearing unit cuts off the aquatic plants such as water grass, thereby avoiding the device from being dragged and entangled by the aquatic plants such as water grass, and affecting the collection of the device, and solving the above problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solutions

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an aquatic biodiversity survey device, comprising an anti-sinking floating plate, a sampling cavity is provided at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate, a sampling mechanism is provided at the bottom of the sampling cavity, a trigger mechanism is provided above the sampling cavity, and the trigger mechanism opens the sampling mechanism to take samples; the sampling mechanism comprises a driving rod, a sampling unit and a shearing unit, the sampling unit and the shearing unit are respectively installed on the driving rod, the driving rod is connected to the trigger mechanism, a stabilizing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate, and the stabilizing mechanism cooperates with the sampling mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of sealed cabins are provided inside the anti-sinking floating plate, and each of the sealed cabins is independently provided.

[0009] Preferably, a sampling channel is provided in the middle portion below the sampling cavity, the sampling unit is located inside the sampling channel, a drainage cavity is provided above the sampling channel and between the anti-sinking floating plate, and the sampling unit and the shearing unit are both located inside the sampling channel.

[0010] Preferably, a driving motor is provided above the driving rod, a filter screen is provided in the upper middle part of the driving rod, the filter screen is connected to the driving rod in a fixed-point rotation manner, a guide slide is provided between the driving rod and the output end of the driving motor, the guide slide is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, the bottom of the guide slide is slidably connected to the top of the driving rod, the filter screen is located inside the drainage cavity, a drainage outlet is opened in the middle of the anti-sinking floating plate, and the guide slide is located in the middle of the drainage outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling unit includes a spiral sampling rod and an arc-shaped material stripping plate, the spiral sampling rod is located inside the sampling channel, and the spiral sampling rod is fixedly connected to the driving rod, the arc-shaped material stripping plate is located above the sampling channel and at the bottom of the filter plate, the arc-shaped material stripping plate is fixedly connected to the driving rod, and a sealing plug is provided at the bottom of the driving rod. When the driving rod moves upward, the sealing plug blocks the bottom of the sampling channel.

[0012] Preferably, the shearing unit includes a carrier plate, a slide groove, a centrifugal block, a tension spring and a shearing knife. The carrier plate is installed on the driving rod, and the carrier plate is located above the sampling unit. The slide groove is opened on the carrier plate, and the centrifugal block is slidably installed in the slide groove. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the centrifugal block and the slide groove. The shearing knife is located on the outside of the centrifugal block, and when the tension spring contracts, the shearing knife is located in the slide groove.

[0013] Preferably, the trigger mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder, an extension rod and a support frame, the support frame is installed above the anti-sinking floating plate, the lifting cylinder is located on the support frame, the extension rod is connected with the output end of the lifting cylinder, the other end of the extension rod penetrates the anti-sinking floating plate and extends to connect with the filter screen plate at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the stabilizing mechanism comprises an automatic pop-up plate, the automatic pop-up plate is located on the lower surface of the anti-sinking floating plate, and the automatic pop-up plate is located outside the sampling cavity, the bottom of the automatic pop-up plate is provided in an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the automatic pop-up plate is provided with a storage unit connected with the filter screen plate.

[0015] Preferably, the storage unit comprises a storage side plate, one end of the storage side plate is rotationally connected with the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate, the bottom of the storage side plate is provided with an arc-shaped connecting rod, and the other end of the arc-shaped connecting rod is connected with the filter screen plate.

[0016] Preferably, a through slot is formed in the side of the sampling cavity, the arc-shaped connecting rod penetrates the through slot, a hinge is arranged between the storage side plate and the anti-sinking floating plate, the storage side plate is arranged to be inclined relative to the hinge, and when the storage side plate is deflected inward, the inner side of the storage side plate is in point contact with the automatic pop-up plate.

[0017] (Three) beneficial effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a water organism diversity investigation device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The water organism diversity investigation device is floated on the water surface by the anti-sinking floating plate, and the sampling cavity is submerged in water. The investigation device is thrown into the water area to be investigated. First, the trigger mechanism is started to drive the stabilizing mechanism on the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate, and the tension between the lower surface of the anti-sinking floating plate and the water surface stabilizes the investigation device on the water surface. At the same time, the trigger mechanism drives the driving rod to move downward, and the driving rod drives the sampling unit and the shearing unit to move downward synchronously. Then, under the rotation of the driving rod, the sampling unit transports the aquatic plants such as waterweeds in the water bottom into the sampling cavity. The inside of the sampling cavity is gradually filled with the cavity. The driving rod is provided with a flow rate detection sensor. In order to ensure the sampling speed, when the flow rate detection sensor detects that the flow rate decreases, the rotation speed of the driving rod is controlled to increase. When the inside of the sampling cavity is filled, the rotation speed of the driving rod increases to a certain extent, and the shearing unit cuts off the aquatic plants, thereby avoiding the influence of the aquatic plants on the collection of the device due to the dragging and winding of the device.

[0020] 2、The aquatic biodiversity investigation device, through the driving motor drives the driving rod to rotate, the filter screen plate is in the stationary state in the drainage cavity when the driving rod rotates, under the action of the trigger mechanism, the driving rod moves up and down, at this time the driving rod can drive the filter screen plate to move up and down, at the same time the driving rod moves up and down relative to the guide sliding cylinder of the driving motor output end, that is, when the driving rod drives the sampling unit and the shearing unit to move to the sampling channel, the filter screen plate moves downward synchronously, when the driving rod rotates, the sampling unit drives the aquatic plants such as water grass at the bottom of the water to the sampling cavity, the water flow enters the drainage cavity and is discharged from the sampling cavity through the drainage port.

[0021] 3、The aquatic biodiversity investigation device, through the spiral sampling rod and the arc-shaped material shifting plate in the sampling unit, under the driving of the driving rod, the spiral sampling rod rotates inside the sampling channel, and then the aquatic plants such as water grass at the bottom of the water are accompanied by the water flow into the sampling cavity through the sampling channel, when the water flow enters above the sampling channel, the arc-shaped material shifting plate rotates synchronously under the driving of the driving rod, and then the aquatic plants such as water grass in the water flow are shifted into the sampling cavity on the outside, so that the aquatic plants in the water flow enter the sampling cavity, when the sampling is completed, the trigger mechanism drives the driving rod to move upward, the driving rod drives the sealing plug to rise, and the sampling channel bottom is blocked by the sealing plug.

[0022] 4、The aquatic biodiversity investigation device, through the carrier plate in the shearing unit rotates under the driving of the driving rod, when the flow rate detection sensor detects that the flow rate decreases, the control driving rod speed is changed to be faster, when the sampling cavity is full, the driving rod speed is changed to a certain degree, under the centrifugal effect, the centrifugal block overcomes the tension of the tension spring, the centrifugal block moves outward in the sliding groove on the carrier plate, the centrifugal block moves into the sampling channel with the shearing knife, and then under the driving of the driving rod, the shearing knife rotates quickly, the aquatic plants in the sampling channel are sheared, so that the plants in the bottom of the water are separated from the device, when the driving rod rotation does not reach a certain degree, the centrifugal block cannot overcome the tension of the tension spring, and under the action of the tension spring, the centrifugal block with the shearing knife is retracted into the sliding groove.

[0023] 5、The aquatic biodiversity investigation device, when the automatic pop-up plate in the stabilizing mechanism is popped up, it is stretched at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate, cooperates with the tension between the lower surface of the anti-sinking floating plate and the water surface, and stabilizes the investigation device on the water surface, initially, the automatic pop-up plate is stored into the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate by the constraint of the storage unit, when the device moves, under the action of the storage unit, the automatic pop-up plate does not have relative impact with the water body, thereby reducing the impact between the automatic pop-up plate and the water, so that the device can move more conveniently in the water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is one of the overall internal sectional view structural schematic diagrams of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the whole stereoscopic structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is the whole front plane structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the second whole internal section stereoscopic structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the third whole internal section stereoscopic structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the sampling mechanism partial stereoscopic structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 It is the A place partial enlarged structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 6

[0031] In the figure: 1, anti-sinking floating plate; 11, sealed cabin; 12, drainage port; 2, sampling cavity; 21, sampling channel; 22, drainage cavity; 23, through groove; 3, sampling mechanism; 31, driving rod; 311, driving motor; 312, filter screen plate; 313, guide sliding cylinder; 32, sampling unit; 321, spiral sampling rod; 322, arc-shaped material shifting plate; 33, shearing unit; 331, carrier plate; 332, sliding chute; 333, centrifugal block; 334, tension spring; 335, shearing knife; 34, sealing plug; 4, trigger mechanism; 41, lifting cylinder; 42, telescopic rod; 43, support frame; 5, stabilizing mechanism; 51, automatic pop-up plate; 52, storage unit; 521, storage side plate; 522, arc-shaped connecting rod; 523, hinge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-7 ​The utility model provides a kind of aquatic biodiversity investigation device, including anti-sinking floating plate 1, the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 is provided with sampling cavity 2, the bottom of the sampling cavity 2 is provided with sampling mechanism 3, the top of the sampling cavity 2 is provided with trigger mechanism 4, and the sampling mechanism 3 is opened to sample;Sampling mechanism 3 includes driving rod 31, sampling unit 32 and shearing unit 33, the sampling unit 32 and the shearing unit 33 are respectively installed on the driving rod 31, the driving rod 31 is connected with the trigger mechanism 4, the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 is provided with stabilizing mechanism 5, and the stabilizing mechanism 5 is linked with the sampling mechanism 3.

[0034] When using, by anti-sinking floating plate 1 float in water surface, sampling cavity 2 sinks in water, throw this investigation device in the water area to be investigated, first start trigger mechanism 4, drive the stabilizing mechanism 5 of anti-sinking floating plate 1 bottom periphery by trigger mechanism 4, cooperate with the tension of the lower surface of anti-sinking floating plate 1 and water surface, stabilize this investigation device on water surface, simultaneously trigger mechanism 4 drives driving rod 31 to move downward, driving rod 31 drives sampling unit 32 and shearing unit 33 to move downward synchronously, then under the rotation of driving rod 31, sampling unit 32 transports aquatic plants such as water grass in water bottom to sampling cavity 2, the inside of sampling cavity 2 is gradually filled with cavity, driving rod 31 is installed flow rate detection sensor, in this process, to ensure sampling speed, when flow rate detection sensor detects that flow rate reduces, control driving rod 31 rotation speed becomes fast, when sampling cavity 2 is filled, driving rod 31 speed becomes fast to a certain extent, shearing unit 33 cuts off aquatic plants such as water grass, to avoid being dragged, entangled by aquatic plants such as water grass, affect the collection of the device.

[0035] Further, the inside of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 is provided with a plurality of sealed cabins 11, each of the sealed cabins 11 is independently provided; by the sealed cabin 11 provided in the inside of the anti-sinking floating plate 1, when the anti-sinking floating plate 1 is damaged, the water flow cannot immerse the anti-sinking floating plate 1, to avoid the phenomenon that the device sinks to the bottom when the anti-sinking floating plate 1 is damaged.

[0036] Further, the lower middle of the sampling cavity 2 is provided with sampling channel 21, the sampling unit 32 is located in the inside of the sampling channel 21, the sampling channel 21 is provided with drainage cavity 22 between the top and the anti-sinking floating plate 1, and the sampling unit 32 and the shearing unit 33 are located in the inside of the sampling channel 21;By the sampling channel 21 provided at the bottom of the sampling cavity 2, under the action of driving rod 31 and trigger mechanism 4, sampling unit 32 and shearing unit 33 synchronously enter the middle of sampling channel 21, under the rotation of driving rod 31, sampling unit 32 transports aquatic plants such as water grass in water bottom to the inside of sampling cavity 2 through sampling channel 21, when water fills the inside of sampling cavity 2, water flow enters the inside of drainage cavity 22.

[0037] Further, the driving rod 31 is provided with a driving motor 311 above, the upper part of the driving rod 31 is provided with a filter screen plate 312, the filter screen plate 312 is fixedly connected with the driving rod 31, the driving rod 31 is provided with a guide sliding cylinder 313 between the output end of the driving motor 311, the guide sliding cylinder 313 is fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor 311, the bottom of the guide sliding cylinder 313 is slidably connected with the top of the driving rod 31, the filter screen plate 312 is located inside the drainage cavity 22, the middle part of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 is provided with a drainage port 12, and the guide sliding cylinder 313 is located in the middle part of the drainage port 12; the driving rod 31 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 311, the filter screen plate 312 is in a stationary state in the drainage cavity 22 when the driving rod 31 rotates, the driving rod 31 moves up and down under the action of the triggering mechanism 4, at this time, the driving rod 31 can drive the filter screen plate 312 to move up and down, and the driving rod 31 moves up and down relative to the guide sliding cylinder 313 of the output end of the driving motor 311, that is, when the driving rod 31 drives the sampling unit 32 and the shearing unit 33 to move into the sampling channel 21, the filter screen plate 312 moves downward synchronously, when the driving rod 31 rotates, the sampling unit 32 drives the aquatic plants and other organisms at the bottom of the water into the sampling cavity 2, the water flows into the drainage cavity 22 and is discharged from the sampling cavity 2 through the drainage port 12.

[0038] Further, the sampling unit 32 comprises a spiral sampling rod 321 and an arc-shaped material shifting plate 322, the spiral sampling rod 321 is located inside the sampling channel 21, and the spiral sampling rod 321 is fixedly connected with the driving rod 31, the arc-shaped material shifting plate 322 is located above the sampling channel 21 and at the bottom of the filter screen plate 312, and the arc-shaped material shifting plate 322 is fixedly connected with the driving rod 31, the bottom of the driving rod 31 is provided with a sealing plug 34, and the sealing plug 34 blocks the bottom of the sampling channel 21 when the driving rod 31 moves upward; the spiral sampling rod 321 rotates in the sampling channel 21 under the driving of the driving rod 31 through the spiral sampling rod 321 and the arc-shaped material shifting plate 322 in the sampling unit 32, and then the aquatic plants and other organisms at the bottom of the water are accompanied by the water flow into the sampling cavity 2 through the sampling channel 21, when the water flow enters above the sampling channel 21, the arc-shaped material shifting plate 322 rotates synchronously under the driving of the driving rod 31, and then the aquatic plants and other organisms in the water flow are shifted into the sampling cavity 2 outside, so that the organisms in the water flow enter the sampling cavity 2, and when the sampling is completed, the triggering mechanism 4 drives the driving rod 31 to move upward, the driving rod 31 drives the sealing plug 34 to rise, and the bottom of the sampling channel 21 is blocked by the sealing plug 34.

[0039] Further, the shearing unit 33 comprises a carrier plate 331, a sliding groove 332, a centrifugal block 333, a tension spring 334 and a shearing knife 335, the carrier plate 331 is installed on the driving rod 31 and located above the sampling unit 32, the sliding groove 332 is opened on the carrier plate 331, the centrifugal block 333 is slidingly installed in the sliding groove 332, the two ends of the tension spring 334 are connected with the centrifugal block 333 and the sliding groove 332 respectively, the shearing knife 335 is located outside the centrifugal block 333, and when the tension spring 334 is contracted, the shearing knife 335 is located in the sliding groove 332; the carrier plate 331 in the shearing unit 33 is rotated under the driving of the driving rod 31, the flow rate detection sensor detects that the flow rate is reduced, the rotation speed of the driving rod 31 is controlled to be faster, when the inside of the sampling cavity 2 is full, the speed of the driving rod 31 is fast to a certain extent, under the centrifugal effect, the centrifugal block 333 overcomes the tension of the tension spring 334, the centrifugal block 333 moves outward in the sliding groove 332 on the carrier plate 331, the centrifugal block 333 moves to the inside of the sampling channel 21 with the shearing knife 335, then under the driving of the driving rod 31, the shearing knife 335 rotates fast to shear the water plants in the sampling channel 21, so that the plants in the water bottom are separated from the device, when the driving rod 31 does not rotate to a certain extent, the centrifugal block 333 cannot overcome the tension of the tension spring 334, under the action of the tension spring 334, the centrifugal block 333 with the shearing knife 335 is contracted into the sliding groove 332.

[0040] Further, the trigger mechanism 4 comprises a lifting cylinder 41, an extension rod 42 and a support frame 43, the support frame 43 is installed above the anti-sinking floating plate 1, the lifting cylinder 41 is located on the support frame 43, the extension rod 42 is connected with the output end of the lifting cylinder 41, the other end of the extension rod 42 penetrates through the anti-sinking floating plate 1 and extends to connect with the filter screen plate 312 at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate 1; the lifting cylinder 41 in the trigger mechanism 4 is fixed on the support frame 43, when the lifting cylinder 41 works, the extension rod 42 moves up and down, the filter screen plate 312 moves up and down driven by the extension rod 42, and then the driving rod 31 moves up and down driven by the filter screen plate 312.

[0041] Further, the stabilizing mechanism 5 comprises an automatic pop-up plate 51, which is located on the lower surface of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 and outside the sampling cavity 2. The bottom of the automatic pop-up plate 51 is provided in an arc-shaped structure, and the bottom of the automatic pop-up plate 51 is provided with a storage unit 52, which is connected with the filter screen plate 312. When the automatic pop-up plate 51 in the stabilizing mechanism 5 is popped up, it is stretched at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate 1, and cooperates with the tension between the lower surface of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 and the water surface to stabilize the investigation device on the water surface. Initially, the automatic pop-up plate 51 is stored into the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate 1 by the storage unit 52. When the device is moving, the automatic pop-up plate 51 will not have relative impact with the water body under the action of the storage unit 52, thereby reducing the impact between the automatic pop-up plate 51 and the water, so that the device can move more conveniently in the water.

[0042] Further, the storage unit 52 comprises a storage side plate 521, one end of which is rotationally connected with the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate 1, and the bottom of the storage side plate 521 is provided with an arc-shaped connecting rod 522, the other end of which is connected with the filter screen plate 312. When the filter screen plate 312 moves downward, the arc-shaped connecting rod 522 is pushed to move downward, and the other end of the arc-shaped connecting rod 522 pushes the storage side plate 521 to move outward, so that the storage side plate 521 is opened outward, and at this time, the automatic pop-up plate 51 is no longer blocked by the storage side plate 521, starts to stretch automatically, and enters below the water surface.

[0043] Further, the sampling cavity 2 is provided with a through slot 23 on the side, the arc-shaped connecting rod 522 penetrates through the through slot 23, the storage side plate 521 is provided with a hinge 523 between the anti-sinking floating plate 1, and the storage side plate 521 is provided to be inclined relative to the hinge 523. When the storage side plate 521 is deflected inward, the inner side of the storage side plate 521 is in point contact with the automatic pop-up plate 51. When the filter screen plate 312 drives the arc-shaped connecting rod 522 to move, the arc-shaped connecting rod 522 moves inside the through slot 23. When the filter screen plate 312 moves upward, the arc-shaped connecting rod 522 drives the storage side plate 521 to move inward, and the inner side of the storage side plate 521 is in contact with the automatic pop-up plate 51. Since the storage side plate 521 is in an inclined state, when the storage side plate 521 is in contact with the automatic pop-up plate 51, it is a surface-to-point contact, and thus the automatic pop-up plate 51 can be stored under the pushing of the storage side plate 521.

[0044] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An aquatic biodiversity survey device, comprising an anti-sinking floating plate (1), characterized in that: The anti-sinking floating plate (1) is provided with a sampling chamber (2) at the bottom, a sampling mechanism (3) is provided at the bottom of the sampling chamber (2), a trigger mechanism (4) is provided above the sampling chamber (2), and the trigger mechanism (4) activates the sampling mechanism (3) to take samples; the sampling mechanism (3) comprises a driving rod (31), a sampling unit (32) and a shearing unit (33), the sampling unit (32) and the shearing unit (33) are respectively mounted on the driving rod (31), the driving rod (31) is connected to the trigger mechanism (4), and a stabilizing mechanism (5) is provided at the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate (1), and the stabilizing mechanism (5) is linked to the sampling mechanism (3).

2. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sealed cabins (11) are arranged inside the anti-sinking floating plate (1), and each sealed cabin (11) is independently arranged.

3. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sampling channel (21) is provided in the middle portion below the sampling cavity (2), the sampling unit (32) is located inside the sampling channel (21), a drainage cavity (22) is provided above the sampling channel (21) and between the anti-sinking floating plate (1), and the sampling unit (32) and the shearing unit (33) are both located inside the sampling channel (21).

4. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A driving motor (311) is provided above the driving rod (31), a filter screen plate (312) is provided at the upper middle portion of the driving rod (31), the filter screen plate (312) is connected to the driving rod (31) in a fixed-point rotational manner, a guide slide (313) is provided between the driving rod (31) and the output end of the driving motor (311), the guide slide (313) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (311), the bottom of the guide slide (313) is slidably connected to the top of the driving rod (31), the filter screen plate (312) is located inside the drainage cavity (22), a drainage port (12) is provided in the middle of the anti-sinking floating plate (1), and the guide slide (313) is located in the middle of the drainage port (12).

5. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling unit (32) comprises a spiral sampling rod (321) and an arc-shaped material-dispensing plate (322). The spiral sampling rod (321) is located inside the sampling channel (21), and the spiral sampling rod (321) is fixedly connected to the driving rod (31). The arc-shaped material-dispensing plate (322) is located above the sampling channel (21) and at the bottom of the filter plate (312). The arc-shaped material-dispensing plate (322) is fixedly connected to the driving rod (31). A sealing plug (34) is provided at the bottom of the driving rod (31). When the driving rod (31) moves upward, the sealing plug (34) blocks the bottom of the sampling channel (21).

6. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shearing unit (33) includes a carrier plate (331), a chute (332), a centrifugal block (333), a tension spring (334) and a shearing knife (335). The carrier plate (331) is installed on the driving rod (31), and the carrier plate (331) is located above the sampling unit (32). The chute (332) is opened on the carrier plate (331). The centrifugal block (333) is slidably installed in the chute (332). The two ends of the tension spring (334) are respectively connected to the centrifugal block (333) and the chute (332). The shearing knife (335) is located outside the centrifugal block (333), and when the tension spring (334) contracts, the shearing knife (335) is located in the chute (332).

7. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger mechanism (4) comprises a lifting cylinder (41), a telescopic rod (42) and a support frame (43); the support frame (43) is installed above the anti-sinking floating plate (1); the lifting cylinder (41) is located on the support frame (43); the telescopic rod (42) is connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder (41); the other end of the telescopic rod (42) passes through the anti-sinking floating plate (1) and extends to the bottom of the anti-sinking floating plate (1) to be connected to the filter screen plate (312).

8. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stabilizing mechanism (5) comprises an automatic pop-up plate (51), the automatic pop-up plate (51) is located on the lower surface of the anti-sinking floating plate (1), and the automatic pop-up plate (51) is located outside the sampling cavity (2), the bottom of the automatic pop-up plate (51) is configured as an arc-shaped structure, and a storage unit (52) is provided at the bottom of the automatic pop-up plate (51), and the storage unit (52) is connected to the filter screen plate (312).

9. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The storage unit (52) comprises a storage side plate (521), one end of which is rotatably connected to the bottom peripheral side of the anti-sinking floating plate (1), and an arc-shaped connecting rod (522) is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the storage side plate (521), and the other end of the arc-shaped connecting rod (522) is connected to the filter screen plate (312).

10. The aquatic biodiversity survey device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A through slot (23) is provided on the side of the sampling chamber (2), and the arc-shaped connecting rod (522) passes through the through slot (23). A hinge (523) is provided between the storage side plate (521) and the anti-sinking floating plate (1). The storage side plate (521) is tilted relative to the hinge (523). When the storage side plate (521) deflects inward, the inner side of the storage side plate (521) is in point contact with the automatic pop-up plate (51).

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