Self-adaptive opening device before PCBA (printed circuit board assembly) board enters casing and casing process

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive opening device for a PCBA board before entering a shell and a shell mounting process, and relates to the technical field of PCBA board shell mounting, the self-adaptive opening device comprises a fixed seat, a lifting assembly is arranged on one side of the fixed seat, a lifting frame is connected with the lifting assembly, and two shell opening assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the side, away from the fixed seat, of the lifting frame; the shell opening assembly comprises a driving part, the driving part is arranged on the side, away from the fixed base, of the lifting frame, a fixed block is arranged at the bottom of the driving part, a movable block is connected with an output shaft of the driving part, a plurality of fixed claws are arranged at one end of the fixed block at equal intervals, a plurality of opening claws are arranged at one end of the movable block at equal intervals, the opening claws and the fixed claws are arranged at intervals, and the opening claws and the fixed claws are equal in height. The multiple avoiding grooves are formed in the bottom of the movable block at equal intervals, and fixing claws are arranged in the avoiding grooves in a penetrating mode. The PCBA board can be stably placed in the shell, the problem that shell mounting is difficult due to the size deviation of the shell is solved, the shell mounting efficiency and quality are improved, and smooth proceeding of follow-up production is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of PCBA board casing, in particular to a PCBA board self-adaptive opening device before casing and a casing process. BACKGROUND

[0002] In electronic device production, the assembly of a PCBA board (a printed circuit board on which components have been assembled) and a shell is a key process. In the existing casing process, the shell is usually an injection molding part, and has a size deviation of +0.1-0.3 mm, and part of the shell is made of elastic material such as ABS (engineering plastic), and the edge is prone to shrinkage, which causes problems such as jamming and component scratching of the PCBA board when the PCBA board enters the shell.

[0003] The traditional casing method usually adopts manual expansion of the edge of the shell by using tweezers and other tools, which is low in efficiency and prone to deformation of the shell due to uneven force. In order to improve the casing efficiency, the existing method usually drives a clamping jaw to expand by using a pneumatic cylinder, but the PCBA board lacks a limiting device after entering the shell, and the edge of the shell shrinks after the clamping jaw resets, which easily causes the PCBA board to shake or shift in the shell, so that the PCBA board cannot be kept in a stable position, resulting in unstable casing quality and affecting the subsequent production process and the overall performance of the product. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a PCBA board self-adaptive opening device before casing and a casing process, which can ensure stable placement of the PCBA board in the shell, solve the casing difficulty problem caused by the size deviation of the shell, improve the casing efficiency and quality, and ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent production.

[0005] The above-mentioned optimized structure of the application is realized by the following technical scheme: a PCBA board self-adaptive opening device before casing, comprising a fixed seat; A lifting assembly is arranged on one side of the fixed seat; A lifting frame is connected with the lifting assembly; Two shell opening assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the side of the lifting frame away from the fixed seat; The shell opening assembly comprises a driving member arranged on the side of the lifting frame away from the fixed seat; A fixed block is arranged at the bottom of the driving member; A movable block is connected with the output shaft of the driving member; A plurality of fixed claws are equidistantly arranged at one end of the fixed block; A plurality of opening claws are equidistantly arranged at one end of the movable block and are spaced apart from the fixed claws, and the opening claws are the same height as the fixed claws; A plurality of escape grooves are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the movable block, and the escape grooves are provided with the fixing claws.

[0006] In some embodiments, the shell opening component further comprises a retaining component arranged on the side of the fixing claw and the opening claw close to each other, which can realize stable placement of the PCBA board in the shell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the retaining component comprises a rotating groove arranged on the side of the fixing claw close to the opening claw or the side of the opening claw close to the fixing claw. Two synchronous pulleys are rotatably arranged at the top and bottom of the rotating groove. A synchronous belt is in transmission connection with the two synchronous pulleys. A plurality of retaining plates are equidistantly arranged on the surface of the synchronous belt.

[0008] In some embodiments, the retaining component further comprises a retaining block arranged in the rotating groove and between the two synchronous pulleys, and the outer surface of the synchronous belt is flush with the side surface of the fixing claw or the opening claw.

[0009] In some embodiments, the retaining component further comprises a limiting groove arranged at one end of the rotating groove. A limiting shaft is coaxially sleeved with the synchronous pulley at the top of the rotating groove at one end, and rotatably arranged in the limiting groove at the other end. A ratchet wheel is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove and coaxially connected with the limiting shaft. A pawl is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove and engaged with the ratchet wheel.

[0010] A PCBA board housing process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, placing a plurality of shells on a turnover jig, moving them to below the lifting frame through the action of a circulating line, and arranging the shells corresponding to the fixing claws and the opening claws; Step S2, the grabbing device grabs the PCBA board adapted to the number of shells, and moves to above the turnover jig through the transfer device, so that the PCBA board corresponds to the shell one by one; Step S3, the lifting assembly drives the lifting frame to descend, so that the fixing claws and the opening claws are inserted into the corresponding shells at the same time, and the driving member drives the opening claw to move away from the fixing claw through the movable block, thereby opening the shell. Step S4, the transfer device drives the grabbing device to descend, the grabbing device drives the PCBA board to descend into the corresponding shell, and resets, the transfer device drives the grabbing device to reset; Step S5, the driving member reversely rotates to make the opening claw close to the fixed claw, and the opening state of the shell is released, and the holding assembly ensures the fixation of the position of the PCBA board in the shell; Step S6, the lifting assembly drives the lifting frame to ascend and reset, and the shell provided with the PCBA board is driven by the turnover jig to flow into the next process through the circulation line.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transfer device comprises a transfer cylinder, which is arranged on one side of the turnover jig; A transfer frame is connected with the transfer cylinder; Two limiting seats are symmetrically arranged on one side of the transfer cylinder; A sliding rod is arranged between the two limiting seats and penetrates the transfer frame; An avoiding cylinder is arranged on the top of the side of the transfer frame close to the turnover jig; An avoiding sliding rail is vertically arranged on the side of the transfer frame close to the turnover jig; An avoiding block is connected with the output shaft of the avoiding cylinder and is slidably arranged on the avoiding sliding rail, and the avoiding block is provided with the grabbing device;

[0012] In some embodiments, the grabbing device comprises a placing cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the avoiding block; A placing platform is connected with the output shaft of the placing cylinder; Two clamping assemblies are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the placing platform, and the clamping assemblies are provided with a plurality of PCBA boards at the bottom;

[0013] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate, which is arranged at the bottom of the placing platform; A plurality of first clamping pieces are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate and are connected with an external air source; A plurality of second clamping pieces are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate and are connected with an external air source, and the PCBA board is clamped between the first clamping pieces and the second clamping pieces.

[0014] In some embodiments, the grabbing device further comprises a limiting plate, which is arranged above the placing cylinder; Two limiting columns, two the limiting columns symmetry is established between the limiting plate with the placement platform between; Multiple linear bearings, multiple the linear bearings are established in the placement platform top; Multiple guide columns, the guide column is established in the clamping assembly top, and the guide column top penetrates the placement platform, and with the linear bearing sliding connection; Spring, the spring is established between the clamping assembly with the placement platform.

[0015] The one or more technical solutions in the embodiment of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The shell opening assembly drives the movable block to move through the driving piece, moves the opening claw relative to the fixed claw, realizes the symmetrical opening of the two side edges of the shell, solves the problem of shell skew caused by traditional unilateral opening, adjusts the driving distance of the driving piece according to the size of different shells, adjusts the opening degree adaptively, realizes the opening operation of various types of shells, and improves the versatility and flexibility of the device.

[0016] The present application makes the holding plate can support and fix the PCBA board after the PCBA board is put into the shell, prevent the PCBA board from shaking or moving caused by the shell rebound in the shell, ensure the stability of the shell quality. At the same time, the setting of the ratchet and pawl mechanism ensures the one-way transmission of the synchronous belt, avoids the rotation of the holding plate after the shell resets, further improves the reliability of the holding assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the opening device of the present application; Figure 2 It is the connection section view of the fixed claw, the opening claw and the shell, the PCBA board; Figure 3 It is the connection section view of the fixed claw, the opening claw and the shell, the PCBA board; Figure 4 It is the connection section view of the opening claw and the holding assembly; Figure 5 It is the connection section view of the opening claw and the holding assembly; Figure 4 The enlarged view of B in the present application; Figure 6The structural schematic view of the supporting device, the turnover jig, the grabbing device and the transfer device of the present application; Figure 7 The connection structural schematic view of the grabbing device and the transfer device of the present application; Figure 8 The connection structural schematic view of the grabbing device and the transfer device of the present application from another perspective; Figure 9 The front view of the grabbing device and the transfer device of the present application; Figure 10 The front view of the grabbing device and the transfer device of the present application; Figure 9 The enlarged view of A in the present application.

[0019] In the figure: 1, fixed seat; 2, lifting assembly; 3, lifting frame; 4, shell supporting assembly; 41, driving piece; 42, fixed block; 43, movable block; 44, fixed claw; 45, supporting claw; 46, avoiding groove; 47, retaining assembly; 471, rotating groove; 472, synchronous pulley; 473, synchronous belt; 474, retaining plate; 475, retaining block; 476, limiting groove; 477, limiting shaft; 478, ratchet wheel; 479, ratchet claw; 5, turnover jig; 6, grabbing device; 61, placing cylinder; 62, placing platform; 63, clamping plate; 64, first clamping piece; 65, second clamping piece; 66, limiting plate; 67, limiting column; 68, linear bearing; 69, guide column; 7, transfer device; 71, transfer cylinder; 72, transfer frame; 73, limiting seat; 74, sliding rod; 75, avoiding cylinder; 76, avoiding slide rail; 77, avoiding block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number of technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-5 A PCBA board self-adaptive opening device before entering the shell, comprising a fixed seat 1, a lifting assembly 2, a lifting frame 3 and two shell opening assembly 4, the fixed seat is the basic support component of the whole device, providing stable mounting position for other components, the lifting assembly 2 is arranged on one side of the fixed seat 1, connected with the lifting frame 3, which can drive the lifting frame 3 to move up and down along the vertical direction, so as to adjust the height of the shell opening assembly 4, so that it can accurately align the shell operation, the lifting assembly 2 can include lifting cylinder, lifting slide rail, the output shaft of the lifting cylinder is connected with the lifting frame, the lifting slide rail is arranged on the fixed seat 1, and the lifting frame 3 is driven by the lifting cylinder to slide on the lifting slide rail, the lifting frame 3 is connected with the lifting assembly 2, and the lifting frame 3 is the mounting carrier of the shell opening assembly, which can transmit the power of the lifting assembly 2 to the shell opening assembly 4, the two shell opening assemblies 4 are symmetrically arranged on the side of the lifting frame 3 away from the fixed seat 1, which can synchronously open the edges of the shell on both sides, facilitating the subsequent PCBA board.

[0025] The shell opening assembly 4 comprises a driving member 41, a fixed block 42, a movable block 43, a plurality of fixed claws 44, a plurality of opening claws 45 and a plurality of avoiding grooves 46. The driving member 41 is arranged on the side of the lifting frame 3 away from the fixed base 1, and can provide power for the opening action of the shell opening assembly 4. The driving member 41 can be a cylinder connected with an external air source. The fixed block 42 is arranged at the bottom of the driving member 41 and can be fixed by bolts, serving as an installation carrier of the fixed claws 44. The movable block 43 is connected with the output shaft of the driving member 41 and can move in the horizontal direction under the driving of the driving member 41. The plurality of fixed claws 44 are arranged at one end of the fixed block 42 at equal intervals, and can be four in number, which can be designed according to actual conditions. The fixed claws 44 can be inserted into one side edge of the shell fixed clamping groove, providing a fixed support point for opening the shell. The plurality of opening claws 45 are arranged at one end of the movable block 43 at equal intervals and are arranged at intervals with the fixed claws 44. The opening claws 45 can be inserted into the other side edge of the shell fixed clamping groove. The opening claws 45 are equal in height to the fixed claws 44, ensuring that the two are inserted into the shell synchronously and that the stress on the two side edges of the shell is uniform. The fixed claws 44 and the opening claws 45 are in contact with the middle part of the edge of the shell, and the expansion of the outer edge of the edge. The plurality of avoiding grooves 46 are arranged at the bottom of the movable block 43 at equal intervals, and the avoiding grooves 46 are provided with the fixed claws 44, avoiding interference between the movable block 43 and the fixed claws 44 when the movable block 43 moves, ensuring the smooth performance of the opening action, thereby ensuring the smooth expansion of the opening claws 45 and the fixed claws 44 to the edge of the shell. The movable block 43 is moved by the driving member 41, and the opening claws 45 expand away from the fixed claws 44, thereby opening the edge of the shell to adapt to the requirement of the PCBA board into the shell. In some embodiments, the shell opening assembly 4 further comprises a holding assembly 47 arranged on the side of the fixed claws 44 and the opening claws 45 close to each other. When the PCBA board is placed into the shell, the holding assembly 47 can ensure the stable position of the PCBA board in the shell and prevent deviation in subsequent processes.

[0026] In some embodiments, the retaining assembly 47 comprises a rotating groove 471, two synchronous pulleys 472, a synchronous belt 473, and a plurality of retaining plates 474. The rotating groove 471 is formed on the side of the fixed jaw 44 close to the opening jaw 45 or the side of the opening jaw 45 close to the fixed jaw 44, which provides space for the installation of the synchronous pulleys 472 and the synchronous belt 473. The two synchronous pulleys 472 are rotatably installed at the top and bottom of the rotating groove 471, respectively, forming a transmission support and being axially connected to the rotating groove 471 to realize the rotation of the synchronous pulleys 472. The synchronous belt 473 is sleeved on the two synchronous pulleys 472 and is in transmission connection with the two synchronous pulleys 472, which can be driven to rotate circularly by the synchronous pulleys 472 to realize synchronous rotation. The plurality of retaining plates 474 are fixed on the surface of the synchronous belt 473 at equal intervals. The retaining plates 474 are made of silica gel to avoid scratching the PCBA board. When the PCBA board is inserted into the shell, the PCBA board is extruded by the retaining plates 474 on both sides, thereby driving the synchronous belt 473 to rotate on the two synchronous pulleys 472. When the PCBA board moves to the designated position of the shell, the retaining plate 474 close to the lower side of the PCBA board is separated from the PCBA board, while the retaining plate 474 close to the upper side of the PCBA board is pressed against the edge of the PCBA board, thereby realizing the stable retention of the PCBA board in the shell and preventing the PCBA board from shaking or shifting in the shell.

[0027] In some embodiments, the retaining assembly 47 further comprises a retaining block 475, which is arranged in the rotating groove 471 between the two synchronous pulleys 472. The outer surface of the retaining block 475 is in close contact with the inner surface of the synchronous belt 473, which can support the synchronous belt 473 to keep the outer surface of the synchronous belt 473 flush with the side of the fixed jaw 44 or the opening jaw 45, thereby avoiding the concave synchronous belt 473 affecting the insertion of the shell or the placement of the PCBA board.

[0028] In some embodiments, the retaining assembly 47 further comprises a limiting slot 476, a limiting shaft 477, a ratchet wheel 478 and a pawl 479. The limiting slot 476 is arranged at one end of the rotating slot 471. The limiting shaft 477 is coaxially sleeved with the synchronous pulley 472 arranged at the top of the rotating slot 471 at one end, and rotatably arranged in the limiting slot 476 at the other end. The limiting shaft 477 is coaxially sleeved with the synchronous pulley 472 arranged at the top of the rotating slot 471 at one end, and rotatably arranged in the limiting slot 476 at the other end, which can provide rotating support for the synchronous pulley 472. The ratchet wheel 478 is arranged in the rotating slot 471 and fixedly connected with the limiting shaft 477. The pawl 479 is rotatably arranged in the rotating slot 471 and engaged with the ratchet wheel 478 to form a one-way locking mechanism, which ensures that the retaining plate 474 can only press the PCBA plate in one direction to prevent rebound. When the retaining plate 474 is pressed against the PCBA plate, the ratchet wheel 478 cooperates with the pawl 479 to prevent the synchronous pulley 472 from rotating in the opposite direction, ensuring that the retaining plate 474 continuously presses the PCBA plate. At the same time, the retaining plate 474 adjacent to the lower side of the retaining plate 474 is separated from the PCBA plate, thereby avoiding contact with the PCBA plate when the spreading claw 45 retracts. When the spreading claw 45, the fixing claw 44 and the shell are separated, the retaining assembly 47 avoids applying force to the PCBA plate in other directions to ensure stable placement of the PCBA plate in the shell.

[0029] Reference Figures 6-10 In some embodiments, the transfer device 7 comprises a transfer cylinder 71, a transfer frame 72, two limiting seats 73, a sliding rod 74, an avoidance cylinder 75, an avoidance sliding rail 76 and an avoidance block 77. The transfer cylinder 71 is arranged on one side of the turnover jig 5 and can provide horizontal transfer force. The transfer cylinder 71 can be a rodless cylinder, and the transfer frame 72 is fixedly connected with the sliding block on the rodless cylinder and can slide along the sliding rod 74. The two limiting seats 73 are symmetrically fixed on one side of the transfer cylinder 71 and are used to support the sliding rod 74. The sliding rod 74 penetrates through the transfer frame 72 and can provide guidance for the transfer frame 72, limit the movement of the transfer frame 72 and ensure that the transfer frame 72 remains stable during movement. The avoidance cylinder 75 is arranged on the top of the side of the transfer frame 72 close to the turnover jig 5 and can drive the avoidance block 77 to ascend and descend to avoid interference with other components during shell assembly. The avoidance sliding rail 76 is vertically fixed on the side of the transfer frame 72 and can provide guidance for the sliding of the avoidance block 77. The avoidance block 77 is connected with the output shaft of the avoidance cylinder 75 and is in sliding connection with the avoidance sliding rail 76, which can ensure the smooth ascent and descent of the avoidance block 77. The grabbing device 6 is installed on the avoidance block 77 to realize vertical position adjustment of the PCBA plate. In some embodiments, the grabbing device 6 comprises a placing cylinder 61, a placing platform 62 and two clamping assemblies. The placing cylinder 61 is arranged at the bottom of the avoiding block 77 and can drive the placing platform 62 to make lifting movement to adjust the height of the PCBA board so that it can be accurately placed into the shell. The placing platform 62 is connected with the output shaft of the placing cylinder 61 and serves as the installation base of the clamping assemblies. The two clamping assemblies are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the placing platform 62 and can clamp multiple PCBA boards at the same time to improve the shell mounting efficiency. In some embodiments, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate 63, multiple first clamping pieces 64 and multiple second clamping pieces 65. The clamping plate 63 is fixed at the bottom of the placing platform 62. The multiple first clamping pieces 64 and the multiple second clamping pieces 65 are alternately arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate 63 at equal intervals and are connected with an external air source. The first clamping piece 64 and the second clamping piece 65 clamp the PCBA board therebetween. The bottom of the first clamping piece 64 and the bottom of the second clamping piece 65 can be provided with air suction ports. When the PCBA board is pressed at the edge of the two sides without components, the air suction ports can be 1mm. When the air is ventilated, the bottom of the first clamping piece 64 and the bottom of the second clamping piece 65 generate negative pressure to clamp the edge of the PCBA board, thereby realizing clamping of the PCBA board. When the air is cut off, the first clamping piece 64 and the second clamping piece 65 release the PCBA board, thereby realizing non-contact release. In some embodiments, the grabbing device 6 further comprises a limiting plate 66, two limiting columns 67, multiple linear bearings 68, multiple guide columns 69 and springs. The limiting plate 66 is arranged above the placing cylinder 61 and can limit the maximum descending distance of the placing platform 62. The two limiting columns 67 are symmetrically connected with the limiting plate 66 and the placing platform 62 to enhance the connection strength of the limiting plate 66 and the placing platform 62 and improve the impact resistance of the limiting plate 66. The multiple linear bearings 68 are fixed at the top of the placing platform 62. The multiple guide columns 69 are arranged at the top of the clamping assembly, penetrate through the placing platform 62 and are slidingly connected with the linear bearings 68, so that the clamping assembly can stably make lifting movement under the driving of the placing platform 62. The springs are located between the clamping assembly and the placing platform 62, can provide buffer for the clamping assembly to avoid pressing the PCBA board during placement, and can realize the connection between the clamping assembly and the placing platform 62 to ensure the stability and reliability of the clamping assembly during clamping and releasing of the PCBA board.

[0030] In some embodiments, a buffer structure or an adjusting structure can be arranged between the limiting plate 66 and the placing cylinder 61. The buffer structure can be a buffer spring column or the like, which can reduce the impact strength between the limiting plate 66 and the placing cylinder 61, and protect the limiting plate 66 and the placing cylinder 61. The adjusting structure can be a limiting column fixed on the top of the placing cylinder 61, and a limiting screw rod screwed with the limiting plate 66. The limiting plate 66 and the placing cylinder 61 can be limited by the contact between the limiting screw rod and the limiting column. The height of the limiting screw rod on the limiting plate 66 can be adjusted by rotating the limiting screw rod, so as to adjust the distance between the limiting screw rod and the limiting column, and further adjust the descending height of the placing platform 62.

[0031] A PCBA board casing process, comprising the following steps: Step S1: A plurality of to-be-assembled shells are arranged in the positioning groove of the turnover jig 5 in an orderly manner, and the shell opening faces upward. The turnover jig 5 drives the shells to be conveyed to the position directly below the lifting frame 3 along a circulation line (this is the existing technology of the production line, which will not be described here). The positioning mechanism (such as a laser sensor) is used to make the shells correspond to the fixed claws 44 and the opening claws 45 one by one, so as to ensure that the claw bodies can be accurately inserted into the shells and contact the edges on both sides, and to prepare for the subsequent opening and casing operations. Step S2: The clamping assembly of the grabbing device 6 is moved above the PCBA board. The first clamping piece 64 and the second clamping piece 65 are ventilated, and the bottom air suction port thereof is tightly attached to the element-free edges (a region with a width of 1 mm) on both sides of the PCBA board, so as to realize non-damaging clamping and grab the PCBA board corresponding in number to the shells. The transfer cylinder 71 drives the transfer frame 72 to slide along the slide rod 74, so as to transfer the PCBA board to above the turnover jig 5, align the center of the PCBA board with the center of the shell, and ensure that each shell can correspond to a PCBA board for casing, thereby facilitating the accurate placement of the PCBA board into the shell. Step S3: The lifting assembly 2 drives the lifting frame 3 to descend, and the fixed claws 44 and the opening claws 45 are simultaneously inserted into the corresponding shells. The driving part 41 is started, the movable block 43 drives the opening claw 45 to move away from the fixed claw 44, and the moving distance can be 0.5 mm. The edges of the shell are expanded outward under the action of the opening claw 45, until the size suitable for the PCBA board to enter the shell (the moving distance can be designed according to different shell materials and sizes), so as to ensure that the PCBA board can enter the shell without interference. The driving part 41 is locked, the opening claw 45 maintains the opening state, and the PCBA board is waiting to enter the shell.

[0032] Step S4: the avoidance cylinder 75 drives the avoidance block 77 to descend along the avoidance slide rail 76, and drives the grabbing device 6 to approach the housing and descend above the housing; the placing cylinder 61 drives the placing platform 62 to descend, when the bottom of the PCBA board is 3mm away from the bottom surface of the housing, the clamping assembly is broken, the first clamping piece 64 and the second clamping piece 65 release the PCBA board, and the PCBA board falls into the housing under the action of gravity; then the clamping assembly resets, the transfer device 7 drives the grabbing device 6 to ascend and move away from the transfer jig 5, and waits for the next batch of PCBA boards to be grabbed. Step S5: the driving piece 41 reverses, the movable block 43 drives the opening claw 45 to approach the fixed claw 44, the opening state of the housing is released, the edge of the housing elastically contracts, and is attached to the two sides of the PCBA board; at the same time, the retaining plate 474 of the retaining assembly 47 is pressed against the edge of the PCBA board, the ratchet 478 and the pawl 479 are locked in the retaining state, the retaining plate 474 is prevented from rebounding, the position of the PCBA board in the housing is fixed, the PCBA board is prevented from moving in the housing, and the quality of the housing is ensured. Step S6: the lifting assembly 2 drives the lifting frame 3 to ascend and reset, the fixed claw 44 and the opening claw 45 completely separate from the housing and return to the initial position; the transfer jig 5 carries the housing with the PCBA board, flows into the next process (such as screw locking or detection) through the circulation line, and at the same time, a new batch of housings enter the assembly position, and the next round of housing assembly cycle begins.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A PCBA board self-adaptive expansion device before entering the shell, characterized by: Including fixed seat (1); Lifting assembly (2), the lifting assembly (2) is provided on one side of the fixed seat (1); Lifting frame (3), the lifting frame (3) is connected with the lifting assembly (2); Two housing support components (4), two housing support components (4) are symmetrically provided on the side of the lifting frame (3) away from the fixed seat (1); The housing support component (4) comprises a driving member (41), and the driving member (41) is provided on the side of the lifting frame (3) away from the fixed seat (1); Fixed block (42), the fixed block (42) is provided at the bottom of the driving member (41); Movable block (43), the movable block (43) is connected with the output shaft of the driving member (41); A plurality of fixed claws (44), a plurality of fixed claws (44) are equally spaced on one end of the fixed block (42); A plurality of support claws (45), a plurality of support claws (45) are equally spaced on one end of the movable block (43), and are spaced apart from the fixed claws (44), and the support claws (45) are equal in height with the fixed claws (44); A plurality of avoidance grooves (46), a plurality of avoidance grooves (46) are equally spaced on the bottom of the movable block (43), and the avoidance grooves (46) are provided with the fixed claws (44) in penetration.

2. The self-adaptive opening device before PCBA board entering into the shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing support component (4) further comprises a retaining assembly (47), and the retaining assembly (47) is provided on the side of the fixed claw (44) and the support claw (45) close to each other, so that the PCBA board can be stably placed in the shell.

3. The PCBA board self-adaptive expanding device before entering the shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining assembly (47) comprises a rotating groove (471), and the rotating groove (471) is provided on the side of the fixed claw (44) close to the support claw (45) or the side of the support claw (45) close to the fixed claw (44); Two synchronous pulleys (472), two synchronous pulleys (472) are rotatably provided on the top and bottom of the rotating groove (471) respectively; Synchronous belt (473), the synchronous belt (473) is in transmission connection with the two synchronous pulleys (472); A plurality of retaining plates (474), a plurality of retaining plates (474) are equally spaced on the surface of the synchronous belt (473).

4. The PCBA board self-adaptive expanding device before entering the shell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retaining assembly (47) further comprises a retaining block (475), and the retaining block (475) is provided in the rotating groove (471) and between the two synchronous pulleys (472), and the outer surface of the synchronous belt (473) is flush with the side surface of the fixed claw (44) or the support claw (45).

5. The PCBA board self-adaptive expanding device before entering the shell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retaining assembly (47) further comprises a limiting groove (476), and the limiting groove (476) is provided on one end of the rotating groove (471); Limiting shaft (477), one end of the limiting shaft (477) is coaxially sleeved with the synchronous pulley (472) located on the top of the rotating groove (471), and the other end of the limiting shaft (477) is rotatably provided in the limiting groove (476); Ratchet (478), the ratchet (478) is rotatably provided in the rotating groove (471) and coaxially connected with the limiting shaft (477); A pawl (479) is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove (471) and engaged with the ratchet wheel (478).

6. A process for PCBA board encapsulation, using a self-adaptive opening device for PCBA board before encapsulation as claimed in any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, a plurality of housings are placed on the turnover jig (5), and are moved to below the lifting frame (3) by the circulating line, and the housings are arranged corresponding to the fixing claws (44) and the opening claws (45); Step S2, the grabbing device (6) grabs the PCBA boards corresponding in number to the housings, and moves to above the turnover jig (5) through the transfer device (7), so that the PCBA boards correspond one by one to the housings; Step S3, the lifting assembly (2) drives the lifting frame (3) to descend, so that the fixing claws (44) and the opening claws (45) are inserted into the corresponding housings at the same time, the driving part (41) drives the opening claw (45) to move away from the fixing claw (44) through the movable block (43), and the housing is opened; Step S4, the transfer device (7) drives the grabbing device (6) to descend, the grabbing device (6) drives the PCBA board to descend and put into the corresponding housing, and then resets, the transfer device (7) drives the grabbing device (6) to reset; Step S5, the driving part (41) is reversely rotated, so that the opening claw (45) approaches the fixing claw (44), the opening state of the housing is released, and the holding assembly (47) ensures the fixation of the position of the PCBA board in the housing; Step S6, the lifting assembly (2) drives the lifting frame (3) to ascend and reset, and the turnover jig (5) drives the housings provided with the PCBA boards to flow into the next process through the circulating line.

7. The PCBA board packaging process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transfer device (7) comprises a transfer cylinder (71) arranged on one side of the turnover jig (5); A transfer frame (72) connected with the transfer cylinder (71); Two limiting seats (73) symmetrically arranged on one side of the transfer cylinder (71); A slide rod (74) arranged between the two limiting seats (73) and penetrating through the transfer frame (72); An avoidance cylinder (75) arranged on the top of the transfer frame (72) close to the turnover jig (5); An avoidance slide rail (76) vertically arranged on the side of the transfer frame (72) close to the turnover jig (5); An avoidance block (77) connected with the output shaft of the avoidance cylinder (75) and slidably arranged on the avoidance slide rail (76), and the avoidance block (77) is provided with the grabbing device (6).

8. The PCBA board packaging process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grabbing device (6) comprises a placing cylinder (61) arranged at the bottom of the avoidance block (77); A placing platform (62) connected with the output shaft of the placing cylinder (61); Two clamping assemblies, two said clamping assemblies are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the placement platform (62), and a plurality of PCBA boards are clamped at the bottom of the clamping assembly.

9. The PCBA board packaging process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate (63), which is arranged at the bottom of the placement platform (62); A plurality of first clamping pieces (64) are arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate (63) at equal intervals and connected with an external air source; A plurality of second clamping pieces (65) are arranged at the bottom of the clamping plate (63) at equal intervals and connected with an external air source, and the PCBA board is clamped between the first clamping piece (64) and the second clamping piece (65).

10. The process of claim 8, wherein: The grabbing device (6) further comprises a limiting plate (66), which is arranged above the placement cylinder (61); Two limiting columns (67) are symmetrically arranged between the limiting plate (66) and the placement platform (62); A plurality of linear bearings (68) are arranged at the top of the placement platform (62); A plurality of guide columns (69) are arranged at the top of the clamping assembly, and the top of the guide column (69) penetrates the placement platform (62) and is connected with the linear bearing (68) in a sliding manner; A spring is arranged between the clamping assembly and the placement platform (62).

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