Voltage stabilizer pressure control method and device, electronic equipment and computer program product

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure stabilizer pressure control method and device, electronic equipment and a computer program product. Relates to the technical field of nuclear power. In view of the problem that large disturbance exists during manual pressure setting and mode switching in the traditional pressure control process of a nuclear power unit, the pressure stabilizer pressure control method comprises the steps that in the operation process of the nuclear power unit, the current pressure measured value and the pressure set value of a pressure stabilizer are obtained; when the pressure deviation between the pressure measured value and the pressure set value is larger than or equal to a first pressure threshold value, the pressure stabilizer is switched to an open-loop state, and an executing mechanism for adjusting the pressure is controlled; in the open-loop control process, when the pressure deviation is reduced to a second pressure threshold value, calculating a controller tracking value based on the second pressure threshold value and a state parameter of the controller before switching to the open-loop state; and switching from an open-loop state to a closed-loop state, and controlling an execution mechanism in the closed-loop state based on a controller tracking value. According to the embodiment of the invention, the stability of pressure control in the unit operation process can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a pressurizer pressure control method and device, electronic equipment and computer program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The pressure control system of the pressurizer is one of the most important control systems of a nuclear power plant, and its function is to maintain the pressure of the pressurizer at a specified value, so that the unit will not cause an emergency shutdown under normal transient conditions, and the pressurizer safety valve will not act.

[0003] At present, the pressurizer is put into the control process after the establishment of the air cavity, and the operator needs to manually set the pressure value throughout the process. In addition, during the operation of the unit in each stage, the pressurizer pressure fluctuates when the operator switches the manual control of the pressurizer pressure to the automatic process, resulting in a large disturbance in the operation of the unit. SUMMARY

[0004] According to various embodiments of the present application, a pressurizer pressure control method, device, electronic equipment and computer program product are provided, which can improve the stability and reliability of pressure control during the operation of the unit.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a pressurizer pressure control method, which comprises: obtaining a current pressure measured value and a pressure set value of the pressurizer during the operation of the nuclear power unit; in the case that the pressure deviation between the pressure measured value and the pressure set value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold value, the pressurizer is switched to an open loop state to control the actuator for adjusting the pressure; in the open loop control process, when the pressure deviation decreases to a preset second pressure threshold value, the controller tracking value is calculated based on the second pressure threshold value and the state parameter of the controller before switching to the open loop state; the open loop state is switched to a closed loop state, and the actuator is controlled in the closed loop state based on the controller tracking value; wherein the first pressure threshold value is greater than the second pressure threshold value.

[0006] In the foregoing manner, the voltage stabilizer acquires the current pressure measured value and pressure set value in real time, and when the pressure deviation reaches the first pressure threshold value, the voltage stabilizer switches to the open-loop state, controls the actuator to adjust the pressure, until the pressure deviation is reduced to the second pressure threshold value, and the open-loop control is switched to the closed-loop control, and when switching to the closed-loop control, the controller tracking value is calculated based on the state variable of the controller before switching to the open-loop state and the second pressure threshold value, and the closed-loop control process is switched based on the controller tracking value, so that the pressure of the voltage stabilizer can be more accurately controlled based on real-time data and dynamically adjusted control strategy, and over-regulation or under-regulation is avoided, and the pressure control precision is improved; the control mode is switched based on the controller tracking value, the disturbance during mode switching is reduced, the switching is worry-free, the pressure of the voltage stabilizer is adjusted more smoothly, the pressure fluctuation is reduced, the pressure control stability and reliability during the operation of the entire nuclear power unit are enhanced, the pressure set value is generated based on the temperature, the automatic control process is realized, manual intervention is reduced, the risk of human error is reduced, and the accuracy and timeliness of control decisions are improved; and the voltage stabilizer has strong usability and practicality.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present application provides a voltage stabilizer pressure control device, which comprises:

[0008] An acquisition unit is configured to acquire a current pressure measured value and a pressure set value of the voltage stabilizer during the operation of the nuclear power unit.

[0009] A control unit is configured to switch the voltage stabilizer to an open-loop state when a pressure deviation between the pressure measured value and the pressure set value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold value, and control an actuator to adjust the pressure.

[0010] A calculation unit is configured to calculate a controller tracking value based on the second pressure threshold value and a state variable of the controller before switching to the open-loop state when the pressure deviation is reduced to a preset second pressure threshold value during the open-loop control process.

[0011] The control unit is further configured to switch from the open-loop state to a closed-loop state, and control the actuator in the closed-loop state based on the controller tracking value.

[0012] The first pressure threshold value is greater than the second pressure threshold value.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method of any one of the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of the first aspect.

[0015] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which, when running on a device, causes the device to perform the method of any one of the first aspect.

[0016] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect to the fifth aspect described above can be referred to the related description in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 The implementation flowchart of the pressure control method of the stabilizer provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0019] Figure 2 The control process diagram of the hot stop and power running stage provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0020] Figure 3 The control process diagram of the hot stop and power running stage provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0021] Figure 4 The limit curve diagram of the primary circuit pressure and temperature provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 5 The curve diagram of the limit curve after smoothing processing provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 6 The curve diagram of automatically generating pressure set value based on average value provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 7 The curve diagram of automatically generating pressure set value based on translation provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 8 The curve diagram of generating set value based on selected pressure point provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 9 The control process diagram of the unit start-stop temperature rise stage provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Figure 10 The control process diagram of the unit start-stop temperature rise stage provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a manual-automatic control process provided for an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a structure of a pressure control device of a stabilizer provided for an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2.

[0030] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic device provided for an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, as used herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0034] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily independent or alternative embodiments to each other. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents a "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0036] During the operation of a nuclear power unit, various transients occur, which cause the power generated by the reactor and the output power of the evaporator to be unbalanced, the water temperature of the main system to change, the thermal expansion and contraction in the loop and the reactor to occur, the water in the surge tank to flow through the surge line to the reactor or the water in the reactor to flow through the surge line to the surge tank, and thus the volume and temperature of the water in the surge tank to change, resulting in the change of the pressure of the surge tank. For example, the increase of the load of the secondary loop → the decrease of the average temperature of the coolant in the primary loop → the decrease of the density of the coolant → the contraction of the volume of the coolant → the decrease of the water level in the surge tank → the decrease of the pressure of the surge tank. In addition, other factors (such as the leakage of the coolant in the primary loop) can also cause the change of the water level in the surge tank, which will also cause the fluctuation of the pressure of the surge tank.

[0037] When the pressure increases, the control system will increase the opening of the spray valve, so that more water from the cold pipe section is sprayed into the surge tank, the steam is condensed, and the pressure is reduced. When the pressure decreases, the control system will increase the power of the electric heater to heat the water in the surge tank, so that the water is more vaporized, and the pressure is increased.

[0038] At present, the pressure of the surge tank in the hot state cold shutdown stage of the unit is put into automatic control, and the pressure set value is always 15.4 MPa.g; for the traditional unit, the pressure of the surge tank is put into the control process after the gas cavity is built, the operator needs to manually set the pressure value in the whole process, and the pressure control is switched from manual to automatic in the temperature and pressure increasing stage, which is easy to cause large pressure disturbance. Moreover, through the manual control of the operator on the primary loop pressure and the manual setting of the pressure set value, the surge tank pressure control under the transient condition and abnormal condition cannot be responded.

[0039] In view of the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a surge tank pressure control method, which improves the reliability of the surge tank pressure control system in the whole starting and running process of the unit, effectively reduces the burden of the operator, improves the automation degree of the control system, improves the efficiency of human-computer interaction, and avoids the protection action, through the open loop control and closed loop tracking logic in the starting and power running process and accident condition, the automatic generation logic of the surge tank pressure set value and the tracking logic of the PID controller in the manual control process.

[0040] The specific implementation process of the surge tank pressure control method will be introduced below through an embodiment.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The implementation flowchart of the surge tank pressure control method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 The method can include the following steps:

[0042] S101, in the operation of the nuclear power unit, the current measured value and the pressure set value of the surge tank are obtained.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present application, the nuclear power unit operation process can include a hot shutdown and power operation stage, and a unit start-stop temperature rising and falling stage. In the hot shutdown and power operation stage, the unit operation state is stable, and the current pressure set value of the stabilizer can be a preset fixed value; while in the unit start-stop temperature rising and falling stage, the current pressure set value of the stabilizer is a dynamic value varying with the primary loop temperature. The pressure measured value is the pressure value measured by the stabilizer based on sensors and the like in real time.

[0044] It is exemplarily obtained that, in the operation process of the unit, the current pressure measured value and the pressure set value of the stabilizer can be detected in real time for different operation stages; and then subsequent pressure control can be performed in different operation stages, so that the pressure measured value of the stabilizer is maintained at the current pressure set value through pressure adjustment, so as to reduce pressure fluctuation.

[0045] Among them, for the unit start-stop temperature rising and falling stage, the process of the pressure set value varying with the average temperature of the reactor coolant (hereinafter can be referred to as temperature) does not need to be manually set; based on the corresponding relationship between the temperature and the pressure, the pressure set value is automatically and smoothly switched with the temperature.

[0046] The automatic generation process of the pressure set value is introduced below.

[0047] In some embodiments, obtaining the current pressure measured value and the pressure set value of the stabilizer comprises:

[0048] The upper curve and the lower curve of the limit curve corresponding to the average temperature of the reactor coolant and the pressure of the nuclear power unit are smoothed to obtain an upper smooth curve and a lower smooth curve; based on the corresponding relationship between the average temperature of the reactor coolant and the pressure on the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve, the pressure set value varying with the average temperature of the reactor coolant is determined.

[0049] Exemplarily, the nuclear power station must limit the primary coolant pressure and temperature within a certain range, i.e. within the P-T diagram, when the unit is normally operated, the limit curve includes: the saturation curve of water and the under-saturation limit line of the coolant, the RIS system access / exit temperature limit line during normal operation, the minimum temperature limit line of the primary coolant, the minimum pressure limit line of the main pump operation, the main pump cavitation protection limit line and dozens of limit lines, the limit conditions of the primary loop operating pressure and operating temperature during normal operation can draw the P-T diagram of the primary loop pressure and temperature range permission during normal operation of the unit.

[0050] As shown in Figure 4 Each limit curve constitutes an upper curve and a lower curve of pressure and temperature (such as the average temperature of the reactor coolant or the primary loop temperature), and in the unit start-stop temperature rising and falling stage, the temperature and pressure value range is limited by the upper curve and the lower curve, forming the corresponding relationship between the pressure and the temperature varying with the temperature.

[0051] For example, by drawing a distance limit line between the upper line and the lower curve of the P-T diagram, the temperature and pressure corresponding relationship curve in the middle position can be obtained automatically according to the temperature of the loop, and the pressure setting value of the stabilizer can be automatically generated. The pressure setting value of the stabilizer is automatically set during temperature rise and fall, greatly reducing the burden of the operator.

[0052] Among them, the upper line and the lower line of the P-T diagram are smoothed, and the smoothing method can also be a broken line, or a Bezier curve is used for smoothing. As shown in Figure 5 After smoothing the upper line, the upper smooth line is obtained, and after smoothing the lower line, the lower smooth line is obtained. Based on the allowable range between the upper smooth line and the lower smooth line, the pressure setting value based on the corresponding relationship between the pressure and the temperature change can include the following three ways.

[0053] Method 1:

[0054] In some embodiments, the average value of the pressure values of the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve is taken as the pressure setting value varying with the temperature of the loop.

[0055] For example, as shown in Figure 6 In the process of determining the pressure setting value, the average value of the upper line and the lower line of the P-T diagram is used; among them, the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, and square mean calculation methods can be selected. In order to ensure the smooth change of the pressure setting value, the curves with large slope in the P-T diagram are removed, and the average of the smoothed curves of the upper line and the lower line is taken.

[0056] For example, at temperature t, the pressure value corresponding to the upper smooth line after smoothing the upper line is a1, and the pressure value corresponding to the lower smooth line after smoothing the lower line is a2, then the pressure setting value corresponding to a certain temperature t is the average value S of a1 and a2.

[0057] For example, the average value calculation can include four algorithms, as shown in Figure 6 The curves between the upper smooth line and the lower smooth line based on different algorithms are shown in The first is to use the arithmetic mean algorithm to calculate the average value The second is to use the geometric mean algorithm to calculate the average value The third is to use the harmonic mean algorithm to calculate the average value The fourth is to use the square mean algorithm to calculate the average value All temperature points can be calculated in the above manner to obtain the pressure setting value of the stabilizer varying with temperature, and during the pressure control process of the stabilizer, the pressure setting value is automatically switched based on the temperature change during the temperature rise and fall of the unit.

[0058] Method 2:

[0059] Alternatively, the upper smooth curve is translated downward by a preset margin to obtain a first translation curve, or the lower smooth curve is translated upward by a preset margin to obtain a second translation curve; the pressure value on the first translation curve or the second translation curve is used as the pressure setting value that changes with the temperature of the first circuit.

[0060] For example, Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the pressure setting value is generated by shifting the pressure value of the lower smooth line of the PT diagram upward by a sufficient margin (such as the preset margin is △X), or the pressure setting value is generated by shifting the pressure value of the upper smooth line downward by a sufficient margin (such as the preset margin is △Y). Different shift amounts can be used for different temperature ranges, and smoothing is performed so that the area of ​​the pressure setting value is in the area with the largest margin in the PT diagram. In addition, the upper line or the lower line can be shifted as a whole, such as Figure 7 As shown, the curve after the lower line is translated as a whole and the curve after the upper line is translated as a whole; since the upper and lower lines of the PT diagram intersect at a point near the power operation area, the line can be broken or smoothed when translated near the power operation area.

[0061] Method 3:

[0062] Alternatively, based on the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve, target pressure values ​​corresponding to different primary circuit temperatures are selected; based on each target pressure value, a target smooth curve or a target broken line of primary circuit temperature and pressure is generated; and the pressure value on the target smooth curve or the target broken line is used as the pressure set value that changes with the primary circuit temperature.

[0063] For example, combining the above two methods, according to actual needs, select the appropriate pressure at different temperatures between the upper and lower lines of the PT graph, that is, the target pressure value; then connect these temperature-pressure points through a smooth curve or a broken line as the pressure setting value automatically generated as the temperature changes, such as Figure 8 The dashed curve is shown between the upper smooth line and the lower smooth line; wherein, the selection and setting of the target pressure value for different primary circuit temperatures can be set within the PT diagram according to actual equipment requirements or test requirements.

[0064] Based on the current measured pressure value and the pressure setting value of the pressure regulator obtained in the above manner, the process of pressure control is further described below.

[0065] S102 , when the pressure deviation between the actual pressure value and the pressure setting value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold, the pressure stabilizer switches to an open-loop state to control the actuator for adjusting the pressure.

[0066] S103, in the open-loop control process, when the pressure deviation is reduced to a preset second pressure threshold, calculating the controller tracking value based on the second pressure threshold and the state variable of the controller before switching to the open-loop state.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present application, by calculating the pressure deviation between the measured pressure value and the pressure set value, in the case that the pressure deviation reaches or exceeds the first pressure threshold, the open-loop control is triggered, and the PID controller (hereinafter referred to as the controller) performs open-loop control, thereby responding to transient changes in time, adjusting the pressure of the pressure stabilizer, and reducing the pressure deviation rapidly until the second pressure threshold is reached, switching back to closed-loop control, and continuing to adjust the pressure of the pressure stabilizer to quickly and smoothly restore it to the pressure set value.

[0068] Wherein, in calculating the controller tracking value, the current output value of the controller is combined to ensure the smoothness and continuity of the pressure control process and mode switching, improve the control accuracy, and adapt to different working conditions and pressure changes. The pressure stabilizer includes the controller and the pressure adjusting execution mechanism.

[0069] The operation process of the nuclear power unit includes the heat stop and power operation stages. The implementation process of pressure control in the heat stop and power operation stages is introduced below through embodiments.

[0070] In some embodiments, the pressure control execution mechanism of the pressure stabilizer includes a spray valve and a heater; when the measured pressure value is greater than the pressure set value, and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to the first high open-loop control threshold, the pressure stabilizer switches to the open-loop state, controls the spray valve to be fully open and the heater to be closed; or when the measured pressure value is less than the pressure set value, and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to the first low open-loop control threshold, the pressure stabilizer switches to the open-loop state, controls the spray valve to be fully closed and the heater to be opened; wherein the first pressure threshold includes the first high open-loop control threshold and the first low open-loop control threshold.

[0071] For example, in the state that the pressure of the pressure stabilizer is high, when the pressure deviation is greater than the first high open-loop control threshold X, the open-loop control is triggered, the PID controller switches to the open-loop state, the controller output tracking value is calculated and sent to the execution mechanism to control the opening degree of the execution mechanism; wherein the spray valve is controlled to be fully open, which means that the spray valve is in the automatic mode and fully open, and the heater is closed, including that the on-off type heater is in the automatic mode and stopped, and the proportional type heater is in the automatic mode and 0% open. Thus, the pressure of the pressure stabilizer is continuously reduced, and the pressure deviation is reduced.

[0072] For example, when the pressure deviation is greater than the first low open-loop control threshold |Y| (Y is negative) in the state of the low pressure of the pressure stabilizer, open-loop control is triggered, the PID controller switches to the open-loop state, the controller output tracks the value and sends a control command to the actuator to control the opening degree of the actuator; wherein, the full-closing of the spray valve is that the spray valve is in the automatic mode full-closing, the opening of the heater includes that the on-off type heater is in the automatic mode full-on, and the proportional type heater is in the automatic mode 100% opening. Thus, the pressure of the pressure stabilizer is continuously increased, and the pressure deviation is reduced.

[0073] In some embodiments, the nuclear power unit operation process includes a heat stop and power operation stage; in the heat stop and power operation stage, when the pressure deviation decreases to the first release threshold, a first adjustment amount is calculated based on the first release threshold and the proportional coefficient of the controller; the sum of the first adjustment amount and the steady-state output value of the controller is calculated, and the sum is taken as the controller tracking value; wherein, the state parameters of the controller before switching to the open-loop state include the steady-state output value and the proportional coefficient of the controller; the second pressure threshold includes the first release threshold.

[0074] For example, the steady-state output value is the PID output in the steady state when the pressure of the pressure stabilizer is 15.4 MPa.g in the power operation, such as the PID output tracking value is 0 (the PID output is -0.29 to 8.75), or the output tracking value is 50% (the PID output is 0%-100%).

[0075] If open-loop control is triggered when the pressure deviation is large, the PID controller is in open-loop at this time; when the pressure deviation decreases to the release threshold (such as the first release threshold) at which open-loop control disappears, the PID controller switches to closed-loop, the pressure regulation response is slow based on the controller tracking value set in the traditional way, and there is a large disturbance in the PID controller output.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, in the open-loop control process, the pressure deviation gradually decreases to the first release threshold, the PID controller switches from open-loop control to closed-loop control, the controller tracking value is a value calculated according to the first release threshold and the steady-state output value, and the controller tracking value of the PID controller output is (measured value of the pressure of the pressure stabilizer-pressure set value)*p+steady-state output value; wherein, the steady-state output value is the output of the PID steady-state control, and p is the proportional coefficient of the PID controller, that is, when the PID controller switches back to closed-loop, the output value of the PID controller starts to change from the output corresponding to the proportional action; thus, the switching of the PID open-loop and closed-loop under the super-relaxation control is disturbance-free, and the frequent action of the actuator is avoided.

[0077] During the power operation stage, the steady-state output of the pressurizer pressure PID is a constant value (i.e., the steady-state output value); for the pressurizer pressure controller consistent with the M310 reactor type, the steady-state output is 0 bar, and for the pressurizer pressure controller consistent with the European third-generation pressurized water reactor EPR reactor type, the steady-state output is 50%.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, when the pressurizer pressure is high and the pressure deviation (measured value - set value) is greater than the first high open-loop control threshold X (X is a positive number), open-loop control is triggered. The PID controller is in an open-loop state. Under the action of the open-loop control signal, the sprinkler valve is in automatic mode and fully open, the on-off heater is in automatic mode and stopped, and the proportional heater is in automatic mode and 0% open. When the pressurizer pressure drops, when the pressurizer pressure deviation drops to X' (X' is a positive number and X' is less than X), that is, when the pressure deviation falls to the release threshold, the PID controller switches to closed-loop control. When switching to closed-loop control, the tracking value output by the PID controller is X'*p + PID steady-state output (i.e., steady-state output value). After the open-loop control signal disappears, the PID controller performs closed-loop control based on this tracking value, with the initial output being this tracking value, thus achieving smooth switching.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, when the pressurizer pressure is low and the pressure deviation (measured value - set value) is less than or equal to threshold Y (Y is a negative number), that is, the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to the first low open-loop control threshold (the first low open-loop control threshold is |Y|), open-loop control is triggered, and the PID controller is in an open-loop state. Under the action of the open-loop control signal, the sprinkler valve is fully closed in automatic mode, the on-off heater is fully open in automatic mode, and the proportional heater is 100% open in automatic mode. When the pressurizer pressure rises and the pressurizer pressure deviation becomes Y' (Y' is a negative number, Y' is greater than Y), that is, when the pressure deviation drops to the release threshold, the PID controller switches to closed-loop control. When switching to closed-loop control, the PID controller outputs a tracking value of Y'*p+PID steady-state output. After the open-loop control signal disappears, the PID controller performs closed-loop control based on this tracking value, with the initial output being this tracking value, thus achieving smooth switching.

[0080] In some embodiments, when the pressure deviation between the current measured pressure value of the regulator and the pressure setting value drops to a first release threshold, the regulator switches from open-loop control to closed-loop control, and uses the controller tracking value as the initial value of the closed-loop control.

[0081] For example, Figure 2As shown, in the state of the high pressure of the pressure stabilizer, the opening of the actuator is controlled to adjust the pressure of the pressure stabilizer to drop until the pressure deviation between the current measured value of the pressure stabilizer and the pressure set value drops to the release threshold X', the open-loop control is released, and the pressure stabilizer is switched from the open-loop control to the closed-loop control; since the pressure deviation still exists, the calculated controller tracking value is taken as the initial state output value of the closed-loop control, so as to improve the response speed of the pressure control and the smoothness of the pressure control.

[0082] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the pressure stabilizer is in the state of the low pressure of the pressure stabilizer. Figure 3 As shown, in the state of the low pressure of the pressure stabilizer, the opening of the actuator is controlled to adjust the pressure of the pressure stabilizer to rise until the pressure deviation between the current measured value of the pressure stabilizer and the pressure set value drops to the release threshold (the absolute value of Y'), the open-loop control is released, and the pressure stabilizer is switched from the open-loop control to the closed-loop control; since the pressure deviation still exists, the calculated controller tracking value is taken as the initial state output value of the closed-loop control, so as to improve the response speed of the pressure control and the smoothness of the pressure control.

[0083] The operation process of the nuclear power unit includes the unit start-stop and temperature rise and fall stages. The implementation process of the pressure control in the unit start-stop and temperature rise and fall stages is introduced below through an embodiment.

[0084] In some embodiments, in the unit start-stop and temperature rise and fall stages, when the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a first pressure threshold, the pressure stabilizer is switched to the open-loop state, and the opening of the spray valve and the heater is controlled based on the transient output value of the controller before switching to the open-loop control and a preset adjustment amount; wherein the actuator includes the spray valve and the heater.

[0085] In some embodiments, when the measured pressure value is greater than the pressure set value, and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a second high open-loop control threshold, the opening of the spray valve and the heater is controlled based on the sum of the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount.

[0086] Alternatively, when the measured pressure value is less than the pressure set value, and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a second low open-loop control threshold, the opening of the heater is controlled based on the difference between the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount.

[0087] The first pressure threshold includes the second high open-loop control threshold and the second low open-loop control threshold; the pressure set value, the second high open-loop control threshold, and the second low open-loop control threshold are pressure values that change with the average temperature of the reactor coolant.

[0088] For example, in the unit start-stop and temperature rise and fall stages, the first pressure threshold for triggering the open-loop control can be set based on the P-T diagram; for example, the pressure values corresponding to the upper and lower smooth lines shown in FIG. 1 are set as the first pressure threshold. Figure 5

[0089] ​Alternatively, based on actual operation requirements, the pressure set value that changes with temperature is shifted upward by M and downward by N to obtain an open-loop control trigger threshold curve; that is, at any temperature, when the pressure stabilizer pressure is greater than the pressure set value M, open-loop control is triggered to rapidly reduce the pressure stabilizer pressure to the pressure set value; when the pressure stabilizer pressure is less than the pressure set value N, open-loop control is triggered to rapidly increase the pressure stabilizer pressure to the pressure set value.

[0090] Alternatively, at different temperatures, a pressure deviation from the pressure set value is set, and the open-loop control trigger threshold that changes with temperature, that is, the first pressure threshold; the second high open-loop control threshold M and the second low open-loop control threshold N at which open-loop control is triggered are dynamic values that change with temperature. That is, at the pressure set value that changes with temperature, the pressure deviation of the pressure measured value from the pressure set value changes with temperature, and accordingly, the first pressure threshold at which open-loop control is triggered changes with temperature.

[0091] Correspondingly, by open-loop control of the opening of the actuator based on the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount, the pressure deviation is gradually reduced from the second high open-loop control threshold to the second pressure threshold, such as the second release threshold, and then the pressure stabilizer is switched from open-loop control to closed-loop control; wherein the preset adjustment amount can be set based on the operating state.

[0092] For example, during the start-stop temperature rising and falling stage of a nuclear power unit, due to different configurations of the on-off heater, the output of the pressure stabilizer pressure PID controller is not the same under the same working condition; for example, during the normal start-stop temperature rising and falling stage of the unit, according to the operating procedures, the on-off heater needs to be manually turned on, and the pressure stabilizer pressure is controlled by the spray valve and the proportional heater; but the actual operator may set some of the on-off heaters to automatic control, which will cause a large difference in the output of the pressure stabilizer pressure PID controller under different configurations. Therefore, after triggering open-loop control during the start-stop stage of the unit, the PID output at the triggering moment, that is, the transient output value at which open-loop control is triggered, needs to be recorded; the PID controller open-loop control increases or decreases the control output to pull the pressure back to the pressure set value.

[0093] Correspondingly, during the start-stop temperature rising and falling stage of the unit, the second high open-loop control threshold M and the second low open-loop control N at which open-loop control is triggered are functions that change with temperature, and the open-loop control disappearance release thresholds M' (M-M' is the trigger threshold hysteresis) and N' (N-N' is the trigger threshold hysteresis) are functions that change with temperature. Therefore, the first pressure threshold can be set as a logical threshold function related to the primary loop temperature T.

[0094] It should be noted that after open-loop control is triggered, the pressure control needs to be switched back to closed-loop control when the pressure stabilizer pressure returns to a certain range, otherwise the pressure will be over-adjusted.

[0095] In some embodiments, when the regulator is in a high-pressure state, the sum of the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount is used as the controller tracking value, and the opening of the actuator is controlled in the open-loop state based on the controller tracking value, and the pressure of the regulator is gradually reduced until the pressure deviation reaches the release threshold of the open-loop control; when the regulator is in a low-pressure state, the difference between the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount is used as the controller tracking value, and the opening of the actuator is controlled in the open-loop state based on the controller tracking value, and the pressure of the regulator is gradually increased until the pressure deviation reaches the release threshold of the open-loop control; wherein the second release threshold includes the threshold M' for releasing the open-loop control in the high-pressure state and the threshold for releasing the open-loop control in the low-pressure state (the absolute value of the release threshold N').

[0096] In some embodiments, during the start-up, shutdown, and temperature rise and fall phases of the unit, when the pressure deviation drops to a second release threshold, a second adjustment amount is calculated based on the second release threshold and the controller proportional coefficient; and a controller tracking value is calculated based on the second adjustment amount and the transient output value of the controller before switching to open-loop control.

[0097] Among them, the state parameters of the controller before switching to the open-loop state include the transient output value and the controller proportional coefficient, the second pressure threshold includes the second release threshold, the second release threshold is the pressure value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant, and the controller tracking value is the tracking value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant.

[0098] For example, at temperature T, when the pressurizer pressure is low and the pressure deviation (measured value - set value) is less than or equal to the open-loop control threshold N (N is a negative number, i.e., the absolute value of N is the second lowest open-loop control threshold), open-loop control is triggered, the PID controller is in an open-loop state, and the pressurizer pressure rises. When the pressurizer pressure deviation becomes the release threshold N' (N' is a negative number, N' is greater than N), the PID controller reverts to closed-loop regulation. When the pressurizer pressure is high and the pressure deviation (measured value - set value) is greater than the second highest open-loop control threshold M (M is a positive number), open-loop control is triggered, the PID controller is in an open-loop state, and the pressurizer pressure drops. When the pressurizer pressure deviation drops to the release threshold M' (M' is a positive number, M' is less than M), the PID controller switches to closed-loop regulation.

[0099] like Figure 9 As shown, during the start-up and shutdown phases of the unit, when the pressurizer pressure is relatively high and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to the second highest open-loop control threshold, the open-loop control is triggered and the PID controller is in the open-loop state. The output value Z of the PID controller, i.e., the transient output value, is recorded at the moment the open-loop control is triggered. Based on the preset adjustment amount △H, the controller tracking value is determined to be Z+△H. The preset adjustment amount △H can be calculated based on the current pressure deviation, such as △H = current pressure deviation * p, where p is the proportional coefficient. It can also be set based on the adjustment amount corresponding to historical pressure deviation data.

[0100] When the regulator pressure drops and the pressure deviation drops to the release threshold M' (M' is a positive number and M' is less than M), open-loop control is released and the PID controller switches to closed-loop regulation. During open-loop control, the PID controller outputs a tracking value of Z + △H. After the open-loop control signal disappears, the PID controller outputs a tracking value of Z + M'*p and closes the loop. The initial output of closed-loop control is this tracking value, achieving smooth, rapid, and stable pressure control, and thus enabling a smooth transition between control modes.

[0101] like Figure 10 As shown, during the start-up and shutdown phases of the unit, when the pressurizer pressure is low and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to the second lower open-loop control threshold, open-loop control is triggered, and the PID controller is in an open-loop state. The output value Z of the PID controller at the moment the open-loop control is triggered, that is, the transient output value, is recorded; and based on the preset adjustment amount △L, the controller tracking value is determined to be Z-△L, wherein the preset adjustment amount △L can be calculated based on the current pressure deviation, such as △L = current pressure deviation * p, where p is the controller proportional coefficient, and can also be set based on the adjustment amount corresponding to historical pressure deviation data.

[0102] When the regulator pressure rises and the pressure deviation reaches the release threshold N', open-loop control is released and the PID controller switches to closed-loop regulation. During open-loop control, the PID controller outputs a tracking value of Z-△L. After the open-loop control signal disappears, the PID controller outputs a tracking value of Z+N'*p and performs closed-loop control. The initial output of closed-loop control is this tracking value, achieving smooth, rapid, and stable pressure control, thereby enabling a smooth transition between control modes.

[0103] Accordingly, after switching from the open-loop state to the closed-loop state, the controller tracking value is used as the initial value of the closed-loop state to control the opening of the actuator until the pressure of the regulator recovers and is maintained at the current pressure setting value.

[0104] For example, since the pressure setting value is a function related to the primary loop temperature, the tracking value of the PID output during the open-loop control process can also be converted into a function related to the primary loop temperature.

[0105] The following describes the control process of the actuator when switching from manual control to automatic control.

[0106] In actual application scenarios, the pressurizer pressure controller enters automatic control as soon as the pressurizer establishes a steam cavity. During the unit's temperature and pressure ramp-up phase, the pressurizer pressure control actuators include spray valves, proportional heaters, and on-off heaters. Depending on the operator's intervention plan and the plant's startup and shutdown procedures, spray valves and proportional heaters serve as the primary pressure control mechanisms, with spray valves providing the most effective pressure control.

[0107] In some embodiments, when the voltage stabilizer is switched from manual control to automatic control, if the opening of the spray valve is greater than 0, the output value corresponding to the opening of the spray valve is used as the controller tracking value; if the spray valve is closed or the opening is 0, and the opening of the proportional heater is greater than 0, the output value corresponding to the opening of the proportional heater is used as the controller tracking value.

[0108] For example, Figure 11 As shown in the figure, when the PID controller is in manual mode and the sprinkler valve is open, the PID controller output should track the PID output corresponding to the sprinkler valve opening command, i.e., the inverse function of the PID output and the sprinkler valve opening function. When the sprinkler valve is not open and the proportional heater is open, the PID controller output should track the PID output corresponding to the proportional heater opening command, i.e., the inverse function of the PID output and the proportional heater opening function. The inverse function is the reverse mapping relationship between the PID output and the actuator (sprinkler valve or proportional heater) opening. For example, a PID output of 70% to 100% corresponds to a sprinkler valve opening of 0% to 100%. If the sprinkler valve is open at 50% in the current manual control mode, the PID controller output tracking value is 85%. Accordingly, when switching to automatic mode, the PID controller's initial output is the tracking value, i.e., 85%. For example, the PID output is 40% to 60%, corresponding to the proportional heater opening of 100% to 0%; if the proportional heater opening is 40% in the current manual control mode, the tracking value output by the PID controller is 52%. Accordingly, when switching to automatic mode, the initial output of the PID controller is the tracking value, that is, 52%.

[0109] That is, when the spray valve is open, the PID controller tracks the PID output converted by the spray valve regardless of whether the proportional heater is open or not; when the spray valve is not open, the PID controller tracks the PID output converted by the proportional heater, thereby effectively avoiding large disturbances caused by the PID controller switching to automatic control when the temperature and pressure increase, and achieving manual and automatic switching throughout the process without causing large pressure disturbances.

[0110] The embodiment of the present application can realize the pressure control of the stabilizer in the whole process of the unit starting, can cut out the normal closed-loop control system after the pressure of the stabilizer greatly deviates from the set value, greatly and quickly change the control instruction with the help of the operator, and quickly restore the pressure of the stabilizer to the set value; meanwhile, since there are multiple executing mechanisms for the pressure control of the stabilizer, the rapidity in the manual and automatic switching, the super relaxation control and the closed-loop control switching processes of the unit temperature rising and falling working conditions can be ensured, the response speed of the pressure of the stabilizer is improved; in combination with the pressure change of the primary loop in the transient process, the open-loop control improves the response performance for the transient test with a greater risk of instantaneous overpressure, and avoids triggering the protection action; the working load of the operator of the pressure control of the stabilizer in the unit starting process and abnormal working conditions is reduced, the human risk is reduced, and the man-machine interaction performance, i.e., the efficiency is improved.

[0111] It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0112] According to the stabilizer pressure control method provided in the above embodiment, as shown in Figure 12 The stabilizer pressure control device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown for convenience of description, and only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.

[0113] The stabilizer pressure control device comprises:

[0114] The acquisition unit 1201 is configured to acquire a current pressure measured value and a pressure set value of the stabilizer in the operation process of the nuclear power unit.

[0115] The control unit 1202 is configured to switch the stabilizer to an open-loop state and control the executing mechanism for adjusting the pressure when the pressure deviation between the pressure measured value and the pressure set value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold value.

[0116] The calculation unit 1203 is configured to calculate a controller tracking value based on the second pressure threshold value and the state parameter of the controller before switching to the open-loop state when the pressure deviation is reduced to a preset second pressure threshold value in the open-loop control process.

[0117] The control unit 1202 is further configured to switch from the open-loop state to a closed-loop state, and control the executing mechanism in the closed-loop state based on the controller tracking value.

[0118] The first pressure threshold value is greater than the second pressure threshold value.

[0119] The various units of the stabilizer pressure control device provided in the embodiment of the present application are used to realize the above stabilizer pressure control method.

[0120] Figure 13 A hardware structure diagram of the electronic device 13 is shown.

[0121] As shown in Figure 13 the electronic device 13 of this embodiment includes at least one processor 131 Figure 13 only one is shown), a memory 132 in which a computer program 133 executable on the processor 131 is stored. The processor 131 implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executing the computer program 133, for example Figure 1 S101-S104 shown. Alternatively, the processor 131 implements the functions of each module / unit in the above various device embodiments when executing the computer program 133. The electronic device 13 can be a cloud server in the above embodiments.

[0122] It can be understood that the structure shown in the embodiments of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 13. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 13 can include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or different component arrangements. The components shown can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0123] The electronic device 13 can include, but is not limited to, the processor 131, the memory 132. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 13 only an example of the electronic device 13 and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 13, and can include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components, for example, the server can also include an input sending device, a network access device, a bus, etc.

[0124] The above processor 131 can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), ready programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor.

[0125] The processor 131 can further include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 131 is a cache memory. The memory can hold instructions or data that the processor 131 has recently used or is likely to use again. If the processor 131 needs to use the instructions or data again, it can call them directly from the memory. This avoids repeated access and reduces the waiting time of the processor 131, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

[0126] The memory 132 described above can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 13 in some embodiments, such as a hard disk or a memory of the electronic device 13. The memory 132 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 13, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the electronic device 13. Further, the memory 132 can include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the electronic device 13. The memory 132 is used to store an operating system, an application program, a boot loader, data, and other programs, such as program codes of computer programs, etc. The memory 132 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been transmitted or will be transmitted.

[0127] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0128] It should be noted that the structure of the electronic device described above is only illustrative, and other physical structures can be included based on different application scenarios, and the physical structure of the electronic device is not limited herein.

[0129] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.

[0130] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented.

[0131] The embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a server, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented when the server is executed.

[0132] The integrated modules / units, if realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can also be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by a processor. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms. The computer readable medium can include any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0133] The electronic device, computer storage medium and computer program product provided by the above embodiments are used to execute the method provided above, and thus the beneficial effects achieved by the electronic device, computer storage medium and computer program product can refer to the beneficial effects of the method provided above, which will not be described here.

[0134] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered as falling within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0135] It should be understood that the above is only to help those skilled in the art better understand the embodiments of the present application, and not to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or changes according to the above examples given, for example, some steps in the above-mentioned detection method embodiments can be unnecessary, or some steps can be newly added, etc. Or a combination of any two or more embodiments. Such modifications, changes or combinations also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0136] It should also be understood that the division of the modes, cases, categories and embodiments in the embodiments of the present application is only for the convenience of description, and should not be considered as a special limitation. The features in the various modes, categories, cases and embodiments can be combined when there is no contradiction.

[0137] It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referred to if not specifically stated and there is no logical conflict, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0138] Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0139] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / network device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / network device embodiments described above are only schematic. The division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical, mechanical or in other forms.

[0140] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place, or distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments.

[0141] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent; and these modifications or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0142] Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling pressure of a pressurizer, characterized in that: The method comprises: During the operation of the nuclear power unit, the current measured pressure value and the pressure setting value of the pressurizer are obtained; When the pressure deviation between the measured pressure value and the set pressure value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold, the pressure stabilizer switches to an open-loop state to control the actuator for regulating the pressure; During the open-loop control process, when the pressure deviation drops to a preset second pressure threshold, a controller tracking value is calculated based on the second pressure threshold and a state parameter of the controller before switching to the open-loop state; Switching from the open-loop state to a closed-loop state, and controlling the actuator in the closed-loop state based on the controller tracking value; The first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The operation process of the nuclear power unit includes a thermal shutdown and a power operation stage; during the open-loop control process, when the pressure deviation drops to a preset second pressure threshold, a controller tracking value is calculated based on the second pressure threshold and a state parameter of the controller before switching to the open-loop state, including: During the thermal shutdown and power operation phase, when the pressure deviation drops to a first release threshold, calculating a first adjustment amount based on the first release threshold and a controller proportional coefficient; Calculating a sum of the first adjustment value and the steady-state output value of the controller, and using the sum as the controller tracking value; Wherein, the state parameters of the controller before switching to the open-loop state include the steady-state output value and the controller proportional coefficient; and the second pressure threshold includes the first release threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pressure control actuator of the pressure regulator includes a spray valve and a heater; when the pressure deviation between the actual pressure value and the pressure setting value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold, the pressure regulator switches to an open-loop state, and controls the pressure regulating actuator, including: When the measured pressure value is greater than the set pressure value and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a first high open-loop control threshold, the regulator switches to an open-loop state, controls the spray valve to be fully open, and turns off the heater; The first pressure threshold includes the first high open-loop control threshold.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The pressure control actuator of the pressure regulator includes a spray valve and a heater; when the pressure deviation between the actual pressure value and the pressure setting value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold, the pressure regulator switches to an open-loop state, and controls the pressure regulating actuator, including: When the measured pressure value is less than the set pressure value and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a first low open-loop control threshold, the pressure regulator switches to an open-loop state, controls the spray valve to be fully closed, and turns on the heater; The first pressure threshold includes the first low open-loop control threshold.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of obtaining the current measured pressure value and the set pressure value of the pressure stabilizer includes: Smoothing the upper line and the lower curve of the limit curve corresponding to the average temperature and pressure of the reactor coolant of the nuclear power unit to obtain an upper smooth curve and a lower smooth curve; The pressure setting value that varies with the average temperature of the reactor coolant is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the average temperature of the reactor coolant and the pressure on the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve, respectively.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The determining the pressure setting value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant based on the corresponding relationship between the average temperature of the reactor coolant and the pressure on the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve, respectively, comprises: The average value of the pressure values ​​on the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve is used as the pressure setting value that varies with the average temperature of the reactor coolant; or Shifting the upper smooth curve downward by a preset margin to obtain a first shifted curve, or shifting the lower smooth curve upward by a preset margin to obtain a second shifted curve; using the pressure value on the first translation curve or the second translation curve as the pressure setting value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant; or selecting target pressure values ​​corresponding to different average reactor coolant temperatures based on the upper smooth curve and the lower smooth curve; generating a target smooth curve or a target broken line of the average temperature and pressure of the reactor coolant based on each of the target pressure values; The pressure value on the target smooth curve or the target broken line is used as the pressure setting value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that The operation process of the nuclear power unit includes the unit start-up, shutdown, and temperature rise and fall stages; when the pressure deviation between the actual pressure value and the pressure setting value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold, the pressure regulator switches to an open-loop state to control the actuator for regulating the pressure, including: During the start-up, shutdown, and temperature increase / decrease phases of the unit, when the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a first pressure threshold, the regulator switches to an open-loop state and controls the opening of the spray valve and the heater based on the transient output value of the controller before switching to open-loop control and a preset adjustment amount; Wherein, the actuator includes the spray valve and the heater.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The control of the opening of the spray valve and the heater based on the transient output value of the controller before switching to open-loop control and the preset adjustment amount includes: When the measured pressure value is greater than the set pressure value and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a second high open-loop control threshold, the openings of the spray valve and the heater are controlled based on the sum of the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount; or When the measured pressure value is less than the set pressure value and the pressure deviation is greater than or equal to a second low open-loop control threshold, controlling the opening of the heater based on the difference between the transient output value and the preset adjustment amount; Among them, the first pressure threshold includes the second high open-loop control threshold and the second low open-loop control threshold; the pressure setting value, the second high open-loop control threshold and the second low open-loop control threshold are pressure values ​​that change with the average temperature of the reactor coolant.

9. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that The operation process of the nuclear power unit includes the unit start-up, shutdown, and temperature rise and fall stages; in the open-loop control process, when the pressure deviation drops to a preset second pressure threshold, calculating a controller tracking value based on the second pressure threshold and a state parameter of the controller before switching to the open-loop state, including: During the start-up, shutdown, and temperature increase / decrease phases of the unit, when the pressure deviation drops to a second release threshold, calculating a second adjustment amount based on the second release threshold and a controller proportional coefficient; calculating the controller tracking value based on the second adjustment amount and the transient output value of the controller before switching to open-loop control; Among them, the state parameters of the controller before switching to the open-loop state include the transient output value and the controller proportional coefficient, the second pressure threshold includes the second release threshold, the second release threshold is a pressure value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant, and the controller tracking value is a tracking value that changes with the average temperature of the reactor coolant.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The step of switching from the open-loop state to the closed-loop state and controlling the actuator in the closed-loop state based on the controller tracking value includes: After switching from the open-loop state to the closed-loop state, the controller tracking value is used as the initial value of the closed-loop state to control the opening of the actuator.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The actuator includes a spray valve and a proportional heater; the method further includes: When the voltage stabilizer switches from manual control to automatic control, if the opening of the spray valve is greater than 0, the output value corresponding to the opening of the spray valve is used as the controller tracking value; if the spray valve is closed or the opening is 0, and the opening of the proportional heater is greater than 0, the output value corresponding to the opening of the proportional heater is used as the controller tracking value.

12. A pressure control device for a pressurizer, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition unit is used to obtain the current measured pressure value and pressure setting value of the pressurizer during the operation of the nuclear power unit; a control unit, configured to, when a pressure deviation between the actual pressure value and the set pressure value is greater than or equal to a preset first pressure threshold, switch the pressure stabilizer to an open-loop state and control the actuator for regulating the pressure; a calculation unit, configured to calculate a controller tracking value based on a preset second pressure threshold and a state parameter of the controller before switching to an open-loop state when the pressure deviation drops to a preset second pressure threshold during the open-loop control process; The control unit is further configured to switch from the open-loop state to a closed-loop state, and control the actuator in the closed-loop state based on the controller tracking value; The first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is implemented.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a device, the device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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