Wind turbine generator defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound and related device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine generator equipment detection, and relates to a wind turbine generator defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound and a related device. Comprising the following steps: determining a to-be-detected wind turbine generator key component and a detection area thereof; configuring a scanning path, a focusing rule and an acoustic beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe according to the geometrical characteristics of the detection area; coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of a component, moving along the scanning path, transmitting ultrasonic waves according to the focusing rule and the sound beam deflection angle, and receiving corresponding echo signals; generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; the ultrasound image is analyzed to identify, locate, and assess the size and nature of the defect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine equipment detection, and relates to a wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound and a related device. Background Art

[0002] As a vital component of clean energy, wind turbines operate in complex, ever-changing, and harsh environments. They are subjected to alternating loads, extreme weather conditions, and mechanical vibrations. These conditions can easily lead to fatigue cracks, corrosion, and material delamination in key wind turbine components (such as the main shaft, gearbox, blades, tower, and generator rotor shaft), seriously threatening the safe operation and service life of the turbines. Therefore, regular and effective nondestructive testing of key wind turbine components to promptly detect and assess defects is crucial for ensuring the safe and stable operation of wind farms and reducing O&M costs.

[0003] Traditional nondestructive testing methods, such as conventional ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, and penetrant testing, have been widely used in the industrial sector. However, these methods have significant limitations in wind turbine inspection: conventional ultrasonic testing typically uses manual scanning with a single probe, resulting in low inspection efficiency and poor adaptability to components with complex geometries. Furthermore, test results rely heavily on operator experience, making it difficult to accurately quantify and visualize defects. Magnetic particle and penetrant testing are only suitable for surface defect detection and cannot effectively assess internal or near-surface defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a wind turbine defect detection method and related devices based on phased array ultrasound, which realizes the accurate identification, spatial positioning and quantitative evaluation of size and properties of defects.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting defects in a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound, comprising the following steps: Determine the key components of the wind turbine to be inspected and their inspection areas; According to the geometric characteristics of the detection area, the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe are configured; Coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of the component and moving it along the scanning path, while emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving corresponding echo signals according to the focusing law and the acoustic beam deflection angle; generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; The ultrasound images are analyzed to identify, locate, and assess the size and nature of the defect.

[0006] Preferably, the key components of the wind turbine include the main shaft, gearbox, blades, tower and generator rotor shaft of the wind turbine; the detection area is a strip-shaped or regional surface and near-surface area with a set range extending along the surface of the key characteristic structure on the component where defects or stress concentration may exist.

[0007] Preferably, according to the type of the detection area, the step of configuring the scanning path, the focusing law and the sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasound probe includes: For planar detection areas, a linear scanning path is configured, dynamic depth focusing law is adopted, and the beam deflection angle is set to 0~50°; For curved surface detection areas, a sector-shaped scanning path is configured, and the surface adaptive focusing law is adopted. The sound beam deflection angle is compensated in real time according to the curvature of the surface.

[0008] Preferably, the method for determining the type of detection area is: obtaining the surface three-dimensional morphology data of the component detection area by measurement, and calculating its curvature distribution; determining the area with a curvature value less than a set threshold as a planar detection area, and determining the area with a curvature value greater than or equal to the set threshold as a curved detection area.

[0009] Preferably, the step of generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal includes: The received echo signals are preprocessed; the preprocessed echo signals are synthesized according to the spatial position according to the scanning path, focusing law and beam deflection angle; and the synthesized signals are reconstructed into an ultrasonic image representing the detection area using a beamforming algorithm.

[0010] Preferably, the step of analyzing the ultrasound image to identify, locate and assess the size and nature of the defect comprises: Extracting characteristic regions from the ultrasonic image and identifying suspected defects based on the amplitude, time domain characteristics, and spatial distribution characteristics of the echo signal; Based on the correspondence between the pixel size of the ultrasonic image and the actual physical size, the identified defects are located to determine their depth from the component surface and their two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates within the inspection area; Based on the length, height and area of ​​the defect displayed in the ultrasound image, compensation calculation is performed in combination with the diffusion characteristics of the ultrasonic beam to evaluate the actual size of the defect; Based on the morphological characteristics of the defect, the echo signal characteristics and its position on the component, the nature of the defect is evaluated according to the pre-stored defect feature database.

[0011] Preferably, the method for constructing the pre-stored defect feature database is: A standard test block with known defects is tested, its ultrasonic image features and signal features are extracted, and the features are associated with the corresponding defect types and size parameters to construct the defect feature database.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a wind turbine defect detection system based on phased array ultrasound, comprising: Area determination module: used to determine the key components of the wind turbine to be inspected and their inspection areas; Parameter configuration module: configured to configure the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe according to the geometric characteristics of the detection area; Scanning module: used for coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of the component and moving it along the scanning path, while emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving corresponding echo signals according to the focusing law and the sound beam deflection angle; An image generation module is configured to generate an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; Defect analysis and evaluation module: used to analyze the ultrasonic image to identify, locate and evaluate the size and nature of the defect.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of a wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound when executing the computer program.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By adaptively configuring the scanning path, focusing law, and beam deflection angle based on the geometric characteristics of the detection area, the detection accuracy and signal quality in complex contour areas are significantly improved. By using the phased array probe to move along the path and dynamically transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, efficient and full-coverage automated scanning is achieved, effectively enhancing the ability to detect internal defects. High-quality ultrasonic images are generated through echo signals, and based on image analysis, accurate identification, spatial positioning, and quantitative evaluation of size and properties of defects are achieved, providing reliable technical means and decision-making basis for in-service inspection, safety assessment, and predictive maintenance of key components of wind turbines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 Flowchart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting defects in wind turbines based on phased array ultrasound. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Determine the key components of the wind turbine to be inspected and their inspection areas; According to the geometric characteristics of the detection area, the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe are configured; Coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of the component and moving it along the scanning path, while emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving corresponding echo signals according to the focusing law and the acoustic beam deflection angle; generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; The ultrasound images are analyzed to identify, locate, and assess the size and nature of the defect.

[0025] The present invention provides a wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound, which lays a good foundation for implementing targeted non-destructive testing by determining key components and their specific detection areas, effectively avoiding missed detection and blind scanning, and improving the pertinence and efficiency of detection; further, the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array probe are accurately configured according to the geometric characteristics of the detection area, which can significantly improve the coverage and resolution of the ultrasonic beam for complex contours and internal structures, ensure that the sound energy is effectively concentrated in the target area, and enhance the strength and signal-to-noise ratio of the defect signal; by coupling the probe and moving it along a predetermined path, and according to the set parameters The emission and reception of ultrasonic waves enables efficient, automated and full-coverage scanning of the inspection area, greatly improving the consistency and repeatability of inspections and reducing the impact of human operational differences on the results; high-quality ultrasonic images are generated based on the received echo signals, converting abstract ultrasonic signals into intuitive image information, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent analysis; ultimately, through intelligent analysis of images, accurate identification, spatial positioning and quantitative assessment of size and properties of defects are achieved, comprehensively improving the accuracy, reliability and intelligence level of defect detection, and providing strong technical support for the safe operation and maintenance of key components of wind turbines.

[0026] Key wind turbine components include the main shaft, gearbox, blades, tower, and generator rotor shaft. These components are subject to complex alternating loads and are prone to fatigue cracking, corrosion, delamination, and other damage, impacting the safety and lifespan of the turbine. The inspection area is a strip-shaped or regional surface and near-surface area extending along the surface of a component, centered on a key feature structure that may harbor defects or stress concentrations.

[0027] Exemplarily, according to the type of the detection area, the step of configuring the scanning path, the focusing law, and the beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasound probe includes: For planar inspection areas, a linear scanning path is configured, dynamic depth focusing is adopted, and the beam deflection angle is set to 0~50°. This configuration enables high-speed, full-coverage scanning of flat areas. Dynamic depth focusing ensures that the beam energy is concentrated at different depths, significantly improving resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and effectively identifying tiny defects. At the same time, the combination of linear scanning and controllable angle takes into account both inspection efficiency and accuracy.

[0028] For curved inspection areas, such as blades or towers, a sector-shaped scanning path is configured, using a curved adaptive focusing principle. Dynamic compensation for beam deflection is calculated based on real-time surface curvature data. This approach ensures the beam is always incident perpendicular to the component surface, effectively overcoming acoustic energy scattering and coupling losses caused by curved surfaces. This ensures the accuracy and consistency of acoustic wave propagation within complex structures, significantly improving defect detection rates and positioning accuracy. This approach is particularly suitable for the precise nondestructive evaluation of components with complex geometries.

[0029] Among them, the method for determining the type of detection area is: obtaining high-precision surface three-dimensional morphology data of the detection area of ​​the component to be inspected through three-dimensional laser scanning or structured light measurement technology; calculating its curvature distribution characteristics based on the data, and setting the curvature threshold according to the actual detection accuracy requirements; determining the area with continuous curvature values ​​that are all lower than the set threshold as a planar detection area, and determining the area with curvature values ​​that are continuously higher than or equal to the set threshold as a curved surface detection area.

[0030] Exemplarily, the step of generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal includes: The received echo signals are preprocessed, mainly including signal gain adjustment, noise filtering, and time-domain noise reduction, to effectively suppress clutter and electromagnetic interference, and improve signal clarity and signal-to-noise ratio. Subsequently, based on the pre-configured scanning path, focusing law, and beam deflection angle, the preprocessed multi-channel echo signals are aligned and synthesized according to their corresponding spatial positions to ensure that the signals accurately correspond to the physical location of the detection area. Finally, delay-and-sum beamforming (DAS) or other adaptive beamforming algorithms are used to spatially reconstruct the synthesized signals to generate an ultrasound image representing the detection area.

[0031] Exemplarily, the steps of analyzing the ultrasound image to identify, locate, and assess the size and nature of the defect include: Extract abnormal feature areas from ultrasound images, analyze the amplitude intensity, time domain characteristics (such as arrival time, pulse width) and spatial distribution characteristics (such as aggregation and directionality) of echo signals, and combine adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological processing to identify suspected defect areas and effectively distinguish real defects from noise or clutter interference; Based on the correspondence between the pixel size obtained by calibration of the ultrasonic imaging system and the actual physical size, the identified defects are accurately located. The depth from the component surface is determined by calculating the echo propagation time and the material sound velocity. Based on the mapping of the scanning path and the probe position, the two-dimensional or three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the defect within the inspection area are determined, achieving a quantitative description of the defect location. Based on the geometric parameters of the defect displayed in the ultrasound image, such as length, height, and area, compensation calculations are performed in combination with the diffusion characteristics of the ultrasonic beam in the material and the probe frequency to correct measurement deviations caused by beam diffusion and detection principles, thereby accurately assessing the actual size of the defect. Based on the morphological characteristics of the defect (such as shape and edge regularity), echo signal characteristics (such as amplitude distribution and spectral characteristics) and its location information on the component, it is matched and compared with the pre-stored defect feature database to comprehensively evaluate the nature of the defect (such as cracks, pores, inclusions, etc.) and output qualitative and quantitative analysis results.

[0032] The method for constructing the pre-stored defect feature database is as follows: A standard test block with known defects is tested, its ultrasonic image features and signal features are extracted, and the features are associated with the corresponding defect types and size parameters to construct the defect feature database.

[0033] The database supports rapid and consistent determination of defect properties in actual inspections, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of defect assessments, reducing the results' dependence on human subjective experience, and enhancing the objectivity and engineering applicability of inspection methods.

[0034] A second object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine defect detection system based on phased array ultrasound, comprising: Area determination module: used to determine the key components of the wind turbine to be inspected and their inspection areas; Parameter configuration module: configured to configure the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe according to the geometric characteristics of the detection area; Scanning module: used for coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of the component and moving it along the scanning path, while emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving corresponding echo signals according to the focusing law and the sound beam deflection angle; An image generation module is configured to generate an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; Defect analysis and evaluation module: used to analyze the ultrasonic image to identify, locate and evaluate the size and nature of the defect.

[0035] The parameter configuration module adaptively sets scanning parameters based on geometric features, significantly improving the detection adaptability and signal quality in complex structural areas; the scanning module automatically performs precise ultrasonic transmission and reception, ensuring the efficiency, consistency and reliability of the detection process; the image generation module converts echo signals into intuitive, high-quality ultrasonic images, providing a clear data basis for defect identification; the defect analysis and evaluation module realizes intelligent identification, precise positioning and quantitative evaluation of defects, greatly improving the accuracy and objectivity of the detection results.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is configured to store a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal and is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically loading and executing one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function. The processor described in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to operate a wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound.

[0037] The present invention also provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory). The computer-readable storage medium is a memory device in a computer device, used to store programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium herein may include both built-in storage media in the computer device and, of course, extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space, which stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, this storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor. These instructions may be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium herein may be high-speed RAM memory or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. The processor may load and execute the one or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium to implement the corresponding steps of the wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0039] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0040] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0041] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine defect detection method based on phased array ultrasound, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the key components of the wind turbine to be inspected and their inspection areas; According to the geometric characteristics of the detection area, the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe are configured; Coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of the component and moving it along the scanning path, while emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving corresponding echo signals according to the focusing law and the acoustic beam deflection angle; generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; The ultrasound images are analyzed to identify, locate, and assess the size and nature of the defect.

2. The method for detecting key components of a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key components of the wind turbine include the main shaft, gearbox, blades, tower and generator rotor shaft of the wind turbine; the detection area is centered on the key characteristic structure on the component where defects or stress concentration may exist, and extends along the surface of the component to a set range of strip or regional surface and near-surface area.

3. The method for detecting key components of a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the type of the detection area, the steps of configuring the scanning path, focusing law, and beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe include: For planar detection areas, a linear scanning path is configured, dynamic depth focusing law is adopted, and the beam deflection angle is set to 0~50°; For curved surface detection areas, a sector-shaped scanning path is configured, and the surface adaptive focusing law is adopted. The sound beam deflection angle is compensated in real time according to the curvature of the surface.

4. The method for detecting key components of a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for determining the type of the inspection area is as follows: obtaining the three-dimensional surface topography data of the component inspection area by measuring and calculating its curvature distribution; An area with a curvature value less than a set threshold is determined as a flat detection area, and an area with a curvature value greater than or equal to the set threshold is determined as a curved detection area.

5. The method for detecting key components of a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal comprises: The received echo signals are preprocessed; the preprocessed echo signals are synthesized according to the spatial position according to the scanning path, focusing law and beam deflection angle; and the synthesized signals are reconstructed into an ultrasonic image representing the detection area using a beamforming algorithm.

6. The method for detecting key components of a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps of analyzing the ultrasound image to identify, locate and assess the size and nature of the defect include: Extracting characteristic regions from the ultrasonic image and identifying suspected defects based on the amplitude, time domain characteristics, and spatial distribution characteristics of the echo signal; Based on the correspondence between the pixel size of the ultrasonic image and the actual physical size, the identified defects are located to determine their depth from the component surface and their two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates within the inspection area; Based on the length, height and area of ​​the defect displayed in the ultrasound image, compensation calculation is performed in combination with the diffusion characteristics of the ultrasonic beam to evaluate the actual size of the defect; Based on the morphological characteristics of the defect, the echo signal characteristics and its position on the component, the nature of the defect is evaluated according to the pre-stored defect feature database.

7. The method for detecting key components of a wind turbine generator system based on phased array ultrasound according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for constructing the pre-stored defect feature database is: A standard test block with known defects is tested, its ultrasonic image features and signal features are extracted, and the features are associated with the corresponding defect types and size parameters to construct the defect feature database.

8. A wind turbine defect detection system based on phased array ultrasound, characterized in that: include: Area determination module: used to determine the key components of the wind turbine to be inspected and their inspection areas; Parameter configuration module: configured to configure the scanning path, focusing law and sound beam deflection angle of the phased array ultrasonic probe according to the geometric characteristics of the detection area; Scanning module: used for coupling the phased array ultrasonic probe to the surface of the component and moving it along the scanning path, while emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving corresponding echo signals according to the focusing law and the sound beam deflection angle; An image generation module is configured to generate an ultrasonic image of the detection area according to the echo signal; Defect analysis and evaluation module: used to analyze the ultrasonic image to identify, locate and evaluate the size and nature of the defect.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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