Laminate, optical article, laminate containing coating laminate, lens, eyewear, and

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a laminate having excellent durability of a functional dye; and a coating-layer-containing laminate, an optical article, a lens, glasses, and a film for windows, each of which contains the laminate. According to one embodiment, a laminate is provided. This laminate is provided with a first optical substrate, a second optical substrate, a functional layer, a first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer. The first optical substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second optical substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface. The functional layer is located between the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The functional layer contains a resin and a functional pigment. The first adhesive layer bonds the first optical substrate and the functional layer. The second adhesive layer adheres the second optical substrate to the functional layer. At least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer contains at least one polyethylene resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a laminate, an optical article, a coating-containing laminate, a lens, eyeglasses, and a window film. BACKGROUND

[0002] Plastic eyeglasses are eyeglasses in which a plastic lens is used as a lens. A plastic lens is manufactured, for example, by subjecting a semi-finished lens as a semi-product to various processes. A functional layer such as a hard coat layer, an anti-reflection film, or the like is provided on the convex surface, that is, the front surface of the semi-finished lens. In addition, the concave surface, that is, the back surface of the semi-finished lens is subjected to cutting and polishing processes.

[0003] In recent years, light-adjustable lenses having photochromic properties in which the color tone changes depending on the amount of ultraviolet light have attracted attention. A light-adjustable lens is obtained by imparting a photochromic compound to a plastic lens. The photochromic compound is a compound that can reversibly generate two or more isomers having mutually different light absorption spectra by the action of light.

[0004] As a method for manufacturing a photochromic lens, a kneading method in which a photochromic compound is dispersed in the matrix of a semi-finished lens, and a lamination method in which a layer containing a photochromic compound is provided on the surface of a semi-finished lens, and the like have been used in the past.

[0005] The adhesive sheet method is a method in which a resin layer containing a photochromic compound is sandwiched with two optical sheets to form an adhesive sheet, and the adhesive sheet is integrated with a lens base material to manufacture a semi-finished lens. In this method, for example, the adhesive sheet is installed in a mold, and a thermoplastic resin is injection-molded thereto, whereby a semi-finished lens is obtained. According to the adhesive sheet method, a self-supporting article containing a photochromic compound can be used to manufacture a semi-finished lens, and therefore, compared to the kneading method and the lamination method, there is a tendency that the production efficiency is improved and mass production becomes easy.

[0006] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0007] PATENT DOCUMENTS

[0008] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-033131

[0009] Patent Document 2: International Publication No. 2019 / 163728

[0010] Patent Document 3: International Publication No. 2017 / 154901

[0011] Patent Document 4: U.S. Patent No. 11754860 SUMMARY

[0012] PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0013] An object of the present application is to provide a laminate in which the durability of a functional pigment is excellent, and a coated laminate, an optical article, a lens, eyeglasses, and a window film including the laminate.

[0014] Solution to the problem

[0015] According to the present disclosure, a laminate is provided. The laminate includes a first optical substrate, a second optical substrate, a functional layer, a first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer. The first optical substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second optical substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface. The functional layer is between the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The functional layer includes a resin and a functional pigment. The first adhesive layer adheres the first optical substrate to the functional layer. The second adhesive layer adheres the second optical substrate to the functional layer. At least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer includes at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin.

[0016] According to the present disclosure, a coated laminate is provided. The coated laminate includes the laminate of the embodiments and a coating layer. The coating layer covers at least a portion of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The coating layer includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, an oxetane resin, an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, and a urethane resin.

[0017] According to the present disclosure, an optical article is provided. The optical article includes the laminate or the coated laminate of the embodiments.

[0018] According to the present disclosure, a lens is provided. The lens includes the optical article of the embodiments.

[0019] According to the present disclosure, eyeglasses are provided. The eyeglasses include the lens of the other embodiments.

[0020] Effects of the invention

[0021] According to the present application, a laminate in which the durability of a functional pigment is excellent, and a coated laminate, an optical article, a lens, eyeglasses, and a window film including the laminate can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of the laminate of the embodiments.

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of the coated laminate of the embodiments.

[0024] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of the optical article of the embodiments.

[0025] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing one example of eyeglasses of an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] According to an embodiment, a laminate is provided. The laminate includes a first optical substrate, a second optical substrate, a functional layer, a first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer. The first optical substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface. The second optical substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface. The functional layer is between the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The functional layer includes a resin and a functional pigment. The first adhesive layer adheres the first optical substrate to the functional layer. The second adhesive layer adheres the second optical substrate to the functional layer. At least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer includes at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin.

[0027] The laminate of the embodiment is used as the above-described adhesive sheet, for example. Such a laminate is sometimes required to have durability of the functional pigment. That is, the functional pigment such as a photochromic compound includes a compound that undergoes a structural change, develops color, fades color, or changes color by energy such as light. When the functional pigment is oxidized by oxygen or the like, the structural change is difficult to occur, and the functionality can be reduced. In the laminate of the embodiment, at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer includes at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin. It is considered that the polyvinyl-based resin functions as an adhesive and also functions as a barrier layer that inhibits oxygen permeation. Therefore, the functional pigment contained in the functional layer in contact with such an adhesive layer is less likely to deteriorate. Thus, according to the embodiment, a laminate having excellent durability of the functional pigment can be achieved.

[0028] Hereinafter, the laminate of the embodiment will be described in detail.

[0029] [LAMINATE]

[0030] As described above, the laminate of the embodiment can be used as an adhesive sheet. The laminate of the embodiment can be particularly used as a functional sheet in which a functional pigment such as a photochromic compound is compounded in a functional layer.

[0031] The thickness of the laminate of the embodiment is preferably 100 μm or more, more preferably 120 μm or more, and further preferably 150 μm or more. When the thickness of the laminate is thick, there is a tendency that the shape stability is improved. The thickness of the laminate is not particularly limited, and according to one example, is 1000 μm or less, according to another example, is 500 μm or less, and further preferably is 400 μm or less. If the thickness is thin, the operability can be improved when manufacturing eyeglasses having a thin center thickness.

[0032] Figure 1is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of a laminate of the embodiment. Figure 1 The illustrated laminate 1 is provided with a first optical substrate 2, a second optical substrate 3, a functional layer 4 interposed therebetween, a first adhesive layer FA positioned between the functional layer 4 and the first optical substrate 2, and a second adhesive layer SA positioned between the functional layer 4 and the second optical substrate 3. The first optical substrate 2 is provided with a first main surface 2a and a second main surface 2b. The first main surface 2a constitutes one of the outermost surfaces of the laminate 1. The second main surface 2b is in contact with the first adhesive layer FA. The second optical substrate 3 is provided with a first main surface 3a and a second main surface 3b. The first main surface 3a constitutes the other of the outermost surfaces of the laminate 1. The second main surface 3b is in contact with the second adhesive layer SA.

[0033] <First and second optical substrates>

[0034] The first and second optical substrates can use an optical film or sheet having visible light transmittance. The first and second optical substrates can be a colorless transparent film, a translucent film, or a colored transparent film.

[0035] The thickness of the first and second optical substrates is, for example, 10 μm or more and 100 μm or less, and is preferably 20 μm or more and 80 μm or less. The thickness of the second optical substrate can be the same as or different from the thickness of the first optical substrate.

[0036] The first and second optical substrates are preferably a resin film or a resin sheet. As the resin, at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a cellulose resin, an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane urea resin, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, an epoxy resin, a polyolefin resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, and a polycarbonate resin can be used.

[0037] It is preferable that at least one of the first and second optical substrates be composed of a saponified triacetyl cellulose resin.

[0038] In the optical substrate, the contact angle of pure water with respect to the saponification-treated portion is, for example, 60° or less. When the contact angle is low, there is a tendency that the adhesion between the optical substrate and other members improves. The contact angle is preferably 50° or less, more preferably 30° or less, and further preferably 15° or less. The lower limit of the contact angle is 5° according to one example, and 10° according to another example. The contact angle can be measured, for example, using a DropMaster 500 manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.

[0039] As the optical substrate, a TAC film of which at least a part of the first and second main surfaces is saponified can be used. As the optical substrate, a TAC film of which at least one of the first and second main surfaces is saponified over the entire surface is preferable, and a TAC film of which both surfaces are saponified is more preferable. It is preferable that both of the first and second optical substrates are saponified TAC films, but one of them can be a TAC film which is not saponified, or a resin film other than a TAC resin.

[0040] As the cellulose resin, for example, diacetyl cellulose, tripropyl cellulose, dipropyl cellulose, and the like can be exemplified.

[0041] As the polyamide resin, for example, a polyamide resin obtained by polycondensation of ω-aminocarboxylic acid such as ε-caprolactam, 10-aminodecanoic lactam, ω-lauryl lactam, a polyamide resin obtained by co-polycondensation of a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid, and a copolymer thereof can be used. Among the polyamides obtained by co-polycondensation, an alicyclic polyamide resin or a semi-aromatic polyamide resin is preferable.

[0042] As the polyester resin, for example, a condensate of a dicarboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and the like and a diol such as ethylene glycol, butanediol, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol, and the like can be exemplified.

[0043] As the (meth)acrylic resin, for example, a homopolymer of methyl methacrylate or the like, or a resin composed of a copolymer of a plurality of (meth)acrylic monomers can be used.

[0044] As the polyurethane resin and the polyurethane urea resin, a known resin obtained by reacting a diisocyanate compound such as isophorone diisocyanate and a polyol compound such as a polycarbonate polyol, a polyester polyol, and the like can be used. Further, a polyurethane resin or a polyurethane urea resin obtained by reacting a chain extender such as a low-molecular-weight diol, triol, diamine, triamine, and the like can be preferably used.

[0045] As the polyimide resin, a polymer of an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid and an aromatic diamine can be used. As the aromatic tetracarboxylic acid, for example, pyromellitic acid, 3,3',4,4'-diphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,3',3,4'-diphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)propane, pyridine-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof, or acid dianhydride, or an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid derived from an ester compound or a halide of the acid thereof can be exemplified.

[0046] As the epoxy resin, for example, a resin obtained by condensation reaction of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, or the like and epichlorohydrin, or other functional epoxy resins, a biphenyl type epoxy resin, and the like can be suitably used.

[0047] As the polyolefin resin, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-a-olefin copolymer, and propylene-a-olefin copolymer, and the like can be preferably used.

[0048] <Functional layer>

[0049] The functional layer contains a resin and a functional pigment. As the resin, at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane urea resin, a polythiourethane resin, and a polythiourethane urea resin can be used. The functional layer can contain a cured product of a functional layer-forming composition described later.

[0050] The thickness of the functional layer is, for example, 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. The thickness of the functional layer can be thinner than the thickness of the first and second optical substrates, or can be thicker.

[0051] (Functional layer-forming composition)

[0052] The functional layer-forming composition can contain a functional pigment and a polymerization component. The polymerization component becomes a matrix of the adhesive layer. The polymerization component contains a second prepolymer, or a first polymer and a second prepolymer or a third prepolymer. In other words, the functional layer-forming composition can contain the following combinations: a first combination of a polymerization component containing only the second prepolymer and the functional pigment, a second combination of a polymerization component containing the first polymer and the second prepolymer and the functional pigment, a third combination of a polymerization component containing the first polymer and the third prepolymer and the functional pigment, a fourth combination of a polymerization component containing the first polymer, the second prepolymer, and the third prepolymer and the functional pigment, and a fifth combination of a polymerization component containing only the first polymer and the functional pigment.

[0053] (Functional pigment)

[0054] The functional pigment contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound, an ultraviolet absorber, a blue light absorber, an infrared absorber, a dye, and an electrochromic compound.

[0055] As the photochromic compound, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a fulgimide compound, a fulgide compound, and a spirooxazine compound is used. As the photochromic compound, a fulgimide compound is preferably used. The fulgimide compound contains a compound having a 1-benzopyran skeleton, a spiro-pyrane compound having a spiro-pyrane skeleton, and a naphtho-pyrane compound having a naphtho-pyrane skeleton. The naphtho-pyrane compound includes an indeno-naphtho-pyrane compound having an indeno-naphtho-pyrane skeleton. The fulgimide compound preferably contains an indeno-naphtho-pyrane compound having an indeno[2, 1-f]naphtho[1, 2-b]pyran skeleton. The cured product of the fulgimide compound containing a fulgimide compound having an indeno[2, 1-f]naphtho[1, 2-b]pyran skeleton has a tendency to have excellent durability.

[0056] The indenonaphthopyran compound preferably comprises a compound represented by the following formula (IIIa).

[0057]

[0058] In formula (IIIa), Z ring is a substituted or unsubstituted spiro ring having a carbon atom at the 13th position as a spiro atom. Z ring can form an aliphatic ring together with the carbon atom at the 13th position, can form a fused polycyclic ring, can form a heterocyclic ring, or can form a heterocyclic aromatic ring. Z ring is preferably an aliphatic ring having 5 to 16 ring member carbons. The aliphatic ring is further preferably substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbons as a substituent group.

[0059] In formula (IIIa), R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , and R 17 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a haloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, a heterocyclic group which can have a substituent group, a halogen atom, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group which can have a substituent group, a nitro group, a formyl group, a hydroxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aralkyl group which can have a substituent group, an aralkoxy group which can have a substituent group, an aryloxy group which can have a substituent group, an aryl group which can have a substituent group, a heteroaryl group which can have a substituent group, a thiol group, an alkoxyalkylthio group, a haloalkylthio group, a cycloalkylthio group which can have a substituent group, or an oligomer group.

[0060] The number of carbons of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 10. As examples of the alkyl group, there can be mentioned methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, and hexyl.

[0061] The number of carbons of the haloalkyl group is preferably 1 to 10. As the haloalkyl group, an alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a bromine atom is preferred. As examples of the preferred haloalkyl group, there can be mentioned trifluoromethyl, tetrafluoroethyl, chloromethyl, 2-chloroethyl, and bromomethyl.

[0062] The number of ring member carbons of the cycloalkyl group is preferably 3 to 8. As examples of the cycloalkyl group, there can be mentioned cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl. Note that the cycloalkyl group can have a substituent group, but the number of carbons (3 to 8) does not include the number of carbons of the substituent group.

[0063] The number of carbons of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 6. As examples of the suitable alkoxy group, there can be mentioned methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, and t-butoxy.

[0064] The amino group is a primary amino group (-NH2). A substituted amino group is a secondary or tertiary amino group in which one or two hydrogen atoms are replaced. Examples of substituents possessed by the substituted amino group include alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, haloalkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and heteroaryl groups having 4 to 14 carbon atoms. Preferred examples of the amino group include amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino, phenylamino, and diphenylamino.

[0065] The number of atoms in the heterocyclic group is preferably 3 to 10. The heterocyclic group may be an aliphatic heterocyclic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group. Specific examples of aliphatic heterocyclic groups include morpholinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, and N-methylpiperazinyl. Specific examples of aromatic heterocyclic groups include indolyl. The heterocyclic group may have a substituent. Preferred substituents include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Preferred heterocyclic groups having a substituent include 2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl, 2,6-dimethylpiperidinyl, and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl.

[0066] Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.

[0067] The number of carbon atoms in the alkylthio group is preferably 1 to 10. Examples of the alkylthio group include a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, an n-propylthio group, an isopropylthio group, an n-butylthio group, a sec-butylthio group, and a tert-butylthio group.

[0068] The number of carbon atoms in the arylthio group is preferably 6 to 10. Examples of the arylthio group include a phenylthio group, a 1-naphthylthio group, and a 2-naphthylthio group.

[0069] The number of carbon atoms in the alkylcarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 10. Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include an acetyl group and an ethylcarbonyl group.

[0070] The number of carbon atoms in the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 10. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include a methoxycarbonyl group and an ethoxycarbonyl group.

[0071] The number of carbon atoms in the aralkyl group is preferably 7 to 11. Examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group, a phenylethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a phenylbutyl group, and a naphthylmethyl group.

[0072] The number of carbon atoms in the aralkyloxy group is preferably 7 to 11. Examples of the aralkyloxy group include a benzyloxy group and a naphthylmethoxy group.

[0073] The number of carbon atoms in the aryl group is preferably 6 to 12. Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, and a 2-naphthyl group.

[0074] The number of carbon atoms in the aryloxy group is preferably 6 to 12. Examples of the aryloxy group include a phenoxy group and a naphthoxy group.

[0075] The number of carbon atoms in the heteroaryl group is preferably 3 to 12. Examples of the heteroaryl group include a thienyl group, a furyl group, a pyrrolinyl group, a pyridyl group, a benzothienyl group, a benzofuranyl group, and a benzopyrrolinyl group.

[0076] The number of carbon atoms in the alkoxyalkylthio group is preferably 2 to 10. Examples of the alkoxyalkylthio group include a methoxymethylthio group, a methoxyethylthio group, a methoxy-n-propylthio group, a methoxy-n-butylthio group, an ethoxyethylthio group, and a n-propoxypropylthio group.

[0077] The number of carbon atoms in the halogenoalkylthio group is preferably 1 to 10. Examples of the halogenoalkylthio group include a trifluoromethylthio group, a tetrafluoroethylthio group, a chloromethylthio group, a 2-chloroethylthio group, and a bromomethylthio group.

[0078] The number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkylthio group is preferably 3 to 8. Examples of the cycloalkylthio group include cyclopropylthio, cyclobutylthio, cyclopentylthio, and cyclohexylthio. Note that the cycloalkylthio group may have a substituent, but the number of carbon atoms in the substituent is not included in the carbon number (3 to 8).

[0079] The oligomer group comprises an oligomer chain, a linking group, and a terminal group.

[0080] The oligomer chain may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyalkylene oxide chain, a polysiloxane chain, and a polyester chain. The oligomer chain is a divalent group.

[0081] The polyalkylene oxide chain has a linear or branched polyalkylene oxide having a carbon number of 1 to 10 as a repeating unit. The number of repetitions of the repeating unit is, for example, 3 to 1000. The repeating unit is, for example, -CH2O-, -CH2CH2O-, -CH(CH3)CH2O-, -CH2CH(CH3)O-, -CH2CH2CH2O-, or -CH2CH2C(CH3)O-.

[0082] The polysiloxane chain has, for example, a dimethylsilyleneoxy group (—Si(CH 3 ) 2 O—) as a repeating unit. The number of repetitions of the repeating unit is, for example, 3 or more and 1000 or less.

[0083] The polyester chain has, for example, -OC(=O)CH2-, -OC(=O)CH2CH2CH2CH2C(=O)O-, or -OC(=O)CH2CH2CH2CH2C(=O)OCH2CH2- as a repeating unit. The number of repetitions of the repeating unit is, for example, 3 or more and 1000 or less.

[0084] The linking group binds the photochromic compound to one end of the oligomer chain. The linking group is, for example, -0-, -0-CH2CH2-0-, -0-CH2CH2-OC(=0)CH2CH2C(=0)-0-, or -0-CH2CH2-OC(=0)CH2CH2C(=0)-0-CH2-. The linking group can be a divalent group, or a group of valence two or more.

[0085] The terminal group is bonded to the other end of the oligomer chain. The terminal group is, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbons, a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbons, a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 or more and 30 or less carbons, or an organic residue having 1 or more and 10 or less carbons and 1 or more and 3 or less oxygens. The terminal group is preferably a methyl group.

[0086] The oligomer group can include a first linking group, an oligomer chain, and a second linking group. The first linking group and the second linking group can have the same structure as each other, or can have different structures from each other. The first linking group is connected to a first photochromic compound. The second linking group is connected to a second photochromic compound. The first photochromic compound and the second photochromic compound can have the same structure as each other, or can have different structures from each other.

[0087] The above-mentioned cycloalkyl group, arylthio group, aralkyl group, aralkoxy group, aryloxy group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, and cycloalkylthio group can be unsubstituted, or can have a substituent group.

[0088] The substituent group that the cycloalkyl group, arylthio group, aralkyl group, aralkoxy group, aryloxy group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, and cycloalkylthio group can have can be selected from the group of substituent groups consisting of a primary amino group, secondary amino group, tertiary amino group, alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons, haloalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons, alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbons, haloalkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbons, alkylthio group having 1 to 10 carbons, hydroxyl group, cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbons, aryl group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbons, alkylaryl group having 1 or more and 20 or less carbons, heterocycloalkyl group having 1 or more and 8 or less carbons including 1 or more and 5 or less heteroatoms, heteroaryl group having 1 or more and 8 or less carbons including 1 or more and 5 or less heteroatoms, aryloxy group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbons, arylthio group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbons, cyano group, nitro group, and halogen atom. The number of substituent groups can be 1, or can be 2 or more.

[0089] R 13 and R 14 , R 14 and R 15 , and R 15 and R 16They may be bonded to each other to form an aliphatic ring having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an aliphatic heterocyclic ring having 1 to 4 carbon atoms containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms, an aromatic ring having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 3 to 11 carbon atoms containing 1 to 6 heteroatoms. The aliphatic ring, aliphatic heterocyclic ring, aromatic ring, and aromatic heterocyclic ring may be unsubstituted or may have at least one substituent selected from the group of substituents described above.

[0090] In formula (IIIa), m is an integer of 0 or more and 4 or less. m may be 1 or more, or 2 or more.

[0091] The ultraviolet absorber has an absorption wavelength in the ultraviolet (UV) region below 400 nm. The ultraviolet absorber may have a maximum absorption wavelength in a region between 330 nm and 380 nm, or may have a maximum absorption wavelength in a region between 250 nm and less than 330 nm. As the ultraviolet absorber, an organic compound may be used. As the ultraviolet absorber, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of benzophenone derivatives, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, benzotriazole derivatives, and triazine derivatives may be used. The ultraviolet absorber preferably includes at least one selected from the group consisting of benzophenone derivatives, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, and benzotriazole derivatives.

[0092] As a blue light absorber, a compound having an absorption peak in the wavelength region between 400 nm and 450 nm in its absorption spectrum can be used. Such a compound is, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of perylene compounds, porphyrin compounds, carotenoid compounds, and cyanine compounds. As a blue light absorber, a porphyrin compound is preferably used, and a porphyrazine compound is more preferably used.

[0093] The high-energy visible light absorber is a blue light absorber having an absorption peak in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 420 nm. As the high-energy visible light absorber, the same substances as those for the blue light absorber can be used.

[0094] Dye is preferably included in the compound that has absorption peak in the wavelength region of more than 540nm and below 650nm in absorption spectrum, more preferably included in the compound that has absorption peak in the wavelength region of more than 550nm and below 600nm.If comprise such compound, then can improve the anti-glare property of optical article.As such compound, can enumerate nitro-based compound, azo-based compound, anthraquinone-based compound, threne (threne) based compound, porphyrin-based compound, rare earth metal compound etc.As such compound, preferably use at least one in the group being selected from free porphyrin tetrazolyl compound and neodymium compound composition.

[0095] As the electrochromic compound, an organic compound such as viologen, a polymer having electrochromic property, a metal salt complex having a d atom, and the like can be exemplified.

[0096] The proportion of the functional pigment in the solid content of the functional layer-forming composition is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and preferably 1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less.

[0097] (Second prepolymer)

[0098] The second prepolymer is obtained by reacting the first prepolymer with a second multifunctional active hydrogen compound as a chain extender, the first prepolymer being obtained by reacting a first multifunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound. The second prepolymer has two or more is(thio)cyanate groups. The second prepolymer preferably has is(thio)cyanate groups at both ends of the main chain. The second prepolymer contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a urethane prepolymer, a urea prepolymer, a urethane urea prepolymer, a thio urethane prepolymer, a thiourea prepolymer, and a thio urethane urea prepolymer. The second prepolymer forms at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a (thio)urethane resin, a (thio)urea resin, and a (thio)urethane urea resin by polymerization.

[0099] The number average molecular weight of the second prepolymer is preferably 3,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, and further preferably 13,000 or more. When a second prepolymer having a large number average molecular weight is used, there is a tendency that the peeling strength of the laminate is improved. That is, it is considered that a second prepolymer having a large number average molecular weight easily entangles with each other, and thus the cohesive force is improved, and thus the adhesive force is improved.

[0100] The number average molecular weight of the second prepolymer is preferably 50,000 or less, more preferably 40,000 or less, and further preferably 30,000 or less. When the number average molecular weight of the second prepolymer is too large, there is a tendency that the peeling strength of the laminate is reduced. That is, the amount of is(thio)cyanate groups contained per unit mass of the second prepolymer having a large number average molecular weight is small, and thus there is a tendency that the adhesive force is weakened.

[0101] The number average molecular weight of the second prepolymer can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). At the time of measurement, two columns, Shodex KD-806M (manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.), were connected in series, and measurement was performed under the following conditions: eluent: LiBr (10 mmol / L) / DMF solution, flow rate: 1 ml / min, detector: RI detector, second prepolymer sample solution: 1.0% dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. As the analysis software, GPC analysis software "Empower Personal GPC Option" (manufactured by Japan Waters K.K.) was used.

[0102] The softening point of the second prepolymer is preferably 70°C or higher, more preferably 100°C or higher, and further preferably 110°C or higher. When the softening point of the second prepolymer is high, there is a tendency that the heat resistance of the laminate and the adhesion are further improved. There is no particular upper limit to the softening point of the second prepolymer, and according to one example, it is 200°C or lower, and according to another example, it is 160°C or lower.

[0103] The softening point of the second prepolymer is measured, for example, by the following method. First, the second prepolymer is dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a solution. The concentration of the second prepolymer in the solution is set to 34% by mass, for example. The solution is flowed into a stainless steel container, dried at 40°C for 10 hours, dried at 60°C for 10 hours, and further dried at 60°C for 12 hours using a vacuum drier to produce a test piece having a thickness of 1 mm. The obtained test piece is analyzed using a thermal mechanical measuring device (TMA120C manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.) to obtain the softening point. The measurement conditions are set to a temperature increase rate of 10°C / minute, a measurement temperature range of 30°C to 200°C, and a needle penetration probe having a front end diameter of 0.5 mm.

[0104] The second prepolymer can account for a major component in the solid content of the functional layer-forming composition. The proportion of the second prepolymer in the solid content of the functional layer-forming composition is, for example, 90% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less. Note that, in the case where the functional layer-forming composition is the second or fourth combination of the polymeric component including the first polymer and the second prepolymer and the photochromic compound, the proportion of the second prepolymer in the solid content of the functional layer-forming composition is, for example, 5% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less.

[0105] (First prepolymer)

[0106] The first prepolymer is obtained by reacting a first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound. The first prepolymer has two or more is(thio)cyanate groups. The first prepolymer preferably has is(thio)cyanate groups at both ends of the main chain. The first prepolymer contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a urethane prepolymer, a urea prepolymer, a thiourethane prepolymer, and a thiourea prepolymer. The first prepolymer is a raw material of the second prepolymer.

[0107] The number average molecular weight of the first prepolymer is preferably 500 or more and 10,000 or less, and more preferably 1,000 or more and 5,000 or less. The number average molecular weight of the first prepolymer can be measured by the same method as that for the second prepolymer.

[0108] (First is(thio)cyanate compound)

[0109] The first iso(thio)cyanate compound has two or more iso(thio)cyanate groups. The first iso(thio)cyanate compound preferably has two iso(thio)cyanate groups. The first iso(thio)cyanate compound is more preferably a diisocyanate compound containing two isocyanate groups.

[0110] The molar mass of the first iso(thio)cyanate compound is preferably 100 to 500. When the first iso(thio)cyanate compound is used within this range, there is a tendency to obtain a second prepolymer and a first polymer having a desired number average molecular weight. The molar mass of the first iso(thio)cyanate compound is more preferably 150 to 300.

[0111] The first iso(thio)cyanate compound comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic iso(thio)cyanate compound, an alicyclic iso(thio)cyanate compound, and an aromatic iso(thio)cyanate compound. The first iso(thio)cyanate compound is preferably an alicyclic iso(thio)cyanate compound. A single type of the first iso(thio)cyanate compound may be used, or a mixture of multiple types may be used.

[0112] Examples of the aliphatic isocyanate compound include pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, heptamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and 1,2-bis(2-isocyanatoethylthio)ethane.

[0113] Examples of alicyclic isocyanate compounds include isophorone diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate), norbornane diisocyanate, 2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptane, and 2,6-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptane.

[0114] Examples of the aromatic isocyanate compound include xylene diisocyanate (o-, m-, p-), toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,6-diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.

[0115] As examples of the aliphatic isothiocyanate compound, hexamethylene diisothiocyanate, 1,2-diisothiocyanatoethane, 1,3-diisothiocyanatopropane, 1,4-diisothiocyanatobutane, 1,6-diisothiocyanatohexane, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisothiocyanate, thiodi(3-isothiocyanatopropane), thiodi(2-isothiocyanatoethane), dithiodi(2-isothiocyanatoethane), and the like can be given.

[0116] As examples of the alicyclic isothiocyanate compound, isophorone diisothiocyanate, cyclohexane diisothiocyanate, 2,4-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, 2,5-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, 2,6-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, 3,5-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, norbornane diisothiocyanate, and the like can be given.

[0117] As examples of the aromatic isothiocyanate compound, p-phenylenediisopropylidene diisothiocyanate, 1,2-diisothiocyanatobenzene, 1,3-diisothiocyanatobenzene, 1,4-diisothiocyanatobenzene, 2,4-diisothiocyanatotoluene, xylene diisothiocyanate (o-, m-, p-), 2,4-tolylene dithiocyanate, 2,6-tolylene dithiocyanate, 1,1'-methylenebis(4-isothiocyanatobenzene), 1,1'-methylenebis(4-isothiocyanato-2-methylbenzene), 1,1'-methylenebis(4-isothiocyanato-3-methylbenzene), and the like can be given.

[0118] (First multifunctional active hydrogen compound)

[0119] The first multifunctional active hydrogen compound has two or more active hydrogen groups. The first multifunctional active hydrogen compound preferably has two active hydrogen groups. The active hydrogen group includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a mercapto group. The first multifunctional active hydrogen compound includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyol compound including two or more hydroxyl groups, a polyamine compound including two or more amino groups, a dicarboxylic acid including two carboxyl groups, and a polythiol compound including two or more mercapto groups. As the first multifunctional active hydrogen compound, a single kind can be used, or a plurality of kinds can be used in mixture.

[0120] The first multifunctional active hydrogen compound preferably includes a polyol compound. When a polyol compound is used, a first prepolymer having a (thio)urethane bond can be obtained. The repeating structural portion of the polyol compound can contribute to providing a matrix that does not easily hinder the structural change of the photochromic compound in the adhesive layer. When a polyol compound is used, there is a tendency that the photochromism of the laminate is improved.

[0121] The number average molecular weight of the polyol compound is preferably 500 or more and 3000 or less. When a polyol compound having a number average molecular weight within this range is used, there is a tendency to obtain a second prepolymer and a first polymer having a desired number average molecular weight. The number average molecular weight of the polyol compound is more preferably 800 or more and 2000 or less.

[0122] The polyol compound can contain at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyether polyol, a polyester polyol, a polycarbonate polyol, and a polycaprolactone polyol. The polyol compound preferably contains a polycarbonate polyol. When a polycarbonate polyol is used, there is a tendency for the adhesion of the laminate to be improved.

[0123] The polycarbonate polyol can be obtained, for example, by phosgenation of a low molecular polyol or by an ester exchange method of ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate, or the like. As examples of the low molecular polyol, there can be mentioned ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-4-butyl-1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexane-1,4-diol, cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol, dimer acid diol, ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A, propylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A, bis(β-hydroxyethyl)benzene, benzene dimethanol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and the like.

[0124] As the polycarbonate polyol, "Duranol (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, "Kuraray polyol (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., "PLACCEL (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Daicel Corporation, "NIPPOLLAN (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., "ETERNACOLL (registered trademark)" series manufactured by UBE Industries, Ltd., and the like can be used.

[0125] The polycaprolactone polyol is obtained, for example, by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. As the polycaprolactone polyol, "PLACCEL (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Daicel Corporation, and the like can be used.

[0126] The polyether polyol is obtained, for example, by reaction of a compound having two or more active hydrogen groups in the molecule with an alkylene oxide. As the compound having two or more active hydrogen groups, there can be mentioned water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, triethanolamine, diglycerol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, and the like. As the alkylene oxide, there can be mentioned ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, a cyclic ether compound such as tetrahydrofuran, and the like.

[0127] As the polyether polyol, "EXCENOL (registered trademark)" series and "EMALSTAR (registered trademark)" series manufactured by AGC Inc., "ADEKA Polyether" series manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, and the like can be given.

[0128] The polyester polyol is obtained, for example, by condensation reaction of a polyol with a polybasic acid. As the polyol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 3,3'-dihydroxymethylheptane, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, neopentyl glycol, 3,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)heptane, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, and the like can be given. As the polybasic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, cyclopentane dicarboxylic acid, cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, and the like can be given.

[0129] As the polyester polyol, "Polylite (registered trademark)" series manufactured by DIC Corporation, "NIPPOLLAN (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., "MAXIMOL (registered trademark)" series manufactured by Kawaski Kasei Co., Ltd., and the like can be used.

[0130] The polythiol compound can contain at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polythiol, aromatic polythiol, and polythiol containing sulfur atom other than mercapto group.

[0131] Examples of the aliphatic polythiol include: methanedithiol, 1,2-ethanedithiol, 1,1-propanedithiol, 1,2-propanedithiol, 1,3-propanedithiol, 2,2-propanedithiol, 1,6-hexanedithiol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, tetra(mercapto methyl)methane, 1,1-cyclohexanedithiol, 1,2-cyclohexanedithiol, 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-dithiol, 3,4-dimethoxybutane-1,2-dithiol, 2-methylcyclohexane-2,3-dithiol, 1,1-bis(mercapto methyl)cyclohexane, bis(2-mercaptoethyl)thiomalic acid, 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (2-mercaptoethyl ester), 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol (2-mercaptoacetate), 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol (3-mercaptoacetate), diethylene glycol bis(2-mercaptoacetate), diethylene glycol bis(3-mercapto propionate), 1,2-dimercaptopropyl methyl ether, 2,3-dimercaptopropyl methyl ether, 2,2-bis(mercapto methyl)-1,3-propanedithiol, and the like.

[0132] Examples of the aromatic polythiol include 1,2-dimercaptobenzene, 1,3-dimercaptobenzene, 1,4-dimercaptobenzene, 1,2-bis(mercaptomethyl)benzene, 1,3-bis(mercaptomethyl)benzene, 1,4-bis(mercaptomethyl)benzene, 1,3-bis(mercaptoethyl)benzene, 1,4-bis(mercaptoethyl)benzene, 1,2-bis(mercaptomethoxy)benzene, 1,3-bis(mercaptomethoxy)benzene, 1,4-bis(mercaptomethoxy)benzene, 1,2-bis(mercaptoethoxy)benzene, 1,3-bis(mercaptoethoxy)benzene, 1,4-bis(mercaptoethoxy)benzene, 1,2,3-trimercaptobenzene, 1,2,4-trimercaptobenzene, 1,3,5-trimercaptobenzene, 1,2,3-tris(mercaptomethyl)benzene, 1,2,4-tris(mercaptomethyl)benzene, 1,3,5-tris(mercaptomethyl)benzene, 1,2,3-tris(mercaptoethyl)benzene, 1,2,4-tris(mercaptoethyl)benzene, 1,3,5-tris(mercaptoethyl)benzene, 1,2,3-tris(mercaptomethoxy)benzene, 1,2,4-tris(mercaptomethoxy)benzene, 1,3,5-tris(mercaptomethoxy)benzene, 1,2,3-tris(mercaptoethoxy)benzene, 1,2,4-tris(mercaptoethoxy)benzene, 1,3,5-tris(mercaptoethoxy)benzene, 1,2,3,4-tetramercaptobenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramercaptobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramercaptobenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetrakis(mercaptomethyl)benzene, and the like.

[0133] Examples of the polythiol containing a sulfur atom other than a mercapto group include bis(mercaptomethyl)sulfide, bis(mercaptoethyl)sulfide, bis(mercaptopropyl)sulfide, bis(mercaptomethylthio)methane, bis(2-mercaptoethylthio)methane, bis(3-mercaptopropylthio)methane, 1,2-bis(mercaptomethylthio)ethane, 1,2-bis(2-mercaptoethylthio)ethane, 1,2-bis(3-mercaptopropylthio)ethane, 1,3-bis(mercaptomethylthio)propane, 1,3-bis(2-mercaptoethylthio)propane, 1,3-bis(3-mercaptopropylthio)propane, 1,2-bis(2-mercaptoethylthio)-3-mercaptopropane, 2-mercaptoethylthio-1,3-propanedithiol, 1,2,3-tris(mercaptomethylthio)propane, 1,2,3-tris(2-mercaptoethylthio)propane, and the like.

[0134] The amount of the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound is preferably adjusted so that the ratio M11 / M12 of the molar amount M11 of the active hydrogen groups contained in the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound to the molar amount M12 of the is(thio)cyanate groups contained in the first is(thio)cyanate compound becomes 0.30 or more and 0.90 or less. If the ratio M11 / M12 is within the above range, at least one of the urethane bond and the urea bond can be formed in the first prepolymer in a sufficient amount, and a soft adhesive layer which does not easily hinder the structural change of the photochromic compound can be formed. The ratio M11 / M12 is preferably 0.40 or more and 0.850 or less, and more preferably 0.50 or more and 0.80 or less.

[0135] The ratio S1 / S2 of the mass S1 of the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound to the mass S2 of the first is(thio)cyanate compound is preferably 0.1 or more and 10 or less. If the ratio S1 / S2 is within the above range, a second prepolymer having a sufficient amount of isocyanate groups per unit mass can be obtained. The ratio S1 / S2 is preferably 0.8 or more and 5 or less, and more preferably 1 or more and 4 or less.

[0136] (Second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound)

[0137] The second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound has two or more active hydrogen groups. The second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound reacts with the first prepolymer to form a second prepolymer. The second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound functions as a chain extender that links the first prepolymers to each other. The second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound preferably has two active hydrogen groups. As the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound, the compounds listed in the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound can be used.

[0138] The second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound preferably contains a polyamine. When a polyamine is used, a second prepolymer having a (thio)urethane urea bond can be obtained. When such a second prepolymer is used, there is a tendency that the adhesion of the laminate is improved. The molar mass of the polyamine is preferably 50 or more and 500 or less. When a polyamine having a molar mass within the range is used, there is a tendency that a second prepolymer having a desired number average molecular weight is obtained. The molar mass of the polyamine is more preferably 50 or more and 300 or less. The polyamine contains diamines and triamines, and preferably contains diamines.

[0139] As the polyamine, isophorone diamine, ethylene diamine, 1,2-diamino propane, 1,3-diamino propane, 1,2-diamino butane, 1,3-diamino butane, 1,4-diamino butane, 1,5-diamino pentane, 1,6-diamino hexane, piperazine, N,N-bis-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine, bis-(4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, bis-(4-amino-3-butylcyclohexyl) methane, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-diamino cyclohexane, norbornane diamine, hydrazine, adipic acid dihydrazine, phenylene diamine, 4,4'-diphenyl methane diamine, N,N'-diethyl ethylene diamine, N,N'-dimethyl ethylene diamine, N,N'-dipropyl ethylene diamine, N,N'-dibutyl ethylene diamine, N-methyl ethylene diamine, N-ethyl ethylene diamine, bis(hexamethylene) triamine, 1,2,5-pentane triamine, and the like can be given.

[0140] The polyamine preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of isophorone diamine, ethylene diamine, bis-(4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, and 1,6-diamino hexane.

[0141] The amount of the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound is preferably adjusted so that the ratio M13 / M14 of the molar amount M13 of the active hydrogen group contained in the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound to the molar amount M14 of the is(thio)cyanate group contained in the first prepolymer becomes 0.21 or more and 0.9 or less. If the ratio M13 / M14 is within the above range, a sufficient amount of the second prepolymer is generated.

[0142] The ratio S3 / S4 of the mass S3 of the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound to the mass S4 of the first prepolymer is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.5 or less. If the ratio S3 / S4 is within the above range, a second prepolymer having a sufficient amount of isocyanate group per unit mass can be obtained. The ratio S3 / S4 is more preferably 0.05 or more and 0.3 or less.

[0143] (First Polymer)

[0144] The first polymer is obtained by reacting the second prepolymer with a monofunctional active hydrogen compound having one active hydrogen group. The first polymer typically does not have an is(thio)cyanate group. The terminal of the first polymer is modified with a non-reactive functional group. The first polymer contains at least one selected from the group consisting of urethane polymer, urea polymer, urethane urea polymer, thio urethane polymer, thiourea polymer, and thio urethane urea polymer.

[0145] The first polymer chemically bonds with the second prepolymer or the third prepolymer and the hydroxyl group on the surface of the first and second substrates at high temperature to generate at least one selected from the group consisting of (thio)urethane resin, (thio)urea resin, and (thio)urethane urea resin.

[0146] The number average molecular weight of the first polymer is preferably 5,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, and further preferably 13,000 or more. When a first polymer having a large number average molecular weight is used, there is a tendency that the peeling strength of the laminate is improved. The number average molecular weight of the first polymer is preferably 50,000 or less, more preferably 40,000 or less, and further preferably 30,000 or less. When the number average molecular weight of the first polymer is too large, there is a tendency that the peeling strength of the laminate is decreased. The number average molecular weight can be measured by the same method as the second prepolymer.

[0147] The softening point of the first polymer is preferably 90°C or more, more preferably 100°C or more, and further preferably 110°C or more. When the softening point of the first polymer is high, there is a tendency that the heat resistance of the laminate is improved and the adhesion is further improved. The softening point of the first polymer is not particularly limited, and according to one example, it is 200°C or less, and according to another example, it is 160°C or less. The softening point of the mixture can be measured by the same method as the second prepolymer.

[0148] The first polymer can exist in the form of a mixture with the second prepolymer. The mixture of the first polymer and the second prepolymer is obtained by adjusting the amount of the monofunctional active hydrogen compound. That is, by adjusting the ratio M5 / M6 of the molar amount M6 of the is(thio)cyanate group contained in the second prepolymer to the molar amount M5 of the active hydrogen group contained in the monofunctional active hydrogen compound to be lower than 1, a mixture of the second prepolymer and the first polymer in which the is(thio)cyanate group of the second prepolymer is protected by the monofunctional active hydrogen compound is produced. The ratio M5 / M6 is preferably 0.75 or more and 0.95 or less.

[0149] The number average molecular weight of the mixture is preferably 5,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, and further preferably 13,000 or more. When a mixture having a large number average molecular weight is used, there is a tendency that the peeling strength of the laminate is improved. The number average molecular weight of the mixture is preferably 50,000 or less, more preferably 40,000 or less, and further preferably 30,000 or less. When the number average molecular weight of the mixture is too large, there is a tendency that the peeling strength of the laminate is decreased. The number average molecular weight can be measured by the same method as the second prepolymer.

[0150] The softening point of the mixture is preferably 90°C or more, more preferably 100°C or more, and further preferably 110°C or more. When the softening point of the mixture is high, there is a tendency that the heat resistance of the laminate is improved and the adhesion is further improved. The softening point of the mixture is not particularly limited, and according to one example, it is 200°C or less, and according to another example, it is 160°C or less. The softening point of the mixture can be measured by the same method as the second prepolymer.

[0151] In the case where the functional layer-forming composition is a second combination of a polymeric component including the first polymer and the second prepolymer and the photochromic compound, the proportion of the first polymer in the solid component of the functional layer-forming composition is, for example, 75% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less.

[0152] The mixture of the first polymer and the second prepolymer can include a fourth prepolymer. The fourth prepolymer is a compound in which a part of the is(thio)cyanate group of the second prepolymer is protected by a monofunctional active hydrogen compound and the remaining part is not protected. The fourth prepolymer can include one is(thio)cyanate group and one monofunctional active hydrogen compound protective group. The fourth prepolymer has an is(thio)cyanate group, and thus, like the second prepolymer, can improve the adhesion of the laminate.

[0153] The proportion of the first polymer in the mixture of the first polymer, the second prepolymer, and the fourth prepolymer is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less according to one example, and 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less according to another example. The proportion of the second prepolymer in the above mixture is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less according to one example, and 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less according to another example. The proportion of the fourth prepolymer in the above mixture is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less according to one example, and 40% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less according to another example.

[0154] The adhesive layer can be a cured product of the functional layer-forming composition including the first polymer, the second prepolymer, and the fourth prepolymer, or a cured product of the functional layer-forming composition including the first polymer and the fourth prepolymer.

[0155] (Monofunctional Active Hydrogen Compound)

[0156] The monofunctional active hydrogen compound has one active hydrogen group. The monofunctional active hydrogen compound reacts with the is(thio)cyanate group of the second prepolymer to generate the first polymer, and stops further reaction. The active hydrogen group includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a mercapto group.

[0157] The monofunctional active hydrogen compound includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a monohydric alcohol compound including one hydroxyl group, a monoamine compound including one amino group, a carboxylic acid including one carboxyl group, and a monothiol compound including one mercapto group. One kind of monofunctional active hydrogen compound can be used, or a plurality of kinds can be used in combination.

[0158] The monofunctional active hydrogen compound is preferably a monoamine compound. If a monoamine compound is used, a first polymer having a (thio)urea bond can be obtained.

[0159] The monofunctional active hydrogen compound preferably contains an amine having a 2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl moiety as represented by the following formula (3). The amine having a 2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl moiety can function as a hindered amine, and thus can improve the light stability of the laminate.

[0160]

[0161] In formula (3), R 21 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 or more and 3 or less carbon atoms. R 22 is an alkylene group having 1 or more and 3 or less carbon atoms. a is 0 or 1.

[0162] The monofunctional active hydrogen compound is preferably one in which R 21 is a methyl group, and a is 0, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-aminopiperidine.

[0163] The ratio S5 / S6 of the mass S5 of the monofunctional active hydrogen compound to the mass S6 of the second prepolymer is preferably 0.001 or more and 0.100 or less. If the ratio S5 / S6 is within the above range, a first prepolymer having a sufficient amount of isocyanate groups per unit mass can be obtained. The ratio S5 / S6 is more preferably 0.010 or more and 0.030 or less.

[0164] (third prepolymer)

[0165] The third prepolymer is a compound having two or more is(thio)cyanate groups obtained by reacting the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with the first is(thio)cyanate compound. That is, the third prepolymer is the same compound as the first prepolymer. The third prepolymer chemically bonds to the first prepolymer and the hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the first and second substrates at high temperatures to generate at least one selected from the group consisting of (thio)carbamate resins, (thio)urea resins, and (thio)carbamate urea resins.

[0166] In the case where the functional layer-forming composition is a third or fourth combination of the polymeric component containing the first polymer and the third prepolymer and the photochromic compound, the proportion of the third prepolymer in the solid component of the functional layer-forming composition is, for example, 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.

[0167] (additives)

[0168] The functional layer-forming composition can contain, for example, at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a polymerization catalyst, a polymerization initiator, an antistatic agent, an internal release agent, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a coloration preventive agent, a fluorescent dye, a dye, a pigment, a perfume, a solvent, a leveling agent, and a resin modifier. The functional layer-forming composition preferably contains at least one of an antioxidant and a leveling agent.

[0169] As the antioxidant, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, IRGANOX 245 manufactured by BASF Japan K.K.: ethylenebis (oxyethylene) bis [3, 5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl] propionate, IRGANOX 1076 manufactured by BASF Japan K.K.: octadecyl-3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, IRGANOX 1010 manufactured by BASF Japan K.K.: pentaerythritol tetra [3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], IRGANOX 1035, 1075, 104, 3790, 5057, 565, and the like manufactured by BASF Japan K.K. can be used.

[0170] As the leveling agent, a silicone surfactant, a fluorine-containing surfactant, or the like can be used. Specifically, L-7001, L-7002, L-7604, FZ-2123 manufactured by Dow-Toray Co., Ltd., MEGAFAC F-470, MEGAFAC F-1405, MEGAFAC F-479 manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd., FLUORAD FC-430 manufactured by 3M Japan Co., Ltd., and the like can be used.

[0171] As the light stabilizer, a compound of a hindered amine type having a 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl skeleton is preferably used, and commercially available products can be used. Examples which can be given include bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 1-[2-{3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy}ethyl]-4-{3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy}-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, methyl(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate, 2-[[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]methyl]-2-butylpropanedioic acid[1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl] ester, poly[{6-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl}{(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino}hexamethylene{(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino}], 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate, and the like. As trade names, the following can be given: the LA series (LA-52, LA-57, LA-63P, LA-68, LA-72, LA-77Y, LA-81, LA-82, and the like) of ADEKA Corporation, the TINUVIN (registered trademark) series (TINUVIN 123, TINUVIN 171, TINUVIN 249, TINUVIN 292, TINUVIN 765, TINUVIN 622SF, and the like) of BASF Japan K.K., the Chimassorb (registered trademark) series (Chimassorb 2020 FDL, Chimassorb 944 FDL), and the like.

[0172] The proportion of the additive in the solid content of the composition for forming a functional layer is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less.

[0173] (Organic solvent)

[0174] For the composition for forming a functional layer, an organic solvent can be included in order to adjust the viscosity thereof. The organic solvent can include at least one selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ketone, t-butanol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, and cyclohexanone.

[0175] The proportion of the organic solvent in the composition for forming a functional layer is, for example, 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less.

[0176] (Method for producing composition for functional layer formation)

[0177] The composition for functional layer formation is obtained, for example, by the following first to fifth production methods.

[0178] The first production method of the composition for functional layer formation includes: obtaining a first prepolymer by reacting a first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound; obtaining a second prepolymer by reacting the first prepolymer with a second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound; and mixing the second prepolymer, a functional pigment, and an optional additive.

[0179] The second production method of the composition for functional layer formation includes: obtaining a first prepolymer by reacting a first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound; obtaining a second prepolymer by reacting the first prepolymer with a second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound; obtaining a mixture of a first polymer and the second prepolymer by reacting the second prepolymer with a monofunctional active hydrogen compound; and mixing the first polymer, the second prepolymer, a functional pigment, and an optional additive.

[0180] The third production method of the composition for functional layer formation includes: obtaining a first prepolymer and a third prepolymer by reacting a first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound; obtaining a second prepolymer by reacting the first prepolymer with a second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound; obtaining a first polymer by reacting the second prepolymer with a monofunctional active hydrogen compound; and mixing the first polymer, the third prepolymer, a functional pigment, and an optional additive.

[0181] The fourth production method of the composition for functional layer formation includes: obtaining a first prepolymer by reacting a first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound; obtaining a second prepolymer by reacting the first prepolymer with a second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound; obtaining a mixture of a first polymer, the second prepolymer, and a fourth prepolymer by reacting the second prepolymer with a monofunctional active hydrogen compound; and mixing the first polymer, the second prepolymer, the fourth prepolymer, a functional pigment, and an optional additive.

[0182] The fifth production method of the composition for functional layer formation includes: obtaining a first prepolymer by reacting a first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound with a first is(thio)cyanate compound; obtaining a second prepolymer by reacting the first prepolymer with a second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound; obtaining a first polymer by reacting the second prepolymer with a monofunctional active hydrogen compound; and mixing the first polymer, a functional pigment, and an optional additive.

[0183] The reaction of the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound and the first is(thio)cyanate compound is preferably performed in the presence of an organic solvent. As the organic solvent, the above-described organic solvents can be used. The reaction is preferably performed under a nitrogen atmosphere. Further, the reaction is performed, for example, at a reaction temperature of 60°C or higher and 150°C or lower for 3 hours or more and 10 hours or less. The reaction is preferably performed until the end point is confirmed by the back titration method of isocyanate groups.

[0184] The reaction of the first prepolymer and the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound is preferably performed in the presence of an organic solvent. As the organic solvent, the above-described organic solvents can be used. The reaction is preferably performed under a nitrogen atmosphere. Further, the reaction is performed, for example, at a reaction temperature of 10°C or higher and 30°C or lower for 0.1 hours or more and 5 hours or less.

[0185] The reaction of the second prepolymer and the monofunctional active hydrogen compound is preferably performed in the presence of an organic solvent. As the organic solvent, the above-described organic solvents can be used. The reaction is preferably performed under a nitrogen atmosphere. Further, the reaction is performed, for example, at a reaction temperature of -10°C or higher and 10°C or lower for 0.1 hours or more and 5 hours or less. The functional layer-forming composition preferred in the present application is preferably a first combination of only the polymeric component of the second prepolymer and the functional pigment.

[0186] <First and second adhesive layers>

[0187] The thickness of each of the first and second adhesive layers is, for example, 1 μm or more. When the thickness of the first and second adhesive layers is thick, there is a tendency that the adhesion of the first and second optical substrates to the functional layer is improved. The thickness of the first and second adhesive layers is preferably 3 μm or more, and more preferably 5 μm or more. On the other hand, when the thickness of the first and second adhesive layers is excessively thick, there is a tendency that the appearance of the laminate is deteriorated. The thickness of the first and second adhesive layers is preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 30 μm or less, and further preferably 20 μm or less. The thickness of the first and second adhesive layers can be 10 μm or less, or 8 μm or less.

[0188] At least one of the first and second adhesive layers contains at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin. The kind of the resin contained in the first and second adhesive layers can be confirmed by gas chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis.

[0189] Here, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resin includes a completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin having only a hydroxyl group in a side chain and a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin having a hydroxyl group and an acetic acid group in a side chain. The repeating unit of the completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)] n- represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)] n - represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)] m - represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)]

[0190] The modified polyvinyl alcohol resin refers to a polyvinyl alcohol resin in which a functional group other than a hydroxyl group and an acetoxy group is introduced into a side chain. The introduced functional group is preferably high in hydrophobicity. If a PVA resin into which a hydrophobic functional group is introduced is used, the performance of the functional pigment is likely to be improved. As the functional group other than a hydroxyl group and an acetoxy group, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of a butyral group, an acetoacetyl group, a quaternary ammonium group, a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, an oxirane group (-[CH2CH2O] X - represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)] n - represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)] m - represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)] l - represents. The saponification degree of the fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, 98 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less. The repeating unit of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin is, for example, represented by -[CH2CH(OH)]

[0191] The polyvinyl-based resin can be a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and another monomer. As the other monomer, for example, a vinyl amine can be exemplified.

[0192] As the PVA resin, a partially saponified PVA resin, a fully saponified PVA resin, or a modified PVA resin can be used. The saponification degree of the partially saponified PVA resin can be 60 mol% or more and 97 mol% or less, can be 70 mol% or more and 95 mol% or less, or can be 80 mol% or more and 90 mol% or less. The saponification degree of the modified PVA resin can be 40 mol% or more and 99 mol% or less.

[0193] The PVA resin preferably contains at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin, a polyvinyl butyral resin, an acetoacetylated polyvinyl alcohol resin, and an amine-functional polyvinyl alcohol resin.

[0194] The number average molecular weight of the PVA resin is, for example, 10,000 or more and 200,000 or less. The number average molecular weight of the PVA resin is preferably 20,000 or more and 180,000 or less, more preferably 30,000 or more and 150,000 or less, and further preferably 50,000 or more and 110,000 or less. The number average molecular weight of the PVA resin can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

[0195] The average polymerization degree of the PVA resin is, for example, 100 or more and 10,000 or less, preferably 500 or more and 8,000 or less, and more preferably 1,000 or more and 5,000 or less. The average polymerization degree of the PVA resin can be 1,200 or more and 2,000 or less. The average polymerization degree of the PVA resin is found by a method according to Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K 6726; 1994.

[0196] The first and second adhesive layers can be formed, for example, by applying an adhesive layer-forming composition described below on at least one surface of the first and second optical substrates and curing it. The first and second adhesive layers are typically non-self-supporting films.

[0197] (Adhesive layer-forming composition)

[0198] As the adhesive layer-forming composition, at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin, and water or an organic solvent in which these resins are dissolved or dispersed can be contained. As the water, distilled water, pure water, ion-exchanged water, or tap water can be used.

[0199] The adhesive layer-forming composition preferably contains at least one polyvinyl resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin, a polyvinyl butyral resin, an acetoacetylized polyvinyl alcohol resin, and an amine-functional polyvinyl alcohol resin, and more preferably contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin.

[0200] The organic solvent is, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, acetone, phenol, diethyl ketone, xylene, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, ethylenediamine, and diethylenetriamine. A mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent can also be used.

[0201] The proportion of the resin in the adhesive layer-forming composition is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, and more preferably 8% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less.

[0202] The adhesive layer-forming composition can further contain a first compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and a vinyl group.

[0203] The first compound having a (meth)acryl group is, for example, a monofunctional (meth)acrylate having one (meth)acryl group. The monofunctional (meth)acrylate preferably has at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, a vinyl group, an alkoxy group, an isocyanate group (-N=C=O), an isothiocyanate group (-N=C=S), and an aldehyde group. When a monofunctional (meth)acrylate having such a functional group is used, there is a tendency that the adhesion of the adhesive layer is improved.

[0204] Specific examples of the monofunctional (meth)acrylate can include methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and the like.

[0205] The proportion of the first compound in the adhesive layer-forming composition is, for example, 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, and preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less. When the proportion of the first compound is high, there is a tendency that the adhesion of the adhesive layer is improved. When the proportion of the first compound is low, there is a tendency that the appearance of the laminate is improved.

[0206] As a commercially available product of the polyvinyl alcohol resin, KURARAY POVAL 22-88 (partially saponified product), 28-98 (completely saponified product), RS-2117 (completely saponified product) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. can be used. In addition, ULTILOC 5003 (completely saponified product, amine-functional polyvinyl alcohol) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used. The adhesive layer-forming composition can be prepared, for example, by dissolving a commercially available polyvinyl alcohol resin in distilled water.

[0207] (Method for manufacturing)

[0208] The method for manufacturing the laminate of the embodiment includes, for example, coating the above-described adhesive layer-forming composition on at least one main surface of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate and drying the same to provide the first coating film and the second coating film, coating the above-described functional layer-forming composition on a support to obtain a third coating film, peeling the third coating film from the support and laminating the same on the first coating film of the first optical substrate, laminating the second optical substrate on the third coating film laminated on the first coating film of the first optical substrate to obtain a first structure, and heating the first structure to cure the first coating film, the second coating film, and the third coating film. Note that the third coating film can be provided directly by coating the functional layer-forming composition on the first coating film and drying the same.

[0209] Next, the method for manufacturing the layered body will be described in detail.

[0210] First, the adhesive layer-forming composition is applied to the second main surface of the first and second optical substrates using, for example, a bar coater, to form a coating film. The coating film is dried at a temperature of, for example, 70°C or higher and 150°C or lower for 1 minute or longer and 5 hours or shorter. Thus, the first optical substrate having the first coating film formed on one main surface and the second optical substrate having the second coating film formed on one main surface are obtained.

[0211] Next, the functional layer-forming composition is applied to the support to form a coating film. The coating film is dried at a temperature of, for example, 70°C or higher and 150°C or lower for 1 minute or longer and 1 hour or shorter. Thus, the third coating film is obtained. The third coating film peeled from the support is laminated on the first coating film on the first optical substrate. Thus, a structure in which the first optical substrate, the first coating film, and the third coating film are sequentially laminated is obtained.

[0212] Next, the second coating film on the second optical substrate is laminated in contact with the third coating film. Thus, a first structure in which the first optical substrate, the first coating film, the third coating film, the second coating film, and the second optical substrate are sequentially laminated is obtained.

[0213] Next, the first structure is heated to cure the first to third coating films. Thus, a layered body in which the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate are bonded via the first adhesive layer, the functional layer, and the second adhesive layer is obtained. In the heating treatment of the first structure, the heating is performed at a temperature of, for example, 40°C or higher and 160°C or lower for 1 minute or longer and 10 hours or shorter.

[0214] The obtained layered body can be subjected to a degassing treatment. In the degassing treatment, the layered body is left to stand at a temperature of, for example, 40°C or higher and 80°C or lower under a vacuum of, for example, 500 Pa for 5 hours or longer and 20 hours or shorter. The structure after the degassing treatment can be further subjected to a heating treatment.

[0215] <Support>

[0216] The layered body of the embodiment can further include a support. The support can be positioned between the functional layer and the first or second adhesive layer, or between the first or second adhesive layer and the first or second optical substrate. The support can further improve the shape stability of the layered body. The support can be colorless transparent, white transparent, or colored transparent.

[0217] The support preferably contains, for example, at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, triacetyl cellulose, polyamide, polycarbonate sheet, cellulose acetate butyrate, and (meth)acrylic.

[0218] The thickness of the support is preferably 50 μm or more. When the thickness of the support is thick, there is a tendency that the strength of the laminate is further improved. The thickness of the support is not particularly limited, and according to one example, is 1000 μm or less, and according to another example, is 500 μm or less.

[0219] [Coated laminate]

[0220] The coated laminate of the embodiment includes the laminate of the embodiment and a coating layer. The coating layer covers at least a part of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The coating layer includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, an oxetane resin, an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, and a urethane resin.

[0221] The coated laminate can be used as the above-described adhesive sheet as well as the laminate of the embodiment. The coated laminate is excellent in process stability because it contains the coating layer. In addition, the adhesion to the optical element substrate described later is excellent.

[0222] The thickness of the coated laminate of the embodiment is preferably 100 μm or more, more preferably 150 μm or more, and further preferably 200 μm or more. When the thickness of the coated laminate is thick, there is a tendency that the shape stability is improved. The thickness of the coated laminate is not particularly limited, and according to one example, is 1000 μm or less, and according to another example, is 500 μm or less.

[0223] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of the coated laminate of the embodiment. Figure 2 The coated laminate 7 shown in the drawing has Figure 1 The coated laminate 7 shown in the drawing has Figure 2 In the coated laminate 7, the first adhesive layer FA and the second adhesive layer SA are omitted. The first coating layer 5 can cover a part of the first main surface 2a, and the second coating layer 6 can cover a part of the first main surface 3a. One of the first coating layer 5 and the second coating layer 6 can be omitted.

[0224] [Coating layer]

[0225] The coating layer covers at least a part of at least one surface of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The coating layer preferably covers the surfaces of both the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. The coating layer preferably covers the entire surfaces of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. When the area covered by the coating layer is large on the surfaces of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate, there is a tendency that the adhesion to the optical element substrate and the shape stability of the laminate are improved.

[0226] The thickness of the coating layer is, for example, 5 μm or more. When the thickness of the coating layer is thick, there is a tendency for the adhesion to the optical element substrate and the shape stability of the laminate to improve. The thickness of the coating layer is preferably 10 μm or more, more preferably 20 μm or more, and further preferably 25 μm or more. On the other hand, when the thickness of the coating layer is excessively thick, there is a tendency for the appearance of the laminate to deteriorate. The thickness of the coating layer is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 75 μm or less, and further preferably 50 μm or less.

[0227] The coating layer contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, an oxetane resin, an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, and a urethane resin. The coating layer preferably contains an epoxy resin. The coating layer containing an epoxy resin has a tendency for the appearance to be excellent and for the adhesion to the optical element substrate to be higher. The type of the resin contained in the coating layer can be confirmed by gas chromatography or Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis.

[0228] The surface of the coating layer preferably has at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and a vinyl group. When the coating layer has these functional groups on the surface, there is a tendency for the adhesion to the optical element substrate to improve. The coating layer more preferably contains at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and a vinyl group, and contains an epoxy group. Such a coating layer can further improve the adhesion.

[0229] The presence of a functional group on the surface of the coating layer can be confirmed by, for example, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. That is, in the case where an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, or a vinyl group is present on the surface, a peak can be detected in the range of 1600 cm -1 to 1680 cm -1 to 790 cm -1 to 1000 cm -1 in the IR spectrum.

[0230] The coating layer can be formed, for example, by applying the above-mentioned composition for forming a bonding layer to the surface of at least one of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate and curing it.

[0231] More specifically, the composition for forming a bonding layer is applied to each of the first major surfaces of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate, and is dried at a temperature of 70°C or higher and 150°C or lower for 1 minute or more and 1 hour or less. Other than using the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate, a laminate containing a coating layer is obtained by the same method as the above-mentioned method for manufacturing a laminate.

[0232] [Optical article]

[0233] The optical article of the embodiment contains the laminate of the embodiment. The optical article can contain the laminate of the embodiment, and an optical element substrate covering at least a part of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate. In addition, the optical article can contain the coating-containing laminate of the embodiment. The optical article can contain the coating-containing laminate of the embodiment, and an optical element substrate covering at least a part of the coating.

[0234] As the optical article, an adhesive sheet, a lens, eyeglasses, a window material of a house, a window material of an automobile, a window film, a liquid crystal display, a sun visor, a watch, and the like can be cited. The lens includes a semi-finished lens and a finished lens.

[0235] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of the optical article of the embodiment. Figure 3 The optical article 10 shown contains a first optical element substrate 12, a second optical element substrate 11, and a laminate 1 sandwiched therebetween. Figure 1 The laminate 1 shown. The optical article 10 has a concave-convex lens shape. The laminate 1 has a curved surface along the shape of the lens. The first optical element substrate 12 is located on the convex side, and the second optical element substrate 12 is located on the concave side. The first optical element substrate 12 covers the entire surface of the first optical substrate not shown of the laminate 1. The second optical element substrate 11 covers the entire surface of the second optical substrate not shown of the laminate 1. The side surface of the laminate 1 is not covered by the first and second optical element substrates. The side surface of the laminate 1 can be covered by the first and second optical element substrates.

[0236] The optical article of the embodiment can use Figure 2 the coating-containing laminate 7 shown instead of Figure 1 the laminate 1 shown. The first optical element substrate 12 can cover the entire surface of the first coating 5 of the coating-containing laminate 7. The second optical element substrate 11 can cover the entire surface of the second coating 6 of the coating-containing laminate 7.

[0237] Figure 4 is a perspective view schematically showing one example of the eyeglasses of the embodiment. Figure 4 The eyeglasses 100 shown contain a lens 101 and a frame 102 supporting the lens 101. The lens 101 contains the optical article of the embodiment.

[0238] (Optical element substrate)

[0239] The optical element substrate can contain a resin. The resin can contain at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, an allyl resin, a (meth)acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane urea resin, a polythiourethane resin, a polythiourethane urea resin, a polythioepoxy resin, and a polycarbonate resin.

[0240] The optical element substrate preferably comprises an allyl resin, a (meth)acrylic resin, a polyurethane urea resin, a polythiourethane resin, or a polythioepoxy resin. Allyl resins and (meth)acrylic resins tend to have high adhesion to the optical substrate or coating layer of the laminate.

[0241] (Curable composition for forming an optical element substrate)

[0242] The curable composition for forming an optical element substrate can be, for example, any of curable compositions for allyl resins, curable compositions for (meth)acrylic resins, curable compositions for urethane urea resins, curable compositions for thiourethane resins, and curable compositions for thioepoxy resins.

[0243] The curable composition for a (meth)acrylic resin contains a (meth)acrylic monomer having a (meth)acryloyl group and a polymerization initiator.

[0244] The curable composition for urethane urea resin contains a prepolymer of a polyisocyanate compound and a polyol compound, and a diamine compound. As the polyisocyanate compound, the polyol compound, and the diamine compound, the compounds described in the composition for forming the functional layer can be used.

[0245] The curable composition for thiourethane resin contains a polyisocyanate compound, a polythiol compound and a polymerization catalyst. As the polyisocyanate compound, the compounds described in the composition for forming the functional layer can be used.

[0246] The curable composition for a thioepoxy resin contains a monomer having a thioepoxy group, a curing agent, and a polymerization catalyst.

[0247] The curable composition for an allyl resin or a (meth) acrylic resin comprises a first monomer having an allyl group or a (meth) acryloyl group and a polymerization initiator. The curable composition for an allyl resin or a (meth) acrylic resin preferably further comprises at least one of a second monomer and an organosilicon compound. The second monomer has a polymerizable group and a first functional group. The polymerizable group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and a vinyl group. The first functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate group, an isothiocyanate group, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and an aldehyde group. The organosilicon compound has a second functional group and a hydrolyzable group. The second functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and a vinyl group.

[0248] That is, the polymerizable group of the second monomer can polymerize with the allyl group or the (meth)acryl group of the first monomer. Alternatively, the polymerizable group of the second monomer can polymerize with each other to form a longer molecular chain. The molecular chain can entangle with the first monomer. The first functional group of the second monomer can bond to the surface of the optical substrate. In particular, the first functional group of the second monomer reacts with the hydroxyl group present on the surface of the substrate to form a urethane bond or a thio urethane bond, an ether bond, or an acetal bond. That is, in the second monomer, the polymerizable group chemically bonds with the first monomer, or physically traps the first monomer, and the first functional group can bond to the surface of the substrate. In this way, the second monomer can crosslink the surface of the substrate with the first monomer. Therefore, when a curable composition containing the second monomer is used, the adhesion of the cured product to the substrate can be improved.

[0249] In addition, the organosilicon compound has a second functional group and a hydrolyzable group. The second functional group can polymerize with the allyl group or the (meth)acryl group of the first monomer. The hydrolyzable group can react with the hydroxyl group present on the surface of the substrate. For example, the hydrolyzable group dehydrates and condenses with the hydroxyl group to form a siloxane bond, a Si-O-C bond. That is, in the organosilicon compound, the second functional group can chemically bond with the first monomer, and the hydrolyzable group can bond to the surface of the substrate. In this way, the organosilicon compound can crosslink the surface of the substrate with the first monomer. Therefore, when a curable composition containing the organosilicon compound is used, the adhesion of the cured product to the substrate can be improved.

[0250] The first monomer is a monomer having an allyl group (-CH2CH=CH2) or a (meth)acryl group (acryl group (-C(=O)-CH=CH2), methacryl group (-C(=O)-C(CH3)=CH2)). The first monomer can contain 1 allyl group or (meth)acryl group, can contain 2 or more, and can contain both an allyl group and a (meth)acryl group. The first monomer preferably contains 2 allyl groups or (meth)acryl groups. The first monomer preferably has an allyl group or a (meth)acryl group at both ends of the main chain.

[0251] In the case where the first monomer has an allyl group, it is preferable to have a carbonate group (-O-(C=O)-O-). The first monomer can contain one carbonate group, or can contain 2 or more. The first monomer preferably contains 2 carbonate groups.

[0252] Specific examples of the first monomer having an allyl group include at least one selected from the group consisting of allyl diglycol carbonate, isophthalic acid diallyl ester, and terephthalic acid diallyl ester. The first monomer preferably contains allyl diglycol carbonate.

[0253] The first monomer is preferably a monomer for plastic lens formation.

[0254] The first monomer can be a main component in the curable composition. The proportion of the first monomer in the curable composition is, for example, 50% by mass or more, preferably 75% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass or more. When the proportion of the first monomer is high, there is a tendency for the appearance and durability of the cured product to improve. The proportion of the first monomer in the curable composition is, for example, 99.5% by mass or less, and preferably 98% by mass or less. When the proportion of the first monomer is low, there is a tendency for the adhesion of the cured product to the substrate to improve.

[0255] The proportion of the first monomer in the curable composition can be determined, for example, by separating the first monomer from the curable composition by silica gel chromatography or the like, measuring the weight of the obtained first monomer, or calculating from the analysis by gas chromatography or liquid chromatography.

[0256] The second monomer has a polymerizable group and a first functional group. The second monomer can include one polymerizable group, or two or more. The second monomer preferably includes one polymerizable group. The second monomer can include one first functional group, or two or more. The second monomer preferably includes one first functional group.

[0257] The polymerizable group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group (-C(=0)-CH=CH2), a methacryloyl group (-C(=0)-C(CH3)=CH2), and a vinyl group (-CH=CH2). The polymerizable group is preferably an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group.

[0258] The first functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate group (-N=C=0), an isothiocyanate group (-N=C=S), an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and an aldehyde group. The first functional group is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate group and an isothiocyanate group, and more preferably an isocyanate group.

[0259] The second monomer preferably includes a compound represented by the following formula (I).

[0260]

[0261] In formula (I), R 1 is an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, or a vinyl group. R 2 is an isocyanate group or an isothiocyanate group.

[0262] X is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkyleneoxyalkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylene group is preferably 1 to 5. The alkylene group is more preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyleneoxyalkylene group is preferably 2 to 6. The alkyleneoxyalkylene group is more preferably an ethylenoxyethylen group.

[0263] In formula (I), a is 0 or 1.

[0264] Specific examples of the second monomer include at least one selected from the group consisting of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate, 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate, allyl isothiocyanate, allyl isocyanate, (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl methacrylate, and (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl acrylate. The second monomer preferably includes at least one selected from the group consisting of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate and 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate.

[0265] The proportion of the second monomer in the curable composition is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and more preferably 1.0% by mass or more. When the proportion of the second monomer is high, there is a tendency for the adhesion of the cured product to the substrate to improve. The proportion of the second monomer in the curable composition is, for example, 30% by mass or less, preferably 15% by mass or less, and more preferably 10% by mass or less. When the proportion of the second monomer is low, there is a tendency for the appearance of the cured product to improve.

[0266] The ratio M2 / M1 of the mass M2 of the second monomer to the mass M1 of the first monomer is preferably 0.005 or more and 0.20 or less, more preferably 0.01 or more and 0.15 or less, and further preferably 0.02 or more and 0.10 or less. When the ratio M2 / M1 is within this range, there is a tendency for a cured product to be obtained that is excellent in both adhesion to the substrate and appearance.

[0267] The proportion of the second monomer in the curable composition can be determined, for example, by separating the second monomer from the curable composition by silica gel chromatography or the like, measuring the weight of the obtained second monomer, or calculating from the analysis by gas chromatography or liquid chromatography.

[0268] The organosilicon compound has a second functional group and a hydrolyzable group. The second monomer can include one second functional group or two or more. The second monomer preferably includes one second functional group. The second monomer can include one hydrolyzable group or two or more. The second monomer preferably includes 5 or less hydrolyzable groups, and more preferably 3 or less.

[0269] The second functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, and a vinyl group.

[0270] The hydrolyzable group includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 or more and 3 or less and an alkoxysilyl group having a carbon number of 1 or more and 3 or less. The hydrolyzable group preferably includes a trialkoxysilyl group, and more preferably at least one of a trimethyloxysilyl group ((MeO)3Si-) and a triethyloxysilyl group ((EtO)3Si-).

[0271] The organosilicon compound preferably contains a compound represented by the following formula (2).

[0272]

[0273] In formula (2), R 4 and R 5 are each an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. R 4 and R 5 are each preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group. d is an integer of 0 to 2. d is preferably 0.

[0274] A is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an oxyalkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyleneoxyalkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aminoalkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a phenylene group. A is preferably an ethylene group, a propylene group, an oxyethylene group, an oxypropylene group, or an alkyleneoxyalkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably a propyleneoxy methylene group.

[0275] X is an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, or a vinyl group. X is preferably an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group.

[0276] Specific examples of the organosilicon compound having a (meth)acryloyl group include γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, (3-acryloyloxypropyl)dimethylmethoxysilane, (3-acryloyloxypropyl)methyldimethoxysilane, (3-acryloyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, methacryloxyethoxytrimethylsilane, (methacryloylmethyl)dimethylethoxysilane, methacryloylmethyltriethoxysilane, methacryloylmethyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloylpropyldimethylethoxysilane, methacryloylpropyldimethylmethoxysilane, methacryloylpropyltri(methoxyethoxy)silane, and the like.

[0277] Specific examples of the organosilicon compound having a vinyl group include vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, p-styryltriethoxysilane, and the like.

[0278] As the organosilicon compound, a commercially available silane coupling agent can be used.

[0279] The proportion of the organosilicon compound in the curable composition is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and more preferably 1.0% by mass or more. When the proportion of the organosilicon compound is high, there is a tendency for the adhesion of the cured product to the substrate to improve. The proportion of the second monomer in the curable composition is, for example, 30% by mass or less, preferably 15% by mass or less, and more preferably 10% by mass or less. When the proportion of the organosilicon compound is low, there is a tendency for the appearance of the cured product to improve.

[0280] The ratio M3 / M1 of the mass M3 of the organosilicon compound to the mass M1 of the first monomer is preferably 0.005 or more and 0.20 or less, more preferably 0.01 or more and 0.15 or less, and further preferably 0.02 or more and 0.10 or less. When the ratio M3 / M1 is within this range, there is a tendency for a cured product to be obtained that is excellent in both adhesion to the substrate and appearance.

[0281] The proportion of the organosilicon compound in the curable composition can be calculated, for example, by separating the organosilicon compound from the curable composition using silica gel chromatography or the like and measuring the weight of the obtained organosilicon compound, or by analysis using gas chromatography or liquid chromatography.

[0282] Note that the curable composition can contain only one of the second monomer and the organosilicon compound, or both.

[0283] The curable composition can contain other components in addition to the above components. As the other components, at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a polymerization initiator, a polymerization catalyst, an antistatic agent, an internal release agent, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a coloration preventive agent, a fluorescent dye, a dye, a pigment, a perfume, a solvent, a leveling agent, a resin modifier, an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, and a visible light absorber can be exemplified.

[0284] As the polymerization initiator, 1,1-azobiscyclohexane carbonate, diisopropylperoxy carbonate, 1,1'-azobiscyclohexane nitrate, di-t-butyl peroxide, or the like can be exemplified.

[0285] The compounding amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and further preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the first monomer. The compounding amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 8 parts by mass or less, and further preferably 5 parts by mass or less.

[0286] The proportion of the polymerization initiator in the curable composition is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less, and more preferably 1.0% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less.

[0287] The curable composition preferably contains a polymerization catalyst. When a polymerization catalyst is contained, there is a tendency that the adhesion between the substrate and the cured product is improved. As the polymerization catalyst, at least one selected from the group consisting of a catalyst that promotes the reaction of the isocyanate group (-N=C=O), isothiocyanate group (-N=C=S), epoxy group, oxetanyl group, and aldehyde group of the first functional group of the first monomer with the hydroxyl group; and a catalyst that promotes the hydrolysis of the hydrolyzable group possessed by the organosilicon compound is preferably used. If a curable composition containing these catalysts is used, the reactivity of the first functional group of the second monomer or the hydrolyzable group of the organosilicon compound with the hydroxyl group of the substrate surface is improved, and the cured product and the substrate can be more firmly bonded.

[0288] In particular, when the second monomer having an isocyanate group or isothiocyanate group as the first functional group is used, it is preferable to use a urethane or urea reaction catalyst that promotes the reaction of the active hydrogen group with the first functional group, or an isocyanurate catalyst that promotes the isocyanurate bond, or both. That is, the curable composition preferably contains at least one polymerization catalyst selected from the group consisting of a urethane reaction catalyst, a urea reaction catalyst, and an isocyanurate reaction catalyst, and more preferably contains an isocyanurate reaction catalyst. If a (poly)isocyanurate ring bond is formed between the cured product and the substrate, their adhesion can be further improved.

[0289] The urethane or urea reaction catalyst can be exemplified by tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, Lewis acids, organic sulfonic acids, and the like. Specific examples are shown below.

[0290] As the tertiary amines, triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, triisopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, triisobutylamine, triethylamine, hexamethylenetetramine, N,N-dimethyloctylamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,6-diaminohexane, 4,4'-trimethylenebis(1-methylpiperidine), 1,8-diazabicyclo-(5,4,0)-7-undecene, and the like can be exemplified.

[0291] As the phosphines, trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tri-n-propylphosphine, triisopropylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, tribenzylphosphine, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane can be exemplified.

[0292] As the quaternary ammonium salts, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, and the like can be exemplified.

[0293] As the quaternary phosphonium salts, tetramethylphosphonium bromide, tetrabutylphosphonium chloride, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, and the like can be exemplified.

[0294] As the Lewis acid, triphenylaluminum, dimethyltin dichloride, bis(isooctylmercaptoacetate)dimethyltin, dibutyltin dichloride, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate, dibutyltin maleate polymer, dibutyltin dilinoleate, dibutyltin bis(dodecyl mercaptide), dibutyltin bis(isooctylmercaptoacetate), dioctyltin dichloride, dioctyltin maleate, dioctyltin maleate polymer, dioctyltin bis(maleate butyl), dioctyltin dilaurate, dioctyltin dilinoleate, dioctyltin di(6-hydroxyhexanoate), dioctyltin bis(isooctylmercaptoacetate), didodecyltin dilinoleate, various metal salts such as copper oleate, copper acetylacetonate, iron acetylacetonate, iron naphthenate, iron lactate, iron citrate, iron gluconate, potassium octylate, 2-ethylhexyl titanate, and the like can be exemplified.

[0295] As the organic sulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the like can be exemplified.

[0296] As the reaction catalyst for isocyanurate, at least one selected from the group consisting of a quaternary ammonium salt, an alkali metal salt, and a tertiary amine can be used. As the quaternary ammonium salt, triethylmethylammonium 2-ethylhexanoate, trimethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium 2-ethylhexanoate, trimethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium formate, and the like can be exemplified. As the alkali metal salt, potassium acetate, potassium octanoate, potassium 2-ethylhexanoate, and the like can be exemplified. As the tertiary amine, N,N,N',N",N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, and the like can be exemplified. As the catalyst for isocyanurate, a quaternary ammonium salt is preferably used.

[0297] Specific examples of the reaction catalyst for isocyanurate can include POLYCAT (registered trademark) 46 (manufactured by Air Products), TOYOCAT (registered trademark) TRC (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), TOYOCAT (registered trademark) TRX (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), TOYOCAT (registered trademark) TRV (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), TOYOCAT (registered trademark) TR-20 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), U-CAT (registered trademark) 18X (manufactured by San-Apro).

[0298] The proportion of the polymerization catalyst in the curable composition is, for example, 1 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less, preferably 3 ppm or more and 100 ppm or less, and more preferably 5 ppm or more and 50 ppm or less.

[0299] The viscosity of the curable composition (23°C) is preferably 10 to 1000 mPa-s, more preferably 10 to 500 mPa-s, and further preferably 10 to 100 mPa-s. By being within this range, a cured product that does not reduce productivity and has no problems in appearance or optical properties can be obtained when the curable composition is filled into a mold to produce a cured product. Furthermore, it is desirable that the viscosity of the curable composition be stable within a certain range during filling. For example, the viscosity V i and the viscosity V 3h satisfies the following relationship.

[0300] V 3h < 3V i

[0301] By being within this range, a cured product can also be stably produced in the production process.

[0302] (Method for manufacturing optical article)

[0303] The optical article of the embodiment is manufactured, for example, by the following method.

[0304] First, a mold and a spacer are prepared. The mold includes an upper mold and a lower mold. By combining the upper mold and the lower mold, a hollow portion is formed inside. The spacer is provided at the boundary surface of the upper mold and the lower mold. A notch for fixing the layered body is provided at the inner side of the spacer. Instead of the notch, a convex portion or a concave portion can also be provided at the inner side of the spacer. The mold and the spacer are, for example, those publicly known for plastic lens molding.

[0305] The layered body can also be subjected to shape processing such as bending according to the shape of the mold. Specifically, the layered body is disposed in a mold of a surface processing device. The mold has, for example, a lens shape such as a semispherical shape. An aperture is provided at the bottom surface of the mold. A pressure adjusting device such as a vacuum pump is connected to the aperture with a pipe. The pressure adjusting device is activated to reduce the pressure of the space between the mold and the layered body. As a result, the first optical substrate of the layered body is deformed so as to adhere to the bottom surface portion of the mold. At this time, in order to easily deform the layered body, the ambient temperature can be set to 70°C or higher and 160°C or lower. After a certain period of time, the operation of the pressure adjusting device is stopped, and the deformed layered body is removed from the mold. The removed layered body is cooled at a temperature of, for example, 0°C or higher and 40°C or lower. In this way, a surface-processed layered body is obtained.

[0306] Next, the end portion of the laminate is inserted and fixed to the cutout of the spacer. The spacer is disposed on the boundary surface of the mold. Thus, the laminate is disposed in the hollow portion of the mold. Next, the curable composition for forming the optical element substrate is filled in the hollow portion of the mold. The mold after the curable composition is filled is subjected to heat treatment to cure the curable composition. At the time of heat treatment, for example, the temperature is gradually increased from room temperature to the curing temperature, and after the curing temperature is reached, the temperature is maintained for a certain period of time. The curing temperature is, for example, 60°C or higher and 100°C or lower. The temperature increase rate is, for example, 1°C / hour or higher and 10°C / hour or lower. The period of time for maintaining the temperature at the curing temperature is, for example, 1 hour or longer and 30 hours or shorter.

[0307] After the heat treatment is completed, the cured product is taken out of the mold. The taken-out cured product is further heated at 60°C or higher and 150°C or lower for 1 hour or longer and 10 hours or shorter. In this way, the optical article in which the surfaces of the first and second optical substrates of the laminate are covered with the optical element substrate is obtained.

[0308] The optical article of the embodiment can be obtained by the following method. First, a part of the curable composition is filled in the lower mold of the mold described above. The laminate is disposed on the surface of the curable composition after the filling. Next, the upper mold is disposed in opposition to the lower mold to form a hollow portion. The remaining curable composition is filled in the hollow portion. The obtained mold is heated by the same method as described above to obtain a cured product. In this way, the optical article in which the entire surfaces of the main surface and the side surface of the laminate are covered with the optical element substrate of the embodiment is obtained.

[0309] In addition, the optical article of the embodiment can be obtained by the following method. First, the laminate is disposed in such a manner as to follow the upper surface of the mold. The curable composition is filled in the back surface side of the laminate which does not contact the upper surface of the mold, and heat treatment is performed under the same conditions as described above to obtain a first cured product. The first cured product is disposed in the mold. The curable composition is filled in the surface of the laminate which is not covered with the cured product, and heat treatment is performed under the same conditions as described above to obtain a second cured product. In this way, the optical article in which the main surface and the arbitrary side surface of the laminate are covered with the optical element substrate is obtained.

[0310] In addition, a laminate including a coating layer can also be used instead of the laminate.

[0311] Example

[0312] The present application is further described in detail by the following examples. The examples are only for illustrating the present application, and the spirit and scope of the present application are not limited to the examples.

[0313] <Example 1>

[0314] (Production of first prepolymer FPP1)

[0315] Into a 2L reaction vessel, 100 g of the first isocyanate compound FI1, 315 g of the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound FA1, and 40 g of the organic solvent OS1 were put to obtain a mixture. As the first isocyanate compound FI1, isophorone diisocyanate was used. As the first polyfunctional active hydrogen compound FA1, polycarbonate diol having a number average molecular weight of 1000 was used. As the organic solvent OS1, diethyl ketone was used. The mixture was stirred at 100°C for 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at 150 rpm to obtain a reaction liquid containing a first prepolymer. Hereinafter, the first prepolymer is also referred to as a first prepolymer FPP1. The end point of the reaction was confirmed by a back titration method of isocyanate groups.

[0316] (Manufacture of second prepolymer SPP1)

[0317] After 560 g of the organic solvent OS1 and 150 g of the organic solvent OS2 were added to the reaction liquid containing the first prepolymer FPP1 at 10°C, the liquid temperature was maintained at 15°C. As the organic solvent OS2, t-butyl alcohol was used. To the reaction liquid, 21.3 g of the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound SA1 was added dropwise, and reacted at 15°C for 1 hour, whereby a reaction liquid containing a second prepolymer was obtained. As the second polyfunctional active hydrogen compound SA1, bis-(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane was used. Hereinafter, the second prepolymer is also referred to as a second prepolymer SPP1. Note that the solid content concentration in the reaction liquid containing the second prepolymer SPP1 was 37.6 mass%.

[0318] The number average molecular weight of the second prepolymer SPP1 was measured, and the result was 13000. In addition, the softening point was 98°C.

[0319] (Preparation of functional layer-forming composition AC1)

[0320] A functional layer-forming composition was obtained by mixing 100 g of a reaction liquid containing the second prepolymer SPP1, 1.02 g of the photochromic compound PC1, 0.34 g of ethylene bis (oxyethylene) bis [3-(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl) propionate], and 0.05 g of DOW CORNING TORAY L-7001, and stirring at room temperature. Hereinafter, the functional layer-forming composition is also referred to as a functional layer-forming composition AC1.

[0321] PC1: a compound represented by the following formula.

[0322]

[0323] (Preparation of adhesive layer-forming composition PVA1)

[0324] 160 g of KURARAY POVAL (registered trademark) 28-98 (completely saponified product, degree of saponification: 98.5 mol%, number average molecular weight: 90,700, degree of polymerization: 1,850) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. was added to a 2 L reaction vessel and mixed with 1,440 g of distilled water to obtain a mixture. This mixture was heated and stirred at 95°C for 2 hours to obtain an adhesive composition having a solids concentration of 10% by mass. This adhesive composition is hereinafter referred to as Adhesive Composition PVA1. The number average molecular weight of KURARAY POVAL 28-98 was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions.

[0325] To 3 mg of the starting material, 5 ml of the measuring solvent (hexafluoroisopropanol supplemented with 5 mM sodium trifluoroacetate) was added to obtain a sample solution. The sample solution was measured using TSKgel Guardcolom Super HH and TSKgel Super HM-H columns (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), using hexafluoroisopropanol supplemented with 5 mM sodium trifluoroacetate as the eluent, at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min, using an RI detector (RI-504 manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.), and a column temperature of 40°C. The measurement results are shown above.

[0326] (Production of Laminated Body OL1)

[0327] First, a 60 μm-thick saponified TAC film was prepared as the first and second optical substrates. The pure water contact angle of this TAC film was 10°. Hereinafter, this film will also be referred to as TAC1. Contact angles were measured using a DropMaster 500 manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. The contact angle was measured as the angle between a water droplet and the surface of the sheet sample when it was added.

[0328] Using a bar coater, apply the adhesive layer-forming composition PVA1 onto one main surface of TAC1 to form a coating film. This coating film was dried at 120°C for 5 minutes. This yielded a first optical substrate having a first coating film formed on one main surface. Subsequently, using the same method, a second optical substrate having a second coating film formed on one main surface was obtained. The thickness of each of the first and second coating films was 5 μm.

[0329] Next, the functional layer-forming composition AC1 was applied to a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film (Purex film with a silicon coating film, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) using a bar coater to obtain a third coated film. After drying the third coated film at 100°C for 5 minutes, the PET film was peeled off to obtain a photochromic adhesive sheet having a thickness of about 30 μm. The photochromic adhesive sheet was sandwiched between the main surface of the first optical substrate provided with the first coated film and the main surface of the second optical substrate provided with the second coated film, and they were laminated to obtain a first structure. Note that the first structure was in the form of a long rectangular strip. The functional layer-forming composition was not applied to one end portion in the long direction of the first structure, and this end portion served as an uncoated portion.

[0330] After degassing the first structure at 40 degrees and 13 Torr for 16 hours while suppressing the periphery from shrinking, the first structure was heated at 100°C for 6 hours. In this way, a laminate in which the first optical substrate, the first adhesive layer, the functional layer, the second adhesive layer, and the second optical substrate were sequentially stacked was obtained.

[0331] <Example 2>

[0332] First, 160 g of KURARAY POVAL (registered trademark) 22-88 (partially saponified product, degree of saponification: 88 mol%, number average molecular weight: 84900, degree of polymerization: 1893), manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., was mixed with 1440 g of distilled water in a 2-L reaction vessel to obtain a mixture. The mixture was heated and stirred at 95°C for 2 hours to obtain an adhesive composition having a solid content concentration of 10 mass%. Hereinafter, this adhesive composition is also referred to as adhesive composition PVA2. The number average molecular weight of the KURARAY POVAL 22-88 was measured by the same method as in Example 1.

[0333] A laminate was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the adhesive composition PVA2 was used instead of the adhesive composition PVA1.

[0334] <Example 3>

[0335] First, as the film TAC2, a TAC film having a thickness of 60 μm that had not been subjected to saponification treatment was prepared. The contact angle of the film TAC2 with pure water was 60°.

[0336] A laminate was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the film TAC2 was used instead of the film TAC1.

[0337] <Example 4>

[0338] First, 160 g of polyvinyl alcohol (partially saponified product, degree of saponification: 78 to 82 mol%, average polymerization degree: 1,500 to 1,800) manufactured by FUJIFILM and photopure co., ltd. was mixed with 1440 g of distilled water in a 2 L reaction vessel to obtain a mixture. The mixture was heated and stirred at 95°C for 2 hours to obtain a cohesive composition having a solid content concentration of 10 mass%. Hereinafter, the cohesive composition is also referred to as cohesive composition PVA3.

[0339] A laminate was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the cohesive composition PVA3 was used instead of the cohesive composition PVA1.

[0340] <Example 5>

[0341] First, 160 g of ethylene-vinylamine copolymer resin ULTILOC (registered trademark) 5003 (fully saponified product, number average molecular weight: 58,400) manufactured by SEKISUI CHEMICAL CO., LTD. was mixed with 1440 g of distilled water in a 2 L reaction vessel to obtain a mixture. The mixture was heated and stirred at 95°C for 2 hours to obtain a cohesive composition having a solid content concentration of 10 mass%. Hereinafter, the cohesive composition is also referred to as cohesive composition PVA4. The number average molecular weight of ULTILOC 5003 was measured by the same method as in Example 1.

[0342] A laminate was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the cohesive composition PVA4 was used instead of the cohesive composition PVA1.

[0343] <Example 6>

[0344] (Production of the first prepolymer FPP1)

[0345] First, the first prepolymer FPP1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0346] (Synthesis of the polymerization component SPP2 containing the first polymer and the second prepolymer)

[0347] After 566 g of the organic solvent OS1 and 157 g of the organic solvent OS2 were added to the reaction liquid at 10°C containing the first prepolymer FPP1, the liquid temperature was maintained at 15°C. As the organic solvent OS2, tert-butyl alcohol was used. To the reaction liquid, 21.3 g of the second multifunctional active hydrogen compound SA1 was added dropwise, and reacted at 15°C for 1 hour, whereby a reaction liquid containing a second prepolymer was obtained. As the second multifunctional active hydrogen compound SA1, bis-(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane was used. To the reaction liquid, 5.75 g of the monofunctional active hydrogen compound SA2 was added dropwise, and further reacted at 15°C for 1 hour, whereby a reaction liquid containing a polymerized component containing the first polymer and the second prepolymer was obtained. As the monofunctional active hydrogen compound SA2, 4-amino-1,2,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine was used. Hereinafter, the polymerized component containing the first polymer and the second prepolymer is also referred to as SPP2. Note that the solid content concentration in the reaction liquid containing the polymerized component SPP2 containing the first polymer and the second prepolymer was 37.2% by mass.

[0348] Instead of the second prepolymer SPP1, SPP2 was used as the polymerized component containing the first polymer and the second prepolymer, and otherwise, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a laminate.

[0349] <Comparative Example 1>

[0350] First, an epoxy resin was dissolved in a mixed solvent of toluene and methanol to prepare an adhesive layer-forming composition. Hereinafter, the adhesive layer-forming composition is also referred to as adhesive layer-forming composition EP1.

[0351] The adhesive composition EP1 was used instead of the adhesive composition PVA1, and otherwise, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a laminate.

[0352] <Comparative Example 2>

[0353] A laminate was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the use of the adhesive composition PVA1 was omitted. The laminate had a first optical substrate, a functional layer, and a second optical substrate laminated in this order.

[0354] <Comparative Example 3>

[0355] First, as the film TAC3, a TAC film subjected to saponification treatment having a thickness of 130 μm was prepared. The contact angle of the film TAC3 with pure water was 50°.

[0356] The film TAC3 was used instead of the film TAC1, and otherwise, the same method as in Comparative Example 2 was used to obtain a laminate.

[0357] <Comparative Example 4>

[0358] First, as the thin film TAC4, a TAC film which had not been subjected to saponification treatment was prepared, the thickness of which was 130 μm. The contact angle of the thin film TAC4 with pure water was 50°.

[0359] A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that the thin film TAC4 was used instead of the thin film TACl.

[0360] <Assessment Test>

[0361] (Measurement of Photochromic Property of Laminate)

[0362] The maximum absorption wavelength, the color development concentration, the fading speed and the durability of the obtained laminate were measured.

[0363] Specifically, first, a xenon lamp L-2480 (300 W) SHL-100 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. was irradiated to one face of the laminate via a gas cell filter (manufactured by Corning) for 120 seconds at a temperature of 23°C to cause the photochromic compound to develop color. The light beam intensity was set to 365 nm = 2.4 mW / cm 2 , 245 nm = 24 μW / cm 2 .

[0364] The maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) after color development was measured using a spectrophotometer (instantaneous multi-channel light emitter MCPD 1000) manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.

[0365] The absorbance ε(0) of the maximum absorption wavelength of the laminate when the xenon lamp was not irradiated was measured. Next, the laminate was irradiated with the xenon lamp for 120 seconds at the above light beam intensity, and the absorbance ε(120) of the maximum absorption wavelength of the laminate was measured. The value obtained by subtracting ε(0) from ε(120) was taken as the color development concentration. It can be said that the higher this value, the more excellent the photochromic property.

[0366] The time required for the color development concentration to decrease to 1 / 2 was measured, and this was taken as the fading speed [t1 / 2 (sec.)]. It can be said that the shorter this time, the more excellent the photochromic property.

[0367] In order to evaluate the durability of color development based on light irradiation, the following deterioration promotion test was performed. That is, the obtained laminate was subjected to deterioration promotion for 96 hours using a Xenon Weather Meter X25 manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. Then, evaluation of the color development density was performed before and after the test, the color development density before the test (A0) and the color development density after the test (A96) were measured, and the value of [(A96) / A0] x 100 was taken as the residual rate (durability) (%) as an index of the durability of color development. The higher the residual rate, the higher the durability of color development. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0368] (Evaluation of peel strength of laminate)

[0369] The peel strength of the laminate was evaluated by the following method. Specifically, the optical laminate sheet was cut into a long strip shape of 10 mm x 100 mm to obtain a test piece. At this time, it was cut so as to include one long edge end portion not including the functional layer. The portions of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate of the test piece, which did not have the functional layer, were respectively held in an upper jig and a lower jig, and were set in a test machine Autograph AGS-500NX manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The upper jig was stretched at a crosshead speed of 100 mm / min, and the maximum peeling force was measured. The maximum peeling force was recorded as the peel strength in Table 1.

[0370] [Table 1]

[0371]

[0372] Hereinafter, preferred modes of the present application are described. [1]

[0374] A laminate comprising:

[0375] a first optical substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface;

[0376] a second optical substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface;

[0377] a functional layer located between the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate and including a functional pigment and a resin;

[0378] a first adhesive layer that adheres the first optical substrate to the functional layer; and

[0379] a second adhesive layer that adheres the second optical substrate to the functional layer,

[0380] at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer includes at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin. [2]

[0382] The laminate according to [1], wherein at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer contains at least one polyvinyl-based resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, acetoacetylated polyvinyl alcohol resin, and amine-functional polyvinyl alcohol resin. [3]

[0384] The laminate according to [1] or [2], wherein a saponification degree of the polyvinyl-based resin is 40 mol% or more and 98.5 mol% or less. [4]

[0386] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein at least one of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of cellulose resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyurethane urea resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, polyolefin resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, and polycarbonate resin. [5]

[0388] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein at least one of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate contains saponified triacetyl cellulose resin. [6]

[0390] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein a contact angle of pure water of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate is 5° or more and 15° or less. [7]

[0392] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein a thickness of each of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate is 10 μm or more and 100 μm or less. [8]

[0394] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the functional layer contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethane resin, polyurethane urea resin, polythiourethane resin, and polythiourethane urea resin. [9]

[0396] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the functional layer contains a photochromic compound.

[10]

[0398] An optical article containing the laminate according to any one of [1] to [9].

[11]

[0400] A coated layered body comprising:

[0401] The coated layered body according to any one of [1] to [9]; and

[0402] A coating covering at least a part of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate, and comprising at least one resin selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, an oxetane resin, an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, and a urethane resin.

[12]

[0404] An optical article comprising:

[0405] The coated layered body according to

[11] ; and

[0406] An optical element substrate covering at least a part of the coating.

[13]

[0408] A lens comprising the optical article according to

[12] .

[14]

[0410] Eyeglasses comprising the lens according to

[13] .

[15]

[0412] A window film comprising the layered body according to any one of [1] to [9].

Claims

1. A laminate comprising: a first optical substrate having a first principal surface and a second principal surface; a second optical substrate having a first principal surface and a second principal surface; a functional layer located between the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate and comprising a functional pigment and a resin; a first adhesive layer for bonding the first optical substrate to the functional layer; as well as a second adhesive layer for bonding the second optical substrate to the functional layer, At least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer includes at least one polyethylene-based resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol resins and modified polyvinyl alcohol resins.

2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein At least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer includes at least one polyethylene-based resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, acetoacetylated polyvinyl alcohol resin, and amine-functional polyvinyl alcohol resin.

3. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein The polyethylene resin has a saponification degree of 40 mol% or more and 98.5 mol% or less.

4. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein At least one of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate contains at least one resin selected from the group consisting of cellulose resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyurethane urea resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, polyolefin resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin and polycarbonate resin.

5. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein At least one of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate includes a saponified triacetyl cellulose resin. The laminate according to claim 1 , wherein: The contact angle of pure water of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate is 5° or more and 15° or less.

7. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of each of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate is 10 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

8. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein The functional layer includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethane resins, polyurethane urea resins, polythiourethane resins, and polythiourethane urea resins.

9. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein The functional layer comprises a photochromic compound. 10 . An optical article comprising the laminate according to claim 1 .

11. A coated laminate comprising: The laminate according to claim 1; and The coating layer covers at least a portion of the first optical substrate and the second optical substrate and includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, oxetane resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, and urethane resin.

12. An optical article comprising: The coated layered laminate according to claim 11; and An optical element substrate covers at least a portion of the coating.

13. A lens comprising the optical article according to claim 12.

14. Spectacles comprising the lens according to claim 13. 15 . A window film comprising the laminate according to claim 1 .

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