Efficient and energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filtering dust remover

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding fume dust removal equipment, and discloses an efficient energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filtering dust remover which comprises a primary filtering assembly, one end of the primary filtering assembly is communicated with a secondary filtering chamber, a third-stage filtering chamber is arranged on one side of the secondary filtering chamber, a filter element filtering assembly is arranged in the third-stage filtering chamber, and the other end of the primary filtering assembly is communicated with a second-stage filtering chamber. And a self-adaptive energy-saving driving assembly is arranged above the filter element filtering assembly. According to the efficient energy-saving type welding fume multi-stage filtering dust remover, fume parameters are monitored in real time through the laser dust sensor and the ozone concentration sensor, the control box dynamically adjusts the rotating speed of the centrifugal fan, low-load operation at low concentration and high-load operation at high concentration are achieved, and energy consumption is greatly reduced. According to the efficient energy-saving type welding fume multi-stage filtering dust remover, a multi-stage filtering structure of primary filtering, two-stage adsorption, one-stage fine filtering and three-stage fine filtering is adopted, metal particles with different particle sizes are intercepted in a targeted mode, harmful gas is degraded and adsorbed, and the filtering performance is remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding fume dust removal equipment, in particular to a high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filter dust collector. BACKGROUND

[0002] The smoke generated in the process of electric welding has complex components, including metal oxide particles, welding fume, and toxic gas. The traditional electric welding fume dust collector is difficult to meet the needs of high-concentration and multi-component electric welding fume purification due to its simple structure design.

[0003] The traditional equipment is mostly combined with a single-stage filter cartridge and a fixed fan structure, and has short and single filtering path, few filtering levels, and cannot remove different particle size fume particles, especially the fine metal particles which can easily penetrate the filter material, and the ozone gas cannot be effectively adsorbed. In order to ensure a certain filtering efficiency, the traditional equipment fan often uses a high-wind-pressure and high-flow fan, which leads to high energy consumption. When facing the welding fume with intermittent and high-concentration fluctuations, the energy consumption is excessive at low concentration, which wastes energy. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filter dust collector to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filter dust collector, comprising a dust collector shell, a spark catcher is arranged on one side of the dust collector shell, a telescopic arm assembly is fixed at the bottom of the spark catcher, a first-stage filter chamber is communicated with one side of the spark catcher, a primary filter assembly is arranged in the first-stage filter chamber, a second-stage filter chamber is communicated with one end of the primary filter assembly, a third-stage filter chamber is arranged on one side of the second-stage filter chamber, a filter core filter assembly is arranged in the third-stage filter chamber, and a self-adaptive energy-saving driving assembly is arranged above the filter core filter assembly. Symmetrical dust collection cars are arranged at the bottom of the dust collector shell, and a control box and a junction box are arranged on the side surface of the dust collector shell. The primary filter assembly comprises a metal frame, a stainless steel fiber felt, a titanium dioxide photocatalytic film, a fixed channel, a rubber rim, and a clamp, the rubber rim is attached to one end of the fixed channel, the stainless steel fiber felt is nested on the outer side of the metal frame, and the titanium dioxide photocatalytic film is attached to the inner side of the metal frame. The stainless steel fiber felt on the outer side of the metal frame can intercept large and medium-sized metal particles in the welding fume, and the titanium dioxide catalytic film on the inner side of the metal frame can degrade part of the ozone gas. The primary filter assembly can be quickly replaced by unloading the screw twist on the clamp, which is convenient and fast.

[0006] The adaptive energy-saving driving assembly comprises a centrifugal fan, a laser dust sensor and an ozone concentration sensor, the centrifugal fan is internally provided with a primary impeller and a secondary impeller and is coaxially connected with a motor of the centrifugal fan, the primary impeller blade is of a front-bending structure, and the secondary impeller blade is of a rear-bending structure.

[0007] When the centrifugal fan rotates, the motor drives the primary impeller and the secondary impeller to rotate synchronously, the front-bending structure of the primary impeller blade can improve the air suction amount to quickly capture the welding fume, and the rear-bending structure of the secondary impeller blade can improve the air pressure of the centrifugal fan, thereby overcoming the resistance suffered by the multi-stage filtering unit, realizing the collaborative output of high air volume and high air pressure at the same rotating speed through the differential design of the blade parameters, and improving the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector.

[0008] Further, the fixed channel is in communication with the primary filtering chamber and the secondary filtering chamber, one end of the metal frame is embedded in the fixed channel, the rubber edge covers the outer side of the metal frame, the clamp is clamped on the outer side of the rubber edge, and the ozone concentration sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the primary filtering chamber through screws.

[0009] Further, the telescopic arm assembly comprises a threaded cylinder, a folding pipe, a smoke cylinder, a smoke suction head, a fixed arm and a connecting piece, the threaded cylinder is threadedly connected with the bottom end of the spark catcher, the folding pipe is installed between the threaded cylinder and the smoke cylinder, between the smoke cylinders and between the smoke suction head and the smoke cylinder, the fixed arm is respectively welded on the side surface of the threaded cylinder, the smoke cylinder and the smoke suction head, and the laser dust sensor penetrates through the smoke suction head and is fixed through bolts.

[0010] Further, the connecting piece comprises a connecting block, damping rubber and a limiting shaft, the limiting shaft penetrates through both ends of the connecting block and is fastened through bolts, one end of the fixed arm is connected with the limiting shaft and rotationally matched, and the damping rubber is abutted between the connecting block and the fixed arm.

[0011] The smoke cylinder is pulled to drive the fixed arm to rotate around the limiting shaft on the connecting block, the damping rubber can fix the fixed arm at any time due to the friction after rotation, meanwhile, the telescopic arm can be adjusted in extension length through the telescopic property of the folding pipe, and then the smoke suction head is rotated to align the position where the welding fume is generated, so that the welding fume is sucked at a close distance, the adjustment is convenient and fast, and the working efficiency of the dust collector is greatly improved.

[0012] Further, the laser dust sensor and the ozone concentration sensor are electrically connected with a control box, and the control box is electrically connected with the centrifugal fan.

[0013] The centrifugal fan continuously extracts the air in the ventilation chamber, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the dust collector, and then the negative pressure of the suction head is generated, the welding fume is sucked into the first filtering chamber, the laser dust sensor on the suction head emits laser to the incoming welding fume, the laser irradiates the welding fume particles and generates heat dissipation, the photoelectric receiver of the sensor receives the scattered light signal and feeds back to the control box, and the ozone concentration sensor in the first filtering chamber continuously monitors the ozone concentration and feeds back to the control box, the control box analyzes the welding fume particle concentration and the ozone concentration according to the data signal and adjusts the motor speed of the centrifugal fan, when the smoke concentration is low, low-load operation is carried out, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy-saving effect is achieved, and when the concentration is high, high-load operation is carried out, to ensure that the high-concentration smoke is captured in time at the moment of arc striking.

[0014] Further, a filter plate is arranged between the secondary filtering chamber and the tertiary filtering chamber, and the filter plate is provided with a plurality of activated carbon adsorption cylinders, and the activated carbon adsorption cylinders are columnar carbon impregnated with potassium permanganate.

[0015] The welding fume enters the secondary filtering chamber, and the activated carbon adsorption cylinders on the filter plate adsorb residual ozone, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide and other gases, and the activated carbon adsorption cylinders impregnated with potassium permanganate as a strong oxidizing agent can oxidize and decompose part of the adsorbed pollutants into harmless substances, avoiding the release of pollutants again after saturation in the pores of the activated carbon, thereby prolonging the service life of the activated carbon.

[0016] Further, the filter core filtering assembly comprises a filter cartridge, a gas bag, an electromagnetic valve and a gas pipe, the filter cartridge is covered with basalt fiber needle felt on the outer layer, one end of the filter cartridge is fixed on the inner wall of the dust collector shell, and the other end is communicated with the ventilation chamber, and the gas bag is fixed on the inner wall of the ventilation chamber by screws.

[0017] Further, electromagnetic valves are arranged on both sides of the gas bag, the electromagnetic valves are connected with the gas pipe, the gas pipe is arranged on one side of the opening of the filter cartridge, and the ventilation chamber is communicated with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan.

[0018] The welding fume enters the tertiary filtering chamber, and the basalt fiber needle felt on the filter cartridge filters out the tiny metal particles, the filtered clean gas is sucked into the ventilation chamber and then discharged from the dust collector, thereby achieving the multi-stage filtering effect and greatly improving the filtering performance of the dust collector, and when the particles on the filter cartridge and the primary filtering assembly accumulate too much after a long time of filtering, the interval opening time of the electromagnetic valve can be set through the control box, when the electromagnetic valve is opened, the high-pressure gas in the gas bag is sprayed from the gas pipe to impact the opening of the filter cartridge, so that the dust on the filter cartridge is shaken into the dust collecting car by the impact airflow.

[0019] Further, the primary filtering chamber is additionally provided with a cyclone centrifugal separation assembly, which comprises a separation chamber, a through pipe, a centrifugal pipe, spiral guide vanes, a conical guide cylinder, an arc-shaped fixing frame, a spiral cover and an ash collection car cover.

[0020] Further, a plurality of groups of spiral guide vanes are welded on the inner wall of the centrifugal pipe, the spiral guide vanes are provided with a conical guide cylinder at the center, a plurality of inclined guide holes are formed in the outer wall of the conical guide cylinder, the spiral cover is nested on the outside of the pipe opening of the centrifugal pipe and abuts against the top of the conical guide cylinder, the conical guide cylinder communicates with the primary filtering chamber, the arc-shaped fixing frame is sleeved on the outer wall of the centrifugal pipe and is fixed on the primary filtering chamber by screws, the ash collection car cover is fixed on the ash collection car below the centrifugal pipe by screws, and the lower end of the centrifugal pipe is connected with the ash collection car cover.

[0021] When the working environment of the dust collector is large-scale continuous operation, in order to avoid the blockage caused by the heavy filtering load of the primary filtering assembly, the cyclone centrifugal separation assembly is additionally arranged in the primary filtering chamber, the welding fume first enters the separation chamber through the spark trap, then enters the centrifugal pipe through the through pipe, the spiral guide vanes on the centrifugal pipe make the flue gas enter along the tangent to form a primary cyclone, then the guide holes formed in the outer wall of the conical guide cylinder at the center can guide part of the flue gas to form a secondary reverse cyclone, the double centrifugal force is used to strengthen the separation of large-diameter metal particles, and the large particles on the inner wall of the centrifugal pipe under the action of the centrifugal force fall to the ash collection car below the ash collection car cover for collection. This setting can remove the large-diameter metal particles in the welding fume, thereby reducing the filtering load of other filtering components and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filtering dust collector, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filtering dust collector can realize low-load operation at low concentration and high-load operation at high concentration by real-time monitoring of flue gas parameters by the laser dust sensor and the ozone concentration sensor, dynamic adjustment of the rotation speed of the centrifugal fan by the control box, and differential blade design of the primary impeller and the secondary impeller to realize high air volume and high air pressure at the same rotation speed, so that high-concentration flue gas can be quickly captured, multi-stage filtering resistance can be overcome, and purification effect and energy-saving effect can be considered.

[0023] 2、The high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multistage filter dust collector adopts the multistage filtering structure of primary filtering, secondary adsorption and primary and tertiary precision filtering, specifically intercepts metal particles of different particle sizes, degrades and adsorbs harmful gas, significantly improves the filtering performance, the added cyclone centrifugal separation assembly can separate large particles in advance, reduces the subsequent filtering load, cooperates with the gas pocket back flushing self-cleaning system and the quick replacement design of the primary filtering assembly, prolongs the service life of the filter material, reduces the maintenance frequency, and guarantees long-term stable operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is an external structure schematic view of the application; Figure 2 It is a local structure schematic view of the application; Figure 3 It is an internal structure schematic view of the application; Figure 4 It is a telescopic arm assembly structure schematic view of the application; Figure 5 It is a connecting block structure schematic view of the application; Figure 6 It is a primary filtering assembly structure schematic view of the application; Figure 7 It is a filtering plate structure schematic view of the application; Figure 8 It is a filter core filtering assembly structure schematic view of the application; Figure 9 It is a centrifugal fan structure schematic view of the application; Figure 10 It is a cyclone centrifugal separation assembly structure schematic view of the application; Figure 11 It is a centrifugal pipe internal structure schematic view of the application.

[0025] In the drawings: 1, dust collector shell; 2, spark catcher; 3, telescopic arm assembly; 4, primary filter assembly; 5, filter plate; 6, filter core filter assembly; 7, self-adaptive energy-saving drive assembly; 8, cyclone centrifugal separation assembly; 11, first-stage filter chamber; 12, second-stage filter chamber; 13, third-stage filter chamber; 14, dust collection car; 15, control box; 16, junction box; 17, ventilation chamber; 31, threaded cylinder; 32, folding pipe; 33, smoke pipe; 34, smoke suction head; 35, fixed arm; 36, damping rubber; 37, limiting shaft; 38, connecting block; 41, metal frame; 42, stainless steel fiber felt; 43, titanium dioxide photocatalytic film; 44, fixed channel; 45, rubber rim; 46, clamp; 51, activated carbon adsorption cylinder; 61, filter cartridge; 62, gas pocket; 63, electromagnetic valve; 64, air pipe; 71, centrifugal fan; 72, laser dust sensor; 73, ozone concentration sensor; 81, separation chamber; 82, through pipe; 83, centrifugal pipe; 84, spiral guide vane; 85, conical guide cylinder; 86, arc-shaped fixing frame; 87, spiral cover; 88, dust collection car cover; 711, primary impeller; 712, secondary impeller; 851, guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Embodiment one

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-9 A high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage filter dust collector for welding fume, comprising a dust collector shell 1, a spark catcher 2 is arranged on one side of the dust collector shell 1, a telescopic arm assembly 3 is fixed to the bottom of the spark catcher 2, a first-stage filter chamber 11 is communicated with one side of the spark catcher 2, the first-stage filter chamber 11 is provided with a primary filter assembly 4, one end of the primary filter assembly 4 is communicated with a second-stage filter chamber 12, the second-stage filter chamber 12 is provided with a third-stage filter chamber 13 on one side, the third-stage filter chamber 13 is internally provided with a filter core filter assembly 6, and a self-adaptive energy-saving drive assembly 7 is arranged above the filter core filter assembly 6; A dust collection car 14 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the dust collector shell 1, and a control box 15 and a junction box 16 are arranged on the side surface of the dust collector shell 1; The primary filter assembly 4 comprises a metal frame 41, a stainless steel fiber felt 42, a titanium dioxide photocatalytic film 43, a fixed channel 44, a rubber rim 45, and a clamp 46, the rubber rim 45 is attached to one end of the fixed channel 44, the stainless steel fiber felt 42 is nested on the outer side of the metal frame 41, and the titanium dioxide photocatalytic film 43 is pasted on the inner side of the metal frame 41; The stainless steel fiber felt 42 outside the metal frame 41 can intercept large and medium-sized metal particles in the welding fume, and the titanium dioxide catalytic film 43 inside the metal frame 41 can degrade part of the ozone gas. The primary filter assembly 4 can be quickly replaced by the screw twist on the unloading clamp 46, which is convenient and fast.

[0028] The adaptive energy-saving drive assembly 7 includes a centrifugal fan 71, a laser dust sensor 72, and an ozone concentration sensor 73. The centrifugal fan 71 is internally provided with a primary impeller 711 and a secondary impeller 712, both of which are coaxially connected with the motor of the centrifugal fan 71. The blades of the primary impeller 711 are of a front-bending structure, and the blades of the secondary impeller 712 are of a rear-bending structure.

[0029] When the centrifugal fan 71 rotates, the motor thereon drives the primary impeller 711 and the secondary impeller 712 to rotate synchronously. The front-bending blade structure of the primary impeller 711 can increase the suction volume to quickly capture the welding fume, and the rear-bending structure of the secondary impeller blade can increase the wind pressure of the centrifugal fan 71, thereby overcoming the resistance received by the multi-stage filter unit. Through the differential design of the blade parameters, the centrifugal fan 71 can realize the collaborative output of high air volume and high air pressure at the same speed, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector.

[0030] Further, the fixed channel 44 communicates the primary filter chamber 11 and the secondary filter chamber 12. The metal frame 41 is embedded in the fixed channel 44 at one end, the rubber rim 45 covers the outside of the metal frame 41, the clamp 46 is clamped outside the rubber rim 45, and the ozone concentration sensor 73 is fixed on the inner wall of the primary filter chamber 11 by screws.

[0031] Further, the telescopic arm assembly 3 includes a threaded cylinder 31, a folding pipe 32, a smoke cylinder 33, a smoke suction head 34, a fixed arm 35, and a connecting piece. The threaded cylinder 31 is connected with the bottom end of the spark catcher 2 through threads. The folding pipe 32 is installed between the threaded cylinder 31 and the smoke cylinder 33, between the smoke cylinders 33, and between the smoke suction head 34 and the smoke cylinder 33. The fixed arm 35 is respectively welded on the side surface of the threaded cylinder 31, the smoke cylinder 33, and the smoke suction head 34. The laser dust sensor 72 penetrates through the smoke suction head 34 and is fixed by bolts.

[0032] Further, the connecting piece includes a connecting block 38, a damping rubber 36, and a limiting shaft 37. The limiting shaft 37 penetrates through both ends of the connecting block 38 and is tightly fixed by bolts. One end of the fixed arm 35 is connected with the limiting shaft 37 and rotates in cooperation. The damping rubber 36 abuts between the connecting block 38 and the fixed arm 35.

[0033] Pull the smoke cylinder 33, the smoke cylinder 33 drives the fixed arm 35 to rotate around the limiting shaft 37 on the connecting block 38, the damping rubber 36 can make the fixed arm 35 fixed at any time after rotation due to friction, at the same time, the telescopic arm can be adjusted in extension length by using the telescopic property of the folding pipe 32, and then the smoke suction head 34 is rotated to align the position where the welding smoke is generated, so that the welding smoke is sucked at close range, the adjustment is convenient and fast, and the working efficiency of the dust collector is greatly improved.

[0034] Further, the laser dust sensor 72 and the ozone concentration sensor 73 are electrically connected to the control box 15, and the control box 15 is electrically connected to the centrifugal fan 71.

[0035] The centrifugal fan 71 continuously draws air in the ventilation chamber 17, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the dust collector, and then the smoke suction head 34 generates negative pressure, the welding smoke is sucked into the first-stage filtering chamber 11, the laser dust sensor 72 on the smoke suction head 34 emits laser to irradiate the entering welding smoke, the welding smoke particles are heated after being irradiated by the laser, the photoelectric receiver of the sensor receives the scattered light signal and feeds back to the control box 15, at the same time, the ozone concentration sensor 73 in the first-stage filtering chamber 11 continuously monitors the ozone concentration and feeds back to the control box 15, the control box 15 analyzes the welding smoke particle concentration and the ozone concentration according to the data signal and adjusts the motor speed of the centrifugal fan 71, when the smoke concentration is low, the centrifugal fan 71 is operated at low load, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy-saving effect is achieved, when the concentration is high, the centrifugal fan 71 is operated at high load, and the high-concentration smoke generated at the arc striking moment of electric welding is ensured to be captured in time.

[0036] Further, the filter plate 5 is arranged between the second-stage filtering chamber 12 and the third-stage filtering chamber 13, and the filter plate 5 is provided with a plurality of activated carbon adsorption cylinders 51, and the activated carbon adsorption cylinders 51 are columnar carbon impregnated with potassium permanganate.

[0037] The welding smoke enters the second-stage filtering chamber 12, and the activated carbon adsorption cylinders 51 on the filter plate 5 adsorb residual ozone, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide and other gases, and the potassium permanganate impregnated in the activated carbon adsorption cylinders 51 acts as a strong oxidizing agent and can oxidize and decompose part of the adsorbed pollutants into harmless substances, avoiding the release of pollutants again after saturation in the pores of the activated carbon and prolonging the service life of the activated carbon.

[0038] Further, the filter core filtering assembly 6 includes a filter cylinder 61, a gas pocket 62, an electromagnetic valve 63 and a gas pipe 64, the filter cylinder 61 is covered with basalt fiber needle felt on the outer layer, one end of the filter cylinder 61 is fixed on the inner wall of the dust collector shell 1, and the other end is communicated with the ventilation chamber 17, and the gas pocket 62 is fixed on the inner wall of the ventilation chamber 17 by screws.

[0039] Further, the electromagnetic valves 63 are arranged on both sides of the gas pocket 62, the electromagnetic valves 63 are connected to the gas pipe 64, the gas pipe 64 is arranged on one side of the opening of the filter cylinder 61, and the ventilation chamber 17 is communicated with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 71.

[0040] The welding smoke enters the tertiary filter chamber 13, and the tiny metal particles are filtered out by the basalt fiber needle felt on the filter cartridge 61. The filtered clean gas is drawn into the ventilation chamber 17 and then discharged from the dust collector, completing the multi-stage filtration effect and greatly improving the filtration performance of the dust collector. After a long period of filtration, when too many particles accumulate on the filter cartridge 61 and the primary filter assembly 4, the intermittent opening time of the solenoid valve 63 can be set through the control box 15. When the solenoid valve 63 is opened, the high-pressure gas in the air bag 62 is ejected from the air pipe 64 to impact the opening of the filter cartridge 61, thereby using the impact airflow to shake the dust on the filter cartridge 61 into the dust collection vehicle 14. Example 2

[0041] See also Figure 10 、 Figure 11 The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a cyclone centrifugal separation assembly 8 is additionally provided inside the primary filter chamber 11. The cyclone centrifugal separation assembly 8 includes a separation chamber 81, a through pipe 82, a centrifugal tube 83, a spiral guide plate 84, a conical guide cylinder 85, an arc-shaped fixing frame 86, a spiral cover 87 and an ash collection vehicle cover 88. The separation chamber 81 is fixed to the inner wall of the primary filter chamber 11 and covers the connection point of the spark arrester 2. The through pipe 82 is connected between the centrifugal tube 83 and the separation chamber 81.

[0042] Furthermore, several groups of spiral guide plates 84 are welded on the inner wall of the centrifugal tube 83, and a conical guide tube 85 is provided in the center of the spiral guide plate 84. Several inclined guide holes 851 are opened on the outer wall of the conical guide tube 85, and the spiral cover 87 is nested on the outer side of the centrifugal tube 83 and abuts the top of the conical guide tube 85. The conical guide tube 85 is connected to the primary filter chamber 11. The arc-shaped fixing frame 86 is sleeved on the outer wall of the centrifugal tube 83 and fixed to the primary filter chamber 11 by screws. The ash collecting car cover 88 is fixed by screws to cover the ash collecting car 14 located below the centrifugal tube 83, and the lower end of the centrifugal tube 83 is connected to the ash collecting car cover 88.

[0043] When the working environment of the dust collector is large-scale continuous operation, in order to avoid blockage caused by the heavy filtering load of the primary filter component 4, a cyclone centrifugal separation component 8 is added to the first-level filter chamber 11. The welding smoke first enters the separation chamber 81 through the spark arrester 2, and then enters the centrifugal tube 83 through the through pipe 82. The spiral guide plate 84 on the centrifugal tube 83 allows the smoke to enter along the tangent to form a first-level cyclone. Then, the guide hole 851 opened on the outer wall of the conical guide tube 85 in the center can guide part of the smoke to form a second-level reverse cyclone, and use double centrifugal force to enhance the separation of large-size metal particles. The large particles thrown to the inner wall of the centrifugal tube 83 by the centrifugal force fall to the ash collecting vehicle 14 under the ash collecting vehicle cover 88 due to gravity for collection. This setting can remove large metal particles in the welding smoke, thereby reducing the filtering load of other filter components and extending the life of the equipment.

[0044] The specific use and role of the embodiment are as follows: In use, first, the device is moved to the vicinity of the welding fume, then the smoke cylinder 33 is pulled, the smoke cylinder 33 drives the fixed arm 35 to rotate around the limiting shaft 37 on the connecting block 38, the damping rubber 36 can fix the fixed arm 35 at any time after rotation due to the friction effect, meanwhile, the telescopic arm can be adjusted in extension length through the telescopic property of the folding pipe 32, then the smoke suction head 34 is rotated to align the position where the welding fume is generated, thereby the welding fume is sucked at a close distance, the adjustment is convenient and fast, and the working efficiency of the dust collector is greatly improved.

[0045] After the adjustment is completed, the centrifugal fan 71 is started, the centrifugal fan 71 continuously extracts the air in the ventilation chamber 17, thereby the internal pressure of the dust collector is reduced, then the smoke suction head 34 generates negative pressure, the welding fume is sucked into the primary filtering chamber 11, the laser dust sensor 72 on the smoke suction head 34 emits laser to irradiate the welding fume entering, the welding fume particles are heated after being irradiated by the laser, the photoelectric receiver of the sensor receives the scattered light signal, and feeds back to the control box 15, meanwhile, the ozone concentration sensor 73 in the primary filtering chamber 11 continuously monitors the ozone concentration and feeds back to the control box 15, the control box 15 analyzes the welding fume particle concentration and the ozone concentration according to the data signal, and adjusts the motor rotating speed of the centrifugal fan 71, when the smoke concentration is low, low-load operation is performed, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy saving effect is achieved, when the concentration is high, high-load operation is performed, and the high-concentration smoke gas at the arc striking moment of electric welding is ensured to be captured in time.

[0046] When the centrifugal fan 71 rotates, the motor thereon drives the primary impeller 711 and the secondary impeller 712 to rotate synchronously, the front-bending blade structure of the primary impeller 711 can improve the air suction amount to achieve the effect of quickly capturing the electric welding fume, and the rear-bending structure of the secondary impeller blade can improve the air pressure of the centrifugal fan 71, thereby the resistance received by the multi-stage filtering unit can be overcome, through the differential design of the blade parameters, the collaborative output of high air volume and high air pressure is realized under the same rotating speed, and the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector is improved.

[0047] When the welding fume enters the primary filtering chamber 11, it is first filtered by the primary filtering assembly 4, the stainless steel fiber felt 42 outside the metal frame 41 can intercept large and medium-sized metal particles in the welding fume, and the titanium dioxide catalytic film 43 inside the metal frame 41 can degrade part of the ozone and other gases, then the welding fume enters the secondary filtering chamber 12, the activated carbon adsorption cylinder 51 on the filtering plate 5 adsorbs the residual ozone, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide and other gases, meanwhile, the high potassium permanganate immersed in the activated carbon adsorption cylinder 51 as a strong oxidizing agent can oxidize and decompose part of the adsorbed pollutants into harmless substances, avoiding the release of pollutants again after saturation in the activated carbon pores, and prolonging the service life of the activated carbon.

[0048] Subsequently, the welding fume enters the third filtering chamber 13, and the tiny metal particles are filtered by the basalt fiber needle felt on the filter cartridge 61, and the filtered clean gas is sucked into the ventilation chamber 17 and then discharged from the dust collector, thereby achieving the multi-stage filtering effect and greatly improving the filtering performance of the dust collector. When the particles on the filter cartridge 61 and the primary filtering assembly 4 are accumulated too much after a long time of filtering, the interval opening time of the electromagnetic valve 63 can be set through the control box 15. When the electromagnetic valve 63 is opened, the high-pressure gas in the air pocket 62 is sprayed from the air pipe 64 to impact the opening of the filter cartridge 61, so that the dust on the filter cartridge 61 is shaken into the dust collection car 14 by the impact airflow. The primary filtering assembly 4 can be quickly replaced by the screw twist of the unloading clamp 46, which is convenient and fast.

[0049] When the dust collector is in a working environment of large-scale continuous operation, in order to avoid the blockage caused by the heavy filtering load of the primary filtering assembly 4, the cyclone centrifugal separation assembly 8 is additionally arranged in the first filtering chamber 11. The welding fume first enters the separation chamber 81 through the spark catcher 2, and then enters the centrifugal pipe 83 through the through pipe 82. The spiral guide vanes 84 on the centrifugal pipe 83 make the smoke gas enter along the tangent to form a primary cyclone, and then the guide holes 851 on the outer wall of the central conical guide cylinder 85 can guide part of the smoke gas to form a secondary reverse cyclone. The double centrifugal force is used to strengthen the separation of large-diameter metal particles. The large particles on the inner wall of the centrifugal pipe 83 are thrown by the centrifugal force and fall to the dust collection car 14 under the dust collection car cover 88 for collection. This setting can remove the large-diameter metal particles in the welding fume, thereby reducing the filtering load of other filtering components and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter and dust collector, comprising a dust collector shell (1), characterized in that: The dust remover shell (1) is provided with a spark catcher (2) on one side, the bottom of the spark catcher (2) is fixed with a telescopic arm assembly (3), one side of the spark catcher (2) is communicated with a first-stage filter chamber (11), the first-stage filter chamber (11) is provided with a primary filter assembly (4), one end of the primary filter assembly (4) is communicated with a second-stage filter chamber (12), one side of the second-stage filter chamber (12) is provided with a third-stage filter chamber (13), the third-stage filter chamber (13) is internally provided with a filter core filter assembly (6), the top of the filter core filter assembly (6) is provided with a self-adaptive energy-saving drive assembly (7); The bottom of the dust remover shell (1) is symmetrically provided with a dust collecting cart (14), and the side of the dust remover shell (1) is provided with a control box (15) and a junction box (16); The primary filter assembly (4) comprises a metal frame (41), a stainless steel fiber felt (42), a titanium dioxide photocatalytic film (43), a fixed channel (44), a rubber rim (45) and a clamp (46), the rubber rim (45) is attached to one end of the fixed channel (44), the stainless steel fiber felt (42) is nested on the outer side of the metal frame (41), and the titanium dioxide photocatalytic film (43) is attached to the inner side of the metal frame (41); The self-adaptive energy-saving drive assembly (7) comprises a centrifugal fan (71), a laser dust sensor (72) and an ozone concentration sensor (73), the centrifugal fan (71) is internally provided with a primary impeller (711) and a secondary impeller (712) and is coaxially connected with the motor of the centrifugal fan (71), the blades of the primary impeller (711) are of a front-bending structure, and the blades of the secondary impeller (712) are of a rear-bending structure.

2. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed channel (44) is communicated with the first-stage filter chamber (11) and the second-stage filter chamber (12), one end of the metal frame (41) is embedded in the fixed channel (44), the rubber rim (45) covers the outer side of the metal frame (41), the clamp (46) is clamped on the outer side of the rubber rim (45), and the ozone concentration sensor (73) is fixed on the inner wall of the first-stage filter chamber (11) by screws.

3. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic arm assembly (3) comprises a threaded cylinder (31), a folding pipe (32), a smoke cylinder (33), a smoke suction head (34), a fixed arm (35) and a connecting piece, the threaded cylinder (31) is threadedly connected with the bottom end of the spark catcher (2), the folding pipe (32) is installed between the threaded cylinder (31) and the smoke cylinder (33), between the smoke cylinders (33) and between the smoke suction head (34) and the smoke cylinder (33), the fixed arm (35) is respectively welded on the side surface of the threaded cylinder (31), the smoke cylinder (33) and the smoke suction head (34), and the laser dust sensor (72) penetrates through the smoke suction head (34) and is fixed by bolts.

4. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting piece comprises a connecting block (38), a damping rubber (36), and a limiting shaft (37), the limiting shaft (37) penetrates through the connecting block (38) at both ends and is fastened by bolts, one end of the fixed arm (35) is connected with the limiting shaft (37) and is rotationally fitted, and the damping rubber (36) abuts between the connecting block (38) and the fixed arm (35).

5. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser dust sensor (72) and the ozone concentration sensor (73) are electrically connected to the control box (15), and the control box (15) is electrically connected to the centrifugal fan (71).

6. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter plate (5) is arranged between the secondary filtering chamber (12) and the tertiary filtering chamber (13), the filter plate (5) is provided with a plurality of activated carbon adsorption cylinders (51), and the activated carbon adsorption cylinders (51) are columnar carbon impregnated with potassium permanganate.

7. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter core filtering assembly (6) comprises a filter cylinder (61), an air bag (62), an electromagnetic valve (63), and an air pipe (64), the filter cylinder (61) is covered with basalt fiber needle felt on the outer layer, one end of the filter cylinder (61) is fixed on the inner wall of the dust collector shell (1), the other end is communicated with the ventilation chamber (17), and the air bag (62) is fixed on the inner wall of the ventilation chamber (17) by screws.

8. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air bag (62) is provided with the electromagnetic valve (63) on both sides, the electromagnetic valve (63) is connected with the air pipe (64), the air pipe (64) is arranged on one side of the opening of the filter cylinder (61), and the ventilation chamber (17) is communicated with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan (71).

9. The high-efficiency energy-saving welding fume multi-stage filtering dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone centrifugal separation assembly (8) is additionally arranged in the primary filtering chamber (11), the cyclone centrifugal separation assembly (8) comprises a separation chamber (81), a through pipe (82), a centrifugal pipe (83), spiral guide vanes (84), a conical guide cylinder (85), an arc-shaped fixing frame (86), a spiral cover (87), and a dust collection car cover (88), the separation chamber (81) is fixed on the inner wall of the primary filtering chamber (11) and covers the communication position of the spark trap (2), and the through pipe (82) is connected between the centrifugal pipe (83) and the separation chamber (81).

10. The high-efficiency energy-saving multi-stage welding fume filter according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of spiral guide vanes (84) are welded on the inner wall of the centrifugal pipe (83), the conical guide cylinder (85) is arranged at the center of the spiral guide vanes (84), a plurality of inclined guide holes (851) are formed in the outer wall of the conical guide cylinder (85), the spiral cover (87) is nested on the outer side of the pipe opening of the centrifugal pipe (83) and abuts the top of the conical guide cylinder (85), the conical guide cylinder (85) is communicated with the primary filtering chamber (11), the arc-shaped fixing frame (86) is sleeved on the outer wall of the centrifugal pipe (83) and is fixed on the primary filtering chamber (11) by screws, the dust collection car cover (88) is fixed on the dust collection car (14) below the centrifugal pipe (83) by screws, and the lower end of the centrifugal pipe (83) is connected with the dust collection car cover (88).

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