Simulation device for geological structure deformation

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device for geologic structure deformation. The simulation device comprises a carrying box, a sliding device, an inner migration assembly and a shakeout deposition mechanism, the inner transporting assembly extends into the carrying box; the shakeout deposition mechanism comprises a sand guide pipe, a section pipe, a guide shaft and a limiting strip; the sand guide pipe is connected above the carrying box through a sliding device; a sand inlet and a sand outlet are respectively formed in the upper and lower ends of the sand guide pipe; a high-pressure airflow opening is formed in one side of the sand guide pipe; the section pipe is arranged in the sand guide pipe and can slide in the sand guide pipe, and a channel communicated with the sand inlet is arranged between the section pipe and the sand guide pipe; a guide shaft is fixed in the sand guide pipe, is arranged above the section pipe and can be used for blocking the inlet end of the section pipe; a limiting strip is sleeved outside the section pipe, and a limiting part corresponding to the limiting strip is arranged on the inner wall of the sand guide pipe. According to different geological conditions, different spraying states of sand grains are achieved by controlling the shakeout deposition mechanism, the phenomenon of inconsistent deposition rates caused by geological deformation complexity under deposition simulation is truly reduced, and the simulation result is accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological experiment simulation, in particular to a simulation device for geological structure deformation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The structural deformation simulation is an important experimental method and technical method for studying the geological structure deformation. In recent years, the structural geologists at home and abroad pay great attention to the study of the structural deformation process of sedimentary facies, and restore the sedimentation process of the natural sediment in the laboratory through the indoor simulation and the simulation of the actual sedimentary conditions. The sedimentation process of the natural sediment in the laboratory not only can more directly understand the formation and development process of the sedimentary facies, enrich the theoretical knowledge, but also can predict the space-time distribution of the sedimentary facies and guide the oil and gas exploration.

[0003] The sand box structure physical simulation is an important geological research method, which uses the sand box model to carry out the sedimentation simulation experiment, builds the simulated water tank or river model, and simulates the sedimentation conditions at that time, such as the sedimentation rate, so as to restore the formation process of the natural sedimentary facies in the laboratory, which has important significance for the research in the fields of geology and sedimentology. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a simulation device for geological structure deformation, and to provide a simulation device with controllable sedimentation rate.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: the present application provides a simulation device for geological structure deformation, which comprises a box carrier, a sliding device, an internal migration component and a sand falling and depositing mechanism.

[0006] The internal migration component extends into the box carrier, and is used for migrating the sand particles in the box carrier.

[0007] The sand falling and depositing mechanism comprises a sand guide pipe, a section pipe, a guide shaft and a limiting strip.

[0008] The sand guide pipe is connected to the upper side of the box carrier through the sliding device, and can horizontally reciprocate along the length direction of the box carrier.

[0009] The upper and lower ends of the sand guide pipe are respectively provided with a sand inlet and a sand outlet.

[0010] One side of the sand guide pipe is provided with a high-pressure gas flow port.

[0011] The section pipe is arranged in the sand guide pipe and can slide in the sand guide pipe, and a channel is arranged between the section pipe and the sand guide pipe and communicates with the sand inlet.

[0012] The guide shaft is fixed in the sand guide pipe, the guide shaft is arranged above the joint pipe, the inlet end of the joint pipe can be blocked, sand particles are transported to the sand outlet through the channel, and the sand particles are uniformly sprayed from the sand outlet;

[0013] The limiting strip is sleeved with the joint pipe, and the inner wall of the sand guide pipe is provided with a limiting portion corresponding to the limiting strip;

[0014] The high-pressure airflow port is used for conveying airflow with a preset pressure into the sand guide pipe, so that the sand particles in the sand guide pipe push the joint pipe to slide, the limiting strip is in sealing cooperation with the limiting portion, the joint pipe is in communication with the sand inlet, and the sand particles in the sand guide pipe are sprayed out from the outlet end of the joint pipe in a high-pressure spraying mode.

[0015] In one or some optional embodiments of the present application, the simulation device of geological structure deformation further comprises a flow diffuser;

[0016] The flow diffuser is in communication with the sand outlet;

[0017] A plurality of flow diffusion holes are uniformly distributed on the flow diffuser.

[0018] In one or some optional embodiments of the present application, a single-hole nozzle is fixed at the outlet end of the joint pipe.

[0019] In one or some optional embodiments of the present application, the joint pipe is elastically connected with the sand guide pipe.

[0020] In one or some optional embodiments of the present application, the simulation device of geological structure deformation comprises an experimental carrier, a hydraulic rod and a base arranged below the experimental carrier;

[0021] The carrying box is fixed to the experimental carrier;

[0022] The hydraulic rods are symmetrically arranged between the base and the experimental carrier.

[0023] In one or some optional embodiments of the present application, the sliding device comprises two upper connecting rods and at least one group of mounting racks;

[0024] The two upper connecting rods are respectively fixed to the two sides of the carrying box along the length direction and are arranged in parallel;

[0025] Each group of mounting racks comprises a rack rod and two connecting seats, the two connecting seats are respectively arranged on the corresponding upper connecting rods in a sliding mode, and the rack rod is connected between the two connecting seats;

[0026] A plurality of sand guide pipes are arranged on the rack rod.

[0027] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the internal conveying assembly comprises two telescopic driving devices and transmission mechanisms arranged in the loading box.

[0028] The two telescopic driving devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the loading box.

[0029] At least one set of the transmission mechanisms is connected between the two telescopic driving devices.

[0030] The telescopic driving devices can move in the horizontal direction to drive the transmission mechanisms to move, so as to convey the sand particles in the loading box.

[0031] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the telescopic driving device comprises a connecting column, a positioning seat, a support and a telescopic cylinder.

[0032] The connecting column is provided with the positioning seat which can slide horizontally.

[0033] The two sides of the positioning seat are respectively provided with the support and the telescopic cylinder.

[0034] The support extends into the loading box and is connected with the transmission mechanism.

[0035] The telescopic cylinder can drive the support to move in the horizontal direction to drive the transmission mechanism to move.

[0036] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the transmission mechanism comprises a wheel seat and a rubber belt, and a first main frame and a second main frame arranged vertically.

[0037] The first main frame and the second main frame are respectively connected with the supports arranged on the two sides of the loading box.

[0038] The first main frame and the second main frame are respectively connected with the supports arranged on the two sides of the loading box.

[0039] The rubber belt is sleeved on the wheel seat.

[0040] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the transmission mechanism further comprises a driving rod.

[0041] The first main frame and the second main frame are respectively connected with the supports arranged on the two sides of the loading box.

[0042] The driving rod is connected with the wheel seat, and the driving rod can be telescoped in the vertical direction.

[0043] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the transmission mechanism further comprises an adjusting wheel.

[0044] The adjusting wheel is elastically connected with the support;

[0045] The rubber belt is sleeved on the adjusting wheel.

[0046] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the wheel seat comprises a positioning shaft, a sliding shaft, a support rod, a fine adjustment telescopic rod and an outer convex edge.

[0047] The fine adjustment telescopic rod is connected between the positioning shaft and the sliding shaft.

[0048] The positioning shaft is provided with an inner cavity.

[0049] One end of the support rod is connected with the sliding shaft, and the other end of the support rod is slidably arranged in the inner cavity.

[0050] The outer periphery of the positioning shaft and the sliding shaft are both provided with the outer convex edge, and the rubber belt is limited between the outer convex edges.

[0051] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the outer wall of the rubber belt is provided with a raised mud blocking edge.

[0052] In one or some optional embodiments of the application, the carrying box is provided with a vibrator, and the carrying box stores bottom layer rocks.

[0053] The vibrator is in abutment with the bottom layer rocks, and the vibrator is used for changing the strain rate of the bottom layer rocks.

[0054] The above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0055] The application provides a simulation device for geological structure deformation, which comprises a sand falling and depositing mechanism, the sand falling and depositing mechanism comprises a sand guide pipe, a section pipe, a guide shaft and a limiting strip, a sand inlet and a sand outlet are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sand guide pipe respectively, the guide shaft is fixed in the sand guide pipe, a limiting part is arranged on the inner wall of the sand guide pipe corresponding to the limiting strip, and a high-pressure gas flow port is arranged on one side of the sand guide pipe. According to different geological conditions, different spraying states of sand particles are realized by controlling the sand falling and depositing mechanism, the phenomenon that the deposition rate is inconsistent due to the complexity of geological deformation in the simulation deposition is truly restored, and compared with the single control deposition rate mode of the prior art, the simulation result of the device is more accurate.

[0056] By arranging an internal migration component in the simulation device, the internal migration component extends into the carrying box, migration simulation can be carried out in the interior of the deposition layer formed by the sand particles, the deposition layer presents a plurality of complex trajectory migrations, and the control deposition layer structure deformation effect is achieved.

[0057] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or can be learned by practice of the application. The purposes and other advantages of the present application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

[0058] The technical solutions of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0059] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the description serve to explain the present application. In the drawings:

[0060] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the simulation device for geological structure deformation provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0061] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the base provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0062] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the sand dropping and depositing mechanism provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0063] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the sand guiding pipe provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0064] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the internal transport assembly provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0065] Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of the rubber belt provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0066] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the wheel seat provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0067] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0068] 1, experimental carrier; 11, base; 12, hydraulic rod; 2, box; 3, sand drop deposition mechanism; 31, upper connecting rod; 32, connecting seat; 33, frame rod; 34, sand guide pipe; 35, sand inlet; 36, flow diffuser; 37, high-pressure airflow port; 38, guide shaft; 39, limiting part; 4, internal transport assembly; 41, connecting column frame; 42, positioning seat; 43, telescopic cylinder; 44, drive rod; 45, bracket; 46, first main frame body; 47, rubber belt; 471, mud blocking edge; 48, adjusting wheel; 49, second main frame body; 5, section pipe; 51, single-hole nozzle; 52, limiting strip; 53, inner spring; 6, wheel seat; 61, positioning shaft; 62, sliding shaft; 63, support rod; 64, fine adjustment telescopic rod; 65, outer convex edge; 7, vibrator; 8, bottom rock; 9, deposition layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular sequences of steps, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, devices, and circuits are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

[0070] It is to be understood that the terminology "includes", "has", "holds", "contains" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification and in the following claims, indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0071] It is also to be understood that the terminology "and / or", when used in this specification and in the following claims, is intended to encompass the presence of one or more of the items listed and all possible combinations thereof.

[0072] As used in this specification and in the claims, the term "if" can be construed to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [a described condition or event] is detected" can be construed to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon [the described condition or event] being detected" or "in response to [the described condition or event] being detected", depending on the context.

[0073] In addition, in the description of the application and in the following claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for distinguishing between similar elements, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0074] Reference within the specification of this application to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," or other similar phrases in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but are intended to convey a particular feature, structure, or characteristic that is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter, but do not exclude other items from also being present. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter, but do not exclude other items from also being present.

[0075] It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step in the following embodiments does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the application.

[0076] In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following will be described by specific embodiments.

[0077] The inventor found that the existing sand box structure physical simulation can only single control the deposition rate of the sediment when performing the deposition simulation experiment, and in the real geological structure, due to the complexity of the geological deformation, the deposition rate is variable, and the sediment is not in a uniform spraying state all the time. The deposition simulation result of the existing sand box structure physical simulation is not accurate, and the phenomenon of inconsistent deposition rate caused by the complexity of the geological deformation in the deposition simulation cannot be truly restored.

[0078] In order to solve the above problems, the inventor has made further research and development, and made the present application, which provides a simulation device for geological structure deformation. The following will be described in detail by specific embodiments.

[0079] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The simulation device for geological structure deformation provided by the present application comprises a carrier box 2, a sliding device, an internal migration assembly 4 and a sand deposition mechanism 3. The carrier box 2 stores a bottom rock 8 formed by pressure molding, and the upper end surface of the carrier box 2 is provided with the sand deposition mechanism 3 in a suspended manner. The sand deposition mechanism 3 reciprocates horizontally along the length direction of the carrier box 2, and can transport sand particles into the carrier box 2. The sand particles are used to simulate the sediment, and form a sedimentary layer 9 on the bottom rock 8. The internal migration assembly 4 extends into the carrier box 2, and the part of the internal migration assembly 4 in the carrier box 2 is embedded in the sedimentary layer 9 formed by the sand particles, and is used to migrate the sand particles in the carrier box 2.

[0080] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4sand pipe 34 is connected to the upper side of the carrier box 2 by sliding device, and can slide horizontally along the length direction of the carrier box 2, and the upper and lower ends of the sand pipe 34 are respectively provided with a sand inlet 35 and a sand outlet (not shown in the figure), the sand inlet 35 is communicated with an external sand pump (not shown in the figure) by a pipe (not shown in the figure) to transport sand particles into the sand pipe 34. The section pipe 5 is arranged in the sand pipe 34 and can slide in the sand pipe 34, and a channel (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the section pipe 5 and the sand pipe 34 and communicated with the sand inlet 35. The guide shaft 38 is fixed in the sand pipe 34, and the guide shaft 38 is arranged above the section pipe 5 to block the inlet end of the section pipe 5, so that the sand particles are transported to the sand outlet by the channel and are uniformly sprayed from the sand outlet. The section pipe 5 is sleeved with a limiting strip 52, and the inner wall of the sand pipe 34 corresponds to the limiting strip 52 and is provided with a limiting portion 39, the longitudinal section shape of the limiting strip 52 can adopt a trapezoidal shape as shown in Figure 4 The limiting portion 39 protrudes from the inner wall of the sand pipe 34, and the shape of the inner wall of the limiting portion 39 is consistent with the shape of the outer wall of the limiting strip 52. A high-pressure gas flow port 37 is arranged on one side of the sand pipe 34, the high-pressure gas flow port 37 is connected with a device for conveying high-pressure gas flow (such as a gas compressor) in the prior art, and a gas flow with a predetermined pressure can be conveyed into the sand pipe 34 through the high-pressure gas flow port 37, so that the sand particles in the sand pipe 34 push the section pipe 5 to slide, the limiting strip 52 is in sealing cooperation with the limiting portion 39, and the section pipe 5 is communicated with the sand inlet 35, and the sand particles in the sand pipe 34 are sprayed out of the outlet end of the section pipe 5 in the form of high-pressure injection.

[0081] In use, for horizontal layered deposition simulation, the distribution of the sediment is uniform, so the spraying of the sand particles should be uniform, the high-pressure gas flow port 37 does not convey gas flow into the sand pipe 34, the sand particles are sequentially conveyed from the sand inlet 35, the channel between the section pipe 5 and the sand pipe 34 to the sand outlet, and are uniformly sprayed from the sand outlet to achieve the effect of uniformly distributed sediment (i.e. sand particles), and the deposition rate of the sand pipe 34 can be realized by controlling the external sand pump.

[0082] For fault zone deposition simulation, the simulation area includes a fault zone, when the sand pipe 34 passes through the vicinity of the fault zone, the corresponding position of the sand pipe 34 is closed or opened to simulate the uneven deposition of the fault zone.

[0083] For the simulation of the canyon or river, the impact force on the sediment is large, so when the simulation device is used to simulate this area, the gas flow with a preset pressure is sent to the sand guide pipe 34 through the high-pressure gas flow port 37, at this time the sand particles in the sand guide pipe 34 can push the section pipe 5 to slide vertically, so that the section pipe 5 is separated from the guide shaft 38, the inlet end of the section pipe 5 is in an open state, and the limiting strip 52 is in sealing fit with the limiting portion 39 to intercept the sand particles, the sand particles enter the inlet end of the section pipe 5 and are sprayed out at the outlet end of the section pipe 5 in a high-pressure jetting manner, thereby simulating the sediment at the canyon or river.

[0084] In this embodiment, the simulation device not only controls the deposition rate of the sediment as in the prior art, but also controls the different spraying states of the sand particles through the sand deposition mechanism 3 according to different geological conditions, truly restores the phenomenon that the deposition rate is inconsistent due to the complexity of the geological deformation in the simulation, and the simulation result is more accurate. Moreover, the internal migration component 4 is arranged, the migration simulation can be performed in the inside of the sediment layer 9 formed by the sand particles, the sediment layer 9 presents a plurality of complex trajectory migrations, and the construction deformation effect of the sediment layer 9 is achieved.

[0085] In this embodiment, when the bottom rock 8 is constructed, the rock properties, geological structure characteristics, dip angle, tendency, thickness, contact relationship, and possible faults and folds of the actual simulated stratum are considered, the geometric model of the bottom rock 8 is built according to the actual geological structure data, and the stratum properties of the simulated section are truly restored. In the simulation, the time scale of the geological process should be considered, that is, the simulation construction time is adjusted to be suitable. Meanwhile, the strain rate of the bottom rock 8 needs to be considered in the simulation process, a plurality of vibrators 7 are uniformly distributed in the load box 2, the vibrator 7 is in abutment with the bottom rock 8, the vibrator 7 simulates the stress loading and releasing process under natural conditions by generating a periodic mechanical vibration, adjusts the strain accumulation rate in the rock material, changes the strain rate of the bottom rock 8, and improves the simulation authenticity.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the simulation device further comprises an experimental carrier 1, a hydraulic rod 12, and a base 11 arranged below the experimental carrier 1, the load box 2 is fixed to the experimental carrier 1, and the hydraulic rod 12 is symmetrically arranged between the experimental carrier 1 and the base 11 and is inclined, so that the experimental carrier 1 can be inclined and deflected relative to the base 11, thereby in the sediment layer 9 construction simulation, the initial dip angle and tendency can be effectively changed by adjusting the extension degree of the hydraulic rod 12, the crustal uplift or subsidence can be restored, and the inclined stratified deposition can also be simulated, so that the simulation result is more accurate. Referring to Figure 2As shown, the simulation device can be provided with two groups of hydraulic rods 12, each group of hydraulic rods 12 can include hydraulic rods 12 arranged on the left and right sides of the base 11, and the two groups of hydraulic rods 12 are arranged along the length direction of the base 11. Here, in order to avoid the deflection angle being too large, the sand particles will roll and accumulate, which is not conducive to the experiment, the deflection angle range can be set to -20° to 20°.

[0087] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 The simulation device also includes a diffuser cover 36, which is connected to the sand outlet. A plurality of diffuser holes (not shown in the figure) are evenly distributed on the diffuser cover 36. The purpose of uniform spraying of sand particles is achieved by setting the diffuser cover 36.

[0088] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 The outlet end of the joint pipe 5 also passes through the diffuser 36. Figure 4 A single-hole nozzle 51 is fixed to the outlet end of the section pipe 5, and the sand particles are sprayed in a concentrated manner at high pressure by setting the single-hole nozzle 51.

[0089] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 The joint tube 5 is elastically connected to the sand guide tube 34. An inner spring 53 can be set between the joint tube 5 and the sand guide tube 34. The two ends of the inner spring 53 are respectively connected to the joint tube 5 and the sand guide tube 34. The natural state of the inner spring 53 is set to Figure 4 As shown, the guide shaft 38 blocks the inlet of the joint tube 5, and the limit bar 52 does not contact the limiter 39. Sand particles passing through the sand inlet 35 flow out of the sand outlet and are then sprayed through the diffuser 36. When the falling sand deposition mechanism 3 switches from a uniform spraying mode to a high-pressure injection mode, airflow at a preset pressure is delivered into the sand guide tube 34 through the high-pressure airflow port 37. The joint tube 5 moves vertically downward, the internal spring 53 extends, and the limit bar 52 seals with the limiter 39. The guide shaft 38 no longer blocks the inlet of the joint tube 5, allowing sand particles passing through the sand inlet 35 to enter the joint tube 5. The single-hole nozzle 51 achieves high-pressure, concentrated sand injection. When the falling sand deposition mechanism 3 switches from a high-pressure injection mode to a uniform spraying mode, the high-pressure airflow port 37 stops delivering airflow at the preset pressure into the sand guide tube 34. The joint tube 5 moves vertically upward under the action of the internal spring 53 until the internal spring 53 returns to its normal state. The use of the joint tube 5 can meet different geological conditions for sedimentation simulation and is highly practical.

[0090] In this embodiment, the preset pressure should be greater than 0.3 MPa so that the sand particles can overcome the elastic force of the inner spring 53 and push the joint tube 5 to move downward in the vertical direction until the limit strip 52 is sealed and matched with the limit portion 39. The minimum value of the preset pressure is proportional to the spring strength of the inner spring 53 and the cross-sectional size of the limit strip 52. The specific value of the preset pressure depends on the strength of the high-pressure sand injection required by the simulated geological conditions.

[0091] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the sliding device comprises two upper connecting rods 31 and at least one set of mounting frames. The two upper connecting rods 31 are respectively fixed to the two sides of the loading box 2 along the length direction and arranged in parallel. Each set of mounting frames comprises a frame rod 33 and two connecting seats 32, the two connecting seats 32 are respectively arranged on the corresponding upper connecting rod 31 in a sliding manner, the frame rod 33 is connected between the two connecting seats 32, and a plurality of sand pipes 34 are arranged on the frame rod 33. When the two connecting seats 32 slide horizontally along the length direction of the loading box 2 on the corresponding upper connecting rod 31, the sand pipes 34 are driven to slide horizontally along the length direction of the loading box 2, so as to ensure that the working range of the sand pipes 34 covers the entire loading box 2. Each sand pipe 34 can independently perform sand blasting work to adjust the deposition rate according to different geological conditions.

[0092] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the internal migration assembly 4 comprises two telescopic driving devices and a transmission mechanism arranged in the loading box 2. The two telescopic driving devices are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the loading box 2, and at least one set of transmission mechanisms is connected between the two telescopic driving devices. The telescopic driving device can move in the horizontal direction to drive the transmission mechanism to move, so as to disturb the sand particles and realize the migration of the sand particles in the loading box 2, so that the deposition layer 9 presents a variety of complex trajectory migration, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the tectonic deformation of the deposition layer 9.

[0093] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the telescopic driving device comprises a connecting column frame 41, a positioning seat 42, a support 45 and a telescopic cylinder 43. The connecting column frame 41 is arranged transversely and fixed on the experimental carrier 1, the positioning seat 42 is arranged on the connecting column frame 41 and can slide horizontally, and the telescopic cylinder 43 is horizontally fixed on the connecting column frame 41. The positioning seat 42 is provided with the support 45 and the telescopic cylinder 43 on the two sides respectively, the support 45 is slidably connected on the loading box 2 and extends into the loading box 2 to be connected with the transmission mechanism, and the telescopic cylinder 43 can drive the positioning seat 42 to move in the horizontal direction, the positioning seat 42 drives the support 45 to move in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the transmission mechanism to move, so as to realize the migration of the sand particles in the loading box 2. The telescopic driving device has simple structure, and the displacement of the transmission mechanism can be controlled by controlling the displacement of the telescopic cylinder 43. The displacement of the transmission mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual geological conditions, and the practicability is strong.

[0094] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 5The transmission mechanism comprises a wheel seat 6 and a rubber belt 47, and a first main frame 46 and a second main frame 49 arranged vertically. The first main frame 46 and the second main frame 49 are connected with the supports 45 arranged on both sides of the loading box 2, and the wheel seat 6 is slidingly connected to the first main frame 46 and the second main frame 49. The rubber belt 47 is sleeved on the wheel seat 6. When the telescopic cylinder 43 moves in the horizontal direction, the first main frame 46 and the second main frame 49 move together with the corresponding supports 45, thereby driving the rubber belt 47 to move, so as to disturb the sand particles, thereby achieving the effect of sand particle migration. Since the telescopic cylinder 43 can move leftward or rightward, the rubber belt 47 can realize the leftward and rightward migration of the sand particles in the forward transmission (i.e. leftward movement) or the reverse transmission (i.e. rightward movement).

[0095] In the embodiment, a plurality of the above-mentioned transmission mechanisms can be arranged side by side in the width direction of the loading box 2 in the loading box 2, and each transmission mechanism is connected with the corresponding support 45, so that the moving range of all the transmission mechanisms can cover the entire loading box 2, and the sand particles in the entire loading box 2 can be migrated.

[0096] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 5 The transmission mechanism further comprises a driving rod 44, and the driving rod 44 is arranged on the first main frame 46 and the second main frame 49 corresponding to the wheel seat 6. The driving rod 44 is connected with the wheel seat 6 and can be telescoped in the vertical direction. The height of the corresponding wheel seat 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the driving rod 44, so that the overall height of the rubber belt 47 can be adjusted, so that the rubber belt 47 is suitable for the deposition layer 9 of different depths, and the rubber belt 47 can be buried in the deposition layer 9, so as to ensure the migration effect of the sand particles.

[0097] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 5 The transmission mechanism further comprises an adjusting wheel 48, and the adjusting wheel 48 is elastically connected with the support 45. A spring (not shown in the figure) can be arranged between the adjusting wheel 48 and the support 45, and the rubber belt 47 is also sleeved on the adjusting wheel 48. When the rubber belt 47 moves leftward and rightward with the support 45, since the positions of the two supports 45 are changed, when the distance between the two supports 45 is too close, the rubber belt 47 may be in a loose state, which causes the disturbance effect on the sand particles to be not obvious, or even the rubber belt 47 may fall off the wheel seat 6, or when the distance between the two supports 45 is too far, the rubber belt 47 is too tight, which causes damage. In order to avoid the above-mentioned situations, the adjusting wheel 48 elastically connected with the support 45 is arranged, and the adjusting wheel 48 can automatically adjust the distance between the adjusting wheel 48 and the wheel seat 6, so as to ensure that the rubber belt 47 is always in a suitable tension degree.

[0098] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 7, the wheel seat 6 comprises a positioning shaft 61, a sliding shaft 62, a supporting rod 63, a fine adjustment telescopic rod 64, and an outer convex edge 65. The sliding shaft 62 is slidable relative to the positioning shaft 61. Specifically, the positioning shaft 61 is provided with an inner cavity (not shown in the figure), one end of the supporting rod 63 is connected with the sliding shaft 62, the other end of the supporting rod 63 is slidably arranged in the inner cavity, and the fine adjustment telescopic rod 64 is connected between the positioning shaft 61 and the sliding shaft 62. The fine adjustment telescopic rod 64 is left-right telescopic (in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the figure, as a reference), and cooperates with the supporting rod 63, so that the sliding shaft 62 is slidable relative to the positioning shaft 61. The outer circumferential edges of the positioning shaft 61 and the sliding shaft 62 are both provided with the outer convex edge 65, the rubber belt 47 is limited between the outer convex edges 65, and the rubber belt 47 is sleeved at the position of the sliding shaft 62, so that the rubber belt 47 is movable along with the movement of the sliding shaft 62. Since a plurality of transmission mechanisms are arranged side by side along the width direction of the loading box 2, the initial positions of each rubber belt 47 are parallel to each other. The corresponding rubber belt 47 can be offset by a certain angle relative to the initial position by sliding the sliding shaft 62, the angle is proportional to the movement amount of the sliding shaft 62, the rubber belt 47 is no longer parallel to the adjacent rubber belt 47, and there is a certain included angle, so that the rubber belt 47 can intersect the sedimentary layer 9 at different regions and depths when moving, and the internal migration simulation effect of the sedimentary layer 9 is further improved, and the simulation degree is high. Figure 7 As a reference), and cooperates with the supporting rod 63, so that the sliding shaft 62 is slidable relative to the positioning shaft 61. The outer circumferential edges of the positioning shaft 61 and the sliding shaft 62 are both provided with the outer convex edge 65, the rubber belt 47 is limited between the outer convex edges 65, and the rubber belt 47 is sleeved at the position of the sliding shaft 62, so that the rubber belt 47 is movable along with the movement of the sliding shaft 62. Since a plurality of transmission mechanisms are arranged side by side along the width direction of the loading box 2, the initial positions of each rubber belt 47 are parallel to each other. The corresponding rubber belt 47 can be offset by a certain angle relative to the initial position by sliding the sliding shaft 62, the angle is proportional to the movement amount of the sliding shaft 62, the rubber belt 47 is no longer parallel to the adjacent rubber belt 47, and there is a certain included angle, so that the rubber belt 47 can intersect the sedimentary layer 9 at different regions and depths when moving, and the internal migration simulation effect of the sedimentary layer 9 is further improved, and the simulation degree is high.

[0099] In one specific embodiment, the outer wall of the rubber belt 47 is provided with a raised mud blocking edge 471, so as to increase the disturbance degree of the sand particles, thereby effectively improving the migration effect of the sedimentary layer 9.

[0100] Before the simulation is performed by the device, the geological structure data of the simulated section is collected, the geometric model of the bottom rock 8 is built according to the actual geological structure data, and is placed in the loading box 2. Then, the deposition simulation is performed by the continuous horizontal reciprocating movement of the sand deposition mechanism 3, the deposition rate adjustment is realized by the multi-mode sand supply work of the control sand pipes 34, and the internal sand particle migration of the sedimentary layer 9 is performed by the internal migration assembly 4, so as to realize a plurality of different types of deposition processes, including horizontal stratified deposition, inclined stratified deposition, fault zone deposition, sediment transport, and deposition process in a canyon or a river channel, etc. The reduction degree of the simulation is high, and the simulation result is accurate.

[0101] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A device for simulating deformation of geological structures, characterized in that, The sand falling deposition mechanism comprises a sand guide pipe, a section pipe, a guide shaft and a limiting strip. The sand guide pipe is connected to the top of the carrying box through the sliding device and can horizontally reciprocate along the length direction of the carrying box. The upper and lower ends of the sand guide pipe are respectively provided with a sand inlet and a sand outlet. One side of the sand guide pipe is provided with a high-pressure airflow port. The section pipe is arranged in the sand guide pipe and can slide in the sand guide pipe. The guide shaft is fixed in the sand guide pipe and is arranged above the section pipe. The section pipe is sleeved with the limiting strip, and the inner wall of the sand guide pipe is provided with a limiting part corresponding to the limiting strip. The high-pressure airflow port is used to deliver airflow with a preset pressure into the sand guide pipe, so that the sand particles in the sand guide pipe push the section pipe to slide, the limiting strip is in sealing cooperation with the limiting part, the section pipe is in communication with the sand inlet, and the sand particles in the sand guide pipe are sprayed out of the outlet end of the section pipe in a high-pressure jet manner. The sand falling deposition mechanism further comprises a flow diffuser cover. The flow diffuser cover is in communication with the sand outlet.

2. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to claim 1, wherein, The flow diffuser cover is uniformly provided with a plurality of flow holes. The outlet end of the section pipe is fixed with a single-hole spray head. The section pipe and the sand guide pipe are elastically connected.

3. The apparatus for modeling geological structure deformation of claim 1, wherein, The experimental carrier, the hydraulic rod and the base arranged below the experimental carrier are included.

4. The apparatus for modeling deformation of geological structures of claim 1, wherein, The carrying box is fixed to the experimental carrier.

5. The apparatus for modeling deformation of geological structures of claim 1, wherein, The inclined hydraulic rods are symmetrically arranged between the base and the experimental carrier. The sliding device comprises two upper connecting rods and at least one set of mounting racks. The two upper connecting rods are respectively fixed to the two sides of the carrying box along the length direction and are arranged in parallel.

6. The apparatus for modeling deformation of geological structures of claim 1, wherein, Each set of mounting racks comprises a rack rod and two connecting seats. The rack rod is connected between the two connecting seats. The upper connecting rods are provided with a plurality of sand guide pipes. The inner transport component comprises two telescopic driving devices and a transmission mechanism arranged in the carrying box.

7. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to claim 6, characterised in that, The two telescopic driving devices are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the carrying box. At least one set of transmission mechanisms is connected between the two telescopic driving devices. The telescopic driving device can move horizontally to drive the transmission mechanism to move, so as to transport the sand particles in the carrying box. The telescopic driving device comprises a connecting column, a positioning seat, a support and a telescopic cylinder.

8. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to claim 7, characterised in that, The positioning seat can slide horizontally on the connecting column. The two sides of the positioning seat are respectively provided with the support and the telescopic cylinder. The support extends into the carrying box and is connected with the transmission mechanism. The telescopic cylinder can drive the support to move horizontally to drive the transmission mechanism to move. The transmission mechanism comprises a wheel seat and a rubber belt, and a first main frame body and a second main frame body arranged vertically.

9. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to claim 8, characterised in that, ​ The first main frame body and the second main frame body are connected with the supports arranged on two sides of the carrying box respectively; The first main frame body and the second main frame body are both slidably connected with the wheel seat; The rubber belt is sleeved on the wheel seat.

10. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to claim 9, characterised in that, The transmission mechanism further comprises a driving rod; The first main frame body and the second main frame body are both provided with the driving rod corresponding to the wheel seat; The driving rod is connected with the wheel seat, and the driving rod can be extended and retracted in the vertical direction.

11. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to claim 10, characterised in that, The transmission mechanism further comprises an adjusting wheel; The adjusting wheel is elastically connected with the support; The rubber belt is also sleeved on the adjusting wheel.

12. The apparatus for modeling deformation of geological structures of claim 9, wherein, The wheel seat comprises a positioning shaft, a sliding shaft, a support rod, a fine adjustment telescopic rod and an outer convex edge; The fine adjustment telescopic rod is connected between the positioning shaft and the sliding shaft; The positioning shaft is provided with an inner cavity; One end of the support rod is connected with the sliding shaft, and the other end of the support rod is slidably arranged in the inner cavity; The outer periphery of the positioning shaft and the sliding shaft is both provided with an outer convex edge, and the rubber belt is limited between the outer convex edges.

13. The simulation device for geological structure deformation according to claim 9, wherein a raised mud blocking edge is arranged on the outer wall of the rubber belt.

14. Apparatus for modelling deformation of geological structures according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that, A vibrator is arranged in the carrying box, and bottom layer rock is stored in the carrying box; The vibrator is in abutment with the bottom layer rock, and the vibrator is used for changing the strain rate of the bottom layer rock.

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