Expansion type boiler waste heat recovery system

Abstract

The invention relates to an expansion type boiler waste heat recovery system, and relates to the technical field of boiler waste heat recovery, the expansion type boiler waste heat recovery system comprises a multi-stage dust removal module, a flue gas desulfurization module, a heat exchanger module and a waste heat recovery assembly, the multi-stage dust removal module comprises an inner stainless steel pipe, and one end of the inner stainless steel pipe is fixedly connected with a flue gas inlet pipe through a flange. By arranging the inner stainless steel pipe, the outer stainless steel pipe and the aerogel layer between the inner stainless steel pipe and the outer stainless steel pipe and cooperating with the heat preservation layer in the fine filtering box, a multi-layer heat preservation structure is formed, heat loss of flue gas in the dust removal process is effectively reduced, and the flue gas temperature is guaranteed; meanwhile, a ceramic fiber layer in the Venturi pipeline and a heat preservation cotton layer on the inner side of the stainless steel sleeve can further isolate heat, it is ensured that flue gas is kept at a high temperature in the dust removal, desulfurization and heat exchange processes, good conditions are created for follow-up waste heat recovery, the waste heat recovery efficiency is improved, and the situation that the follow-up technological process is affected due to the too low temperature is avoided; and the equipment operation cost and energy consumption are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of boiler waste heat recovery, and in particular to an expandable boiler waste heat recovery system. Background Art

[0002] Boilers, as crucial thermal equipment, generate high-temperature flue gas, which contains a significant amount of waste heat. Effectively recovering and utilizing this waste heat not only improves energy efficiency and reduces production costs, but also plays a crucial role in energy conservation, emission reduction, and the promotion of sustainable development. Existing boiler waste heat recovery systems typically filter and desulfurize the flue gas before utilizing heat exchangers and other equipment to recover the heat. In recent years, with the advancement of energy conservation and emission reduction policies, waste heat recovery technology has become a research hotspot.

[0003] However, traditional boiler waste heat recovery systems generally have a significant problem when filtering and desulfurizing flue gas. During the operation of the filtering device and desulfurization equipment, the flue gas contacts and exchanges heat with the filter medium, desulfurizer, etc. At this time, the flue gas treatment process also involves operations such as spraying and blowing. These links can easily lead to a significant loss of flue gas temperature. This method causes the flue gas heat to drop sharply, not only significantly reducing the subsequent waste heat recovery efficiency and making it difficult to fully realize the waste heat recovery value, but also the normal operation of the subsequent process flow may be affected due to the low temperature, increasing the equipment operating cost and energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. Technical problems solved The purpose of this application is to provide an expandable boiler waste heat recovery system to solve the problem that the flue gas heat is lost significantly during the operation of the filtering device and the desulfurization equipment, resulting in a sharp drop in the flue gas thermometer.

[0005] The present application provides an expandable boiler waste heat recovery system that adopts the following technical solution: it includes a multi-stage dust removal module, a flue gas desulfurization module, a heat exchanger module, and a waste heat recovery component. The multi-stage dust removal module includes an inner stainless steel tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe via a flange, an aerogel layer fixedly connected to the outer side of the inner stainless steel tube, and an outer stainless steel tube fixedly connected to the outer side of the aerogel layer. A fine filter box is provided at the other end of the inner stainless steel tube, an insulation layer is provided inside the fine filter box, and a heat energy utilization device is provided on the outer side of the heat exchanger module. The flue gas desulfurization module includes a Venturi pipe, which consists of an air inlet section, a tapered section and an outward expansion section. The inner side of the Venturi pipe is coated with a ceramic fiber layer. The outer side of the Venturi pipe is fixedly connected to a storage box. A powder conveying pump is fixedly installed on the upper side of the storage box. The interior of the storage box is filled with a composite desulfurizer, which is a mixture of nano zinc oxide and activated carbon dry powder. An annular pipe is fixedly installed on the inner side of the outward expansion section, and the output end of the powder conveying pump is connected to the inner side of the annular pipe. A plurality of dry powder injectors in a circumferential array are fixedly installed on the outer side of the annular pipe. A heat conduction plate is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the storage box, and a plurality of equidistantly arranged heat conduction fins are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the heat conduction plate. The heat exchanger module includes a stainless steel casing, the inner side of which is filled with a thermal insulation cotton layer, a flue pipe fixedly installed on the inner side of the stainless steel casing, a heat absorption pipe fixedly installed on the inner side of the stainless steel casing, a flow guide pipe fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat absorption pipe, one end of the flue pipe fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe, the end of the smoke outlet pipe away from the flue pipe fixedly connected to a fan, and a smoke exhaust main pipe fixedly installed on the air outlet of the fan; The waste heat recovery assembly includes an oil storage tank, the interior of the oil storage tank is filled with heat-conducting oil, a circulation pump is fixedly installed on the outside of the oil storage tank, the output end of the circulation pump is fixedly connected to an output pipe, the output pipe passes through the outside of the stainless steel casing and is connected to the inner wall of the guide pipe, a recovery pipe is fixedly installed on the other side of the guide pipe, one section of the recovery pipe is fixedly installed on the inner side of the heat energy utilization equipment, the other section of the recovery pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat-conducting fin, and the end of the recovery pipe away from the guide pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the oil storage tank; By adopting the above technical solution, an inner stainless steel tube, an outer stainless steel tube and an aerogel layer therebetween are arranged, and the insulation layer inside the fine filter box is cooperated to form a multi-layer insulation structure, which effectively reduces the heat loss of the flue gas during the dust removal process, ensures the flue gas temperature, and thus improves the subsequent waste heat recovery efficiency. At the same time, a ceramic fiber layer is applied to the inside of the Venturi pipe, which can play a role of thermal insulation and reduce the heat loss of the flue gas during the desulfurization process. Then, the storage box, powder conveying pump, annular pipe and dry powder injector together form a desulfurizer conveying system, which can evenly spray the composite desulfurizer mixed with nano zinc oxide and activated carbon dry powder, fully contact with the flue gas to achieve high-temperature desulfurization, and further reduce the loss of flue gas temperature. At the same time, the heat conduction plate and heat conduction fins can use waste heat to preheat the composite desulfurizer, thereby reducing heat loss and improving energy utilization while ensuring the desulfurization effect.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of first spiral guide plates in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted on the inner side of the inner stainless steel tube, a raised section is provided inside the inner stainless steel tube, and the raised section is arranged in an outwardly convex structure. The outer shapes of the aerogel layer and the outer stainless steel tube at the position of the raised section are adapted to the outer shape structure of the raised section. A collection box is inserted into the inner side of the raised section, and the collection box is fixedly connected to the outer stainless steel tube by bolts; By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the above-mentioned first spiral guide plate can accelerate the flow of flue gas and make the flue gas flow in a spiral shape in the pipe. Therefore, when the flue gas flows into the raised section in a spiral shape, large and medium-sized impurities are thrown into the interior of the raised section under its centrifugal action, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency. Afterwards, with the cooperation of the collection box, it is convenient to collect impurities in the flue gas and reduce the burden of subsequent filtration.

[0007] Preferably, two symmetrical mounting seats are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fine filter box, a cleaning assembly is provided on the inner side of the fine filter box, fine filter plates are plugged into the inner sides of the two mounting seats, and the smoke outlet of the fine filter box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the venturi pipe through a pipe; By adopting the above technical solution, the above mounting seat cooperates with the fine filter plate to achieve fine filtration of the flue gas and rapid disassembly and assembly of the fine filter plate, thereby improving the practicality of the equipment. The setting of the cleaning component can automatically clean impurities on the surface of the fine filter plate, ensure the filtering effect, extend the service life of the fine filter plate, reduce manual maintenance costs, and improve the flue gas filtration quality and the stability of the system operation.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes two symmetrical frames, the outer sides of the two frames are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the fine filter box, the inner side of one of the frames is rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw rod, the outer side of the fine filter box is fixedly inlaid with a servo motor, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw rod, a rotating shaft is provided between the two frames, a cleaning wire is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to moving blocks; By adopting the above technical solution, the servo motor drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, drives the moving block to move, and drives the rotating shaft to move synchronously, thereby performing all-round and efficient cleaning of the fine filter plate with a high degree of automation, thereby realizing automatic cleaning of the fine filter plate.

[0009] Preferably, the inner side of the other frame is fixedly connected to a guide rod, the inner side of one of the moving blocks is threadedly connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw, and the inner side of the other moving block is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rod, the inner sides of the two frames are fixedly connected to racks, and the outer sides of both ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to gears, and the gears and the racks are meshed; By adopting the above technical solution, the gear and the rack are engaged to rotate the rotating shaft. At this time, the cleaning wire can be lifted and lowered while rotating, thereby further improving the cleaning effect of the fine filter plate.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of second spiral guide plates in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the inner side of the tapered section, a base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the venturi pipe, an inner wall of the base is connected to the inner wall of the venturi pipe, and a collecting drawer is slidably connected to the inner side of the base; By adopting the above technical solution, the above second spiral guide plate can make the flue gas flow in a spiral in the Venturi pipe, prolong the contact time between the flue gas and the composite desulfurizer, and improve the desulfurization efficiency. At the same time, the base and the collection drawer can collect impurities generated during the desulfurization process, which is convenient for cleaning and improves the practicality of the system.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the stainless steel sleeve, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inner wall of the flue pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inner wall of the venturi pipe; By adopting the above technical solution, the above connecting pipe realizes the connection between the Venturi pipe and the flue pipe, ensuring that the flue gas smoothly enters the heat exchanger module for heat exchange.

[0012] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the outside of the stainless steel casing, a controller is fixedly installed on the outside of the support frame, and the controller is electrically connected to the wind turbine; By adopting the above technical solution, the above controller improves the stability and controllability of the system, facilitates the control of the fan, and thus adjusts the flue gas flow.

[0013] Preferably, the flue pipe is arranged in a spiral shape, one side of the guide pipe is arranged in an open shape, the open side of the guide pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat absorption pipe, and the guide pipe is arranged in a spiral shape on the inner side of the heat absorption pipe; By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral arrangement of the flue pipe and the guide pipe increases the heat exchange area, allowing the flue gas and the heat transfer oil to fully exchange heat, thereby improving the waste heat recovery efficiency. In addition, the connection between the opening of the guide pipe and the heat absorption pipe ensures efficient heat exchange between the heat transfer oil and the flue gas, realizes efficient heat transfer, and improves the waste heat recovery effect.

[0014] Preferably, the portion of the recovery pipe located inside the heat-conducting fin is U-shaped; By adopting the above technical solution, the recovery pipe is arranged in a U shape on the inner side of the heat-conducting fin, which increases the contact area with the heat-conducting fin, improves the heat transfer efficiency, enables the waste heat to be more fully utilized, further optimizes the waste heat recovery process, and improves energy utilization.

[0015] 2. Beneficial effects In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention provides an expandable boiler waste heat recovery system. By arranging an inner stainless steel pipe, an outer stainless steel pipe, and an aerogel layer therebetween, and cooperating with the insulation layer inside the fine filter box, a multi-layer insulation structure is formed, which effectively reduces the heat loss of the flue gas during the dust removal process and ensures the flue gas temperature. At the same time, the ceramic fiber layer inside the Venturi pipe and the insulation cotton layer inside the stainless steel casing can further isolate the heat, ensuring that the flue gas maintains a high temperature during the dust removal, desulfurization and heat exchange processes, creating good conditions for subsequent waste heat recovery, improving the waste heat recovery efficiency, avoiding the impact of low temperature on subsequent process flow, and reducing equipment operating costs and energy consumption.

[0016] 2. The present invention provides an expandable boiler waste heat recovery system, which evenly sprays the composite desulfurizer inside the Venturi pipe through the coordinated action of a storage box, a powder delivery pump, an annular pipe and a dry powder injector. At the same time, the flue gas is guided by the second spiral guide plate to flow in a spiral shape, so that the flue gas is fully in contact with the composite desulfurizer, thereby improving the desulfurization efficiency. The waste heat generated by the recovery pipe is transferred to the preheated composite desulfurizer through the heat conduction plate and the heat conduction fins, thereby realizing the secondary utilization of heat and reducing the temperature loss during flue gas desulfurization. Afterwards, in the waste heat recovery component, the circulation system composed of the oil storage tank, the circulation pump, etc., efficiently exchanges heat through the spiral flue pipe and the guide pipe, and transports the heat to the heat energy utilization equipment for secondary utilization, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization of desulfurization and waste heat recovery and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides an expandable boiler waste heat recovery system. By setting up a fine filter box, the flue gas after centrifugal screening can be subjected to secondary fine filtration to ensure the purity of the flue gas. Afterwards, the servo motor in the cleaning component drives the reciprocating screw to drive the rotating shaft to move up and down, and at the same time drives the cleaning wire to automatically clean the fine filter plate, reducing manual maintenance. At the same time, the rotating shaft can automatically rotate under the engagement of the gear and the rack, thereby driving the cleaning wire to rotate, further improving the cleaning effect and ensuring the filtering performance of the fine filter plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the multi-stage dust removal module of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flue gas desulfurization module of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat exchanger module of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waste heat recovery component of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat conducting plate, heat conducting fins and recovery pipe of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Multi-stage dust removal module; 101. Inner stainless steel tube; 102. Aerogel layer; 103. Outer stainless steel tube; 104. First spiral guide plate; 105. Raised section; 106. Collection box; 107. Fine filter box; 108. Insulation layer; 109. Cleaning assembly; 1091. Frame; 1092. Reciprocating screw; 1093. Servo motor; 1094. Moving block; 1095. Rotating shaft; 1096. Cleaning wire; 1097. Gear; 1098. Rack; 1099. Guide rod; 110. Fine filter plate; 111. Mounting seat; 2. Flue gas desulfurization module; 201. Venturi pipe; 202. Inlet section; 203. Gradual section; 204. Expanding section; 2 05. Second spiral guide plate; 206. Ceramic fiber layer; 207. Storage box; 208. Powder conveying pump; 209. Annular pipe; 210. Dry powder injector; 211. Heat transfer plate; 212. Heat transfer fins; 213. Base; 214. Collecting drawer; 3. Heat exchanger module; 301. Stainless steel casing; 302. Insulation cotton layer; 303. Flue pipe; 304. Heat absorption pipe; 305. Guide pipe; 306. Smoke outlet pipe; 307. Connecting pipe; 4. Fan; 5. Smoke exhaust main pipe; 6. Smoke inlet pipe; 7. Heat energy utilization equipment; 8. Waste heat recovery component; 801. Oil storage tank; 802. Circulation pump; 803. Output pipe; 804. Recovery pipe; 9. Support frame; 10. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 7 , further details of this application are given.

[0021] Example 1: An expansion type boiler waste heat recovery system, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a multi-stage dust removal module 1, a flue gas desulfurization module 2, a heat exchanger module 3 and a waste heat recovery component 8, the multi-stage dust removal module 1 includes an inner stainless steel tube 101, one end of the inner stainless steel tube 101 is fixedly connected to the smoke inlet pipe 6 through a flange, the outer side of the inner stainless steel tube 101 is fixedly connected to an aerogel layer 102, and the outer side of the aerogel layer 102 is fixedly connected to an outer stainless steel tube 103. By arranging the inner stainless steel tube 101, the outer stainless steel tube 103 and the aerogel layer 102 therebetween, and cooperating with the insulation layer 108 inside the fine filter box 107, a multi-layer insulation structure is formed, which effectively reduces the heat loss of the flue gas during the dust removal process, ensures the flue gas temperature, and is not A fine filter box 107 is provided at the other end of the stainless steel pipe 101, and an insulation layer 108 is provided inside the fine filter box 107. A heat energy utilization device 7 is provided on the outside of the heat exchanger module 3. A plurality of first spiral guide plates 104 in a circumferential array are fixedly installed on the inner side of the inner stainless steel pipe 101. A raised section 105 is provided inside the inner stainless steel pipe 101, and the raised section 105 is arranged in an outward convex structure. The outer shapes of the aerogel layer 102 and the outer stainless steel pipe 103 at the position of the raised section 105 are adapted to the outer shape structure of the raised section 105. A collection box 106 is inserted into the inner side of the raised section 105, and the collection box 106 is fixedly connected to the outer stainless steel pipe 103 by bolts. The above-mentioned first spiral guide plate 104 can accelerate the flow of flue gas and make the flue gas flow in a spiral shape in the pipe. Therefore, when the flue gas flows into the raised section 105 in a spiral shape, large and medium-sized impurities are thrown into the interior of the raised section 105 under its centrifugal action, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency. Thereafter, with the cooperation of the collection box 106, it is convenient to collect impurities in the flue gas and reduce the burden of subsequent filtration.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4The flue gas desulfurization module 2 includes a venturi pipe 201, which consists of an air inlet section 202, a tapered section 203 and an expansion section 204. The inner side of the venturi pipe 201 is coated with a ceramic fiber layer 206. The outer side of the venturi pipe 201 is fixedly connected to a storage box 207. A powder delivery pump 208 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the storage box 207. The interior of the storage box 207 is filled with a composite desulfurizer, which is a mixture of nano zinc oxide and activated carbon powder. An annular pipe 209 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the expansion section 204. The output end of the powder delivery pump 208 is connected to the inner side of the annular pipe 209. A plurality of dry powder injectors 210 in a circumferential array are fixedly installed on the outer side of the annular pipe 209. A heat conducting plate 211 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the storage box 207. The bottom surface of the heat conducting plate 211 A plurality of equidistantly arranged heat-conducting fins 212 are fixedly connected thereto. The material of the above-mentioned storage box 207 is a heat-conducting material, which can conduct the heat of the heat-conducting plate 211, thereby preheating the composite desulfurizer inside the storage box 207. A plurality of second spiral guide plates 205 in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the inner side of the tapered section 203. A base 213 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the venturi pipe 201. The inner wall of the base 213 is connected to the inner wall of the venturi pipe 201. A collecting drawer 214 is slidably connected to the inner side of the base 213. The above-mentioned second spiral guide plate 205 can make the flue gas flow in a spiral in the venturi pipe 201, thereby prolonging the contact time between the flue gas and the composite desulfurizer and improving the desulfurization efficiency. At the same time, the base 213 and the collecting drawer 214 can collect impurities generated during the desulfurization process, which is convenient for cleaning and improves the practicality of the system.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The heat exchanger module 3 includes a stainless steel casing 301. The inner side of the stainless steel casing 301 is filled with a heat-insulating cotton layer 302. The heat-insulating cotton layer 302 inside the stainless steel casing 301 can further isolate the heat and ensure that the flue gas maintains a high temperature during the heat exchange process. A flue pipe 303 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the stainless steel casing 301. A heat-absorbing pipe 304 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the stainless steel casing 301. The inner side of the heat-absorbing pipe 304 is fixedly connected to a guide pipe 305. One end of the flue pipe 303 is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe 306. The heat generated by the flue pipe 303 can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing pipe 304. Rapid conversion enables rapid heat exchange with the internal draft tube 305 to achieve waste heat recovery of the flue gas. The end of the smoke outlet pipe 306 away from the flue pipe 303 is fixedly connected to the fan 4, and the air outlet of the fan 4 is fixedly installed with the smoke exhaust main pipe 5. The inner side of the stainless steel casing 301 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 307, one end of the connecting pipe 307 is connected to the inner wall of the flue pipe 303, and the other end of the connecting pipe 307 is connected to the inner wall of the Venturi pipe 201. The above-mentioned connecting pipe 307 realizes the connection between the Venturi pipe 201 and the flue pipe 303, ensuring that the flue gas smoothly enters the heat exchanger module 3 for heat exchange.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 The waste heat recovery component 8 includes an oil storage tank 801, the interior of the oil storage tank 801 is filled with heat transfer oil material, a circulation pump 802 is fixedly installed on the outside of the oil storage tank 801, and the output end of the circulation pump 802 is fixedly connected to an output pipe 803, the output pipe 803 passes through the outside of the stainless steel casing 301 and is connected to the inner wall of the guide pipe 305, and a recovery pipe 804 is fixedly installed on the other side of the guide pipe 305, one section of the recovery pipe 804 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the heat energy utilization device 7, and the other section of the recovery pipe 804 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat transfer fin 212 The end of the recovery pipe 804 away from the guide pipe 305 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the oil storage tank 801. The above-mentioned circulation pump 802 pumps the heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank 801 into the guide pipe 305 through the output pipe 803. The guide pipe 305 is connected to the heat absorption pipe 304, so that the heat transfer oil is fully in contact with the heat absorption pipe 304 that absorbs the heat of the flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas transfers heat to the heat transfer oil. The heated heat transfer oil is transported to the heat energy utilization equipment 7 through the recovery pipe 804. After completing the secondary utilization of heat, it returns to the oil storage tank 801 to form a cycle, thereby improving the practicality of the waste heat recovery system.

[0025] Example 2: An expansion type boiler waste heat recovery system, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Two symmetrical mounting seats 111 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fine filter box 107, and a cleaning component 109 is provided on the inner side of the fine filter box 107. Fine filter plates 110 are plugged into the inner sides of the two mounting seats 111. The smoke outlet of the fine filter box 107 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the venturi pipe 201 through a pipe. The above-mentioned mounting seats 111 cooperate with the fine filter plates 110 to achieve fine filtration of the flue gas and realize rapid disassembly and assembly of the fine filter plates 110, thereby improving the practicality of the equipment. Afterwards, the setting of the cleaning component 109 can automatically clean impurities on the surface of the fine filter plates 110, ensure the filtering effect, extend the service life of the fine filter plates 110, reduce manual maintenance costs, and improve the flue gas filtration quality and the stability of the system operation.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The cleaning assembly 109 includes two symmetrical frames 1091. The outer sides of the two frames 1091 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fine filter box 107. The inner side of one of the frames 1091 is rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw rod 1092. A servo motor 1093 is fixedly embedded on the outer side of the fine filter box 107, and the output end of the servo motor 1093 is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw rod 1092. A rotating shaft 1095 is provided between the two frames 1091. A cleaning wire 1096 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 1095. Both ends of the rotating shaft 1095 are rotatably connected to a moving block 1094. The servo motor 1093 drives the reciprocating screw rod 1092 to rotate, drives the moving block 1094 to move, and drives the rotating shaft 1095 to move synchronously, thereby 10 performs all-round and efficient cleaning with a high degree of automation, realizing automatic cleaning of the fine filter plate 110, the inner side of the other frame 1091 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 1099, the inner side of one moving block 1094 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw rod 1092, and the inner side of the other moving block 1094 is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rod 1099, the inner sides of the two frames 1091 are fixedly connected to a rack 1098, the outer sides of both ends of the rotating shaft 1095 are fixedly connected to a gear 1097, the gear 1097 and the rack 1098 are meshed, and the above-mentioned gear 1097 is engaged with the rack 1098 to rotate the rotating shaft 1095, and at this time the cleaning wire 1096 can be lifted and lowered while rotating, thereby further improving the cleaning effect of the fine filter plate 110.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 The outside of the stainless steel casing 301 is fixedly connected to a support frame 9, and a controller 10 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support frame 9. The controller 10 is electrically connected to the fan 4. The controller 10 improves the stability and controllability of the system and is convenient for controlling the fan 4, thereby adjusting the flue gas flow. The flue pipe 303 is spirally arranged, and one side of the guide pipe 305 is open. The open side of the guide pipe 305 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat absorption pipe 304. The guide pipe 305 is at the heat absorption pipe 304. The inner side is spirally arranged. The spiral arrangement of the flue pipe 303 and the guide pipe 305 increases the heat exchange area, enables the flue gas and the heat transfer oil to fully exchange heat, and improves the waste heat recovery efficiency. The opening of the guide pipe 305 is connected to the heat absorption pipe 304 to ensure efficient heat exchange between the heat transfer oil and the flue gas, realizes efficient heat transfer, and improves the waste heat recovery effect. The part of the recovery pipe 804 located on the inner side of the heat transfer fin 212 is U-shaped. The above-mentioned recovery pipe 804 is U-shaped on the inner side of the heat transfer fin 212, which increases the contact area with the heat transfer fin 212, improves the heat transfer efficiency, and enables the waste heat to be more fully utilized, further optimizes the waste heat recovery process, and improves energy utilization.

[0028] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the flue gas of the boiler passes through the smoke inlet pipe 6 and enters the multi-stage dust removal module 1, the flue gas flows in a spiral shape under the guidance of the first spiral guide plate 104. While accelerating the forward movement of the flue gas, the centrifugal force is used to throw large and medium-sized impurities to the inner wall of the pipe. At this time, when the flue gas spirally flows into the raised section 105, the centrifugal effect is further enhanced, and the impurities are thrown into the interior of the raised section 105 and fall into the collection box 106 below to complete preliminary separation. Afterwards, the flue gas after preliminary dust removal continues to move forward and enters the fine filter box 107. The fine filter plate 110 in the box performs deep dust removal on the flue gas. The servo motor 1093 drives the reciprocating screw 1092 to rotate, and the moving block 1094 threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw 1092 moves back and forth along its axis. The other moving block 1094 slides on the guide rod 1099 to ensure the stability of the movement. Then the gears 1097 at both ends of the rotating shaft 1095 engage with the rack 1098 on the inside of the frame 1091, so that the rotating shaft 1095 rotates at the same time during the movement. At this time, the cleaning wire 1096 cleans the surface of the fine filter plate 110 to prevent dust from clogging the filter holes. Then, the dust-removed flue gas enters the Venturi pipe 201 in the flue gas desulfurization module 2. At this time, the flue gas flows into the air inlet section 202 and accelerates in the tapered section 203. At this time, the second spiral guide plate 205 guides the flue gas to advance in a spiral shape at high speed, extending the residence time in the pipe. At the same time, the composite desulfurizer mixed with nano zinc oxide and activated carbon powder in the storage box 207 is pressurized by the powder delivery pump 208 and delivered to the annular pipe 209. After that, the dry powder injector 210 sprays it evenly. At this time, the composite desulfurizer The composite desulfurizer is in full contact with the spirally flowing flue gas, and high-temperature desulfurization is efficiently completed. At this time, the impurities generated by the reaction fall into the collecting drawer 214 inside the base 213 at the bottom of the Venturi pipe 201 under the action of gravity for centralized collection. At this time, the ceramic fiber layer 206 on the inside of the Venturi pipe 201 reduces heat loss, and the heat conducting plate 211 and the heat conducting fins 212 at the bottom use the waste heat generated by the recovery pipe 804 to transfer heat to the composite desulfurizer for preheating, thereby reducing temperature loss during flue gas desulfurization.The desulfurized flue gas enters the heat exchanger module 3 through the connecting pipe 307. At this time, the thermal insulation cotton layer 302 inside the stainless steel casing 301 isolates the heat from leaking out. At the same time, the spiral flue pipe 303 extends the flue gas flow path. At this time, the circulating pump 802 pumps the heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank 801 into the guide pipe 305 through the output pipe 803. At this time, the guide pipe 305 is also spiral, and the opening of the guide pipe 305 is connected to the heat absorption pipe 304, so that the heat transfer oil is fully in contact with the heat absorption pipe 304 that absorbs the heat of the flue gas. At this time, the high-temperature flue gas will The heat is transferred to the heat transfer oil. The heated heat transfer oil is first transported to the heat energy utilization equipment 7 through the recovery pipe 804 to provide a heat source for other processes. The remaining waste heat is then preheated by the heat transfer fins 212 and the heat transfer plates 211 to preheat the composite desulfurizer. After the heat is secondary utilized, it flows back to the oil storage tank 801 to form a waste heat cycle. Finally, the fan 4 discharges the low-temperature flue gas that has completed the heat exchange through the smoke exhaust main pipe 5 through the smoke outlet pipe 306. The operator can adjust the speed of the fan 4 through the controller 10 to accurately control the flue gas flow rate and ensure stable and efficient operation of the system.

[0029] The examples of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An expandable boiler waste heat recovery system, comprising a multi-stage dust removal module (1), a flue gas desulfurization module (2), a heat exchanger module (3) and a waste heat recovery component (8), characterized in that: The multi-stage dust removal module (1) comprises an inner stainless steel tube (101), one end of the inner stainless steel tube (101) is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe (6) via a flange, the outer side of the inner stainless steel tube (101) is fixedly connected to an aerogel layer (102), the outer side of the aerogel layer (102) is fixedly connected to an outer stainless steel tube (103), the other end of the inner stainless steel tube (101) is provided with a fine filter box (107), a heat insulation layer (108) is provided inside the fine filter box (107), and a heat energy utilization device (7) is provided on the outer side of the heat exchanger module (3); The flue gas desulfurization module (2) includes a venturi pipe (201), the venturi pipe (201) is composed of an air inlet section (202), a tapered section (203) and an outward expansion section (204), the inner side of the venturi pipe (201) is coated with a ceramic fiber layer (206), the outer side of the venturi pipe (201) is fixedly connected to a storage box (207), the upper side of the storage box (207) is fixedly installed with a powder delivery pump (208), the interior of the storage box (207) is filled with a composite desulfurizer, and the composite desulfurizer The sulfur agent is a mixture of nano zinc oxide and activated carbon powder. An annular pipe (209) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the expansion section (204). The output end of the powder delivery pump (208) is connected to the inner side of the annular pipe (209). A plurality of dry powder injectors (210) in a circumferential array are fixedly installed on the outer side of the annular pipe (209). A heat conducting plate (211) is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the storage box (207). A plurality of heat conducting fins (212) arranged at equal intervals are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the heat conducting plate (211). The heat exchanger module (3) comprises a stainless steel casing (301), the inner side of the stainless steel casing (301) is filled with a heat-insulating cotton layer (302), a flue pipe (303) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the stainless steel casing (301), a heat-absorbing pipe (304) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the stainless steel casing (301), a flow guide pipe (305) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat-absorbing pipe (304), one end of the flue pipe (303) is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe (306), one end of the smoke outlet pipe (306) away from the flue pipe (303) is fixedly connected to a fan (4), and a smoke exhaust main pipe (5) is fixedly installed at the air outlet of the fan (4); The waste heat recovery component (8) comprises an oil storage tank (801), the interior of the oil storage tank (801) is filled with heat-conducting oil material, a circulation pump (802) is fixedly installed on the outside of the oil storage tank (801), an output end of the circulation pump (802) is fixedly connected to an output pipe (803), the output pipe (803) passes through the outside of the stainless steel casing (301) and is connected to the inner wall of the guide pipe (305), a recovery pipe (804) is fixedly installed on the other side of the guide pipe (305), one section of the recovery pipe (804) is fixedly installed on the inside of the heat energy utilization device (7), the other section of the recovery pipe (804) is fixedly connected to the inside of the heat-conducting fin (212), and one end of the recovery pipe (804) away from the guide pipe (305) is fixedly connected to the inside of the oil storage tank (801).

2. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first spiral guide plates (104) in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted on the inner side of the inner stainless steel tube (101); a raised section (105) is provided inside the inner stainless steel tube (101); the raised section (105) is arranged in an outwardly convex structure; the outer shapes of the aerogel layer (102) and the outer stainless steel tube (103) at the position of the raised section (105) are both adapted to the outer shape structure of the raised section (105); a collecting box (106) is plugged into the inner side of the raised section (105); and the collecting box (106) is fixedly connected to the outer stainless steel tube (103) by bolts.

3. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two symmetrical mounting seats (111) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fine filter box (107), a cleaning assembly (109) is provided on the inner side of the fine filter box (107), and fine filter plates (110) are plugged into the inner sides of the two mounting seats (111). The smoke outlet of the fine filter box (107) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the Venturi pipe (201) through a pipe.

4. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (109) comprises two symmetrical frames (1091), the outer sides of the two frames (1091) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fine filter box (107), the inner side of one of the frames (1091) is rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw rod (1092), the outer side of the fine filter box (107) is fixedly inlaid with a servo motor (1093), and the output end of the servo motor (1093) is fixedly connected to one end of the reciprocating screw rod (1092), a rotating shaft (1095) is provided between the two frames (1091), a cleaning steel wire (1096) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft (1095), and both ends of the rotating shaft (1095) are rotatably connected to moving blocks (1094).

5. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side of the other frame (1091) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (1099), the inner side of one of the moving blocks (1094) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw rod (1092), and the inner side of the other moving block (1094) is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rod (1099). The inner sides of the two frames (1091) are fixedly connected to racks (1098), and the outer sides of both ends of the rotating shaft (1095) are fixedly connected to gears (1097), and the gears (1097) and the racks (1098) are meshed.

6. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second spiral guide plates (205) in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the inner side of the tapered section (203); a base (213) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Venturi pipe (201); an inner wall of the base (213) is connected to the inner wall of the Venturi pipe (201); and a collecting drawer (214) is slidably connected to the inner side of the base (213).

7. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (307) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the stainless steel sleeve (301), one end of the connecting pipe (307) is connected to the inner wall of the flue pipe (303), and the other end of the connecting pipe (307) is connected to the inner wall of the Venturi pipe (201).

8. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the stainless steel casing (301) is fixedly connected to a support frame (9), and the outer side of the support frame (9) is fixedly mounted with a controller (10), and the controller (10) is electrically connected to the fan (4).

9. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue pipe (303) is arranged in a spiral shape, one side of the flow guide pipe (305) is arranged in an open shape, the open side of the flow guide pipe (305) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat absorption pipe (304), and the flow guide pipe (305) is arranged in a spiral shape on the inner side of the heat absorption pipe (304).

10. The expandable boiler waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the recovery pipe (804) located inside the heat-conducting fin (212) is arranged in a U-shape.

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