Method and application of herbaceous plant multi-element compounded eco-friendly dust suppressant

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration environment-friendly dust suppressants, and particularly discloses a method and application of a herbaceous plant multi-element compounded eco-friendly dust suppressant, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining 65-80-mesh corn straw and corncob mixed powder; preparing a cellulose mixed solution; adding water for dilution, and adding bacillus mucilaginosus for full activation; and adding guar gum and CaCl2 to obtain the eco-friendly microbial dust suppressant. When the fertilizer is used for bare soil dust treatment, festuca arundinacea seeds can be added to form green vegetation to achieve an ecological restoration effect. According to the method and application of the herbaceous plant multi-element compounded eco-friendly dust suppressant, on the basis of the idea of preventing and controlling dust from the source, the prepared dust suppressant is good in dust falling effect, water is saved, the visibility of a stope face can be improved, flying dust pollution can be reduced, and coal mine production conditions can be improved; according to the preparation method, herbal natural resources are fully utilized, and the concept of sustainable development is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration environmental dust suppressants, and specifically relates to a method and application of an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared by multi-component compounding of herbs. Background Art

[0002] Construction sites, mines, roads, and other locations generate large amounts of dust, which not only severely impacts air quality but also harms public health. For example, people exposed to high concentrations of dust over a long period of time are susceptible to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, dust can damage the surrounding environment, affecting plant growth and ecosystem balance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective dust suppression technologies to control dust pollution.

[0003] To date, a wide variety of dust suppression methods exist, including traditional watering and the installation of dust nets. During the development and industrial testing of moisturizing dust suppressants for truck roads in the Northern Open-Pit Coal Mine, it was found that while watering is simple and easy to use in open-pit coal mines, it can cause secondary or repeated dusting as the water evaporates. Watering alone is not only inefficient but also wastes water resources. While dust nets offer significant advantages in open-pit soil due to their ease of operation, they differ significantly from traditional watering methods in that they require significant manpower and resources to install, and face challenges such as net recovery, which also presents significant inconveniences.

[0004] Dust suppression agents are more effective than water spraying and laying dust-proof nets, but spraying dust suppressants can have a negative impact on the surrounding environment. Existing dust suppressants have limited wetting and spreading on the dust surface, making them unable to efficiently adsorb and bond dust particles, leading to insufficient dust suppression rates. Chinese invention patent CN109021925A discloses a method for preparing an environmentally friendly dust suppressant, which uses polyacrylamide-based polymers as a skeleton material, polyvalent ethanol as a hygroscopic material, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a surfactant. The agent has excellent adhesion and rapid film-forming properties, can consolidate fine particles on the surface, increase surface strength, and rapidly form a film on the surface. However, this patent uses polyacrylamide, which is difficult to degrade. Solid-state emissions into the environment cause certain environmental damage and are not friendly to the living space of soil microorganisms.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a method and application of an eco-friendly dust suppressant with a multi-component herbal compound that can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and application of an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared by a multi-component compound of herbal plants. Based on the idea of ​​preventing and controlling dust from the source, the prepared dust suppressant has a good dust reduction effect, saves water, can improve the visibility of the mining working face, reduce dust pollution, and improve coal mine production conditions; the preparation method makes full use of herbal natural resources and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing an eco-friendly dust suppressant by compounding multiple herbs, comprising the following steps: Step S1, washing corn stalks and corn cobs with clean water, drying them naturally, chopping and grinding them, and then fully crushing them with a universal grinder to obtain a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs with a mesh size of 65-80; Step S2: preparing a NaOH solution, adding a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs to the NaOH solution, heating and stirring in a constant temperature water bath at 90-100° C. to fully dissolve the mixture, thereby obtaining a cellulose mixed solution; Step S3, diluting the obtained cellulose mixed solution with water to a pH value of 7.9; heating the solution in a constant temperature water bath at 30.9° C. while stirring the solution with a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer, and adding Bacillus subtilis to obtain a mixed solution; Step S4, adding guar gum to the mixed solution to provide a sugar source for Bacillus mucilaginosus to meet the growth requirements of Bacillus mucilaginosus, thereby obtaining a Bacillus mucilaginosus growth solution; Step S5, adding CaCl2 to the Bacillus subtilis propagation liquid, and letting it stand in the culture medium for 2 hours to fully activate the Bacillus subtilis; Step S6: After the activation of the Bacillus mucilaginosus is completed, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 35° C. and stirred simultaneously with heating by a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer to obtain an eco-friendly dust suppressant.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the mass concentration of the prepared NaOH solution is 2%; wherein the ratio of the NaOH solution to the mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs is 1 mL:5 g; the stirring time is 1-2 h, and the rotation speed is 400 r / min.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, different inoculation amount tests are performed to detect the growth of Bacillus mucilaginosus cells (OD 600 ); Different inoculation amounts include 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, and 4%; among them, the optimal inoculation amount of Bacillus mucilaginosus is 3.5%; The stirring time is 15-20 minutes, and the rotation speed is 500 r / min; wherein the number of effective bacteria in each gram of Bacillus subtilis is ≥5 billion.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the mass ratio of Bacillus mucilaginosus to guar gum is 80:1.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5, the mass ratio of guar gum to CaCl2 is 1:3.

[0012] Preferably, in step S6, the stirring time is 35-40 min and the rotation speed is 600 r / min.

[0013] A dust suppressant is prepared by a multi-component herbal compound eco-friendly dust suppressant method. Tall fescue seeds are added to the prepared dust suppressant to control dust on exposed soil and achieve an ecological restoration effect.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the eco-friendly dust suppressant to tall fescue seeds is 10:1.

[0015] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned method of preparing an eco-friendly dust suppressant with a multi-component herbal compound, and the beneficial effects are as follows: (1) Significant dust suppression effect: The dust suppressant prepared by the present invention can cause fine soil particles to condense into large flocs or form a membrane structure, increase the weight of dust particles, and effectively suppress dust generation; for example, when used in places such as railway lines and urban roads, it can maintain the dust suppression effect for a long time. Its high molecular polymer and other components capture, adsorb, and agglomerate dust particles, locking them in a mesh structure, playing the role of wetting, bonding, condensing, absorbing moisture, preventing dust, preventing erosion, and resisting scouring, thereby reducing the harm caused by dust; (2) Strong eco-friendliness: The dust suppressant prepared by the present invention is made of renewable and naturally degradable materials such as natural herbs and their derivatives. After use, it will not cause "secondary pollution" like traditional dust nets. It can gradually decompose in the natural environment and provide nutrients for vegetation growth after decomposition. It does not cause pollution or damage to groundwater, soil, air, vegetation, etc., and has minimal negative impact on the surrounding ecological environment and organisms, which is conducive to maintaining ecological balance; (3) The present invention provides a method for preparing cellulose by alkaline hydrolysis of corn stalks and corn cobs, which plays the role of a chain bridge and can link dust particles together, thereby facilitating Bacillus mucilaginosus to utilize the cementing properties of microorganisms to induce the principle of calcium carbonate consolidation and dust suppression; the microorganisms secreted by Bacillus mucilaginosus have good adhesive properties in the dust suppressant, and the mineralized products in the microbial dust suppressant can play the role of bonding, connecting and filling the coal dust, and can effectively consolidate tiny coal dust particles, thereby forming a complete consolidation layer; (4) Adaptability to various scenarios: The dust suppressant prepared by the present invention can be widely used in places where a large amount of dust is generated, such as construction sites, mining, and road transportation.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of an eco-friendly dust suppressant method and application example of a multi-component herbal compound. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0020] A method for preparing an eco-friendly dust suppressant by compounding multiple herbs comprises the following steps: Step S1: Wash corn stalks and corn cobs with clean water, dry them naturally, cut them into pieces and grind them, and then fully crush them with a universal grinder to obtain a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs with a mesh size of 65-80.

[0021] Step S2: preparing a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 2%, adding a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs to the NaOH solution, with the ratio of NaOH solution to the mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs being 1 mL:5 g, heating and stirring in a constant temperature water bath at 90-100° C. for 1-2 hours at a rotation speed of 400 r / min to fully dissolve the cellulose, and obtaining a cellulose mixed solution.

[0022] Step S3: The resulting cellulose mixed solution is diluted with water to a pH of 7.9, cooled to 30.9°C, and heated in a constant-temperature water bath while stirring for 15-20 minutes using a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer at 500 rpm. Bacillus subtilis is then added to obtain a mixed solution. The effective number of Bacillus subtilis per gram of the mixed solution is ≥ 5 billion.

[0023] Among them, different inoculation amount experiments were carried out to detect the growth of Bacillus mucilaginosus (OD 600 The inoculum concentrations for Bacillus subtilis were 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, and 4%. The optimal inoculum concentration for Bacillus subtilis was 3.5%.

[0024] Step S4: adding guar gum to the mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to guar gum is 80:1, thereby providing a sugar source for Bacillus subtilis, meeting the growth requirements of Bacillus subtilis, and obtaining a Bacillus subtilis growth solution.

[0025] Step S5: Add CaCl2 to the Bacillus subtilis propagation medium and let it stand in the culture medium for 2 hours to fully activate the Bacillus subtilis. The mass ratio of guar gum to CaCl2 is 1:3.

[0026] Step S6: After the activation of the Bacillus mucilaginosus is completed, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 35° C. and stirred for 35-40 minutes by a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer at a speed of 600 r / min to obtain an eco-friendly dust suppressant.

[0027] Adding plant seeds to the prepared eco-friendly dust suppressant to control dust on exposed soil can achieve the effect of ecological restoration. The mass ratio of the eco-friendly dust suppressant to the plant seeds is 10:1.

[0028] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing an eco-friendly dust suppressant by compounding multiple herbs comprises the following steps: Step S1: Wash corn stalks and corn cobs with clean water, dry them naturally, cut them into pieces and grind them, and then fully crush them with a universal grinder to obtain a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs with a mesh size of 80.

[0029] Step S2: prepare a 2% NaOH solution, add 10 g of a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs to the NaOH solution, heat and stir in a constant temperature water bath at 90° C. for 1-2 hours at a speed of 400 rpm to fully dissolve the cellulose, and obtain a cellulose solution.

[0030] Step S3: dilute the obtained cellulose solution with water to a pH of 7.9, cool it to 30.9° C., heat it in a constant temperature water bath, and stir it for 18 minutes using a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer at a speed of 500 rpm. Add Bacillus subtilis to the solution, and the inoculum amount of Bacillus subtilis is 3.5% to obtain a mixed solution.

[0031] The Bacillus subtilis in this example was purchased from the China Industrial Microorganism Collection Center, strain number: CICC21699.

[0032] Step S4: adding guar gum to the mixed solution, with the mass ratio of Bacillus mucilaginosus to guar gum being 80:1, to provide a sugar source for Bacillus mucilaginosus, meet the reproduction requirements of Bacillus mucilaginosus, and obtain Bacillus mucilaginosus reproduction liquid.

[0033] Step S5: Add CaCl2 to the Bacillus subtilis propagation medium and let it stand in the culture medium for 2 hours to fully activate the Bacillus subtilis. The mass ratio of guar gum to CaCl2 is 1:3.

[0034] Step S6: After the activation of Bacillus mucilaginosus is completed, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 35° C. and stirred for 40 minutes by a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer at a speed of 600 r / min to obtain an eco-friendly microbial dust suppressant.

[0035] (1) The dust suppressant prepared in this example was used to control dust during railway coal transportation and tested.

[0036] The test results show that the thickness of the solidified layer formed after spraying is greater than 10mm, and the wind erosion rate is less than 1% when the wind speed on the coal seam surface is 30m / s for 5 minutes. The density (20℃) is 1.00-1.10g / cm 3 The viscosity (25℃) is 400mPa·s and the pH value is 7.8-8. The average corrosion rate of steel is ≤5x10 -5 m / a, uniform corrosion rate of aluminum alloy ≤3x10 -5 m / a, average corrosion rate of TCS stainless steel ≤1x10 -7 m / a.

[0037] (2) The dust suppressant prepared in this example was used in an exposed field and tested.

[0038] Plant seeds were added to the bare field, wherein the plant seeds were tall fescue seeds, and the mass ratio of the dust suppressant to the tall fescue seeds was 10:1.

[0039] The test results show that by mixing the dust suppressant prepared in the example with tall fescue seeds, dust on exposed soil can be controlled and the effect of ecological restoration can be achieved.

[0040] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned method and application of an eco-friendly dust suppressant with a multi-component herbal compound, based on the idea of ​​preventing and controlling dust from the source. The prepared dust suppressant has a good dust reduction effect, saves water, can improve the visibility of the mining working face, reduce dust pollution, and improve coal mine production conditions; this preparation method makes full use of herbal natural resources and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing an eco-friendly dust suppressant by compounding multiple herbs, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, washing corn stalks and corn cobs with clean water, drying them naturally, chopping and grinding them, and then fully crushing them with a universal grinder to obtain a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs with a mesh size of 65-80; Step S2: preparing a NaOH solution, adding a mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs to the NaOH solution, heating and stirring in a constant temperature water bath at 90-100° C. to fully dissolve the mixture, thereby obtaining a cellulose mixed solution; Step S3, diluting the obtained cellulose mixed solution with water to a pH value of 7.9; Heat in a constant temperature water bath at 30.9°C while stirring with a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer, and add Bacillus subtilis to obtain a mixed solution; Step S4, adding guar gum to the mixed solution to provide a sugar source for Bacillus mucilaginosus to meet the growth requirements of Bacillus mucilaginosus, thereby obtaining a Bacillus mucilaginosus growth solution; Step S5, adding CaCl2 to the Bacillus subtilis propagation liquid, and letting it stand in the culture medium for 2 hours to fully activate the Bacillus subtilis; Step S6: After the activation of the Bacillus mucilaginosus is completed, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature water bath at 35° C. and stirred simultaneously with heating by a precision power-amplifying electric stirrer to obtain an eco-friendly dust suppressant.

2. The method for producing an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared from a multi-component herbal plant compound according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass concentration of the prepared NaOH solution is 2%; wherein, the ratio of the NaOH solution to the mixed powder of corn stalks and corn cobs is 1 mL:5 g; the stirring time is 1-2 h, and the rotation speed is 400 r / min.

3. The method for producing an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared from a multi-component herbal plant compound according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, different inoculum size tests are performed to detect the growth of Bacillus mucilaginosus; the different inoculum sizes include 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, and 4%; The stirring time is 15-20 minutes, the rotation speed is 500 r / min; the number of effective bacteria in each gram of Bacillus subtilis in the mixed liquid is ≥5 billion.

4. The method for producing an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared by compounding multiple herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to guar gum is 80:

1.

5. The method for producing an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared by compounding multiple herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the mass ratio of guar gum to CaCl2 is 1:

3.

6. The method for producing an eco-friendly dust suppressant prepared by compounding multiple herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the stirring time is 35-40 minutes and the rotation speed is 600 r / min.

7. A dust suppressant prepared by the method of an eco-friendly dust suppressant with a multi-component herbal compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein tall fescue seeds are added to the prepared dust suppressant to control dust on exposed soil to achieve an ecological restoration effect.

8. The use of the herbal multi-component eco-friendly dust suppressant according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of eco-friendly dust suppressant to tall fescue seeds is 10:1.

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