A polishing device for civil aircraft maintenance with surface self-adaptation function

Abstract

The application discloses a polishing device with surface self-adapting function for civil aircraft maintenance, and relates to the technical field of polishing devices.The polishing device comprises a polishing mechanism, a self-adapting mechanism and a positioning mechanism.The polishing mechanism and the self-adapting mechanism are fastened together, and the self-adapting mechanism and the positioning mechanism are fastened together.The polishing mechanism is used to further drive the polishing disc to work, and can realize flexible polishing of different regional surfaces.The self-adapting mechanism is composed of a self-adapting component, an expansion component and a rotating component, so that the polishing disc has flexible adjusting capability when contacting the surface of a workpiece.The expansion component realizes expansion and contraction, and the rotating component drives the expansion block to revolve, so as to ensure the adaptability of the polishing disc on a complex curved surface.The positioning mechanism is used to position the part needing maintenance, so as to adapt to the complex curved surface, improve polishing precision and efficiency, avoid the problem of difficult adhesion, and ensure maintenance quality and operation safety.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of polishing equipment, in particular to a polishing equipment with surface self-adaptive function for civil aircraft maintenance. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous expansion of civil aircraft, its maintenance and repair technology is also developing. The outer surface of the aircraft is affected by airflow impact, particle wear and environmental factors during long-term use, resulting in coating peeling, local scratches or oxidation corrosion. Therefore, polishing repair has become a key process in the aviation maintenance link. Traditional maintenance polishing relies on manual operation, which is low in efficiency and poor in consistency. In recent years, with the rise of intelligent manufacturing and adaptive mechanical technology, automated and intelligent surface polishing equipment has gradually become a research hotspot, and its prospect lies in the precise repair and efficient processing of complex curved surfaces of aircraft through multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, self-adaptive polishing unit and composite motion mode.

[0003] In the prior art, some polishing equipment has introduced a multi-disc structure and a motor drive system, which can realize multi-region polishing at the same time and improve efficiency. In addition, some schemes use a single rotating or swinging mechanism to adjust the posture of the polishing disc within a fixed range to adapt to the polishing needs of simple curved surfaces.

[0004] However, the existing equipment still has the following problems: first, although the multi-disc polishing structure improves the efficiency, it can only realize self-rotation and lacks revolution motion, which leads to dead angles or uneven polishing on complex curved surfaces; second, the existing elastic support is mostly single-point or local adjustment, which cannot realize overall balanced stress through the surrounding distribution of the elastic structure, and is prone to local over-grinding or under-grinding; third, the screw rod or telescopic mechanism is often separated from the angle adjustment, which cannot realize the composite adjustment of telescoping and revolution, resulting in insufficient adaptability to complex curvature surfaces. In the traditional scheme, the polishing accuracy, uniformity and efficiency are still difficult to balance, and the surface treatment requirements of modern aircraft maintenance cannot be met. Therefore, the technical personnel in the field provide a polishing equipment with surface self-adaptive function for civil aircraft maintenance to solve the problems raised in the background. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a polishing equipment with surface self-adaptive function for civil aircraft maintenance to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] The polishing equipment comprises a polishing mechanism, a self-adaptive mechanism and a positioning mechanism, the polishing mechanism and the self-adaptive mechanism are tightly connected, and the self-adaptive mechanism and the positioning mechanism are tightly connected.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the polishing mechanism is used to further drive the polishing disc to work, and flexible polishing of different area surfaces can be realized. The self-adaptive mechanism is composed of a self-adaptive component, an expansion component and a rotating component, so that the polishing disc has flexible adjustment capability when contacting the surface of the workpiece. The expansion component expands and contracts, and the rotating component drives the expansion block to revolve, thereby ensuring the adaptability of the polishing disc on the complex curved surface. The positioning mechanism is composed of a mechanical arm and a slide rail base. The mechanical arm is fixed on the slide rail base and is tightly connected with the transmission shell of the self-adaptive mechanism, and is used to stably and accurately position the polishing device at the part of the aircraft that needs to be repaired. First, the device is fixed on the surface to be repaired by the positioning mechanism, and then the polishing motor is started to drive the polishing disc to rotate flexibly through the universal hinge rod and tightly contact the surface of the workpiece. The elastic member in the self-adaptive mechanism and the expansion component of the polishing disc provide the stress range and posture of the polishing disc, and the rotating component provides the revolution change to ensure uniform contact. The positioning mechanism provides stable support and accurate positioning during the whole process. Thus, the complex curved surface can be adapted, the polishing precision and efficiency are improved, the problem that the traditional device is difficult to fit is avoided, and the maintenance quality and operation safety are ensured.

[0009] Further, the polishing mechanism includes a polishing disc, a universal hinge rod and a polishing motor. The polishing motor is tightly connected with the self-adaptive mechanism. The polishing disc, the universal hinge rod and the polishing motor are provided with five groups. One group of polishing discs is located at the center, and the other four groups of polishing discs are arranged around. The polishing motor and the universal hinge rod are in transmission connection. The universal hinge rod and the polishing disc are in transmission connection.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, one group of polishing discs is located at the center position to play a central polishing role. The other four groups of polishing discs are arranged around the periphery to expand the polishing range and ensure the overall uniformity. Each polishing motor is tightly connected with the self-adaptive mechanism. The universal hinge rod is driven to rotate by the power output of the polishing motor. The universal hinge rod transmits the rotating force to the polishing disc to make the polishing disc rotate at high speed to complete the polishing work. When the device is started, each group of polishing motors operates simultaneously to drive the universal hinge rods connected therewith to rotate synchronously and drive the corresponding polishing discs to work. The center polishing disc is responsible for accurate polishing of the local center. The four groups of polishing discs around cooperate to realize efficient processing of a large area. The polishing motor provides a power source. The universal hinge rod transmits the motor power to the polishing disc as an intermediate transmission member to make the polishing disc rotate stably. Multiple polishing discs work cooperatively in a central symmetric manner to not only ensure uniform processing of the surface but also realize all-around coverage according to the complexity of the surface. The polishing mechanism greatly improves the polishing efficiency and precision through the multi-disc structure of the center and the surrounding combination, avoids the local over-polishing or under-polishing problem of single-disc polishing, ensures comprehensive, uniform and high-quality polishing processing of the complex curved surface of the aircraft, and thus improves the maintenance effect and operation reliability.

[0011] Further, the polishing disc is in the shape of a round cake, and the edge of the polishing disc is in the shape of a circular arc.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, the polishing disc is designed as a round cake shape, the disc surface is flat, and the polishing disc can stably contact the workpiece surface during rotation; the edge periphery of the polishing disc is processed as a circular arc structure, so as to avoid scratching or damaging the workpiece surface during polishing due to the right angle or sharp edge. When the polishing motor drives the universal hinge rod to rotate the polishing disc, the disc body in the shape of a round cake can uniformly cover the workpiece area for polishing, and the circular arc edge can automatically transition when contacting the surface corner or curvature change, so as to reduce the hard impact on the workpiece surface. The round cake-shaped disc body ensures the uniformity and stability of the rotation polishing, the circular arc edge provides a soft transition effect during rotation and contact, and the adaptability to curved surfaces and edges is enhanced, so that stable polishing effect can be maintained on different shaped surfaces. The design of the polishing disc in the shape of a round cake improves the polishing coverage area and uniformity, the circular arc edge effectively reduces the local stress concentration during polishing, avoids surface scratching or unevenness, and realizes safe, efficient and fine polishing of the aircraft maintenance parts.

[0013] Further, the adaptive mechanism includes an adaptive assembly, an expansion assembly and a rotating assembly, the adaptive assembly and the expansion assembly are fixedly connected, the expansion assembly and the rotating assembly are slidingly connected, and the rotating assembly and the positioning mechanism are fixedly connected.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, the adaptive mechanism is composed of the adaptive assembly, the expansion assembly and the rotating assembly, the adaptive assembly is connected with the expansion assembly in a fixed manner, so as to ensure that the elastic adjustment force can be effectively transmitted to the polishing disc during polishing; the expansion assembly and the rotating assembly are in a sliding connection structure, so that the expansion assembly can be flexibly guided along the rotating assembly during the expansion and contraction movement; and the rotating assembly is connected with the positioning mechanism in a fixed manner, so as to ensure the stability and transmission reliability of the rotating assembly in the overall device. When the polishing disc contacts different curvatures or complex surfaces, the adaptive assembly first adjusts the position of the polishing disc in a flexible manner through the elastic structure, then the expansion assembly changes the polishing range through the expansion and contraction movement to realize multi-area coverage, and the rotating assembly adjusts the angle of the expansion assembly under the support of the positioning mechanism, so that the polishing disc can continuously adhere to different surface states. The adaptive assembly provides basic flexible adjustment function, the expansion assembly realizes the expansion and contraction of the polishing range through the expansion and contraction movement, and the rotating assembly changes the polishing posture through rotation and sliding cooperation, and the fixed and sliding connection among the three ensures that their actions are coordinated, so that the adaptive mechanism has high flexibility and stability. Through the cooperation of the adaptive assembly, the expansion assembly and the rotating assembly, the device can effectively adapt to different curved surfaces and structures during aircraft maintenance, so as to ensure that the polishing disc continuously and uniformly contacts the workpiece surface, greatly improves the polishing precision and efficiency, avoids the surface unevenness or missing polishing problem caused by the lack of flexible adjustment of the traditional device, and improves the maintenance quality and reliability.

[0015] Further, the adaptive assembly comprises an adaptive elastic member and an expansion block, the adaptive elastic member and the expansion block are fixedly connected, the expansion block and the expansion assembly are fixedly connected, the adaptive elastic member and the polishing disc are fixedly connected, and the adaptive elastic members are arranged equidistantly around the periphery of the universal articulated rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the adaptive elastic member and the expansion block are fixedly connected to form an integral elastic support unit, the expansion block is fixedly connected with the expansion assembly to realize force transmission and structural fixation; at the same time, the adaptive elastic member is also fixedly connected with the polishing disc, so that the polishing disc can be flexibly buffered and angularly adjusted by the elastic member when subjected to force. The plurality of adaptive elastic members are arranged equidistantly around the periphery of the universal articulated rod to form a symmetrically distributed support structure, thereby ensuring the balance and stability of force during polishing. When the polishing motor drives the polishing disc to rotate and contact the surface of the workpiece, if there is a height difference or a change in curvature on the surface, the adaptive elastic member will first deform to provide flexible adjustment for the polishing disc, and the expansion block will further stabilize the position of the polishing disc under the action of the expansion assembly to realize compliance to the complex surface. The working principle is as follows: the adaptive elastic member utilizes its elastic deformation characteristics to absorb and disperse the impact force generated by the polishing disc on the irregular surface, while maintaining the close fit of the polishing disc and the workpiece; the expansion block serves as a rigid support unit, combining the flexible action of the adaptive elastic member with the overall movement of the expansion assembly to realize a rigid-flexible adjustment mode; the evenly stressed elastic members ensure polishing stability through uniform stress. Through the combined design of the adaptive elastic member and the expansion block, the polishing disc can achieve flexible adaptation at different curved surfaces and corners, effectively avoiding the problems of insufficient or excessive local polishing, ensuring uniform and smooth polishing process, and thereby improving the precision, efficiency and reliability in aircraft maintenance.

[0017] Further, the expansion assembly comprises an expansion motor, a first expansion screw rod, a second expansion screw rod, a transmission worm, a transmission screw block, a driven tooth column and a sliding sleeve worm, the expansion motor and the rotating assembly are fixedly connected, the expansion motor and the transmission worm are in transmission connection, the transmission worm and the driven tooth column are in transmission connection, the driven tooth column and the sliding sleeve worm are in transmission connection, the sliding sleeve worm and the first expansion screw rod are in transmission connection, the sliding sleeve worm and the second expansion screw rod are in transmission connection, and the first expansion screw rod and the second expansion screw rod are in transmission connection with the expansion block.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the expansion-retraction motor is in fastening connection with the rotating assembly and drives the transmission worm to rotate as a power source; the transmission worm is in meshing connection with the driven tooth column, so as to transmit power to the sliding sleeve worm; the sliding sleeve worm is in transmission relationship with the first expansion-retraction screw rod and the second expansion-retraction screw rod, and linear extension adjustment is realized by the rotary motion of the screw rod; the transmission screw block is a fixing and guiding structure between the screw rods, so as to ensure the stability and accuracy of the transmission process. When it is necessary to adjust the polishing range of the polishing disc, the expansion-retraction motor is started to drive the transmission worm to rotate, and then drive the driven tooth column to make the sliding sleeve worm rotate or slide, and then drive the first expansion-retraction screw rod and the second expansion-retraction screw rod to move synchronously, so as to push the expansion-retraction block connected thereto to realize extension and retraction, and then change the position and coverage range of the polishing disc. The expansion-retraction motor transmits power through a mechanical transmission chain, and finally the two expansion-retraction screw rods accurately linearly adjust the expansion-retraction block, so that the expansion-retraction block can be expanded or retracted to adapt to polishing areas of different sizes and curvatures; the mutual meshing of the transmission members such as the transmission worm, the driven tooth column and the sliding sleeve worm ensures the efficiency and stability of the transmission process. Through the precise transmission of the expansion-retraction motor and the screw worm combination, the expansion-retraction assembly can realize automatic expansion and retraction of the polishing disc range in aircraft maintenance polishing, ensure adaptability and flexibility in multiple working conditions, not only improve the polishing precision and efficiency, but also avoid the problem of insufficient coverage of the traditional fixed polishing structure, so as to ensure the comprehensiveness and high quality of the maintenance process.

[0019] Further, the rotating assembly includes a transmission shell, a rotating motor, a rotating gear, a rotating tooth rod and a rotating block, the transmission shell is in fastening connection with the positioning mechanism, the rotating motor is in fastening connection with the transmission shell, the rotating motor is in transmission connection with the rotating gear, the rotating gear is in transmission connection with the rotating tooth rod, the sliding sleeve worm is in sliding connection with the rotating tooth rod, the rotating tooth rod is in transmission connection with the rotating block, and the expansion-retraction block is in sliding connection with the rotating block.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the transmission shell and the positioning mechanism are fastened and connected, serving as a whole support shell to ensure the installation precision and stability of each part; the rotating motor is fixed on the transmission shell and serves as a power source to output torque, driving the internal rotating gear to rotate; the rotating gear is engaged with the rotating gear rod, causing the gear rod to produce reciprocating or rotating motion; the sliding sleeve worm is in sliding connection with the rotating gear rod, thereby ensuring coordinated transmission with the expansion and contraction assembly during the motion of the gear rod; the rotating gear rod is connected with the rotating block through the end portion, driving the rotating block to change the angle, and the expansion and contraction block adjusts the position through the sliding cooperation with the rotating block. When it is necessary to adjust the posture of the polishing disc, the operator starts the rotating motor, the motor drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rotating gear rod to move linearly or angularly, the gear rod drives the rotating block to change the angle through transmission, and drives the expansion and contraction block connected with the rotating block to deflect, so that the polishing disc adjusts the posture to fit the surface with different curvatures. The rotating motor provides power, the engagement of the rotating gear and the rotating gear rod realizes the transmission of torque and displacement, the sliding connection of the sliding sleeve worm ensures smooth and coordinated transmission during the transmission process, and finally the cooperation of the rotating block and the expansion and contraction block realizes the accurate adjustment of the angle of the polishing disc. The effect achieved is that the rotating assembly can ensure the stable adaptability of the polishing disc on the complex curved surface or at different angle positions, so that the polishing equipment can efficiently complete the polishing work in a large range and at multiple angles when maintaining the aircraft, improving the flexibility and comprehensiveness of polishing, avoiding the dead angle or uneven polishing problem of the traditional device when facing the curved surface, thereby significantly improving the maintenance quality and efficiency.

[0021] Further, the expansion and contraction block is in the shape of L, the rotating block is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding groove is a linear groove, the expansion and contraction block and the linear groove are in sliding connection, and the rotating block is in the shape of a cylinder, and the rotating block is used for the revolution of the polishing disc while the polishing disc revolves around the central axis of the rotating block.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the expansion block is designed as a L-shaped structure, one end of which is connected with the self-adaptive elastic member and the screw rod, and the other end is connected with the rotating block through the right-angle structure; the rotating block is provided with a sliding groove which is a linear groove, so that the expansion block can slide linearly in the groove to complete position adjustment; the rotating block is in a cylindrical structure, and the shape thereof ensures uniform stress and smooth operation in rotation. When the rotating motor is started to drive the rotating gear rod to rotate, the cylindrical rotating block rotates around the central axis thereof and revolves, and the expansion block connected with the linear groove slides linearly during the movement of the rotating block to adjust, so that the polishing disc can revolve around the central axis while rotating to achieve a larger range of polishing. The L-shaped expansion block is connected with the linear groove through the sliding connection, and effectively converts the stress from the screw rod and the elastic member into linear displacement along the groove; the cylindrical rotating block rotates under the driving of the motor and the gear rod, and drives the expansion block connected therewith to revolve correspondingly, so that the polishing disc realizes the combined motion of rotation and revolution, thereby enhancing the coverage and uniformity of polishing. Through the cooperation of the L-shaped expansion block, the cylindrical rotating block and the linear groove, the polishing disc can revolve around the central axis while keeping stable rotation, effectively expanding the polishing range, ensuring continuous and uniform polishing under complex curved surface conditions, avoiding local omission or repeated grinding problems, and thereby greatly improving the polishing efficiency and overall quality of aircraft maintenance.

[0023] Further, the positioning mechanism comprises a mechanical arm and a sliding rail base, the mechanical arm and the sliding rail base are fixedly connected, and the mechanical arm and the transmission shell are fixedly connected.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning mechanism is composed of a mechanical arm and a sliding rail base, the mechanical arm is installed on the sliding rail base in a fixed manner, can realize horizontal or longitudinal displacement adjustment along the base, and the other end of the mechanical arm is fixedly connected with the transmission shell to provide a stable support and installation position for the entire polishing device. In use, the operator first fixes the sliding rail base near the aircraft area to be repaired, moves the mechanical arm to a suitable position through the guiding function of the sliding rail base, and then the fixed connection between the mechanical arm and the transmission shell ensures that the polishing mechanism and the self-adaptive mechanism are in a stable working posture, thereby facilitating subsequent automatic polishing operation. The sliding rail base serves as a support platform to provide stable sliding guiding function for the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm serves as a bearing and adjusting component to fix and keep the transmission shell and the components connected therewith in a proper working position, and the double fixed structure ensures the stability and accuracy of the device during operation. The positioning mechanism realizes rapid positioning and stable installation of the polishing device in different maintenance areas through the cooperation of the mechanical arm and the sliding rail base, which not only improves the operation flexibility, but also ensures the stability of the device during high-load polishing, thereby effectively improving the maintenance efficiency and polishing quality and avoiding maintenance defects caused by inaccurate positioning or device shaking.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are:

[0026] Firstly, in the polishing mechanism part, the polishing disc adopts a round cake structure with a circular arc edge, cooperates with the transmission connection of the universal hinge connecting rod and the polishing motor, and five groups of polishing units are symmetrically distributed in a way that one group is located at the center and four groups are surrounded. The center polishing disc is responsible for accurate center polishing, and the peripheral polishing disc cooperates to complete uniform coverage of a large area, and the circular arc edge avoids corner scratches on the surface. The universal hinge connecting rod is driven to rotate by the motor, and then transmitted to the polishing disc to form stable rotation, realizing multi-disc collaborative all-around coverage polishing, effectively improving the processing precision of complex curved surfaces. In the cooperation part of the expansion block and the rotating block, the expansion block is designed as a L-shaped structure, and the rotating block is cylindrical, and a linear sliding groove is arranged on the cylinder. One end of the expansion block is connected with the screw rod and the self-adaptive elastic element, and the other end is embedded in the sliding groove of the rotating block, which can realize linear sliding along the groove. It realizes the revolution of the polishing disc around the central axis while rotating, forming a "rotation + revolution" compound motion mode. When the rotating motor drives the rotating block to rotate through the gear rod, the expansion block is constrained by the groove to move linearly, so that the polishing disc can realize large-range revolution coverage while maintaining high-speed rotation. The L-shaped expansion block combines the linear force generated by the screw rod and the rotating motion of the rotating block, and converts it into a composite trajectory through the sliding groove, ensuring that the polishing disc can maintain continuous and uniform contact under complex curved surface conditions. Compared with the traditional polishing method with only rotation, this design gives the polishing disc a larger coverage range and adaptability at the structural level, effectively avoiding dead angles and insufficient grinding, significantly improving the efficiency and overall quality of maintenance operations. Finally, the self-adaptive assembly is composed of a self-adaptive elastic element and an expansion block. The elastic element is equally surrounded around the universal hinge connecting rod, forming a symmetrical flexible support. The expansion assembly is composed of an expansion motor, a transmission worm, a sliding sleeve worm, two expansion screw rods, and a transmission screw rod block. The motor drives the screw rod to drive the expansion block to linearly expand and contract through the worm and the gear column. Cooperating with the rotating motor, gear, gear rod and rotating block in the rotating assembly, the expansion block can realize revolution around the central axis of the rotating block while maintaining the rotation of the polishing disc, forming a rotation and revolution compound motion, greatly increasing the polishing coverage range and surface adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the polishing mechanism structure of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the self-adaptive assembly structure of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4The structure schematic diagram of the expansion assembly of the application is shown in the figure.

[0031] Figure 5 The structure schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 6 The structure schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve worm of the application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 7 The structure schematic diagram of the sliding groove of the application is shown in the figure.

[0034] In the figure: 1, polishing mechanism; 11, polishing disc; 12, universal articulated rod; 13, polishing motor; 2, self-adaptive mechanism; 21, self-adaptive assembly; 211, self-adaptive elastic piece; 212, expansion block; 22, expansion assembly; 221, expansion motor; 222, first expansion screw rod; 223, second expansion screw rod; 224, transmission worm; 225, transmission screw rod block; 226, driven tooth column; 227, sliding sleeve worm; 23, rotating assembly; 231, transmission shell; 232, rotating motor; 233, rotating gear; 234, rotating tooth rod; 235, rotating block; 236, sliding groove; 3, positioning mechanism; 31, mechanical arm; 32, slide rail base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7 The application provides a polishing device with surface self-adaptive function for civil aircraft maintenance technical solution as shown in the figure:

[0037] The polishing device comprises a polishing mechanism 1, a self-adaptive mechanism 2 and a positioning mechanism 3, the polishing mechanism 1 and the self-adaptive mechanism 2 are tightly connected, and the self-adaptive mechanism 2 and the positioning mechanism 3 are tightly connected.

[0038] By adopting the above technical scheme, the polishing mechanism 1 is used to further drive the polishing disc 11 to work, and flexible polishing of different area surfaces can be realized. The self-adaptive mechanism 2 is composed of a self-adaptive assembly 21, an expansion assembly 22 and a rotating assembly 23, so that the polishing disc 11 has flexible adjustment capability when contacting the surface of the workpiece. The expansion assembly 22 is expanded and contracted, and the rotating assembly 23 drives the expansion block 212 to revolve, so as to ensure the adaptability of the polishing disc 11 on the complex curved surface. The positioning mechanism 3 is composed of a mechanical arm 31 and a sliding rail base 32. The mechanical arm 31 is fixed on the sliding rail base 32 and is tightly connected with the transmission shell 231 of the self-adaptive mechanism 2, and is used to stably and accurately position the polishing device at the part of the aircraft that needs to be repaired. First, the device is fixed on the surface to be repaired by the positioning mechanism 3, and then the polishing motor 13 is started to drive the polishing disc 11 to rotate flexibly through the universal hinge rod 12 and tightly adhere to the surface of the workpiece. The elastic member in the self-adaptive mechanism 2 and the expansion assembly 22 provide the stress range and posture of the polishing disc 11, and the rotating assembly 23 provides revolution change to ensure uniform contact. The positioning mechanism 3 provides stable support and accurate positioning during the whole process. Thus, the complex curved surface can be adapted, the polishing precision and efficiency can be improved, the problem that the traditional device is difficult to adhere can be avoided, and the maintenance quality and operation safety can be ensured.

[0039] Further, the polishing mechanism 1 includes a polishing disc 11, a universal hinge rod 12 and a polishing motor 13. The polishing motor 13 is tightly connected with the self-adaptive mechanism 2. The polishing disc 11, the universal hinge rod 12 and the polishing motor 13 are provided with five groups. One group of polishing discs 11 is located at the center, and the other four groups of polishing discs 11 are arranged around. The polishing motor 13 is in transmission connection with the universal hinge rod 12, and the universal hinge rod 12 is in transmission connection with the polishing disc 11.

[0040] By adopting the above technical scheme, one group of polishing discs 11 is located at the center position to play a central polishing role, and the other four groups of polishing discs 11 are arranged in the periphery to expand the polishing range and ensure the overall uniformity. Each polishing motor 13 is tightly connected with the self-adaptive mechanism 2, and drives the universal hinge rod 12 to rotate through power output, and the universal hinge rod 12 further transmits the rotating force to the polishing disc 11, so that the polishing disc 11 rotates at high speed to complete the polishing work. When the device is started, each group of polishing motors 13 operates simultaneously, drives the universal hinge rod 12 connected therewith to rotate synchronously, and drives the corresponding polishing disc 11 to work. The central polishing disc 11 is responsible for accurate polishing of the local center, and the four groups of peripheral polishing discs 11 cooperate to realize efficient processing of a large area. The polishing motor 13 provides a power source, the universal hinge rod 12 acts as an intermediate transmission member to transmit the motor power to the polishing disc 11, so that the polishing disc 11 rotates stably, and multiple polishing discs 11 work cooperatively in a central symmetry manner, which not only ensures uniform processing of the surface, but also realizes all-around coverage according to the complexity of the surface. The polishing mechanism 1 greatly improves the efficiency and precision of polishing through the multi-disc structure of the center and the periphery, avoids the local over-polishing or under-polishing problem easily occurring in single-disc polishing, ensures comprehensive, uniform and high-quality polishing processing of the complex surface of the aircraft, and thus improves the maintenance effect and operation reliability.

[0041] Further, the polishing disc 11 is in the shape of a round cake, and the edge of the polishing disc 11 is in the shape of a circular arc.

[0042] By adopting the above technical scheme, the polishing disc 11 is designed in the shape of a round cake, the disc surface is flat, and can maintain stable contact with the surface of the workpiece during rotation; the edge of the polishing disc 11 is processed in the shape of a circular arc, which avoids scratching or damaging the surface of the workpiece due to the right angle or sharp edges during polishing. When the polishing motor 13 drives the universal hinge rod 12 to rotate the polishing disc 11, the disc body in the shape of a round cake can uniformly cover the workpiece area for polishing, and the circular arc-shaped edge can automatically transition when contacting the surface corners or curvature changes, thereby reducing the hard impact on the surface of the workpiece. The disc body in the shape of a round cake ensures the uniformity and stability of the rotation polishing, and the circular arc-shaped edge provides a soft transition effect during rotation and contact, thereby enhancing the adaptability to the curved surface and edge, so that stable polishing effect can be maintained on different shaped surfaces. The design of the polishing disc 11 in the shape of a round cake improves the polishing coverage area and uniformity, and the circular arc-shaped edge effectively reduces the local stress concentration during polishing, avoids surface scratching or unevenness, and realizes safe, efficient and fine polishing of the aircraft maintenance parts.

[0043] Further, the self-adaptive mechanism 2 includes a self-adaptive assembly 21, an expansion assembly 22 and a rotating assembly 23, the self-adaptive assembly 21 and the expansion assembly 22 are tightly connected, the expansion assembly 22 and the rotating assembly 23 are slidingly connected, and the rotating assembly 23 and the positioning mechanism 3 are tightly connected.

[0044] By adopting the above technical scheme, the adaptive mechanism is composed of the adaptive assembly 21, the expansion assembly 22 and the rotating assembly 23, wherein the adaptive assembly 21 is connected with the expansion assembly 22 in a fastening mode, so as to ensure that the elastic adjusting force can be effectively transmitted to the polishing disc 11 during polishing; the expansion assembly 22 and the rotating assembly 23 are in a sliding connection structure, so that the expansion assembly 22 can be flexibly guided along the rotating assembly 23 during the extension and retraction movement; and the rotating assembly 23 is connected with the positioning mechanism 3 in a fastening mode, so as to ensure the stability and transmission reliability of the rotating assembly 23 in the overall device. When the polishing disc 11 contacts different curvatures or complex surfaces, the adaptive assembly 21 first adjusts the position of the polishing disc 11 flexibly through the elastic structure, then the expansion assembly 22 changes the polishing range through the extension and retraction movement to realize multi-region coverage, and the rotating assembly 23 drives the expansion assembly 22 to make angle adjustment under the support of the positioning mechanism 3, so that the polishing disc 11 can continuously adhere to different surface states. The adaptive assembly 21 provides basic flexible adjustment function, the expansion assembly 22 realizes the expansion and retraction of the polishing range through the extension and retraction movement, and the rotating assembly 23 changes the polishing posture through the cooperation of rotation and sliding, and the fastening and sliding connection among the three ensures the coordinated action, so as to ensure that the adaptive mechanism 2 has high flexibility and stability. Through the cooperative action of the adaptive assembly 21, the expansion assembly 22 and the rotating assembly 23, the device can effectively adapt to different curved surfaces and structures during aircraft maintenance, so as to ensure that the polishing disc 11 continuously and uniformly contacts the workpiece surface, greatly improves the polishing precision and efficiency, avoids the problems of uneven surface or missed polishing caused by the lack of flexible adjustment of the traditional device, and improves the maintenance quality and reliability.

[0045] Further, the adaptive assembly 21 comprises an adaptive elastic member 211 and an expansion block 212, the adaptive elastic member 211 and the expansion block 212 are fastened and connected, the expansion block 212 and the expansion assembly 22 are fastened and connected, the adaptive elastic member 211 and the polishing disc 11 are fastened and connected, and the adaptive elastic member 211 is arranged equidistantly around the periphery of the universal hinge rod 12.

[0046] By adopting the above technical scheme, the self-adaptive elastic member 211 and the expansion block 212 are fastened and connected to form an integral elastic support unit, the expansion block 212 is fastened and connected with the expansion assembly 22, force transmission and structure fixation are realized; at the same time, the self-adaptive elastic member 211 is also fastened and connected with the polishing disc 11, so that the polishing disc 11 can be flexibly buffered and angularly adjusted by the elastic member when being stressed. The plurality of self-adaptive elastic members 211 are arranged equidistantly around the periphery of the universal hinge rod 12 to form a symmetrically distributed support structure, thereby ensuring the balance and stability of stress during polishing. When the polishing motor 13 drives the polishing disc 11 to rotate and contact the surface of the workpiece, if there is a height difference or a change in curvature on the surface, the self-adaptive elastic member 211 will first deform to provide flexible adjustment for the polishing disc 11, and the expansion block 212 will further stabilize the position of the polishing disc 11 under the action of the expansion assembly 22 to realize compliance to complex surfaces. The working principle is that the self-adaptive elastic member 211 absorbs and disperses the impact force generated by the polishing disc 11 on irregular surfaces by using its elastic deformation characteristics, while maintaining the close fit of the polishing disc 11 and the workpiece; the expansion block 212 acts as a rigid support unit, combining the flexible action of the self-adaptive elastic member 211 with the overall movement of the expansion assembly 22 to realize a rigid-flexible adjustment mode; the uniformly stressed elastic members distributed around ensure polishing stability. Through the combined design of the self-adaptive elastic member 211 and the expansion block 212, the polishing disc 11 can achieve flexible self-adaptation at different curved surfaces and corners, effectively avoiding the problems of insufficient or excessive local polishing, ensuring uniform and smooth polishing process, and thereby improving the precision, efficiency and reliability in aircraft maintenance.

[0047] Further, the expansion assembly 22 includes an expansion motor 221, a first expansion screw rod 222, a second expansion screw rod 223, a transmission worm 224, a transmission screw rod block 225, a driven tooth column 226 and a sliding sleeve worm 227, the expansion motor 221 is fastened and connected with the rotating assembly 23, the expansion motor 221 is in transmission connection with the transmission worm 224, the transmission worm 224 is in transmission connection with the driven tooth column 226, the driven tooth column 226 is in transmission connection with the sliding sleeve worm 227, the sliding sleeve worm 227 is in transmission connection with the first expansion screw rod 222 and the second expansion screw rod 223, and the first expansion screw rod 222 and the second expansion screw rod 223 are both in transmission connection with the expansion block 212.

[0048] By adopting the above technical scheme, the expansion and contraction motor 221 is tightly connected with the rotating assembly 23 and serves as a power source to drive the transmission worm 224 to rotate; the transmission worm 224 is engaged with the driven tooth column 226 to transmit power to the sliding sleeve worm 227; the sliding sleeve worm 227 establishes a transmission relationship with the first expansion and contraction lead screw 222 and the second expansion and contraction lead screw 223, and drives the expansion and contraction block 212 to realize linear expansion and contraction adjustment through the rotary motion of the lead screw; the transmission lead screw block 225 serves as a fixing and guiding structure between the lead screws to ensure the stability and accuracy of the transmission process. When it is necessary to adjust the polishing range of the polishing disc 11, the expansion and contraction motor 221 is started to drive the transmission worm 224 to rotate, thereby driving the driven tooth column 226 to make the sliding sleeve worm 227 rotate or slide, and the sliding sleeve worm 227 drives the first expansion and contraction lead screw 222 and the second expansion and contraction lead screw 223 to move synchronously, thereby pushing the expansion and contraction block 212 connected thereto to realize expansion and contraction, and further changing the position and coverage range of the polishing disc 11. The expansion and contraction motor 221 transmits power through a mechanical transmission chain, and finally the two expansion and contraction lead screws accurately linearly adjust the expansion and contraction block 212, so that the expansion and contraction block 212 can be expanded or contracted to adapt to polishing areas of different sizes and curvatures; the mutual engagement of the transmission members such as the transmission worm 224, the driven tooth column 226 and the sliding sleeve worm 227 ensures the efficiency and stability of the transmission process. Through the precise transmission of the expansion and contraction motor 221 and the lead screw and worm combination, the expansion and contraction assembly 22 can realize automatic expansion and contraction of the polishing disc 11 range in aircraft maintenance polishing, ensure adaptability and flexibility in multiple working conditions, not only improve the polishing precision and efficiency, but also avoid the problem of insufficient coverage of the traditional fixed polishing structure, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and high quality of the maintenance process.

[0049] Further, the rotating assembly 23 includes a transmission shell 231, a rotating motor 232, a rotating gear 233, a rotating tooth rod 234 and a rotating block 235, the transmission shell 231 is tightly connected with the positioning mechanism 3, the rotating motor 232 is tightly connected with the transmission shell 231, the rotating motor 232 is in transmission connection with the rotating gear 233, the rotating gear 233 is in transmission connection with the rotating tooth rod 234, the sliding sleeve worm 227 is in sliding connection with the rotating tooth rod 234, the rotating tooth rod 234 is in transmission connection with the rotating block 235, and the expansion and contraction block 212 is in sliding connection with the rotating block 235.

[0050] By adopting the above technical scheme, the transmission shell 231 is tightly connected with the positioning mechanism 3 and serves as a whole support shell to ensure the installation precision and stability of each part; the rotating motor 232 is fixed on the transmission shell 231 and serves as a power source to output torque and drive the internal rotating gear 233 to rotate; the rotating gear 233 is engaged with the rotating gear rod 234 to make the gear rod produce reciprocating or rotating motion; the sliding sleeve worm 227 is slidingly connected with the rotating gear rod 234, so as to ensure coordinated transmission with the expansion and contraction assembly 22 during the motion of the gear rod; the rotating gear rod 234 is connected with the rotating block 235 through the end portion to drive the rotating block 235 to change the angle, and the expansion and contraction block 212 adjusts the position through the sliding cooperation with the rotating block 235. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the polishing disc 11, the operator starts the rotating motor 232, the motor drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rotating gear rod 234 to move linearly or angularly, the gear rod drives the rotating block 235 to change the angle through transmission, and at the same time drives the expansion and contraction block 212 connected with the rotating block 235 to deflect, so that the polishing disc 11 adjusts the posture to fit the surface with different curvatures. The rotating motor 232 provides power, the engagement of the rotating gear 233 and the rotating gear rod 234 realizes the transmission of torque and displacement, the sliding connection of the sliding sleeve worm 227 ensures smoothness and coordination during transmission, and finally the cooperation of the rotating block 235 and the expansion and contraction block 212 realizes the accurate adjustment of the angle of the polishing disc 11. The effect achieved is that the rotating assembly 23 can ensure the stable adaptability of the polishing disc 11 on the complex curved surface or at different angle positions, so that the polishing equipment can efficiently complete the polishing work in a large range and at multiple angles when maintaining the aircraft, the flexibility and comprehensiveness of polishing are improved, the dead angle or uneven polishing problem of the traditional device when facing the curved surface is avoided, and the maintenance quality and efficiency are significantly improved.

[0051] Further, the expansion and contraction block 212 is in the shape of an L, the rotating block 235 is provided with a sliding groove 236, the sliding groove 236 is a linear groove, the expansion and contraction block 212 is slidingly connected with the linear groove, and the rotating block 235 is in the shape of a cylinder and is used for the rotation of the polishing disc 11 while revolving around the central axis of the rotating block 235.

[0052] By adopting the above technical scheme, the expansion block 212 is designed as a L-shaped structure, one end of which is connected with the adaptive elastic member 211 and the lead screw, and the other end is matched with the rotating block 235 through the right-angle structure thereof; the rotating block 235 is provided with a sliding groove 236, and the sliding groove 236 is a linear groove, so that the expansion block 212 can realize linear sliding in the groove, thereby completing position adjustment; the rotating block 235 is in a cylindrical structure as a whole, and the shape thereof ensures uniform stress and smooth operation in the rotary motion. When the rotating motor 232 is started to drive the rotating gear rod 234 to operate, the cylindrical rotating block 235 rotates around the central axis thereof and generates revolution, and the expansion block 212 realizes linear reciprocating adjustment in the movement process of the rotating block 235 through the sliding connection with the linear groove, so that the polishing disc 11 can revolve around the central axis while rotating, thereby achieving larger range of polishing. The L-shaped expansion block 212 is matched with the linear groove through the structural characteristics thereof, and effectively converts the stress from the lead screw and the elastic member into linear displacement along the groove; the cylindrical rotating block 235 rotates under the driving of the motor and the gear rod, and drives the expansion block 212 connected therewith to make corresponding revolution, so that the polishing disc 11 realizes the composite motion of rotation and revolution, thereby enhancing the coverage and uniformity of polishing. Through the cooperation of the L-shaped expansion block 212, the cylindrical rotating block 235 and the linear groove, the polishing disc 11 can realize the revolution around the central axis while keeping stable rotation, effectively expand the polishing range, ensure continuous and uniform polishing under the condition of complex curved surface, avoid the problems of local omission or repeated grinding, thereby greatly improve the polishing efficiency and overall quality of aircraft maintenance.

[0053] Further, the positioning mechanism 3 comprises a mechanical arm 31 and a sliding rail base 32, the mechanical arm 31 and the sliding rail base 32 are tightly connected, and the mechanical arm 31 and the transmission shell 231 are tightly connected.

[0054] By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning mechanism 3 is composed of the mechanical arm 31 and the slide rail base 32, the mechanical arm 31 is installed on the slide rail base 32 in a fastening mode, can realize horizontal or longitudinal displacement adjustment along the base, and meanwhile, the other end of the mechanical arm 31 is fastened and connected with the transmission shell 231, thereby providing a stable support and installation position for the whole polishing equipment. In use, the operator first fixes the slide rail base 32 near the aircraft repair area, moves the mechanical arm 31 to a suitable position through the guiding function of the slide rail base 32, and then fastens and connects the mechanical arm 31 with the transmission shell 231, so that the polishing mechanism 1 and the self-adaptive mechanism 2 are in a stable working posture, thereby facilitating subsequent automatic polishing operation. The slide rail base 32 serves as a support platform and provides stable sliding guiding function of the mechanical arm 31, and the mechanical arm 31 serves as a bearing and adjusting component and is responsible for fixing and keeping the transmission shell 231 and various components connected therewith in a proper working position, thereby ensuring smoothness and accuracy of the device in the running process through a double fastening structure. The positioning mechanism 3 realizes quick positioning and stable installation of the polishing equipment in different repair areas through cooperation of the mechanical arm 31 and the slide rail base 32, thereby improving operation flexibility and ensuring stability of the device in the high-load polishing process, so as to effectively improve repair efficiency and polishing quality and avoid repair defects caused by inaccurate positioning or device shaking.

[0055] Working principle of the present application:

[0056] Firstly, in the part of polishing mechanism 1, the polishing disc 11 adopts a round cake structure with a circular arc edge, which is connected with the universal hinge rod 12 and the polishing motor 13. Five polishing units are symmetrically distributed in a way that one is in the center and the other four are around it. The center polishing disc 11 is responsible for accurate central polishing, and the peripheral polishing disc 11 cooperates to complete uniform coverage of a large area. The circular arc edge avoids corner scratches on the surface. The universal hinge rod 12 is driven to rotate by the motor, and then the rotation is transmitted to the polishing disc 11 to form stable rotation, realizing multi-disc collaborative polishing in all directions, effectively improving the processing precision of complex surfaces. In the cooperation part of the expansion block 212 and the rotating block 235, the expansion block 212 is designed in a L-shaped structure, and the rotating block 235 is in a cylindrical shape with a linear sliding groove 236 on the cylinder. One end of the expansion block 212 is connected with the screw rod and the self-adaptive elastic element 211, and the other end is embedded in the sliding groove 236 of the rotating block 235, which can realize linear sliding along the groove. The polishing disc 11 rotates around the central axis while being driven by the cylindrical rotating block 235, forming a "rotation + revolution" compound motion mode. When the rotating motor 232 drives the gear rod to rotate the rotating block 235, the expansion block 212 is constrained by the groove to move linearly, so that the polishing disc 11 can rotate around the central axis while maintaining high-speed rotation. The L-shaped expansion block 212 combines the linear force generated by the screw rod expansion with the rotational motion of the rotating block 235, and converts it into a composite trajectory through the sliding groove 236, ensuring that the polishing disc 11 can maintain continuous and uniform contact on complex surfaces. Compared with the traditional polishing method with only rotation, this design gives the polishing disc 11 a larger coverage range and adaptability at the structural level, effectively avoiding dead angles and insufficient grinding, significantly improving the efficiency and overall quality of maintenance operations. Finally, the self-adaptive assembly 21 is composed of the self-adaptive elastic element 211 and the expansion block 212. The elastic element is equally distributed around the universal hinge rod 12, forming a symmetrical flexible support. The expansion assembly 22 is composed of expansion motor 221, transmission worm 224, sliding sleeve worm 227, two expansion screws and transmission screw block 225. The motor drives the screw rod through the worm and gear column, and finally drives the expansion block 212 to linearly expand and contract. In cooperation with the rotating motor 232, gear, gear rod and rotating block 235 in the rotating assembly 23, the expansion block 212 can rotate around the central axis of the rotating block 235 while maintaining the rotation of the polishing disc 11, forming a rotation and revolution compound motion, greatly increasing the polishing coverage range and surface adaptability.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments and that the present application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. The embodiments should therefore be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the above description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No reference signs in the claims should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims with respect to the figures of the patent document.

Claims

1. A grinding device for civil aircraft maintenance with surface adaptive function, characterized in that: The grinding equipment includes a grinding mechanism (1), an adaptive mechanism (2), and a positioning mechanism (3). The grinding mechanism (1) and the adaptive mechanism (2) are fastened together, and the adaptive mechanism (2) and the positioning mechanism (3) are fastened together. The grinding mechanism (1) includes a grinding disc (11), a universal hinge rod (12), and a grinding motor (13). The grinding motor (13) and the adaptive mechanism (2) are fastened together. The grinding disc (11), the universal hinge rod (12), and the grinding motor (13) are provided in five groups. One group of the grinding disc (11) is located at the center, and the other four groups of the grinding disc (11) are arranged in a circle. The grinding motor (13) and the universal hinge rod (12) are connected in a driving connection. The universal hinge rod (12) and the grinding disc (11) are connected in a driving connection. The grinding disc (11) is in the shape of a disc, and the outer edge of the grinding disc (11) is arc-shaped; The adaptive mechanism (2) includes an adaptive component (21), an expansion component (22), and a rotating component (23). The adaptive component (21) and the expansion component (22) are fastened together, the expansion component (22) and the rotating component (23) are slidably connected, and the rotating component (23) and the positioning mechanism (3) are fastened together. The adaptive component (21) includes an adaptive elastic element (211) and an expansion block (212). The adaptive elastic element (211) and the expansion block (212) are fastened together. The expansion block (212) and the expansion component (22) are fastened together. The adaptive elastic element (211) and the grinding disc (11) are fastened together. The adaptive elastic element (211) is arranged equidistantly around the periphery of the universal hinge rod (12). The expansion assembly (22) includes an expansion motor (221), a first expansion lead screw (222), a second expansion lead screw (223), a transmission worm gear (224), a transmission lead screw block (225), a driven gear column (226), and a sliding worm gear (227). The expansion motor (221) and the rotating assembly (23) are fastened together. The expansion motor (221) and the transmission worm gear (224) are connected in a transmission manner. The transmission worm gear (224) and the driven gear column (227) are connected in a transmission manner. 26) Transmission connection: the driven toothed column (226) and the sliding worm gear (227) are connected in transmission; the sliding worm gear (227) and the first expanding lead screw (222) are connected in transmission; the sliding worm gear (227) and the second expanding lead screw (223) are connected in transmission; the first expanding lead screw (222) and the second expanding lead screw (223) are both connected in transmission to the expanding block (212); and the transmission lead screw block (225) and the rotating assembly (23) are fastened together.

2. The grinding equipment for civil aircraft maintenance with surface adaptive function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (23) includes a transmission housing (231), a rotating motor (232), a rotating gear (233), a rotating rack (234), and a rotating block (235). The transmission housing (231) and the positioning mechanism (3) are fastened together. The rotating motor (232) and the transmission housing (231) are fastened together. The rotating motor (232) and the rotating gear (233) are connected in a driving manner. The rotating gear (233) and the rotating rack (234) are connected in a driving manner. The sliding sleeve worm gear (227) and the rotating rack (234) are slidably connected. The rotating rack (234) and the rotating block (235) are connected in a driving manner. The expanding block (212) and the rotating block (235) are slidably connected.

3. A grinding device for civil aircraft maintenance with surface adaptive function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expanding block (212) is L-shaped, the rotating block (235) is provided with a sliding groove (236), the sliding groove (236) is a linear groove, the expanding block (212) and the linear groove are slidably connected, the rotating block (235) is cylindrical, and the rotating block (235) is used to revolve around the central axis of the rotating block (235) while the grinding disc (11) rotates.

4. A grinding device for civil aircraft maintenance with surface adaptive function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (3) includes a robotic arm (31) and a slide rail base (32), the robotic arm (31) and the slide rail base (32) are fastened together, and the robotic arm (31) and the transmission housing (231) are fastened together.

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