Petrochemical high-risk environment shared tray explosion-proof tracking alarm system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of alarm systems, and discloses a petrochemical high-risk environment shared pallet explosion-proof tracking alarm system which comprises a pallet side safety identification and sensing module, an environment side accurate positioning and partition management module and a central processing and permission decision module. The system generates a unique password-protected digital identity for the pallet, combines a three-dimensional high-precision ranging network and a virtual fence area, realizes accurate tracking of the position of the pallet and automatic comparison of the safety level, and triggers an alarm mechanism when a violation is found. The application can effectively improve the safety and efficiency of pallet management in a petrochemical plant area and prevent safety hazards caused by inconsistent permissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of logistics and supply chain management and safety monitoring technology, specifically an explosion-proof tracking and alarm system for shared pallets in high-risk petrochemical environments. Background Technology

[0002] In the petrochemical industry, pallets used in material handling and storage are often in high-risk environments, potentially containing flammable and explosive gases or dust. Therefore, extremely high demands are placed on pallet tracking, management, and secure access control. Traditional pallet management systems primarily rely on physical identification methods such as paint spraying, engraving characters, or affixing labels for differentiation and tracking. However, these methods have limitations in addressing the petrochemical industry's requirements for explosion-proof measures, real-time location tracking, and access control. For example, physical markings are easily blurred due to wear, corrosion, or dirt, leading to decreased information reliability and potentially posing safety hazards.

[0003] Furthermore, existing positioning technologies are mostly based on GPS or Wi-Fi signal strength for ranging. However, in enclosed or semi-enclosed petrochemical plant areas, these technologies often suffer from insufficient positioning accuracy due to signal blockage or reflection. At the same time, for the refined management of areas with different security levels, existing systems lack effective virtual electronic fence mechanisms, making it difficult to automatically match pallets with specific area security permissions and to provide immediate alerts for violations.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shared pallet explosion-proof tracking and alarm system that can adapt to the high-risk environment of petrochemicals. This system should have the following characteristics: First, it should ensure the uniqueness and security of pallet identification information; second, it should be able to achieve high-precision real-time positioning in complex physical environments; and third, it should support security access management based on spatial partitions and be able to automatically detect and respond to violations of access rights. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention relates to an explosion-proof tracking and alarm system for shared pallets in high-risk petrochemical environments, including a pallet-side safety identification and sensing module installed on the monitored pallet. The pallet-side safety identification and sensing module is used to generate a unique, cryptographically protected digital identity for each pallet and broadcast signals to the outside at set time intervals.

[0006] An environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module is deployed in the physical space of a petrochemical plant. The environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module is used to establish a high-precision ranging network and virtual fence areas with different security levels in a three-dimensional physical environment, and to receive signals broadcast by the pallet-side safety identification and sensing module in real time.

[0007] The central processing and access control module, located in the control center, is connected to the tray-side security identification and sensing module and the environment-side precise positioning and partition management module via a communication link. It receives and processes data from the two modules, accurately tracks the location of the tray, verifies its digital identity and parses its inherent security level attributes, and automatically compares the security level requirements of the virtual fence area where the tray is located with the security level attributes of the tray. When a violation is detected, an alarm mechanism is triggered.

[0008] Preferably, the physical form of the tray-side security identification and sensing module is an intrinsically safe electronic tag device, which is rigidly fixed to the main structure of the tray; the electronic tag device integrates a low-power microprocessor unit, and the following components are electrically connected to the low-power microprocessor unit:

[0009] An encryption chip is used to provide hardware-level signing and verification capabilities for the digital identity of the tray;

[0010] The main communication unit is used for high-precision ranging communication with the environmental side precise positioning and partition management module;

[0011] An auxiliary status communication unit is used to upload the status information of the electronic tag device to the environmental side precise positioning and partition management module in a low-power mode.

[0012] A power management unit is used to provide intrinsically safe power supply support for the electronic tag device.

[0013] Preferably, the encryption chip uses a cryptographic coprocessor that meets the internationally recognized evaluation assurance level EAL4+ certification. Its internal tamper-proof storage area is pre-programmed with a private key from a key pair generated based on the elliptic curve cryptography ECCSecp256k1 standard, as well as a globally unique 64-bit hardware identifier (UID).

[0014] The digital identity of the pallet is defined as a structured cryptographic security dataset SDI, which specifically includes: a 64-bit hardware identifier UID, a pallet material type code, the explosion-proof or anti-static standard level followed, rated static and dynamic load values, the date of the most recent inspection, the date of the next mandatory inspection, and the pallet manufacturer number.

[0015] The low-power microprocessor unit calls the encryption chip and uses its internally stored private key to perform an elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) signature on the SHA-384 hash digest value of the SDI data set, so as to generate a cryptographically protected tray identity credential together with the SDI data set.

[0016] Preferably, the main communication unit is an ultra-wideband transceiver conforming to the IEEE 802.15.4a standard, with an operating frequency band of 3.1 GHz to 4.8 GHz, and adopts a one-way ranging (OWR) working mode. It achieves high-precision distance calculation between the ranging node in the environmental side precise positioning and partition management module by measuring the time of flight (ToF) of the signal.

[0017] Preferably, the auxiliary status communication unit is a narrowband IoT transceiver conforming to the NB-IoT protocol specification. It operates in the approved Sub-GHz frequency band and runs in power-saving mode. It is woken up by the low-power microprocessor unit at preset time intervals to upload status information, including the remaining battery power, internal operating temperature, and module self-test health status code, to the gateway device in the environmental side precise positioning and partition management module.

[0018] Preferably, the intrinsically safe power supply managed by the power management unit is a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack with a rated voltage of 3.0 volts. The battery pack is encapsulated in a shell made of high-strength polyurethane material and filled with thermally conductive and insulating potting compound. Its circuit output terminal is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a fast-blow fuse to form a power supply circuit that meets the intrinsically safe Ib level.

[0019] Preferably, the environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module includes:

[0020] The hybrid ranging node network consists of multiple ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging nodes strategically deployed in key locations within the petrochemical plant area, and NB-IoT gateways deployed at high points within the plant area to achieve wide-area signal coverage.

[0021] The spatial partitioning database deployed on the central processing and authorization module server contains a spatially aware hierarchical security model SPHSZ. This model accurately describes the entire plant area in digital space as a series of non-overlapping, seamlessly connected three-dimensional polyhedral security zones. The database defines a unique geometric shape and specific security level requirements for each security zone.

[0022] Preferably, the UWB ranging node has an explosion-proof certification level matching its location and is installed at a height of 2.5 meters to 4 meters above the ground to achieve optimal signal line-of-sight coverage. In particular, in special areas defined as transition zones at the boundary between two safety zones of different safety levels, the density of UWB ranging nodes is increased. The UWB ranging node is connected to the industrial switch through an intrinsically safe barrier and uses DC power supply technology to solve the power supply and data backhaul issues.

[0023] Preferably, the central processing and authorization module includes a series of collaborative software components, which include:

[0024] The position calculation engine component is used to calculate the position and velocity of each pallet in the three-dimensional coordinate system in real time based on the ranging data received from the precise positioning and partition management module of the environment side.

[0025] The SDI verification and permission parsing component is used to request and verify the authenticity and integrity of the SDI identity credentials of the target tray through a wireless communication link, and after successful verification, parse out the corresponding standardized internal security level value.

[0026] The rule adjudication engine is used to obtain the current location and security level attributes of the tray, and compare them with the security level requirements of the security zone where the location is located to determine whether there is any violation of permission.

[0027] Preferably, the position calculation engine component embeds a multi-point positioning algorithm based on particle filter (PF). The algorithm takes unidirectional ranging (OWR) data for the same pallet obtained from at least three different UWB ranging nodes as input, and combines the pallet's previous state to estimate the pallet's current three-dimensional position coordinates, velocity vector, and position estimation covariance matrix that quantifies the confidence level of the current position calculation in real time. Only when the covariance matrix is ​​lower than a preset threshold is the position calculation result determined to be a high-confidence position.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] This system enables end-to-end tracking and safety management of pallets in high-risk petrochemical environments. The pallet-side safety identification and sensing module ensures the uniqueness of identity information and high accuracy of ranging data through encryption chips and the main communication unit. The environment-side precise positioning and zoning management module provides high-precision positioning and virtual electronic fence functionality through UWB ranging nodes and a spatial zoning database. The central processing and access control module automates the management of pallet location, identity, and access rights through a location calculation engine component, SDI verification and access control parsing component, and a rule-based adjudication engine. The system not only meets the high requirements of the petrochemical industry for explosion-proof, real-time positioning, and access control, but also significantly improves the efficiency and security of pallet management. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the system of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a block diagram showing the structural components of the pallet-side safety identification and sensing module.

[0032] Figure 3This is a deployment diagram of the environment-side precise positioning and zoning management module.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional polyhedral security region division of the Spatial Perception Layered Security Model (SPHSZ) in the Spatial Partitioning Database.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the central processing and authority adjudication module. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This invention relates to an explosion-proof tracking and alarm system for shared pallets in high-risk petrochemical environments, the specific implementation of which is as follows. According to... Figure 1 The overall architecture diagram shown illustrates that the implementation of this system relies on the collaborative work of the tray-side security identification and sensing module, the environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module, and the central processing and access control module. The tray-side security identification and sensing module is installed on the monitored tray, the environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module is deployed in the physical space of the petrochemical plant, and the central processing and access control module is located in the control center. These three main parts are interconnected through communication links, forming a complete closed-loop system.

[0036] The specific structure of the tray-side security identification and sensing module is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its core components include a low-power microprocessor unit, an encryption chip, a main communication unit, an auxiliary status communication unit, and a power management unit. These components are physically connected via wires and interfaces on the circuit board. The low-power microprocessor unit, as the core control unit, is responsible for coordinating the work of other components. The low-power microprocessor unit is connected to the encryption chip via an SPI bus, used to invoke the encryption chip to perform cryptographic operations. The encryption chip integrates a cryptographic coprocessor that conforms to the internationally recognized EAL4+ certification. Its internal storage area is pre-programmed with the private key of a key pair generated based on the elliptic curve cryptography ECCSecp256k1 standard, and a globally unique 64-bit hardware identifier (UID). The low-power microprocessor unit signs and verifies the digital identity on the tray by invoking the functions of the encryption chip.

[0037] The main communication unit is connected to the low-power microprocessor unit via a UART interface. It is implemented as an ultra-wideband transceiver conforming to the IEEE 802.15.4a standard, operating in the 3.1GHz to 4.8GHz frequency band. The main communication unit employs a one-way ranging (OWR) operating mode, using the time-of-flight (ToF) measurement signal to achieve high-precision distance calculation with the UWB ranging nodes in the environmental positioning and partitioning management module. The auxiliary status communication unit is connected to the low-power microprocessor unit via an I2C bus. It is implemented as a narrowband IoT transceiver conforming to the NB-IoT protocol specification, operating in the approved Sub-GHz band and in power-saving mode. The auxiliary status communication unit is woken up by the low-power microprocessor unit at preset time intervals to upload status information, including remaining battery power, internal operating temperature, and module self-test health status code, to the NB-IoT gateway in the environmental positioning and partitioning management module.

[0038] The power management unit is connected to all the aforementioned components via power supply lines on a circuit board. Its intrinsically safe power source is a 3.0-volt lithium thionyl chloride battery pack. The battery pack is encapsulated in a high-strength polyurethane casing filled with thermally conductive and insulating potting compound. A current-limiting resistor and a fast-blow fuse are connected in series at the power management unit's circuit output, forming a power supply circuit that meets intrinsically safe Class Ib standards, preventing the generation of electrical sparks or heat sufficient to ignite explosive gases under any internal fault conditions. All components are rigidly mounted on the tray structure, ensuring stable operation in high-risk environments.

[0039] The specific deployment of the environment-side precise positioning and partition management module is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, its core components include a hybrid ranging node network and a spatial partitioning database. The hybrid ranging node network consists of multiple UWB ranging nodes and NB-IoT gateways. The UWB ranging nodes are strategically deployed in key locations within the petrochemical plant area, installed at heights between 2.5 and 4 meters above the ground to achieve optimal line-of-sight coverage. Specifically, a special transition zone is defined at the boundary between two security zones of different security levels, where the density of UWB ranging nodes is increased to ensure ranging accuracy and stability in the boundary area. The UWB ranging nodes are connected to industrial switches via intrinsically safe barriers, and DC power supply technology is used to address power supply and data backhaul issues. The NB-IoT gateways are deployed at high points within the plant area to achieve wide-area signal coverage and receive status information from auxiliary status communication units.

[0040] The spatial partitioning database is deployed on a server containing the central processing and authorization module. Internally, it incorporates a spatially aware, layered security model (SPHSZ), such as... Figure 4As shown in the diagram, this model precisely describes the entire factory area in digital space as a series of non-overlapping, seamlessly connected three-dimensional polyhedral security zones. The database defines a unique geometric shape and specific security level requirements for each security zone. The spatial partitioning database is connected to the rule-based adjudication engine in the central processing and authorization module via Ethernet, providing it with real-time security zone attribute query services.

[0041] The specific workflow of the central processing and authority adjudication module is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, its core components include a location calculation engine component, an SDI verification and permission resolution component, and a rule adjudication engine. The location calculation engine component receives ranging data from UWB ranging nodes in the environment-side precise positioning and partition management module, and calculates the position and velocity of each pallet in the three-dimensional coordinate system in real time using an embedded multi-point positioning algorithm based on particle filter (PF). This algorithm takes unidirectional ranging OWR data for the same pallet obtained from at least three different UWB ranging nodes as input, and combines this with the pallet's previous state to estimate the pallet's current three-dimensional position coordinates, velocity vector, and a position estimation covariance matrix that quantifies the confidence level of the current location calculation. Only when the covariance matrix is ​​below a preset threshold is the location calculation result determined to be a high-confidence location.

[0042] The SDI verification and authorization resolution component requests and verifies the authenticity and integrity of the SDI identity credentials of the target pallet via a wireless communication link. The SDI data set includes a 64-bit hardware identifier (UID), pallet material type code, applicable explosion-proof or anti-static standard level, rated static and dynamic load values, last inspection date, next mandatory inspection date, and pallet manufacturer number. The SDI verification and authorization resolution component invokes the encryption chip's function, using its internally stored public key to perform elliptic curve digital signature (ECDSA) verification on the SHA-384 hash digest value of the SDI data set to confirm the authenticity and integrity of the pallet identity credentials. Upon successful verification, the SDI verification and authorization resolution component parses the standardized internal security level value corresponding to the pallet.

[0043] The rule adjudication engine performs the following operations at a frequency of no less than 5 times per second: It acquires the current high-confidence 3D location coordinates of the pallet; performs geometric inclusion operations on the coordinates against all 3D polyhedra in the spatial partitioning database to accurately determine the ID of the security zone the pallet currently occupies; retrieves the security level requirement for that security zone from the spatial partitioning database; compares the pallet's internal security level value obtained from the SDI verification and permission resolution component with the security level requirement value of the security zone; if the pallet's permission level value is lower than the requirement level value of its zone, it immediately generates a violation event containing violation details. The rule adjudication engine connects to the alarm system within the plant via Ethernet, triggering an alarm mechanism upon detecting a violation.

[0044] The aforementioned modules and components collaborate closely through communication links and data flow directions to jointly realize the system's functions. The tray-side security identification and sensing module interacts with the UWB ranging node and NB-IoT gateway in the environment-side precise positioning and zoning management module via the main communication unit and auxiliary status communication unit, respectively. The environment-side precise positioning and zoning management module transmits ranging data and status information via Ethernet to the location calculation engine component and rule adjudication engine in the central processing and authorization adjudication module. Through the collaborative work of its internal software components, the central processing and authorization adjudication module accurately tracks the tray's position, verifies its digital identity, and automatically compares its security level attributes, ultimately achieving real-time alarms for violations.

[0045] The following section provides a supplementary explanation of the specific implementation principle of this invention using a particular application scenario.

[0046] Within petrochemical plant areas, pallets are widely used for handling and storing flammable and explosive materials. Suppose a shared pallet needs to be moved from a low-security, general storage area to a high-security, explosion-proof storage area, and the system must ensure the pallet complies with safety regulations throughout the process. In this scenario, the pallet-side safety identification and sensing module, the environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module, and the central processing and access control module work together to complete pallet authentication, real-time location tracking, and access control decisions.

[0047] First, when the pallet enters the factory area, the low-power microprocessor unit in the pallet-side security identification and sensing module generates a unique digital identity by calling the encryption chip. Specifically, the private key pre-programmed inside the encryption chip signs the pallet's SDI data set based on the elliptic curve cryptography ECCSecp256k1 standard, generating a cryptographically protected identity credential. The main communication unit communicates with UWB ranging nodes in unidirectional ranging OWR mode, obtaining the precise distance between the pallet and multiple ranging nodes by measuring the signal time-of-flight (ToF). This ranging data is then transmitted via an industrial switch to the position calculation engine component in the central processing and authorization module.

[0048] The position calculation engine component uses the Particle Filter (PF) algorithm to process the received ranging data. This algorithm takes data from at least three different ranging nodes as input and combines it with the tray's previous position state to calculate the tray's current 3D coordinates and velocity vector. To ensure positioning accuracy, the algorithm also generates a position estimation covariance matrix and only identifies high-confidence positions when the covariance is below a preset threshold. For example, in a normal storage area, the tray's initial position is determined as (X1, Y1, Z1), and its velocity vector is recorded for subsequent dynamic tracking.

[0049] Meanwhile, the auxiliary status communication unit periodically wakes up and uploads the tray's status information to the NB-IoT gateway, including remaining battery power, module temperature, and health status codes. This information is transmitted via Ethernet to the rule adjudication engine to assess whether the tray's working status is normal. If the battery power falls below a preset threshold or the module temperature rises abnormally, the system will trigger an early warning mechanism to alert maintenance personnel to handle the situation promptly.

[0050] As the pallet approaches the transition zone, the UWB ranging nodes in the environmental precision positioning and partition management module significantly improve ranging accuracy due to increased deployment density. At this point, the pallet's real-time position is updated to (X2, Y2, Z2). The SPHSZ model in the spatial partition database performs geometric inclusion relationship calculations between the pallet's current position and all three-dimensional polyhedral security areas to accurately determine the security area ID in which the pallet is currently located. For example, if the pallet moves from a normal storage area (security level 1) to a transition zone (security level 2), the system automatically retrieves the security level requirements for that area and compares them with the pallet's internal security level value.

[0051] The SDI authentication and permission resolution component requests the tray's identity credentials via a wireless communication link and verifies them using an ECDSA public key. Upon successful verification, the component resolves the tray's standardized internal security level value. For example, if the tray's security level is 1, it cannot access the explosion-proof storage area, which has a security level of 3. The rule adjudication engine performs comparisons at a frequency of no less than 5 times per second. If insufficient tray permissions are detected, a violation event is immediately generated, triggering the plant's alarm system via Ethernet.

[0052] Furthermore, once the tray successfully enters the explosion-proof storage area, the system continues to monitor its location and status in real time. For example, if the tray accidentally deviates from the designated path or enters an unauthorized area, the rule adjudication engine will generate a violation event again and trigger an alarm mechanism. In addition, the tray's status information is continuously uploaded to the central processing and permission adjudication module to ensure its long-term stability and security.

[0053] Through the above steps, this system achieves full-process tracking and safety management of pallets in the high-risk petrochemical environment. The pallet-side safety identification and sensing module ensures the uniqueness of identity information and high accuracy of ranging data through an encryption chip and main communication unit; the environmental-side precise positioning and zoning management module provides high-precision positioning and virtual electronic fence functions through UWB ranging nodes and a spatial zoning database; the central processing and access control module automates the management of pallet location, identity, and access through a location calculation engine component, SDI verification and access control component, and a rule-based adjudication engine. Ultimately, the system not only meets the high requirements of the petrochemical industry for explosion-proof, real-time positioning, and access control, but also significantly improves the efficiency and security of pallet management.

[0054] All content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical appliance are not specifically limited; conventional equipment can be used. Electrical control components not mentioned in this technical solution are not shown in the figures because they are prior art, and will not be described further here.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "inclusion" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A petrochemical high-risk environment shared pallet explosion-proof tracking alarm system, characterized in that, Comprise: A tray side security identification and sensing module arranged on a monitored tray; The tray side security identification and sensing module is used to generate a unique, cryptography-protected digital identity for each tray and broadcast signals at a set time interval, which is in the form of an intrinsically safe electronic tag device rigidly fixed to the main structure of the tray; The electronic tag device internally integrates a low-power microprocessor unit and is provided with an encryption chip, a main communication unit, an auxiliary state communication unit and a power management unit in electrical connection with the low-power microprocessor unit; The encryption chip uses a cryptography coprocessor that meets the EAL4+ authentication of the internationally accepted standard evaluation guarantee level, and a private key in a pair of keys generated based on the ECCSecp256k1 standard and a globally unique 64-bit hardware identifier UID are pre-burned in the internal tamper-proof storage area; The digital identity of the tray is defined as a structured cryptography security data set SDI; The low-power microprocessor unit calls the encryption chip to use the internal stored private key to perform ECDSA signature on the SHA-384 hash digest value of the SDI data set to generate a cryptography-protected tray identity certificate together with the SDI data set; The main communication unit is an ultra-wideband transceiver that meets the IEEE802.15.4a standard, with a working frequency band of 3.1GHz to 4.8GHz and uses one-way ranging OWR mode to realize high-precision distance measurement between the ranging node in the environment side accurate positioning and partition management module and the environment side accurate positioning and partition management module through measuring the time of flight ToF; The auxiliary state communication unit is a narrowband Internet of Things transceiver that meets the NB-IoT protocol specification, which works in the approved Sub-GHz frequency band and runs in energy-saving mode; The power management unit manages the intrinsically safe power supply, which is a lithium sulfonyl chloride battery with a rated voltage of 3.0 volts, which is packaged in a shell made of high-strength polyurethane material and internally filled with heat-conducting insulation potting glue; Its circuit output end is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a fast-fuse fuse, forming a power supply circuit that meets the intrinsic safety ib level; The environment side accurate positioning and partition management module deployed in the physical space of the petrochemical plant, the environment side accurate positioning and partition management module is used to establish a high-precision ranging network and a virtual fence area with different security level requirements in a three-dimensional physical environment, and real-time receive the signal broadcast by the tray side security identification and sensing module; A central processing and authority decision module is arranged in the control center, which is connected with the tray side security identification and sensing module and the environment side accurate positioning and partition management module through a communication link, for receiving and processing data from the two modules, accurately tracking the position of the tray, verifying the digital identity of the tray and analyzing the inherent security level attribute, automatically comparing the security level requirements of the virtual fence area where the tray is located with the security level attribute of the tray, and triggering an alarm mechanism when a violation is found.

2. The petrochemical high hazard environment shared pallet anti-explosion tracking alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary state communication unit is awakened by the low-power microprocessor unit at a preset time interval, for uploading state information including battery remaining capacity, internal working temperature and module self-check health status code to the gateway device in the environment side accurate positioning and partition management module.

3. The petrochemical high hazard environment shared pallet explosion tracking alarm system of claim 2, wherein, The environment side accurate positioning and partition management module includes: A hybrid ranging node network includes a plurality of ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging nodes strategically arranged at key locations in the petrochemical plant area, and NB-IoT gateways deployed at key points in the plant area to achieve wide-area signal coverage; A spatial partition database is deployed on the central processing and authority decision module server, and a spatial awareness hierarchical security model (SPHSZ) is established in the spatial partition database. The model accurately describes the entire plant area in digital space as a series of non-overlapping, seamlessly connected three-dimensional polyhedral security areas, and defines the unique geometry and explicit security level requirements for each security area in the database.

4. The petrochemical high hazard environment shared pallet anti-explosion tracking alarm system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The UWB ranging nodes have an explosion-proof certification level matching the area they are in, and are installed at a height of 2.5 to 4 meters from the ground to obtain the best signal line-of-sight coverage. In particular, the arrangement density of UWB ranging nodes in the transition zone, which is a special area defined at the boundary between two security areas of different security levels, is increased. The UWB ranging nodes are connected to an industrial switch through an intrinsically safe barrier and use direct current power supply technology to solve the power supply and data backhaul problems.

5. The petrochemical high hazard environment shared pallet anti-explosion tracking alarm system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central processing and authority decision module includes a series of software components that work together, including: A position calculation engine component for calculating the position and speed of each tray in a three-dimensional coordinate system in real time based on ranging data received from the environment side accurate positioning and partition management module; An SDI verification and authority analysis component for requesting and verifying the authenticity and integrity of the SDI identity credentials of the target tray through a wireless communication link, and after verification, analyzing the corresponding standardized internal security level value; A rule decision engine for obtaining the current position and security level attribute of the tray, and comparing it with the security level requirements of the security area where the tray is located to determine whether there is a violation of the authority.

6. The petrochemical high hazard environment shared pallet explosion tracking alarm system of claim 5, wherein, The position solution engine component is embedded with a set of particle filter (PF) based multilateration algorithms, which take as input one-way ranging (OWR) data for the same pallet acquired from at least three different UWB ranging nodes, and combine the previous time state of the pallet to estimate in real time the current three-dimensional position coordinates, velocity vector and position estimation covariance matrix quantifying the current position solution confidence of the pallet; only when the covariance matrix is lower than a pre-set threshold, the current position solution result is determined as a high confidence position.

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