Cable buffer layer repairing method, device, equipment, medium and program product

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a cable buffer layer repairing method and device, equipment, a medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a gas sample of a cable buffer layer, determining a moisture concentration distribution diagram of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample, determining a to-be-treated area based on the distribution diagram, and injecting inert gas into the to-be-treated area until the moisture concentration of the to-be-treated area is less than a second threshold value. By injecting inert gas, the cable buffer layer can be prevented from being eroded by water, the survival environment of the defects of the buffer layer is reduced, white spot formation and discharge expansion are fundamentally inhibited, the original structure of the cable buffer layer cannot be damaged, the implementation difficulty is low, and the effects of preventive maintenance and delay and inhibition of defect development can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a cable buffer layer repairing method, device, equipment, medium and program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The buffer layer of a high-voltage cable is a key structure between the insulation shield and the metal sheath. Under long-term complex working conditions, the cable is prone to buffer layer damage problems such as ablation, white spots and partial discharge. These problems seriously threaten the mechanical integrity and electrical safety of the cable insulation system, and have become a prominent risk point for reliable operation of the power grid.

[0003] At present, cable buffer layer repair mainly includes two ways of physical replacement and conductive filler injection. The former needs to split the cable to remove and replace the damaged part, which is high in cost and requires long-time power outage to complete the construction. The latter needs to accurately control the filler landing, which is difficult and can cause interface separation, resulting in a decline in cable performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-destructive and simple and effective cable buffer layer repair method. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a cable buffer layer repairing method, device, equipment, medium and program product to solve the problems of high cost and great difficulty in cable buffer layer repair.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a cable buffer layer repairing method, comprising:

[0006] Collecting a gas sample of the cable buffer layer;

[0007] Determining a moisture concentration distribution map of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample;

[0008] Determining a to-be-processed region based on the moisture concentration distribution map, the to-be-processed region being a region in the buffer layer with a moisture concentration greater than a first threshold value;

[0009] Injecting inert gas into the to-be-processed region until the moisture concentration of the to-be-processed region is less than a second threshold value, the second threshold value being less than the first threshold value.

[0010] In a possible implementation, injecting inert gas into the to-be-processed region until the moisture concentration of the to-be-processed region is less than a second threshold value comprises:

[0011] Determining an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the to-be-processed region, the upstream direction and the downstream direction representing the natural diffusion direction of the gas;

[0012] Injecting inert gas from one end of the to-be-processed region corresponding to the upstream direction and applying negative pressure at one end of the to-be-processed region corresponding to the downstream direction.

[0013] After injecting the inert gas, a gas sample is re-collected for the region to be treated, and if the moisture concentration of the re-collected gas sample is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, the injection of the inert gas is continued.

[0014] In a possible implementation, determining the upstream direction and the downstream direction of the region to be treated comprises:

[0015] Injecting a tracer gas at one end of the region to be treated, and monitoring equidistantly on both sides of the gas injection point, and the side on which the tracer gas is first monitored is the downstream direction.

[0016] In a possible implementation, after determining the region to be treated based on the moisture concentration distribution map, comprises:

[0017] Detecting the hydrogen concentration of the region to be treated;

[0018] If the hydrogen concentration is greater than a third threshold value, injecting a conductive aerosol into the region to be treated.

[0019] In a possible implementation, collecting a gas sample of the cable buffer layer comprises:

[0020] According to a preset interval, the cable is punctured and sampled at multiple points along the length direction of the cable, to obtain gas samples of the cable buffer layer at different sampling points, and position information of the sampling points is recorded.

[0021] In a possible implementation, determining a moisture concentration distribution map of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample comprises:

[0022] The position information of the sampling points and the moisture concentration values of the gas samples at the sampling points are input into a pre-trained moisture diffusion prediction model, to obtain a moisture concentration distribution map output by the moisture diffusion prediction model;

[0023] The moisture diffusion prediction model is trained based on historical data of the same type of cable.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cable buffer layer repair device, comprising:

[0025] A sampling module configured to collect a gas sample of the cable buffer layer;

[0026] A distribution determination module configured to determine a moisture concentration distribution map of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample;

[0027] A region processing module configured to determine a region to be treated based on the moisture concentration distribution map, the region to be treated being a region in which the moisture concentration of the buffer layer is greater than a first threshold value.

[0028] a gas injection module for injecting inert gas into the region to be treated until the moisture concentration of the region to be treated is less than a second threshold value, the second threshold value being less than the first threshold value.

[0029] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor;

[0030] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0031] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0034] The cable buffer layer repair method, device, equipment, medium and program product provided by the embodiments of the present application can collect a gas sample of the cable buffer layer, determine a moisture concentration distribution graph of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample, determine a region to be treated based on the distribution graph, inject inert gas into the region to be treated, and stop until the moisture concentration of the region to be treated is less than a second threshold value. By injecting inert gas, the moisture erosion of the cable buffer layer can be blocked, the living environment of the buffer layer defects can be reduced, the formation of white spots and the expansion of discharge can be fundamentally inhibited, the original structure of the cable buffer layer will not be damaged, the implementation difficulty is low, and the preventive maintenance and the delay and inhibition of the development of defects can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0036] Figure 1 A flowchart of a cable buffer layer repair method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an axial cross section of a cable provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 3A cable buffer layer gas injection schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 A cable buffer layer gas injection schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 A cable buffer layer repair process schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 A cable buffer layer repair device structure schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by the present application.

[0043] Through the above-mentioned drawings, the specific embodiments of the present application have been shown, and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail hereinbelow with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise represented. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] The high-voltage cable buffer layer is a key transition structure between the insulation shielding layer and the metal sheath, and its core function is to coordinate the thermal expansion stress in the operation of the cable, disperse the local electric field, and block the external environment erosion. Under long-term complex working conditions, the buffer layer is prone to defects, and the continuous development of the defects will seriously damage the performance of the cable. For example, when the partial discharge caused by buffer layer air gap ionization reaches a certain intensity, it will break through the cable insulation protection and cause damage to the cable insulation performance. In addition, partial discharge will also cause the temperature of some points to abnormally rise, triggering the formation of white spots and ablation.

[0046] At present, the repair means for the cable buffer layer is relatively single. Once the cable buffer layer appears abnormal, it is mainly repaired by physical replacement or filling of conductive filler. Although it can temporarily restore the normal use of the cable, it will damage the long-term performance of the cable and reduce the service life of the cable, which has significant limitations.

[0047] Among them, the physical replacement method needs to cut off the damaged section and replace the new buffer layer, which not only needs large-scale power outage construction, but also causes the life reduction due to the damage of the cable body structure. Replacing the cable also needs to remove the original line and lay a new cable, which involves material procurement, construction manpower and equipment investment, especially in long distance or complex terrain, the cost rises sharply.

[0048] The conductive filler can form a continuous coating on the surface of the fiber, cover the original non-conductive corrosion products, rebuild the axial conductive network between the buffer layer and the aluminum sheath, reduce the electric field distortion, and thus inhibit the formation of discharge channels. However, this method requires strict control of the ratio of filler components, has high process complexity, and is limited by the internal space structure of the cable. It may lead to insufficient filling or uneven distribution, especially for complex ablation defects, the filler is difficult to completely cover all damaged areas, and the filler needs to form a physical bond with the original buffer layer. This repair method relying on interface contact is prone to performance fluctuations under mechanical vibration or temperature changes, and may cause interface peeling or cracking in long-term operation, resulting in a decrease in cable performance.

[0049] The inventors found that the key to the above-mentioned method causing the cable life to decrease is that both physical replacement and conductive filler injection are invasive repairs, which not only cannot eliminate the defect development and regeneration mechanism, but also can damage the original structure of the cable and exacerbate the system vulnerability. This kind of invasive repair can only repair the buffer layer defect of the cable for a short period of time, and it is easy to produce defects again after a period of repair, and the severity and development speed of the defects produced again are greater than that of the first defects.

[0050] The inventors found through research that the defects in the cable buffer layer can appear, develop and regenerate, and the core is the invasion of water into the buffer layer. After the buffer layer material absorbs water, it expands and releases Na + and OH-, reacts with the aluminum sheath to form aluminum hydroxide precipitate, and the alkaline environment exacerbates the corrosion of aluminum to form white powder. The moisture of the environment makes the water content in the buffer layer increase continuously, and the resistivity of the buffer layer increases after being wetted, the current concentration effect is intensified, and the contact point temperature rises rapidly to a high value, triggering the formation of white spots and ablation. In addition, water and discharge products form a positive feedback cycle, further expanding the defect range.

[0051] Based on this, the present application proposes a technical concept, which periodically monitors the water content change of the cable buffer layer, and when the water content is too high, it removes the water by injecting inert gas into the buffer layer, blocks the erosion of water to the buffer layer, and reduces the survival environment of the defects. This method is different from the traditional invasive repair, which can fundamentally inhibit the formation of white spots and the expansion of discharge, and will not damage the original structure of the cable buffer layer, has low implementation difficulty, can play a preventive maintenance role in the new cable production stage or early defect stage, and can delay and inhibit the development of defects.

[0052] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cable buffer layer repair method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0054] Step S101: collecting a gas sample from a cable buffer layer.

[0055] In this embodiment, gas nozzles can be installed at both ends of the cable to extract gas from the buffer layer as a sample. If the cable is too long, sampling points can be set at predetermined intervals along the length, and a puncture device can be used to pierce the buffer layer at these sampling points for gas sampling.

[0056] Step S102 : determining a moisture concentration distribution diagram of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable based on the gas sample.

[0057] For example, the gas sample can be first input into a device such as a dew point meter, and the moisture concentration in the gas sample can be measured by the device. Then, based on the sampling position and moisture concentration of the gas sample, an algorithm such as interpolation method can be used to determine the overall moisture concentration distribution thermodynamic map of the buffer layer in the axial direction.

[0058] Step S103: determining the area to be processed based on the moisture concentration distribution map.

[0059] The area to be processed is an area in the buffer layer where the moisture concentration is greater than a first threshold.

[0060] For example, a test on the effect of moisture on the defects of the cable buffer layer can be conducted in advance, and a first threshold can be calibrated based on the test results. Then, at least one area in the buffer layer with an average concentration greater than the first threshold can be determined along the length of the cable as the area to be processed.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an axial cross-section of a cable provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the cable may include a conductor, an intermediate layer, an outer shielding layer and an aluminum sheath from the inside to the outside. The aluminum sheath may be a corrugated aluminum sheath (with crests and troughs). Puncture sampling may be performed at the crests of the aluminum sheath to determine the area to be processed.

[0062] Step S104: Inject inert gas into the area to be processed until the moisture concentration in the area to be processed is less than a second threshold.

[0063] The inert gas can be nitrogen or argon or other stable chemical gas.

[0064] Exemplarily, the injection point can be selected on the metal sheath outside the cable buffer layer according to the position of the region to be treated, high-purity nitrogen gas is injected inward from the injection point through a device such as an air nozzle to replace the original gas, after the injection of nitrogen gas is completed, gas sampling can be performed again for the region to be treated, if the moisture concentration of the gas after the second sampling is less than the second threshold value, the process is ended, otherwise the nitrogen gas injection is continued.

[0065] Before the nitrogen gas is injected, the cable buffer layer volume V0 required for nitrogen replacement treatment can be calculated according to the region to be treated and the cable parameters, the value range of V0 can be represented by the following formula (1).

[0066] πL(R2- R0) 2 <V0<πL[(R2-H) 2 -R0 2 ] (1)

[0067] In the above formula (1), L can be the length of the region to be treated; R0 is the outer radius of the semi-conductive water-resistant buffer layer around the cable; R1 is the inner radius of the corrugated aluminum sheath; R2 is the outer radius of the corrugated aluminum sheath; H is the thickness of the corrugated aluminum sheath.

[0068] Based on the value range of V0, the number of nitrogen gas cylinders N required can be determined according to the Van der Waals equation, which can be specifically seen from the following formula (2).

[0069]

[0070] The number of nitrogen gas cylinders N = V1 / V2.

[0071] In the above formula, P0 is the gas pressure of the nitrogen gas filled in the buffer layer; V0 is the volume of the cable buffer layer; P1 is the gas pressure of the nitrogen gas cylinder; V1 is the volume of the compressed nitrogen gas; V2 is the capacity of a single nitrogen gas cylinder; n is the amount of substance of the gas; R is the gas constant, the value is 8.314 J / (mol·K); T is the temperature; a and b are the Van der Waals constants of nitrogen, wherein a = 1.390 L·atm / mol, b = 0.0391 L / mol. 2

[0072] ​In the above embodiment, by collecting the gas samples of the cable buffer layer, the moisture concentration distribution of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable can be determined according to the gas samples, and the to-be-processed region can be determined based on the distribution, inert gas is injected into the to-be-processed region until the moisture concentration of the to-be-processed region is less than the second threshold. By injecting inert gas, the moisture erosion of the cable buffer layer can be blocked, the survival environment of the buffer layer defects can be reduced, the formation of white spots and the expansion of discharge can be fundamentally inhibited, and the original structure of the cable buffer layer will not be damaged, the implementation difficulty is low, and the preventive maintenance and the delay and inhibition of the development of defects can be achieved.

[0073] In one embodiment, the gas samples of the cable buffer layer are collected, including:

[0074] The cable is punctured and sampled at multiple points along the length direction of the cable at a preset interval to obtain the gas samples of the cable buffer layer at different sampling points, and the position information of the sampling points is recorded.

[0075] For example, as shown in Figure 2 The cable can be punctured and sampled at one of the wave crests of the aluminum sheath every certain distance along the length direction of the cable, and the position of the sampling point is recorded after each sampling.

[0076] In one embodiment, the moisture concentration distribution of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable is determined according to the gas samples, including:

[0077] The moisture concentration distribution of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable is determined according to the gas samples, including:

[0078] The position information of the sampling points and the moisture concentration values of the gas samples of the sampling points are input into a pre-trained moisture diffusion prediction model to obtain the moisture concentration distribution output by the moisture diffusion prediction model.

[0079] The moisture diffusion prediction model is trained based on historical data of the same type of cable.

[0080] For example, after the gas samples and the sampling point coordinates at different positions of the cable buffer layer are obtained by puncturing and sampling at multiple points, the position information of each sampling point and the corresponding moisture concentration value can be input into a pre-trained moisture diffusion prediction model. The model can be trained and generated based on historical operation data (such as material properties, environmental temperature and humidity, aging rules, etc.) of other cables of the same type as the cable to be repaired, and can simulate the diffusion behavior of moisture in the buffer layer through an algorithm. The model analyzes the spatial correlation of the sampling point data, predicts the moisture concentration of the unsampled region based on historical rules, and finally outputs a complete moisture concentration distribution along the length direction of the cable.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the pre-trained model is used to intelligently complete the discrete sampling data to generate a continuous moisture concentration distribution map. Unlike interpolation algorithms, the model utilizes the cable material penetration law and environmental coupling characteristics accumulated from historical data, which can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of moisture diffusion in hidden areas, accurately identify moisture accumulation blind spots such as cable bending and weak sealing points, avoid repair blind spots caused by missed detection, and improve the pertinence of repair schemes.

[0082] The training of the moisture diffusion prediction model will be described below in conjunction with a specific example.

[0083] First, regarding data set construction, historical detection data of the same type of cable (same voltage level, buffer layer material, and sheath structure) can be collected, which can specifically include cable basic information (such as cable length, laying environment, operation time, etc.), sampling point data (sampling point position and moisture concentration), environmental parameters (temperature and humidity, etc.), and fault correlation data (whether buffer layer ablation or partial discharge failure occurs after sampling, etc.), etc. After collecting the data, the abnormal values (such as outliers caused by puncture operation errors) can be cleaned, and the cable length can be normalized (such as mapping to the range of 0-1) for pre-processing to form a data set.

[0084] The core task of the model is to input the position and moisture concentration of discrete sampling points and output the continuous moisture concentration distribution map of the cable. Based on this, high-density sampling data (such as one sampling point per meter) is used as the true distribution label for the model to learn the mapping rule from sparse points to continuous distribution.

[0085] The model architecture can use CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) or ST-GNN (Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network) to capture the spatial correlation between positions (such as the concentration gradient change of adjacent points), and construct a loss function based on the mean square error between the predicted distribution and the high-density label.

[0086] During training, a pre-training combined with fine-tuning method can be used to train the base model with multiple same type cable data to learn the general diffusion law. For new cables, only a small amount of samples (such as 1-2 sparse sampling data of cables) are needed to fine-tune the model for rapid adaptation.

[0087] In one embodiment, inert gas is injected into the to-be-processed region until the moisture concentration of the to-be-processed region is less than a second threshold, comprising:

[0088] Determining the upstream direction and the downstream direction of the to-be-processed region; injecting inert gas from one end of the to-be-processed region corresponding to the upstream direction and applying negative pressure at one end of the to-be-processed region corresponding to the downstream direction; after injecting the inert gas, re-collecting the gas sample for the to-be-processed region, and if the moisture concentration of the re-collected gas sample is greater than or equal to the second threshold, continue to inject the inert gas.

[0089] The upstream direction and the downstream direction represent the natural diffusion direction of the gas.

[0090] Figure 3 A cable buffer layer gas injection schematic diagram is provided for the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the gas diffusion direction (diffusion from upstream to downstream) in the to-be-processed region can be determined, then the gas injection device is connected at the upstream end, and the vacuum pump or other gas extraction equipment is installed at the downstream end to apply negative pressure for gas extraction, forming laminar flow flushing from upstream to downstream, so that the originally moisture-containing air in the to-be-processed region is driven to the downstream for discharge by injecting inert gas.

[0091] In some possible implementations, determining the upstream direction and the downstream direction of the to-be-processed region can include:

[0092] Injecting tracer gas at one end of the to-be-processed region, and monitoring the equidistant positions on both sides of the gas injection point, the side where the tracer gas is first monitored is the downstream direction.

[0093] The tracer gas can be a mixture of sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen.

[0094] Figure 4 A cable buffer layer gas injection schematic diagram is provided for the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the tracer gas can be injected at a certain wave peak of the aluminum sheath corresponding to the to-be-processed region, the adjacent wave peaks on both sides of the injection point are selected as the monitoring points, and the laser spectrometer or other equipment is deployed at the monitoring points to observe whether the tracer gas appears, the side where the tracer gas appears first is the downstream direction, and the other side is the upstream direction.

[0095] In the above embodiment, the directional airflow can push the moisture to the downstream for discharge, avoiding gas retention, and the negative pressure suction can enhance the moisture stripping effect of the wrinkle region.

[0096] In one embodiment, after determining the to-be-processed region based on the moisture concentration distribution map, the method further includes: detecting the hydrogen concentration of the to-be-processed region; and if the hydrogen concentration is greater than a third threshold, injecting conductive aerosol into the to-be-processed region.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, after the gas sample is collected, the hydrogen concentration in the gas sample can be detected by the gas chromatograph or other equipment, if the hydrogen concentration is greater than a safety threshold, hydrogen accumulation is easy to cause partial discharge, and conductive aerosol can be injected into the to-be-processed region.

[0098] The conductive aerosol can be composed of charged microparticles, and can contain a high electronegativity gas (a gas that easily captures free electrons and inhibits ionization) or a discharge inhibition gas (a gas that blocks the discharge chain reaction through molecular structure). After injection, the conductive aerosol can quickly fill the buffer layer air gap, and the charged microparticles mixed with hydrogen gas can inhibit hydrogen ionization through physical adsorption and chemical neutralization, reducing the risk of partial discharge.

[0099] In the above embodiment, by detecting the hydrogen concentration and injecting the conductive aerosol, the hydrogen hazard remaining after the moisture repair in the cable buffer layer can be directly intervened, the hydrogen activity can be efficiently neutralized, and the insulation strength of the gas medium can be improved, thereby blocking the formation of the discharge channel, and the residual components can also form a persistent protective layer in the to-be-processed area. Even if a small amount of moisture or hydrogen seeps in later, the stability of the local gas environment can still be maintained, and the deterioration process can be delayed. This active protection mechanism can greatly improve the long-term reliability of the repaired cable buffer layer and reduce the need for repeated maintenance.

[0100] Figure 5 A cable buffer layer repair process is provided for the present application. As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The process can specifically include the following steps:

[0101] Step S501, installing a fixed air nozzle at both ends of the cable.

[0102] Exemplarily, the specific installation operation of the fixed air nozzle is as follows:

[0103] S5011, stripping the outer sheath of the cable at an appropriate position;

[0104] S5012, at the peak position of the cable aluminum sheath, a drill with a stopper is used to drill a hole, the outer diameter of the inflation nozzle is slightly larger than the diameter of the drill bit, and interference fit is achieved. The limiting depth is slightly larger than the thickness of the corrugated aluminum sheath and smaller than the thickness of the buffer layer air gap, to prevent damage to the buffer belt;

[0105] S5013, welding the fixed air nozzle to the aluminum sheath, ensuring that the welding is firm and airtight;

[0106] S5014, filling the AB glue at the two outer sheath hole positions, and then wrapping the waterproof self-adhesive tape on the surface for recovery.

[0107] Step S502, extracting the buffer layer gas for detection.

[0108] Exemplarily, the buffer layer gas of the two cables can be detected by gas chromatography, and the initial moisture content in the buffer layer can be detected by a dew point instrument.

[0109] Step S503, when the moisture or hydrogen content in the buffer layer gas is greater than the threshold value, nitrogen replacement treatment is performed on the cable, and the water content of the buffer layer gas is detected after replacement.

[0110] Exemplarily, the specific implementation steps of the nitrogen replacement treatment are as follows:

[0111] S5031, calculate the value range of the cable buffer layer volume that needs to be subjected to nitrogen replacement treatment;

[0112] S5032, determine the number of nitrogen cylinders needed according to the Van der Waals equation;

[0113] S5033, install a pressure reducing valve on the nitrogen cylinder and adjust the nitrogen output pressure to a suitable range;

[0114] S5034, connect the pressure reducing valve and the cable head end gas nozzle with a silica gel tube, and ensure that the connection is sealed well;

[0115] S5035, slowly introduce nitrogen into the cable head end gas nozzle, and simultaneously measure the gas pressure at the cable tail end gas nozzle at regular time intervals. When the gas pressure at the cable tail end gas nozzle reaches a value close to the nitrogen output gas pressure, stop the inflation;

[0116] S5036, after a period of standing, measure the gas pressures at the cable head end gas nozzle and the cable tail end gas nozzle respectively. If the gas pressures at the two nozzles are equal, it can be considered that the internal gas has reached an equilibrium state;

[0117] S5037, connect the cable tail end gas nozzle and the air pump with a silica gel tube. Open the air pump to exhaust, and record the gas pressure at the cable head end gas nozzle at regular time intervals. When the gas pressure at the cable head end gas nozzle drops to a value much lower than the external atmospheric pressure, connect a gas bag with a certain capacity to the air pump to collect part of the buffer layer gas in the gas bag;

[0118] S5038, use a dew point meter to detect the collected gas to judge the water removal effect. If the water content is high, repeat steps S5035-S5037 until the water content meets the standard;

[0119] S5039, again slowly introduce nitrogen into the cable head end gas nozzle, and simultaneously measure the gas pressure at the cable tail end gas nozzle at regular time intervals. When the gas pressure at the cable tail end gas nozzle reaches a value equal to the atmospheric pressure, stop the inflation and close all valves.

[0120] Step S504, periodically take samples through the gas nozzle to judge the development status of the cable defects.

[0121] Exemplarily, gas samples can be periodically collected through the gas nozzle to judge the severity of the cable buffer layer defects, and inert gas replacement and conductive aerosol injection and other methods can be used for repair.

[0122] A specific operation process based on the above cable buffer layer repair method can include:

[0123] The outer sheath of the cable is stripped at two appropriate locations of the cable, and the stripping length is about 5 cm for ease of recovery. At the peak position of the aluminum sheath of the cable, a drill with a limiter is used to drill a hole, the drill bit diameter is 2.8 mm, the outer diameter of the inflation nozzle is 3.0 mm, and an interference fit is achieved. The limiting depth is slightly greater than the thickness of the corrugated aluminum sheath and less than the thickness of the buffer layer air gap, preventing damage to the buffer belt. A fixed inflation nozzle is welded to the aluminum sheath using a laser welding method, ensuring that the welding is firm and the air tightness is good. The cable head inflation nozzle is inflation nozzle A, and the cable end inflation nozzle is inflation nozzle B. AB glue is used to fill the two outer sheath hole locations, and then waterproof self-adhesive tape is wound on the surface for recovery. The number of nitrogen cylinders needed is estimated according to the cable structure parameters, and the calculation formulas are shown in (1) and (2). Install a pressure reducing valve on the nitrogen cylinder and adjust the nitrogen output pressure to 0.35 MPa. Connect the pressure reducing valve and inflation nozzle A with a silica gel tube to ensure good sealing. Close the valve of inflation nozzle B to ensure that the gas does not leak. Slowly introduce nitrogen, and measure the gas pressure at inflation nozzle B at regular intervals. When the gas pressure at inflation nozzle B reaches 0.3 MPa, stop inflating and close the valve of inflation nozzle A. After a period of time, measure the gas pressure at inflation nozzle A and inflation nozzle B, respectively. If the gas pressures at the two nozzles are equal, it is considered that the internal gas has reached an equilibrium state. Connect inflation nozzle B and the air pump with a silica gel tube. Turn on the air pump to pump air, and record the gas pressure at inflation nozzle A at regular intervals. When the gas pressure at inflation nozzle A drops to -0.02 MPa, connect a 15L gas bag to the air pump to collect the remaining gas in the buffer layer into the gas bag. Stop the air pumping operation and close the valve of inflation nozzle B. Use a dew point meter to detect the collected gas to determine the water removal effect. If the water content is high, repeat steps 9-11 until the water content meets the standard. Again, introduce nitrogen through inflation nozzle A, repeat the previous connection and operation until the gas pressure at inflation nozzle B stabilizes at 0.1 MPa (one atmosphere). After completion, close all inflation nozzle valves. Install a rubber sheath at the inflation nozzle to protect the inflation nozzle from damage or scratches, and to ensure the safety of subsequent operations by the experimenters. Regularly take samples through the gas sampling nozzle and use gas chromatography to detect the composition in the air gap to determine whether the nitrogen flushing operation needs to be repeated. If necessary, repeat the above related steps.

[0124] In the above examples, the nitrogen replacement can physically block the root cause of the development of the buffer layer defect, i.e., moisture intrusion, which has significant cost advantages and technical simplification features. There is no need to customize the conductive filler, and inert nitrogen is directly used to replace the original moisture-containing gas in the buffer layer to inhibit aluminum sheath corrosion and insulation layer aging from the source. Only a gas replacement device is needed during construction, avoiding the pressure equipment and nonlinear diffusion control problems required for conductive filler injection, greatly simplifying the operation process and reducing environmental risks. At the same time, nitrogen replacement can be flexibly applied to preventive maintenance (such as before new cable production) or early defect stages, and by regularly detecting gas composition (such as monitoring hydrogen content) and timely replacement, the defect can be effectively prevented from deteriorating to a serious level that requires high-cost conductive filler intervention. Through the nitrogen replacement process, residual moisture in the buffer layer can be efficiently discharged, combined with long-term stability monitoring, forming a complete technical closed loop from prevention to control.

[0125] The core advantage of the gas replacement method is to replace chemical repair with physical blocking, which fundamentally inhibits the necessary conditions for defect development, and complements the repair method of injecting conductive aerosol: the former focuses on prevention and early intervention, and the latter targets local repair of formed defects, and the two can work together to build a more perfect cable buffer layer defect prevention and control system.

[0126] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a cable buffer layer repair device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6, which includes: Figure 6

[0127] A sampling module 601 is configured to collect a gas sample of the cable buffer layer.

[0128] A distribution determination module 602 is configured to determine a moisture concentration distribution map of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample.

[0129] A region processing module 603 is configured to determine a to-be-processed region based on the moisture concentration distribution map, the to-be-processed region being a region in the buffer layer with a moisture concentration greater than a first threshold.

[0130] A gas injection module 604 is configured to inject inert gas into the to-be-processed region until the moisture concentration of the to-be-processed region is less than a second threshold, the second threshold being less than the first threshold.

[0131] ​In a possible implementation, the gas injection module 604 is further configured to: determine an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the to-be-processed region, the upstream direction and the downstream direction representing a natural diffusion direction of the gas; inject inert gas from one end of the to-be-processed region corresponding to the upstream direction, and apply negative pressure at one end of the to-be-processed region corresponding to the downstream direction; after the inert gas is injected, re-collect a gas sample of the to-be-processed region, and if the moisture concentration of the re-collected gas sample is greater than or equal to the second threshold, continue to inject the inert gas.

[0132] In a possible implementation, the gas injection module 604 is further configured to: inject a tracer gas at one end of the to-be-processed region, and monitor equidistant positions on both sides of the gas injection point, and the side on which the tracer gas is first monitored is the downstream direction.

[0133] In a possible implementation, the region processing module 603 is further configured to: detect a hydrogen concentration of the to-be-processed region; and if the hydrogen concentration is greater than a third threshold, inject a conductive aerosol into the to-be-processed region.

[0134] In a possible implementation, the sampling module 601 is further configured to: perform multi-point puncture sampling on the cable at preset intervals along the length direction of the cable, to obtain gas samples of different sampling points of the cable buffer layer, and record position information of the sampling points.

[0135] In a possible implementation, the distribution determination module 602 is further configured to: input the position information of the sampling points and the moisture concentration values of the gas samples of the sampling points into a pre-trained moisture diffusion prediction model, to obtain a moisture concentration distribution map output by the moisture diffusion prediction model; and the moisture diffusion prediction model is trained based on historical data of the same type of cable.

[0136] The cable buffer layer repairing apparatus provided in this embodiment can perform the method provided in the method embodiments, and has similar implementation principles and technical effects, which will not be described here in detail.

[0137] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in this application is shown in FIG. 7. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 7, the electronic device 70 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 701 and a memory 702. Optionally, the device 70 further includes a communication component 703. The processor 701, the memory 702, and the communication component 703 are connected through a bus 704.

[0138] In the specific implementation process, the at least one processor 701 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 702, so that the at least one processor 701 performs the method described above.

[0139] The specific implementation process of the processor 701 can refer to the method embodiments described above, which have similar implementation principles and technical effects, and thus will not be described here.

[0140] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the disclosed method can be directly embodied as hardware processor execution, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0141] The memory can include a random access memory (RAM), and can also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0142] The bus can be an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, a peripheral component (PCI) bus, an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application does not limit to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0143] The present application also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0144] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer execution instructions, and when the processor executes the computer execution instructions, the above method is implemented.

[0145] The above-mentioned readable storage medium can be realized by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage devices or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer.

[0146] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the device.

[0147] The division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there can be another division manner, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0148] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on multiple network units. According to actual needs, part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0149] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0150] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the parts of the technical solutions that essentially contribute to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the embodiments of the method of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0151] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by program instruction related hardware. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments are executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0152] Finally, it should be noted that: those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the application disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present application that follow the general principles of the present application and include common knowledge or conventional technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present application, and is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cable buffer layer repair method, characterized in that: include: Collect gas samples from the cable buffer layer; determining a moisture concentration distribution diagram of the buffer layer along the length of the cable based on the gas sample; determining a to-be-processed area based on the moisture concentration distribution map, the to-be-processed area being an area in the buffer layer where the moisture concentration is greater than a first threshold; Inert gas is injected into the area to be processed until the moisture concentration of the area to be processed is less than a second threshold value, and the second threshold value is less than the first threshold value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of injecting the inert gas into the area to be processed until the moisture concentration in the area to be processed is less than a second threshold value includes: Determining an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the area to be treated, wherein the upstream direction and the downstream direction represent a natural diffusion direction of gas; Injecting inert gas from an end of the area to be treated corresponding to an upstream direction, and applying negative pressure to an end of the area to be treated corresponding to a downstream direction; After the inert gas is injected, a gas sample is collected again from the area to be processed. If the moisture concentration of the recollected gas sample is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the inert gas is continued to be injected.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the upstream direction and the downstream direction of the area to be processed includes: Tracer gas is injected at one end of the area to be treated, and the gas injection point is monitored at equal distances on both sides. The side where the tracer gas is first detected is the downstream direction.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that After determining the area to be processed based on the moisture concentration distribution map, the method includes: detecting the hydrogen concentration in the area to be treated; If the hydrogen concentration is greater than a third threshold, conductive aerosol is injected into the area to be processed.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The collecting of gas samples from the cable buffer layer includes: The cable is punctured and sampled at multiple points along the length of the cable at preset intervals to obtain gas samples at different sampling points in the cable buffer layer, and the position information of the sampling points is recorded.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The determining of the moisture concentration distribution diagram of the buffer layer along the length direction of the cable according to the gas sample includes: Inputting the location information of the sampling point and the moisture concentration value of the gas sample at the sampling point into a pre-trained moisture diffusion prediction model to obtain a moisture concentration distribution map output by the moisture diffusion prediction model; The moisture diffusion prediction model is trained based on historical data of cables of the same type.

7. A cable buffer layer repair device, characterized in that: include: Sampling module, used to collect gas samples from the cable buffer layer; a distribution determination module, configured to determine a moisture concentration distribution diagram of the buffer layer along the length of the cable based on the gas sample; a region processing module, configured to determine a region to be processed based on the moisture concentration distribution map, wherein the region to be processed is a region in the buffer layer where the moisture concentration is greater than a first threshold; The gas injection module is used to inject inert gas into the area to be processed until the moisture concentration of the area to be processed is less than a second threshold value, and the second threshold value is less than the first threshold value.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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