A machine room rapid deepening method and system based on BIM technology

Abstract

The application discloses a machine room rapid deepening method and system based on BIM technology, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical and electrical installation construction, which comprises the following steps: defining design ideas, creating a machine room model sample file, setting constraint conditions for machine room deepening models, ensuring that the machine room deepening model can drive design parameters, establishing models of various systems in the machine room for safety hazard investigation and collaborative inspection, automatically identifying collision points in the model by using the collision detection function of the BIM platform, establishing a hazard source identification model, and predicting construction safety hazards. Precast splitting and construction matching are carried out, the pipeline arrangement in the machine room deepening model is precast split, so as to facilitate rapid assembly on the construction site. According to the split machine room deepening model output file, construction matching is carried out with the construction team on site, and the smooth progress of the construction process is ensured. Through fine modeling and deepening work, the accuracy and efficiency of machine room design and construction are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a method and system for rapid detailed design of computer rooms based on BIM technology, belonging to the field of electromechanical installation and construction technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the detailed construction phase of electromechanical installation projects faces a series of challenges, particularly in the detailed design of computer rooms. The traditional method of adjusting adjustments based on two-dimensional drawings has revealed significant shortcomings. These problems extend beyond the ambiguity of the detailed design approach, which hinders the systematic and orderly progress of computer room detailed work. They also include insufficient depth in the detailed design, with frequent adjustments leaving significant untapped potential for optimization in the final pipeline layout and equipment positioning. Furthermore, low efficiency in detailed design has become another major bottleneck. Due to the lack of scientific and efficient BIM technology application strategies, improvements in detailed design speed are not significant, and in some cases, they even slow down the overall progress. As performance standards for electromechanical system computer rooms become increasingly stringent, traditional detailed design methods are no longer adequate to meet the urgent demands of the modern construction industry for high efficiency, high quality, and green energy conservation. Innovation and improvement are urgently needed to overcome existing limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to one aspect of this application, a method for rapid detailing of data center design based on BIM technology is provided, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of data center design and construction through refined modeling and detailing work.

[0004] A method for rapid detailed design of a computer room based on BIM technology, characterized by comprising:

[0005] S1. Based on the computer room system drawings, clarify the design purpose, set modeling standards and detailing accuracy, create a computer room model template file containing the relationships between parametric components, and integrate it into the BIM platform database. The parametric components are associated with geometric constraints, physical properties and construction logic rules.

[0006] S2. Real-time acquisition of changes in design parameters of structure, building and decoration. When changes in geometric parameters or fluctuations in ambient temperature exceed the corresponding thresholds are detected, compensation for related parameters is calculated based on the parameter influence factor matrix. The parameter influence factor matrix includes: the transmission coefficient of geometric parameters to pipeline stress, the load factor of equipment weight on the supporting structure and the compensation weight of temperature on material deformation. Parameter optimization schemes are generated through machine learning models, and optimization instructions are fed back to the BIM platform to achieve bidirectional model driving.

[0007] S3. Based on the optimized parameters, an automated detailed model of the computer room is generated, and a spatial probability collision prediction algorithm is used to predict potential entity interference during the construction phase. When the collision risk value > R maxAutomatically generate pipeline detour paths and equipment displacement plans;

[0008] S4. Conduct safety hazard investigation, maintenance space reservation, construction space reservation, space utilization analysis and collaborative inspection, and further adjust the pipeline layout; at the same time, link the structural, architectural and decoration professional models, perform automated collision detection on each model and establish a hazard source identification model to predict construction safety hazards, thereby adjusting and determining the computer room detailed model scheme.

[0009] S5. Prefabricate and decompose the pipeline layout of the computer room detailed model, refine the component elements in the computer room detailed model into prefabricated parts, and match the output file of the decomposed computer room detailed model with the on-site construction team for construction.

[0010] Furthermore, in S2, the method for constructing the parameter influence factor matrix includes:

[0011] (a) Establish a database of geometric parameters-structural stress mapping relationships to record the correspondence between pipeline displacement and supporting structure deformation in historical projects;

[0012] (b) Define the formula for calculating the equipment weight load factor:

[0013] η = (W×E) material ) / (A × S factor )

[0014] Where: W represents the weight of the equipment; E material Indicates the elastic modulus of the supporting material; A represents the contact area of ​​the support; S factor Indicates the safety factor;

[0015] (c) The temperature compensation weights are dynamically optimized using the stochastic gradient descent algorithm, with an optimization cycle of once every 8 hours.

[0016] Furthermore, when establishing the detailed model of the computer room, each pipeline needs to meet the following requirements:

[0017] The equipment foundation positioning meets the maintenance space specifications, and the main pipelines of each system are laid out and drawn in a flat layout.

[0018] The main pipeline is elevated and layered;

[0019] Adjust the order of main pipelines in the same direction according to the direction of their ends;

[0020] When main pipelines in the same direction cannot be arranged at the same elevation, the elevation of main pipelines in opposite directions shall be used;

[0021] Each system's branch pipelines are drawn by climbing and bending around the main pipeline as the center;

[0022] Adjust and optimize pipeline routes in areas where there are conflicts or collisions between local pipelines.

[0023] Furthermore, S4 includes:

[0024] Link the detailed model of the computer room with the structural, architectural and decoration professional models to enable accurate collaborative inspection and collision detection; at the same time, import data related to safety hazard investigation and spatial analysis into the BIM platform as a reference for subsequent analysis.

[0025] Set rules for identifying security risks, and automatically check the detailed model of the computer room according to the set rules. For parts that do not comply with the security rules, the system marks them and generates a report.

[0026] Analyze the various equipment in the computer room to determine the space required for its inspection and maintenance and the operating range. Understand the construction process and methods of the computer room and determine the operating space and material storage space required during the construction process. Simulate the inspection, maintenance and construction process of the equipment in the computer room detailed model. Check whether the reserved inspection and maintenance space and construction space in the computer room detailed model are sufficient. For areas with insufficient space, make timely adjustments.

[0027] Based on the functional requirements and usage needs of the computer room, the spatial area and volume of each area are analyzed and evaluated to assess the space utilization rate, identify areas of wasted space, and propose optimization suggestions.

[0028] Collision detection rules are set, including hard collision rules and soft collision rules; the collision detection function is run to perform comprehensive collision detection between the data center detailed model and the structural, architectural and decoration professional models, as well as between various systems within the data center model. A spatial probability collision prediction algorithm is used to predict potential entity interference during the construction phase. When the collision risk value > R max Automatically generate pipeline detour paths and equipment displacement plans;

[0029] The implementation methods of the spatial probability collision prediction algorithm include:

[0030] The BIM model is discretized into a three-dimensional voxel mesh with a precision of 0.5 mm;

[0031] Label the attribute set for each voxel: {material type, load-bearing capacity, coefficient of thermal expansion};

[0032] Calculate the dynamic envelope space during the construction phase:

[0033] D envelope = D design ×(1 + K temp ×ΔT)×(1 + K load ×ΔP)

[0034] When the envelope spaces of adjacent voxels overlap, they are marked as high-risk collision regions;

[0035] Based on data related to hazards present during the construction and operation of the computer room, a hazard identification model is constructed. The hazard identification model predicts the existence of hazards, including electrical system hazards, piping system hazards, equipment installation and operation hazards, and environmental factor hazards.

[0036] Based on the results of safety hazard investigation, spatial analysis, and collision detection, the pipeline layout is adjusted. The adjusted pipeline layout scheme is simulated and evaluated to check whether it meets the requirements of safety, maintenance, construction, and space utilization, and to determine the detailed model scheme of the computer room.

[0037] Furthermore, S5 includes:

[0038] The computer room's detailed model of pipelines and equipment is prefabricated, components are coded, and the computer room construction is simulated in 3D.

[0039] Each prefabricated component has a unique and corresponding code. The assembly process of the prefabricated component is simulated and pre-run, and an installation flowchart is output according to the code.

[0040] During the manufacturing process, information is recorded for each prefabricated component, including detailed dimensions, component weight, connection method, installation location, and code.

[0041] Furthermore, the identification of hazards in the electrical system includes:

[0042] When two wires with different potentials are less than the safety threshold in the model and lack effective insulation protection, they are identified as having a short circuit risk.

[0043] If the total power of the equipment connected to a certain line exceeds the rated carrying capacity of that line, it is identified as an overload hazard.

[0044] Electrical equipment that is not properly connected to the grounding system in the model, or whose grounding resistance value exceeds the specified range, is identified as a potential grounding hazard.

[0045] Furthermore, the identification of hazards in the pipeline system includes:

[0046] Based on the material and specifications of the pipeline, a pressure threshold is set. When the pressure inside the pipeline simulated by the model exceeds the pressure threshold, it is identified as a pressure over-limit hazard.

[0047] If the sealing measures at the pipe joints are not up to standard, the pipes have cracks and holes, and the surrounding environment contains flammable, explosive, or toxic substances, these are identified as sources of leakage risk.

[0048] For pipelines transporting high-temperature or low-temperature media, if the model shows that the surface temperature exceeds the normal operating range, it may cause problems such as burns and freezing, and is identified as a source of abnormal temperature hazard.

[0049] Furthermore, the identification of hazards related to the installation and operation of the equipment includes:

[0050] The way the equipment is fixed in the model does not conform to the installation specifications, or the strength of the supporting structure is insufficient to support the weight of the equipment, which is identified as a source of unstable installation hazard.

[0051] The operating space around the equipment is less than the prescribed safe distance, which affects the normal operation and emergency response of the operators and is identified as a potential hazard of insufficient operating space.

[0052] If the maintenance access to the equipment is blocked by an object, or the width of the access is less than the specified value, it is identified as a hazard source of obstruction in the maintenance access.

[0053] Furthermore, the identification of the environmental hazard sources includes:

[0054] The ventilation system in the computer room cannot meet the specified ventilation requirements in the model, resulting in the accumulation of harmful gases or excessively high temperatures, which is identified as a hazard source of poor ventilation.

[0055] When the humidity in the computer room exceeds the range allowed for normal equipment operation, affecting the performance and lifespan of the equipment, it is identified as a potential hazard due to abnormal humidity.

[0056] If there are flammable materials in the computer room and the distance from a fire source is less than the safe distance, or if there is a lack of effective fire prevention measures, it is identified as a fire hazard.

[0057] According to another aspect of this application, a rapid data center detailing system based on BIM technology is provided, comprising:

[0058] The standard setting module is used to set modeling standards and detail accuracy according to the design purpose of the computer room system drawings, output computer room model template files, and integrate them into the BIM platform database;

[0059] The parameter specification module combines the design parameters of structure, architecture and decoration to set the pre-constraints of the computer room detailed model, generates parameter optimization schemes through machine learning models, and feeds the optimization instructions back to the BIM platform to realize bidirectional model driving.

[0060] The data center system model building module automatically generates a detailed data center model based on optimized parameters.

[0061] The model analysis module performs safety hazard investigation, maintenance space reservation, construction space reservation, space utilization analysis, and collaborative inspection on the data center detailed model, and links with professional models for automated collision detection;

[0062] Hazard identification model: Identifies various hazards in the construction and operation of the computer room, predicts potential safety risks during construction, adjusts pipeline layout based on analysis results, and outputs an optimized computer room detailed model solution;

[0063] The component prefabrication module prefabricates and decomposes the pipeline layout of the computer room detailed model, refines the component elements into prefabricated components, assigns a unique code to each prefabricated component, and outputs a list of prefabricated components and an installation flowchart.

[0064] The construction management module outputs the detailed model of the split computer room, matches it with the on-site construction team, records detailed information of each prefabricated component, and outputs the construction matching plan and component information record.

[0065] The beneficial effects that this application can produce include:

[0066] This application provides a BIM-based method and system for rapid data center detailing, integrating multiple stages such as data center design, modeling, analysis, optimization, and construction management into a complete and coherent design process. Through the BIM platform, seamless integration from design to construction is achieved, significantly improving design efficiency and construction accuracy. Pre-constraints are set for the data center detailing model based on structural, architectural, and interior design parameters, enabling bidirectional driving between the model and design parameters. This makes the design process more flexible and controllable, while also facilitating optimization of data center layout and pipeline arrangement. By linking structural, architectural, and interior design models, automated clash detection is performed on each model, and a hazard identification model is established. This not only helps to promptly identify and resolve design conflicts and errors but also predicts potential construction safety hazards, allowing for advance adjustments and optimizations to ensure the safety and reliability of the data center. The pipeline arrangement of the data center detailing model is prefabricated and decomposed, transforming complex component elements into easily manufactured and installed prefabricated parts. This step not only simplifies the construction process and improves construction efficiency but also helps reduce on-site processing and waste, lowering construction costs. Meanwhile, the output files of the split, detailed data center model were matched with the on-site construction teams to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the construction. This improved design efficiency and quality, enhanced the ability to identify safety hazards, refined construction management, increased resource utilization efficiency, promoted collaborative design and construction, and reduced operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1This is a flowchart of a method for rapid detailed design of a computer room based on BIM technology, according to one embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a BIM-based rapid data center detailing system according to one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0070] See Figure 1 A method for rapid detailed design of a computer room based on BIM technology, characterized by comprising:

[0071] S1. Based on the computer room system drawings, clarify the design purpose, set modeling standards and detailing accuracy, create a computer room model template file containing the relationships between parametric components, and integrate it into the BIM platform database. The parametric components are associated with geometric constraints, physical properties and construction logic rules.

[0072] This includes obtaining detailed drawings of the electromechanical installation project from the platform provided by the construction unit or design unit; establishing a stable communication channel with the design unit to help understand the designer's design intent during the drawing analysis process; raising questions about the design drawings through drawing review meetings; and thoroughly reading the engineering design specifications, focusing on understanding the information in the design basis, drawing specifications, fire protection design specifications, professional design, and construction specifications. Combining drafting instructions, material identification, and legends, we aid in the next step of drawing interpretation; identifying the relevant professional systems for the computer room from various professional drawings, understanding the functions and usage requirements of the computer room, and collecting detailed configuration parameters for each system; separating the drawings of each professional system within the computer room area, removing irrelevant information for computer room detailing, and verifying the location of each system through overlay drawings; setting the model's refinement level (LOD) 4.0, geometric expression accuracy (G4), and attribute information depth (N4) according to the relevant provisions of the "Building Information Modeling Design and Delivery Standard" GB / T51301 and the requirements of the detailing method; formulating integration standards for the computer room model, linking models according to the origin, setting project benchmark points, and defining modeling color standards for each professional system; creating a computer room model template file based on the above, inputting project information, drawing elevations and grids, setting pipeline systems and pipeline connection methods, configuring pipeline types, setting professional system filters, and setting professional system view templates.

[0073] S2. Real-time acquisition of changes in design parameters of structure, building and decoration. When changes in geometric parameters or fluctuations in ambient temperature exceed the corresponding thresholds are detected, compensation for related parameters is calculated based on the parameter influence factor matrix. The parameter influence factor matrix includes: the transmission coefficient of geometric parameters to pipeline stress, the load factor of equipment weight on the supporting structure and the compensation weight of temperature on material deformation. Parameter optimization schemes are generated through machine learning models, and optimization instructions are fed back to the BIM platform to achieve bidirectional model driving.

[0074] S3. Automatically generate a detailed model of the computer room based on the optimized parameters, and adopt a spatial probability collision prediction algorithm;

[0075] S4. Conduct safety hazard investigation, maintenance space reservation, construction space reservation, space utilization analysis and collaborative inspection, and further adjust the pipeline layout; at the same time, link the structural, architectural and decoration professional models, perform automated collision detection on each model and establish a hazard source identification model to predict construction safety hazards, thereby adjusting and determining the computer room detailed model scheme.

[0076] S5. Prefabricate and decompose the pipeline layout of the computer room detailed model, refine the component elements in the computer room detailed model into prefabricated parts, and match the output file of the decomposed computer room detailed model with the on-site construction team for construction.

[0077] Specifically, at the initial stage of the project, in-depth communication was conducted with the design team, construction team, owner, and other relevant parties to clarify the functional positioning, usage requirements, and future development plans of the data center. Through detailed needs assessment and analysis, it was ensured that all parties had a clear and consistent understanding of the project's goals and expected outcomes. For example, the types and quantities of equipment the data center needed to support, as well as future expansion possibilities, were clarified, providing a clear direction for subsequent design work. To ensure the consistency and accuracy of the model, establishing detailed modeling standards was crucial. These standards should cover multiple aspects, including model precision, level of detail, naming conventions, and layer settings. Regarding precision, an appropriate modeling precision was determined based on the actual needs and usage scenarios of the data center. For example, higher precision was used for critical equipment and pipelines to ensure accurate detail representation; for auxiliary elements, the precision could be appropriately reduced to improve modeling efficiency. Regarding level of detail, the elements and information that needed to be included in the model were clearly defined. For example, walls should include material and thickness information, and equipment should include model and specifications. Simultaneously, unified naming conventions and layer settings were established to facilitate subsequent model management and use. Based on the above modeling standards, a template file containing the basic elements of the data center was created. The template file should cover basic structural elements of the computer room, such as walls, floors, and ceilings, as well as auxiliary elements such as doors, windows, and stairs. During the creation process, emphasis should be placed on parametric design of elements, ensuring that each element has adjustable attributes, such as the length, height, and thickness of walls. The completed template file should be uploaded to the BIM platform to provide a unified template for subsequent model creation and detailing work, ensuring that all models maintain consistency in style and standards. Based on the design parameters, pre-detail constraints should be set for the detailed model of the computer room. These constraints are crucial guidelines during the model detailing process, ensuring that the model accurately reflects actual needs. Design parameters include geometric parameters (such as dimensions and shape), physical parameters (such as weight and material), and logical parameters (such as logical relationships between equipment). The dimensions, shape, and other geometric parameters of each piece of equipment and structure within the computer room should be clearly defined, and corresponding constraints should be set. For example, the installation location and spacing of equipment should be specified to ensure sufficient operating space and maintenance access between devices; the routing and bending radius of pipelines should be limited to avoid excessive bending or crossings. Considering the physical characteristics of equipment and structures, such as weight and material, appropriate constraints should be set. For example, the load-bearing capacity of the support structure is determined based on the weight of the equipment to ensure that the support structure can safely and reliably support the equipment; appropriate materials are selected for modeling based on their properties and characteristics, and corresponding parameters, such as material strength and thermal conductivity, are set. The logical relationships between devices, such as electrical connections and signal transmission, are analyzed, and corresponding constraints are set. For example, the wiring methods and routing of electrical equipment are specified to ensure the safety and reliability of the electrical system; the layout and connection of signal transmission equipment are optimized to reduce signal interference and loss.To ensure the data center detailed model is mutually driven by design parameters, changes in the model should be reflected in the design parameters in real time, and vice versa. This two-way driving mechanism allows designers to adjust the model promptly according to actual needs, while model changes automatically update design parameters, improving design efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, using the BIM platform, models of various systems within the data center are gradually built based on template documents and previously set constraints, including electrical, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, and fire protection systems. When building each system model, accuracy and completeness are emphasized to ensure the model accurately reflects the actual operation of the system. For example, when building the electrical system model, the routing and wiring of electrical lines are detailed, and the model and specifications of electrical equipment are labeled; when building the air conditioning system model, airflow and heat exchange processes are simulated to optimize the layout of air conditioning equipment and duct design. All system models are then integrated to form a complete data center detailed model. During integration, rigorous collision detection and coordination are conducted to ensure no conflicts or interference occur between systems. For example, check for intersections and collisions between electrical wiring and air conditioning ducts, water supply and drainage pipes, and adjust the model promptly to avoid rework and delays during construction. Simultaneously, optimize the integrated model to improve its overall performance and visualization. Through model analysis, identify potential safety hazards, such as pipeline conflicts and insufficient space. Utilize the visualization capabilities of the BIM platform to intuitively view the spatial layout and equipment installation within the computer room, identifying potential problems. For example, check whether the spacing between equipment meets operational and maintenance requirements, and whether pipelines collide with equipment or other structures. Ensure sufficient space for equipment inspection and maintenance, reserving adequate space for various operations during construction. Evaluate the space utilization efficiency within the computer room and propose optimization suggestions, such as adjusting equipment layout and optimizing pipeline routing, to improve space utilization. Collaborate with other professional models (such as structural, architectural, and interior design models) to ensure coordination and consistency between systems. During collaborative checks, professionals can communicate and exchange information in real time to jointly resolve issues in the model. For example, structural engineers can check whether the supporting structure of the computer room can meet the load requirements of the equipment and structure; architectural engineers can check whether the doors, windows, stairs, and other ancillary elements of the computer room are coordinated with the overall architectural style; and interior design engineers can check whether the wall, floor, ceiling, and other decorative elements of the computer room conflict with the installation of equipment and pipelines. Through collaborative inspection, seamless integration between the various professional models is ensured, improving the overall quality of the project. Specifically, the clash detection function of the BIM platform is used to automatically identify clash points in the model. Clash detection can cover clashes between different professional models, as well as clashes between elements within the same professional model. For example, it can detect clashes between electrical wiring and structural beams, or between water supply and drainage pipes and fire protection pipes.For detected collision points, timely recording and analysis are conducted to determine the cause and scope of impact. A hazard identification model is established to predict potential construction safety risks. Based on collision detection results and other relevant information, combined with construction experience and regulatory requirements, potential hazards such as falls from heights, electric shocks, and fires are identified. Corresponding preventative measures and emergency plans are developed for different hazards to ensure safety during construction. Furthermore, the pipeline layout in the detailed model of the machine room is prefabricated and disassembled for rapid assembly on-site. Based on factors such as pipeline type, specifications, and length, the pipelines are divided into different prefabricated components. For example, longer pipelines are divided into several segments, each connected using standard connection methods; for complex pipeline nodes, they can be designed as prefabricated modules to improve construction efficiency and quality. The component elements in the model are refined into specific prefabricated components, including detailed information such as dimensions, materials, and connection methods. Detailed processing drawings and installation instructions are generated for each prefabricated component to ensure that construction personnel can accurately understand and operate it. For example, for prefabricated pipeline components, their length, diameter, wall thickness, and other dimensional information, as well as connection methods (such as welding, threaded connections, etc.), are labeled; for prefabricated equipment supports, their material, specifications, installation location, and other information are labeled. Based on the output file of the disassembled detailed model of the equipment room, construction matching is performed with the on-site construction team. Before construction, technical briefings are conducted for construction personnel, explaining in detail the installation methods and precautions for prefabricated components. During construction, the construction progress is tracked in real time, and problems encountered are resolved promptly. Through construction matching, it is ensured that the construction process proceeds smoothly according to the model design requirements, improving construction efficiency and quality, and reducing construction errors and rework.

[0078] The method for constructing the parameter influence factor matrix in S2 includes:

[0079] (a) Establish a database of geometric parameters-structural stress mapping relationships to record the correspondence between pipeline displacement and supporting structure deformation in historical projects;

[0080] (b) Define the formula for calculating the equipment weight load factor:

[0081] η = (W×E) material ) / (A×S factor )

[0082] Where: W represents the weight of the equipment; E material Indicates the elastic modulus of the supporting material; A represents the contact area of ​​the support; S factor Indicates the safety factor;

[0083] (c) The temperature compensation weights are dynamically optimized using the stochastic gradient descent algorithm, with an optimization cycle of once every 8 hours.

[0084] Specifically, a comprehensive survey was conducted on multiple past data center construction projects to collect data related to pipe displacement and supporting structure deformation. Emphasis was placed on data from different pipe types (e.g., steel pipes, plastic pipes) under different installation environments (e.g., different floors, different building structures). Professional monitoring equipment was installed in data centers under construction or already in use to monitor pipe displacement and supporting structure deformation in real time. The monitoring frequency could be set according to actual conditions, such as recording data every hour or half hour to ensure timeliness and accuracy. The collected data was cleaned to remove obviously erroneous or abnormal data points. For example, data with abnormally large or small values ​​due to monitoring equipment malfunctions were discarded or corrected. Statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the correspondence between pipe displacement and supporting structure deformation. Methods such as scatter plots and regression analysis could be used to identify potential patterns and trends. For example, regression analysis could be used to determine the linear or nonlinear relationship between pipe displacement and supporting structure deformation. Based on factors such as pipe type, material, and installation location, the processed data was categorized and stored to construct a geometric parameter-structural stress mapping relationship library. For example, the correspondence between pipe displacement and support structure deformation under different floors and support structures is stored separately. As new projects are launched and data accumulates, the mapping database is regularly updated and improved to ensure it reflects the latest engineering realities. The calculation of the equipment weight load factor is based on mechanical principles, considering the pressure exerted by the equipment weight on the support structure and the load-bearing capacity of the support structure. The elastic modulus of the support material reflects the material's stiffness, the support contact area determines the pressure distribution, and the safety factor ensures the safety of the support structure under various working conditions. Equipment weight (W) is obtained from the equipment's technical specifications or through actual weighing. At the beginning of the project, the equipment weight can be obtained from the manufacturer's technical data based on the equipment model and specifications; after the equipment arrives, actual weighing is performed to verify and correct the data. The elastic modulus of the support material (Ematerial) is determined by consulting relevant material handbooks or through material testing. Different support materials have different elastic moduli; for example, the elastic modulus of steel differs significantly from that of wood. The support contact area (A) is determined through design drawings or on-site measurements. During the design phase, the support contact area is calculated based on equipment installation requirements and support structure design; during the construction phase, on-site measurements are conducted to ensure data accuracy. Safety factor (S) factorThe safety factor is determined based on engineering experience, relevant specifications, and standards. The value of the safety factor should comprehensively consider factors such as the operating conditions of the equipment and the importance of the supporting structure. For example, for critical equipment or important supporting structures, the safety factor can be appropriately increased. During the detailed design of the computer room, the equipment weight load factor is calculated based on the weight of the equipment, the elastic modulus of the supporting material, the contact area of ​​the support, and the safety factor. This is used to assess whether the load-bearing capacity of the supporting structure meets the requirements. The supporting structure is simulated and analyzed using finite element analysis software. The calculated equipment weight load factor is input into the model to verify whether the stress, strain, and other parameters of the supporting structure are within the safe range. Simultaneously, the accuracy of the calculation formula is verified and adjusted in conjunction with actual engineering cases. The stochastic gradient descent algorithm has good adaptability and can dynamically adjust the temperature compensation weight based on real-time collected temperature data and model feedback information to adapt to the influence of temperature changes on material deformation under different operating conditions. This algorithm has high computational efficiency and can complete the weight optimization in a short time, meeting the needs of rapid detailed design of the computer room.

[0085] Temperature sensors are installed in the computer room to collect ambient temperature data in real time. Simultaneously, data related to material deformation is collected, such as strain data of the supporting structure obtained through strain gauges. The collected temperature and material deformation data are used as inputs to construct a training dataset. The stochastic gradient descent algorithm is used to train the temperature compensation weights, continuously adjusting the weights to minimize the error between the model's predictions and the actual data. The optimization cycle is set to once every 8 hours, which ensures timely response to temperature changes while avoiding excessive optimization that would waste computational resources. Within each optimization cycle, the temperature compensation weights are updated based on newly collected data.

[0086] When establishing the detailed model of the computer room, each pipeline needs to meet the following requirements:

[0087] The equipment foundation positioning meets the maintenance space specifications, and the main pipelines of each system are laid out and drawn in a flat layout.

[0088] The main pipeline is elevated and layered;

[0089] Adjust the order of main pipelines in the same direction according to the direction of their ends;

[0090] When main pipelines in the same direction cannot be arranged at the same elevation, the elevation of main pipelines in opposite directions shall be used;

[0091] Each system's branch pipelines are drawn by climbing and bending around the main pipeline as the center;

[0092] Adjust and optimize pipeline routes in areas where there are conflicts or collisions between local pipelines.

[0093] It is worth noting that the layout requirements followed when establishing the detailed model of the computer room are as follows: 10cm spacing between busbars and cable trays in the same row; 20cm spacing between two layers of cable trays and busbars; greater than 10cm spacing between the outer sides of pipes; the larger the pipe size, the greater the spacing can be (up to 15cm); 30cm spacing between ducts and horizontal pipelines; 15cm spacing between ducts and vertical pipelines; pipelines running side-by-side should ideally not exceed 1500cm; if pipelines running side-by-side exceed 1500cm, additional hangers should be added to the supports. The layout principles followed when establishing the detailed model of the computer room are: branch pipelines should avoid main pipelines and pressurized pipelines. Avoid unpressurized pipelines; power cable trays should avoid water system pipelines; water system pipelines should avoid ventilation system pipelines; pipelines should avoid system equipment locations. When power cable trays and water system pipelines do not meet the requirements for same-floor layout, the power system should be above the water system, and high-voltage lines should be above low-voltage lines. Other relevant national and industry standards and specifications should be followed. Areas where multiple professional systems and pipelines intersect should be classified as dense areas. When adjusting local pipelines, priority should be given to deepening the layout of dense areas, and the layout principles should be strictly followed during the deepening process. If the local layout cannot meet the clearance requirements, the pipeline position and pipeline spacing can be adjusted. If the requirements still cannot be met, the pipeline dimensions can be changed after confirmation with the design unit, but the original design purpose must not be altered. For example, if the machine room requires an air volume Q, the following formula can be used: Q = V × A, where V is the air velocity provided by the fan, and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the duct. When the air volume Q and air velocity V remain constant, the cross-sectional area A of the duct should also not be changed. This calculation method is for reference only; in actual calculations, the air velocity V may be affected by changes in the cross-sectional shape. When handling pipelines at heights and bends, the bend angle should ideally be 45 degrees to reduce fluid pressure loss. If this angle cannot be met, a 90-degree bend should be used. Spatial analysis should be conducted, and interactive walkthroughs of the structural, architectural, and decorative models should be created to observe the machine room's net dimensions, calculate the minimum requirements for the pipeline layout of each system, and determine the elevation of the main pipeline. When considering the elevation of the main pipeline, space should be reserved for systems such as sprinkler branch pipes and power cable trays.

[0094] S4 includes:

[0095] Link the detailed model of the computer room with the structural, architectural and decoration professional models to enable accurate collaborative inspection and collision detection; at the same time, import data related to safety hazard investigation and spatial analysis into the BIM platform as a reference for subsequent analysis.

[0096] Set rules for identifying security risks, and automatically check the detailed model of the computer room according to the set rules. For parts that do not comply with the security rules, the system marks them and generates a report.

[0097] Analyze the various equipment in the computer room to determine the space required for its inspection and maintenance and the operating range. Understand the construction process and methods of the computer room and determine the operating space and material storage space required during the construction process. Simulate the inspection, maintenance and construction process of the equipment in the computer room detailed model. Check whether the reserved inspection and maintenance space and construction space in the computer room detailed model are sufficient. For areas with insufficient space, make timely adjustments.

[0098] Based on the functional requirements and usage needs of the computer room, the spatial area and volume of each area are analyzed and evaluated to assess the space utilization rate, identify areas of wasted space, and propose optimization suggestions.

[0099] Collision detection rules are set, including hard collision rules and soft collision rules; the collision detection function is run to perform comprehensive collision detection between the data center detailed model and the structural, architectural and decoration professional models, as well as between various systems within the data center model. A spatial probability collision prediction algorithm is used to predict potential entity interference during the construction phase. When the collision risk value > R max Automatically generate pipeline detour paths and equipment displacement plans;

[0100] The implementation methods of the spatial probability collision prediction algorithm include:

[0101] The BIM model is discretized into a three-dimensional voxel mesh with a precision of 0.5 mm;

[0102] Label the attribute set for each voxel: {material type, load-bearing capacity, coefficient of thermal expansion};

[0103] Calculate the dynamic envelope space during the construction phase:

[0104] D envelope = D design ×(1 + K temp ×ΔT)×(1 + K load ×ΔP)

[0105] When the envelope spaces of adjacent voxels overlap, they are marked as high-risk collision regions;

[0106] The BIM model is discretized into a 3D voxel mesh with a precision of 0.5mm. Choosing a precision of 0.5mm ensures computational efficiency while capturing sufficiently fine model details to meet the high-precision requirements for spatial collision detection in computer room construction. A uniform mesh generation method is used to divide the entire BIM model space into cubic voxels. Each voxel has a size of 0.5mm × 0.5mm × 0.5mm, ensuring that all elements in the model can be accurately discretized. Using professional BIM software or algorithm tools, the geometric information in the BIM model is converted into a voxel mesh representation. This process requires handling curved surfaces and complex shapes of the model to ensure that the converted voxel mesh accurately reflects the geometric features of the original model. The discretized voxel mesh data is stored in an efficient storage structure for subsequent attribute annotation and collision detection operations. Data structures such as sparse matrices or octrees can be used to optimize storage and access efficiency. The material type represented by each voxel is labeled, such as concrete, steel, plastic, and cable. Material type information is crucial for subsequent thermal expansion calculations and load-bearing analysis. According to design specifications and material properties, the load-bearing capacity of voxels is marked. The load-bearing capacity reflects the structural bearing capacity of the voxel's location and is used to assess the possibility of structural failure due to excessive load during construction. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the material is marked; this parameter is used to calculate the material's deformation under temperature changes, thereby predicting the risk of spatial collisions caused by temperature variations. Using existing material information in the BIM model, an algorithm automatically marks the material type and coefficient of thermal expansion for each voxel. For complex structures or special materials, manual review can be combined to ensure the accuracy of the markings. The load-bearing capacity of each voxel is calculated based on structural design drawings and mechanical analysis results. The structure can be subjected to stress analysis using finite element analysis software, and the analysis results can be mapped onto the voxel mesh to determine the load-bearing capacity. When calculating the envelope space, the design dimensions of each component are obtained from the BIM model. During construction, the temperature change ΔT and load change ΔP are collected in real time. This data can be obtained through sensor networks or manual recording. The dynamic envelope space D of each component is calculated according to the formula. envelopeThis reflects the potential dimensional changes in components due to temperature and load variations during the construction phase. The discretized voxel mesh is traversed to check for overlap in the envelope spaces of adjacent voxels. Adjacent voxels can be six-sided adjacent (top, bottom, left, right, front, back) or a broader neighborhood, determined based on the accuracy requirements of the collision detection. A potential collision risk exists when the projections of the envelope spaces of two adjacent voxels overlap in any direction. Collision risk levels are classified based on the degree of overlap and its potential consequences. For example, slight overlap is marked as low risk, while severe overlap or overlap of critical components is marked as high risk. High-risk collision areas are visually displayed in the BIM model using different colors or marking methods. For example, high-risk areas are marked in red, medium-risk areas in yellow, and low-risk areas in green. A collision detection report is generated, detailing the location of high-risk areas, the components involved, and the risk level, providing a basis for construction management and design optimization.

[0107] Based on data related to hazards present during the construction and operation of the computer room, a hazard identification model is constructed. The hazard identification model predicts the existence of hazards, including electrical system hazards, piping system hazards, equipment installation and operation hazards, and environmental factor hazards.

[0108] Based on the results of safety hazard investigation, spatial analysis, and collision detection, the pipeline layout is adjusted. The adjusted pipeline layout scheme is simulated and evaluated to check whether it meets the requirements of safety, maintenance, construction, and space utilization, and to determine the detailed model scheme of the computer room.

[0109] Specifically, the detailed model of the computer room is linked with structural, architectural, and interior decoration models to achieve collaborative design among multiple disciplines. Data related to safety hazard identification and spatial analysis is imported into the BIM platform to provide a foundation for subsequent analysis. Rules for safety hazard identification are established based on computer room design standards and safety specifications. The automated inspection function of the BIM platform is used to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the detailed computer room model, marking areas that do not comply with safety rules and generating reports. Collision detection rules are set, including hard collisions (direct physical collisions) and soft collisions (such as spatial conflicts, insufficient operating space, etc.). The collision detection function is run to perform comprehensive collision detection between the detailed computer room model and other professional models, as well as between various systems within the computer room, generating collision detection reports. The spatial area and volume of each area within the computer room are determined. Based on the functional requirements and usage requirements of the computer room, space utilization is analyzed and evaluated to identify areas of wasted space and propose optimization suggestions. The various equipment within the computer room is analyzed to determine the space required for its maintenance and operation. The detailed model of the computer room simulates the equipment inspection, maintenance, and construction processes, checking whether the reserved maintenance and construction spaces are sufficient, and adjusting areas with insufficient space. In hazard identification, a hazard identification model is constructed based on data related to hazards present during the construction and operation of the computer room. This model predicts potential hazards in the computer room, including electrical system hazards, piping system hazards, equipment installation and operation hazards, and environmental hazards. Based on the results of safety hazard investigation, space analysis, and collision detection, the pipeline layout is adjusted. The adjusted pipeline layout is simulated and evaluated to check whether it meets the requirements for safety, maintenance, construction, and space utilization. Based on the above analysis, the final detailed model scheme for the computer room is determined.

[0110] It is worth noting that the pipeline layout, equipment location, and end-point locations in the detailed model of the computer room need to be checked to ensure they meet the requirements, current standard specifications, and other requirements. For example, the net distance between light fixtures and sprinkler heads should be greater than 0.3m, the pipe length connecting the hydraulic alarm bell and alarm valve should not exceed 20m, and vibration-damping supports should be used in the pump room and water tank room. Space should be reserved for construction, later maintenance, and operation. For example, space should be reserved for insulation layers and their installation for pipes requiring insulation; space should be reserved for easy reading of water meters and electricity meters; and space should be reserved on both sides of cable trays and pipes for cable laying and maintenance. The lowest elevation of each professional system pipeline in the computer room should be reviewed to check whether there is room for optimization by raising the elevation and compressing the layout, further improving space utilization. An interactive walkthrough effect should be created, allowing users to manipulate a character's perspective to walk and observe the entire route within the computer room model.

[0111] S5 includes:

[0112] The computer room's detailed model of pipelines and equipment is prefabricated, components are coded, and the computer room construction is simulated in 3D.

[0113] Each prefabricated component has a unique and corresponding code. The assembly process of the prefabricated component is simulated and pre-run, and an installation flowchart is output according to the code.

[0114] During the manufacturing process, information is recorded for each prefabricated component, including detailed dimensions, component weight, connection method, installation location, and code.

[0115] Specifically, based on the detailed model of the computer room, the pipeline equipment is rationally prefabricated and broken down. The complex pipeline system is broken down into prefabricated components that are easy to manufacture, transport, and install. Each prefabricated component is assigned a unique and corresponding code. This code will be used to identify key information such as the component's identity, origin, and purpose, ensuring accurate identification and management during subsequent production, transportation, and installation. The assembly process of the prefabricated components is simulated and rehearsed using the 3D simulation function of the BIM platform. This helps to identify potential assembly problems, optimize the assembly sequence, and improve assembly efficiency. Based on the simulation results, detailed installation flowcharts are output according to the codes. The flowcharts will guide construction personnel to accurately install the prefabricated components on site. During the processing and production process, detailed information is recorded for each prefabricated component. This information includes, but is not limited to, the component's detailed dimensions, weight, connection method, installation location, and code. Using the BIM platform or other information management systems, the above information is integrated into a unified database. This allows construction personnel to query and access the necessary information at any time, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0116] Therefore, through prefabrication, decomposition, coding, simulation, and information recording during the processing and production process, a seamless transition from the detailed design of the computer room to actual construction was achieved.

[0117] It is worth noting that the 3D visualization and refinement platform based on BIM technology is used for the prefabrication and disassembly of pipelines and equipment in the data center model, coding of prefabricated components, and 3D simulation of the entire data center construction process. The disassembly follows the principle of "few specifications, many combinations," assessing the suitability of prefabricated component specifications. This includes disassembly between different pipeline elevations and the integrated disassembly of integrated supports and hangers. Control of separation surfaces at pipeline bends and corners reduces the number of on-site assembly operations. Control of separation surfaces in some construction processes is also considered, such as the disassembly at joints requiring waterproofing versus those not requiring it. Standardized production of prefabricated components is taken into account to reduce costs and increase efficiency, transportation limitations to the site, entrance dimensions to the data center, and on-site lifting and installation requirements. All prefabricated components are coded, with each component corresponding to a unique code. The 3D simulation of the prefabricated component assembly process generates an installation flowchart based on the code. During processing and production, detailed information is recorded for each prefabricated component, including detailed dimensions, component weight, connection method, installation location, and code. Detailed drawings of the computer room's floor plan, elevation, and section, as well as complex node details and 3D display nodes, are created within the model. A detailed model handover meeting is organized based on the computer room's detailed model, utilizing the BIM model for interaction and display of detailed drawings and nodes. Participants raise questions and engage in discussion and analysis. Detailed drawings, 3D models, renderings, construction simulation videos, and walkthrough animations are placed in a QR code link; mobile devices can scan the QR code to display this information. The QR code is posted at the construction site, allowing workers to obtain the detailed information and collaborate on construction by scanning the posted QR code.

[0118] Among them, the main pipeline is laid out in a flat layout, with the main pipeline laid out in the shortest distance, and the main pipelines in the same direction share the same support brackets; when the main pipeline is raised and layered, due to the limited space in the computer room, two elevations are generally required, and at most no more than three; the pipeline layering can adopt a unified elevation in the north-south direction and a unified elevation in the east-west direction to achieve the same elevation in the same direction. Under normal circumstances, the main pipeline only needs to be raised once at the bend when using this layering method; the elevation of the branch pipeline can be the same as the elevation of the main pipeline, or a similar elevation.

[0119] The identification of hazards in the electrical system includes:

[0120] When two wires with different potentials are less than the safety threshold in the model and lack effective insulation protection, they are identified as having a short circuit risk.

[0121] If the total power of the equipment connected to a certain line exceeds the rated carrying capacity of that line, it is identified as an overload hazard.

[0122] Electrical equipment that is not properly connected to the grounding system in the model, or whose grounding resistance value exceeds the specified range, is identified as a potential grounding hazard.

[0123] Specifically, the BIM model checks the distance between two wires at different potentials. If this distance is less than a preset safety threshold and the wires lack effective insulation, the system identifies a short-circuit risk. Simultaneously, the system checks the integrity and effectiveness of the insulation material around the wires to ensure electrical isolation and prevent short circuits even when the wires are close together. It also calculates the total power of the equipment connected to each line and compares it to the line's rated power capacity. If the total power of the equipment exceeds the line's rated power capacity, the system identifies it as an overload hazard. After identifying an overload hazard, the system can provide suggestions such as increasing line capacity, redistributing equipment load, or upgrading electrical equipment to eliminate the overload risk. The BIM model checks whether electrical equipment is correctly connected to the grounding system. If equipment is not grounded or the grounding method does not comply with regulations, the system identifies it as a grounding hazard. The system also analyzes whether the grounding resistance value is within the specified range. If the grounding resistance value exceeds the specified range, it is also identified as a grounding hazard. After identifying a grounding hazard, the system can provide improvement suggestions such as increasing the number of grounding electrodes, optimizing the grounding electrode layout, or reducing the grounding resistance value to ensure the grounding safety of electrical equipment.

[0124] The identification of hazards in the pipeline system includes:

[0125] Based on the material and specifications of the pipeline, a pressure threshold is set. When the pressure inside the pipeline simulated by the model exceeds the pressure threshold, it is identified as a pressure over-limit hazard.

[0126] If the sealing measures at the pipe joints are not up to standard, the pipes have cracks and holes, and the surrounding environment contains flammable, explosive, or toxic substances, these are identified as sources of leakage risk.

[0127] For pipelines transporting high-temperature or low-temperature media, if the model shows that the surface temperature exceeds the normal operating range, it may cause problems such as burns and freezing, and is identified as a source of abnormal temperature hazard.

[0128] Specifically, a reasonable pressure threshold is set for each pipeline based on its material, specifications, and design standards. This threshold represents the maximum pressure the pipeline can withstand under normal operating conditions. Using a BIM model, pressure changes within the pipeline are simulated, and the pressure values ​​are monitored in real time. When the simulated pressure exceeds the set pressure threshold, the system automatically identifies it as a pressure over-limit hazard. Once identified, the system immediately issues a risk warning and recommends pressure-reducing measures, such as adjusting valve openings or adding pressure-reducing devices, to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline system. The sealing measures at pipeline connections are carefully checked in the BIM model to ensure they meet requirements. This includes checking the material, specifications, and installation method of the gaskets. If the sealing measures do not meet requirements, the system identifies them as potential leakage sources. Simultaneously, the BIM model is used to detect pipeline defects. This includes checking for defects such as cracks and holes. If these defects exist, and the surrounding environment contains flammable, explosive, or toxic substances, the system identifies them as leakage sources. For identified leakage sources, the system recommends preventative measures, such as strengthening sealing measures and repairing pipeline defects. Simultaneously, it provides leakage emergency response plans to ensure a rapid and effective response in the event of a leak. For pipelines transporting high-temperature or low-temperature media, a reasonable temperature range is set based on the characteristics of the media, as well as the pipeline's material and design standards. This range represents the temperature range the pipeline can withstand under normal operating conditions. Using a BIM model, the system simulates temperature changes on the pipeline surface and monitors the temperature values ​​in real time. If the model shows that the pipeline surface temperature exceeds the normal operating range, the system will identify it as a temperature anomaly hazard. For identified temperature anomalies, the system will recommend risk management measures, such as adjusting the media temperature and strengthening pipeline insulation. It also provides emergency response plans for burns, freezing, and other problems to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline system.

[0129] The identification of hazards in the installation and operation of the equipment includes:

[0130] The way the equipment is fixed in the model does not conform to the installation specifications, or the strength of the supporting structure is insufficient to support the weight of the equipment, which is identified as a source of unstable installation hazard.

[0131] The operating space around the equipment is less than the prescribed safe distance, which affects the normal operation and emergency response of the operators and is identified as a potential hazard of insufficient operating space.

[0132] If the maintenance access to the equipment is blocked by an object, or the width of the access is less than the specified value, it is identified as a hazard source of obstruction in the maintenance access.

[0133] Specifically, the BIM model checks whether the equipment's fixing methods comply with installation specifications, including checking the material, specifications, quantity, and installation method of the fasteners. If the fixing method does not comply with the specifications, or the strength of the supporting structure is insufficient to bear the weight of the equipment, the system will identify it as a source of installation instability hazard. Simultaneously, the strength of the supporting structure is assessed. Using the simulation function of the BIM model, the stress conditions of the equipment under normal operating conditions are simulated, and the system assesses whether the supporting structure can withstand these forces. If the strength of the supporting structure is insufficient, the system will also identify it as a source of installation instability hazard. The BIM model measures the operating space around the equipment and compares it to the specified safety distance. If the operating space is less than the specified safety distance, the system will identify it as a potential hazard of insufficient operating space. To more accurately assess whether the operating space is sufficient, operator simulation can also be used in the BIM model. By simulating the activities of operators around the equipment, it is possible to visually see whether the operating space meets the operational requirements. The BIM model checks whether the maintenance passage leading to the equipment is blocked by objects or whether the passage width is less than the specified value. If these problems exist, the system will identify them as a source of maintenance passage obstruction hazard. To ensure unobstructed access during maintenance, we also measure the width of the passageway and compare it to a specified value. If the passageway width is insufficient, the system will suggest measures such as widening the passageway or removing obstacles.

[0134] The identification of environmental hazard sources includes:

[0135] The ventilation system in the computer room cannot meet the specified ventilation requirements in the model, resulting in the accumulation of harmful gases or excessively high temperatures, which is identified as a hazard source of poor ventilation.

[0136] When the humidity in the computer room exceeds the range allowed for normal equipment operation, affecting the performance and lifespan of the equipment, it is identified as a potential hazard due to abnormal humidity.

[0137] If there are flammable materials in the computer room and the distance from a fire source is less than the safe distance, or if there is a lack of effective fire prevention measures, it is identified as a fire hazard.

[0138] Specifically, firstly, reasonable ventilation requirements need to be set based on the heat dissipation needs of the equipment in the computer room, the heat generated by personnel activities, and the emission of harmful gases. Then, the ventilation system of the computer room is simulated and analyzed using a BIM model to check whether it can meet these requirements. If the model shows that the ventilation system cannot meet the specified ventilation requirements, further analysis of the accumulation of harmful gases and temperature distribution in the computer room is needed. If the concentration of harmful gases exceeds the standard or the temperature is too high, the system will identify it as a source of poor ventilation. For sources of poor ventilation, the system will propose improvement suggestions, such as adding ventilation equipment, optimizing the ventilation layout, and improving ventilation efficiency, to ensure air circulation and a suitable temperature in the computer room. The normal operation of the equipment in the computer room requires maintaining a certain humidity range. A reasonable humidity range is set based on the performance requirements of the equipment and the actual conditions of the computer room. The environmental monitoring function in the BIM model is used to monitor the humidity in the computer room in real time and compare it with the set humidity range. If the humidity exceeds the allowable range, the system will identify it as a potential humidity anomaly. To address potential humidity issues, the system will recommend control measures, such as adding dehumidifiers, adjusting the humidification system, and optimizing the server room layout, to maintain stable humidity levels. The BIM model will detail the types, quantities, and locations of flammable materials within the server room, and check that their distance from fire sources (such as electrical equipment and wiring) is within safe limits. Simultaneously, the system will assess the adequacy of fire prevention measures, including the configuration of fire-fighting equipment, the establishment of fire escape routes, and the division of firebreaks. If the model indicates that flammable materials are too close to fire sources or lack effective fire prevention measures, the system will identify this as a fire hazard and issue a risk warning. The system will then provide recommendations for countermeasures, such as adding fire-fighting equipment, optimizing the fire prevention layout, and strengthening personnel training, to reduce the probability and severity of fires.

[0139] See Figure 2 A rapid data center detailing system based on BIM technology, characterized in that it includes:

[0140] The standard setting module clarifies the design concept and purpose, sets modeling standards and detail accuracy, outputs a sample file of the computer room model, and integrates it into the BIM platform database.

[0141] The parameter specification module combines the design parameters of structure, architecture and decoration to set the pre-constraints of the computer room detailed model, generates parameter optimization schemes through machine learning models, and feeds the optimization instructions back to the BIM platform to realize bidirectional model driving.

[0142] The data center system model building module automatically generates a detailed data center model based on optimized parameters.

[0143] The model analysis module performs safety hazard investigation, maintenance space reservation, construction space reservation, space utilization analysis, and collaborative inspection on the data center detailed model, and links with professional models for automated collision detection;

[0144] Hazard identification model: Identifies various hazards in the construction and operation of the computer room, predicts potential safety risks during construction, adjusts pipeline layout based on analysis results, and outputs an optimized computer room detailed model solution;

[0145] The component prefabrication module prefabricates and decomposes the pipeline layout of the computer room detailed model, refines the component elements into prefabricated components, assigns a unique code to each prefabricated component, and outputs a list of prefabricated components and an installation flowchart.

[0146] The construction management module outputs the detailed model of the split computer room, matches it with the on-site construction team, records detailed information of each prefabricated component, and outputs the construction matching plan and component information record.

[0147] Specifically, the design concept and objectives are clearly defined, and unified modeling standards and detail precision are established to ensure that all participants have a consistent understanding and use of the data center model. A template file for the data center model is output, serving as the basis for subsequent modeling and integrated into the BIM platform database for easy management and reuse. Pre-constraints, such as dimensions, materials, and performance, are set for the detailed data center model based on structural, architectural, and interior design parameters. A data center detailed model foundation with constraints is output; these constraints will guide subsequent modeling work, achieving bidirectional driving between the detailed model and design parameters. Based on the template file and constraints, models of various systems within the data center (such as electrical, HVAC, and plumbing) are built using the BIM platform. A complete detailed data center model is output, containing detailed information on all systems within the data center, providing a foundation for subsequent analysis and optimization. The detailed data center model undergoes multifaceted analysis, including safety hazard identification, maintenance space reservation, construction space reservation, space utilization analysis, and collaborative checks. Automated clash detection is performed by linking professional models to promptly identify and resolve design conflicts and errors. Identify various hazards during the construction and operation of the data center, such as electrical fires, mechanical injuries, and chemical leaks. Adjust pipeline layout based on the analysis results, outputting an optimized detailed data center model to reduce safety risks during construction and operation. Decompose the pipeline layout of the detailed data center model into prefabricated components, breaking down complex structural elements into easily manufactured and installed prefabricated parts. Assign a unique code to each prefabricated component, outputting a list of prefabricated components and an installation flowchart for easy production, transportation, and installation. Match the output files of the decomposed detailed data center model with the on-site construction team to ensure accuracy and efficiency during construction. Record detailed information for each prefabricated component, outputting a construction matching plan and component information records for construction management and quality control.

[0148] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A method for rapid deepening of a machine room based on BIM technology, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1. According to the design purpose of the machine room system drawing, set the modeling standard and deepening precision, create a machine room model template file containing the correlation of parameterized components, and integrate it into the BIM platform database, wherein the parameterized components are associated with geometric constraints, physical properties and construction logic rules; S2. Real-time collection of design parameter changes of structure, building and decoration, when the geometric parameter change or environmental temperature fluctuation exceeds the corresponding threshold, calculate the associated parameter compensation based on the parameter influence factor matrix, the parameter influence factor matrix includes: geometric parameter transmission coefficient of pipeline stress, load factor of equipment weight on supporting structure and compensation weight of temperature on material deformation; generate parameter optimization scheme through machine learning model, and feed back the optimization instruction to BIM platform to realize model bidirectional driving; S3. Automatically generate machine room deepening model based on optimized parameters; S4. Carry out safety hazard investigation, maintenance space reservation, construction space reservation, space utilization analysis and collaborative inspection, further adjust the arrangement of pipelines; at the same time, link the structure, building and decoration professional models, automatically detect the collision of each model and establish a hazard source identification model to predict the construction safety hazards, so as to adjust and determine the machine room deepening model scheme; S5. The pipeline arrangement of the machine room deepening model is precast and split, the component graph in the machine room deepening model is deepened into prefabricated parts, and the output file of the split machine room deepening model is matched with the construction team on site.

2. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the construction method of parameter influence factor matrix comprises: (a) Establish a geometric parameter-structure stress mapping relationship library to record the corresponding relationship between pipeline displacement and supporting structure deformation in historical projects; (b) defining a device weight load factor calculation: η = (W x E material ) / (A x S factor ) Where: W represents the weight of the equipment; E material represents the modulus of elasticity of the support material; A represents the support contact area; S factor represents the safety factor; (c) Dynamic optimization of temperature compensation weight by using stochastic gradient descent algorithm, and the optimization period is every 8 hours.

3. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the machine room deepening model is established, each pipeline needs to meet: The equipment foundation positioning meets the maintenance space specification, and the comprehensive arrangement of each system main pipeline is flatly drawn; The main pipeline is layered; According to the end of the main pipeline, adjust the arrangement order of the same direction main pipeline; When the same direction main pipeline cannot be arranged at the same elevation, the elevation of the opposite direction main pipeline is used; Each system branch pipeline is drawn as the center of the main pipeline; Adjust and optimize the pipeline route for the area where local pipeline exists conflict and collision.

4. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 comprises: Link the machine room deepening model with the structure, building and decoration professional models to accurately perform collaborative inspection and collision detection; At the same time, import the data related to safety hazard investigation and space analysis into the BIM platform as a reference for subsequent analysis; Set the rules for safety hazard investigation, and automatically check the machine room deepening model according to the set rules, and mark and generate a report for the parts that do not meet the safety rules; analyzing various equipment in the machine room, determining the space size and operation range required for maintenance, understanding the process flow and construction method of the machine room construction, determining the operation space and material storage space required during the construction process, simulating the maintenance and construction process of the equipment in the machine room deepening model, checking whether the maintenance and construction space reserved in the machine room deepening model is sufficient, and adjusting the space in time if the space is insufficient; calculating the space area and volume of each area in the computer room, analyzing and evaluating the space utilization according to the functional requirements and use requirements of the computer room, finding out the space waste area, and putting forward optimization suggestions; collision detection rules are set, including hard collision rules and soft collision rules; Running the collision detection function, the machine room deepening model and structure, building and decoration model between the professional model and the machine room model inside each system carries on the comprehensive collision detection, adopts the space probability collision prediction algorithm, the entity interference that can occur in the construction stage is judged in advance, when the collision risk value>R max The pipeline bypass path and equipment displacement scheme are automatically generated when the collision risk value>R The implementation method of the space probability collision prediction algorithm comprises the following steps: discretizing the BIM model into a three-dimensional voxel grid with a precision of 0.5 mm; Label the attribute set of each voxel: {material type, bearing grade, thermal expansion coefficient}; Calculate the dynamic envelope space in the construction stage: D envelope =D design ×(1+K temp ×ΔT)×(1+K load ×ΔP) wherein R max represents a pre-set collision risk threshold; D design represents a design phase static envelope space dimension; K temp represents a weight factor related to thermal expansion coefficient; ΔT represents a temperature change amount compared to the design phase; Kload represents a load-related influence factor; ΔP represents a load change amount compared to the design phase; When the adjacent voxel envelope spaces overlap, mark it as a high-risk collision area; according to the data related to the existing dangerous sources in the construction and operation process of the machine room, a dangerous source identification model is constructed, which predicts the existing dangerous sources, including electrical system dangerous sources, pipeline system dangerous sources, equipment installation and operation dangerous sources, and environmental factor dangerous sources; According to the results of safety hazard investigation, space analysis and collision detection, the arrangement of the pipeline is adjusted, the adjusted pipeline arrangement scheme is simulated and evaluated, and whether it meets the requirements of safety, maintenance, construction and space utilization is checked, and the machine room deepening model scheme is determined.

5. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S5 comprises: The machine room deepening model pipeline equipment is pre-processed, the pre-processed components are coded, and the three-dimensional simulation pre-rehearsal machine room construction is simulated; The pre-processed components have unique and corresponding codes, the assembly process of the pre-processed components is simulated, and the installation flowchart is output according to the code; During the processing and production process, information of each pre-processed component is recorded, including detailed dimensions, component weight, connection method, installation position and code.

6. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The identification of the electrical system dangerous source comprises: When two wires of different potentials are less than the safety threshold in the model and lack effective insulation protection, it is identified as a short circuit risk; If the total power of the connected equipment of a certain line exceeds the rated carrying capacity of the line, it is identified as an overload dangerous source; If the electrical equipment is not correctly connected to the grounding system in the model, or the grounding resistance value exceeds the specified range, it is identified as a poor grounding hazard.

7. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The identification of the pipeline system dangerous source comprises: According to the material and specification of the pipeline, set its pressure threshold, when the model simulates the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the pressure threshold, identify it as a pressure overrun dangerous source; If the sealing measures at the pipeline connection do not meet the requirements, the pipeline has cracks and hole defects, and the surrounding environment contains flammable, explosive or toxic substances, it is identified as a leakage risk source; For pipelines conveying high-temperature or low-temperature medium, if the model shows that the surface temperature exceeds the normal working range, it may cause burns, freezing and other problems, and it is identified as a temperature abnormal dangerous source.

8. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The identification of the equipment installation and operation dangerous source comprises: The equipment in the model is not fixed in accordance with the installation specification, or the strength of the support structure is insufficient to bear the weight of the equipment, which is identified as an unstable installation hazard source; The operation space around the equipment is smaller than the specified safety distance, affecting the normal operation and emergency treatment of the operating personnel, which is identified as an insufficient operation space hidden danger; The maintenance channel to the equipment is blocked by objects, or the channel width is less than the specified value, which is identified as a maintenance channel blockage hazard source.

9. The BIM technology-based machine room rapid deepening method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The identification of the environmental factor hazard source includes: The ventilation system in the machine room cannot meet the specified ventilation requirement in the model, causing harmful gas accumulation or excessive temperature, which is identified as a poor ventilation hazard source; When the humidity in the machine room exceeds the range allowed for normal operation of the equipment, affecting the performance and service life of the equipment, it is identified as a humidity anomaly hidden danger; There are flammable materials in the machine room, and the distance from the fire source is less than the safety distance, or there is a lack of effective fire prevention measures, which is identified as a fire risk source.

10. A machine room rapid deepening system based on BIM technology, characterized in that, The method comprises: A standard setting module is used to set modeling standards and deepening precision according to the design purpose of the machine room system drawing, output a machine room model template file, and integrate it into the BIM platform database; A parameter convention module is used to set the pre-condition of the machine room deepening model in combination with the design parameters of structure, building and decoration, generate a parameter optimization scheme through a machine learning model, and feed back the optimization instruction to the BIM platform to realize bidirectional driving of the model; A machine room system model establishment module is used to automatically generate a machine room deepening model based on the optimized parameters; A model analysis module is used to analyze the machine room deepening model, check for safety hazards, reserve maintenance and construction spaces, analyze space utilization rate, and perform collaborative inspection, and link professional models for automatic collision detection; A hazard source identification model is used to identify various hazard sources existing in the machine room construction and operation process, predict construction safety hazards, adjust the pipeline arrangement according to the analysis result, and output an optimized machine room deepening model scheme; A component prefabrication module is used to prefabricate and split the pipeline arrangement of the machine room deepening model, deepen the component graph element into a prefabricated component, and assign a unique code to each prefabricated component, and output a prefabricated component list and an installation flowchart; A construction management module is used to output files according to the split machine room deepening model, match with the site construction team, record the detailed information of each prefabricated component, and output a construction matching plan and component information record.

Images