Material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device and oxygen-enriched combustion heating method
By separating air into oxygen and nitrogen through an oxygen-permeable membrane reactor, an oxygen-enriched combustion reaction is achieved, solving the problems of low combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions in traditional combustion processes, and realizing efficient CO2 capture and low-cost combustion.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410428113.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the combustion process using air as an oxidant is inefficient, produces a large amount of NOx pollutants, and CO2 is difficult to capture efficiently.
An oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is used to separate air into oxygen and nitrogen. The material is heated through an oxygen-enriched combustion reaction. The oxygen-permeable membrane reactor separates air into oxygen and nitrogen, achieving efficient combustion of fuel and oxygen. The flue gas contains only CO2 and H2O, and CO2 is efficiently captured through condensation separation.
It improves combustion reaction efficiency, reduces NOx and CO2 emissions, achieves efficient CO2 capture, and reduces operating costs and system complexity.
Smart Images
Figure CN120820006A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oxygen combustion, in particular to a material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device and an oxygen-enriched combustion heating method. Background Art
[0002] At present, most of the processes that require gaseous oxygen to participate in combustion, such as waste liquid, waste gas, garbage, sludge incineration, combustion of gas, liquid, solid fuels, catalyst regeneration, sulfur recovery, etc., use air as the oxidant. However, a large amount of N2 in the air will reduce the efficiency of the combustion reaction; at a flame temperature greater than 1200℃, thermal NO will be generated. x , fast NO x , resulting in a large amount of NO in the exhaust gas x Pollutants are difficult to treat, and the CO2 concentration is low, so the energy consumption for concentration and capture is high, making it difficult to achieve efficient capture. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The present invention aims to provide a material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device and an oxygen-enriched combustion heating method to solve the problems of pollutant generation and low thermal efficiency in the traditional aerobic combustion process and the difficulty in efficiently capturing CO2.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific solution adopted by the present invention is: a material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device, comprising:
[0005] Heat exchanger, which uses high-temperature nitrogen to raise the temperature of normal-temperature air to high-temperature air;
[0006] The second oxygen permeable membrane reactor separates the high-temperature air into oxygen and oxygen-depleted air through the oxygen permeable membrane tube, and the oxygen is mixed with the mixed gas and the circulating gas to form an oxygen-containing gas;
[0007] The first oxygen permeable membrane reactor separates oxygen-depleted air into oxygen and nitrogen through the oxygen permeable membrane tube. The oxygen and fuel undergo incomplete combustion to produce a mixed gas containing CO and the nitrogen is heated to high-temperature nitrogen. Part of the mixed gas enters the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor and is mixed with oxygen and circulating gas collected from the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor. Another part refluxes into the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor, and the rest enters the heating device.
[0008] Heating equipment is used to release heat for complete combustion of mixed gas and oxygen-containing gas to heat the material to the target product. Part of the generated flue gas is used as circulating gas, and the other part is exhaust gas.
[0009] Preferably, the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor are both tube-sheet type, the oxygen permeable membrane of the oxygen permeable membrane tube has a thickness of 0.1-6 mm, a diameter of 1-30 mm, and a tube spacing of 0.5-4 times the tube diameter.
[0010] Preferably, the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor are both flat-plate type, the oxygen permeable membrane thickness of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is 0.1-6 mm, and the membrane spacing is 0.5-25 mm.
[0011] Preferably, the operating temperature of the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor is 400-1100° C., the pressure difference on both sides of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is 0-10 MPa, and the pressure inside the oxygen permeable membrane tube is not lower than the pressure outside the oxygen permeable membrane tube.
[0012] Preferably, the oxygen permeable membrane of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is a perovskite, fluorite-perovskite, fluorite-metal or perovskite-metal structure.
[0013] Preferably, the oxygen permeable membrane of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is a single-layer membrane or a multi-layer membrane.
[0014] A material oxygen-enriched combustion heating method adopts any of the above-mentioned material oxygen-enriched combustion heating devices for heating.
[0015] Preferably, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-containing gas is adjusted by controlling the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the high-temperature air entering the second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor.
[0016] Preferably, the volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas is adjusted to 0-80%.
[0017] Preferably, the volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas is adjusted to 25-30%.
[0018] Preferably, 0-5% of the mixed gas is returned to the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor, 0-50% of the mixed gas enters the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor, and 45-100% of the mixed gas enters the heating device.
[0019] Preferably, the recycled gas accounts for 80-95% of the total flue gas.
[0020] Preferably, the exhaust gas is subjected to condensation to separate water and CO2.
[0021] Beneficial effects
[0022] First, the present invention can greatly improve the efficiency of aerobic combustion reactions: the present invention adopts an oxygen-rich combustion reaction, and the combustion reaction temperature is much higher than the combustion temperature in the air, so that the combustion reaction is more thorough and the combustion reaction efficiency is greatly improved.
[0023] Second, the present invention has no CO2, NO x Pollutant discharge: In the present invention, the fuel is burned with oxygen-containing gas and does not come into contact with nitrogen in the air, so there is no thermal NO x The production of CO2 can be directly collected and processed after the water is separated by low-temperature flue gas condensation. Therefore, the process of the present invention does not produce CO2, NO x etc. to discharge pollutants.
[0024] Third, the present invention enables highly efficient CO2 capture. Conventional aerobic combustion flue gas, due to its extremely low CO2 concentration, consumes considerable energy to concentrate and capture, and is typically discharged directly into the atmosphere. The flue gas produced by the present invention contains only CO2 and H2O. After condensation, the flue gas is separated to a concentration of over 99%, allowing for direct collection and processing.
[0025] Fourth, the oxygen-enriched combustion material heating system of the present invention is simple, fast, and efficient. Conventional technologies such as cryogenic distillation, membrane separation, pressure swing adsorption, and chemical looping air separation are costly and complex to produce pure oxygen. The present invention uses a simple oxygen-permeable membrane reactor to achieve oxygen enrichment, reducing operating costs by over 20% compared to existing oxygen production technologies. The oxygen-enriched combustion material heating system is simple, fast, and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 This is a material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device and an oxygen-enriched combustion heating process diagram of the present invention;
[0027] Markings in the figure: 1. heat exchanger, 2. first oxygen permeable membrane reactor, 3. second oxygen permeable membrane reactor, 4. combustion equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device of the present invention mainly includes a heat exchanger 1, a first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2, a second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3, and a combustion device 4. The oxygen permeable membranes of the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2 and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3 are perovskite mixed conductor oxygen permeable membranes. The first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2 and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3 are stacked in a flat plate structure. The flat plate oxygen permeable membrane has a thickness of 1 mm, a membrane spacing of 2 mm, and a pressure difference of 2 MPa on both sides of the oxygen permeable membrane. The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0029] 1) 20°C ambient air enters heat exchanger 1, where it exchanges heat with 700-1000°C high-temperature nitrogen, raising its temperature to 600-900°C. The air then enters the second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor 3. Oxygen in the high-temperature air migrates through the corresponding oxygen-permeable membrane tubes, combining with the circulating gas and mixed gas to form oxygen-containing gas at 500-800°C. After transferring oxygen, the high-temperature air becomes oxygen-depleted air at 500-800°C and enters the first oxygen-permeable membrane reactor 2. Further oxygen transfer is then performed to convert the air into high-purity, 700-1000°C high-temperature nitrogen. This high-temperature nitrogen enters heat exchanger 1, where it exchanges heat with ambient air. The temperature of the high-temperature nitrogen is reduced to below 50°C before being collected and processed.
[0030] 2) The fuel enters the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2 and undergoes an incomplete combustion reaction with oxygen migrating from the corresponding oxygen permeable membrane tube. This provides heat for the oxygen to migrate forward, prompting all oxygen in the oxygen-depleted air to migrate to the fuel side. The remaining high-temperature nitrogen at 700-1000°C is drawn out of the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2. The incomplete reaction between the fuel and oxygen produces a mixed gas containing CO at 700-1000°C, which is drawn out of the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2. 10% of this mixed gas enters the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3, and 2% returns to the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor 2, increasing the reaction rate and accelerating oxygen migration. The remaining mixed gas enters the heating equipment.
[0031] 3) The mixed gas entering the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3 reacts with the oxygen migrating through the membrane, providing heat for oxygen migration. The circulating gas entering the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3 is used to dilute and remove oxygen, promoting the continued migration of oxygen.
[0032] 4) The oxygen-containing gas with a temperature of 600-900° C. formed by the reaction of the circulating gas, the mixed gas and the oxygen in the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3 is drawn out from the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3 and enters the heating device.
[0033] 5) The mixed gas and oxygen-containing gas are completely combusted in the heating device, releasing heat and producing a high-temperature flue gas heating furnace material containing only CO2 and H2O. The material enters the heating device, is heated to the target product, and then exits the heating device. After the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas heating material decreases, a portion of the flue gas (80-95% of the total flue gas) is transferred as recycle gas to the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor 3, while the remaining portion is directly discharged for subsequent condensation and separation to capture the CO2.
[0034] In the embodiment, the material heating, exhaust gas condensation, air heating, and high-temperature nitrogen heat exchange processes can be arbitrarily combined and optimized according to the temperature gradient, and are not limited to the heat exchange methods listed in the embodiment.
Claims
1. A material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device, characterized in that: include: Heat exchanger, which uses high-temperature nitrogen to raise the temperature of normal-temperature air to high-temperature air; The second oxygen permeable membrane reactor separates the high-temperature air into oxygen and oxygen-depleted air through the oxygen permeable membrane tube, and the oxygen is mixed with the mixed gas and the circulating gas to form an oxygen-containing gas; The first oxygen permeable membrane reactor separates oxygen-depleted air into oxygen and nitrogen through the oxygen permeable membrane tube. The oxygen and fuel undergo incomplete combustion to produce a mixed gas containing CO and the nitrogen is heated to high-temperature nitrogen. Part of the mixed gas enters the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor and is mixed with oxygen and circulating gas collected from the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor. Another part refluxes into the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor, and the rest enters the heating device. Heating equipment is used to release heat for complete combustion of mixed gas and oxygen-containing gas to heat the material to the target product. Part of the generated flue gas is used as circulating gas, and the other part is exhaust gas.
2. The material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oxygen permeable membrane reactor and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor are both tube-sheet type, the oxygen permeable membrane of the oxygen permeable membrane tube has a thickness of 0.1-6 mm, a diameter of 1-30 mm, and a tube spacing of 0.5-4 times the tube diameter.
3. The material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oxygen permeable membrane reactor and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor are both flat-plate type, the oxygen permeable membrane thickness of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is 0.1-6 mm, and the membrane spacing is 0.5-25 mm.
4. The material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating temperature of the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor and the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor is 400-1100°C, the pressure difference on both sides of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is 0-10MPa, and the pressure inside the oxygen permeable membrane tube is not lower than the pressure outside the oxygen permeable membrane tube.
5. The material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen permeable membrane of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is a perovskite, fluorite-perovskite, fluorite-metal or perovskite-metal structure.
6. The material oxygen-enriched combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen permeable membrane of the oxygen permeable membrane tube is a single-layer membrane or a multi-layer membrane.
7. A material oxygen-enriched combustion heating method, characterized in that: The material is heated by using any one of the oxygen-enriched combustion heating devices described in claims 1-6.
8. The method for heating materials by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 7, wherein: The oxygen concentration in the oxygen-containing gas is adjusted by controlling the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the high-temperature air entering the second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor.
9. The method for heating materials by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 8, characterized in that: The volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas is adjusted to 0-80%.
10. The method for heating materials by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 8, characterized in that: The oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas is adjusted to 25-30% by volume.
11. The method for heating materials by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 7, wherein: 0-5% of the mixed gas is returned to the first oxygen permeable membrane reactor, 0-50% of the mixed gas enters the second oxygen permeable membrane reactor, and 45-100% of the mixed gas enters the heating device.
12. The method for heating materials by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 7, wherein: Recycled gas accounts for 80-95% of the total flue gas.
13. The method for heating materials by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 7, wherein: The exhaust gas is condensed to separate water and CO2.