Device and method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of road surface in road model experiment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of road detection, and provides a device and method for collecting pavement internal deformation characteristics in a road model experiment, and the device comprises a transparent visible gel layer which is used as a road surface layer simulation material and is flatly laid above a roadbed simulation material in the horizontal direction; the plurality of three-dimensional tracing particles are arranged in the transparent visible gel layer and are distributed in a staggered manner in a three-dimensional space, each three-dimensional tracing particle comprises a cylinder extending in the vertical direction, and cross-shaped tracing plates are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each cylinder; wherein the three-dimensional tracer particles cooperatively deform along with the transparent visible gel layer in the deformation process of the roadbed simulation material, and are used for acquiring three-dimensional displacement and rotation information through an image recognition device, so that three-dimensional visualization of road internal deformation characteristics is realized. Limitation of a traditional laser displacement meter is broken through, and whole-process monitoring of road transverse deformation is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of road detection, in particular to a device and method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The urban road operation and maintenance environment is complex, and the concealed disease of the roadbed (such as road cavity) often induces road deformation, and finally induces collapse and other diseases. In order to fully study the road deformation characteristics before the road collapse, indoor model experiments of road deformation need to be carried out. At present, the conventional experimental scheme cannot realize the observation of the whole process of road deformation, and has the following shortcomings: Point measurement has a small coverage. In the current test, a large number of laser displacement meters are used to identify the deformation of key points, which can only identify the local settlement parameters at the monitoring point. Based on the current scheme, it is difficult to comprehensively capture the surface deformation characteristics.

[0003] The deformation monitoring direction is single, and the lateral deformation is difficult to quantify. The current deformation monitoring based on the laser displacement meter only focuses on the vertical settlement direction. In the whole process of road damage, due to local settlement, the road surface may have significant lateral deformation, and significant cracks may be produced. However, at present, there is still a lack of lateral deformation monitoring means, and it is difficult to evaluate the whole process development law of lateral deformation.

[0004] The internal deformation distribution cannot be seen. In the current research, the road surface is simplified as a two-dimensional plane. However, in fact, the road is a three-dimensional body with thickness, and the deformation characteristics of the upper and lower surfaces are significantly different. At present, there is still a lack of three-dimensional monitoring scheme for the internal deformation of the road.

[0005] The above-mentioned difficulties and difficulties make it difficult to capture the whole process of road deformation in the experiment, and it is difficult to analyze the microscopic deformation characteristics of road collapse, difficult to extract the landmark features before road collapse, and difficult to realize the safety improvement of urban road toughness. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to help solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a device and method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment, which adopts the following technical scheme: A device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment, comprising: A transparent visible gel layer is used as a road surface layer simulation material and is laid on the roadbed simulation material in the horizontal direction. A plurality of three-dimensional tracer particles are disposed within the transparent visible gel layer and are staggered in a three-dimensional space. The three-dimensional tracer particles include a cylinder extending in a vertical direction, and a cross-shaped tracer plate is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder; The three-dimensional tracer particles deform cooperatively with the transparent visual gel layer during the deformation of the roadbed simulation material, and are used to obtain three-dimensional displacement and rotation information through an image recognition device, thereby realizing three-dimensional visualization of the internal deformation characteristics of the road.

[0008] Preferably, the three-dimensional tracer particles have a stiffness greater than that of the transparent visible gel layer, and perform rigid body motion during gel deformation, wherein the stiffness includes elastic modulus, and the rigid body motion includes translational motion and rotational motion.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-shaped tracer plate is composed of two cross arms perpendicular to each other, and the vertical projections of the intersection of the two cross arms on the cross-shaped tracer plate on the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder coincide with the centers of the upper and lower surfaces.

[0010] Preferably, any two of the three-dimensional tracer particles are staggered in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0011] Preferably, the transparent visible gel layer is made of sodium alginate gel, silicon-based gel or sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel, and the cylinder and the cross-shaped tracer plate are made of metal, frosted glass or plastic.

[0012] Preferably, the two cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate are respectively provided with identification marks to distinguish the two cross arms.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment, wherein, based on the device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment as described in any one of the first aspects, the method comprises the following steps: S1: Before the road model experiment begins, the initial spatial position of the three-dimensional tracer particles inside the transparent visible gel layer is captured by a camera; S2: Apply deformation load to the roadbed simulation material, drive the transparent visible gel layer to deform, and the three-dimensional tracer particles to perform rigid motion; S3: During the deformation load application process, the real-time spatial position of the three-dimensional tracer particles is continuously collected by the camera; S4: Calculate the translational and rotational motion characteristics of each three-dimensional tracer particle based on the cross-shaped tracer plate.

[0014] Preferably, the three-dimensional displacement and rotation information includes translational motion features and rotational motion features, and S3 includes: The translation motion characteristics include X / Y / Z axial translation displacement, which is calculated based on the spatial coordinate change of the cross arm intersection point; Rotational motion features include XY plane rotation angle and XZ / YZ plane rotation angle. The rotation angle of any cross arm of the cross-shaped tracer plate in the XY plane is the XY plane rotation angle; The rotation angle of the straight line formed by the intersection of the cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate in the XZ / YZ plane is the XZ / YZ plane rotation angle.

[0015] Preferably, the intersection point of the cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate is the endpoint of the intersection line segment of the two cross arms away from one end of the cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, S1 includes: constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system: The length direction of the horizontally laid transparent visible gel layer is the X-axis, the width direction is the Y-axis, the vertical direction is the Z-axis, and the geometric center of the lower surface of the transparent visible gel layer is the origin O.

[0017] In summary, by combining a transparent visual gel layer with three-dimensional tracer particles with a three-dimensional staggered distribution, this application breaks through the limitations of traditional laser displacement meters and can synchronously capture settlement and displacement at any position within the entire model surface layer. During the experiment, the crack development width and lateral displacement gradient can be directly calculated through the relative horizontal displacement between the particles, realizing the full process monitoring of the lateral deformation of the road. The stiffness difference between the transparent visual gel layer and the tracer particles ensures that the displacement vector and rotation angle of the particles in three-dimensional space can be obtained in real time, and then the internal three-dimensional displacement field is reconstructed through spatial interpolation, breaking through the limitation of the existing technology of simplifying the road into a two-dimensional plane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 a front view of the illustrated embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 1 a top view of the illustrated embodiment; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional tracer particles of this application; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of the road surface in the road model experiment of this application.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1, transparent visible gel layer; 2, three-dimensional tracer particles; 2-1, cylinder; 2-2, cross-shaped tracer plate; 3, intersection of cross arms. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The structure and principle of the present invention will be very clear to those skilled in the art. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front view of the embodiment shown, Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of the embodiment shown, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional tracer particle 2 of the present application.

[0022] Combine Figures 1 to 4 It can be understood that the device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of the road surface in the road model experiment of this application includes: A transparent visible gel layer 1, serving as a road surface simulation material, is horizontally laid on top of the roadbed simulation material; A plurality of three-dimensional tracer particles 2 are disposed inside the transparent visible gel layer 1 and are staggered in a three-dimensional space. The three-dimensional tracer particles 2 include a cylinder 2-1 extending in a vertical direction, and a cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder 2-1. The three-dimensional tracer particles 2 deform cooperatively with the transparent visual gel layer 1 during the deformation of the roadbed simulation material, and are used to obtain three-dimensional displacement and rotation information through an image recognition device, thereby realizing three-dimensional visualization of the internal deformation characteristics of the road.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present application, the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 is composed of two mutually perpendicular cross arms, and the intersection of the two cross arms on the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 coincides with the center of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder 2-1. The design of the intersection of the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 and the center of the cylinder 2-1 coincides with each other to ensure that the center of rotation is consistent with the geometric center of the particle, avoiding errors in the calculation of the rotation angle due to the offset of the center of gravity. The double cross arm structure enhances the image recognition feature points and improves the analytical accuracy of the rotation angle in the yz plane and the xy plane. Any two of the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 are staggered in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the transparent visible gel layer 1 is sodium alginate gel or silica-based gel or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gel, and the material of the cylindrical body 2-1 and the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 is metal or frosted glass or plastic. The transparent gel (such as sodium alginate) provides high light transmittance, ensuring that the camera clearly captures the tracer particles 2, and the hard materials such as metal, frosted glass and plastic ensure that the tracer particles 2 have a stiffness significantly higher than the gel, and only rigid body motion occurs.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the two cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 are respectively provided with identification marks to distinguish the two cross arms.

[0026] It should be noted that, Figure 1 Although a cuboid is shown, the length direction and the width direction of the present application are determined according to the experimental conditions, some experiments are longitudinal sections, and some experiments are transverse sections, and the subsequent establishment of the coordinate system with the length direction of the transparent visible gel layer after horizontal laying as the X axis and the width direction as the Y axis is only for the convenience of explaining the perpendicular relationship between the x axis and the y axis, and has no effect on the actual calculation.

[0027] Figure 5 The working principle diagram of the device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of the road in the road model experiment of the present application, Figure 5 The forward or backward direction of the car is the length direction of the road. At the beginning of the road deformation simulation test, the present application should be laid on the roadbed simulation material. At this time, the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 are in the initial state, uniformly and layer by layer distributed inside the transparent visible gel layer 1. At this time, the initial positions of the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 are recorded by multi-angle photography.

[0028] During the road deformation simulation test, roadbed deformation may occur due to factors such as foundation compression, hidden cavity, dynamic compaction, etc. At this time, the transparent visible gel layer 1 and the roadbed undergo cooperative deformation, and the internal three-dimensional tracer particles 2 produce displacement. Since the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 have a stiffness significantly greater than the gel, it can be considered that during the deformation of the gel, the tracer particles 2 will not deform, but only translate and rotate, and such displacement is synchronized with the surrounding gel. Based on this premise, it can be considered that the displacement trajectory of the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 can reflect the deformation of the gel inside. The displacement of the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 will not be limited in a certain plane. Through the front view and the top view, the displacement and rotation of the three-dimensional tracer particles 2 can be fully captured, so as to capture the deformation in all directions inside the gel. Figure 5An example is given, in which the dashed line represents the original position, and the solid line represents the current position. In the front view of the cylinder 2-1, the displacement of the particle in the y, z direction and the rotation angle of the particle in the yz plane can be observed. In the top view of the cylinder 2-1, the displacement of the particle in the x, y direction can be directly observed. By the three-dimensional tracer particle 2 top cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2, the rotation angle of the particle in the xy plane can be observed. By the spatial relationship between the top and bottom surfaces of the hard cylinder 2-1, the rotation angle of the particle in the xz plane can be observed. Through such anisotropic tracer particle, the deformation inside the gel can be fully reflected.

[0029] Specifically, the application also provides a method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a pavement in a road model experiment, based on the above-mentioned device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a pavement in a road model experiment, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Before the road model experiment starts, the initial spatial pose of the three-dimensional tracer particle 2 inside the transparent visible gel layer 1 is collected by the camera. S1 includes: constructing a three-dimensional coordinate system: The length direction after the transparent visible gel layer 1 is laid horizontally is the positive direction of the X axis, the width direction is the positive direction of the Y axis, and the vertical upward direction is the positive direction of the Z axis, with the geometric center of the lower surface of the transparent visible gel layer 1 as the origin O.

[0030] S2: Apply a deformation load to the roadbed simulation material to drive the transparent visible gel layer 1 to deform, and the three-dimensional tracer particle 2 to move rigidly; S3: During the application of the deformation load, the real-time spatial pose of the three-dimensional tracer particle 2 is continuously collected by the camera; S4: Calculate the translation motion characteristics and rotation motion characteristics of each three-dimensional tracer particle 2 based on the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2.

[0031] S3 includes: The translation motion characteristics include X / Y / Z axis translation displacement, which is calculated according to the spatial coordinate change of the cross arm intersection 3; The rotation motion characteristics include XY plane rotation angle and XZ / YZ plane rotation angle, The rotation angle of any cross arm of the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 in the XY plane is the XY plane rotation angle; The straight line formed by the cross arm intersection 3 of the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 in the XZ / YZ plane is the XZ / YZ plane rotation angle.

[0032] In the embodiments of the application, the calculation of displacement can be converted into the calculation of points, and the calculation of rotation angle can be converted into the calculation of the rotation angle of a straight line or a line segment, so the above calculation method is adopted.

[0033] In S3, the intersection 3 of the cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate 2-2 is the end point of the intersection line segment of the two cross arms away from the end of the cylindrical body 2-1.

Claims

1. A device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment, characterized in that: include: A transparent visible gel layer, serving as a road surface simulation material, is horizontally laid on top of the roadbed simulation material; A plurality of three-dimensional tracer particles are disposed within the transparent visible gel layer and are staggered in a three-dimensional space. The three-dimensional tracer particles include a cylinder extending in a vertical direction, and a cross-shaped tracer plate is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder; The three-dimensional tracer particles deform cooperatively with the transparent visual gel layer during the deformation of the roadbed simulation material, and are used to obtain three-dimensional displacement and rotation information through an image recognition device, thereby realizing three-dimensional visualization of the internal deformation characteristics of the road.

2. The device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional tracer particles have a stiffness greater than that of the transparent visible gel layer, and perform rigid body motion during gel deformation. The stiffness includes an elastic modulus, and the rigid body motion includes translational motion and rotational motion.

3. The device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped tracer plate is composed of two cross arms perpendicular to each other, and the vertical projections of the intersection lines of the two cross arms on the cross-shaped tracer plate on the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder coincide with the centers of the upper and lower surfaces.

4. The device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any two of the three-dimensional tracer particles are staggered in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

5. The device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent visible gel layer is made of sodium alginate gel, silicon-based gel or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gel, and the cylinder and the cross-shaped tracer plate are made of metal, frosted glass or plastic.

6. The device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate are respectively provided with identification marks to distinguish the two cross arms.

7. A method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment, characterized in that: Based on the device for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprises the following steps: S1: Before the road model experiment begins, the initial spatial position of the three-dimensional tracer particles inside the transparent visible gel layer is captured by a camera; S2: Apply deformation load to the roadbed simulation material, drive the transparent visible gel layer to deform, and the three-dimensional tracer particles to perform rigid motion; S3: During the deformation load application process, the real-time spatial position of the three-dimensional tracer particles is continuously collected by the camera; S4: Calculate the translational and rotational motion characteristics of each three-dimensional tracer particle based on the cross-shaped tracer plate.

8. The method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The three-dimensional displacement and rotation information includes translational motion features and rotational motion features. S3 includes: The translation motion characteristics include X / Y / Z axial translation displacement, which is calculated based on the spatial coordinate change of the cross arm intersection point; Rotational motion features include XY plane rotation angle and XZ / YZ plane rotation angle. The rotation angle of any cross arm of the cross-shaped tracer plate in the XY plane is the XY plane rotation angle; The rotation angle of the straight line formed by the intersection of the cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate in the XZ / YZ plane is the XZ / YZ plane rotation angle.

9. The method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intersection point of the cross arms of the cross-shaped tracer plate is the endpoint of the intersection line segment of the two cross arms away from one end of the cylinder.

10. The method for collecting internal deformation characteristics of a road surface in a road model experiment according to claim 7, characterized in that: S1 includes: Construct a three-dimensional coordinate system: The length direction of the horizontally laid transparent visible gel layer is the X-axis, the width direction is the Y-axis, the vertical direction is the Z-axis, and the geometric center of the lower surface of the transparent visible gel layer is the origin O.

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