Display device, method of driving display panel, and electronic device

Abstract

A display device, a method of driving a display panel, and an electronic device are provided. The display device includes a display panel, a data driver, and a driving controller. The data driver outputs a data voltage to the display panel. The drive controller determines a black voltage based on a drive frequency and a luminance setting value and determines an anode initialization voltage based on the drive frequency and the luminance setting value. A first anode initialization voltage of a first pixel having a first color is different from a second anode initialization voltage of a second pixel having a second color.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to a display device, a method for driving a display panel using the display device, and an electronic device including the display device. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a display device having improved display quality and reduced power consumption by determining a black voltage and an anode initialization voltage based on a driving frequency and a brightness setting value, a method for driving a display panel using the display device, and an electronic device including the display device. Background Art

[0002] Typically, a display device includes a display panel and a display panel driver. The display panel may include multiple gate lines, multiple data lines, multiple emission lines, and multiple pixels. The display panel driver may include a gate driver, a data driver, an emission driver, and a drive controller. The gate driver may output gate signals to the gate lines. The data driver may output data voltages to the data lines. The emission driver may output emission signals to the emission lines. The drive controller may control the operation of the gate driver, the operation of the data driver, and the operation of the emission driver. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a display device, when black brightness is adjusted only by adjusting the black voltage, the black voltage may become too high and the range between the lowest grayscale voltage (black voltage) and the highest grayscale voltage increases, so that instantaneous afterimages may occur due to the hysteresis of driving the switching element.

[0004] In addition, when black luminance is adjusted by adjusting only the black voltage, the black voltage may become too high, so that power consumption may increase.

[0005] In addition, when the black voltage is fixed regardless of the brightness setting value, a black voltage higher than the predetermined expected voltage may be used at a low brightness setting value, and accordingly, the range between the lowest grayscale voltage (black voltage) and the highest grayscale voltage increases, so that momentary afterimages may occur due to the hysteresis of the driving switching element.

[0006] In addition, when the black voltage is fixed regardless of the brightness setting value, a black voltage higher than a predetermined desired voltage may be used at a low brightness setting value, so that power consumption may increase.

[0007] In addition, when a black voltage higher than a desired voltage is used in a high frequency driving method, power consumption may further increase.

[0008] In addition, in the method of setting the black voltage at a predetermined measurement point of the luminance setting value, undesirably high luminance may be displayed in an interpolation region between the measurement points.

[0009] Embodiments of the present application provide a display device having improved display quality and reduced power consumption by determining a black voltage and an anode initialization voltage based on a driving frequency and a luminance set value.

[0010] Embodiments of the present application also provide a method of driving a display panel using a display device.

[0011] Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device including a display device.

[0012] In embodiments of the display device according to the present application, the display device includes a display panel, a data driver, and a driving controller. In such embodiments, the data driver outputs a data voltage to the display panel. In such embodiments, the driving controller determines a black voltage based on a driving frequency and a luminance set value and determines an anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance set value. In such embodiments, a first anode initialization voltage of a first pixel having a first color is different from a second anode initialization voltage of a second pixel having a second color.

[0013] In embodiments, the black voltage can be determined in a manner such that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a first target luminance.

[0014] In embodiments, the anode initialization voltage can be determined in a manner such that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a second target luminance, the second target luminance being less than the first target luminance.

[0015] In embodiments, the display panel can include a first pixel having a first color, a second pixel having a second color, and a third pixel having a third color. In such embodiments, at least one of an initial value of a first anode initialization voltage of the first pixel, an initial value of a second anode initialization voltage of the second pixel, and an initial value of a third anode initialization voltage of the third pixel can be different from another of the above-mentioned initial value of the first anode initialization voltage of the first pixel, the above-mentioned initial value of the second anode initialization voltage of the second pixel, and the above-mentioned initial value of the third anode initialization voltage of the third pixel. In such embodiments, at least one of an offset amount for changing the initial value of the first anode initialization voltage of the first pixel, an offset amount for changing the initial value of the second anode initialization voltage of the second pixel, and an offset amount for changing the initial value of the third anode initialization voltage of the third pixel can be different from another of the above-mentioned offset amount for changing the initial value of the first anode initialization voltage of the first pixel, the above-mentioned offset amount for changing the initial value of the second anode initialization voltage of the second pixel, and the above-mentioned offset amount for changing the initial value of the third anode initialization voltage of the third pixel.

[0016] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the anode initialization voltage of the green pixel and the anode initialization voltage of the blue pixel.

[0017] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage of the red pixel can be less than the anode initialization voltage of the green pixel. In such an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage of the green pixel can be less than the anode initialization voltage of the blue pixel.

[0018] In an embodiment, the black voltage can have the same level regardless of the color of the pixel.

[0019] In an embodiment, the first black voltage of the first pixel having the first color can be different from the second black voltage of the second pixel having the second color.

[0020] In an embodiment, the display panel can include a first pixel having a first color, a second pixel having a second color, and a third pixel having a third color. In such an embodiment, at least one of an initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, an initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and an initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel can be different from another of the above-mentioned initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, the above-mentioned initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and the above-mentioned initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel. In such an embodiment, at least one of an offset amount for changing the initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, an offset amount for changing the initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and an offset amount for changing the initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel can be different from another of the above-mentioned offset amount for changing the initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, the above-mentioned offset amount for changing the initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and the above-mentioned offset amount for changing the initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel.

[0021] In an embodiment, the black voltage of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the black voltage of the green pixel and the black voltage of the blue pixel.

[0022] In an embodiment, the black voltage of the red pixel can be greater than the black voltage of the green pixel. In such an embodiment, the black voltage of the green pixel can be greater than the black voltage of the blue pixel.

[0023] In an embodiment, the black voltage can increase as the driving frequency decreases.

[0024] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage can decrease as the driving frequency decreases.

[0025] In an embodiment, the black voltage can increase as the brightness setting value increases.

[0026] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage can decrease as the luminance set value increases.

[0027] In an embodiment, the drive controller can determine the black voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance set value, and the temperature, and can determine the anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance set value, and the temperature.

[0028] In an embodiment, the black voltage can have the same level regardless of the color of the pixel.

[0029] In an embodiment, a first black voltage of a first pixel having a first color can be different from a second black voltage of a second pixel having a second color.

[0030] In an embodiment, the black voltage can increase as the temperature increases.

[0031] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage can decrease as the temperature increases.

[0032] In an embodiment, the display panel can include a pixel. In such an embodiment, the pixel can include: a first pixel switching element including a control electrode connected to a first pixel node, a first electrode connected to a second pixel node, and a second electrode connected to a third pixel node; a second pixel switching element including a control electrode receiving a data write gate signal, a first electrode receiving a data voltage, and a second electrode connected to the second pixel node; a third pixel switching element including a control electrode receiving a compensation gate signal, a first electrode connected to the first pixel node, and a second electrode connected to the third pixel node; a fourth pixel switching element including a control electrode receiving a data initialization gate signal, a first electrode receiving a first initialization voltage, and a second electrode connected to the first pixel node; a fifth pixel switching element including a control electrode receiving an emission signal, a first electrode receiving a first pixel power voltage, and a second electrode connected to the second pixel node; a sixth pixel switching element including a control electrode receiving the emission signal, a first electrode connected to the third pixel node, and a second electrode connected to an anode electrode of a light emitting element; a seventh pixel switching element including a control electrode receiving a light emitting element initialization gate signal, a first electrode receiving an anode initialization voltage, and a second electrode connected to the anode electrode of the light emitting element; and the light emitting element including the anode electrode and a cathode electrode receiving a second pixel power voltage.

[0033] In an embodiment of the method of driving a display panel according to the present invention, the method includes determining an initial value of a black voltage based on a driving frequency and a luminance setting value, determining the black voltage by changing the initial value of the black voltage in such a way that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a first target luminance, determining an initial value of an anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance setting value, determining the anode initialization voltage by changing the initial value of the anode initialization voltage in such a way that the measured luminance of the display panel is less than a second target luminance, the second target luminance being less than the first target luminance, storing a plurality of black voltages including the above-mentioned black voltage and a plurality of anode initialization voltages including the above-mentioned anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance setting value in a memory, generating the above-mentioned black voltage and the above-mentioned anode initialization voltage based on an input driving frequency and an input luminance setting value, determining a data voltage based on the above-mentioned black voltage, outputting the data voltage to a pixel of the display panel, and outputting the anode initialization voltage to the pixel.

[0034] In an embodiment of the method of driving a display panel according to the present invention, the method includes determining an initial value of a black voltage based on a driving frequency, a luminance setting value, and a temperature, determining the black voltage by changing the initial value of the black voltage in such a way that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a first target luminance, determining an initial value of an anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature, determining the anode initialization voltage by changing the initial value of the anode initialization voltage in such a way that the measured luminance of the display panel is less than a second target luminance, the second target luminance being less than the first target luminance, storing a plurality of black voltages including the above-mentioned black voltage and a plurality of anode initialization voltages including the above-mentioned anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature in a memory, generating the above-mentioned black voltage and the above-mentioned anode initialization voltage based on an input driving frequency, an input luminance setting value, and an input temperature, determining a data voltage based on the above-mentioned black voltage, outputting the data voltage to a pixel of the display panel, and outputting the anode initialization voltage to the pixel.

[0035] In an embodiment of the electronic device according to the present invention, the electronic device includes a display panel, a data driver, a driving controller, and a host. In such an embodiment, the data driver outputs a data voltage to the display panel. In such an embodiment, the driving controller controls the data driver. In such an embodiment, the host outputs input image data and an input control signal to the driving controller. In such an embodiment, the driving controller determines a black voltage based on a driving frequency and a luminance setting value and determines an anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance setting value. In such an embodiment, a first anode initialization voltage of a first pixel having a first color is different from a second anode initialization voltage of a second pixel having a second color.

[0036] According to embodiments of the display apparatus, the method of driving a display panel using the display apparatus, and the electronic apparatus including the display apparatus, the driving controller can determine the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the brightness setting value. The anode initialization voltage can be differently set according to the color of the pixel.

[0037] In such embodiments, the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage are determined based on the driving frequency and the brightness setting value, so that the black brightness of the display panel can be sufficiently reduced to match the target brightness without excessively raising the black voltage.

[0038] In such embodiments, the anode initialization voltage is differently set according to the color of the pixel, so that the black image can be effectively prevented from being biased to a specific color (e.g., reddish).

[0039] In such embodiments, the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage are determined based on the brightness setting value, and at a low brightness setting value, a black voltage higher than a predetermined desired voltage can not be used, so that a range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage) and the highest gray voltage can be substantially reduced. When the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage) and the highest gray voltage is reduced, temporal afterimage due to hysteresis of the driving switching element can be effectively prevented, and power consumption can be substantially reduced.

[0040] In such embodiments, the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage are determined based on the driving frequency and the brightness setting value, so that display of an undesirably high brightness in an interpolation zone between predetermined measurement points of the brightness setting value can be effectively prevented.

[0041] In such embodiments, the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage are determined based on the driving frequency and the brightness setting value, so that a step efficiency characteristic, which refers to a difference in brightness between a first frame and a second frame, can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] The above and other features of embodiments of the present application will become more apparent by describing in detail embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:

[0043] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a pixel of the display panel of Figure 1

[0045] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a driving controller of Figure 1 and a memory of Figure 1

[0046] ​​Figure 4 is a circuit diagram showing a portion of the display panel of Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 5 is a flowchart showing a method of determining the black voltage of Figure 4 and the anode initialization voltage of Figure 4 ;

[0048] Figure 6 is a graph showing a method of determining the black voltage of Figure 4 and the anode initialization voltage of Figure 4 ;

[0049] Figure 7 is a graph showing a method of determining the black voltage of Figure 4 ;

[0050] Figure 8 is a graph showing a method of determining the anode initialization voltage of Figure 4 ;

[0051] Figure 9 is a graph showing the black luminance of the display panel of Figure 1 according to a luminance setting value;

[0052] Figure 10 is a block diagram showing a drive controller and a memory of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 is a circuit diagram showing a portion of the display panel of Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 12 is a graph showing a method of determining the black voltage of Figure 11 and the anode initialization voltage of Figure 11 ;

[0055] Figure 13 is a graph showing a method of determining the black voltage of Figure 11 ;

[0056] Figure 14 is a graph showing a method of determining the anode initialization voltage of Figure 11 ;

[0057] Figure 15 is a block diagram showing a drive controller and a memory of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 16 is a block diagram showing a drive controller and a memory of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 17is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 18 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the electronic device of Figure 17 is implemented as a smart phone; and

[0061] Figure 19 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the electronic device of Figure 17 is implemented as a monitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present application will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various embodiments of the application are shown. The present application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

[0063] It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can be present therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present.

[0064] It will be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like can be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings herein.

[0065] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, "a," "an," and "the" are not intended to refer to only a singular entity but include the general class of which a specific example can be used for illustration. The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component" can include multiple components unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. "At least one" is not to be interpreted as limiting to "one." "Or" means "and / or." As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," or "includes" and / or "including" when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0066] In addition, relative terms such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top" can be used herein to describe one element's or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as being on the "lower" side of other elements would then be oriented on "upper" sides of the other elements. The term "lower" can, therefore, encompass both an orientation of "lower" and "upper," depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements would then be oriented "above" the other elements. The terms "below" or "beneath" can, therefore, encompass both an orientation of "below" and "above," depending on the particular orientation of the figure.

[0067] "About" or "approximately," as used herein when used in connection with a quantity, includes the stated value and means within a reasonable range of error for people of ordinary skill in the art making the measurement. For example, "about" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 30%, 20%, 10%, or 5% of the stated value.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0069] In this document, embodiments are described with reference to schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments. Variations in the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments described herein are not to be construed as being limited to the particular shapes as illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result from manufacturing. For example, a region illustrated or described as linear can actually have rough and / or nonlinear features. Moreover, sharp corners can be rounded. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region and are not intended to limit the scope of the present claims.

[0070] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Referring to Figure 1 An embodiment of the display apparatus includes a display panel 100 and a display panel driver. The display panel driver includes a driving controller 200, a gate driver 300, a gamma reference voltage generator 400, a data driver 500, and an emission driver 600.

[0073] In an embodiment, for example, the driving controller 200 and the data driver 500 can be integrally or monolithically formed. In an embodiment, for example, the driving controller 200, the gamma reference voltage generator 400, and the data driver 500 can be integrally or monolithically formed. A driving module including at least the integrally formed driving controller 200 and the data driver 500 can be referred to as a timing controller embedded data driver ("TED").

[0074] The display panel 100 has a display area AA on which an image is displayed and a peripheral area PA adjacent to the display area AA.

[0075] The display panel 100 includes a plurality of gate lines GWL, GIL, GBL and GCL, a plurality of data lines DL, a plurality of emission lines EL, and a plurality of pixels electrically connected to the gate lines GWL, GIL, GBL and GCL, the data lines DL and the emission lines EL. The gate lines GWL, GIL, GBL and GCL can extend in a first direction D1, the data lines DL can extend in a second direction D2 crossing the first direction D1, and the emission lines EL can extend in the first direction D1.

[0076] The driving controller 200 can receive input image data IMG and input control signals CONT from an external device. In an embodiment, for example, the driving controller 200 can receive the input image data IMG and the input control signals CONT from a host. In an embodiment, for example, the input image data IMG can include red image data, green image data, and blue image data. The input image data IMG can further include white image data. In another embodiment, for example, the input image data IMG can include magenta image data, cyan image data, and yellow image data. The input control signals CONT can include a main clock signal and a data enable signal. The input control signals CONT can further include a vertical synchronization signal and a horizontal synchronization signal.

[0077] The driving controller 200 generates a first control signal CONT1, a second control signal CONT2, a third control signal CONT3, a fourth control signal CONT4, and a data signal DATA based on the input image data IMG and the input control signals CONT.

[0078] The driving controller 200 generates the first control signal CONT1 for controlling the operation of the gate driver 300 based on the input control signals CONT, and outputs the first control signal CONT1 to the gate driver 300. The first control signal CONT1 can include a vertical start signal and a gate clock signal.

[0079] The driving controller 200 generates the second control signal CONT2 for controlling the operation of the data driver 500 based on the input control signals CONT, and outputs the second control signal CONT2 to the data driver 500. The second control signal CONT2 can include a horizontal start signal and a load signal.

[0080] The driving controller 200 generates the data signal DATA based on the input image data IMG. The driving controller 200 outputs the data signal DATA to the data driver 500.

[0081] The drive controller 200 generates a third control signal CONT3 for controlling the operation of the gamma reference voltage generator 400 based on the input control signal CONT, and outputs the third control signal CONT3 to the gamma reference voltage generator 400.

[0082] The drive controller 200 generates a fourth control signal CONT4 for controlling the operation of the emission driver 600 based on the input control signal CONT, and outputs the fourth control signal CONT4 to the emission driver 600.

[0083] The gate driver 300 generates gate signals for driving the gate lines GWL, GIL, GBL, and GCL in response to the first control signal CONT1 received from the drive controller 200. The gate driver 300 can output the gate signals to the gate lines GWL, GIL, GBL, and GCL. In an embodiment, for example, the gate driver 300 can be integrated on the peripheral area PA of the display panel 100. In an embodiment, for example, the gate driver 300 can be mounted on the peripheral area PA of the display panel 100.

[0084] The gamma reference voltage generator 400 generates a gamma reference voltage VGREF in response to the third control signal CONT3 received from the drive controller 200. The gamma reference voltage generator 400 provides the gamma reference voltage VGREF to the data driver 500. The gamma reference voltage VGREF has a value corresponding to a level of the data signal DATA.

[0085] In an embodiment, the gamma reference voltage generator 400 can be provided in the drive controller 200 or in the data driver 500.

[0086] The data driver 500 receives the second control signal CONT2 and the data signal DATA from the drive controller 200, and receives the gamma reference voltage VGREF from the gamma reference voltage generator 400. The data driver 500 converts the data signal DATA into a data voltage having an analog type using the gamma reference voltage VGREF. The data driver 500 outputs the data voltage to the data line DL.

[0087] The emission driver 600 generates an emission signal for driving the emission line EL in response to the fourth control signal CONT4 received from the drive controller 200. The emission driver 600 can output the emission signal to the emission line EL. In an embodiment, for example, the emission driver 600 can be integrated on the peripheral area PA of the display panel 100. For example, the emission driver 600 can be mounted on the peripheral area PA of the display panel 100.

[0088] Although, for convenience of illustration, it is assumed that the drive controller 200, the gate driver 300, the gamma reference voltage generator 400, the data driver 500, and the emission driver 600 are provided in the display panel 100, the drive controller 200, the gate driver 300, the gamma reference voltage generator 400, the data driver 500, and the emission driver 600 can be provided in a display module including the display panel 100. Figure 1The gate driver 300 is provided at a first side of the display panel 100 and the emission driver 600 is provided at a second side of the display panel 100 opposite to the first side, as shown in FIG. 1, but the present application can be not limited thereto. In another embodiment, for example, both the gate driver 300 and the emission driver 600 can be provided at the first side of the display panel 100. In another embodiment, for example, both the gate driver 300 and the emission driver 600 can be provided at both sides of the display panel 100. In another embodiment, for example, the gate driver 300 and the emission driver 600 can be integrally or unitarily formed.

[0089] The display apparatus can further include a memory 700. The driving controller 200 can receive data for compensating for the input image data IMG and data for determining a level of the power supply voltage from the memory 700. The driving controller 200 can instruct to store the data for compensating for the input image data IMG and the data for determining a level of the power supply voltage to the memory 700.

[0090] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram showing a pixel of the display panel 100. Figure 1

[0091] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the display panel 100 includes a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes a light emitting element EE.

[0092] The pixel receives a data write gate signal GW, a compensation gate signal GC, a data initialization gate signal GI, a light emitting element initialization gate signal GB, a data voltage VDATA, and an emission signal EM, and the light emitting element EE of the pixel emits light corresponding to a level of the data voltage VDATA to display an image.

[0093] In an embodiment, the switching element of the pixel can be a polysilicon thin film transistor. In an embodiment, for example, the switching element of the pixel can be a low temperature polysilicon (LTPS) thin film transistor. In an embodiment, for example, the switching element of the pixel can be a P-type transistor.

[0094] Alternatively, the pixel can include at least one oxide semiconductor thin film transistor. The pixel can include at least one N-type transistor.

[0095] In an embodiment, for example, the pixel can include a first pixel switching element PT1, a second pixel switching element PT2, a third pixel switching element PT3, a fourth pixel switching element PT4, a fifth pixel switching element PT5, a sixth pixel switching element PT6, and a seventh pixel switching element PT7, a storage capacitor CST, and a light emitting element EE.

[0096] ​The first pixel switch element PT1 includes a control electrode connected to the first pixel node PN1, a first electrode connected to the second pixel node PN2, and a second electrode connected to the third pixel node PN3. The first pixel switch element PT1 can be referred to as a drive switch element.

[0097] The second pixel switch element PT2 includes a control electrode that receives a data write gate signal GW, a first electrode that receives a data voltage VDATA, and a second electrode connected to the second pixel node PN2.

[0098] The third pixel switch element PT3 includes a control electrode that receives a compensation gate signal GC, a first electrode connected to the first pixel node PN1, and a second electrode connected to the third pixel node PN3.

[0099] The fourth pixel switch element PT4 includes a control electrode that receives a data initialization gate signal GI, a first electrode that receives a first initialization voltage VINT, and a second electrode connected to the first pixel node PN1.

[0100] The fifth pixel switch element PT5 includes a control electrode that receives an emission signal EM, a first electrode that receives a first pixel power supply voltage ELVDD, and a second electrode connected to the second pixel node PN2.

[0101] The sixth pixel switch element PT6 includes a control electrode that receives the emission signal EM, a first electrode connected to the third pixel node PN3, and a second electrode connected to an anode electrode of the light emitting element EE.

[0102] The seventh pixel switch element PT7 includes a control electrode that receives a light emitting element initialization gate signal GB, a first electrode that receives a second initialization voltage VAINT, and a second electrode connected to the anode electrode of the light emitting element EE. Although the second initialization voltage VAINT is applied to the first electrode of the seventh pixel switch element PT7 in an embodiment, the present application can not be limited thereto. In an embodiment, the first initialization voltage VINT can be applied to the first electrode of the seventh pixel switch element PT7. The seventh pixel switch element PT7 can be referred to as a light emitting element initialization switch element. The second initialization voltage VAINT can be referred to as an anode initialization voltage.

[0103] The storage capacitor CST includes a first electrode that receives the first pixel power supply voltage ELVDD, and a second electrode connected to the first pixel node PN1.

[0104] The light emitting element EE includes an anode electrode, and a cathode electrode that receives a second pixel power supply voltage ELVSS.

[0105] The first pixel power supply voltage ELVDD can be greater than the second pixel power supply voltage ELVSS.

[0106] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating Figure 1 the drive controller 200 and Figure 1 the memory 700. Figure 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a part of the display panel 100. Figure 1 Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of determining Figure 4 the black voltage V0 and Figure 4 the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB. Figure 6 is a graph illustrating a method of determining Figure 4 the black voltage V0 and Figure 4 the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB. Figure 7 is a graph illustrating a method of determining Figure 4 the black voltage V0. Figure 8 is a graph illustrating a method of determining Figure 4 the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB. Figure 9 is a graph illustrating the black luminance of the display panel 100 according to the luminance setting value DIM. Figure 1

[0107] With reference to Figures 1 to 9 in an embodiment, the drive controller 200 determines the black voltage V0 based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM, and determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM. The first anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTR) of the first pixel having the first color is different from the second anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTG) of the second pixel having the second color. The host can output the luminance setting value DIM to the drive controller 200. The host can output the drive frequency FR to the drive controller 200. Alternatively, the drive controller 200 can determine the drive frequency FR based on the input image data IMG.

[0108] The black voltage V0 can denote a data voltage corresponding to a gray value 0. The anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can denote voltages applied to anode electrodes of the light emitting element EE through the seventh pixel switching element PT7. The luminance setting value DIM can denote a degree of luminance of the display panel 100 set by a user. Alternatively, the luminance setting value DIM can be automatically set based on an ambient luminance. The luminance setting value DIM can be set based on a maximum luminance value of a maximum gray value.

[0109] ​​The drive controller 200 can include a black voltage calculator 220 that determines a black voltage V0 based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM, and an anode initialization voltage calculator 240 that determines anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM.

[0110] Through the initial setting operation, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be stored in the memory 700 for each drive frequency FR and each luminance setting value DIM.

[0111] The black voltage calculator 220 and the anode initialization voltage calculator 240 can communicate with the memory 700, and can generate the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the input drive frequency FR and the input luminance setting value DIM.

[0112] The display panel 100 can include a first pixel (e.g., a red pixel) having a first color, a second pixel (e.g., a green pixel) having a second color, and a third pixel (e.g., a blue pixel) having a third color.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 4 The red pixel can include a red light emitting element EER and a red light emitting element initialization switching element PT7R, the green pixel can include a green light emitting element EEG and a green light emitting element initialization switching element PT7G, and the blue pixel can include a blue light emitting element EEB and a blue light emitting element initialization switching element PT7B.

[0114] Threshold voltages of the red light emitting element EER, the green light emitting element EEG, and the blue light emitting element EEB can be different from each other, such that when the same anode initialization voltage is applied to the red light emitting element EER, the green light emitting element EEG, and the blue light emitting element EEB, turn-on timings of the red light emitting element EER, the green light emitting element EEG, and the blue light emitting element EEB can be different from each other. Accordingly, when the display panel 100 displays a black image, the black image can be biased toward a particular color. In an embodiment, for example, among the threshold voltages of the red light emitting element EER, the green light emitting element EEG, and the blue light emitting element EEB, the threshold voltage of the red light emitting element EER can be the smallest. In an embodiment, for example, among the threshold voltages of the red light emitting element EER, the green light emitting element EEG, and the blue light emitting element EEB, the threshold voltage of the blue light emitting element EEB can be the largest.

[0115] Accordingly, the anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel and the anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the blue pixel.

[0116] In an embodiment, for example, the anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the red pixel can be smaller than the anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel. The anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel can be smaller than the anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the blue pixel.

[0117] As shown in Figures 5 to 8 In an embodiment, the black voltage V0 can be determined in such a manner that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is smaller than a first target luminance LT1 (STEP 1 in Figure 6 In addition, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be determined in such a manner that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is smaller than a second target luminance LT2 which is smaller than the first target luminance LT1 (STEP 2 in Figure 6 In this context, the initial measured luminance of the display panel 100 is denoted as LI. In this context, the measured luminance LM, the first target luminance LT1, and the second target luminance LT2 can denote luminances of a black image corresponding to a black gray value.

[0118] The measured luminance LM can be controlled to be smaller than the first target luminance LT1 by adjusting the black voltage V0. However, when the measured luminance LM is controlled to be smaller than the first target luminance LT1 by adjusting the black voltage V0, the black voltage V0 can become too high, such that the display quality can be deteriorated and the power consumption can be increased. Accordingly, after the measured luminance LM is controlled to be smaller than the first target luminance LT1 by adjusting the black voltage V0, the measured luminance LM can be controlled to be smaller than the second target luminance LT2 by adjusting the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB.

[0119] In an embodiment, for example, the black voltage V0 can be increased as the driving frequency FR is decreased. When the driving frequency FR is small, the risk of current leakage through Figure 2 the third and fourth pixel switching elements PT3 and PT4 of the display panel 100 can be relatively high. Accordingly, when the driving frequency FR is decreased, the black voltage V0 can be increased to effectively prevent the black luminance from becoming higher than the target luminance.

[0120] In an embodiment, for example, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be reduced as the drive frequency FR is reduced. When the drive frequency FR is small, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be reduced as the black voltage V0 is raised to effectively prevent the black luminance from becoming higher than the target luminance.

[0121] In an embodiment, for example, the black voltage V0 can be raised as the luminance setting value DIM is increased. When the luminance setting value DIM is increased, the black voltage V0 can naturally be raised, and conversely, when the luminance setting value DIM is decreased, the black voltage V0 can naturally be reduced.

[0122] When the luminance setting value DIM is large, there is a risk that the black luminance becomes higher than the target luminance. When the luminance setting value DIM is small, there is a margin for further reducing the black voltage V0 so that the black voltage V0 can be substantially reduced.

[0123] In an embodiment, for example, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be reduced as the luminance setting value DIM is increased. When the luminance setting value DIM is large, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be reduced as the black voltage V0 is raised to effectively prevent the black luminance from becoming higher than the target luminance.

[0124] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 the black voltages V0 (V0R, V0G, and V0B) can have the same level regardless of the color of the pixel. The black voltages V0 (V0R, V0G, and V0B) can have the same initial value V0T, can have the same offset amount, and accordingly can have the same resulting value V0N regardless of the color of the pixel.

[0125] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can have different levels depending on the color of the pixel.

[0126] In an embodiment, for example, at least one of the initial value VAR1 of the initial value of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the first pixel, the initial value VAG1 of the initial value of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the second pixel, and the initial value VAB of the initial value of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the third pixel can be different from the other initial values selected from the above initial values. At least one of the offset amount for changing the initial value VAR1 of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the first pixel, the offset amount for changing the initial value VAG1 of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the second pixel, and the offset amount for changing the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the third pixel can be different from the other offset amounts selected from the above offset amounts. Although as shown in FIG. 6, in an embodiment, the offset amount for changing the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB is zero, the present application can not be limited thereto. Figure 9

[0127] In an embodiment, for example, when the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are changed, the offset amount can be added to or subtracted from the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB. In an embodiment, for example, the offset amount can have different values according to the colors of the pixels based on the weights according to the colors of the pixels. In an embodiment, for example, the weight of a red pixel can be greater than the weights of a green pixel and a blue pixel. Accordingly, the absolute value of the offset amount of the red pixel can be greater than the absolute values of the offset amounts of the green pixel and the blue pixel.

[0128] Accordingly, at least one of the result value VAR2 of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR, the result value VAG2 of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG, and the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB can have a value different from the values of the other anode initialization voltages. In an embodiment, for example, the result value VAR2 of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR, the result value VAG2 of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG, and the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB can have values different from each other.

[0129] As shown in FIG. 6, in the conventional method of setting the black voltage at predetermined measurement points TH1, TH2, and TH3 of the luminance setting value DIM, there is a risk of displaying an undesirably high luminance in an interpolation region between the measurement points TH1, TH2, and TH3. The first curve C1 represents a case where an undesirably high luminance is displayed in the interpolation region between the measurement points TH1, TH2, and TH3. Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 6, in the conventional method of setting the black voltage at predetermined measurement points TH1, TH2, and TH3 of the luminance setting value DIM, there is a risk of displaying an undesirably high luminance in an interpolation region between the measurement points TH1, TH2, and TH3. The first curve C1 represents a case where an undesirably high luminance is displayed in the interpolation region between the measurement points TH1, TH2, and TH3.​

[0130] In the embodiment of the present application, as described above, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB are appropriately set based on the luminance setting value DIM so that the display of an undesirably high luminance in the interpolation region between the predetermined measurement points TH1, TH2 and TH3 of the luminance setting value DIM can be effectively prevented. The second curve C2 represents a case where the display of an undesirably high luminance in the interpolation region between the measurement points TH1, TH2 and TH3 is not performed.

[0131] Referring back to Figure 5 The method of driving the display panel 100 according to the embodiment includes determining an initial value of the black voltage V0 based on (or corresponding to) the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM (operation S100), determining the black voltage V0 by changing the initial value of the black voltage V0 so that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is less than the first target luminance LT1 (operations S100, S200 and S300), determining initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM (operation S400), and determining the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB by changing the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB so that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is less than the second target luminance LT2 (operations S400, S500 and S600). The black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM can be stored in the memory 700. These processes can be included in an initial setting step of the display panel 100.

[0132] In the embodiment, for example, the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB can be determined based on the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM. In the embodiment, for example, the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB can be determined based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM and a color quantification value. In the embodiment, for example, the color quantification value can be a tricolor value. In the condition that the black luminance satisfies the target luminance, the color quantification value (tricolor value) based on the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB can be compared with a target color quantification value (target tricolor value), and the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG and VAINTB can be adjusted. In this way, the black luminance and the color characteristics can be corrected.

[0133] In an embodiment, the method of driving the display panel 100 can further include generating the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the input driving frequency FR and the input brightness setting value DIM, determining the data voltage based on the black voltage V0, outputting the data voltage to the pixels of the display panel 100, and outputting the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB to the pixels. These processes can be included in the step in which the display panel 100 is driven by the user.

[0134] According to an embodiment, the driving controller 200 can determine the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR and the brightness setting value DIM. The anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be differently set according to the colors of the pixels.

[0135] The black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR and the brightness setting value DIM, so that the black brightness of the display panel 100 can be sufficiently reduced to match the target brightness without excessively raising the black voltage V0.

[0136] In addition, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are differently set according to the colors of the pixels, so that it is possible to effectively prevent the black image from being biased to a specific color (e.g., reddish).

[0137] In addition, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the brightness setting value DIM, and at a low brightness setting value DIM, it is possible to not use a black voltage higher than a predetermined desired voltage, so that it is possible to substantially reduce the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage. When the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage is reduced, it is possible to effectively prevent temporal afterimage due to hysteresis of driving the switching elements, and it is possible to substantially reduce power consumption.

[0138] In addition, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR and the brightness setting value DIM, so that it is possible to effectively prevent display of an undesirably high brightness in an interpolation zone between predetermined measurement points of the brightness setting value DIM.

[0139] In addition, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM, so that the step efficiency characteristic, which refers to a luminance difference between the first frame and the second frame, can be improved.

[0140] Figure 10 is a block diagram illustrating a driving controller 200 and a memory 700 of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 is a circuit diagram illustrating a portion of the display panel 100 of Figure 1 . Figure 12 is a graph illustrating a method of determining the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B of Figure 11 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB of Figure 11 . Figure 13 is a graph illustrating a method of determining the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B of Figure 11 . Figure 14 is a graph illustrating a method of determining the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB of Figure 11 .

[0141] The display device according to the embodiment of Figures 10 to 14 is substantially the same as the display device according to the embodiment described above with reference to Figures 1 to 9 . Accordingly, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to the elements the same as or similar to those described above with reference to Figures 1 to 9 , and any repetitive detailed description of the same or similar elements will be omitted.

[0142] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , and Figures 10 to 14 , in the embodiment, the driving controller 200 determines the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B based on the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM, and determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM. The first anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTR) of the first pixel having the first color is different from the second anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTG) of the second pixel having the second color.

[0143] In the embodiment, the first black voltage (e.g., V0R) of the first pixel having the first color is different from the second black voltage (e.g., V0G) of the second pixel having the second color.

[0144] The drive controller 200 can include a black voltage calculator 220A that determines the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM, and an anode initialization voltage calculator 240 that determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM.

[0145] The display panel 100 can include a first pixel (e.g., a red pixel) having a first color, a second pixel (e.g., a green pixel) having a second color, and a third pixel (e.g., a blue pixel) having a third color.

[0146] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 11 , the red pixel can include a red light emitting element EER and a red light emitting element initialization switching element PT7R, the green pixel can include a green light emitting element EEG and a green light emitting element initialization switching element PT7G, and the blue pixel can include a blue light emitting element EEB and a blue light emitting element initialization switching element PT7B.

[0147] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel and the anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the blue pixel.

[0148] In an embodiment, for example, the anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the red pixel can be less than the anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel. The anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel can be less than the anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the blue pixel.

[0149] In an embodiment, the black voltage V0R of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the black voltage V0G of the green pixel and the black voltage V0B of the blue pixel.

[0150] In an embodiment, for example, the black voltage V0R of the red pixel can be greater than the black voltage V0G of the green pixel. The black voltage V0G of the green pixel can be greater than the black voltage V0B of the blue pixel.

[0151] In an embodiment, as shown in Figures 12 to 14 , the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B can be determined in such a way that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is less than a first target luminance LT1 (STEP1 in Figure 12 ). In addition, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be determined in such a way that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is less than a second target luminance LT2 that is less than the first target luminance LT1 (STEP2 in Figure 12STEP2) in the above description.

[0152] In the embodiment, the measured luminance LM can be controlled to be less than the first target luminance LT1 by adjusting the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B. However, when the measured luminance LM is controlled to be less than the first target luminance LT1 by adjusting the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B can become too high, so that the display quality can be degraded and the power consumption can be increased. Therefore, in the embodiment, after the measured luminance LM is controlled to be less than the first target luminance LT1 by adjusting the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B, the measured luminance LM can be controlled to be less than the second target luminance LT2 by adjusting the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB.

[0153] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 13 In the embodiment, as shown in In the embodiment, as shown in

[0154] In the embodiment, for example, when the initial values of the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B are changed, an offset can be added to or subtracted from the initial values of the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B. In the embodiment, for example, the offset can have different values according to the colors of the pixels based on the weights according to the colors of the pixels. In the embodiment, for example, the weight of the red pixel can be greater than the weights of the green pixel and the blue pixel. Therefore, the absolute value of the offset of the red pixel can be greater than the absolute values of the offsets of the green pixel and the blue pixel.

[0155] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 14 In the embodiment, as shown in

[0156] In an embodiment, for example, at least one of the initial value VAR1 of the initial value of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the first pixel, the initial value VAG1 of the initial value of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the second pixel, and the initial value VAB of the initial value of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the third pixel can be different from the other initial values selected from the above initial values. At least one of the offset amount for changing the initial value VAR1 of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the first pixel, the offset amount for changing the initial value VAG1 of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the second pixel, and the offset amount for changing the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the third pixel can be different from the other offset amounts selected from the above offset amounts. Although as shown in FIG. 6, in an embodiment, the offset amount for changing the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB is zero, the present application can not be limited thereto. Figure 14

[0157] In an embodiment, for example, when the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are changed, the offset amount can be added to or subtracted from the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB. In an embodiment, for example, the offset amount can have different values according to the colors of the pixels based on the weights according to the colors of the pixels.

[0158] Accordingly, at least one of the result value VAR2 of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR, the result value VAG2 of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG, and the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB can have a value different from the values of the other anode initialization voltages. In an embodiment, for example, the result value VAR2 of the first anode initialization voltage VAINTR, the result value VAG2 of the second anode initialization voltage VAINTG, and the initial value VAB of the third anode initialization voltage VAINTB can have values different from each other.

[0159] According to an embodiment, the drive controller 200 can determine the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR and the luminance setting value DIM. The black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be differently set according to the colors of the pixels.

[0160] ​The black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR and the brightness setting value DIM so that the black brightness of the display panel 100 can be sufficiently reduced to match the target brightness without excessively raising the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B.

[0161] In addition, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are differently set according to the color of the pixel so that the black image can be effectively prevented from being biased to a specific color (e.g., reddish).

[0162] In addition, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the brightness setting value DIM, and at a low brightness setting value DIM, a black voltage higher than a predetermined desired voltage can not be used so that the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage can be substantially reduced. When the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage is reduced, the temporal afterimage due to the hysteresis of the driving switching element can be effectively prevented, and the power consumption can be substantially reduced.

[0163] In addition, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR and the brightness setting value DIM so that the display in an interpolation zone between predetermined measurement points of the brightness setting value DIM can be effectively prevented from showing an undesirably high brightness.

[0164] In addition, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR and the brightness setting value DIM so that the step efficiency characteristic, which refers to the brightness difference between the first frame and the second frame, can be improved.

[0165] Figure 15 FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0166] The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display apparatus according to the above-described embodiment with reference to FIG. 1, except that the black voltages and the anode initialization voltages are determined based on the driving frequency, the brightness setting value, and the temperature. Figure 15 The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display apparatus according to the above-described embodiment with reference to FIG. 1, except that the black voltages and the anode initialization voltages are determined based on the driving frequency, the brightness setting value, and the temperature. Figures 1 to 9 The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display apparatus according to the above-described embodiment with reference to FIG. 1, except that the black voltages and the anode initialization voltages are determined based on the driving frequency, the brightness setting value, and the temperature. Figures 1 to 9 The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display apparatus according to the above-described embodiment with reference to FIG. 1, except that the black voltages and the anode initialization voltages are determined based on the driving frequency, the brightness setting value, and the temperature.

[0167] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figures 5 to 9 and Figure 15 In an embodiment, the drive controller 200 determines the black voltage V0 based on the drive frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, and determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP. The first anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTR) of the first pixel having the first color is different from the second anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTG) of the second pixel having the second color.

[0168] In an embodiment, the black voltage V0 can have the same level regardless of the color of the pixel, that is, the same black voltage V0 can be applied to each pixel.

[0169] The drive controller 200 can include a black voltage calculator 220B that determines the black voltage V0 based on the drive frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, and an anode initialization voltage calculator 240B that determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP.

[0170] In an embodiment, for example, as the temperature TEMP increases, the black voltage V0 can increase. When the temperature TEMP is high, Figure 2 The mobility of the pixel switching element in the display panel 100 of the embodiment can be high. Therefore, by Figure 2 The risk of current leakage of the third pixel switching element PT3 and the fourth pixel switching element PT4 of the display panel 100 of the embodiment can increase. Therefore, in an embodiment, as the temperature TEMP increases, the black voltage V0 can be increased to effectively prevent the black luminance from becoming higher than the target luminance.

[0171] In an embodiment, for example, as the temperature TEMP increases, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can decrease. When the temperature TEMP is high, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be decreased as the black voltage V0 is increased to effectively prevent the black luminance from becoming higher than the target luminance.

[0172] Referring back to Figure 5The method of driving the display panel 100 according to the embodiment includes determining an initial value of the black voltage V0 based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP (operation S100), determining the black voltage V0 by changing the initial value of the black voltage V0 so that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is less than the first target luminance LT1 (operations S100, S200, and S300), determining initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP (operation S400), and determining the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB by changing the initial values of the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB so that the measured luminance LM of the display panel 100 is less than the second target luminance LT2 (operations S400, S500, and S600). The black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP can be stored in the memory 700. These processes can be included in an initial setting step of the display panel 100.

[0173] The method of driving the display panel 100 can further include generating the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the input driving frequency FR, the input luminance setting value DIM, and the input temperature TEMP, determining the data voltage based on the black voltage V0, outputting the data voltage to the pixels of the display panel 100, and outputting the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB to the pixels. These processes can be included in a step in which the display panel 100 is driven by a user.

[0174] According to the embodiment, the driving controller 200 can determine the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP. The anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be differently set according to the colors of the pixels.

[0175] The black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP so that the black luminance of the display panel 100 can be sufficiently lowered to match the target luminance without excessively raising the black voltage V0.

[0176] In addition, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are set differently according to the color of the pixel, so that it is possible to effectively prevent a black image from being biased toward a specific color (e.g., reddish).

[0177] In addition, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the luminance setting value DIM, and at a low luminance setting value DIM, it is possible to not use a black voltage that is higher than a predetermined desired voltage, so that it is possible to substantially reduce the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage. When the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage is reduced, it is possible to effectively prevent a transient image due to hysteresis of the driving switching element, and it is possible to substantially reduce power consumption.

[0178] In addition, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, so that it is possible to effectively prevent an undesired high luminance from being displayed in an interpolation region between predetermined measurement points of the luminance setting value DIM.

[0179] In addition, the black voltage V0 and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the driving frequency FR, the luminance setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, so that it is possible to improve a step efficiency characteristic that refers to a luminance difference between the first frame and the second frame.

[0180] Figure 16 is a block diagram showing a driving controller 200 and a memory 700 of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0181] In addition to the black voltage and the anode initialization voltages being determined based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature, a display device according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display device according to the embodiment described above with reference to Figure 16 In addition to the black voltage and the anode initialization voltages being determined based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature, a display device according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display device according to the embodiment described above with reference to Figures 10 to 14 In addition to the black voltage and the anode initialization voltages being determined based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature, a display device according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display device according to the embodiment described above with reference to Figures 10 to 14 In addition to the black voltage and the anode initialization voltages being determined based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature, a display device according to an embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the display device according to the embodiment described above with reference to

[0182] Reference will now be made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 11 to 14 and Figure 16In an embodiment, the drive controller 200 determines the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, and determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP. The first anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTR) of the first pixel having the first color is different from the second anode initialization voltage (e.g., VAINTG) of the second pixel having the second color.

[0183] In an embodiment, the first black voltage (e.g., V0R) of the first pixel having the first color is different from the second black voltage (e.g., V0G) of the second pixel having the second color.

[0184] The drive controller 200 can include a black voltage calculator 220C that determines the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, and an anode initialization voltage calculator 240C that determines the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP.

[0185] In an embodiment, the anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel and the anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the blue pixel.

[0186] In an embodiment, for example, the anode initialization voltage VAINTR of the red pixel can be less than the anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel. The anode initialization voltage VAINTG of the green pixel can be less than the anode initialization voltage VAINTB of the blue pixel.

[0187] In an embodiment, the black voltage V0R of the red pixel can be different from at least one selected from the black voltage V0G of the green pixel and the black voltage V0B of the blue pixel.

[0188] In an embodiment, for example, the black voltage V0R of the red pixel can be greater than the black voltage V0G of the green pixel. The black voltage V0G of the green pixel can be greater than the black voltage V0B of the blue pixel.

[0189] According to an embodiment, the drive controller 200 can determine the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP. The black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB can be differently set according to the color of the pixel.

[0190] The black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, so that the black brightness of the display panel 100 can be sufficiently reduced to match the target brightness without excessively raising the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B.

[0191] In addition, the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are differently set according to the color of the pixel, so that it is possible to effectively prevent a black image from being biased to a specific color (e.g., a reddish color).

[0192] In addition, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the brightness setting value DIM, and at a low brightness setting value DIM, it is possible to not use a black voltage higher than a predetermined desired voltage, so that it is possible to substantially reduce a range between a lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and a highest gray voltage. When the range between the lowest gray voltage (black voltage V0) and the highest gray voltage is reduced, it is possible to effectively prevent a transient image due to a hysteresis of a driving switching element, and it is possible to substantially reduce power consumption.

[0193] In addition, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, so that it is possible to effectively prevent a display of an undesired high brightness in an interpolation zone between predetermined measurement points of the brightness setting value DIM.

[0194] In addition, the black voltages V0R, V0G, and V0B and the anode initialization voltages VAINTR, VAINTG, and VAINTB are determined based on the drive frequency FR, the brightness setting value DIM, and the temperature TEMP, so that it is possible to improve a step efficiency characteristic which refers to a brightness difference between a first frame and a second frame.

[0195] Figure 17 FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 18 FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 17FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 implemented as an embodiment of a smart phone. Figure 19 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 implemented as an embodiment of a monitor. Figure 17 FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device 1000 implemented as an embodiment of a smart phone.

[0196] Referring to FIG. 1, Figures 17 to 19 An embodiment of the electronic device 1000 can include a processor 1010, a memory device 1020, a storage device 1030, an input / output (I / O) device 1040, a power supply 1050, and a display device 1060. Here, the display device 1060 can be a display device of the electronic device 1000. In addition, the electronic device 1000 can further include a plurality of ports for communication with a video card, a sound card, a memory card, a universal serial bus (USB) device, other electronic devices, etc. Figure 1

[0197] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, Figure 18 The electronic device 1000 can be implemented as a smart phone. In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, Figure 19 The electronic device 1000 can be implemented as a monitor. However, the electronic device 1000 is not limited thereto. In an embodiment, for example, the electronic device 1000 can be implemented as a television, a cellular phone, a video phone, a smart pad, a smart watch, a tablet computer, a car navigation system, a laptop computer, or a head-mounted display (HMD) device, etc.

[0198] The processor 1010 can perform various computing functions or various tasks. The processor 1010 can be a microprocessor, a central processing unit (CPU), or an application processor (AP), etc. The processor 1010 can be coupled to other components via an address bus, a control bus, a data bus, etc. In addition, the processor 1010 can be coupled to an expansion bus such as a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0199] The processor 1010 can output input image data IMG and an input control signal CONT to a drive controller 200 of the electronic device 1000. The processor 1010 can also be referred to as a host. Figure 1

[0200] ​​The memory device 1020 can store data for operations of the electronic device 1000. In an embodiment, for example, the memory device 1020 can include at least one non-volatile memory device such as an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) device, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) device, a flash memory device, a phase-change random access memory (PRAM) device, a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device, a nano floating-gate memory (NFGM) device, a polymer random access memory (PoRAM) device, a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) device, or a ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) device, and / or at least one volatile memory device such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) device, a static random access memory (SRAM) device, or a mobile DRAM device.

[0201] The storage device 1030 can include a solid state drive (SSD) device, a hard disk drive (HDD) device, or a CD-ROM device, etc. The I / O device 1040 can include an input device such as a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse device, a touchpad, or a touch screen, and an output device such as a printer or a speaker. In some embodiments, the display device 1060 can be included in the I / O device 1040. The power supply 1050 can provide power for operations of the electronic device 1000. The display device 1060 can be coupled to the other components via a bus or other communication link.

[0202] According to embodiments of the display device, the method of driving a display panel using the display device, and the electronic device including the display device, the display quality of the display device can be improved, and the power consumption of the display device can be substantially reduced.

[0203] The present application should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the inventive concept to those skilled in the art.

[0204] While the present application has been particularly shown and described with reference to embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display apparatus comprising: a display panel; a data driver that outputs a data voltage to the display panel; and a driving controller that determines a black voltage based on a driving frequency and a luminance setting value and determines an anode initializing voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance setting value, wherein a first anode initializing voltage of a first pixel having a first color is different from a second anode initializing voltage of a second pixel having a second color. The black voltage is determined in a manner such that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a first target luminance.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The anode initializing voltage is determined in a manner such that the measured luminance of the display panel is less than a second target luminance, which is less than the first target luminance.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein The display panel includes the first pixel having the first color, the second pixel having the second color, and a third pixel having a third color, 4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein wherein at least one of an initial value of the first anode initializing voltage of the first pixel, an initial value of the second anode initializing voltage of the second pixel, and an initial value of a third anode initializing voltage of the third pixel is different from another of the initial value of the first anode initializing voltage of the first pixel, the initial value of the second anode initializing voltage of the second pixel, and the initial value of the third anode initializing voltage of the third pixel, and wherein at least one of an offset amount for changing the initial value of the first anode initializing voltage of the first pixel, an offset amount for changing the initial value of the second anode initializing voltage of the second pixel, and an offset amount for changing the initial value of the third anode initializing voltage of the third pixel is different from another of the offset amount for changing the initial value of the first anode initializing voltage of the first pixel, the offset amount for changing the initial value of the second anode initializing voltage of the second pixel, and the offset amount for changing the initial value of the third anode initializing voltage of the third pixel. The anode initializing voltage of a red pixel is different from at least one selected from the anode initializing voltage of a green pixel and the anode initializing voltage of a blue pixel.

5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The anode initializing voltage of the red pixel is less than the anode initializing voltage of the green pixel, and 6. The display device of claim 5, wherein, wherein the anode initializing voltage of the green pixel is less than the anode initializing voltage of the blue pixel. The black voltage has a same level regardless of a color of a pixel.

7. The display device according to claim 1, wherein A first black voltage of the first pixel having the first color is different from a second black voltage of the second pixel having the second color.

8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The display panel includes the first pixel having the first color, the second pixel having the second color, and a third pixel having a third color, 9. The display device of claim 8, wherein, ​ wherein at least one of the initial values selected from the initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, the initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and the initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel is different from another of the initial values selected from the initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, the initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and the initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel, and wherein at least one of the offsets selected from the offset for changing the initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, the offset for changing the initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and the offset for changing the initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel is different from another of the offsets selected from the offset for changing the initial value of the first black voltage of the first pixel, the offset for changing the initial value of the second black voltage of the second pixel, and the offset for changing the initial value of the third black voltage of the third pixel.

10. The display device of claim 8, wherein, The black voltage of the red pixel is different from at least one selected from the black voltage of the green pixel and the black voltage of the blue pixel.

11. The display device of claim 10, wherein, The black voltage of the red pixel is greater than the black voltage of the green pixel, and wherein the black voltage of the green pixel is greater than the black voltage of the blue pixel.

12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The black voltage increases as the driving frequency decreases.

13. The display device of claim 12, wherein, The anode initialization voltage decreases as the driving frequency decreases.

14. The display device of claim 1, wherein, The black voltage increases as the luminance setting value increases.

15. The display device of claim 14, wherein, The anode initialization voltage decreases as the luminance setting value increases.

16. The display device of claim 1, wherein, The driving controller determines the black voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and a temperature and determines the anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature.

17. The display device of claim 16, wherein, The black voltage has the same level regardless of the color of a pixel.

18. The display device of claim 16, wherein, A first black voltage of the first pixel having the first color is different from a second black voltage of the second pixel having the second color.

19. The display device of claim 16, wherein, The black voltage increases as the temperature increases.

20. The display device of claim 19, wherein, The anode initialization voltage decreases as the temperature increases.

21. The display device of claim 1, wherein, The display panel includes pixels, and wherein the pixels include: a first pixel switch element including a control electrode connected to a first pixel node, a first electrode connected to a second pixel node, and a second electrode connected to a third pixel node; a second pixel switch element including a control electrode receiving a data write gate signal, a first electrode receiving the data voltage, and a second electrode connected to the second pixel node; a third pixel switch element including a control electrode receiving a compensation gate signal, a first electrode connected to the first pixel node, and a second electrode connected to the third pixel node; a fourth pixel switch element including a control electrode receiving a data initialization gate signal, a first electrode receiving a first initialization voltage, and a second electrode connected to the first pixel node; a fifth pixel switching element including a control electrode that receives an emission signal, a first electrode that receives a first pixel power supply voltage, and a second electrode that is connected to the second pixel node; a sixth pixel switching element including a control electrode that receives the emission signal, a first electrode that is connected to the third pixel node, and a second electrode that is connected to an anode electrode of a light emitting element; a seventh pixel switching element including a control electrode that receives a light emitting element initialization gate signal, a first electrode that receives the anode initialization voltage, and a second electrode that is connected to the anode electrode of the light emitting element; and the light emitting element including the anode electrode and a cathode electrode that receives a second pixel power supply voltage.

22. A method of driving a display panel, the method comprising: determining an initial value of a black voltage based on a driving frequency and a luminance setting value; determining the black voltage by changing the initial value of the black voltage in such a manner that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a first target luminance; determining an initial value of an anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance setting value; determining the anode initialization voltage by changing the initial value of the anode initialization voltage in such a manner that the measured luminance of the display panel is less than a second target luminance, the second target luminance being less than the first target luminance; storing a plurality of black voltages including the black voltage and a plurality of anode initialization voltages including the anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency and the luminance setting value in a memory; generating the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage based on an input driving frequency and an input luminance setting value; determining a data voltage based on the black voltage; outputting the data voltage to a pixel of the display panel; and outputting the anode initialization voltage to the pixel.

23. A method of driving a display panel, the method comprising: determining an initial value of a black voltage based on a driving frequency, a luminance setting value, and a temperature; determining the black voltage by changing the initial value of the black voltage in such a manner that a measured luminance of the display panel is less than a first target luminance; determining an initial value of an anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature; determining the anode initialization voltage by changing the initial value of the anode initialization voltage in such a manner that the measured luminance of the display panel is less than a second target luminance, the second target luminance being less than the first target luminance; storing a plurality of black voltages including the black voltage and a plurality of anode initialization voltages including the anode initialization voltage based on the driving frequency, the luminance setting value, and the temperature in a memory; generating the black voltage and the anode initialization voltage based on an input driving frequency, an input luminance setting value, and an input temperature; determining a data voltage based on the black voltage; outputting the data voltage to a pixel of the display panel; and outputting the anode initialization voltage to the pixel.

24. An electronic device comprising: ​ ​ The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 21; And A host outputs input image data and an input control signal to the drive controller.

Images