Wind speed calculation method and device, storage medium and electronic device

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind speed calculation method and device, a storage medium and an electronic device, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the propagation time data and propagation distance data of an ultrasonic signal under the condition that an ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives the ultrasonic signal in a plurality of preset directions; determining a target first duration of propagation of the ultrasonic signal in the downwind direction and a target second duration of propagation of the ultrasonic signal in the upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determining a difference value between a reciprocal of the target first duration and a reciprocal of the target second duration; and substituting the difference value and the propagation distance data into a target formula for calculation to obtain a first wind speed. By adopting the technical scheme, the problem of how to realize accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement in a complex environment is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind speed calculation method and device, a storage medium and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for renewable energy worldwide, wind power, as a clean and sustainable energy form, has been rapidly developed and widely deployed. Wind farms are usually located in open areas or specific terrain conditions to fully utilize the wind energy resources in nature. However, these environments are often accompanied by complex meteorological conditions and turbulence phenomena, which pose a major challenge to the accurate measurement of wind speed. Currently, the wind speed measurement devices commonly used in wind farms mainly include cup anemometers, propeller anemometers, and laser radars, etc. Although these measurement methods can provide relatively accurate wind speed data under certain conditions, their performance is severely limited when facing complex and variable turbulence environments. Ultrasonic wind speed measurement technology and local area network measurement systems can theoretically significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement, but in practical applications, a series of key technical problems still need to be overcome, including how to maintain the stability of measurement in complex turbulence environment, how to effectively identify and correct the influence of turbulence on wind speed measurement, and how to build an efficient and stable local area network measurement system to ensure the data transmission quality and security under large-scale deployment.

[0003] For the problem of how to achieve the accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement in complex environment in the related art, there is currently no effective solution.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the related art to overcome the defects in the related art. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a wind speed calculation method and device, a storage medium and an electronic device to at least solve the problem of how to achieve the accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement in complex environment.

[0006] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a wind speed calculation method is provided, comprising: collecting propagation time data and propagation distance data of ultrasonic signals when an ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in a plurality of preset directions; determining a target first duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the wind direction and a target second duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating against the wind direction based on the propagation time data, and determining the difference between the reciprocal of the target first duration and the reciprocal of the target second duration; substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula to calculate a first wind speed.

[0007] In an example embodiment, before the difference value and the propagation distance data are substituted into the target formula to calculate the first wind speed, the method further comprises: correcting the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave signal propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer through a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation speed; determining a first speed and a second speed of the ultrasonic wave signal propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer in the downwind direction, wherein the first speed is the sum of the target propagation speed and the target wind speed, and the second speed is the difference between the target propagation speed and the target wind speed; determining a first relationship according to the first speed, a first time length and a first distance, and determining a second relationship according to the second speed, a second time length and a second distance, wherein the first distance and the second distance are a preset test distance, and the first time length and the second time length are the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave signal in the preset test distance; and determining the target formula based on the first relationship and the second relationship.

[0008] In an example embodiment, the correction of the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave signal propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer through a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation speed comprises: processing temperature data according to a first functional relationship between the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave signal in the air and the temperature to obtain the target propagation speed, wherein the first functional relationship is: c = A + BT, c is the corrected target propagation speed, A is a constant, B is a temperature coefficient, and T represents the current ambient temperature.

[0009] In an example embodiment, after the difference value and the propagation distance data are substituted into the target formula to calculate the first wind speed, the method further comprises: collecting wind speeds at multiple time points in a target period to obtain multiple first wind speeds; calculating the difference between each of the multiple first wind speeds and the average wind speed to obtain multiple difference values; arranging the multiple difference values in time sequence to obtain a wind speed fluctuation sequence; and determining the turbulence intensity of the wind speed according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, wherein the turbulence intensity is used to indicate the degree of change of the wind speed.

[0010] In an example embodiment, after the turbulence intensity of the wind speed is determined according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, the method further comprises: classifying the turbulence intensity of the wind speed based on a preset turbulence level table to obtain a classification result, wherein the preset turbulence level table records the corresponding relationship between different turbulence intensities, different turbulence levels and wind speed correction coefficients; and correcting the first wind speed based on the wind speed correction coefficient determined based on the classification result to obtain a second wind speed.

[0011] In one exemplary embodiment, after the first wind speed is obtained by substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into the target formula, the method further comprises: determining that the first wind speed does not have a measurement deviation if the first wind speed is less than or equal to the preset wind speed; and determining that the first wind speed has a measurement deviation if the first wind speed is greater than the preset wind speed.

[0012] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a wind speed calculation device is further provided, comprising: a collection module, configured to collect propagation time data and propagation distance data of ultrasonic signals when an ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives the ultrasonic signals in multiple preset directions; a first determination module, configured to determine a target first duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in a downwind direction and a target second duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in an upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determine a difference between a reciprocal of the target first duration and a reciprocal of the target second duration; and a calculation module, configured to obtain a first wind speed by substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula.

[0013] According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is further provided, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the wind speed calculation method when running.

[0014] According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an electronic device is further provided, which comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the wind speed calculation method through the computer program.

[0015] According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer program product is further provided, which comprises a computer program, and the computer program executes the wind speed calculation method when executed by a processor.

[0016] According to the embodiments of the present application, the propagation time data and the propagation distance data of ultrasonic signals are collected when an ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives the ultrasonic signals in multiple preset directions; a target first duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in a downwind direction and a target second duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in an upwind direction are determined based on the propagation time data, and a difference between a reciprocal of the target first duration and a reciprocal of the target second duration is determined; and a first wind speed is obtained by substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula. By using the above technical solution, the problem of how to realize the accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement in a complex environment is solved. Furthermore, by measuring the propagation time difference between the downwind and upwind directions and the combination of the propagation distance in the multi-direction ultrasonic signal transmission and reception, the first wind speed is calculated by using a specific formula, and the accurate measurement of the wind speed in a complex environment is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal of a wind speed calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a wind speed calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of an ultrasonic wind speed temperature instrument and a turbulence special-purpose local area network measurement system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic wind speed temperature instrument and a turbulence special-purpose local area network measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a structure block diagram of a wind speed calculation device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the personnel in the technical field better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed in a computer terminal, a mobile terminal or a similar computing device. Taking running on a computer terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for a wind speed calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the computer terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown) a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include but is not limited to a central processing unit (CPU) or a programmable logic device (FPGA)) and a memory 104 for storing data. The computer terminal may also include a transmission device 106 and an input / output device 108 for communication functions. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 1 The structure shown is only for illustration and does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned computer terminal. For example, the computer terminal may also include Figure 1 More or fewer components than shown, or with Figure 1 Different configurations shown.

[0027] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as software programs of application software and modules, for example, a computer program corresponding to the adjustment method of the monitoring network point in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 102 performs various functional applications and data processing, that is, implements the above method, by running the computer program stored in the memory 104. The memory 104 can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memories, or other non-volatile solid-state memories. In some examples, the memory 104 can further include a memory remotely arranged with respect to the processor 102, which can be connected to the computer terminal through a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof.

[0028] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the above network can include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the computer terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 can be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet in a wireless manner.

[0029] In the embodiments, a wind speed calculation method is provided, Figure 2 is a flow chart of a wind speed calculation method according to the embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 The flow chart includes the following steps S202-S206:

[0030] Step S202: In the case that the ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in a plurality of preset directions, collecting propagation time data and propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals;

[0031] Step S204: determining a target first time length of the ultrasonic signals propagating in a downwind direction and a target second time length of the ultrasonic signals propagating in an upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determining a difference between a reciprocal of the target first time length and a reciprocal of the target second time length;

[0032] Step S206: substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula to calculate a first wind speed.

[0033] The above steps, in the case that the ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in multiple preset directions, collect propagation time data and propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals; determine a target first time length of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the downwind direction and a target second time length of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determine a difference between a reciprocal of the target first time length and a reciprocal of the target second time length; and substitute the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula to calculate a first wind speed. By using the above technical solution, the problem of how to realize the accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement in a complex environment is solved. Furthermore, by measuring the propagation time difference between the downwind and upwind directions and combining it with the propagation distance in the multi-direction ultrasonic signal transmission and reception, the first wind speed is calculated by using a specific formula, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of wind speed in a complex environment.

[0034] In one exemplary embodiment, before the difference and the propagation distance data are substituted into the target formula to calculate the first wind speed, the above method further comprises: correcting the speed of the ultrasonic signals propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer by using a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation speed; determining a first speed of the ultrasonic signals propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer propagating in the downwind direction and a second speed of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the upwind direction, wherein the first speed is the sum of the target propagation speed and the first wind speed, and the second speed is the difference between the target propagation speed and the first wind speed; determining a first relationship formula according to the first speed, the first time length and the first distance, and determining a second relationship formula according to the second speed, the second time length and the second distance, wherein the first distance and the second distance are equal preset test distances, and the first time length and the second time length are the propagation time lengths of the ultrasonic signals in the preset test distances; and determining the target formula based on the first relationship formula and the second relationship formula.

[0035] Optionally, in actual application, since the temperature has an impact on the propagation speed of the ultrasonic waves, the real ultrasonic propagation speed (target propagation speed) needs to be corrected according to the ambient temperature at that time, and the corrected speed is denoted by c. When the ultrasonic waves propagate in the downwind direction, the effective speed (first speed) thereof is equal to the propagation speed of the ultrasonic waves in the static air plus the first wind speed, i.e. (c+V). This means that the propagation of the ultrasonic waves in the downwind direction will be a little faster, and therefore the measured time from transmission to reception will be shorter. When the ultrasonic waves propagate in the upwind direction, the effective speed (second speed) thereof is equal to the propagation speed of the ultrasonic waves in the static air minus the first wind speed, i.e. (c-V). In this case, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic waves will be slower than that in the static air condition, resulting in a longer measured time from transmission to reception. The first relationship formula determined according to the first speed, the first time length and the first distance is: d 12 = (c+V)t 12 The second relationship formula determined according to the second speed, the second time length and the second distance is: d 21= (c + V) t 21 , d 12 = d 21 = d, the first relationship and the second relationship can determine the target formula as: The v is the first wind speed, the d is the preset test distance, the t 12 is the first time length of the ultrasonic signal propagating in the downwind direction, and the t 21 is the second time length of the ultrasonic signal propagating in the upwind direction.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment, the speed of the ultrasonic wave signal propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer is corrected by a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation speed, comprising: processing temperature data according to a first functional relationship between the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave signal in the air and the temperature to obtain the target propagation speed, wherein the first functional relationship is: c = A + BT, c is the corrected target propagation speed, A is a constant, used to represent the standard propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air, B is a temperature coefficient, used to represent the rate of change of the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air with temperature, and T represents the current environmental temperature.

[0037] Optionally, in a wind farm, in order to accurately measure the wind speed and optimize the operation of the wind turbine, an ultrasonic anemometer is deployed. In a certain measurement, the environmental temperature T is monitored in real time as 20℃. According to the first functional relationship c = A + BT, where A is 331.3 (m / s), B is 0.606 (m / s / ℃), the target propagation speed c can be calculated. c = 331.3 + 0.606 x 20 = 331.3 + 12.12 = 343.42 (m / s). This means that at the current environmental temperature of 20℃, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave signal in the air is 343.42 m / s, which is the target propagation speed after temperature compensation.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, after the first wind speed is obtained by substituting the difference value and the propagation distance data into the target formula, the above method further comprises: collecting the wind speed at multiple time points in the target period to obtain multiple first wind speeds; calculating the difference between each first wind speed and the average wind speed in the multiple first wind speeds to obtain multiple difference values, and arranging the multiple difference values in time sequence to obtain a wind speed fluctuation sequence; determining the turbulence intensity of the wind speed according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, wherein the turbulence intensity is used to indicate the degree of change of the wind speed.

[0039] Optionally, in a wind farm, ultrasonic anemometers are deployed to monitor wind speed and turbulence characteristics. Assume that the instrument collects wind speed data every 10 seconds for one hour, resulting in 360 first wind speed values. To evaluate the turbulence intensity of the wind speed, first calculate the average wind speed of the 360 wind speed values. Assume that the average wind speed for the one hour is 6 meters / second. Calculate the difference between each first wind speed and the average wind speed, resulting in 360 difference values. These difference values are arranged in time sequence, forming a continuous wind speed fluctuation sequence. Next, calculate the root mean square (RMS) value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence. Assume that the calculated RMS value is 1.2 meters / second. The turbulence intensity can be determined by the following formula: turbulence intensity = RMS / average wind speed = 1.2 / 6 = 0.2, which means that the fluctuation degree of the wind speed reaches 20% of the average wind speed in the one-hour observation period, belonging to the medium turbulence intensity level.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, after determining the turbulence intensity of the wind speed according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, the above method further comprises: classifying the turbulence intensity of the wind speed based on a preset turbulence level table to obtain a classification result, wherein the preset turbulence level table records the corresponding relationship between different turbulence intensities, different turbulence levels, and wind speed correction coefficients; and correcting the first wind speed based on the wind speed correction coefficient determined based on the classification result to obtain a second wind speed.

[0041] Optionally, in a wind farm, ultrasonic anemometers are used to monitor wind speed and turbulence characteristics. The instrument calculates the turbulence intensity to be 25% by analyzing the wind speed fluctuation sequence. The preset turbulence level table specifies the following classification: turbulence intensity <10% is low turbulence level, and the correction coefficient is 1.00; 10%≤ turbulence intensity <20% is medium turbulence level, and the correction coefficient is 1.05; and turbulence intensity ≥20% is high turbulence level, and the correction coefficient is 1.10. According to the calculated turbulence intensity of 25%, the instrument determines the classification result to be high turbulence level. Assume that the ultrasonic anemometer measures a first wind speed of 8 meters / second at a certain time. Since the classification result is high turbulence level, the corresponding correction coefficient is 1.10. Therefore, the instrument corrects the first wind speed and calculates a second wind speed: second wind speed = first wind speed × wind speed correction coefficient = 8 × 1.10 = 8.8 meters / second.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, after substituting the difference value and the propagation distance data into the target formula to calculate the first wind speed, the method further comprises: determining that the first wind speed does not have a measurement deviation when the first wind speed is less than or equal to a preset wind speed; and determining that the first wind speed has a measurement deviation when the first wind speed is greater than the preset wind speed.

[0043] Optionally, in a wind farm, an ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument is used for real-time wind speed monitoring. The preset wind speed value is set to 15 m / s, which is the wind speed threshold for the wind turbine to design full load operation. In a measurement, the first wind speed recorded by the instrument is 12 m / s, which is less than or equal to the preset wind speed 15 m / s. According to the above method, it is directly determined that there is no measurement deviation for the first wind speed 12 m / s, which can be directly used for the operation management and decision of the wind farm, such as increasing the output power of the wind turbine and improving the power generation efficiency. In another measurement, it is assumed that the first wind speed recorded by the instrument is 18 m / s, which exceeds the preset wind speed 15 m / s. At this time, it is automatically identified that there is a measurement deviation. The operator can further analyze the cause of the deviation. For example, check whether there is an obstacle or weather change affecting the measurement of wind speed, or whether the sensor needs to be calibrated. Based on the degree of deviation, the operator can adjust the operation strategy of the wind turbine, such as appropriately increasing the load of the wind turbine to increase the power generation after confirming that the wind speed is indeed higher than the preset value; if the deviation is caused by the failure of the measurement equipment, the equipment needs to be repaired or replaced in time to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0044] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. In order to better understand the above method, the above process is described in combination with the following embodiments, but not used to limit the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, specifically:

[0045] The optional embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument and a turbulence special-purpose local area network measurement method. The method measures the sound wave propagation time in different directions through an ultrasonic transducer, calculates the wind speed according to the time difference principle; at the same time, a built-in temperature sensor monitors the environmental temperature in real time, dynamically adjusts the sound speed value to compensate for the temperature influence, and ensures the measurement accuracy. In addition, a data processing and control module is also carried, which is used for signal processing, data storage and preliminary analysis, and transmits the data to the local area network through an Ethernet or wireless communication module, realizes remote monitoring and data analysis.

[0046] Optionally, Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of an ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument and a turbulence special-purpose local area network measurement system according to an embodiment of the present application; the system at least includes: an ultrasonic wind measurement module 32, a temperature sensor 34, a data processing and control module 36, a communication module and a local area network interface 38. The above system can be realized through the following process, specifically, the ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves, and the receiving end records the arrival time of the ultrasonic waves. The wind speed is calculated by measuring the ultrasonic wave propagation time in the wind direction and the adverse wind direction. The air temperature is measured in real time, and the calculated wind speed value is corrected. The wind speed and temperature data are stored, statistically analyzed, and the average wind speed and turbulence intensity and other key parameters are calculated. The processed data are transmitted to the local area network through the communication module, and finally uploaded to the central control system for further analysis and display.

[0047] Optionally, the ultrasonic wind measurement module 32. Through precise transducer frequency selection and three-axis orthogonal layout design, high-precision and omnidirectional measurement of wind speed and direction is achieved. Specifically, it includes:

[0048] (1) Transducer selection. High-performance ultrasonic transducers with a working frequency of 40 kHz are selected. This frequency provides good time and spatial resolution in wind measurement applications, ensuring high-precision time measurement within the target wind measurement range, and thus accurate calculation of wind speed.

[0049] (2) Three-axis layout design. The ultrasonic wind measurement module 32 adopts a three-axis (X, Y, Z) orthogonal layout, with a pair of ultrasonic transducers on each axis. This layout design allows the capture of wind direction and speed changes from a three-dimensional perspective. By comparing the measurement results of different axes, the combined wind speed and direction can be calculated, providing more comprehensive wind information.

[0050] Optionally, the temperature sensor 34. The PT100 platinum resistance sensor is selected as the temperature measurement element because of its fast response characteristics, which can instantly reflect environmental temperature changes. When installed, it is placed near the ultrasonic wind measurement path to ensure that temperature measurement and wind speed detection are performed in the same environment, ensuring the correlation and consistency of the data. In this way, real-time monitoring of temperature can accurately correct the ultrasonic wave propagation speed, thereby improving the accuracy of wind speed measurement.

[0051] Optionally, the data processing and control module 36. The signals from the ultrasonic transducers are amplified, filtered, and time-series analyzed, and the wind speed value is calculated. The microprocessor is used to collect and store wind speed, temperature, and other data, and perform preliminary processing such as calculating average wind speed, turbulence intensity, and other parameters. The microprocessor mainly uses the STM32 series microcontroller, which is responsible for core data processing tasks, including receiving and analyzing signals from ultrasonic sensors and temperature sensors, calculating wind speed and temperature values, and executing data fusion algorithms to integrate this information. In addition, the STM32 also undertakes various functions of the control system, ensuring the accuracy and real-time performance of the measurement data. The system is equipped with non-volatile memory, mainly used to save historical data collected. Even in the case of power failure, these data will not be lost, ensuring the safety and persistence of the data.

[0052] Optionally, the communication module interfaces with the local area network 38. In the design of the communication module, a W5500 hardware TCP / IP module is used to support wired LAN connection, ensuring that data can be transmitted stably to the central system through Ethernet. At the same time, an ESP8266 wireless module is integrated, which provides Wi-Fi connection capability, making remote data access possible and enhancing the flexibility and network coverage of the system. The combination of these two parts ensures that the ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument can efficiently and reliably transmit measurement data whether in a fixed location or in a wireless transmission scenario, meeting the communication needs in different environments. In summary, wireless communication modules are used to achieve wireless data transmission, making it convenient to arrange the anemometer in a wide area; through the LAN interface, Ethernet or wireless LAN is connected to the LAN, realizing remote data transmission and centralized processing.

[0053] Optionally, Figure 4 is an ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument and a special LAN measurement method flowchart according to an embodiment of the present application, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Data acquisition and processing. Specifically including:

[0055] (1) Time measurement: Use a high-precision timer to accurately measure the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in the wind direction, against the wind and in the crosswind direction. The difference in ultrasonic wave propagation time in each direction reflects the existence of wind speed. By comparing the ultrasonic wave propagation time recorded by the same pair of sensors in the wind direction and against the wind direction, the time difference is calculated.

[0056] (2) Temperature compensation algorithm: The temperature sensor continuously monitors the ambient temperature and sends its value to the data processing unit. The data processing unit uses the formula (c = 331.3 + 0.606T) to dynamically calculate the sound speed c according to the real-time temperature, where T is the current ambient temperature. Then, the calculated sound speed value is applied to the wind speed calculation formula to ensure that the wind speed measurement is not affected by temperature changes.

[0057] Optionally, the ultrasonic wave propagation speed in air is used to measure the wind speed. According to the Doppler effect and time difference principle, there is the following relationship between the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves and the wind speed: where v is the wind speed, d is the distance, t 12 and t 21 are the propagation times of ultrasonic waves in the wind direction and against the wind direction, respectively.

[0058] (3) Turbulence analysis. To capture the turbulence characteristics, wind speed data is continuously collected over multiple time intervals. By performing statistical analysis on the wind speed fluctuations over a period of time, the turbulence intensity is calculated, typically using standard deviation or variance as a measure of turbulence level. The wind speed variation over time and frequency is analyzed, and the energy spectrum distribution of turbulence is calculated using mathematical tools such as Fourier transform, to understand the distribution of turbulence energy at different frequencies.

[0059] Step 2: Data transmission and communication. After data processing is completed, the communication software is responsible for converting wind speed, temperature and turbulence data into TCP / IP compatible data packet format, ensuring the integrity and security of data during network transmission. Through the integrated Ethernet module or wireless Wi-Fi module, the packaged data packets are sent to the central server according to the TCP / IP protocol stack. The Ethernet module is used for wired network connection, suitable for stable environment; while the Wi-Fi module provides wireless data transmission, enhancing the adaptability of the system in complex terrain.

[0060] Step 3: Data storage and display. In order to ensure continuous data collection and instant availability of wind speed and temperature information, the ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument adopts a ring buffer strategy for local data storage.

[0061] Optionally, the ring buffer is a high-efficiency data structure that rewrites old data in a circular manner to constantly update the latest data. This method is particularly suitable for real-time monitoring scenarios with continuous data streams, as it can use fixed-size storage space indefinitely without worrying about data overflow or loss. Specifically, the ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument stores each wind speed and temperature data point collected in the ring buffer. When the buffer is full, new data will overwrite the oldest data item, always keeping a certain number of the latest data available. In this way, even in the case of unstable or disconnected Internet connection, the device can still continuously collect and save critical information until the network is restored to upload to the cloud or server.

[0062] Optionally, in order to facilitate wind farm managers and researchers to remotely access and analyze the data of the anemometer, the ultrasonic wind speed and temperature instrument is developed with a web-based real-time monitoring interface. This interface allows users to connect to any anemometer through a local area network using any terminal device (such as PC, smartphone or tablet) equipped with a browser through standard HTTP / HTTPS protocol. The main functions of the real-time monitoring interface include:

[0063] (1) Real-time data viewing: displays real-time readings of current wind speed, temperature and turbulence intensity.

[0064] (2) Historical data analysis: allows users to query and download historical data saved in the ring buffer for offline analysis.

[0065] (3) Device management: Remote monitoring of device status such as battery level, signal strength, etc.

[0066] (4) Alarm settings: Users can customize alarm thresholds for wind speed, temperature, or turbulence intensity, and the system will automatically send notifications when measured values exceed these thresholds.

[0067] Optionally, the ultrasonic transducer, temperature sensor, microcontroller, and communication module are integrated into a sealed, waterproof housing to withstand the harsh environment of a wind farm. The correctness of data acquisition, processing, and transmission is verified through debugging tools, and system performance optimization is performed, including computational efficiency, data transmission speed, and reliability. Under laboratory conditions, different wind speed and temperature conditions are simulated to verify the measurement accuracy and stability of the system. Then, the device is installed in an actual wind farm for long-term testing to evaluate its performance in real-world environments.

[0068] It should be noted that for wind farm deployment, typical measurement points in the wind farm (such as near wind turbines, valleys, open areas, etc.) are selected, and ultrasonic anemometers are installed, connected to a central monitoring system via a local area network. The central monitoring system will receive real-time wind speed, temperature, and turbulence data from each measurement point and analyze and process the data to generate a wind resource assessment report, providing a basis for wind turbine operation scheduling. By analyzing the accuracy of the measurement data, the stability of the device operation, and the optimization effect of the wind turbine operation, the practical application value of the ultrasonic anemometer is evaluated, and necessary improvements and upgrades are made.

[0069] In summary, the optional embodiments of the present application use ultrasonic transducers to measure the time of sound propagation in different directions and calculate wind speed based on the time difference principle. Meanwhile, the built-in temperature sensor monitors the ambient temperature in real time and dynamically adjusts the sound speed value to compensate for temperature effects, ensuring measurement accuracy. The data processing and control module is used for signal processing, data storage, and preliminary analysis, and data is transmitted to the local area network through Ethernet or wireless communication modules, enabling remote monitoring and data analysis. In addition, the ultrasonic anemometer provided by the present application will reach the advanced level of similar instruments internationally in terms of both single-instrument technical performance indicators and local-area networking capabilities when multiple instruments are used simultaneously, enabling real-time, synchronous, high-density array observation of atmospheric turbulence and near-surface flux. The instrument also has a user-friendly quality assurance and quality software platform that automatically calculates turbulence flux and other turbulence statistics, such as friction velocity, Monin-Obukhov length, and turbulence integral scale.

[0070] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be realized by means of software necessary for a general hardware platform, and of course can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or in the form of a part of the prior art that makes a contribution. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as a ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk) and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the method of each embodiment of the present application.

[0071] In the present embodiment, a wind speed calculation device is also provided, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and will not be described again. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and is contemplated.

[0072] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a wind speed calculation device according to an embodiment of the present application, which comprises:

[0073] The acquisition module 52 is configured to acquire the propagation time data and the propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals when the ultrasonic wind speed meter transmits and receives the ultrasonic signals in a plurality of preset directions.

[0074] The first determination module 54 is configured to determine a target first duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the downwind direction and a target second duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determine a difference between the reciprocal of the target first duration and the reciprocal of the target second duration.

[0075] The calculation module 56 is configured to substitute the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula to obtain a first wind speed.

[0076] By the above device, in the case that the ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in multiple preset directions, the propagation time data and the propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals are collected; the target first time length of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the downwind direction and the target second time length of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the upwind direction are determined based on the propagation time data, and the difference between the reciprocal of the target first time length and the reciprocal of the target second time length is determined; the difference and the propagation distance data are substituted into a target formula for calculation to obtain a first wind speed. By adopting the above technical solution, the problem of how to realize the accuracy and reliability of wind speed measurement in a complex environment is solved. Further, by measuring the propagation time difference between the downwind and upwind directions and combining it with the propagation distance in the multi-direction ultrasonic signal transmission and reception, the first wind speed is calculated by using a specific formula, and the accurate measurement of the wind speed in a complex environment is realized.

[0077] In one exemplary embodiment, the above device further comprises a correction module for correcting the speed of the ultrasonic signals propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer by a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation speed before substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into the target formula for calculation to obtain the first wind speed; determining a first speed of the ultrasonic signals propagated by the ultrasonic anemometer propagating in the downwind direction and a second speed of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the upwind direction, wherein the first speed is the sum of the target propagation speed and the first wind speed, and the second speed is the difference between the target propagation speed and the first wind speed; determining a first relationship according to the first speed, the first time length and the first distance, and determining a second relationship according to the second speed, the second time length and the second distance, wherein the first distance and the second distance are equal preset test distances, and the first time length and the second time length are the propagation time lengths of the ultrasonic signals in the preset test distances; determining the target formula based on the first relationship and the second relationship.

[0078] In one exemplary embodiment, the above correction module is further configured to process the temperature data according to a first functional relationship between the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signals in the air and the temperature to obtain the target propagation speed, wherein the first functional relationship is c=A+BT, c is the corrected target propagation speed, A is a constant representing the standard propagation speed of the ultrasonic signals in the air, B is a temperature coefficient representing the rate of change of the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signals in the air with temperature, and T represents the current ambient temperature.

[0079] In an example embodiment, the device further comprises an arrangement module configured to: after the difference and the propagation distance data are substituted into the target formula to obtain the first wind speed, collect wind speeds at multiple time points in a target period to obtain multiple first wind speeds; calculate a difference between each of the multiple first wind speeds and the average wind speed to obtain multiple differences; arrange the multiple differences according to a time sequence to obtain a wind speed fluctuation sequence; and determine a turbulence intensity of the wind speed according to a ratio of a root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, wherein the turbulence intensity is used to indicate a degree of change of the wind speed.

[0080] In an example embodiment, the arrangement module further comprises a classification unit configured to: after the turbulence intensity of the wind speed is determined according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, classify the turbulence intensity of the wind speed based on a preset turbulence level table to obtain a classification result, wherein the preset turbulence level table records a correspondence between different turbulence intensities, different turbulence levels, and wind speed correction coefficients; and correct the first wind speed based on a wind speed correction coefficient determined based on the classification result to obtain a second wind speed.

[0081] In an example embodiment, the device further comprises a second determination module configured to: after the difference and the propagation distance data are substituted into the target formula to obtain the first wind speed, determine that the first wind speed does not have a measurement deviation in a case where the first wind speed is less than or equal to a preset wind speed; and determine that the first wind speed has a measurement deviation in a case where the first wind speed is greater than the preset wind speed.

[0082] Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the method embodiments described above when running.

[0083] Optionally, in the present embodiment, the storage medium can be configured to store a computer program for executing the following steps:

[0084] S1, in a case where an ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in multiple preset directions, collecting propagation time data and propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals;

[0085] S2, determining a target first time length in a downwind direction and a target second time length in an upwind direction of propagation of the ultrasonic signals based on the propagation time data, and determining a difference between a reciprocal of the target first time length and a reciprocal of the target second time length;

[0086] S3, substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula to obtain a first wind speed.

[0087] In an example embodiment, the computer readable storage medium described above can include, but is not limited to, a U disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store computer programs.

[0088] The specific examples in the embodiments can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and example implementations, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program performs the steps in any of the method embodiments described above when executed by a processor.

[0090] The embodiments of the present application also provide another computer program product, which includes a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and the non-volatile computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program performs the steps in any of the method embodiments described above when executed by a processor.

[0091] The embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the method embodiments described above.

[0092] Optionally, in the embodiments, the processor can be configured to perform the following steps by the computer program:

[0093] S1, in the case that the ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in a plurality of preset directions, collecting propagation time data and propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals;

[0094] S2, determining a target first duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the downwind direction and a target second duration of the ultrasonic signals propagating in the upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determining the difference between the reciprocal of the target first duration and the reciprocal of the target second duration;

[0095] S3, substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula to obtain a first wind speed.

[0096] In an example embodiment, the electronic device described above can further include a transmission device and an input and output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input and output device is connected to the processor.

[0097] The specific examples in the embodiments can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and example implementations, which will not be repeated here.

[0098] It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the application described above can be implemented using general computing devices, which can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and which can be implemented using program code executable by a computing device, stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than shown, or can be implemented as separate integrated circuit modules or as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0099] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wind speed calculation method, characterized in that: include: When the ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in a plurality of preset directions, collecting propagation time data and propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signals; determining a target first duration for propagation of the ultrasonic signal in a downwind direction and a target second duration for propagation in an upwind direction based on the propagation time data, and determining a difference between the reciprocal of the target first duration and the reciprocal of the target second duration; Substitute the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula for calculation to obtain a first wind speed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula for calculation to obtain the first wind speed, the method further includes: Performing velocity correction on the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic anemometer using a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation velocity; Determining a first speed of the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic anemometer in a downwind direction and a second speed of the ultrasonic signal transmitted in an upwind direction, wherein the first speed is the sum of the target propagation speed and the target wind speed, and the second speed is the difference between the target propagation speed and the target wind speed; Determining a first relationship equation based on the first speed, the first duration, and the first distance, and determining a second relationship equation based on the second speed, the second duration, and the second distance, wherein the first distance and the second distance are equal preset test distances, and the first duration and the second duration are propagation times of the ultrasonic signal within the preset test distance; The target formula is determined based on the first relational expression and the second relational expression.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic anemometer is corrected for speed by a preset temperature compensation algorithm to obtain a target propagation speed, including: The temperature data is processed according to a first functional relationship between the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic signal in air and the temperature to obtain the target propagation velocity, wherein the first functional relationship is: c=A+BT, where c is the corrected target propagation velocity, A is a constant used to represent the standard propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the air, B is the temperature coefficient used to represent the rate at which the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the air changes with temperature, and T represents the current ambient temperature.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula for calculation to obtain a first wind speed, the method further includes: Collect wind speeds at multiple time points within a target period to obtain multiple first wind speeds; Calculating the difference between each of the plurality of first wind speeds and the average wind speed to obtain a plurality of differences, and arranging the plurality of differences in a time series to obtain a wind speed fluctuation sequence; The turbulence intensity of the wind speed is determined according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, wherein the turbulence intensity is used to indicate the degree of change of the wind speed.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that After determining the turbulence intensity of the wind speed according to the ratio of the root mean square value of the wind speed fluctuation sequence to the average wind speed, the method further includes: classifying the turbulence intensity of the wind speed based on a preset turbulence level table to obtain a classification result, wherein the preset turbulence level table records the correspondence between different turbulence intensities, different turbulence levels, and wind speed correction coefficients; The first wind speed is corrected based on a wind speed correction coefficient determined based on the classification result to obtain a second wind speed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Substituting the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula for calculation to obtain a first wind speed, the method further includes: When the first wind speed is less than or equal to a preset wind speed, determining that there is no measurement deviation of the first wind speed; When the first wind speed is greater than a preset wind speed, it is determined that a measurement deviation exists in the first wind speed.

7. A wind speed calculation device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, configured to acquire propagation time data and propagation distance data of the ultrasonic signal when the ultrasonic anemometer transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in a plurality of preset directions; a first determining module, configured to determine, based on the propagation time data, a target first duration for the ultrasonic signal to propagate in a downwind direction and a target second duration for the ultrasonic signal to propagate in an upwind direction, and to determine a difference between a reciprocal of the target first duration and a reciprocal of the target second duration; A calculation module is used to substitute the difference and the propagation distance data into a target formula for calculation to obtain a first wind speed.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 through the computer program.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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