Textile dyeing uniformity detection system, detection method and dyeing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of textiles. The invention discloses a textile dyeing uniformity detection system, a detection method and a dyeing method. The device comprises a light source supply device which is arranged above a textile and is used for providing light sources with two wavelengths and generating monochromatic coherent light, a dielectric layer supply device for forming a uniform dielectric layer, a reflective light path device for splitting beams and guiding the beams to form an interference area, and an image acquisition device for acquiring interference fringe images, the angle adjusting device is used for adjusting irradiation and acquisition angles; and the image processing device is used for analyzing signals and identifying non-uniform dyeing areas and flaws. A high-precision detection system is constructed, the light source and the dielectric layer cooperate to realize micron-sized defect recognition, the visibility of interference fringes is improved to 0.8 or above, and the dynamic tension frame guarantees the precision. The reflective light path and angle adjusting device adapts to a complex environment, a detection method and a dyeing method are cooperated, and through pretreatment, quantitative analysis and multi-dimensional verification, the misjudgment rate is greatly reduced, and the detection speed adapts to production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to a textile dyeing uniformity detection system, a detection method and a dyeing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of high-end textile production, medical implant textiles such as degradable surgical sutures, tissue engineering scaffolds and aerospace functional fabrics have put forward sub-micron level precision requirements for dyeing uniformity. Traditional detection methods such as manual visual inspection or single-point spectral analysis can only identify relatively large dyeing differences, and cannot meet the stringent standards of medical textiles with small dye layer thickness uniformity error requirements. For example, uneven distribution of dyes in surgical sutures can cause fluctuations in drug load, thereby affecting wound healing or causing local inflammatory reactions. With the development of nanometer textile materials and bioactive coatings, the demand for detection of high-precision dyeing defects in the industry is increasingly urgent, and traditional technologies have become a bottleneck restricting the quality improvement of high-end products due to insufficient precision.

[0003] Existing optical interference detection technology has significant limitations when faced with high-precision requirements. The rough surface of the textile causes the proportion of diffuse reflection to exceed 70%, and the specular reflection light is weak when directly detected, with an interference fringe visibility of less than 0.5, making it difficult to identify sub-micron level optical path difference changes. There is a lack of dynamic tension control mechanism, and large deviations in fabric flatness will introduce false optical path difference signals, resulting in large detection errors. Especially in the detection of medical textile materials, a single wavelength light source cannot distinguish between dye concentration gradient and thickness change, and it is easy to misjudge the fiber tissue structure difference as a dyeing defect. The existing system lacks a multi-dimensional verification algorithm and cannot meet the strict requirements of medical products on detection reliability.

[0004] In industrial production, the dyeing production line speed of high-end textiles is generally fast, and existing detection equipment is difficult to realize online real-time detection of medical textiles due to low data processing efficiency and poor adaptability. For example, in the one-bath dyeing of medical polyester and silk blended fabrics, the absorption characteristics of different fibers to dyes are significantly different, and traditional detection cannot simultaneously analyze the dyeing state of multiple fiber components, resulting in a high missed detection rate of high-precision dyeing penetration unevenness. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present application discloses a textile dyeing uniformity detection system, a detection method and a dyeing method to meet the precision requirements of medical, aerospace and other fields for textile dyeing uniformity.

[0006] The present application discloses a textile dyeing uniformity detection system, which comprises:

[0007] A light source supply device is arranged above the textile and is used to provide a light source beam and generate monochromatic coherent light in cooperation with a narrowband optical filter;

[0008] A medium layer supply device is arranged between the light source supply device and the textile, for forming a uniform medium layer above the textile;

[0009] A reflective light path device is arranged above the textile and connected to the light source supply device, for dividing the monochromatic coherent light into direct light and oblique light, and guiding the direct light and oblique light to irradiate and pass through the medium layer supply device and then continue to irradiate the surface of the textile, and the medium layer supply device and the surface of the textile receive reflected light to form an interference area by reflection;

[0010] An image acquisition device is arranged directly above the interference area, for acquiring the interference fringe image formed by the reflected light;

[0011] An angle adjustment device is connected to the reflective light path device and the image acquisition device, for adjusting the irradiation angle of the reflective light path device and the acquisition angle of the image acquisition device;

[0012] An image processing device pre-stores a standard textile dyeing feature library, for analyzing the interference fringe offset and brightness distribution transmitted by the image acquisition device, and identifying uneven dyeing areas and defects of the textile.

[0013] Further, the angle between the oblique light and the direct light in the reflective light path device is 10°-60°;

[0014] The reflective light path device includes a beam splitting prism, a mirror group and a polarizer, the beam splitting prism divides the light source beam into direct light and oblique light, the mirror group is connected to the angle adjustment device to adjust the angle of the oblique light, the polarizer eliminates the reflection interference of the medium layer supply device and the surface of the textile, the aperture of the diaphragm is 80%-110% of the diameter of the detection beam, and the vertical distance between the reflective light path device and the surface of the textile is 30-60 cm.

[0015] Further, the medium layer supply device is arranged 5-50 mm above the textile and is composed of two layers of optical grade transparent plates and a middle sealing interlayer, the thickness of the sealing interlayer is 50-300 μm, and the sealing interlayer is used to fill the medium;

[0016] The absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the medium and the refractive index of the textile is 0.01-0.6, and the thickness of the medium layer is 20-200 μm;

[0017] The edge of the sealing interlayer is provided with a medium injection port and a vacuum degassing port, the medium is filtered through a 0.1-0.3 μm filter membrane and then injected, the vacuum degassing maintains a negative pressure of-0.06 to-0.04 MPa for 10-15 minutes, to ensure that the medium in the interlayer is uniform and bubble-free.

[0018] Further, the light source of the light source supply device includes 600-700 nm red light and 500-600 nm green light;

[0019] The textile dyeing uniformity detection system further comprises a dynamic tension control frame for fixing the textile and adjusting the tension, the frame being driven by a servo motor, and the tension adjustment precision being ±1N;

[0020] The image processing device recognizes the dyeing defects by comparing the difference in the shift amount of the interference fringes, and determines that the dyeing concentration is abnormal when the difference between the shift amount of the red light fringes and the shift amount of the green light fringes exceeds 0.3 pixels.

[0021] The application discloses a textile dyeing uniformity detection method, which adopts the textile dyeing uniformity detection system.

[0022] A1: In the pretreatment stage, the textile is fixed by the dynamic tension frame, the medium layer supply device is fixed to one side of the textile, and the medium is injected in the sealed interlayer of the medium layer supply device, and the medium is filtered by a filter membrane and subjected to vacuum degassing treatment;

[0023] A2: In the reflective interference detection stage, monochromatic coherent light is emitted by the light source supply device, the monochromatic coherent light is processed by the reflective light path device, and then irradiates the medium layer supply device and the textile, the light beam is reflected by the medium layer supply device and the textile to form an interference area, and the image acquisition device acquires an interference image;

[0024] A3: In the wavelength difference analysis stage, the image processing device is connected to the image acquisition device, the image processing device calls the pre-stored standard dyeing feature library, performs Fourier filter denoising on the collected interference image, analyzes the shift amount and brightness distribution of the red light or green light fringes, combines the refractive index difference between the medium in the sealed interlayer and the textile, and calculates the dye layer thickness change and the abnormal area of absorbance;

[0025] A4: In the quantitative analysis stage, when the dye layer thickness change and the abnormal area of absorbance are detected, the light beam intensity is enhanced, the phase difference and the optical path difference amplification effect of the sealed interlayer are used to quantize the dyeing concentration deviation, and whether the textile has dyeing defects is judged;

[0026] A5: In the multi-dimensional verification stage, the medium in the sealed interlayer is switched to a liquid with different refractive indexes, the detection is repeated, and the defect authenticity is verified by the consistency of the fringe shift.

[0027] Further, the specific steps in A2 are that the light source supply device is fixed to the medium layer supply device away from the side of the textile, the reflective light path device is connected to the light source supply device, the angle adjustment device is connected to the reflective light path device, the light source supply device emits monochromatic coherent light, the reflective light path device processes the monochromatic coherent light and divides it into direct light and oblique light, and the angle adjustment device adjusts the angles of the two beams of light and guides them through the medium layer supply device and irradiates the surface of the textile, the medium layer supply device and the textile receive the two beams of light and reflect them to form an interference area, the angle adjustment device is connected to the image acquisition device, and the image acquisition device is arranged at the interference area to acquire interference images by adjusting the acquisition angle through the angle adjustment device.

[0028] Further, after the textile is fixed by the dynamic tension frame in A1, the flatness deviation of the textile is less than 200 microns;

[0029] In A2, the included angle between the direct light and the oblique light is adjusted to 10-60 degrees after the light source supply device emits the light beam, and the scan pitch angle is 10-45 degrees;

[0030] In A2, the intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source supply device is set to 30-50% of the standard value, the dyeing abnormal area with a size of more than 50 microns is roughly positioned by an edge detection algorithm, and the subsequent detection range is reduced;

[0031] In A4, when the dye layer thickness variation and the light absorbance abnormal area are detected, the light beam intensity is enhanced to 120-150% of the standard value;

[0032] The light beam intensity of the standard value is the light beam intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source supply device with a power of 100%;

[0033] In A4, the quantitative analysis is realized by establishing a dyeing uniformity scoring model, and when the stripe shift standard deviation is greater than 0.3 pixels or the brightness variance is greater than 15%, it is determined that the dyeing is uneven.

[0034] The application discloses a textile dyeing method, after dyeing, using the textile dyeing uniformity detection system or the textile dyeing uniformity detection method in any one of the above, to detect the dyeing uniformity, which comprises:

[0035] S1: sand washing pretreatment, impurity removal pretreatment is performed on the grey cloth;

[0036] S2: flat airflow sand washing, a flat airflow sand washing machine is used to sand wash the grey cloth;

[0037] S3: one-bath dyeing, acid dispersion pigment is used to dye polyester, and acid dye is used to dye silk, and one-bath synchronous dyeing is adopted;

[0038] S4: soaping treatment, soaping is carried out;

[0039] S5: fixing treatment, fixing is carried out on the dyed fabric;

[0040] S6: open-air airflow softening drying, softening drying is carried out by using open-air airflow equipment;

[0041] S7: tentering setting, tentering setting is carried out, and a textile product is prepared.

[0042] Further, the sand washing pre-treatment in S1 includes cloth inspection, cloth turning and end sewing treatment, and industrial alkali is used for cloth degreasing treatment, and the concentration of the industrial alkali is 20-30 g / L;

[0043] The sand washing conditions in S2 are as follows: air speed 40%-60%, water speed 40%-60%, vehicle speed 8-12 m / min, sand washing time 20-30 min, additives including 25-35 g / L industrial alkali and 0.5-1.5 g / L dispersing agent, and the temperature is controlled at 73-77 DEG C;

[0044] The dyeing pH value in S3 is controlled at 4-5, the amount of the acid dispersion pigment is 1-3% of the fabric weight, the amount of the acid dye is 0.5-2% of the fabric weight, the dyeing temperature is 100-130 DEG C, and the holding time is 30-60 min;

[0045] The soaping treatment in S4 uses a soaping agent with a concentration of 2-5 g / L, and is treated at 96-100 DEG C for 13-17 min, and hot water washing and cold water washing are carried out after soaping;

[0046] The fixing treatment in S5 uses a fixing agent with a concentration of 1-3 g / L, the treatment temperature is 50-70 DEG C, the time is 15-25 min, and the pH value is controlled at 5-7;

[0047] The air speed of the open-air airflow softening drying in S6 is 30-50 m / s, the temperature is 65-75 DEG C, and the drying is carried out until the fabric moisture regain is 8-12%;

[0048] The temperature of the tentering setting in S7 is 165-175 DEG C, the vehicle speed is 23-27 m / min, the setting time is 1-2 min, 7-11 baking ovens are used, and a tension of 10-15% of the fabric transverse width is applied during the setting process.

[0049] Further, a neutralization treatment is added after the sand washing in S1, acetic acid is used to adjust the fabric pH value to 6-7, the concentration of the neutralization liquid is 0.5-1 g / L, the treatment temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and the time is 10-15 min, so as to avoid the influence of alkali residue on the dyeing effect.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:

[0051] The application constructs a high-precision textile dyeing uniformity detection system, and realizes micron-level defect recognition through the cooperative design of light source and medium layer. The light source uses the sensitivity of wavelength difference to dye absorption, and through comparing the difference of interference fringe shift, the dye layer thickness change and concentration anomaly of high level of precision can be accurately captured, and the recognition rate is improved more than single wavelength detection. The medium layer supply device forms a uniform medium environment through two layers of optical transparent plates and vacuum degassing method, improves the interference fringe visibility from 0.5 below in the traditional method to 0.8 above, eliminates the interference of textile surface diffuse reflection, and cooperates with the dynamic tension frame to guarantee the detection accuracy from the hardware level. The reflective light path module and the angle adjusting device realize multi-angle scanning, and the polarizer is used to eliminate the reflection light design, so that the system can still work stably under 1000 lux environment light, and adapt to the complex environment of industrial production line.

[0052] The detection method and the dyeing method improve the whole process quality control ability. The medium layer vacuum degassing and tension control in the pretreatment stage reduce the initial error, the light beam intensity is enhanced to 120%-150% in the A4 quantitative analysis stage, and the fringe shift resolution reaches 0.1 pixel through the light path difference amplification effect, the scoring model takes 0.3 pixel standard deviation and 15% brightness variance as the threshold, and the automatic quantitative judgment of dyeing defects is realized. In the multi-dimensional verification stage, the misjudgment rate is reduced by switching the medium refractive index cross verification. After the sand washing pretreatment, one-bath dyeing and neutralization treatment in the matching dyeing method are linked with the detection system, the dye layer uniformity error of medical textiles is reduced, the recognition rate of aerospace fabric dyeing defects is improved, and the detection speed can be adjusted according to the production speed to meet the dual demands of high-end fields on dyeing precision and production efficiency.

[0053] The textile dyeing uniformity detection system of the application constructs a high-precision textile dyeing uniformity detection system. The light source uses the different absorption characteristics of red light or green light in the dye layer, and through comparing the difference of interference fringe shift, the micron-level dye concentration change and thickness unevenness can be accurately captured, and the subtle defects that are difficult to be detected by traditional methods can be effectively recognized. The medium layer supply device forms a uniform medium environment with controllable refractive index above the textile, solves the problems of weak interference signal and low fringe contrast caused by insufficient reflection when directly detecting the textile. The cooperative action of the reflective light path module and the angle adjusting device realizes multi-angle scanning of the textile surface, adapts to the detection of fabrics with different textures and organizational structures, and the dynamic tension control frame guarantees the flatness of the textile during the detection process, avoiding the detection error introduced by uneven tension. The image processing device relies on the pre-stored standard dyeing feature library and combines wavelength difference signal analysis to realize automatic processing from image acquisition to defect recognition, which can be synchronized with the dyeing production line in real time, and provides an efficient, reliable and intelligent solution for textile dyeing quality control, which significantly improves the precision, efficiency and adaptability of dyeing uniformity detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for detecting dyeing uniformity of textiles in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the specific implementation manner of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below.

[0056] The present invention discloses a textile dyeing uniformity detection system, which includes a light source supply device, disposed above the textile, for providing a light source beam and cooperating with a narrowband filter to generate monochromatic coherent light. A dielectric layer supply device, disposed between the light source supply device and the textile, for forming a uniform dielectric layer above the textile. A reflective optical path device, disposed above the textile and connected to the light source supply device, for separating the monochromatic coherent light into direct light and oblique light, and guiding the direct light and oblique light to illuminate and pass through the dielectric layer supply device before continuing to illuminate the textile surface. The dielectric layer supply device and the textile surface receive reflected light and then reflect it to form an interference region. An image acquisition device, disposed directly above the interference region, is used to capture interference fringe images formed by the reflected light. An angle adjustment device, connected to the reflective optical path device and the image acquisition device, is used to adjust the illumination angle of the reflective optical path device and the acquisition angle of the image acquisition device. An image processing device, pre-stored with a library of standard textile dyeing characteristics, is used to analyze the offset and brightness distribution of the interference fringes transmitted by the image acquisition device to identify unevenly dyed areas and defects in the textile.

[0057] The light source supply unit, equipped with a light-emitting component, filters a monochromatic coherent light beam through a narrowband filter, providing a stable light source for subsequent interference detection. The dielectric layer supply unit, located between the light source and the textile, consists of two optically-grade transparent plates forming a sealed interlayer. A membrane-filtered and vacuum-degassing medium is injected into the interlayer, forming a uniform dielectric layer above the textile and ensuring a stable optical path difference during light transmission. A reflective optical path device separates the monochromatic coherent light into direct and oblique light. An angle adjustment device controls the angles of the two beams, guiding them through the dielectric layer and onto the textile surface. The reflected light beams from the dielectric layer and the textile surface intersect in space, forming an interference region. The image acquisition device is precisely positioned directly above the interference region and, in conjunction with the angle adjustment device, adjusts the acquisition angle. The interference fringe images are captured in real time and transmitted to the image processing unit. The processing unit analyzes the fringe offset, brightness distribution, and wavelength differential signals using a pre-stored library of standard dyeing features to ultimately identify uneven dyeing areas and defects.

[0058] The 600-700 nm red light and the 500-600 nm green light are used as detection light sources, the different absorption characteristics of the two wavelengths in the dye layer are utilized, and the dye concentration change and the thickness unevenness problem can be accurately captured by comparing the interference fringe shift difference. The introduction of the medium layer effectively isolates the external environmental light interference, the uniformity thereof is guaranteed through the sealed sandwich structure and the vacuum degassing method, the scattering phenomenon caused by the unevenness of the textile surface is avoided, the straight light and the oblique light form clear and stable interference fringes when being reflected, and the contrast and the reliability of the image acquisition are significantly improved, thereby providing high-quality original signals for subsequent data analysis.

[0059] The 600-700 nm red light or the 500-600 nm green light emitted by the light source is filtered through a narrow-band filter to form a monochromatic collimated light beam, which is divided into straight light and oblique light through a beam splitter prism of a reflection type light path module. The straight light can be vertically irradiated, and the oblique light is obliquely irradiated. The two light beams pass through the upper optical transparent plate of the medium layer supply device in turn, and are reflected twice after entering the uniform medium layer in the sealed sandwich.

[0060] The first reflection is at the lower surface of the medium layer. When the light beam reaches the lower surface of the medium layer, part of the light is directly reflected back to the medium layer to form a reference light beam, and the reference light beam carries the optical characteristics of the medium layer.

[0061] The second reflection is at the textile surface. The light beam that is not reflected by the medium layer penetrates the medium layer and irradiates the textile surface. Due to the difference in dye concentration, the local refractive index of the surface changes, and the reflected light carries the dyeing information of the textile and returns to the medium layer.

[0062] The two reflected light beams, i.e., the medium layer lower surface reflected light and the textile surface reflected light, form an optical path difference in the medium layer, the oblique light angle is corrected, and when the coherence condition is met, interference is generated to form light and dark interference fringes in space.

[0063] When the initial optical path difference is uniform, the optical path difference between the two reflected light beams is: ΔL1=2d·(n2-n1)·cosθ;

[0064] When there is a dyeing defect: ΔL2=2d·(n2-n3)·cosθ;

[0065] The actual optical path difference is ΔL'=ΔL1-ΔL2;

[0066] θ is the angle between the oblique light and the normal line;

[0067] d is the thickness of the medium layer;

[0068] n1 is the refractive index of the textile without defects;

[0069] n2 is the refractive index of the medium layer;

[0070] n3 is the refractive index of the textile when a dyeing defect is present;

[0071] When the textile dye layer has a concentration deviation, it will cause two changes, a small change in the thickness of the dye layer Δh and a change in the refractive index n1 of the textile surface. The greater the dye concentration deviation, the greater the n1 deviation, because the dye molecules will change the optical properties of the fiber. These two changes will be amplified by the medium layer of the sealed sandwich:

[0072] The optical path difference changes due to the change in the refractive index of the textile caused by the difference in dye concentration.

[0073] The parameters are the medium layer thickness d=150μm; the medium refractive index n2=1.4; the normal textile refractive index n1=1.1; the refractive index of the dyeing defect n3=1.2; the angle between the oblique light and the normal θ=30°.

[0074] The optical path difference ΔL1 of the normal dyeing is 77.94μm. The optical path difference ΔL2 of the dyeing defect is 51.96μm. The actual optical path difference change ΔL' is 25.98μm. The results show that the refractive index of the textile increases from 1.1 to 1.2 due to the excessive dye concentration, and the optical path difference of the two reflected lights decreases by about 26μm, which will cause the interference fringes to shift significantly.

[0075] The image acquisition device directly acquires the interference fringes at this time, and sends the interference fringes to the image processing device, and the image processing device compares the pre-stored interference fringe image of the qualified textile with the interference fringe image. When the difference exceeds the set threshold, it is judged that the interference fringes are abnormal, and it is judged that the detected textile may have defects or uneven dyeing.

[0076] The |n2-n1| of the textile dyeing uniformity detection system of the present application is in the range of 0.01-0.6, the reflectivity difference between the lower surface of the medium layer and the surface of the textile is controlled within a certain range, and the imbalance of the fringe contrast caused by the over-strong single-interface reflection is avoided. For example, if the textile n1=1.5, the medium layer is selected to be n2=1.2 silicone oil or n2=1.8 glycerol aqueous solution, to ensure that the intensity of the two reflected lights is matched, and the visibility of the interference fringes is higher.

[0077] In traditional detection, when the textile is directly exposed to the air, the diffuse reflection accounts for >70% due to the rough surface of the textile, and the specular reflection light is weak, making it difficult to form clear interference fringes. The medium layer of the textile dyeing uniformity detection system of the present application is arranged adjacent to the textile, the medium in the sealed sandwich is degassed by vacuum to eliminate bubbles, forming a uniform medium layer, and the medium layer makes the light beam first reflected on the medium layer, and the reflection on the medium layer is mainly specular reflection. The textile is arranged below the medium layer, and the second reflection of the textile can be captured by the medium layer, and clear interference fringes are formed with the first specular reflection light beam in the medium layer.

[0078] The construction process of the standard dyeing feature library of the textile dyeing uniformity detection system of the application is as follows:

[0079] The reference sample is prepared by selecting a dyeing uniform textile, the dyeing uniform textile is a textile with a dye layer thickness uniformity error of ≤5% and an absorbance deviation of ≤3%, the textile is fixed on a dynamic tension frame, the fixed tension adjustment accuracy is ±1N, and the flatness deviation is <200μm.

[0080] Reference image acquisition: the light source intensity is set to 50% of the standard value, the angle of the oblique light is adjusted to θ=30°, the red and green interference fringe images are collected, the resolution is 2048×2048 pixels, and the single-pixel size is 5μm.

[0081] The mean value of the fringe shift is μ=0, and there is no shift when the dyeing is ideal and uniform.

[0082] The standard deviation of the brightness distribution is σ≤5%, and the normalized gray value range is 0-255.

[0083] In actual detection, the interference fringes are shifted and the brightness is changed due to changes in the dye layer thickness or abnormal absorbance, and the specific determination rules are as follows:

[0084] Fringe shift threshold:

[0085] When the red fringe shift |Δx_r| is >1.2 pixels or the green fringe shift |Δx_g| is >1 pixel, it is determined that the dyeing concentration is abnormal, because different wavelengths are sensitive to different degrees of dye absorption, and a difference exceeding the threshold value indicates that the dye composition or thickness is non-uniformly changed.

[0086] Brightness distribution threshold:

[0087] The local area brightness variance σ is >15%, that is, the gray value fluctuation is >38 / 255, which indicates that there are scattering particles or surface defects, such as missing dyeing and color stains, in the area, because the light reflection consistency is destroyed, leading to uneven brightness.

[0088] The textile dyeing uniformity detection system of the application constructs a high-precision textile dyeing uniformity detection system. The light source utilizes the different absorption characteristics of red light or green light in the dye layer, and through the comparison of the interference fringe offset difference, it can accurately capture the micron-level dye concentration changes and thickness unevenness problems, and effectively identify the subtle defects that traditional methods cannot detect. The medium layer supply device forms a uniform medium environment with controllable refractive index above the textile, solving the problems of weak interference signal and low fringe contrast caused by insufficient reflection when directly detecting the textile. The cooperative action of the reflective light path module and the angle adjusting device realizes multi-angle scanning of the surface of the textile, adapts to the detection of fabrics with different textures and organizational structures, and the dynamic tension control framework guarantees the flatness of the textile during the detection process, avoiding the detection errors introduced by uneven tension. The image processing device relies on the pre-stored standard dyeing feature library and combines wavelength difference signal analysis to realize automatic processing from image acquisition to defect recognition, which can be synchronized in real time with the dyeing production line, providing an efficient, reliable and intelligent solution for textile dyeing quality control, and significantly improving the precision, efficiency and adaptability of dyeing uniformity detection.

[0089] The present application can also fuse existing algorithms for interference fringe recognition. The multi-dimensional verification algorithm is a composite algorithm system that fuses optical physics model, image feature analysis and machine learning, for example, Fourier transform is used to convert the interference fringe image from spatial domain to frequency domain, the frequency domain features of fringe period and phase shift are extracted to verify the change of optical path difference; wavelet transform is used to decompose the image at different scales, and the abnormal fluctuations of fringe edge sharpness and brightness distribution are analyzed at different resolutions, and the interference physical model formed by the reflection of the medium layer and the textile is matched; combined with the red light or green light interference signal difference algorithm of the light source, a dye concentration-optical path difference mapping matrix is constructed, and the areas exceeding the fluctuation range of the standard feature library are identified through threshold segmentation and morphological operation; a convolutional neural network is introduced to recognize the geometric distortion and brightness gradient distribution of the interference fringe, combining traditional physical analysis and deep learning feature extraction, and verifying from multiple dimensions such as frequency domain features, time domain difference signals, spatial texture patterns and physical model mapping relationships, to ensure the accuracy of dyeing uneven area and defect recognition, and effectively reduce the misjudgment rate caused by fabric texture and light fluctuation.

[0090] As an embodiment, the included angle between the oblique light and the direct light in the reflective light path device is 10°-60°;

[0091] The reflective light path device includes a beam splitting prism, a mirror group and a polarizer, the beam splitting prism divides the light source beam into direct light and oblique light, the mirror group is connected to the angle adjusting device to adjust the angle of the oblique light, the polarizer eliminates the reflection interference of the medium layer supply device and the textile surface, the aperture of the diaphragm is 80%-110% of the diameter of the detection beam, and the vertical distance between the reflective light path device and the textile surface is 30-60 cm.

[0092] The reflection type light path device realizes beam splitting and angle control through the precise cooperation of a beam splitter prism, a mirror group and a polarizer. The beam splitter prism uses a high-precision cubic beam splitter prism or a plane beam splitter sheet to split the monochromatic coherent light beam output by the light source supply device into direct light and oblique light at an energy ratio of 50:50. The direct light is calibrated by a diaphragm and then irradiates the medium layer in the vertical direction, and the oblique light changes the propagation path by the mirror group. The angle adjusting device can be a rotary platform driven by a stepper motor, and the mirror group is rigidly connected with the angle adjusting device, which can accurately adjust the incident angle of the oblique light in the range of 10°-60°, ensuring that the two beams of light are parallelly projected to the medium layer at a set included angle. The polarizer is installed between the beam splitter prism and the medium layer, and its transparent axis direction matches the polarization state of the incident light, which can effectively filter out the non-polarized reflected light and eliminate the mirror reflection interference of the transparent plate surface of the medium layer and the dye layer of the textile. The diaphragm aperture is designed according to 80%-110% of the diameter of the detection light beam, which limits the beam divergence angle and ensures that the direct light and the oblique light pass through the medium layer in a collimated state. The whole device is fixed on the textile above 30-60 cm by an adjustable support, and the vertical distance error is controlled within ±1 cm, which ensures the uniform distribution of light beam energy.

[0093] The included angle between the oblique light and the direct light is set to 10°-60°, which takes into account the visibility and detection sensitivity of the interference fringes: small angle is suitable for high reflectivity textiles such as silk, which reduces the problem of dense fringes caused by too large optical path difference; large angle is suitable for low reflectivity fabrics such as pure cotton, which can identify defect areas ≥50μm by increasing the optical path difference to amplify the fringe shift caused by uneven dyeing. The introduction of the polarizer can improve the incoherent reflection suppression rate of the medium layer and the surface of the textile, improve the visibility of the interference fringes, and significantly improve the image acquisition quality. The optimized design of the diaphragm aperture and the vertical distance ensures that the light beam energy is concentrated in the detection area, avoiding the interference of edge stray light. Combined with the working distance of 30-60 cm, it not only ensures the compactness of the light path system, but also reserves installation space for the medium layer supply device and the image acquisition device, realizing the cooperative work of each component.

[0094] The linkage design of the mirror group and the angle adjusting device supports multi-angle scanning of the textile surface, and can adapt to the detection needs of different organizational structure fabrics. For plain fabrics, a fixed angle of 30° is used for detection. For jacquard or pile fabrics, dynamic angle conversion is used to achieve full surface coverage and eliminate detection blind spots. The combination of the polarizer and the diaphragm effectively controls the light path noise, so that the system can still stably collect high-quality interference images under 1000 lux of ambient light without relying on a darkroom environment, and the adaptability of industrial production line applications is improved. The vertical distance range of 30-60 cm is compatible with the width of most textile fabrics. Through modular design of the mechanical structure, it can be quickly integrated into the online detection link of equipment such as the tentering setting machine and the sand washing machine. Cooperate with the dynamic tension control framework to realize the synchronous compensation of tension change and fabric flatness, ensure that the detection results are not affected by mechanical vibration or fabric deformation, and provide a reliable hardware foundation for automatic and high-precision detection of dyeing uniformity.

[0095] As an embodiment, the medium layer supply device is arranged 5-50 mm above the textile, which is composed of two layers of optical-grade transparent plates and an intermediate sealing interlayer. The thickness of the sealing interlayer is 50-300 μm, which is used to fill the medium;

[0096] The absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the medium and the refractive index of the textile is 0.01-0.6, and the thickness of the medium layer is 20-200 μm;

[0097] The edge of the sealing interlayer is provided with a medium injection port and a vacuum degassing interface. The medium is injected after being filtered by a 0.1-0.3 μm filter membrane, and the vacuum degassing maintains a negative pressure of-0.06 to-0.04 MPa for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the medium in the interlayer is uniform and bubble-free.

[0098] The medium layer supply device realizes uniform medium layer construction through precise structural design and medium processing method. The device main body is formed by two layers of optical grade transparent plates fixed in parallel. The optical grade transparent plates can be quartz glass provided with an anti-reflection film, optical grade PMMA or tempered glass. The distance between the two layers of optical grade transparent plates is controlled at 50-300 pm by high-precision spacers to form a sealed sandwich structure. The sandwich edge is integrated with a medium injection port and a vacuum debubbling interface. Before injection, the medium is subjected to double processing. First, it is filtered through a polytetrafluoroethylene filter film with a pore size of 0.1-0.3 pm to remove particulate impurities and avoid scattering interference. Then, it is connected to a vacuum system and debubbled under a negative pressure of-0.06 to-0.04 MPa for 10-15 minutes to reduce the diameter of bubbles in the medium from the initial 50-100 pm to less than 5 pm. The pretreated medium is uniformly injected into the sandwich through a micro-metering pump, and a medium layer with uniform thickness is formed by capillary action or gravity diffusion. The thickness of the sandwich is monitored in real time by a laser thickness gauge to ensure that the thickness of the sealed sandwich is stable at 50-300 pm, and the actual thickness of the medium layer is controlled within the range of 20-200 pm. The device is fixed on the upper side of the textile by an adjustable support at a vertical distance of 5-50 mm, and the vertical distance error is controlled within ±0.5 mm to ensure that the parallelism between the medium layer and the textile surface is less than or equal to 0.1°.

[0099] The precise construction of the medium layer solves the problems of uneven reflection and scattering interference on the surface of the textile in traditional detection. The two layers of optical grade transparent plates form a rigid support, and the vacuum debubbling method ensures that the medium in the sandwich is uniform and bubble-free, eliminating the modulation noise of stray light on the interference fringes and improving the fringe signal-to-noise ratio from 10:1 in the traditional method to more than 50:1. The design of the medium refractive index and the textile refractive index difference |n2-n1| in the range of 0.01-0.6 ensures that the light forms a stable optical path difference when reflected on the lower surface of the medium layer and the surface of the textile. For example, when n2=1.2 and n1=1.5, the sensitivity of the optical path difference to the dye layer thickness can reach 1 pixel of offset detection, significantly improving the recognition ability of 50 pm level dyeing defects. The micron-level thickness control of the sealed sandwich and the vacuum environment avoid the pollution of dust and moisture to the medium, allowing the device to operate stably in an industrial environment with a humidity of 30%-90% and a temperature of 20-40°C for a long time, and the medium replacement cycle is extended to more than 500 hours.

[0100] The selection of medium materials needs to meet the characteristics of optical transparency, chemical stability and adjustable refractive index. Typical media include:

[0101] Silicone oil, refractive index 1.4-1.5, suitable for synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon, with a difference |n2-n1| in the range of 0.03-0.18, forming a medium optical path difference, suitable for detecting medium thickness dye layers, 20-100 pm;

[0102] Glycerol aqueous solution, by adjusting the glycerol concentration, the refractive index can be continuously adjustable between 1.33 and 1.47, suitable for natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, etc., the difference |n2-n1| is in the range of 0.05-0.21, compatible with the detection requirements of hygroscopic fabric;

[0103] Optical matching liquid, refractive index 1.6-1.8, for high refractive index textiles, the difference |n2-n1| is in the range of 0.05-0.15, by high refractive index difference to enhance the interference signal intensity, suitable for dark fabric or thick coating fabric detection.

[0104] Each type of medium needs to meet the viscosity ≤50 mPa·s, boiling point >100℃ and non-corrosive, by changing different media, the system can be compatible with more than 90% of common textile fabric dyeing uniformity detection.

[0105] As an embodiment, the light source of the light source supply device includes 600-700nm red light and 500-600nm green light. The textile dyeing uniformity detection system also includes a dynamic tension control frame for fixing the textile and adjusting the tension, the frame is driven by a servo motor, and the tension adjustment precision is ±1N. The image processing device identifies dyeing defects by comparing the offset difference of interference fringes, and when the difference between the red light fringe offset and the green light fringe offset exceeds 0.3 pixels, it is determined that the dyeing concentration is abnormal.

[0106] The light source supply device integrates 600-700nm red light or 500-600nm green light emitting components, and can select high-power LED or semiconductor laser as the light source core, and controls the output power stability through independent driving circuit. The light emitted by the light emitting component first passes through a narrow-band interference filter to filter out single-color light beams respectively, the red light filter center wavelength is 650nm±5nm, and the green light filter center wavelength is 550nm±5nm. The filtered light beams are calibrated by a collimating lens group to form collimated light beams, and then converged to a reflective optical path module through a beam combiner. The light source module is equipped with a temperature sensor and a heat dissipation device to control the temperature of the light emitting component at 25±2℃, avoiding wavelength drift, and providing stable light source input for interference detection.

[0107] The image processing device realizes accurate identification of dyeing defects through differential analysis of interference fringes. First, the collected red or green interference images are subjected to Fourier filtering to remove high-frequency noise, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved to more than 30:1. Then, the Canny edge detection algorithm is used to extract the fringe profile and calculate the pixel-level offset of each fringe. The system pre-stores a standard dyeing feature library containing the normal fringe offset range of different fabrics, with a mean value mu = 0 and a standard deviation sigma <= 0.2 pixels. When the measured red or green fringe offset difference exceeds 0.3 pixels, a defect is triggered. This threshold is based on the absorption difference of light in the dye layer, with a red light penetration depth of 5-10 mu m and a green light penetration depth of 3-6 mu m, which can sensitively capture changes in dye concentration gradient or thickness unevenness. The dynamic tension frame cooperates with the detection to eliminate the pseudo-offset signals caused by fabric deformation, and the uniform optical path difference design of the medium layer makes the system's recognition accuracy of 50 mu m-level dyeing abnormal areas reach more than 95%, significantly improving the detection reliability. The present application realizes precise control of the whole process from optical signal collection to defect quantitative analysis, and provides technical support for intelligent detection of textile dyeing quality.

[0108] The present application discloses a kind of textile dyeing uniformity detection method, for any described one of the above textile dyeing uniformity detection system, it includes:

[0109] A1: pre-treatment stage, textile is fixed by dynamic tension frame, medium layer supply device is fixed to one side of textile and medium is injected in the sealed interlayer of medium layer supply device, medium is filtered by filter membrane and treated by vacuum degassing;

[0110] A2: reflective interference detection stage, monochromatic coherent light is emitted by light source supply device, monochromatic coherent light is processed after being reflected by reflective light path device and irradiates medium layer supply device and textile, light beam is reflected by medium layer supply device and textile and forms interference region, interference image is collected by image acquisition device;

[0111] A3: wavelength difference analysis stage, image processing device is connected to image acquisition device, image processing device calls pre-stored standard dyeing feature library, collected interference image is subjected to Fourier filtering denoising, red or green fringe offset and brightness distribution are analyzed, and dye layer thickness variation and absorbance abnormal area are calculated in combination with the refractive index difference of medium and textile in sealed interlayer;

[0112] A4: quantitative analysis stage, when dye layer thickness variation and absorbance abnormal area are detected, light beam intensity is enhanced, dyeing concentration deviation is quantified through phase difference and optical path difference amplification effect of sealed interlayer, and whether textile exists dyeing defect is judged;

[0113] A5: multi-dimensional verification stage, medium in sealed interlayer is switched to liquid with different refractive indexes, and detection is repeated, and defect authenticity is verified through fringe offset consistency.

[0114] The preprocessing stage in A1 builds a stable detection benchmark by fine preparation of the medium layer with a dynamic tension framework. The dynamic tension framework uses a servo motor to drive a four-edge clamping mechanism, combined with a high-precision tension sensor for real-time closed-loop adjustment, to uniformly control the tension of the textile, and cooperate with a laser rangefinder array to monitor the flatness of the fabric, so that the surface deviation is less than 200 pm, eliminating deformation interference caused by uneven tension, such as wrinkles and stretching distortion, and ensuring that the detection area is in an ideal flat state. The medium layer supply device filters the medium through a 0.1-0.3 pm filter membrane, and deaerates it for 10-15 minutes under a negative pressure of -0.06 to -0.04 MPa, and then injects it into the sealed interlayer to form a uniform medium layer of 20-200 pm, with a refractive index difference of 0.01-0.6 from the textile, creating a scattering-free and optical path difference stable optical environment for subsequent interference detection, eliminating the interference of fabric unevenness and medium impurities on the signal from a physical level, and reducing the initial detection error by more than 70%.

[0115] The reflective interference detection in A2 realizes optical modulation of dyeing information through a light source and an optical path system. 600-700 nm red light and 500-600 nm green light generate monochromatic coherent light through narrow-band filters, which are divided into direct light and oblique light by a beam splitter prism. After penetrating the medium layer, the two beams of light are reflected on the lower surface of the medium layer and the surface of the textile, respectively, forming interference fringes due to the optical path difference. The polarizer eliminates the interference of specular reflection, and the fringe visibility is improved to more than 0.8. The image acquisition device captures the interference image with a resolution of 5 pm / pixel under the cooperation of the angle adjustment device, and transmits it to the processing unit in real time. This stage converts the thickness and concentration differences of the dye layer into quantifiable fringe shifts and brightness changes through controllable angle beam interference, realizes optical coding of dyeing uniformity, and provides high signal-to-noise ratio original signals for subsequent analysis.

[0116] The wavelength difference analysis in A3 realizes accurate defect recognition by taking advantage of the penetration difference of red light or green light in the dye layer. The red light has a penetration depth of 5-10 pm and is sensitive to the overall thickness change of the dye layer, while the green light has a penetration depth of 3-6 pm and is more sensitive to surface layer concentration anomalies. The image processing unit first performs Fourier filtering on the interference image to remove high-frequency noise, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved to 30:1. After extracting the fringe edges, the shift and brightness distribution are calculated. When the difference in red or green fringe shift is more than 0.3 pixels, it is determined that there is a dyeing concentration anomaly. This threshold is based on the difference in dye absorption coefficient between the two light speeds, which can effectively distinguish defects caused by uneven dye distribution or thickness fluctuations, and improve the recognition rate compared to single-wavelength detection, especially for deep dyeing defects.

[0117] The quantitative analysis stage in A4 realizes quantitative evaluation of defects through beam intensity enhancement and optical path difference amplification. When an abnormal area is detected, the light source power is increased from 50% of the standard value to 120%-150%, the enhanced light beam forms a stronger interference signal between the medium layer and the textile, and the optical path difference amplification effect of the sealed interlayer makes the fringe shift resolution improve to 0.1 pixel. The system establishes a dye uniformity score model, taking fringe shift standard deviation > 0.3 pixel or brightness variance > 15% as the judgment threshold, and through mathematical mapping of phase difference and optical path difference, the optical signal is converted into dye concentration deviation percentage. This stage not only realizes qualitative identification of defects, but also provides traceable numerical basis for quality control through quantitative conversion of physical quantities, meeting the accurate demand of dye grade division in industrial production.

[0118] In A5, multi-dimensional verification is realized by switching the refractive index of the medium. The system is preset with multiple refractive index matching liquids, such as silicone oil and glycerol aqueous solution, with a refractive index difference of 0.01-0.6 adjustable. When an abnormality is first detected, the medium in the sealed interlayer is automatically emptied, a liquid with a refractive index difference ≥0.3 is injected, the refractive index is switched from n2=1.2 to n2=1.5, the detection process is repeated and the fringe shift data of the two times are compared. If the fringe shift direction and amplitude are consistent under different media, it is determined to be a real defect, excluding medium contamination or accidental noise interference; if the shift amount changes irregularly, it is considered as a false judgment. This mechanism uses the sensitivity of optical path difference to refractive index to verify the necessity of defect existence from the physical model level, especially suitable for complex texture fabrics such as jacquard, velvet, or scenes easily affected by environment, through multi-dimensional data correlation analysis, a closed-loop quality control system of detection-analysis-verification is built, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the detection results. In actual detection, the system is preset with medium layer supply devices of multiple different media, which can be replaced directly.

[0119] As an embodiment, the specific steps in A2 are to fix the light source supply device to the medium layer supply device away from the textile, connect the reflective light path device to the light source supply device, connect the angle adjusting device to the reflective light path device, the light source supply device emits monochromatic coherent light, the reflective light path device processes the monochromatic coherent light and divides it into direct light and oblique light, and adjusts the angles of the two beams of light through the angle adjusting device and guides the two beams of light through the medium layer supply device and irradiates the surface of the textile, the medium layer supply device and the textile receive the two beams of light and reflect them to form an interference area, the angle adjusting device is connected to the image acquisition device, and the image acquisition device is set in the interference area to acquire interference images by adjusting the acquisition angle through the angle adjusting device.

[0120] As an embodiment, after the textile is fixed by the dynamic tension frame in A1, the flatness deviation of the textile is <200μm;

[0121] The light source supply device in A2 adjusts the included angle between direct light and oblique light to 10°-60° after emitting a light beam, and scans the pitch angle of 10°-45°;

[0122] The intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source supply device in A2 is set to 30%-50% of the standard value, the dyeing abnormal area of ≥50 μm is roughly positioned through an edge detection algorithm, and the subsequent detection range is reduced;

[0123] In A4, when the dye layer thickness variation and the light absorbance abnormal area are detected, the light beam intensity is enhanced to 120%-150% of the standard value;

[0124] The light beam intensity of the standard value is the light beam intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source supply device when the power of the light source supply device is 100%;

[0125] In A4, the quantitative analysis is realized by establishing a dyeing uniformity score model, and when the stripe offset standard deviation is greater than 0.3 pixels or the brightness variance is greater than 15%, it is determined that the dyeing is uneven.

[0126] The flatness deviation of <200 μm is set based on the requirement of the optical path difference accuracy of the interference detection, and the fabric fluctuation of 200 μm corresponds to an optical path difference of about 0.4 μm, so as to avoid the interference of the detection of sub-micron dyeing defects. The included angle of 10°-60° between the direct light and the oblique light is suitable for high-reflective fabrics, and the included angle of 60° can amplify the optical path difference signal of low-reflective fabrics; the light intensity of 30%-50% can ensure the signal-to-noise ratio required by the edge detection, and can also avoid the saturation of the mirror reflection caused by strong light. In A4, the light intensity enhancement of 120%-150% conforms to the linear response interval of the optical signal, the 0.3 pixel offset standard deviation threshold corresponds to a dye layer thickness change of 1.5 μm, and the 15% brightness variance threshold is based on the gray scale resolution of the industrial camera, and the correlation between the two and the visible color difference is verified through a large number of experiments, so as to ensure that the quantitative standard is consistent with the actual quality requirement.

[0127] The application discloses a textile dyeing method, and the dyeing uniformity is detected after dyeing by using any one of the textile dyeing uniformity detection systems or using any one of the textile dyeing uniformity detection methods, which comprises the following steps:

[0128] S1: sand washing pretreatment, impurity removal pretreatment is performed on the grey cloth;

[0129] S2: flat airflow sand washing, the grey cloth is sand washed by using a flat airflow sand washing machine;

[0130] S3: one-bath dyeing, acid dispersion pigment is used to dye polyester, and acid dye is used to dye silk, and one-bath dyeing is adopted for synchronous dyeing;

[0131] S4: soaping treatment, soaping is performed;

[0132] S5: fixing treatment, fixing treatment is performed on the dyed fabric;

[0133] S6: open-air airflow softening drying, softening drying is performed by using open-air airflow equipment;

[0134] S7: tentering setting, tentering setting is performed to prepare the textile product.

[0135] As an embodiment, the sand washing pre-treatment in S1 includes cloth inspection, cloth turning and end sewing treatment, and industrial alkali is used for cloth degreasing treatment, and the concentration of the industrial alkali is 20-30 g / L;

[0136] The sand washing conditions in S2 are as follows: air speed 40%-60%, water speed 40%-60%, machine speed 8-12 m / min, sand washing time 20-30 min, and the additives include 25-35 g / L industrial alkali and 0.5-1.5 g / L dispersing agent, and the temperature is controlled at 73-77℃;

[0137] The pH value of the dyeing in S3 is controlled at 4-5, the amount of the acid dispersion pigment is 1-3% of the weight of the fabric, the amount of the acid dye is 0.5-2% of the weight of the fabric, the dyeing temperature is 100-130℃, and the holding time is 30-60 min;

[0138] The soap washing treatment in S4 uses a soap washing agent with a concentration of 2-5 g / L, and is treated at 96-100℃ for 13-17 min, and hot water washing and cold water washing are performed after the soap washing;

[0139] The fixing treatment in S5 uses a fixing agent with a concentration of 1-3 g / L, the treatment temperature is 50-70℃, the time is 15-25 min, and the pH value is controlled at 5-7;

[0140] The air speed of the open-air airflow softening drying in S6 is 30-50 m / s, the temperature is 65-75℃, and the drying is performed until the moisture regain of the fabric is 8-12%;

[0141] The temperature of the tentering setting in S7 is 165-175℃, the machine speed is 23-27 m / min, the setting time is 1-2 min, 7-11 baking ovens are used, and a tension of 10-15% of the width of the fabric in the transverse direction is applied during the setting process.

[0142] As an embodiment, a neutralization treatment is added after the sand washing in S1, acetic acid is used to adjust the pH value of the fabric to 6-7, the concentration of the neutralization liquid is 0.5-1 g / L, the treatment temperature is 40-50℃, and the time is 10-15 min, so as to avoid the influence of alkali residue on the dyeing effect.

[0143] It should be understood that, for those skilled in the art, improvements or changes can be made according to the above description, and all these improvements and changes shall belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A textile dyeing uniformity detection system, characterized in that: include: A light source supply device is provided above the textile and is used to provide a light source beam and cooperate with a narrow-band filter to generate monochromatic coherent light; a dielectric layer supply device, disposed between the light source supply device and the textile, for forming a uniform dielectric layer above the textile; A reflective optical path device is provided above the textile and connected to the light source supply device, and is used to separate the monochromatic coherent light into direct light and oblique light, and guide the direct light and oblique light to illuminate and pass through the dielectric layer supply device and then continue to illuminate the textile surface. The dielectric layer supply device and the textile surface receive the reflected light and reflect it to form an interference area; An image acquisition device is provided directly above the interference region and is used to acquire the interference fringe image formed by the reflected light; An angle adjustment device, the angle adjustment device is connected to the reflective optical path device and the image acquisition device, and is used to adjust the illumination angle of the reflective optical path device and the acquisition angle of the image acquisition device; The image processing device pre-stores a library of standard textile dyeing features, and is used to analyze the offset and brightness distribution of interference fringes transmitted by the image acquisition device, and identify uneven dyeing areas and defects on the textiles.

2. A textile dyeing uniformity detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the oblique light and the direct light in the reflective optical path device is 10°-60°; The reflective optical path device includes a beam splitter prism, a reflector group and a polarizer. The beam splitter prism divides the light source beam into direct light and oblique light. The reflector group is connected to the angle adjustment device to adjust the angle of the oblique light. The polarizer eliminates the interference of reflective light from the dielectric layer supply device and the textile surface. The aperture of the aperture is 80%-110% of the diameter of the detection beam. The vertical distance between the reflective optical path device and the textile surface is 30-60 cm.

3. A textile dyeing uniformity detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium layer supply device is located 5-50 mm above the textile and consists of two layers of optical grade transparent plates and a middle sealing interlayer with a thickness of 50-300 μm, which is used to fill the medium; The absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the medium and the refractive index of the textile is 0.01-0.6, and the thickness of the medium layer is 20-200 μm; The edge of the sealed interlayer is provided with a medium injection port and a vacuum degassing interface. The medium is injected after being filtered through a 0.1-0.3μm filter membrane. The vacuum degassing maintains a negative pressure of -0.06 to -0.04MPa for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the medium in the interlayer is uniform and free of bubbles.

4. A textile dyeing uniformity detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source of the light source supply device includes 600-700nm red light and 500-600nm green light; The textile dyeing uniformity detection system also includes a dynamic tension control frame, which is used to fix the textile and adjust the tension. The frame is driven by a servo motor with a tension adjustment accuracy of ±1N. The image processing device identifies dyeing defects by comparing the offset differences of the interference fringes. When the difference between the offset of the red light fringes and the offset of the green light fringes exceeds 0.3 pixels, it is determined that the dyeing density is abnormal.

5. A method for detecting textile dyeing uniformity, using a textile dyeing uniformity detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: A1: Pretreatment stage: The textile is fixed by a dynamic tension frame, the medium layer supply device is fixed to one side of the textile, and the medium is injected into the sealed interlayer of the medium layer supply device. The medium is filtered through a filter membrane and vacuum degassing treatment; A2: In the reflective interferometry detection stage, the light source supply device emits monochromatic coherent light. After being processed by the reflective optical path device, the monochromatic coherent light illuminates the dielectric layer supply device and the textile. The light beam is reflected by the dielectric layer supply device and the textile to form an interference area. The image acquisition device captures the interference image. A3: During the wavelength differential analysis phase, the image processing device is connected to the image acquisition device. The image processing device accesses a pre-stored library of standard dyeing features, performs Fourier filtering and denoising on the collected interference image, analyzes the offset and brightness distribution of the red or green light fringes, and calculates the thickness change of the dye layer and the area of ​​abnormal absorbance based on the refractive index difference between the sealing interlayer medium and the textile. A4: During the quantitative analysis phase, when changes in dye layer thickness and abnormal absorbance are detected, the beam intensity is increased. Through the wavelength phase difference and the optical path difference amplification effect of the sealed interlayer, the dye concentration deviation is quantified to determine whether the textile has dyeing defects. A5: During the multi-dimensional verification phase, the medium in the sealed interlayer is switched to a liquid with a different refractive index, and the test is repeated to verify the authenticity of the defect through the consistency of the fringe offset.

6. A method for detecting dyeing uniformity of textiles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps in A2 are: fixing the light source supply device to the side of the dielectric layer supply device away from the textile, connecting the reflective optical path device to the light source supply device, connecting the angle adjustment device to the reflective optical path device, the light source supply device emits monochromatic coherent light, and the reflective optical path device divides the monochromatic coherent light into direct light and oblique light after processing the monochromatic coherent light, and adjusting the angles of the two beams of light through the angle adjustment device and guiding the two beams of light to pass through the dielectric layer supply device and illuminate the surface of the textile, and after receiving the two beams of light, the dielectric layer supply device and the textile reflect the light beams to form an interference area, and the angle adjustment device is connected to the image acquisition device, and the image acquisition device is set in the interference area and adjusts the acquisition angle through the angle adjustment device to collect the interference image.

7. A method for detecting dyeing uniformity of textiles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In A1, after the textile is fixed by the dynamic tension frame, the flatness deviation of the textile is less than 200 μm; After the light source supply device in A2 emits a light beam, it adjusts the angle between the direct light and the oblique light to 10°-60°, and the scanning pitch angle is 10°-45°; In A2, the intensity of the light beam emitted by the light source supply device is set to 30%-50% of the standard value. The edge detection algorithm is used to roughly locate the abnormal staining area ≥50μm, narrowing the subsequent detection range; In A4, when changes in dye layer thickness and areas of abnormal absorbance are detected, the beam intensity is increased to 120%-150% of the standard value; The standard value of the beam intensity is the beam intensity of the light beam emitted when the power of the light source supply device is 100%; Quantitative analysis in A4 is achieved by establishing a dyeing uniformity scoring model. When the standard deviation of stripe offset is greater than 0.3 pixels or the brightness variance is greater than 15%, it is judged as a dyeing unevenness defect.

8. A textile dyeing method, wherein after dyeing, dyeing uniformity is detected using a textile dyeing uniformity detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or a textile dyeing uniformity detection method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: include: S1: Sand washing pre-treatment, to remove impurities from the grey cloth; S2: Open-width airflow sand washing, using an open-width airflow sand washing machine to sand wash the grey cloth; S3: One-bath dyeing, using acid disperse pigments to dye polyester and acid dyes to dye silk, using one-bath simultaneous dyeing; S4: soaping treatment, soaping; S5: color fixing treatment, which fixes the dyed fabric; S6: Open-width airflow soft drying, using open-width airflow equipment for soft drying; S7: tentering and shaping, performing tentering and shaping to prepare textiles.

9. A textile dyeing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: S1 sand washing pre-treatment includes grey fabric inspection, turning over and seam treatment, and grey fabric degreasing with industrial alkali at a concentration of 20-30g / L; The sand washing conditions in S2 are: wind speed 40%-60%, water speed 40%-60%, vehicle speed 8-12m / min, sand washing time 20-30min, additives include 25-35g / L industrial alkali and 0.5-1.5g / L dispersant, and temperature is controlled at 73-77℃; The dyeing pH value in S3 is controlled at 4-5, the amount of acid disperse pigment is 1-3% of the fabric weight, the amount of acid dye is 0.5-2% of the fabric weight, the dyeing temperature is 100-130℃, and the holding time is 30-60min; In S4, soaping treatment uses a soaping agent concentration of 2-5 g / L, treatment at 96-100 ° C for 13-17 minutes, and hot water washing and cold water washing are performed after soaping; In S5, the color fixation treatment uses a color fixative concentration of 1-3 g / L, a treatment temperature of 50-70°C, a treatment time of 15-25 min, and a pH value controlled at 5-7; The wind speed of S6 medium width airflow soft drying is 30-50m / s, the temperature is 65-75℃, and the fabric moisture regain is 8-12%; The temperature of stenter setting in S7 is 165-175℃, the speed is 23-27m / min, the setting time is 1-2min, and a 7-11 section drying oven is used. The tension applied during the setting process is 10-15% of the transverse width of the fabric.

10. A textile dyeing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After S1 sand washing, add a neutralization treatment, use acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the fabric to 6-7, the concentration of the neutralizing solution is 0.5-1g / L, the treatment temperature is 40-50℃, and the treatment time is 10-15min to avoid alkali residue affecting the dyeing effect.

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