Building decoration modeling method and system based on BIM

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building design, and particularly relates to a BIM-based building decoration modeling method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the geometric morphology and material distribution of an old building through three-dimensional scanning, generating a point cloud set with coordinates, and building a geometric model for marking a material type and a damage region. And extracting volume and bearing capacity data of the recyclable material based on the model, constructing a material attribute database, and screening a matching material according to a new design requirement. A configuration scheme is generated by adjusting the arrangement direction and the connection mode, and force checking is carried out to ensure the structure safety and improve the feasibility and safety of the design scheme, so that the problem of inaccurate reutilization evaluation of old building materials is effectively solved, the material utilization rate and the construction quality are remarkably improved, and resource saving and environmental protection are promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of architectural design, and particularly relates to a building decoration modeling method and system based on BIM. BACKGROUND

[0002] In traditional building decoration engineering, the reconstruction of old buildings relies on manual survey and experience judgment, and lacks systematic evaluation means for the reuse of original building materials. The existing technology determines the range of recyclable materials through simple visual inspection or drawing comparison, and cannot accurately obtain the spatial form and material distribution of building components, resulting in low material utilization rate, large construction error, design and actual disconnection and other problems.

[0003] Some improvement schemes in the prior art introduce digital modeling means, such as using CAD software for two-dimensional or three-dimensional modeling, but due to the lack of high-precision collection and integration mechanism of real building data, the comprehensive analysis of material performance and spatial adaptability cannot be realized, which restricts the effective reuse of old building materials in new decoration schemes. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a building decoration modeling method and system based on BIM, which effectively solves the problem of inaccurate evaluation of old building material reuse, significantly improves the material utilization rate and construction quality, and promotes resource conservation and environmental protection.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a building decoration modeling method based on BIM, comprising the following steps: Obtain the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building by a three-dimensional scanning device, generate a point cloud set with coordinate information, import the point cloud set into a three-dimensional modeling platform, establish a geometric model combined with the size parameters of the building component, and label the material type and damage area; Extract the volume and bearing capacity data of recyclable materials based on the geometric model, generate a material attribute database, and filter matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material attribute database according to the geometric constraint conditions of the target decoration area; Generate a preliminary decoration configuration scheme by adjusting the arrangement direction and connection mode of the matching materials, perform mechanical property checking on the preliminary decoration configuration scheme, and verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards; Optimize the preliminary decoration configuration scheme according to the checking results, adjust the material combination ratio and installation path, and output the visual model and construction guidance document after optimization.

[0006] Preferably, the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building are obtained by a three-dimensional scanning device to generate a point cloud set with coordinate information, which includes: A plurality of scanning stations are arranged inside the target building, and a laser scanner is used to collect spatial coordinates and surface reflection intensity information at each view angle to form an initial point set; The initial point set is subjected to denoising processing, and abnormal points with a distance deviation exceeding a set threshold are removed, and valid spatial sampling points are retained; The valid spatial sampling points are grid-divided according to spatial coordinates, and a center point in each grid is taken as a representative point to obtain a simplified point cloud set; The surface reflection intensity information is compared with a pre-set material spectrum feature library to identify the material category corresponding to each point and label it in the point cloud set.

[0007] Preferably, the point cloud set is imported into a three-dimensional modeling platform, and a geometric model is established in combination with the size parameters of the building components, and the material type and damage area are labeled, including: The point cloud set is imported into a three-dimensional modeling software, a coordinate system is set to align the reference surface, and the distribution range of wall, beam, column and floor components is identified; The standard size of the building component is extracted according to the design drawing, and is matched with the actual contour in the point cloud to determine the spatial positioning of each component; Based on the information of spatial positioning, an entity bounding box is constructed, the point cloud data is mapped to the inside of the entity, and a geometric body with a material label is generated; The relationship between the height change and the horizontal distance between adjacent points is calculated, and when the ratio is greater than a set threshold, it is marked as a potential damage area.

[0008] Preferably, based on the geometric model, the volume and carrying capacity data of the recyclable materials are extracted to generate a material attribute database, including: The component entities of different material types are separated from the geometric model, and the number of space grids occupied by each entity is counted; The total available volume is calculated according to the volume of a single space grid and the number of space grids; The overall carrying capacity is calculated in combination with the unit volume carrying performance corresponding to the material category; The total available volume, overall carrying capacity and corresponding material type are stored in a structured table to form a material attribute database.

[0009] Preferably, the geometric constraint conditions of the target decoration area are matched according to the spatial position, and the matching materials that meet the new design requirements are screened from the material attribute database, including: The spatial size of the target decoration area in the new design scheme is obtained, and the minimum volume threshold and carrying capacity threshold of the required material are set; Material records that meet the volume and carrying capacity requirements are extracted from the material attribute database to form a candidate set; The materials in the candidate set are sorted according to the similarity with the target region shape, the material types with higher similarity are retained, and the optimal material is selected as the matching material according to the sorting result.

[0010] Preferably, a preliminary decoration configuration scheme is generated by adjusting the arrangement direction and connection mode of the matching material, including: The reference direction angle of the material arrangement is set according to the main direction vector of the target decoration region, and a plurality of rotation angle candidates are divided within a reasonable range; The spatial projection analysis is performed on the material layout under each candidate angle to determine whether interference occurs with the existing structure, and the arrangement combination without conflict is retained; The connection point spacing is set for the arrangement combination, and a three-dimensional configuration scheme with positioning marks is generated by combining the connection point distribution and the arrangement direction, which is output as a preliminary decoration scheme.

[0011] Preferably, the mechanical performance of the preliminary decoration configuration scheme is checked to verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standard, including: The component geometric information and material properties in the preliminary decoration configuration scheme are imported, and the direction and size of the external load are set; Based on the cross-sectional area of the component and the compressive strength of the material, the maximum bearing capacity of a single component is estimated; The external load is proportionally distributed to each component, and it is judged whether the actual stress of each component is lower than its maximum bearing capacity; According to the comparison result of stress and bearing capacity, if all components meet the bearing requirement, the structure is determined to be qualified, otherwise the optimization part is marked.

[0012] Preferably, the preliminary decoration configuration scheme is optimized according to the checking result, and the material combination ratio and installation path are adjusted, including: According to the position information of the part to be optimized, the type of material used and its current proportion are identified; Under the premise of meeting the design appearance, the proportion of high-strength material is increased, and the material combination is adjusted; Based on the distribution of component connection points, the installation path sequence is re-planned to minimize the lap error between adjacent components; The adjusted material combination and installation path are updated to the three-dimensional configuration scheme to generate an optimized configuration scheme.

[0013] Preferably, the visual model and construction guidance document of the optimized scheme are output, including: The optimized configuration scheme is exported as a three-dimensional visual model file, and different material use color labels are set to distinguish and display; According to the spatial coordinates and connection relationship of each component in the three-dimensional model, a layer-by-layer assembly sequence diagram is generated; Statistics of the total amount of each material, and combined with the construction site transportation path to estimate the required manpower configuration; The said graphic, the total amount of material list and the manpower configuration are combined into a construction guidance document, which is submitted together with the visual model for on-site implementation.

[0014] In another aspect, the present application provides a BIM-based building decoration modeling system, comprising the following steps: The data acquisition and modeling module is used for acquiring the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building through a three-dimensional scanning device, generating a point cloud set with coordinate information, importing the point cloud set into a three-dimensional modeling platform, establishing a geometric model in combination with the size parameters of the building components, and labeling the material types and damage areas; The material evaluation and selection module is used for extracting the volume and bearing capacity data of the recyclable materials based on the geometric model, generating a material attribute database, matching the geometric constraint conditions of the target decoration area according to the spatial position, and screening the matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material attribute database; The scheme design and checking module is used for generating a preliminary decoration configuration scheme by adjusting the arrangement direction and connection mode of the matching materials, performing mechanical performance checking on the preliminary decoration configuration scheme, and verifying whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards; The optimization and document output module is used for optimizing the preliminary decoration configuration scheme according to the checking results, adjusting the material combination ratio and installation path, and outputting the visual model and construction guidance document after optimization.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of the present application: the BIM-based building decoration modeling method and system provided by the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The present application acquires the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building through a high-precision three-dimensional scanning device, and generates a point cloud set with coordinate information, thereby realizing the capture of the spatial position and physical properties of the old building materials. After importing the point cloud set into a three-dimensional modeling platform, a geometric model is established in combination with the size parameters of the building components, and the material types and damage areas are labeled, thereby providing a data basis for subsequent analysis. Based on the geometric model, the volume and bearing capacity data of the recyclable materials are extracted, a material attribute database is constructed, and suitable matching materials are screened according to new design requirements, thereby ensuring the feasibility and rationality of material reuse. By adjusting the arrangement direction and connection mode of the matching materials to generate a preliminary configuration scheme, and performing mechanical performance checking to verify the structural stability, the safety and reliability of the design scheme are further ensured, effectively solving the problem of inaccurate evaluation of old building material reuse, significantly improving the material utilization rate and construction quality, and promoting resource conservation and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Flow chart of the BIM-based architectural decoration modeling method of the present application; Figure 2 Block diagram of the BIM-based architectural decoration modeling system of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] The present application provides a BIM-based architectural decoration modeling method as shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a BIM-based architectural decoration modeling method as shown in In the present embodiment, the BIM-based architectural decoration modeling method comprises the following steps: Step one: Obtain the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building by a three-dimensional scanning device, and generate a point cloud set with coordinate information; specifically including the following steps: According to the complexity of the building structure and the spatial scale, a plurality of scanning sites are arranged inside the target building, and a laser scanner is used to collect spatial coordinates and surface reflection intensity information at each viewing angle , forming an initial point set; high-precision digital collection of the interior space of the old building is realized, providing an original data basis for subsequent modeling.

[0019] The initial point set is denoised, and the abnormal points with a distance deviation exceeding the set threshold value Δd are removed, and the effective space sampling points are retained; the formula is expressed as: ; : the Euclidean distance between point i and point j; Δd: the set distance difference threshold, in millimeters or meters (for example, Δd = 50 mm); : the spatial coordinates of the i-th point. The Euclidean distance between the point and the adjacent point is used to judge whether it is an isolated noise point, automatic denoising is realized, and the point cloud structure is clear.

[0020] The effective spatial sampling points are divided into spatial grids according to the XYZ coordinates, and the center point of each grid is taken as the representative point to obtain the simplified point cloud set P; the space is divided into regular cubic grids, and only one representative point (center point) is retained in each grid to simplify the point cloud data and retain the structural outline, which is suitable for rapid modeling and analysis.

[0021] Combined reflection intensity information By comparing with the preset material spectral feature library, the material category corresponding to each point is identified and marked in the point cloud set P.

[0022] Step 2: Import the point cloud collection into a 3D modeling platform, build a geometric model based on the size parameters of the building components, and annotate the material type and damage area; specifically, the following steps are included: The point cloud set P is imported into the 3D modeling software, the coordinate system is set to align with the reference plane, and the distribution range of components such as walls, beams, columns, and floor slabs is identified; data migration from the original point cloud data to the 3D modeling platform and preliminary identification of the spatial structure are achieved.

[0023] Extract the standard dimensions X×Y×Z of building components from the design drawings, match them with the actual outlines in the point cloud, and determine the spatial positioning of each component; construct a solid bounding box based on the spatial positioning information. , mapping the point cloud data to the interior of the entity to generate a geometry with material labels; where: 、 is the x coordinate of all points; 、 is the y coordinate of all points; 、 is the z coordinate of all points; / : minimum / maximum coordinates along the X-axis; / : minimum / maximum coordinates along the Y axis; / : Minimum / maximum coordinates along the Z axis; E: Represents the entity bounding box, which is used to limit the spatial extent of the geometry.

[0024] The bounding box range is determined by the extreme values ​​of the point cloud coordinates, which is used to define the spatial boundary of the component, facilitating the subsequent fusion of point cloud data and geometric models.

[0025] Calculate the rate of change of distance between adjacent points: When D is greater than a set threshold, it is marked as a potential damage area. By calculating the elevation change rate between adjacent points, local surface discontinuities are identified, thereby detecting structural abnormalities. 0.01 is added to avoid the denominator being zero. : The spatial coordinates of the i-th point; : The spatial coordinates of the jth neighboring point; : Preset damage judgment threshold, for example =0.5; D: height change rate between two points. The larger the value, the more uneven the surface is, which may be a damaged area.

[0026] Step 3: Extracting the volume and load-bearing capacity data of the recyclable material based on the geometric model and generating a material property database; specifically comprising the following steps: Separate component entities of different material types from the geometric model and count the number of space grids occupied by each entity ; According to the volume of a single space grid and Calculate the total available volume V= * The total volume of the component entities of this material type is calculated by multiplying the number of space cells occupied by the component entity by the volume of a single space cell.

[0027] Unit volume load value corresponding to material category , calculate the overall carrying capacity ; Using the known material unit volume bearing capacity value, combined with the previously calculated total volume, calculate the bearing capacity of the entire component entity. 、 And the corresponding material type is stored in a structured table to form a material property database The table contents include but are not limited to: material type, total volume (V), overall load capacity .

[0028] Step 4: Match the geometric constraints of the target decoration area according to the spatial position, and select matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material property database; specifically, the following steps are included: Get the spatial size range X×Y×Z of the target decoration area in the new design and set the minimum volume threshold of the required material and carrying capacity threshold ; From the material property database Extract the value that satisfies V≥ And T_c≥ Record the materials to form a candidate set Based on the basic performance indicators of materials (volume and load-bearing capacity), logical judgment screening is carried out to eliminate materials that do not meet structural safety and usage requirements, and retain materials with reuse potential.

[0029] Sort the materials in the candidate set L_c according to the shape similarity S = Overlap_volume / Union_volume with the target region, and retain the material types with S ≥ 0.6; Overlap_volume: the spatial overlap volume of the candidate material entity and the target decoration region; Union_volume: the spatial union volume of the two; S: shape similarity, the value range is [0, 1], the larger the value, the higher the matching degree; 0.6: an experience set screening threshold, which can be adjusted according to project requirements. Select the optimal material as the matching material according to the sorting result for subsequent configuration scheme generation.

[0030] Step five: generate a preliminary decoration configuration scheme by adjusting the arrangement direction and connection mode of the matching material; specifically including the following steps: According to the main direction vector of the target decoration region (extracted from the geometric model), set the reference direction angle of the material arrangement, and divide multiple rotation angle candidates within ±30°; the adjustable angle range set around the reference direction ensures that the material arrangement is flexible and does not deviate from the overall style.

[0031] Calculate the spatial projection of the material layout under each candidate angle to determine whether interference occurs with the existing structure, and retain the non-conflicting arrangement combinations; set the connection point spacing for the arrangement combinations , wherein is the total length of the component, is the preset number of connection points; Combine the connection point distribution and arrangement direction to generate a three-dimensional configuration scheme with positioning markers , which is output as a preliminary decoration scheme. This scheme not only includes the spatial layout of the material, but also marks the key positioning points, facilitating subsequent construction drawing generation and on-site setting out.

[0032] Step six: check the mechanical performance of the preliminary decoration configuration scheme to verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards; specifically including the following steps: Import the component geometric information and material properties in the preliminary decoration configuration scheme , set the external load action direction and size; based on the component cross-sectional area and the material compressive strength , calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of a single component = * ; use the basic stress-strain relationship to estimate the bearing limit of the component; ensure that the component works within the maximum allowable stress range to avoid failure due to overloading.

[0033] , Distribute to each component according to the distribution ratio, and determine the actual force of each component Whether less than the corresponding ; This step is used to simulate the specific load borne by each component under actual working conditions to evaluate whether it is within the safe range.

[0034] According to and , if all components meet ≤ , it is determined that the structure's bearing performance is qualified, otherwise the optimization site is marked. Position the components that do not meet the conditions for further improvement of the design and improvement of the overall stability of the structure.

[0035] Step seven: optimize the preliminary decoration configuration scheme according to the checking results, adjust the material combination ratio and installation path; including the following steps: According to the location information of the optimization site, identify the type of material used and its current proportion ; Under the premise of meeting the design appearance, increase the proportion of high-strength materials, and adjust the combination ratio formula to , where α is the adjustment factor, used to control the range of increased proportion of reinforcing materials (value between 0.1~0.3); : the strength index of the kth material (such as compressive strength, yield strength, etc.); : the sum of the strength of all materials; Based on the distribution of component connection points, re-plan the installation path order to minimize the cumulative error between adjacent components; update and to the three-dimensional configuration scheme to generate the optimized configuration scheme . Apply the new material ratio to the corresponding area in the model, and attach the installation order information to each component to form a complete BIM data set.

[0036] Step eight: output the visual model and construction guidance document after optimization, for material allocation and positioning in actual decoration construction; including the following steps: Export the optimized configuration scheme to a three-dimensional visual model file, and set different material use color labels for display; generate a layer-by-layer assembly sequence diagram according to the spatial coordinates G(x, y, z) and connection relationship of each component in the three-dimensional model; count the total amount of each material , and calculate the required manpower combined with the transportation path , where To plan the construction period; the diagram, the total list of material usage and the manpower allocation are combined into the construction guidance document, which is submitted together with the visual model for on-site implementation.

[0037] The whole-process closed loop from the optimization configuration scheme to the actual construction application is realized, an intelligent construction delivery system integrating three-dimensional visualization, construction diagram, and material and manpower planning is built, and the implementation efficiency and management level of the decoration engineering are significantly improved.

[0038] On the other hand, the present application proposes a BIM-based building decoration modeling system, as shown in Figure 2 The steps include: The data acquisition and modeling module is used to obtain the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building through a three-dimensional scanning device, generate a point cloud set with coordinate information, import the point cloud set into a three-dimensional modeling platform, establish a geometric model in combination with the size parameters of the building components, and label the material types and damage areas; The material evaluation and selection module is used to extract the volume and bearing capacity data of the recyclable materials based on the geometric model, generate a material attribute database, match the geometric constraint conditions of the target decoration area according to the spatial position, and screen the matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material attribute database; The scheme design and checking module is used to generate a preliminary decoration configuration scheme by adjusting the arrangement direction and connection mode of the matching materials, perform mechanical performance checking on the preliminary decoration configuration scheme, and verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards; The optimization and document output module is used to optimize the preliminary decoration configuration scheme according to the checking results, adjust the material combination ratio and installation path, and output the visual model and construction guidance document after optimization.

[0039] In addition, each of the above modules is also used to implement other steps of the above-mentioned BIM-based building decoration modeling method when executed, as follows: In an old building decoration renovation project, the decoration analysis step of the above-mentioned BIM-based building decoration modeling method is as follows: Step 1: Obtain the geometric shape and material distribution data of the old building Arrange the scanning sites: 5 laser scanners are arranged in the target building at different key positions to ensure comprehensive coverage. The data collected by each scanner includes spatial coordinates and surface reflection intensity information .

[0040] De-noising processing: set Δd as 50mm as the distance difference threshold, calculate the Euclidean distance between points i and j using the formula , and remove the abnormal points exceeding the set threshold.

[0041] Spatial grid division: divide the effective sampling points by grid according to XYZ coordinates, keep the center point of each grid, and form the simplified point cloud set P.

[0042] Material identification: compare the reflection intensity information I_i with the preset material spectral feature library, and label the material category corresponding to each point in the point cloud set P.

[0043] Step two: model establishment on three-dimensional modeling platform Import point cloud data: import P into three-dimensional modeling software, set coordinate system alignment reference surface, and identify main components (such as walls, beams and columns, etc.).

[0044] Size parameter matching: extract component size X×Y×Z according to design drawing, and determine the spatial positioning of each component combined with the actual contour in point cloud. For example, the entity bounding box E is defined as .

[0045] Damage area detection: , calculate the height change rate between adjacent points, and mark it as a potential damage area when D is greater than the set threshold (e.g. 0.5).

[0046] Step three: generate material attribute database Volume and bearing capacity calculation: for components of different material types, count the number of spatial grids , calculate the total volume V using the volume of a single spatial grid and . Then combine the unit volume bearing value , use the formula to calculate the overall bearing capacity .

[0047] Create database: store V, and the corresponding material type into a structured table to form the material attribute database .

[0048] Step four: screen matching materials that meet the new design requirements Set threshold: set the minimum volume threshold and the bearing capacity threshold for the target decoration area in the new design scheme.

[0049] Screen materials: extract material records that meet the conditions from to form the candidate set . Then sort them according to shape similarity S, and keep the material types with S≥0.6.

[0050] Step five: generate preliminary decoration configuration scheme Direction adjustment: adjust the material arrangement direction based on the main direction vector of the target decoration area Adjust the material arrangement direction within a range of ±30°.

[0051] Layout optimization: avoid interference by spatial projection calculation and set the connection point spacing Generate a three-dimensional configuration scheme with positioning marks .

[0052] Step six: mechanical property check Ultimate bearing capacity calculation: for each component in , use the formula = * Calculate the ultimate bearing capacity .

[0053] Force analysis: distribute external loads to each component and compare the actual stress with to confirm whether all components meet the safety requirements.

[0054] Step seven: optimize the decoration configuration scheme Proportion adjustment: adjust the proportion of high-strength materials according to the parts to be optimized, using the formula Update the combination ratio.

[0055] Installation path planning: re-plan to reduce the lap error and update the three-dimensional configuration scheme .

[0056] Step eight: output visual model and construction guidance document Export model: export as a three-dimensional visual model file, using different color labels to distinguish materials.

[0057] Assembly sequence diagram: generate a layer-by-layer assembly sequence diagram based on G(x, y, z).

[0058] Manpower estimation: calculate the required manpower using the formula .

[0059] Integration document: integrate the diagram, material list, and manpower allocation into a construction guidance document for on-site implementation.

[0060] This example demonstrates how to use BIM technology to ensure efficient and accurate completion of decoration projects from data collection to final construction guidance.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalent features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A BIM-based architectural decoration modeling method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Using 3D scanning equipment to obtain geometric morphology and material distribution data of old buildings, a point cloud collection with coordinate information is generated. The point cloud collection is imported into a 3D modeling platform, and a geometric model is created based on the dimensional parameters of the building components, with material types and damaged areas marked. Extracting the volume and load-bearing capacity data of recyclable materials based on the geometric model, generating a material property database, matching the geometric constraints of the target decoration area according to the spatial position, and screening matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material property database; By adjusting the arrangement direction and connection method of matching materials, a preliminary decoration configuration scheme is generated, and the mechanical properties of the preliminary decoration configuration scheme are checked to verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards; Optimize the preliminary decoration configuration plan based on the verification results, adjust the material combination ratio and installation path, and output the visual model and construction guidance documents after the optimization plan.

2. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geometric form and material distribution data of old buildings are obtained through 3D scanning equipment, and a point cloud collection with coordinate information is generated, including: Arrange multiple scanning stations inside the target building, and use laser scanners to collect spatial coordinates and surface reflection intensity information from each perspective to form an initial point set; De-noising the initial point set, removing abnormal points whose distance deviation exceeds a set threshold, and retaining valid spatial sampling points; Divide the effective spatial sampling points into grids according to spatial coordinates, take the center point of each grid as a representative point, and obtain a simplified point cloud set; The surface reflection intensity information is compared with a preset material spectrum feature library to identify the material category corresponding to each point and mark it in the point cloud collection.

3. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Import the point cloud collection into a 3D modeling platform, build a geometric model based on the size parameters of the building components, and annotate the material type and damage area, including: Importing the point cloud collection into 3D modeling software, setting the coordinate system to align with the reference plane, and identifying the distribution range of walls, beams, columns, and floor components; Extract the standard dimensions of building components based on the design drawings, match them with the actual outlines in the point cloud, and determine the spatial positioning of each component; Construct a solid bounding box based on spatial positioning information, map the point cloud data to the interior of the solid, and generate a geometry with material labels; The relationship between the height change and horizontal distance between adjacent points is calculated, and when the ratio is greater than the set threshold, it is marked as a potential damage area.

4. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume and load-bearing capacity data of the recyclable material are extracted based on the geometric model to generate a material property database, including: Separating component entities of different material types from the geometric model, and counting the number of space grids occupied by each entity; Calculate the total available volume based on the volume of a single space grid and the number of space grids; Calculate the overall load-bearing capacity by combining the unit volume load-bearing performance corresponding to the material category; The total available volume, overall load-bearing capacity, and corresponding material types are stored in a structured table to form a material property database.

5. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Matching the geometric constraints of the target decoration area according to the spatial position, and screening matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material property database, including: Obtain the spatial dimensions of the target decoration area in the new design, and set the minimum volume threshold and load-bearing capacity threshold of the required materials; Extract material records that meet volume and load-bearing capacity requirements from the material property database to form a candidate set; The materials in the candidate set are sorted according to their shape similarity with the target area, the material types with higher similarity are retained, and the best material is selected as the matching material based on the sorting result.

6. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: By adjusting the arrangement direction and connection method of matching materials, a preliminary decorative configuration scheme is generated, including: Set the reference direction angle of the material arrangement according to the main direction vector of the target decoration area, and divide multiple rotation angle candidates within a reasonable range; Perform spatial projection analysis on the material layout at each candidate angle to determine whether it interferes with the existing structure and retain conflict-free arrangements and combinations; The connection point spacing is set for the arrangement and combination, and a three-dimensional configuration scheme with positioning marks is generated based on the connection point distribution and arrangement direction, which is output as a preliminary decoration scheme.

7. The BIM-based architectural decoration modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conduct mechanical property checks on the preliminary decorative configuration scheme to verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards, including: Import the component geometry information and material properties from the preliminary decoration configuration scheme, and set the direction and magnitude of the external load; Estimate the maximum load-bearing capacity of a single component based on the component's cross-sectional area and the material's compressive strength; Distribute the external load to each component in proportion, and determine whether the actual load on each component is lower than its maximum bearing capacity; Based on the comparison results of the stress and bearing capacity, if all components meet the bearing requirements, the structure is judged to be qualified, otherwise the parts that need to be optimized are marked.

8. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Optimize the preliminary decoration configuration plan based on the verification results, adjust the material combination ratio and installation path, including: Based on the location information of the part to be optimized, identify the type of material used and its current proportion; Under the premise of meeting the design appearance, increase the proportion of high-strength materials and adjust the material combination; Based on the distribution of component connection points, the installation path sequence is replanned to minimize the overlap error between adjacent components; The adjusted material combination and installation path are updated to the three-dimensional configuration scheme to generate an optimized configuration scheme.

9. The BIM-based building decoration modeling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Output the visual model and construction guidance documents after the optimization plan, including: Export the optimized configuration scheme as a 3D visual model file, and set different materials to use color labels for distinguishing display; Generate layer-by-layer assembly sequence diagrams based on the spatial coordinates and connection relationships of each component in the 3D model; Calculate the total usage of each material and estimate the required manpower allocation based on the transportation route at the construction site; The diagrams, the total material usage list and the manpower allocation are combined into a construction guidance document, which is submitted together with the visual model for on-site implementation.

10. A BIM-based building decoration modeling system for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The data acquisition and modeling module is used to obtain the geometric form and material distribution data of old buildings through 3D scanning equipment, generate a point cloud collection with coordinate information, import the point cloud collection into the 3D modeling platform, and build a geometric model based on the dimensional parameters of the building components, annotating the material type and damage area; a material evaluation and selection module for extracting the volume and load-bearing capacity data of recyclable materials based on the geometric model, generating a material property database, matching the geometric constraints of the target decoration area according to spatial position, and screening matching materials that meet the new design requirements in the material property database; The scheme design and verification module is used to generate a preliminary decoration configuration scheme by adjusting the arrangement direction and connection method of matching materials, and to conduct mechanical performance verification on the preliminary decoration configuration scheme to verify whether the material bearing capacity and structural stability meet the design standards; The optimization and document output module is used to optimize the preliminary decoration configuration plan based on the verification results, adjust the material combination ratio and installation path, and output the visual model and construction guidance documents after the optimization plan.

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