Horizontal lathe with self-locking positioning structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lathe equipment, and discloses a horizontal lathe of a self-locking positioning structure. The machining part is used for cutting the fixed part; the movable self-locking part is used for moving the position of the cutter mounted on the machining part and forming automatic locking; the movable self-locking piece comprises an adjusting piece, a twisting piece and a locking piece, and the adjusting piece is used for controlling the position movement of the machined piece; according to the horizontal lathe of the self-locking positioning structure, the whole adjusting piece can be controlled to form automatic locking after the position is fixed through the arranged locking piece, then the situation that the thread bushing can generate spinning displacement along with vibration of the lathe can be avoided, simple self-locking is achieved through the thread transmission mode of the thread bushing, and the machining precision is improved. And secondly, the position is fixed in a clamping mode of the gear, so that under double-layer locking, the adjusting piece is difficult to shift, the displacement of the machined piece is avoided, and the stability in the whole machining process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lathe equipment, in particular to a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure. Background Art

[0002] Machine tools are essential tools for human production and a crucial indicator of the level of development of social productivity. Conventional machine tools have a history of nearly two hundred years. In 1797, British mechanical inventor Maudslay invented the modern lathe, which used a screw-driven toolholder. After World War I, driven by the needs of the munitions, automotive, and other machinery industries, a variety of high-efficiency automatic and specialized lathes developed rapidly. To improve the productivity of small batches of workpieces, lathes with hydraulic profiling devices became popular in the late 1940s, along with multi-tool lathes. In the mid-1950s, program-controlled lathes with punched cards, latch plates, and dials were developed. CNC technology began to be used on lathes in the 1960s and has rapidly developed since the 1970s.

[0003] At present, in the use of some horizontal lathes, the position conversion of parts is generally carried out by moving the screw. The rotation of the wheel is used to control the movement of the part on the screw through the transmission part to fit the processing position. Although the movement of the screw is accompanied by a certain self-locking stability, it is inevitable that the processing vibration of the lathe will occur, causing the wheel to rotate, driving the transmission part to move, and driving the displacement of the cutting tool, which ultimately affects the processing quality of the part. In addition, there will be a certain degree of wear along with the movement of the screw, and the wear gap will also cause the processing tool to easily shift with the vibration of the lathe. Therefore, a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure, which solves the problem in the existing technology that the horizontal lathe cannot achieve effective positioning during the parts positioning processing, and the vibration of the machine tool can easily cause the processing position to shift, ultimately affecting the processing quality of the parts.

[0005] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure, comprising a machine tool body; a processing part for cutting fixed parts; a movable self-locking part for moving the position of a tool mounted on the processing part and automatically locking it; the movable self-locking part comprises an adjusting part, a torsion part and a locking part, the adjusting part is used to control the position movement of the processing part; the locking part is used to self-lock the adjusting part after movement; the adjusting part comprises a dial, the dial is connected to a first gear through a torsion part, the surface of the first gear is meshed with a second gear, a threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the second gear, the internal thread of the threaded sleeve is connected to a screw, and both ends of the screw are fixed to the machine tool body.

[0006] Preferably, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the workpiece, a sliding rod is slidably connected to the fixed plate, the sliding rod is located below the screw rod, and both ends of the sliding rod are connected to the machine tool body.

[0007] Preferably, the torsion member includes a hollow sleeve, the hollow sleeve is fixedly connected to the thumbwheel, the interior of the hollow sleeve is slidably connected to a rotating shaft, the surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a spiral groove, a sliding pin is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow sleeve, the sliding pin is slidably connected to the spiral groove, the end face of the hollow sleeve is rotatably connected to a pressing plate, and the pressing plate is connected to the locking member.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a support frame, the threaded sleeve is rotatably connected to the support frame, the surface of the rotating shaft is sleeved with a connecting spring, one end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the pressing plate.

[0009] Preferably, the locking member includes a slide plate, which is fixed on the pressing plate and has a V-groove. The slide plate is slidably connected to the support frame, a sliding shaft is slidably connected in the V-groove, a clamping strip is connected to the sliding shaft, the clamping strip is provided with teeth, and a positioning gear is clamped on the teeth, a tooth groove is provided in the screw rod, and the positioning gear is engaged inside the tooth groove.

[0010] Preferably, two groups of locking members are provided, and the two groups of locking members are symmetrically distributed with the center of the support frame as the symmetry axis, and the threaded sleeve is located between the two locking members.

[0011] Preferably, both groups of the clamping strips are provided with limiting rods, and the limiting rods are slidably connected to the support frame.

[0012] Preferably, an extrusion component is further included, the extrusion component includes an oil pipe, the bottom of the oil pipe is connected to a branch pipe, the bottom of the branch pipe is connected to two flow pipes, and the end faces of the flow pipes are both located directly above the screw rod.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing plate is connected to a piston via a connecting rod, the piston is slidably connected to the inside of the oil pipe, the surface of the oil pipe is connected to a guide pipe, a refueling port is provided on the guide pipe, and the guide pipe is connected to the fixed plate.

[0014] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The horizontal lathe with the self-locking positioning structure can control the automatic locking of the entire adjusting part after it is fixed in position through the provided locking part, thereby preventing the threaded sleeve from self-rotating and shifting with the vibration of the lathe. The simple self-locking is achieved by the threaded transmission method itself, and the position is fixed by the gear locking method. Therefore, under the double-layer locking, the adjusting part is difficult to shift, resulting in the shift of the workpiece, thereby improving the stability of the entire processing process.

[0015] 2. The horizontal lathe with the self-locking positioning structure can provide a buffer rotation space during the rotation of the dial wheel through the torsion part, so as to avoid the instantaneous rotation displacement of the dial wheel caused by external force contact. After the buffer rotation space exists, the rotation of the dial wheel cannot directly control the displacement of the adjusting part, but indirectly controls the displacement of the adjusting part after rotating to a certain angle. In addition, the initial rotation of the dial wheel can also unlock the entire locking part, which is convenient for subsequent adjustment and displacement.

[0016] 3. The horizontal lathe with the self-locking positioning structure uses an extrusion part to squeeze oil on the surface of the screw rod, thereby keeping the screw rod lubricated. Each time the dial wheel is rotated, an extrusion force of a certain distance is generated, and the internal lubricating oil is squeezed out and drips onto the surface of the screw rod, realizing automatic lubrication and reducing the movement wear of the screw rod caused by the rotation of the threaded sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of a movable self-locking part of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjusting member of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the slide rod of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the torsion member structure of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the locking structure of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the screw structure of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion structure of a horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure proposed by the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Machine tool body; 2. Workpiece; 3. Moving self-locking part; 301. Pulley; 302. Support frame; 303. First gear; 304. Second gear; 305. Threaded sleeve; 306. Torsion member; 3061. Hollow sleeve; 3062. Sliding pin; 3063. Spiral groove; 3064. Rotating shaft; 3065. Pressing piece; 3066. Connecting spring; 307. Locking member; 3071. Positioning gear; 3072. Card strip; 3073. Tooth groove; 3074. Slide plate; 3075. V-groove; 3076. Slide shaft; 3077. Limit rod; 308. Screw; 309. Slide rod; 310. Fixed plate; 4. Extrusion member; 401. Guide pipe; 402. Oil filling port; 403. Oil pipe; 404. Branch pipe; 405. Flow pipe; 406. Piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figures 1-8 A horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure includes a machine tool body 1; a workpiece 2 for cutting fixed parts; a movable self-locking part 3 for moving the tool installed on the workpiece 2 and automatically locking it; the movable self-locking part 3 includes an adjusting part, a torsion part 306 and a locking part 307, the adjusting part is used to control the position movement of the workpiece 2; the locking part 307 is used to self-lock the adjusting part after it is moved.

[0021] In this embodiment, the adjusting member includes a thumbwheel 301, which is connected to a first gear 303 via a torsion member 306. A second gear 304 meshes with the surface of the first gear 303. A threaded sleeve 305 is fixedly connected to the second gear 304. The internal threads of the threaded sleeve 305 are connected to a lead screw 308, and both ends of the lead screw 308 are fixed to the machine tool body 1. The thumbwheel 301 serves as an input component directly controlled by the operator. Its rotational motion is transmitted to the first gear 303 via the torsion member 306. The first gear 303 and the second gear 304 form a single-stage reduction or transmission ratio conversion mechanism. Parameters such as the module and number of teeth can be designed according to actual needs to accommodate different motion accuracy and torque requirements. The second gear 304 is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 305, directly transmitting the rotational motion to the threaded sleeve 305. The threaded sleeve 305 and the lead screw 308 form a helical transmission pair, converting the rotational motion into linear motion along the axis of the lead screw 308, thereby driving the connected workpiece 2 for lateral feed or position adjustment. The ends of the screw rod 308 are fixed to the machine tool body 1, providing a stable support base and guide reference for it, ensuring the rigidity and precision of the transmission process. The adjustment member has a compact structure and high transmission efficiency, combining the intuitiveness of manual operation with the reliability of mechanical transmission.

[0022] Furthermore, a fixed plate 310 is fixedly connected to the workpiece 2, and a slide bar 309 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 310. The slide bar 309 is located below the screw 308, and both ends of the slide bar 309 are connected to the machine tool body 1. The fixed plate 310 serves as a key connection and bearing member between the workpiece 2 and the movable self-locking member 3. It is not only used to transmit the driving force, but also plays a role in enhancing the rigidity of the overall structure. The slide bar 309 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 310. The slide bar 309 is preferably a high-hardness optical axis or linear guide rail, which cooperates with the sliding bearing or linear bushing on the fixed plate 310 to form an auxiliary guiding and supporting mechanism. The slide bar 309 is arranged parallel to the bottom of the screw 308. This upper and lower layout can effectively offset the overturning moment generated by the workpiece 2 during movement, and prevent jamming or precision deviation caused by uneven force. Slide rod 309 is rigidly connected to machine tool body 1 via mounting brackets or flanges at both ends. Precision mounting ensures parallelism between slide rod 309 and lead screw 308, providing precise, stable, and low-friction linear guidance for the movement of workpiece 2. Together, slide rod 309 and lead screw 308 form a dual support and guidance system for workpiece 2, significantly improving movement stability, load capacity, and vibration resistance, ensuring long-term position stability and repeatable positioning accuracy during cutting.

[0023] Furthermore, the torsion member 306 includes a hollow sleeve 3061, which is fixedly connected to the dial 301. A rotating shaft 3064 is slidably connected to the interior of the hollow sleeve 3061. A spiral groove 3063 is formed on the surface of the rotating shaft 3064. A sliding pin 3062 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow sleeve 3061 and slidably connected to the spiral groove 3063. A pressing plate 3065 is rotatably connected to the end surface of the hollow sleeve 3061, and the pressing plate 3065 is connected to the locking member 307. The hollow sleeve 3061 serves as the core housing for power transmission and buffer conversion. One end of the hollow sleeve 3061 is fixedly connected to the operating dial 301, allowing direct input of the rotational torque applied by the operator. The interior of the hollow sleeve 3061 is axially slidably connected to the rotating shaft 3064, which is the key component that ultimately outputs torque to the first gear 303. To achieve the unique buffering and unlocking functions, a spiral groove 3063 is precisely machined into the outer surface of the rotating shaft 3064. Simultaneously, a sliding pin 3062 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hollow sleeve 3061, precisely nesting and slidingly connected within the spiral groove 3063. This "spiral groove 3063-sliding pin 3062" mechanism forms a sophisticated differential mechanism: when the dial wheel 301 is turned, causing the hollow sleeve 3061 to begin rotating, the sliding pin 3062 does not immediately drive the rotating shaft 3064. Instead, it first slides relative to the spiral groove 3063. This process converts the operator's rotational motion into relative axial displacement between the hollow sleeve 3061 and the rotating shaft 3064. Only when the sliding pin 3062 reaches the end of the spiral groove 3063 and enters a hard stop is torque fully transmitted, driving the rotating shaft 3064 to rotate synchronously. This feature provides the system with a valuable initial buffer stroke, effectively avoiding misoperation caused by accidental touch or vibration. A pressing plate 3065 is rotatably connected to the end face of the hollow sleeve 3061 through a bearing or bushing. The pressing plate 3065 serves as an intermediate linkage component. Its special feature is that it can be pushed and pulled with the axial movement of the hollow sleeve 3061, while maintaining its own free rotation relative to the hollow sleeve 3061, thereby not interfering with normal rotational transmission. The pressing plate 3065 is finally connected to the locking member 307, accurately transmitting the axial displacement generated by the hollow sleeve 3061 to the locking mechanism to control the switching of its "locked" and "unlocked" states.

[0024] Furthermore, the surface of the rotating shaft 3064 is rotatably connected to the support frame 302, and the threaded sleeve 305 is rotatably connected to the support frame 302. A connecting spring 3066 is sleeved onto the surface of the rotating shaft 3064. One end of the connecting spring 3066 is fixedly connected to the support frame 302, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 3065. To achieve automatic reset of the torsion member 306 and maintain the position of the locking member 307, a connecting spring 3066 is sleeved onto the surface of the rotating shaft 3064. The connecting spring 3066 is preferably a compression coil spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the stationary support frame 302 and the other end is fixedly connected to the axially movable pressing plate 3065. This arrangement ensures that the connecting spring 3066 is always in a pre-compressed or pre-tensioned state, depending on the assembly relationship. Its elastic force is manifested as follows: after the operator releases the thumbwheel 301, the stored elastic restoring force of the spring automatically pushes or pulls the pressing plate 3065, thereby causing the connected hollow sleeve 3061 to reset axially. On the one hand, this reset action forces the sliding pin 3062 to slide back to its neutral position from the end of the spiral groove 3063, preparing a buffer stroke for the next operation; on the other hand, the reset of the pressing plate 3065 also synchronously drives the action of the locking member 307, causing it to return from the unlocked state to the locked position, thereby automatically locking the transmission system without human intervention, ensuring the safety and stability of the processing position.

[0025] In addition, the locking member 307 includes a slide 3074, which is fixed to the pressing plate 3065 and has a V-shaped groove 3075 formed therein. The slide 3074 is slidably connected to the support frame 302. A sliding shaft 3076 is slidably connected within the V-shaped groove 3075. A clamping bar 3072 is connected to the sliding shaft 3076. The clamping bar 3072 is provided with teeth, and a locking gear 3071 is engaged with the teeth. A tooth groove 3073 is formed within the screw rod 308, and the locking gear 3071 meshes with the tooth groove 3073. The V-shaped groove 3075 is precisely machined on the slide 3074, and its unique configuration is the key to achieving bidirectional locking. A sliding shaft 3076 is slidably connected within the V-shaped groove 3075, and its ends are respectively connected to the two clamping bars 3072. The clamping strip 3072 is provided with precision teeth, which engage with the outer teeth of a locking gear 3071, thereby limiting its free rotation. The final locking is achieved by the screw 308. A continuous tooth groove 3073 is provided in the axial direction within a specific shaft section of the screw 308. Under the push of the clamping strip 3072, some of the teeth of the locking gear 3071 can be embedded in and meshed with the interior of the tooth groove 3073. When the pressing plate 3065 is operated by the thumbwheel 301 and moves axially, it pushes the slide 3074 to slide. The V-groove 3075 on the slide 3074 is displaced accordingly, and the sliding shaft 3076 in the groove driven by its inclined surface generates lateral movement. The sliding shaft 3076 drives the clamping strips 3072 on both sides to move toward or away from each other. When locking is required, the latching bar 3072 opens outward under the action of the V-groove 3075, pushing the locking gear 3071 into close engagement with the tooth groove 3073 in the screw rod 308. Since the screw rod 308 is fixed and does not rotate, the engagement between the gear and the tooth groove 3073 completely locks the rotational freedom of the locking gear 3071, thereby limiting any displacement of the entire support frame 302 and its transmission components, forming a highly efficient and reliable two-way mechanical self-locking mechanism.

[0026] It is worth noting that there are two groups of locking members 307, and the two groups of locking members 307 are symmetrically distributed with the center of the support frame 302 as the symmetry axis, and the threaded sleeve 305 is located between the two locking members 307. A limit rod 3077 is provided on both groups of clamping strips 3072, and the limit rod 3077 is slidably connected to the support frame 302. The threaded sleeve 305 is located at the center position between the two locking members 307. This layout allows the restraining force generated by the locking action to act evenly and symmetrically on the transmission core - the threaded sleeve 305 and its supporting structure, effectively avoiding the possible overload, jamming or deformation of the mechanism caused by unilateral locking, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the locking. A limit rod 3077 is provided on both groups of clamping strips 3072. One end of the limit rod 3077 is fixedly connected to the clamping strip 3072, and the other end is slidably connected to the support frame 302 through a linear bearing or a guide sleeve. The primary purpose of the limiting rod 3077 is to provide precise guidance and positioning for the lateral reciprocating motion of the locking bar 3072. It strictly constrains the locking bar 3072 to a predetermined linear trajectory, preventing it from deflecting or twisting under the influence of the V-groove 3075. This ensures that the teeth on the locking bar 3072 maintain precise engagement and disengagement with the locking gear 3071. Furthermore, the limiting rod 3077 absorbs the lateral forces generated during the locking process, reducing the load on the V-groove 3075 and the sliding shaft 3076, and enhancing the rigidity and durability of the entire locking member 307.

[0027] It is worth noting that it also includes an extrusion member 4, which includes an oil pipe 403. The bottom of the oil pipe 403 is connected to a branch pipe 404, and the bottom of the branch pipe 404 is connected to two flow pipes 405. The end faces of the flow pipes 405 are both located directly above the screw rod 308. The pressing plate 3065 is connected to a piston 406 via a connecting rod. The piston 406 is slidably connected to the inside of the oil pipe 403. The surface of the oil pipe 403 is connected to a guide pipe 401. The guide pipe 401 is provided with a refueling port 402, and the guide pipe 401 is connected to the fixed plate 310. The power of this component comes from the linkage of the locking mechanism. Specifically, the piston 406 is connected to the pressing plate 3065 via a rigid connecting rod. The piston 406 maintains a precise sliding fit with the inner cavity of the oil pipe 403, thereby forming a simple plunger pump structure. When the thumbwheel 301 is operated and the pressure plate 3065 is eventually moved axially, this movement is converted into reciprocating motion of the piston 406 inside the oil pipe 403 through the connecting rod. In addition, a guide tube 401 is connected to the upper surface of the oil pipe 403. One end of the guide tube 401 is connected to the inner cavity of the oil pipe 403 as an oil inlet channel, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 310, which plays the role of supporting and fixing the entire lubrication system. A refueling port 402 is provided on the wall of the guide tube 401. The refueling port 402 is equipped with a sealing cover or an oil cup, which is the inlet for adding lubricating oil to the system from the outside. When the lubricating oil is injected from the refueling port 402, it is filled into the inner cavity of the oil pipe 403 through the guide tube 401. When the piston 406 is pushed inward by the connecting rod, the lubricating oil in the cavity is squeezed, forcing it to flow through the branch pipe 404 and eventually be discharged from the ends of the two flow pipes 405 in the form of droplets, thereby achieving timed and quantitative lubrication of the screw rod 308 below.

[0028] The electrical components mentioned in this article are all connected to an external main controller and 220V AC power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device that performs control such as a computer.

[0029] Working principle: first, the workpiece to be processed is installed on the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool body 1, and then the workpiece 2 is moved to the point to be processed. When the workpiece 2 moves horizontally, the operator needs to control the rotation of the dial 301, and the rotation of the dial 301 will synchronously drive the rotation of the hollow sleeve 3061, and a sliding pin 3062 is provided inside the hollow sleeve 3061, so when the dial 301 rotates instantaneously, the rotating shaft 3064 will not rotate, and will not rotate until the sliding pin 3062 rotates to the extreme position of one end of the spiral groove 3063, and then the rotation of the rotating shaft 3064 will be indirectly driven. Then, the rotation of the rotating shaft 3064 drives the rotation of the first gear 303, and through the mutual engagement of the bevel gears, it will drive the rotation of the threaded sleeve 305, and the threaded sleeve 305 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 308, so at this time the thread The sleeve 305 will synchronously drive the fixed plate 310 and the workpiece 2 connected to the fixed plate 310 to slide horizontally to achieve position conversion. When it moves to the desired position, the dial wheel 301 is released, and the elastic force of the connecting spring 3066 will push the pressing plate 3065 to reset, thereby driving the hollow sleeve 3061 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby controlling the sliding pin 3062 to be located in the middle position of the spiral groove 3063. Considering the forward and reverse rotation of the dial wheel 301, the sliding pin 3062 must be in the middle position of the spiral groove 3063. The clockwise rotation of the dial wheel 301 will control the sliding pin 3062 to move to the rear end of the spiral groove 3063, and the counterclockwise rotation of the dial wheel 301 will control the sliding pin 3062 to move to the front end of the spiral groove 3063. At this time, the connecting spring 3066 forms a tensile force rather than a compressive elastic force. Therefore, the entire thumbwheel 301 cannot control the movement of the workpiece 2 after initially rotating at a certain angle, but will control its displacement after rotating at a certain angle. The purpose is to avoid the collision of external force. If the thumbwheel adopts a direct transmission method, it will directly control the displacement of the workpiece 2, thereby causing the tool to collide or the tool to be misplaced.When the entire dial wheel 301 is in a natural state without force, the sliding shaft 3076 will be located at the V-shaped bottom of the V-groove 3075. At this time, the sliding shaft 3076 will control the card bar 3072 to form a card position with the card gear 3071, and the part of the card gear 3071 close to the screw rod 308 will engage with the internal teeth of the tooth groove 3073. Therefore, at this time, the card gear 3071 is limited by the card bar 3072 and cannot rotate, thereby controlling the threaded sleeve 305 on the entire support frame 302 to be unable to move, so the overall position is self-locking. During the initial rotation stage of the dial wheel 301, it will control the forward or backward movement of the hollow sleeve 3061, thereby driving the forward or backward movement of the pressing plate 3065, and the pressing plate 3065 will drive the synchronous forward and backward displacement of the slide plate 3074. , then the sliding shaft 3076 will slide horizontally in the V-groove 3075, driving the two card strips 3072 to retract inward, and the card strip 3072 will be separated from the positioning gear 3071. At this time, the positioning gear 3071 is in a free state. Then, when the rotation of the dial wheel 301 is controlled again, the rotation of the rotating shaft 3064 will drive the movement of the first gear 303, thereby forming the shifting process described above. Therefore, the initial rotation of the dial wheel 301 also has an effect, which is to realize the unlocking step, and the movement of the threaded sleeve 305 will drive the support frame 302 to move horizontally, and the support frame 302 will drive the positioning gear 3071 to rotate and move horizontally in the teeth on the tooth groove 3073. The overall self-locking of the positioning between the teeth is utilized to self-lock the adjustment part of the lathe to ensure stability during the processing. However, if the vibration generated by the lathe controls the rotation of the dial wheel 301, it will not directly cause indirect displacement of the workpiece 2, and the elastic force of the entire connecting spring 3066 will hinder the vibration force, limiting its ability to control the rotation of the dial wheel 301. If the vibration force controls the self-rotation of the first gear 303 and the second gear 304, it will be restricted by the threads of the screw rod 308 and the threaded sleeve 305, and at the same time, it will be restricted by the positioning of the positioning gear 3071 on the support frame 302, and will not be able to control the movement of the threaded sleeve 305. At the same time, the technical solution also provides an extrusion part 4 to "self-lubricate" the surface of the screw rod 308, and the operator can add lubricating oil from the outside and inject it at the oil filling port 402, which then flows into the interior of the oil pipe 403, and then flows into the interior of the flow pipe 405 through the branch pipe 404, flows out from the end face dripper of the pipe, and finally drips onto the surface of the screw rod 308 for lubrication. When the entire thumbwheel 301 rotates, it will also drive the piston 406 to move forward a small distance through the forward movement of the hollow sleeve 3061, and the forward movement of the piston 406 will squeeze the internal lubricating oil of the oil pipe 403 to squeeze out the oil.During the initial refueling stage, there is no lubricating oil inside the oil pipe 403 because the width of the piston 406 blocks the oil outlet position of the guide pipe 401. If a refueling stage is required, it is necessary to rotate the dial 301 in the opposite direction to control the backward movement of the pressing plate 3065, thereby driving the piston 406 to move backward, exposing the oil outlet of the guide pipe 401, and allowing the lubricating oil inside the guide pipe 401 to enter the interior of the oil pipe 403. Then, the dial 301 is controlled to rotate forward to control the forward movement of the piston 406, thereby squeezing out the lubricating oil inside the oil pipe 403.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

Claims

1. A horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure, characterized in that: include: Machine tool body (1); A processing part (2) is used for cutting a fixed part; A movable self-locking member (3) is used to move the position of a tool mounted on the workpiece (2) and automatically lock the tool; The movable self-locking member (3) comprises an adjusting member, a twisting member (306) and a locking member (307), wherein the adjusting member is used to control the position movement of the processing member (2); The locking member (307) is used to self-lock the adjustment member after it moves; The adjusting member comprises a thumbwheel (301), the thumbwheel (301) being connected to a first gear (303) via a torsion member (306), a second gear (304) being meshed on a surface of the first gear (303), a threaded sleeve (305) being fixedly connected to the second gear (304), an internal thread of the threaded sleeve (305) being connected to a screw rod (308), and both ends of the screw rod (308) being fixed to the machine tool body (1).

2. A horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed plate (310) is fixedly connected to the workpiece (2), a slide rod (309) is slidably connected to the fixed plate (310), the slide rod (309) is located below the screw rod (308), and both ends of the slide rod (309) are connected to the machine tool body (1).

3. A horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The torsion member (306) includes a hollow sleeve (3061), the hollow sleeve (3061) is fixedly connected to the thumbwheel (301), the interior of the hollow sleeve (3061) is slidably connected to a rotating shaft (3064), the surface of the rotating shaft (3064) is provided with a spiral groove (3063), a sliding pin (3062) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow sleeve (3061), the sliding pin (3062) is slidably connected to the spiral groove (3063), the end surface of the hollow sleeve (3061) is rotatably connected to a pressing plate (3065), and the pressing plate (3065) is connected to the locking member (307).

4. A horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the rotating shaft (3064) is rotatably connected to the support frame (302), the threaded sleeve (305) is rotatably connected to the support frame (302), and the surface of the rotating shaft (3064) is sleeved with a connecting spring (3066), one end of the connecting spring (3066) is fixedly connected to the support frame (302), and the other end of the connecting spring (3066) is fixedly connected to the pressing sheet (3065).

5. The horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking member (307) includes a slide plate (3074), which is fixed on the pressing plate (3065). A V-shaped groove (3075) is provided on the slide plate (3074). The slide plate (3074) is slidably connected to the support frame (302). A sliding shaft (3076) is slidably connected in the V-shaped groove (3075). A clamping strip (3072) is connected to the sliding shaft (3076). The clamping strip (3072) is provided with teeth, and a clamping gear (3071) is clamped on the teeth. A tooth groove (3073) is provided in the screw rod (308), and the clamping gear (3071) is engaged with the inside of the tooth groove (3073).

6. A horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two groups of locking members (307) are provided, and the two groups of locking members (307) are symmetrically distributed with the center of the support frame (302) as the symmetry axis, and the threaded sleeve (305) is located between the two locking members (307).

7. The horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both groups of the clamping strips (3072) are provided with a limiting rod (3077), and the limiting rod (3077) is slidably connected to the support frame (302).

8. The horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an extrusion piece (4), which includes an oil pipe (403). The bottom of the oil pipe (403) is connected to a branch pipe (404), and the bottom of the branch pipe (404) is connected to two flow pipes (405). The end faces of the flow pipes (405) are both located directly above the screw rod (308).

9. The horizontal lathe with a self-locking positioning structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressing plate (3065) is connected to a piston (406) via a connecting rod. The piston (406) is slidably connected to the inside of the oil pipe (403). The surface of the oil pipe (403) is connected to a guide pipe (401). The guide pipe (401) is provided with a refueling port (402). The guide pipe (401) is connected to the fixed plate (310).

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