Intelligent dispatching system for hydrogen fuel cell power grid

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent dispatching system for a hydrogen fuel cell power grid, which belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, and comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, a solid hydrogen production device, a storage battery and a control system, and the hydrogen fuel cell, the solid hydrogen production device and the storage battery are all in control connection with the control system; when the power of the electric load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the control system controls the storage battery to discharge to supplement the output power; when the power of the electric load is equal to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the control system controls the solid hydrogen production device to maintain the hydrogen production rate; when the power of the electric load is smaller than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the control system controls the solid hydrogen production device to reduce the hydrogen production rate and controls the storage battery to be charged so as to absorb part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell. The method can promote the balance of power supply power and power utilization load power, improve the hydrogen utilization rate, avoid excessive starting and stopping times of the hydrogen fuel cell, help to prolong the service life of a galvanic pile, and expand the application scene of the hydrogen fuel cell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent scheduling system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydrogen fuel cell can directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, and the energy conversion process is not limited by the Carnot cycle. Compared with traditional internal combustion engines, the energy conversion efficiency has obvious advantages, can effectively reduce energy loss, and improve energy utilization. In the reaction process, the main product is water, which can basically achieve zero emission of greenhouse gases and pollutants, and is very friendly to the environment, which helps to alleviate air pollution and reduce the greenhouse effect. Compared with traditional fuel power generation equipment, the noise generated by the hydrogen fuel cell during operation is minimal, which has obvious advantages in some scenes with strict noise restrictions.

[0003] In order to adapt to the power change of the electrical load, the hydrogen fuel cell will face frequent start, stop and operation under different working conditions. However, the key materials of the hydrogen fuel cell (such as proton exchange membrane, noble metal catalyst, etc.) are expensive and the production process is complex, resulting in high manufacturing cost of the hydrogen fuel cell. Its performance will decay with the increase of use time and start-stop number, such as catalyst activity reduction, proton exchange membrane aging, etc. And the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device providing hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell rises and falls slowly, so that the hydrogen production rate cannot change with the rapid change of the electrical load, causing the hydrogen fuel cell to respond slowly to the power change of the electrical load, resulting in power imbalance. Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell power supply currently has the problems of too many start-stop times, mismatch between hydrogen supply and demand, and power imbalance. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application is provided, which provides a hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent scheduling system, the hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent scheduling system comprises: a hydrogen fuel cell, a solid hydrogen production device, a storage battery and a control system, the hydrogen fuel cell, the solid hydrogen production device and the storage battery are connected with the control system for control;

[0005] The hydrogen gas outlet of the solid hydrogen production device and the hydrogen gas inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode are connected in gas path;

[0006] The control system is used for intelligent scheduling of mixed power supply state according to the electrical load power and the hydrogen fuel cell output power;

[0007] The intelligent scheduling of the mixed power supply state comprises:

[0008] When the power of the electric load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the control system controls the solid hydrogen production device to increase the hydrogen production rate and controls the battery to discharge to supplement the output power;

[0009] When the power of the electric load is equal to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the control system controls the solid hydrogen production device to maintain the hydrogen production rate;

[0010] When the power of the electric load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the control system controls the solid hydrogen production device to decrease the hydrogen production rate and controls the battery to charge to absorb part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0011] Optionally, the solid hydrogen production device further comprises a hydrogen storage device, which is connected with the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen production device and the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell respectively, and is connected with the control system;

[0012] The control system is further used to control the hydrogen storage device to store the hydrogen produced by the solid hydrogen production device when the power of the electric load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, and to control the hydrogen storage device to release the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell when the power of the electric load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0013] Optionally, the solid hydrogen production device further comprises a hydrogen compressor, which is connected with the hydrogen storage device in gas circuit and is connected with the control system, and the control system is further used to control the hydrogen compressor to compress the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device.

[0014] Optionally, the power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell and the DC-DC converter are electrically connected.

[0015] Optionally, the control system is further used to control the solid hydrogen production device to increase the hydrogen production rate when the power of the electric load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0016] Optionally, the control system is further used to control the battery to absorb the part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell which exceeds the power of the electric load when the power of the electric load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0017] Optionally, the control system is further used to control the working mode of the solid hydrogen production device, which includes device activation state, standby / micro-power hydrogen production mode, low-load hydrogen production mode, high-efficiency / optimal hydrogen production mode, high-load / rated hydrogen production mode, overload / peak hydrogen production mode and device cooling state.

[0018] The standby / micro-power hydrogen production mode corresponds to a hydrogen fuel cell stack power standby / micro-power region, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell stack power ranges from 0% to 10% of the rated power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0019] The low-load hydrogen production mode corresponds to a hydrogen fuel cell stack power low-load region, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell stack power ranges from 10% to 30% of the rated power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0020] The high-efficiency / optimal hydrogen production mode corresponds to a hydrogen fuel cell stack power high-efficiency / optimal operation region, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell stack power ranges from 30% to 70% of the rated power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0021] The high-load / rated hydrogen production mode corresponds to a hydrogen fuel cell stack power high-load / rated hydrogen production region, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell stack power ranges from 70% to 100% of the rated power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0022] The overload / peak hydrogen production mode corresponds to a hydrogen fuel cell stack power overload / peak power region, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell stack power exceeds 100% of the rated power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0023] The charging rate categories of the battery include trickle charging, slow / conventional charging, medium-speed charging, and fast charging, wherein the charging rate range of the trickle charging is less than 0.1C, the charging rate range of the slow / conventional charging is 0.1C to 0.3C, the charging rate range of the medium-speed charging is 0.3C to 0.7C, and the charging rate range of the fast charging is 0.7C to 2.0C.

[0024] Optionally, the control system is further configured to control the solid hydrogen production device to operate at the activation power when the electrical load is disconnected.

[0025] Optionally, the control system is further configured to control the solid hydrogen production device to enter the activation power state when the electrical load power is less than the hydrogen fuel cell output power and the battery power is higher than a first threshold, and to control the solid hydrogen production device to enter the cooling state when the electrical load power is less than the hydrogen fuel cell output power and the battery power is higher than a second threshold, the first threshold being less than the second threshold.

[0026] Optionally, the battery further comprises a battery management system, and the battery management system comprises a data acquisition module, a state evaluation module, a battery control module, and a communication module.

[0027] The data acquisition module is configured to monitor battery state parameters in real time.

[0028] The state evaluation module is configured to output battery evaluation and prediction information according to the battery state parameters.

[0029] The battery control module is configured to control the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the battery evaluation and prediction information.

[0030] The communication module is configured to communicate the battery and the control system.

[0031] The above technical solutions provided by the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The technical solutions provided by the present application can promote the balance between the power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power load, help the safety and stability of the power grid, promote the balance between the supply and demand of hydrogen gas of the hydrogen fuel cell, help to keep the hydrogen gas pressure safe and stable, help to improve the utilization rate and energy conversion rate of hydrogen gas, can buffer the power change, avoid excessive start-stop times of the hydrogen fuel cell, reduce the loss of proton exchange membrane and noble metal catalyst of the hydrogen fuel cell, and reduce the maintenance cost of the power supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell. By increasing the charging and discharging times of the battery with lower cost, the start-stop times of the hydrogen fuel cell with higher cost can be greatly reduced, and at the same time, the hydrogen fuel cell can also work at a higher efficiency, greatly improving the life of the stack, reducing the system cost, and helping to expand the application scenarios of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0034] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with the help of the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with the embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell power grid intelligent scheduling system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of state A in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of state B in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of state C in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of state D in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of state E in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, they are not intended to limit the present disclosure to the specific embodiments. Rather, the present disclosure includes all solutions falling within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0043] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell power grid intelligent scheduling system, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 The hydrogen fuel cell power grid intelligent scheduling system includes a hydrogen fuel cell 1, a solid hydrogen production device 2, a storage battery 3 and a control system 4, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the solid hydrogen production device 2 and the storage battery 3 are all connected with the control system 4; the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen production device 2 is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 in gas circuit; the control system 4 is used for intelligent scheduling of a hybrid power supply state according to the power of the power load and the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1; the hybrid power supply state includes: when the power of the power load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the control system 4 controls the solid hydrogen production device 2 to increase the hydrogen production rate and controls the storage battery 3 to discharge to supplement the output power; when the power of the power load is equal to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the control system 4 controls the solid hydrogen production device 2 to maintain the hydrogen production rate; when the power of the power load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the control system 4 controls the solid hydrogen production device 2 to reduce the hydrogen production rate and controls the storage battery 3 to charge to absorb part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1.

[0044] The hydrogen fuel cell 1 belongs to a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell. A single PEM fuel cell has a low output voltage, and an actual fuel cell is composed of multiple cells connected in series, referred to as a fuel cell stack, simply referred to as a stack. The fuel cell stack mainly includes bipolar plates, membrane electrode assemblies, sealing gaskets, heat removal plates, current collectors, insulating plates, end cover plates, etc. The membrane electrode assembly includes a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer, and a diffusion layer. The proton exchange membrane has the functions of a diaphragm and an electrolyte, prevents gas communication between the anode and the cathode, prevents hydrogen and oxygen from mixing and exploding, only allows protons to pass through, and blocks the transmission of electrons, forcing the electrons to flow through an external circuit to output electric energy. The catalyst is mainly platinum (Pt), and the production process of the hydrogen fuel cell is complex, resulting in a high manufacturing cost of the hydrogen fuel cell, which limits its large-scale commercialization and application in many application scenarios, and only a few special fields that are relatively insensitive to cost can be applied first. The hydrogen fuel cell 1 includes a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, a cathode catalyst layer, an anode end plate, a cathode end plate, an anode gas diffusion layer, and a cathode gas diffusion layer.

[0045] In the above scheme, the control system 4 switches the hybrid power supply state according to the power of the electrical load and the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, which can promote the balance between the power supply of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power of the electrical load, and is helpful for the safety and stability of the power grid. When the power of the electrical load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the control system 4 controls the solid hydrogen production device 2 to reduce the hydrogen production rate, which can promote the balance between the supply and demand of hydrogen gas of the hydrogen fuel cell, help to keep the hydrogen gas pressure safe and stable, and help to improve the hydrogen utilization rate and energy conversion rate. When the power of the electrical load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the control system 4 controls the battery 3 to discharge to supplement the output power, and when the power of the electrical load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the control system 4 controls the battery 3 to charge to absorb part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, which can buffer the power change, avoid excessive start-stop of the hydrogen fuel cell, reduce the loss of the proton exchange membrane and noble metal catalyst of the hydrogen fuel cell, and reduce the maintenance cost of the power supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, the power consumption load prediction values of multiple continuous time periods are obtained, the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device 2 in the corresponding time period is set according to the power consumption load prediction values of the multiple continuous time periods, the power consumption load prediction values of the multiple continuous time periods are de-dimensioned and normalized to obtain power consumption load demand values of the multiple continuous time periods, the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device 2 in the corresponding time period is de-dimensioned and normalized to obtain a supply value of the solid hydrogen production device 2 in the corresponding time period, the sum of the absolute values of the differences between the demand values and the supply values in the multiple continuous corresponding time periods is taken as a loss function, and a scheduling optimization method such as a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the scheduling scheme when the loss function is at a minimum, that is, the hydrogen production rate setting value of the multiple continuous time periods. When the loss function is at a minimum, the hydrogen production rate setting value of the multiple continuous time periods is used to configure the hydrogen output gas path of the solid hydrogen production device 2. The hydrogen output gas path passes through at least one hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen storage device adjusts the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device 2 by releasing or absorbing hydrogen in the hydrogen output gas path.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, the solid hydrogen production device 2 further comprises a hydrogen storage device, which is respectively connected with the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen production device 2 and the hydrogen inlet gas path of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, and the hydrogen storage device is controlled by the control system 4.

[0048] The control system 4 is further configured to control the hydrogen storage device to store the hydrogen produced by the solid hydrogen production device 2 when the power consumption load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, and control the hydrogen storage device to release the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 when the power consumption load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1.

[0049] The hydrogen storage device can promote the balance between supply and demand of hydrogen in the hydrogen fuel cell, help maintain a safe and stable hydrogen pressure, and help improve hydrogen utilization and energy conversion efficiency.

[0050] Further, in some optional embodiments, the solid hydrogen production device 2 further comprises a hydrogen compression device, which is connected in gas communication with the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen compression device is controlled by the control system 4. The control system 4 is further configured to control the hydrogen compression device to compress the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device.

[0051] The hydrogen compression device can increase the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage device, enhance the regulation and control capability of the balance between supply and demand of hydrogen, help maintain a safe and stable hydrogen pressure, and help improve hydrogen utilization and energy conversion efficiency.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, asFigure 1 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is electrically connected with a DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converter converts the input DC voltage into the required output voltage level, meets the needs of different devices, monitors the output parameters in real time, triggers the protection mechanism to avoid load damage, provides overvoltage / overcurrent protection, and prevents overcharging / overdischarging in battery-powered devices.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, the control system 4 is further configured to control the solid hydrogen production device 2 to increase the hydrogen production rate when the power of the electrical load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1. By increasing the hydrogen production rate, the hydrogen supply of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is increased, and the power output level of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is increased, which helps to balance the power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power of the electrical load.

[0054] In some optional embodiments, the control system 4 is further configured to control the hydrogen fuel cell 1 to supply power to the control system 4 when the power of the electrical load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1. At this time, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is too large, and in order to balance the power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power of the electrical load, the electrical load on the load side can also be increased, thereby increasing the power of the electrical load and reducing the difference between the power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power of the electrical load. Therefore, the power consumption of the control system 4 is also provided by the hydrogen fuel cell 1, which helps to reduce the difference between the power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power of the electrical load, balance the power of the hydrogen fuel cell and the power of the electrical load, and reduce the power fluctuation range.

[0055] In some optional embodiments, the battery 3 further comprises a battery management system, which comprises a data acquisition module, a state evaluation module, a battery control module, and a communication module;

[0056] The data acquisition module is configured to monitor battery state parameters in real time, such as monitoring the voltage, current, temperature, and other parameters of the battery;

[0057] The state evaluation module is configured to evaluate and predict the state of health (SOH) and state of charge (SOC) of the battery according to the battery state parameters, and output battery evaluation and prediction information to provide a basis for the reasonable use and maintenance of the battery;

[0058] The battery control module is configured to control the charging and discharging process of the battery 3 according to the battery evaluation and prediction information, such as preventing overcharging, overdischarging, overheating, etc., to prolong the service life of the battery and ensure the safety and reliability of the battery;

[0059] The communication module is configured to communicate between the battery 3 and the control system 4, to realize the communication between the battery and external devices, to transmit the state information of the battery to the external devices, and to receive the control instructions of the external devices, so as to realize the remote monitoring and management of the battery.

[0060] Further, in some specific embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the hybrid power supply state specifically includes state A, state B, state C, state D and state E.

[0061] State A belongs to the power supply starting stage, and the process needs to detect the output power P1 of the battery, and P1 is also the target power supply power of the hydrogen fuel cell. In some optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , the battery 3 is detected, and the control system 4 is further configured to control the solid hydrogen production device 2 to enter the activation power state when the battery 3 is lower than the lower limit of the start (for example, the battery 3 is less than or equal to 65%), the solid hydrogen production device 2 works according to the activation power P0, the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is started after the hydrogen pressure reaches the starting pressure, the solid hydrogen production device 2 works according to the target power P1 and the target pressure, and then enters the stable working stage.

[0062] As shown in Figure 3 , in the stable working stage, the solid hydrogen production device 2 continuously works in the automatic control mode of maintaining the hydrogen pressure, and the output power 100% of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is used to supply power to the power load, and at this time, the working state is state B.

[0063] In the fluctuation working stage: when the power load has a large fluctuation, the working state will be switched between state C and state D. State C is shown in Figure 4 , the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device 2 is lower than the hydrogen consumption rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is less than the power load, and the control system 4 controls the battery 3 to discharge to supplement the output power. State D is shown in Figure 5 , the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device 2 is higher than the hydrogen consumption rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, and the power load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, and the control system 4 controls the battery 3 to charge to absorb part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1.

[0064] In the shutdown stage, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 needs to be gradually reduced to zero (related to the hydrogen production rate), and after the hybrid power supply device shutdown button is pressed, state E is directly entered, as shown in Figure 6As shown, at this time, the solid hydrogen production device 2 enters the cooling state, the hydrogen production rate gradually decreases, and the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is all used to charge the battery 3. Until the pressure of the solid hydrogen production device 2 drops to a safety value, which is lower than the starting pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is reduced to zero, and the hybrid power supply device is completely shut down.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, the control system 4 is further configured to control the solid hydrogen production device 2 to enter the activation power state when the power of the electrical load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 and the state of charge of the battery 3 is higher than a first threshold (for example, 85%), and to control the solid hydrogen production device 2 to enter the cooling state when the power of the electrical load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 and the state of charge of the battery 3 is higher than a second threshold (for example, 95%), the first threshold being less than the second threshold. The activation power state is a transition state between the stable working state and the cooling state of the solid hydrogen production device 2. When the state of charge of the battery 3 is lower than 85%, the system charges the battery 3 with the additional output power of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, when the state of charge of the battery 3 is between 85% and 95%, the system tries to reduce the charging of the battery 3, and when the state of charge of the battery 3 is higher than 95%, the system preferentially uses the battery 3 for power output, so as to maintain the state of charge below 95% as much as possible. Of course, the above-mentioned 85% and 95% in this embodiment are determined and adjustable according to the battery capacity, the maximum power of the load, and the output capacity of the stack.

[0066] In the extreme case (sudden disconnection of the electrical load), state E is immediately entered. In some optional embodiments, the control system 4 is further configured to control the solid hydrogen production device 2 to work according to the activation power when the electrical load is disconnected. In this case, the battery 3 is charged according to the maximum safe charging current of the battery, according to the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 3, until the state of charge of the battery 3 is greater than or equal to a first threshold (for example, 85%), and then the solid hydrogen production device 2 enters the cooling state until the solid hydrogen production device 2 is in standby. Since the power of the electrical load suddenly drops to zero when the electrical load (electrical load) is disconnected, the power imbalance is highlighted, and it is necessary to reduce the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrogen production device 2 as soon as possible, so when the electrical load is disconnected, the control system 4 controls the solid hydrogen production device 2 to work according to the activation power, and when the state of charge of the battery 3 is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the control system 4 controls the solid hydrogen production device 2 to enter the cooling state, instead of waiting until the state of charge of the battery 3 is higher than a second threshold (for example, 95%) before controlling the solid hydrogen production device 2 to enter the cooling state.

[0067] In some optional embodiments, the solid hydrogen production device 2 and the hydrogen fuel cell 1 are provided with corresponding working modes for implementation. As shown in Table 1, the working modes of the solid hydrogen production device 2 include: device activation state, standby / micro-power hydrogen production mode, low-load hydrogen production mode, high-efficiency / optimal hydrogen production mode, high-load / rated hydrogen production mode, overload / peak hydrogen production mode, and device cooling state.

[0068] The standby / micro-power hydrogen production mode corresponds to the standby / micro-power region of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power ranges from 0% to 10% of its rated power.

[0069] The low-load hydrogen production mode corresponds to the low-load region of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power ranges from 10% to 30% of its rated power.

[0070] The high-efficiency / optimal hydrogen production mode corresponds to the high-efficiency / optimal operation region of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power ranges from 30% to 70% of its rated power.

[0071] The high-load / rated hydrogen production mode corresponds to the high-load / rated hydrogen production region of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power ranges from 70% to 100% of its rated power.

[0072] The overload / peak hydrogen production mode corresponds to the overload / peak power region of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell 1 stack power exceeds 100% of its rated power.

[0073]

[0074] For ease of implementation, the charge rate categories of the battery 3 include trickle charging, slow / conventional charging, medium-speed charging, and fast charging, wherein, as shown in Table 2, the charge rate range of trickle charging is less than 0.1C, the charge rate range of slow / conventional charging is 0.1C to 0.3C, the charge rate range of medium-speed charging is 0.3C to 0.7C, and the charge rate range of fast charging is 0.7C to 2.0C.

[0075]

[0076] The hydrogen fuel cell and the storage battery mixed power supply scheme can reduce the hydrogen fuel cell output power sudden change condition by slightly increasing the charge and discharge times of the storage battery, and through power supply scheme adjustment, the hydrogen fuel cell can operate in a relatively stable state, prolongs the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell, reduces the maintenance cost of the system, widens the application scenarios of the system, and has very high feasibility. At the same time, with the increasing demand for storage batteries in new energy vehicle and energy storage fields, the production scale is continuously expanding. Large-scale production makes the enterprise more reasonable in aspects of raw material procurement, production equipment depreciation, and labor cost, thereby reducing the production cost of the unit battery. The continuous improvement of the storage battery industry chain, including the coordinated development of upstream raw material suppliers, midstream battery manufacturers, and downstream application manufacturers, improves the efficiency of the entire industry chain and reduces the transaction cost between the industry chains, which makes it more advantageous in cost control. Therefore, slightly increasing the charge and discharge times of the storage battery will not significantly increase the system maintenance cost.

[0077] The technical scheme provided by the present application can balance the hydrogen fuel cell power supply power and the power consumption load power, help the power grid to be safe and stable, promote the hydrogen supply and demand balance of the hydrogen fuel cell, help to keep the hydrogen pressure safe and stable, help to improve the hydrogen utilization rate and energy conversion rate, can buffer the power change, avoid excessive start-stop times of the hydrogen fuel cell, reduce the loss of the proton exchange membrane and noble metal catalyst of the hydrogen fuel cell, and reduce the maintenance cost of the hydrogen fuel cell power supply system. By increasing the charge and discharge times of the storage battery with lower cost, the start-stop times of the hydrogen fuel cell with higher cost can be greatly reduced, and the hydrogen fuel cell can also be ensured to work at a higher efficiency, greatly improving the stack life and reducing the system cost, which helps to expand the application scenarios of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0078] Any modification, supplement, and equivalent replacement within the principle range of the present application shall still belong to the patent coverage range of the present application.

[0079] The above-mentioned "first", "second", etc. do not represent a front-back order, but only represent the distinction of different characteristics.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent scheduling system, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent scheduling system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell (1), a solid hydrogen production device (2), a storage battery (3) and a control system (4), wherein the hydrogen fuel cell (1), the solid hydrogen production device (2) and the storage battery (3) are connected with the control system (4) in control connection; The hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen production device (2) is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) in gas path connection; The control system (4) is used for intelligently scheduling the mixed power supply state according to the power of the power load and the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1); The intelligent scheduling of the mixed power supply state comprises: When the power of the power load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1), the control system (4) controls the solid hydrogen production device (2) to increase the hydrogen production rate and controls the storage battery (3) to discharge to supplement the output power; When the power of the power load is equal to the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1), the control system (4) controls the solid hydrogen production device (2) to maintain the hydrogen production rate; When the power of the power load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1), the control system (4) controls the solid hydrogen production device (2) to reduce the hydrogen production rate and controls the storage battery (3) to charge to absorb part of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 1, wherein, The solid hydrogen production device (2) further comprises a hydrogen storage device, which is connected with the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen production device (2) and the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) in gas path connection, and is connected with the control system (4) in control connection; The control system (4) is further used for controlling the hydrogen storage device to store the hydrogen produced by the solid hydrogen production device (2) when the power of the power load is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) and controlling the hydrogen storage device to release the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) when the power of the power load is greater than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 2, wherein, The solid hydrogen production device (2) further comprises a hydrogen compression device, which is connected with the hydrogen storage device in gas path connection and is connected with the control system (4) in control connection, and the control system (4) is further used for controlling the hydrogen compression device to compress the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 1, wherein, The power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) is electrically connected with a DC-DC converter.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 1, wherein, The working modes of the solid hydrogen production device (2) comprise a device activation state, a standby / micro-power hydrogen production mode, a low-load hydrogen production mode, a high-efficiency / optimal hydrogen production mode, a high-load / rated hydrogen production mode, an overload / peak hydrogen production mode and a device cooling state; The standby / micro-power hydrogen production mode corresponds to a standby / micro-power region of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack power ranges from 0% to 10% of the rated power thereof; The low-load hydrogen production mode corresponds to a low-load region of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack power ranges from 10% to 30% of the rated power thereof; The high-load / rated hydrogen production mode corresponds to a high-load / rated region of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack power, and the corresponding hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack power ranges from 70% to 100% of the rated power thereof. The high-efficiency / optimal hydrogen production mode corresponds to a high-efficiency / optimal operation area of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack, and the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack is 30% to 70% of the rated power. The high-load / rated hydrogen production mode corresponds to a high-load / rated hydrogen production area of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack, and the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack is 70% to 100% of the rated power. The overload / peak hydrogen production mode corresponds to an overload / peak power area of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack, and the power range of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) stack exceeds 100% of the rated power. The charging rate categories of the battery (3) include trickle charging, slow / conventional charging, medium-speed charging, and fast charging, wherein the charging rate range of trickle charging is less than 0.1C, the charging rate range of slow / conventional charging is 0.1C to 0.3C, the charging rate range of medium-speed charging is 0.3C to 0.7C, and the charging rate range of fast charging is 0.7C to 2.0C.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 1, wherein, The control system (4) is also used to control the solid hydrogen production device (2) to work at the activation power when the electrical load is disconnected.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 1, wherein, The control system (4) is also used to control the solid hydrogen production device (2) to enter the activation power state when the electrical load power is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) and the battery (3) is higher than the first threshold, and to enter the cooling state when the electrical load power is less than the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) and the battery (3) is higher than the second threshold, wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell grid intelligent dispatch system of claim 1, wherein, The battery (3) further comprises a battery management system, which comprises a data acquisition module, a state evaluation module, a battery control module, and a communication module. The data acquisition module is used to monitor the battery state parameters in real time. The state evaluation module is used to output battery evaluation and prediction information according to the battery state parameters. The battery control module is used to control the charging and discharging process of the battery (3) according to the battery evaluation and prediction information. The communication module is used for communication between the battery (3) and the control system (4).

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