Method and device for evaluating full-link uncertainty of reference star-to-star interstellar radiation reference value transfer, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application provides a kind of benchmark star interstellar radiation reference value transmission full-link uncertainty evaluation method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product, belongs to space radiation measurement technical field, the method comprises: using class A evaluation method to calculate the transmission repeatability of target star instrument spectral radiance;Using class B evaluation method to calculate the spectral radiance uncertainty of time domain, space domain, spectral domain and angle domain influence;Based on transmission repeatability and the spectral radiance uncertainty of time domain, space domain, spectral domain and angle domain influence, determine the uncertainty caused by transmission process;Based on the uncertainty caused by transmission process, the uncertainty of reference value of benchmark star instrument spectral radiance and the uncertainty of measurement value of target star instrument spectral radiance, and the influence of other factors, determine the reference value transmission uncertainty of target star instrument.The application provides a kind of general interstellar radiation reference value transmission full-link uncertainty accurate evaluation scheme based on GUM.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of space radiation measurement technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program product for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link of inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer. Background Technology

[0002] Optical spectral remote sensing instruments on Earth observation satellites often experience drift and deviations relative to their pre-launch calibration due to launch and long-term operation in the space environment, severely limiting the reliability and accuracy of satellite-derived information. During the satellite's on-orbit lifespan, as the performance of instrument components degrades, an independent and reliable method is needed to monitor and correct these changes to ensure the accuracy of Earth observation data recording. The Space Radiometric Reference Satellite (Reference Satellite) relocates the radiometric standards and measurement transfer technology from national laboratories to space, enabling on-orbit calibration of Reference Satellite instruments to be traceable to SI (International System of Units) units. Utilizing simultaneous, same-location, and same-angle observations, inter-satellite radiometric transfer from the Reference Satellite to the target satellite ensures the consistency of radiometric standards observed by different remote sensing satellites, thus making the joint application of long-term series of remote sensing data from multiple satellites possible. Therefore, it is recommended by the Calibration and Verification Working Group of the International Committee on Earth Observations. Using the Reference Satellite for inter-satellite radiometric transfer enables radiometric comparison and correction with other on-orbit satellites based on a unified radiometric reference. Using the spectral radiance data of the reference satellite's instruments as a reference, matching data from the reference and target satellite instruments, consistent in time, space, and angle, and processed through spectral matching, can yield the spectral radiance error, correction amount, or calibration coefficient of the target satellite instrument. This allows for the evaluation of the target satellite instrument's observational bias characteristics or alternative calibration. Accurately predicting climate change over the next few decades requires significantly improving the accuracy and confidence level of Earth observation data, ensuring that satellite observation data is reasonable, repeatable, and traceable. It should also provide traceable, quantified uncertainty information to the International System of Units (SI). The European Research and Development Centre (ERC) project proposed the FIDUCEO (Fidelity and Uncertainty in Climate data records from Earth Observations) program, introducing metrological concepts into the field of space-based Earth climate observation. It employs a traceable uncertainty propagation chain and stability assessment verification to ensure the accuracy and reliability of meteorological observation data. How to assess the uncertainty of the propagation results obtained from the radiation reference is a common problem encountered by various remote sensing satellites, including meteorological, oceanographic, and terrestrial satellites, when using radiation reference values ​​for propagation.

[0003] Currently, uncertainty analysis in the field of remote sensing is mainly based on traditional error theory, which divides errors into systematic errors and random errors. However, this approach tends to overlook factors that are neither typical systematic errors nor typical random errors, such as fluctuations in measurement conditions caused by environmental changes, which can lead to inaccurate uncertainty assessment results.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to accurately assess the uncertainty of the entire link in the transmission of radiation values ​​from a reference star to multiple series of target stars. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program product for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link of inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer, in order to solve the defects of inaccurate evaluation by traditional uncertainty analysis methods in the prior art.

[0006] This invention provides a method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite was calculated using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Expression (GUM).

[0008] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain is calculated using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM.

[0009] Based on the transfer repeatability and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the time domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spatial domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spectral domain influence, and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the angular domain influence, the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is determined; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

[0010] Based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the spectral radiance of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the measured value of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors, the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument is determined; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the inter-satellite radiance value is transferred from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument.

[0011] According to the present invention, a method for evaluating the end-to-end uncertainty of inter-satellite radiative reference value transfer includes calculating the transfer repeatability of the target satellite's instrument spectral radiance using a Type A evaluation method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Representation (GUM).

[0012] Multiple sets of matching samples are obtained by filtering based on the maximum matching thresholds in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain, respectively; each set of matching samples includes the spectral radiance measurement value of an instrument on a target star and its corresponding spectral radiance reference value of an instrument on a reference star.

[0013] For each set of matching samples, the relative deviation between the spectral radiance measurement of the target star instrument and the spectral radiance reference value of the reference star instrument is calculated.

[0014] Based on the relative deviation of each of the matched samples, the average relative deviation of all matched samples is calculated using the arithmetic mean method.

[0015] The sample standard deviation is calculated based on the average relative deviation and the relative deviation of each matched sample.

[0016] Based on the sample standard deviation, the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target star is determined.

[0017] According to the present invention, a method for evaluating the end-to-end uncertainty of inter-satellite radiative reference value transfer is provided, wherein the calculation of the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM includes:

[0018] Determine the sensitivity coefficients for the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain;

[0019] Determine the standard uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain;

[0020] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the time-domain effect is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the time-domain effect by the standard uncertainty of the time-domain effect.

[0021] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the spatial domain influence is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the spatial domain influence by the standard uncertainty of the spatial domain influence.

[0022] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the spectral domain influence is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the spectral domain influence by the standard uncertainty of the spectral domain influence.

[0023] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the angular domain effect is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the angular domain effect by the standard uncertainty of the angular domain effect.

[0024] According to the present invention, a method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​includes determining the sensitivity coefficients for the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain, comprising:

[0025] The first method was used to determine the sensitivity coefficients of the spectral domain influence and the angular domain influence.

[0026] The second method was used to determine the sensitivity coefficients of the time-domain influence and the spatial-domain influence.

[0027] The first method is as follows:

[0028] With other influencing factors kept constant, the sensitivity coefficient of the target influencing factor is determined based on the ratio between the relative change in the output spectral radiance of the target star instrument and the input change.

[0029] The second method is as follows:

[0030] The sensitivity coefficient of the target influencing factors is determined based on the ratio between the relative change in the output spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument and the change in the input under different transmission application conditions.

[0031] According to the present invention, a method for evaluating the end-to-end uncertainty of inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer is provided, wherein determining the standard uncertainty of the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain includes:

[0032] The standard uncertainty of the time-domain effect is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor.

[0033] The standard uncertainty of the spatial influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor.

[0034] The standard uncertainty of the spectral domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor.

[0035] The standard uncertainty of the angular domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor.

[0036] According to the present invention, the method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link of inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer is provided. The other influencing factors are the uncertainty components of spectral radiance caused by other factors. The other factors include at least one of the following: imperfections of the spectral domain correction method, imperfections of the angular domain correction method, imperfections of the measurement model, system nonlinearity factors, and system response drift factors.

[0037] The present invention also provides a device for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link of inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer, comprising the following modules:

[0038] The Type A assessment module is used to: calculate the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of a target satellite using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Representation (GUM);

[0039] The Type B assessment module is used to: calculate the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain using the Type B assessment method in the GUM;

[0040] The transfer calculation module is used to: determine the uncertainty caused by the transfer process based on the transfer repeatability and the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the time domain influence, the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the spatial domain influence, the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the spectral domain influence, and the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the angular domain influence; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument;

[0041] The uncertainty calculation module is used to: determine the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance measurement value of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the reference satellite instrument transfers the reference value to the target satellite instrument.

[0042] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​as described above.

[0043] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​as described above.

[0044] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transmission of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​as described above.

[0045] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program product for assessing the end-to-end uncertainty of inter-satellite radiative reference value transfer. It calculates the transfer repeatability of the target satellite's instrument spectral radiance using Type A assessment methods in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty (GUM); calculates the spectral radiance uncertainty due to time-domain, spatial-domain, spectral-domain, and angular-domain effects using Type B assessment methods in the same GUM; and, based on the transfer repeatability and the spectral radiance uncertainty due to the time-domain effect, the spatial-domain effect, the spectral-domain effect, and the angular-domain effect... The uncertainty caused by the transfer process is determined; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of the spectral radiance transmitted from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument; based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the spectral radiance of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the measured value of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument, and the influence of other factors, the reference transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument is determined; the reference transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the inter-satellite radiative reference value is transferred from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument. This invention, based on the GUM measurement uncertainty assessment method, constructs a full-link uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of radiation reference values ​​between reference stars. It conforms to internationally accepted uncertainty assessment procedures, clearly defining radiation uncertainty as including the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference star instrument, the uncertainty caused by the influence of spatiotemporal spectral angle during the transfer process, the uncertainty of the measurement results of the target star instrument, and the influence of other factors. This comprehensively covers all sources of uncertainty, thus accurately assessing radiation uncertainty. The invention employs a Type A uncertainty assessment method to calculate transfer repeatability, effectively capturing uncertainties caused by instrument noise, minor atmospheric changes, etc., and is suitable for long-term monitoring scenarios such as the calibration of the target star and the reference star. Since time-domain, spatial-domain, spectral-domain, and angular-domain factors are often difficult to obtain statistical information through repeated measurements, a Type B uncertainty assessment method is used to evaluate the impact of time-domain, spatial-domain, spectral-domain, and angular-domain mismatches respectively. This method can flexibly address non-repeatable factors, integrate multi-source information, and achieve a universal uncertainty assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end-to-end uncertainty assessment device for the transmission of reference inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0051] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, without limiting the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" relationship.

[0053] The following is combined Figures 1-3 This invention describes the method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program products for assessing the uncertainty of the entire link of inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer provided by embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​provided by this invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following:

[0055] S110, calculate the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite using the Type A assessment method in the Guidelines for the Representation of Measurement Uncertainty (GUM);

[0056] S120, calculate the spectral radiance uncertainty of the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain and angular domain using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM;

[0057] S130, based on the transfer repeatability and the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the time domain influence, the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the spatial domain influence, the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the spectral domain influence, and the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the angular domain influence, determine the uncertainty caused by the transfer process; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

[0058] S140, the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target star instrument is determined based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the spectral radiance of the reference star instrument, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance measurement value of the target star instrument, and other influencing factors; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target star instrument when the inter-satellite radiance value is transferred from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

[0059] It should be noted that the execution subject of the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the inter-satellite radiation reference value transfer provided in this application embodiment can be a server or computer device, such as a desktop computer, tablet computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA), etc.

[0060] The sources of uncertainty in the entire transmission chain of reference values ​​from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument mainly include: the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty caused by the influence of time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain during the transmission process, the uncertainty of the measurement value of the target satellite instrument, and the uncertainty caused by imperfections in the spectral angle correction method, imperfections in the model, system nonlinearity, and system response drift. The influences of the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain during the transmission process are as follows:

[0061] (1) Temporal domain influence: Due to the difference in observation time between the target satellite instrument and the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of TOA spectral radiance (spectral reflectance) caused by the change of the observed target (including the atmosphere) during the period.

[0062] (2) Spatial domain influence: The uncertainty of TOA spectral radiance (spectral reflectance) is caused by the difference in spatial coverage between the target satellite instrument and the reference satellite instrument and the spatial uniformity of the observed target.

[0063] (3) Spectral domain influence: The uncertainty of TOA spectral radiance (spectral reflectance) is caused by the difference in spectral response function between the target star instrument and the reference star instrument, wavelength error, and spectral characteristics of the observed target.

[0064] (4) Geometry domain influence: The uncertainty of TOA spectral radiance (spectral reflectance) caused by the difference in observation geometry between the target star instrument and the reference star instrument and the radiation direction characteristics of the observed target.

[0065] In the actual process of transferring radiation references, the uncertainties caused by these factors can be reduced through target selection, spatiotemporal constraints, angle constraint correction, and spectral constraint correction. For example, selecting targets with stable time characteristics can reduce the uncertainty of time-domain influence; selecting large-area uniform targets and combining them with geometric correction can reduce the uncertainty of spatial-domain influence; performing spectral matching correction on the observed radiation based on the spectral response function can reduce the uncertainty of spectral-domain influence; and selecting targets with good Lambertian properties, observing at the same angle, or performing angle matching correction based on a direction model can reduce the uncertainty of angular-domain influence.

[0066] The radiative transfer characteristics of meteorological, oceanographic, and Gaofen land satellite series satellites are as follows:

[0067] Meteorological satellite observation characteristics: low spatial resolution, large swath width, global observation (one-day revisit), wide spectral coverage and narrow bandwidth (with channel-type and hyperspectral instruments), large observation dynamics, and wide satellite observation angular coverage;

[0068] The Gaofen-Land series satellite observation characteristics include: high spatial resolution, narrow swath width, long revisit period, narrow spectral coverage and wide bandwidth, moderate observation dynamics, and narrow satellite observation angular coverage.

[0069] The characteristics of ocean satellite observations include: low spatial resolution, large swath width, global observation, wide spectral coverage and narrow bandwidth (with channel-type and hyperspectral instruments), small observation dynamics, and wide satellite observation angle coverage.

[0070] Based on the inter-satellite transfer method for radiation reference and the general method for uncertainty assessment, and taking into account the radiation transfer characteristics of the three domains, the relative error of the spectral radiance of the instrument at the top of the atmosphere is established. Measurement model:

[0071] ,(1);

[0072] in, It is the relative error (in %) of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the inter-satellite values ​​are transferred from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument. It is the spectral radiance measurement value of the target star instrument (unit: ); It is the spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument (unit: ); These are influence quantities that contribute to the uncertainty of the final result but are not reflected in the formula. Examples include: imperfections in the spectral angle correction method, nonlinearity of the instrument system and drift in the system's response during value transfer, changes in environmental factors, imperfections in the model used during the transfer process, and some restrictive assumptions when analyzing the effects in the spatial and temporal domains.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the reference transfer uncertainty of the target star instrument also includes an uncertainty component of spectral radiance caused by other factors, which include at least one of the following: imperfections in the spectral domain correction method, imperfections in the angular domain correction method, imperfections in the measurement model, system nonlinearity, and system responsivity drift.

[0074] Here, the relative error of spectral radiance is determined. uncertainty This mainly includes: the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty caused by the influence of spatiotemporal spectral angles during the transfer process (such as imperfect matching), the uncertainty of the measurement value of the target satellite instrument, and the uncertainty components caused by factors such as imperfections in the spectral angle correction method. That is, the reference transfer uncertainty is shown in the following formula:

[0075] (2);

[0076] in, It is the uncertainty of the TOA spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument (in %). It is the transmission uncertainty, which is the uncertainty (in %) of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument caused during the transmission of inter-satellite values ​​from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument. It is the uncertainty of the instrument's spectral radiance measurement of the target star (in %). The uncertainty component of spectral radiance (in %) is caused by other factors, such as imperfections in the spectral angle correction method, imperfections in the model, system nonlinearity, and system responsivity drift.

[0077] Here, the uncertainty of the measurement value of the reference satellite instrument. Uncertainty of instrument measurements on the target satellite The uncertainty is determined by the performance of the two ends of the transmission chain—the reference instrument and the target instrument. Sources of uncertainty mainly include: uncertainty in instrument traceability, wavelength accuracy, nonlinearity, stray radiation, stability, SSE effect, and polarization influence.

[0078] Spectral radiance uncertainty caused by inter-satellite radiative reference transfer process This mainly includes the divergence of multiple transmission results under spatiotemporal spectral angle matching conditions. Uncertainties arising from incomplete matching in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain. , , , :

[0079] (3);

[0080] in, It is the uncertainty (in %) of the estimated spectral radiance of the target instrument during the inter-satellite value transfer process from the reference satellite instrument to the target instrument. It is the measurement repeatability (experimental standard deviation) (in %) of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument obtained by multiple value transfers from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument within the set time, space, spectrum and angle threshold range. , , , These are the uncertainties (in %) of the TOA spectral radiance estimates of the target satellite instrument caused by differences in the time domain (difference in observation time, changes in the observed target (including the atmosphere) during the period), spatial domain (spatial coverage of the observed target), spectral domain (difference in spectral response function, wavelength error, spectral characteristics of the observed target), and angular domain (difference in observation geometry, radiation direction characteristics of the observed target) between the target satellite instrument and the reference satellite instrument.

[0081] Understandably, adding the uncertainty component of spectral radiance caused by other factors further refines the sources of uncertainty, comprehensively characterizes the uncertainty, and further improves the accuracy of uncertainty assessment.

[0082] In S110, GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) is a method for assessing and expressing the uncertainty of measurement results. Type A assessment refers to the divergence of results obtained through repeated transmission; in this case, it refers to the consistency and stability of TOA (Top of Atmosphere) spectral radiance measurements obtained by the target satellite instrument via a reference satellite instrument. Type A assessment methods evaluate uncertainty through statistical analysis of the observation series.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, the calculation of the transfer repeatability of the target star's instrument spectral radiance using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Representation (GUM) includes:

[0084] Multiple sets of matching samples are obtained by filtering based on the maximum matching thresholds in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain, respectively; each set of matching samples includes the spectral radiance measurement value of an instrument on a target star and its corresponding spectral radiance reference value of an instrument on a reference star.

[0085] For each set of matching samples, the relative deviation between the spectral radiance measurement of the target star instrument and the spectral radiance reference value of the reference star instrument is calculated.

[0086] Based on the relative deviation of each of the matched samples, the average relative deviation of all matched samples is calculated using the arithmetic mean method.

[0087] The sample standard deviation is calculated based on the average relative deviation and the relative deviation of each matched sample.

[0088] Based on the sample standard deviation, the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target star is determined.

[0089] Taking the transfer of interstellar spectral radiance values ​​as an example (uncertainty of spectral reflectance transfer repeatability) (The evaluation method is similar). When transferring inter-satellite cross-calibration values ​​from the reference instrument to the target instrument, the maximum matching thresholds in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain are set as follows: , , , Within a set threshold range, a series of spectral radiance measurements of target instruments were obtained through screening. and the corresponding reference values ​​of the reference instruments. The reference value of the benchmark instrument here is the estimated value of the target instrument after correction for the influence of conditional differences.

[0090] Calculate the relative deviation between the spectral radiance of the target instrument and the reference value of the reference satellite instrument under each matching condition. :

[0091] (4);

[0092] in, It is the relative deviation (in %) between the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument and the reference value of the reference satellite instrument. It is the spectral radiance measurement value of the target star instrument. i =1, 2,……, n (unit is) ); It is the spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument. i =1, 2,……, n (unit is) ).

[0093] The arithmetic mean method was used to calculate the average relative deviation of all matched samples. As a result of this inter-satellite radiation reference transfer:

[0094] , (5).

[0095] When the threshold is set small enough, the sample size is large enough, and significant systematic effects (spectral angle, system drift during transmission, nonlinearity, environmental factors, etc.) have been corrected, the differences introduced by the matching errors in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain are mainly random. That is, the changes in the measurement results are mainly caused by random effects. The standard deviation can be calculated using the Bessel formula as the Type A uncertainty.

[0096] Calculate the divergence of the sample, i.e., the relative standard deviation, and the average deviation of the spectral radiance transfer. Type A standard uncertainty for:

[0097] (6);

[0098] in, The repeatability of the target star's TOA spectral radiance (in %) is the transfer of the instrument's spectral radiance. It is the TOA spectral radiance measurement value of the target star instrument. i =1, 2,……, n (unit is) ); It is the TOA spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument. i =1,2,……, n (unit is) ); n It refers to the number of measurements; It is the relative error of spectral radiance for each matched sample (in %). It is the average relative error of the spectral radiance of all matched samples (in %).

[0099] Understandably, the transfer repeatability of the target star's TOA spectral radiance calculated based on the standard deviation is entirely based on actual measurement data, without relying on subjective judgment or empirical assumptions. It is highly objective and can effectively capture random errors caused by factors such as instrument noise, minor environmental fluctuations, and unstable readings. The standard deviation after multiple measurements can directly reflect the system's repeatability performance.

[0100] In S120, it is difficult to obtain statistical information on time-domain, spatial-domain, spectral-domain, and angular-domain factors through repeated measurements. Therefore, a Type B assessment method is used to calculate the uncertainty. Type B assessment includes uncertainty components caused by differences in temporal, spatial, spectral, and angular matching during the transfer process, as well as imperfections in the model used, nonlinearity of the measurement system, and drift. The Type B assessment method estimates the range of input variation based on known technical specifications, historical data, instrument manuals, and model predictions, and assumes a probability distribution (such as a uniform distribution), then combines this with sensitivity coefficients for synthesis.

[0101] In an optional embodiment, calculating the spectral radiance uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM includes:

[0102] Determine the sensitivity coefficients for the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain;

[0103] Determine the standard uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain;

[0104] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the time-domain effect is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the time-domain effect by the standard uncertainty of the time-domain effect.

[0105] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the spatial domain influence is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the spatial domain influence by the standard uncertainty of the spatial domain influence.

[0106] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the spectral domain influence is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the spectral domain influence by the standard uncertainty of the spectral domain influence.

[0107] The spectral radiance uncertainty of the angular domain effect is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the angular domain effect by the standard uncertainty of the angular domain effect.

[0108] Furthermore, the sensitivity coefficients for determining the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain include:

[0109] The first method was used to determine the sensitivity coefficients of the spectral domain influence and the angular domain influence.

[0110] The second method was used to determine the sensitivity coefficients of the time-domain influence and the spatial-domain influence.

[0111] The first method is as follows:

[0112] With other influencing factors kept constant, the sensitivity coefficient of the target influencing factor is determined based on the ratio between the relative change in the output spectral radiance of the target star instrument and the input change.

[0113] The second method is as follows:

[0114] The sensitivity coefficient of the target influencing factors is determined based on the ratio between the relative change in the output spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument and the change in the input under different transmission application conditions.

[0115] Here, the sensitivity coefficient describes how the uncertainty component corresponding to the input quantity changes with the standard uncertainty of the input quantity. There are three methods for determining the sensitivity coefficient: mathematical method (differential measurement equation), numerical method (modeling through an instrument model in software, or changing the input parameters of the measurement equation), and experimental method (changing the effect in the laboratory to see how much the measured value changes). When the measurement model can be accurately expressed by a mathematical function, the sensitivity coefficient can usually be obtained by taking the partial derivative of the measurement model with respect to the input quantity. When the measurement model is complex and it is not convenient to obtain the sensitivity coefficient through partial derivatives, the sensitivity coefficient can also be obtained by numerical calculation from the measurement model. Numerically, it is equal to the change in the measurand when the input quantity changes by one unit. When a reliable mathematical expression for the sensitivity coefficient cannot be obtained, the sensitivity coefficient can also be obtained by experimental measurement. When measuring the sensitivity coefficient experimentally, the input quantity under consideration should be changed by a small amount while keeping all other input quantities constant, and the change in the measurand should be measured simultaneously; the ratio of the latter to the former is the sensitivity coefficient. The magnitude of the change in input should be appropriately selected based on the specific circumstances. In principle, the smaller the change, the better, as this can avoid the influence of possible nonlinearity. However, if the change is too small, the uncertainty of the measured sensitivity coefficient will increase.

[0116] When obtaining the sensitivity coefficient using numerical calculation methods or experimental measurements, the following method can be used: If the input quantity x i The estimated value is x i0 Its uncertainty is u ( x i0 ), then respectively in x i1 = x i0 - u ( x i0 )and x i2 = x i0 + u ( x i0 Under the conditions of ), the results were obtained through calculation or experimental measurement, respectively. y 1 and y 2, its sensitivity coefficient c i for:

[0117] , (7).

[0118] In the field of remote sensing, measurement models are typically very complex and cannot be simply represented by mathematical functions. Commonly used measurement models are divided into two types: software models and data models.

[0119] For uncertainty assessment of the TOA spectral radiance of a target satellite instrument, when using software models (such as the atmospheric radiative transfer models MODTRAN and SCIATRAN, generally used for scenario simulation to model the effects in the spectral and angular domains), if the influencing factor is singular, a perturbation variable can be directly added to that factor. The change in the output TOA spectral radiance relative to the original value (in %) is analyzed, and the ratio of this relative change to the input perturbation is calculated as the sensitivity coefficient. If multiple influencing factors exist simultaneously (time, space, spectrum, angle, etc.), the other influencing factors need to be kept constant first. Then, the ratio of the relative change (in %) of the output target instrument TOA spectral radiance to the input change is analyzed one by one when the factor under investigation is perturbed; this ratio is the sensitivity coefficient. c temporal 、c spatial , c spectral , c GEO .

[0120] When using a data model (generally employing high-resolution satellite data for scenario simulation to model the effects in the spatial and temporal domains), different transfer application conditions (including disturbances of factors to be investigated) are set for the observed target, and the change in TOA spectral radiance relative to the original value is analyzed. Taking the spatial domain as an example, transfer application conditions (such as target spatial scale, distance constraints, target uniformity constraints, etc.) and possible instrument positioning errors are set, and the data is spatially shifted. The change in TOA spectral radiance relative to the original value (in percentage) caused by the input data shift (positioning error) under different target spatial scales, distance constraints, and target uniformity constraints is analyzed. Then, the ratio of this relative change to the input data shift is calculated as the sensitivity coefficient for uncertainty assessment.

[0121] Understandably, when using a software model, other influencing factors are kept constant, and the impact of the changes in the factors under investigation on the TOA spectral radiance of the output target star instrument is analyzed one by one to accurately determine the sensitivity coefficient of each influencing factor. When using a data model, different transmission application conditions are set, and calculations are performed for different constraints to obtain reliable, accurate, and consistent results, thereby accurately determining the sensitivity coefficient.

[0122] Taking the transfer of inter-satellite spectral radiance values ​​as an example, the uncertainty of the relative error of the target instrument's TOA spectral radiance caused by time-domain differences (difference in observation time, changes in the observed target (including the atmosphere) during the period), spatial-domain differences (spatial coverage of the observed target), spectral-domain differences (difference in spectral response function, wavelength error, spectral characteristics of the observed target), and angular-domain differences (difference in observation geometry, radiation direction characteristics of the observed target) in formula (3) is calculated. , , , An evaluation will be conducted.

[0123] First, determine the sensitivity coefficients for the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain. c temporal 、c spatial , c spectral , c GEO Then calculate the uncertainties of the input quantities in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain. , , , .

[0124] In an optional embodiment, determining the standard uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain includes:

[0125] The standard uncertainty of the time-domain effect is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty (maximum change threshold) of the time-domain effect to the coverage factor.

[0126] The standard uncertainty of the spatial domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty (maximum change threshold) of the spatial domain influence to the coverage factor.

[0127] The standard uncertainty of the spectral domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty (maximum change threshold) of the spectral domain influence to the coverage factor.

[0128] The standard uncertainty of the angular domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty (maximum change threshold) of the angular domain influence to the inclusion factor.

[0129] During the inter-satellite transfer of reference values, the maximum change thresholds in time, space, spectrum, and observation geometry between the constrained reference satellite instruments and the target satellite instruments are set as follows: , , , The maximum change threshold can be viewed as the half-width of the containment interval corresponding to a 100% containment probability, i.e., the expanded uncertainty of the input quantities in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain.

[0130] If the distribution of the samples is known, the coverage factor can be calculated based on the probability density function corresponding to that distribution. k Expanded uncertainty divided by k That is, the standard uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain: , , , :

[0131] (8);

[0132] (9);

[0133] (10);

[0134] , (11).

[0135] If the distribution of the sample is unknown, a conservative estimate can be used, assuming that the sample follows a uniform (rectangular) distribution within the matching interval. k = .

[0136] The standard uncertainties of time, space, spectrum, and angle matching are calculated according to formulas (8)-(11). , , , Based on the sensitivity coefficients of the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain c temporal 、c spatial , c spectral , c GEO The Type B uncertainty caused by imperfect matching of time, space, spectrum, and angle was obtained. , , , :

[0137] (12);

[0138] (13);

[0139] ,(14)

[0140] , (15).

[0141] Substituting the above formulas (12)-(15) into formula (3), we obtain the uncertainty of the relative error of the target instrument's TOA spectral radiance during inter-satellite quantity transfer. :

[0142] ,(16)

[0143] in, c temporal , c spatial , c spectral , c GEO These are the sensitivity coefficients for changes in the spectral radiance of the target star caused by the effects of the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain, respectively. , , , These are the uncertainties in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain, expressed in s, km, nm, or cm. -1 1.

[0144] Understandably, combining the sensitivity coefficient and standard uncertainty for Type B assessment can provide a reasonable estimate of non-repeatable factors; the standard uncertainty of each input quantity multiplied by its sensitivity coefficient can be used to synthesize the total uncertainty, forming a complete uncertainty propagation chain.

[0145] Substituting formula (16) into formula (2), we obtain the relative error of the full-link spectral radiance of the inter-satellite radiation reference transfer. uncertainty for:

[0146] , (17).

[0147] Generally, when performing inter-satellite radiometric reference transfer, the expanded uncertainty of the relative error of the target instrument's TOA spectral radiance is... It can be represented as:

[0148] , (18).

[0149] When transferring the reference radiation values ​​between reference stars, the measurement uncertainty components of the relative error of the target star's TOA spectral radiance are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0150] Table 1 Summary of Uncertainty Components

[0151]

[0152] The method for assessing the end-to-end uncertainty of inter-satellite radiative reference value transfer provided in this invention uses Type A assessment methods in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Representation (GUM) to calculate the transfer repeatability of the target satellite's instrument spectral radiance; uses Type B assessment methods in the GUM to calculate the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by time, space, spectral, and angular domain influences; and, based on the transfer repeatability and the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by time, space, spectral, and angular domain influences, determines the transfer process. The uncertainty caused by the transmission process; the uncertainty caused by the transmission process is the uncertainty of the spectral radiance transmitted from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument; based on the uncertainty caused by the transmission process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the spectral radiance of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the measured value of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument, and the influence of other factors, the reference value transmission uncertainty of the target satellite instrument is determined; the reference value transmission uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument obtained when the inter-satellite value is transmitted from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument. This invention, based on the GUM measurement uncertainty assessment method, constructs a full-link uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of radiation reference values ​​between reference satellites. It conforms to internationally accepted uncertainty assessment procedures, clearly defining radiation uncertainty as including the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty caused by the influence of spatiotemporal spectral angle during the transfer process, and the uncertainty of the measurement results of the target satellite instrument. This comprehensively covers all sources of uncertainty, thus accurately assessing radiation uncertainty. The invention employs a Type A uncertainty assessment method to calculate transfer repeatability, effectively capturing uncertainties caused by instrument noise, minor atmospheric changes, etc., and is suitable for long-term monitoring scenarios such as the calibration of target and reference satellites. Since time-domain, spatial-domain, spectral-domain, and angular-domain factors are often difficult to obtain statistical information through repeated measurements, a Type B uncertainty assessment method is used to evaluate the impact of time-domain, spatial-domain, spectral-domain, and angular-domain mismatches respectively. This allows for flexible handling of non-repeatable factors, integrates multi-source information, and achieves a universal uncertainty assessment. This invention constructs a universal model for the full-link uncertainty assessment of radiation reference transfer between reference satellites, providing a general method for assessing the inter-satellite transfer uncertainty of radiation references for meteorological, oceanographic, and high-resolution land remote sensing satellites.

[0153] The following describes the end-to-end uncertainty assessment device for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​provided in the embodiments of this application. The end-to-end uncertainty assessment device for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​described below can be referred to in correspondence with the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​described above.

[0154] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the end-to-end uncertainty assessment device for the transfer of reference inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the device for assessing the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of reference inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​may include, but is not limited to:

[0155] Type A assessment module 210 is used to: calculate the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Representation (GUM);

[0156] The Type B assessment module 220 is used to: calculate the spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the effects of the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain using the Type B assessment method in the GUM;

[0157] The transfer calculation module 230 is used to: determine the uncertainty caused by the transfer process based on the transfer repeatability and the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the time domain influence, the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the spatial domain influence, the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the spectral domain influence, and the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the angular domain influence; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument;

[0158] Uncertainty calculation module 240 is used to: determine the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance measurement value of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the reference satellite instrument transfers the reference value to the target satellite instrument.

[0159] It should be noted that the end-to-end uncertainty assessment device for the transmission of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transmission of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​described in any of the above embodiments during actual operation, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0160] Figure 3 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 3As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 310, a communications interface 320, a memory 330, and a communication bus 340. The processor 310, communications interface 320, and memory 330 communicate with each other via the communication bus 340. The processor 310 can call logical instructions from the memory 330 to execute a method for assessing the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values. This method includes:

[0161] The transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite was calculated using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Expression (GUM).

[0162] The spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain is calculated using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM.

[0163] Based on the transfer repeatability and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the time domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spatial domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spectral domain influence, and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the angular domain influence, the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is determined; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

[0164] Based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the measured value of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors, the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument is determined; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the reference value is transferred from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument.

[0165] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 330 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0166] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​provided by the above methods. The method includes:

[0167] The transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite was calculated using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Expression (GUM).

[0168] The spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain is calculated using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM.

[0169] Based on the transfer repeatability and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the time domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spatial domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spectral domain influence, and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the angular domain influence, the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is determined; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

[0170] Based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the measured value of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors, the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument is determined; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the reference value is transferred from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument.

[0171] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the end-to-end uncertainty assessment method for the transfer of reference inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​provided by the methods described above, the method comprising:

[0172] The transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite was calculated using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Expression (GUM).

[0173] The spectral radiance uncertainty caused by the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain is calculated using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM.

[0174] Based on the transfer repeatability and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the time domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spatial domain influence, the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the spectral domain influence, and the uncertainties of spectral radiance caused by the angular domain influence, the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is determined; the uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

[0175] Based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the measured value of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors, the reference value transfer uncertainty of the target satellite instrument is determined; the reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument when the reference value is transferred from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument.

[0176] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0177] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0178] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values, characterized in that, include: The transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite was calculated using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Expression (GUM). The spectral radiance uncertainty of the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain is calculated using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM. Based on the transmission repeatability and the spectral radiance uncertainty of the time domain effect, the spectral radiance uncertainty of the spatial domain effect, the spectral radiance uncertainty of the spectral domain effect, and the spectral radiance uncertainty of the angular domain effect, the uncertainty caused by the transmission process is determined. The uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument; Based on the uncertainty caused by the transfer process, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance reference value of the reference satellite instrument, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance measurement value of the target satellite instrument, and other influencing factors, the transfer uncertainty of the reference value of the target satellite instrument is determined. The reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error in obtaining the spectral radiance of the target star instrument when the inter-satellite radiance value is transferred from the reference star instrument to the target star instrument.

2. The method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target satellite using the Type A assessment method in the Guidelines for the Representation of Measurement Uncertainty (GUM) includes: Multiple sets of matching samples are obtained by filtering based on the maximum matching thresholds in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain, respectively; each set of matching samples includes the spectral radiance measurement value of an instrument on a target star and its corresponding spectral radiance reference value of an instrument on a reference star. For each set of matching samples, the relative deviation between the spectral radiance measurement of the target star instrument and the spectral radiance reference value of the reference star instrument is calculated. Based on the relative deviation of each of the matched samples, the average relative deviation of all matched samples is calculated using the arithmetic mean method. The sample standard deviation is calculated based on the average relative deviation and the relative deviation of each matched sample. Based on the sample standard deviation, the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of the target star is determined.

3. The method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of spectral radiance uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain using the Type B evaluation method in the GUM includes: Determine the sensitivity coefficients for the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain; Determine the standard uncertainty in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain; The spectral radiance uncertainty of the time-domain effect is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the time-domain effect by the standard uncertainty of the time-domain effect. The spectral radiance uncertainty of the spatial domain influence is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the spatial domain influence by the standard uncertainty of the spatial domain influence. The spectral radiance uncertainty of the spectral domain influence is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the spectral domain influence by the standard uncertainty of the spectral domain influence. The spectral radiance uncertainty of the angular domain effect is determined by multiplying the sensitivity coefficient of the angular domain effect by the standard uncertainty of the angular domain effect.

4. The method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sensitivity coefficients for determining the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain include: The first method was used to determine the sensitivity coefficients of the spectral domain influence and the angular domain influence. The second method was used to determine the sensitivity coefficients of the time-domain influence and the spatial-domain influence. The first method is as follows: With other influencing factors kept constant, the sensitivity coefficient of the target influencing factor is determined based on the ratio between the relative change in the output spectral radiance of the target star instrument and the input change. The second method is as follows: The sensitivity coefficient of the target influencing factors is determined based on the ratio between the relative change in the output spectral radiance of the target satellite instrument and the change in the input under different transmission application conditions.

5. The method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values ​​according to claim 3, characterized in that, The standard uncertainty of determining the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain includes: The standard uncertainty of the time-domain effect is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor. The standard uncertainty of the spatial influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor. The standard uncertainty of the spectral domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor. The standard uncertainty of the angular domain influence is determined based on the ratio of the expanded uncertainty to the coverage factor.

6. The method for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The other influencing factors are the uncertainty components of spectral radiance caused by other factors, including at least one of the following: imperfections in the spectral domain correction method, imperfections in the angular domain correction method, imperfections in the measurement model, system nonlinearity, and system responsivity drift.

7. A device for evaluating the uncertainty of the entire link in the transfer of inter-satellite radiation reference values, characterized in that, include: The Type A assessment module is used to: calculate the transfer repeatability of the instrument spectral radiance of a target satellite using the Type A assessment method in the Guide to Measurement Uncertainty Representation (GUM); The Type B assessment module is used to: calculate the spectral radiance uncertainty of the effects in the time domain, spatial domain, spectral domain, and angular domain using the Type B assessment method in the GUM; The transfer calculation module is used to: determine the uncertainty caused by the transfer process based on the transfer repeatability and the spectral radiance uncertainty of the time domain influence, the spectral radiance uncertainty of the spatial domain influence, the spectral radiance uncertainty of the spectral domain influence, and the spectral radiance uncertainty of the angular domain influence. The uncertainty caused by the transfer process is the uncertainty of spectral radiance caused by the transfer from the reference satellite instrument to the target satellite instrument; The uncertainty calculation module is used to: determine the transmission uncertainty of the reference value of the target star instrument based on the uncertainty caused by the transmission process, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance reference value of the reference star instrument, the uncertainty of the spectral radiance measurement value of the target star instrument, and other influencing factors. The reference value transfer uncertainty is the uncertainty of the relative error of the spectral radiance of the target star instrument when the reference value is transferred between the reference star instrument and the target star instrument.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for assessing the uncertainty of the entire link for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for assessing the uncertainty of the entire link for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for assessing the uncertainty of the entire link for the transfer of reference satellite radiation reference values ​​as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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