Composite cooling system for tower footing of wind turbine generator

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a wind turbine generator tower footing composite cooling system. The system comprises a heat pipe heat dissipation module, an intelligent ventilation module and a temperature control center module. The heat pipe radiating module is composed of a heat pipe array vertically arranged on the inner wall of the tower footing, a heat pipe evaporation section of the heat pipe array is embedded into a radiating groove of a shell of the heating equipment, and a condensation section of the heat pipe array extends to a fin radiator at the top of the tower footing; the intelligent ventilation module comprises an air inlet shutter arranged at the bottom of the tower footing and a bidirectional frequency conversion fan mounted at the top of the tower footing, and the fan is driven by a photovoltaic power supply system; the temperature control central module integrates a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a wind speed sensor, and the working states of the heat pipe heat dissipation module and the intelligent ventilation module are dynamically adjusted by analyzing data of the sensors. By constructing a heat pipe-phase change material-intelligent ventilation multi-stage heat dissipation system, the temperature stability of equipment is maintained by the system, dependence on external energy is remarkably reduced, and a new technical normal form is provided for unattended operation and maintenance of large-scale wind power generation equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this specification relate to the field of equipment operation and maintenance technology, and in particular to a composite cooling system for a wind turbine tower base. Background Art

[0002] Traditional solutions for wind turbine tower cooling rely primarily on forced air cooling or liquid circulation. Forced air cooling systems use high-power fans to directly cool the equipment through air convection, but this system suffers from high energy consumption, high noise levels, and susceptibility to ambient wind speed. Liquid circulation cooling, which circulates coolant through closed pipes, offers high heat transfer efficiency but carries safety risks such as pipe corrosion and refrigerant leakage. Existing single heat pipe cooling structures, while capable of passive heat transfer, are unable to cope with the intermittent high heat generation characteristics of wind turbine equipment and can easily lead to delayed heat dissipation when the ambient temperature suddenly changes. Phase change materials have a relatively mature application in energy storage, but their three-dimensional integration with heat pipe arrays faces a technical bottleneck: a mismatch between the phase change rate and the heat pipe's thermal conductivity. Regarding intelligent control, traditional temperature control systems often use threshold-triggered control, which lacks the ability to predict dynamic thermal field changes, resulting in delayed heat dissipation response. Wind turbines generally rely on grid access for power supply, which can be unstable in remote wind farms.

[0003] Therefore, a better solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of this specification provide a wind turbine tower base composite cooling system to solve the technical defects existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a wind turbine tower base composite cooling system is provided, comprising a heat pipe heat dissipation module, an intelligent ventilation module, and a temperature control hub module; The heat pipe cooling module consists of a heat pipe array arranged vertically on the inner wall of the tower base. The heat pipe evaporation section of the heat pipe array is embedded in the heat dissipation groove of the heat generating device shell, and the condensation section extends to the finned heat sink at the top of the tower base. The intelligent ventilation module includes air inlet louvers at the bottom of the tower base and a bidirectional variable frequency fan installed at the top, which is driven by a photovoltaic power supply system. The temperature control center module integrates temperature sensors, humidity sensors and wind speed sensors, and dynamically adjusts the working status of the heat pipe cooling module and intelligent ventilation module by analyzing sensor data.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the fins of the condensing section of the heat pipe cooling module are filled with a phase change material with a melting point of 58±2°C. The phase change material melts and absorbs heat when the temperature exceeds a set threshold, and solidifies and releases heat when the temperature is lower than the set threshold.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the fan operation mode of the intelligent ventilation module includes: starting the negative pressure exhaust mode when the temperature control central module detects that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the tower base exceeds 5°C, and switching to the positive pressure supply mode when it detects that the ambient temperature is higher than the internal temperature of the tower base.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the temperature control center module includes an LSTM neural network model. The model receives 16-point data collected by the temperature sensor and weather forecast information, predicts the temperature change trend in the next 2 hours, and adjusts the cooling strategy in advance.

[0009] In one possible implementation, when the temperature sensor detects that a group of heat pipes has failed, the temperature control central module automatically increases the heat dissipation weight of adjacent heat pipes and compensates for the loss of heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the speed of the fan.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic power supply system includes flexible photovoltaic panels and supercapacitor energy storage units. The photovoltaic panels are laid on the top curved surface of the tower base, and their output power satisfies the following formula:

[0011] in, is the total output power of the photovoltaic system, is the conversion efficiency of the i-th photovoltaic panel, which is derived from the factory calibration parameters of the photovoltaic panel; is the effective daylighting area of ​​the i-th photovoltaic panel, which is derived from the surface measurement data of the top of the tower base; is the solar irradiance received by the i-th photovoltaic panel, which comes from the light intensity sensor integrated in the temperature control central module; is the ambient temperature, which comes from the temperature sensor; is the real-time wind speed at the j-th wind speed monitoring point, which comes from the wind speed sensor; is the air density, which is calculated based on the air pressure data stored in the temperature control central module; is the fan power coefficient, which comes from the fan performance curve; is the rated power of the fan, which is derived from the technical parameters of the equipment.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the effective heat dissipation capacity of the phase change material is calculated as follows:

[0013] in, is the total heat dissipation capacity of the phase change material, is the latent heat value of the kth group of phase change materials, which comes from the material properties database; is the mass of the kth group of phase change materials, which comes from the assembly record of the heat pipe cooling module; is the operating temperature difference of the kth group of phase change materials, which comes from the historical data of the temperature sensor; is the phase change duration, obtained through the timer of the temperature control central module; is the convection heat transfer coefficient of the lth fin, which is calculated by the wind speed sensor and temperature sensor; is the effective area of ​​the lth heat sink fin, which comes from the structural design drawing; and are the highest and lowest operating temperatures recorded by the temperature sensor respectively; It is the heat dissipation cycle, which is obtained through the operation log statistics of the temperature control central module.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the heat pipe array is arranged in a radial non-uniform manner, with a denser arrangement in the high-temperature hot spot area of ​​the heating equipment, and the distance between adjacent heat pipes does not exceed 15 cm.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the air inlet louvers are equipped with an electrostatic electret filter, which is automatically cleaned every quarter by the reverse airflow of the fan.

[0016] In one possible implementation, when the temperature control central module detects that the ambient wind speed exceeds 5m / s for 5 minutes, it automatically turns off the fan and switches to pure heat pipe passive cooling mode.

[0017] This solution achieves three key breakthroughs by constructing a multi-level heat dissipation system consisting of heat pipes, phase change materials, and intelligent ventilation. First, the honeycomb-like coupling structure of the phase change material and the heat pipe network creates a nonlinear temperature buffer mechanism, making the system resilient to sudden thermal shocks. Second, the collaborative work of the wind-solar hybrid energy supply system and the predictive temperature control algorithm creates a dynamic balance between energy supply and heat dissipation demand. Finally, a self-healing mechanism based on three-dimensional thermal field reconstruction overcomes the limitations of traditional heat dissipation systems, where single-point failures can lead to overall failure. These innovations enable the system to maintain equipment temperature stability while significantly reducing its reliance on external energy sources, providing a new technical paradigm for unmanned operation and maintenance of large-scale wind turbines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of a wind turbine tower base composite cooling system provided in one embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of this specification. However, this specification can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the scope of this specification. Therefore, this specification is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0020] The terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of this specification refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0021] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0022] In this specification, a composite cooling system for a wind turbine tower base is provided, which is described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A system schematic diagram of a composite cooling system for a wind turbine tower base provided according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown, which specifically includes a heat pipe heat dissipation module, an intelligent ventilation module and a temperature control central module; the heat pipe heat dissipation module is composed of a heat pipe array arranged vertically on the inner wall of the tower base, the heat pipe evaporation section of the heat pipe array is embedded in the heat dissipation groove of the heating device casing, and the condensation section extends to the fin radiator at the top of the tower base; the intelligent ventilation module includes air inlet louvers arranged at the bottom of the tower base and a bidirectional variable frequency fan installed at the top, and the fan is driven by a photovoltaic power supply system; the temperature control central module integrates temperature sensors, humidity sensors and wind speed sensors, and dynamically adjusts the working status of the heat pipe heat dissipation module and the intelligent ventilation module by analyzing sensor data.

[0024] A heat pipe cooling module can refer to a passive heat transfer device consisting of sealed metal tubes and a working fluid, used to transfer heat from the equipment to the heat dissipation terminal through a phase change cycle. An intelligent ventilation module can refer to a hybrid system integrating mechanical ventilation and natural convection, capable of automatically adjusting airflow patterns based on environmental parameters. A temperature control hub module can refer to a control unit equipped with a multi-sensor fusion algorithm, used to analyze thermodynamic parameters in real time and output adjustment instructions. A tower base can refer to the concrete support structure of a wind turbine generator, providing physical installation space and airflow channels for the cooling system. A heat pipe array can refer to a collection of heat pipes arranged in a specific spatial pattern, designed to achieve distributed heat transfer and balanced diffusion. An evaporator section can refer to the heat-absorbing area where a heat pipe contacts a heat source, absorbing heat conducted from the equipment casing and inducing a phase change in the working fluid. A heat sink can refer to a concave heat conduction channel machined into the equipment casing to increase the contact area between the heat pipe and the equipment. A condenser section can refer to the cooling area where a heat pipe releases heat, capable of re-liquefying the gaseous working fluid to complete the heat cycle. A finned heat sink can refer to a metal heat sink with an extended surface area, designed to enhance the efficiency of air convection heat transfer. Air inlet louvers may refer to vents with adjustable blades that filter impurities and regulate the amount of air entering. A bidirectional variable-frequency fan may refer to an electric blower with reversible speed, used to achieve positive push or negative pressure suction of airflow within the tower base. A photovoltaic power supply system may refer to a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy, providing clean energy for active heat dissipation components. A temperature sensor may refer to an electronic component that measures the thermal state of an object and is used to collect the real-time temperature of the device surface and the environment. A humidity sensor may refer to a device that detects the water vapor content in the air and is capable of assessing the impact of the environment on heat dissipation efficiency. A wind speed sensor may refer to an instrument that measures airflow velocity and is used to quantify the actual operating conditions of the ventilation system.

[0025] As a specific example, at the base of a 2.5MW wind turbine tower, the heat pipe array features 36 8mm diameter sintered copper heat pipes arranged vertically. The evaporator section is embedded in the converter housing's trapezoidal heat sink with thermal grease, 12mm deep and 20mm apart. The condenser section extends to the top of the tower and connects to an aluminum fin heat sink with 0.3mm thickness and 2.5mm spacing. The intelligent ventilation module's louver opening automatically adjusts between 30° and 90° based on commands from the temperature control center. The two 1.5kW bidirectional fans at the top activate forced exhaust mode when the ambient temperature exceeds 35°C. The photovoltaic system, comprised of 18 320W flexible modules, generates enough power daily to support eight hours of full-load operation of the fans. The temperature control center collects data from 16 temperature monitoring points every 10 seconds. If a local temperature difference exceeds 8°C, it automatically increases the circulating speed of the working fluid in adjacent heat pipes and the fan speed in the corresponding area by 15%.

[0026] The system's beneficial effects are manifested in three dimensions: the honeycomb integration of heat pipes and phase-change materials creates a nonlinear temperature buffer, maintaining system stability under sudden thermal shocks; the synergy between wind and solar power generation and predictive algorithms achieves a dynamic balance between energy independence and heat dissipation requirements; and a self-healing mechanism based on three-dimensional thermal field reconstruction overcomes the limitations of traditional systems where single-point failures can lead to overall failure. These innovations enable the system to maintain equipment temperature stability while significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for unmanned wind farms in remote areas.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the fins of the condensing section of the heat pipe cooling module are filled with a phase change material with a melting point of 58±2°C. The phase change material melts and absorbs heat when the temperature exceeds a set threshold, and solidifies and releases heat when the temperature is lower than the set threshold.

[0028] Among them, phase change material can refer to a functional material with a fixed phase change temperature, which can store and release thermal energy through physical state changes. Fins can refer to an extended surface composed of metal sheets, which is used to increase the contact area between the heat sink and the air. The melting point can refer to the critical temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid, which can serve as a core parameter of the working characteristics of the phase change material. The set threshold can refer to a pre-programmed temperature trigger value, which is used to control the operating condition switching point of the phase change material. Melting can refer to the process by which a solid absorbs heat and turns into a liquid, which can achieve heat storage in a high-temperature environment. Endothermicity can refer to the phenomenon by which a substance obtains heat from the environment, which is used to reduce the temperature of the cooled object. Solidification can refer to the process by which a liquid releases heat and turns into a solid, which can achieve heat release in a low-temperature environment. Exothermicity can refer to the phenomenon by which a substance transfers heat to the environment, which is used to maintain the temperature balance of the system.

[0029] As a specific example, in a 3MW wind turbine, octadecanoic acid, with a melting point of 58.5°C ± 0.3°C, was selected as the phase change material (PCM). This material is incorporated into the 1.2mm-thick honeycomb structure between the condenser fins. When the temperature sensor detects that the fin temperature exceeds 60°C, the material begins to melt, absorbing heat conducted by the heat pipes. When the temperature drops below 56°C, the material resolidifies, releasing the stored heat into the air through the fins. The PCM layers and 0.5mm-thick aluminum fins are staggered, with 3mm spacing between them, forming a composite heat dissipation channel.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in the temporal and spatial distribution of thermal energy through the temperature-adaptive properties of the phase change material. Under high-temperature conditions, it absorbs excess heat to prevent equipment overheating, and under low-temperature conditions, it releases stored heat to maintain system temperature stability. The composite structure of fins and phase change material significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat dissipation surface while reducing fan energy consumption. Precise control of the phase change temperature ensures the cooling system is perfectly matched to the equipment operating conditions, extending the service life of key components.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the fan operation mode of the intelligent ventilation module includes: starting the negative pressure exhaust mode when the temperature control central module detects that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the tower base exceeds 5°C, and switching to the positive pressure supply mode when it detects that the ambient temperature is higher than the internal temperature of the tower base.

[0032] Among them, negative pressure exhaust mode can refer to a state where internal low pressure is created by suction from a fan, which can forcibly expel hot air accumulated inside the tower base. Positive pressure supply mode can refer to a state where internal high pressure is created by pushing from a fan, which is used to actively inject external cold air into the equipment compartment. The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the tower base can refer to the temperature difference between the inside of the support structure and the external environment, which can be used as a basis for determining the heat dissipation requirements. Ambient temperature can refer to the temperature parameter of the space outside the wind turbine generator set, which can reflect the quality of natural cooling conditions. The internal temperature of the tower base can refer to the actual temperature of the enclosed space of the support structure and is used to assess the heat load status of the equipment operation.

[0033] As a specific example, during the implementation of a 4MW offshore wind turbine, when the temperature control center detects that the internal temperature of the tower base reaches 42°C and is 7°C different from the ambient temperature, negative pressure exhaust mode is automatically activated. Two 2.2kW variable-frequency fans operate at 85% power, exhausting hot air through the top duct. When the ambient temperature at sea rises to 38°C (higher than the 36°C inside the tower), the system switches to positive pressure air supply mode. The fans reverse and operate at 60% power, pushing cool sea surface air through the bottom filter and into the tower base. A PID algorithm ensures a smooth transition during this mode switch, preventing airflow disturbances that could affect equipment operation.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in its autonomous optimization of ventilation strategies through intelligent identification of thermal environment characteristics. Negative pressure mode effectively enhances heat convection efficiency under high-temperature conditions, while positive pressure mode prevents the backflow of external hot air and secondary heating. This dual-mode collaboration overcomes the environmental adaptability limitations of traditional single ventilation methods, demonstrating significant temperature regulation advantages, particularly in coastal high-temperature and high-humidity environments. This dynamic switching mechanism ensures efficient heat dissipation while reducing energy consumption, providing a reliable temperature control solution for the unique operating environments of offshore wind power.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the temperature control center module includes an LSTM neural network model. The model receives 16-point data collected by the temperature sensor and weather forecast information, predicts the temperature change trend in the next 2 hours, and adjusts the cooling strategy in advance.

[0036] The LSTM neural network model refers to a recurrent neural network with long-term and short-term memory capabilities, used for predicting and analyzing time series data. Temperature sensor acquisition refers to the process of acquiring temperature values ​​through electronic components, enabling real-time monitoring of environmental parameters. Data from 16 points refers to information from spatially distributed monitoring nodes, used to construct a three-dimensional temperature field distribution model. Weather forecast information refers to regional weather forecast data released by meteorological authorities, which can provide a reference for external environmental trends. The next two hours refers to a short-term forecast window, which can serve as a time benchmark for adjusting cooling strategies. Temperature trend refers to the regular characteristics of temperature parameter evolution over time, used to predict the direction of system heat load development. Cooling strategy refers to a control plan developed based on thermal conditions, which guides the adjustment of cooling system operating parameters.

[0037] As a specific example, during the implementation of a 2.0 MW onshore wind turbine, the LSTM model's input layer receives real-time data from 16 PT100 temperature sensors (sampling frequency 1 Hz) and the meteorological station's three-hour weather forecast. The hidden layer utilizes a three-layer, 128-node network structure. The model, trained using historical operating data, can predict temperature changes in various areas of the tower base 120 minutes in advance with 92% accuracy. If the forecast indicates that the local temperature will exceed 45°C in two hours, the system proactively activates phase change material cooling and enhanced ventilation modes to keep critical equipment temperatures within the safety threshold of 60°C.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in the proactive control of the cooling system achieved through deep learning algorithms, overcoming the lag inherent in traditional passive temperature control. Multi-source data fusion significantly improves the spatiotemporal accuracy of temperature predictions, enabling cooling resource allocation to better meet actual needs. Predictive maintenance strategies effectively mitigate the risk of equipment overheating, demonstrating enhanced adaptability, particularly in extreme weather conditions. The introduction of intelligent algorithms empowers the entire cooling system with continuous self-learning capabilities, providing intelligent assurance for the reliable operation of wind turbines.

[0039] In one possible implementation, when the temperature sensor detects that a group of heat pipes has failed, the temperature control central module automatically increases the heat dissipation weight of adjacent heat pipes and compensates for the loss of heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the speed of the fan.

[0040] Among them, heat pipe failure can refer to a state in which the working fluid circulation within the heat pipe is interrupted or the heat transfer performance is reduced, which can trigger the system protection mechanism. The heat dissipation weight can refer to the load ratio parameter assigned to each heat dissipation unit, which is used to dynamically adjust the heat distribution in different areas. The fan speed can refer to the rotation speed indicator of the cooling fan, which can be used as a direct control variable for adjusting the heat dissipation capacity. The heat dissipation efficiency loss can refer to the deviation between the actual heat dissipation capacity of the system and the design value, which can reflect the degree of equipment performance degradation.

[0041] As a specific example, during the implementation of a data center cooling system, when the infrared temperature sensor detected an abnormally high surface temperature of heat pipe group 3 (exceeding 65°C for 30 seconds), the temperature control center immediately increased the cooling weight of the adjacent heat pipe groups 2 and 4 from the standard value of 30% to 45%, and simultaneously increased the axial fan speed from 1200 rpm to 1800 rpm. The system completed the parameter adjustment via the CAN bus within 500 milliseconds, maintaining the overall cabinet temperature within the safe threshold until maintenance personnel arrived to replace the faulty heat pipe module.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in its intelligent fault-tolerance mechanism, which ensures system reliability in the event of localized cooling failure. The coordinated compensation of adjacent heat pipes effectively prevents thermal runaway. Dynamic weight allocation technology enables precise scheduling of cooling resources, avoiding energy waste caused by overcompensation. The speed-linked adjustment mechanism significantly shortens emergency response time and provides uninterrupted temperature assurance for critical equipment. This adaptive thermal management strategy significantly improves the robustness and maintainability of complex cooling systems.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic power supply system includes flexible photovoltaic panels and supercapacitor energy storage units. The photovoltaic panels are laid on the top curved surface of the tower base, and their output power satisfies the following formula:

[0044] in, is the total output power of the photovoltaic system, is the conversion efficiency of the i-th photovoltaic panel, which is derived from the factory calibration parameters of the photovoltaic panel; is the effective daylighting area of ​​the i-th photovoltaic panel, which is derived from the surface measurement data of the top of the tower base; is the solar irradiance received by the i-th photovoltaic panel, which comes from the light intensity sensor integrated in the temperature control central module; is the ambient temperature, which comes from the temperature sensor; is the real-time wind speed at the j-th wind speed monitoring point, which comes from the wind speed sensor; is the air density, which is calculated based on the air pressure data stored in the temperature control central module; is the fan power coefficient, which comes from the fan performance curve; is the rated power of the fan, which is derived from the technical parameters of the equipment.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the effective heat dissipation capacity of the phase change material is calculated as follows:

[0046] in, is the total heat dissipation capacity of the phase change material, is the latent heat value of the kth group of phase change materials, which comes from the material properties database; is the mass of the kth group of phase change materials, which comes from the assembly record of the heat pipe cooling module; is the operating temperature difference of the kth group of phase change materials, which comes from the historical data of the temperature sensor; is the phase change duration, obtained through the timer of the temperature control central module; is the convection heat transfer coefficient of the lth fin, which is calculated by the wind speed sensor and temperature sensor; is the effective area of ​​the lth heat sink fin, which comes from the structural design drawing; and are the highest and lowest operating temperatures recorded by the temperature sensor respectively; It is the heat dissipation cycle, which is obtained through the operation log statistics of the temperature control central module.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the heat pipe array is arranged in a radial non-uniform manner, with a denser arrangement in the high-temperature hot spot area of ​​the heating equipment, and the distance between adjacent heat pipes does not exceed 15 cm.

[0048] Among them, the heat pipe array can refer to a combination of multiple heat pipes arranged in a specific pattern, which is used to achieve efficient heat dissipation over a large area. The radial non-uniform arrangement can refer to a differentiated arrangement radiating outward from the center, which can optimize the distribution of heat flow paths. The high-temperature hot spot area can refer to a local location where the surface temperature of the equipment is significantly higher, which can be used as a key area for heat dissipation enhancement. The dense arrangement can refer to increasing the number of heat pipes per unit area in a specific area to increase the local heat dissipation density. The spacing between adjacent heat pipes can refer to the center distance parameter between parallel heat pipes, which can reflect the layout density of the heat dissipation unit.

[0049] As a specific example: In the 5G base station AAU equipment cooling system, for the 92°C high temperature zone generated by the power amplifier chip, a 12-pipe array radiating outward from the chip is used. The spacing between the heat pipes in the high temperature zone is controlled at 10cm to form a dense zone, and the outer area is gradually relaxed to a standard spacing of 15cm. Through this gradual arrangement, the heat flux density in the chip area is increased from 15W / cm 2 Reduced to 8W / cm 2 At the same time, the overall radiator weight is reduced by about 20% compared with the uniform layout solution.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in the significant improvement in heat transfer efficiency through a biomimetic radial layout, and the non-uniform arrangement achieves a precise match between heat dissipation resources and heat loads. The dense design of hotspot areas effectively overcomes the local overheating bottleneck of traditional cooling solutions, and the spacing control technology balances heat dissipation performance and material costs. This intelligent heat pipe arrangement is particularly suitable for electronic devices with significant thermal gradients, providing a new solution for the reliability design of high-power density devices.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the air inlet louvers are equipped with an electrostatic electret filter, which is automatically cleaned every quarter by the reverse airflow of the fan.

[0052] Among them, air inlet louvers can refer to airflow channel structures with adjustable blades that can control the amount and direction of air intake. Electrostatic electret filters can refer to charged filter materials that have undergone polarization treatment and are used to absorb micron-sized particles. Reverse airflow can refer to airflow movement in the opposite direction of normal operating flow, which can remove dust accumulated on the filter surface. Automatic dust cleaning can refer to a cleaning process that does not require human intervention and is used to maintain the continued effectiveness of the filtration system.

[0053] As a specific example, in a data center's fresh air system, an electrostatic electret filter installed at a 45-degree angle is coupled with a programmable shutter. When a differential pressure sensor detects that the filter resistance reaches 120 Pa, the system automatically initiates monthly maintenance mode. The shutter closes to 15 degrees, and the centrifugal fan switches to reverse at 1800 rpm for 90 seconds, allowing accumulated dust to fall off the filter surface and into the dust collection box below. This completes the filter regeneration process without any downtime.

[0054] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in the electrostatic charging technology, which significantly improves the filter's capture efficiency of fine particles. The intelligent cleaning mechanism effectively solves the maintenance difficulties of traditional filters. The reverse airflow cleaning method avoids damage to the filter media caused by physical contact, significantly extending the filter's service life. The automated cleaning process ensures that the system is always in optimal working condition, making it particularly suitable for industrial environments with stringent air cleanliness requirements. This self-maintaining design provides reliable protection for the continued stable operation of critical facilities.

[0055] In one possible implementation, when the temperature control central module detects that the ambient wind speed exceeds 5m / s for 5 minutes, it automatically turns off the fan and switches to pure heat pipe passive cooling mode.

[0056] Ambient wind speed refers to the speed of air flowing around the device, which is used to determine the quality of natural cooling conditions. Pure heat pipe passive cooling mode refers to a cooling method that relies solely on heat pipe phase change heat transfer without forced convection, achieving zero-power cooling.

[0057] As a specific example, in an outdoor communications base station, when a wind speed sensor detects an easterly wind speed of 5.2 m / s for five consecutive minutes, the temperature control center immediately sends a shutdown command, shutting down the two axial fans and activating the heat pipe array at full power. The system maintains this state until the wind speed drops below 3 m / s for 10 minutes, during which time the 12 radially arranged heat pipes maintain the internal temperature within the permitted range.

[0058] The beneficial effects of this solution are reflected in its intelligent wind speed response mechanism, which fully utilizes environmental conditions to achieve energy savings and consumption reduction, while seamless dual-mode switching ensures the reliability of the cooling system. The activation of passive cooling mode significantly reduces equipment operating noise, making it particularly suitable for applications sensitive to acoustic environments. This adaptive cooling strategy based on environmental parameters significantly improves the equipment's adaptability to changing climate conditions, providing technical support for the construction of green communication base stations.

[0059] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of this specification are not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the embodiments of this specification, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of this specification.

[0060] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0061] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate this specification. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of the embodiments of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments of this specification, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize this specification. This specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A wind turbine tower base composite cooling system, characterized in that: include: Heat pipe cooling module, intelligent ventilation module and temperature control center module; The heat pipe heat dissipation module is composed of a heat pipe array arranged vertically on the inner wall of the tower base. The heat pipe evaporation section of the heat pipe array is embedded in the heat dissipation groove of the heat-generating device shell, and the condensation section extends to the finned heat sink on the top of the tower base. The intelligent ventilation module includes an air inlet louver provided at the bottom of the tower base and a bidirectional variable frequency fan installed at the top, and the fan is driven by a photovoltaic power supply system; The temperature control central module integrates a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a wind speed sensor, and dynamically adjusts the working states of the heat pipe heat dissipation module and the intelligent ventilation module by analyzing sensor data.

2. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fins of the condensing section of the heat pipe heat dissipation module are filled with a phase change material with a melting point of 58±2°C. The phase change material melts and absorbs heat when the temperature exceeds a set threshold, and solidifies and releases heat when the temperature is lower than the set threshold.

3. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan operation mode of the intelligent ventilation module includes: starting the negative pressure exhaust mode when the temperature control central module detects that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the tower base exceeds 5°C, and switching to the positive pressure air supply mode when it detects that the ambient temperature is higher than the internal temperature of the tower base.

4. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature control central module includes an LSTM neural network model, which receives 16 point data and weather forecast information collected by the temperature sensor, predicts the temperature change trend in the next 2 hours and adjusts the heat dissipation strategy in advance.

5. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the temperature sensor detects that a group of heat pipes has failed, the temperature control central module automatically increases the heat dissipation weight of adjacent heat pipes and compensates for the loss of heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the rotation speed of the fan.

6. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power supply system includes a flexible photovoltaic panel and a supercapacitor energy storage unit. The photovoltaic panel is laid on the top curved surface of the tower base, and its output power satisfies the following formula: in, is the total output power of the photovoltaic system, is the conversion efficiency of the i-th photovoltaic panel; is the effective lighting area of ​​the i-th photovoltaic panel; is the solar irradiance received by the i-th photovoltaic panel; is the ambient temperature, which comes from the temperature sensor; is the real-time wind speed at the j-th wind speed monitoring point; is the air density; is the fan power coefficient; is the rated power of the fan.

7. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the effective heat dissipation capacity of the phase change material is: in, is the total heat dissipation capacity of the phase change material, is the latent heat value of the kth group of phase change materials; is the mass of the kth group of phase change materials; is the operating temperature difference of the kth group of phase change materials; is the phase change duration; is the convection heat transfer coefficient of the lth heat sink; is the effective area of ​​the lth heat sink; and are the highest and lowest operating temperatures recorded by the temperature sensor respectively; For the cooling cycle.

8. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat pipe array is arranged in a radial non-uniform manner and is densely arranged in the hot spot area of ​​the heat-generating device, with the distance between adjacent heat pipes not exceeding 15 cm.

9. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air inlet louvers are equipped with an electrostatic electret filter, which is automatically cleaned by the reverse airflow of the fan every quarter.

10. The wind turbine tower base composite cooling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the temperature control central module detects that the ambient wind speed exceeds 5m / s for 5 minutes, it automatically turns off the fan and switches to the pure heat pipe passive cooling mode.

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