Unmanned aerial vehicle power device

Abstract

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle power device which comprises a motor module, a vehicle arm module and a circuit board module. The motor module is mounted at the top of the arm module; the motor module comprises a stator and a rotor which are mutually coupled; the upper end cover is provided with a propeller and drives the propeller to rotate, and the periphery of the upper end cover is provided with an exhaust channel; the stator is matched with the rotor, and a stator heat dissipation flow channel which is axially communicated up and down is formed in the stator; the vehicle arm module is provided with an air inlet hole for sucking ambient air; according to the heat dissipation configuration, an air inlet hole, a stator heat dissipation flow channel which is vertically communicated in the axial direction in the motor module and an exhaust channel on the periphery of the upper end cover are sequentially connected through air channels to form a heat dissipation airflow path. When the rotor is in a rotating state, a centrifugal fan is formed, outside cold air is forcibly sucked into the machine arm module through a lower air inlet hole to dissipate heat of the circuit board module and the motor module, hot air is discharged to an upper end cover at the top and is discharged from an exhaust channel, and an air suction and exhaust circulation system is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular to a UAV power unit. Background Technology

[0002] A drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle controlled by radio remote control equipment or its own program control device. Its basic structure typically includes a fuselage, arms, and payload. Its electronic system mainly includes a power system, a control system, and a sensing system. The fuselage is the main frame of the drone, serving to connect and support various components. The arms generally extend from the fuselage, and their number varies depending on the type of drone, commonly including quadcopters, hexacopterers, and octocopters. The arms are the main carriers for the power unit. The power unit mainly consists of motors, electronic speed controllers, propellers, and batteries, providing the drone with flight power. The control system includes a flight controller board, gyroscopes, accelerometers, etc., used to control the drone's flight attitude, altitude, speed, etc. The sensing system, such as GPS modules and visual sensors, helps the drone perceive its surrounding environment and its own position. The payload depends on the purpose of the drone and can carry cameras, surveying equipment, supplies, etc.

[0003] During drone operation, the internal electronic components operate under high loads for extended periods, continuously generating significant heat. However, existing drone cooling systems reveal several shortcomings that urgently need to be addressed. On one hand, the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency is particularly prominent, failing to effectively dissipate the heat generated by electronic components and motors in a timely manner. This leads to a continuous rise in the internal temperature of the drone, severely impacting the performance stability and lifespan of electronic components and motors, ultimately threatening the overall operational safety of the drone. On the other hand, an unreasonable intake and exhaust layout results in poor airflow, causing severe heat accumulation and further reducing the cooling effect.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional UAV structures suffer from serious deficiencies in disassembly, assembly, and maintenance. Their structural design lacks a modular approach, resulting in complex and tightly coupled connections between components, making disassembly and assembly cumbersome and time-consuming, and hindering the rapid replacement of faulty parts. Furthermore, traditional integrated power components have high manufacturing costs, leading to high maintenance costs, and their large structural redundancy and overall size contribute to their high processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a power unit for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that solves the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of existing UAV power units.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solution: A drone power unit includes a motor module at the top, an arm module at the bottom, and a circuit board module installed inside a cavity of the arm module and electrically connected to the motor module. The motor module is mounted on the top of the arm module. The motor module includes a stator and a rotor coupled together. The rotor includes a rotatable upper cover on top of the motor module, from which a propeller is mounted and driven to rotate. An exhaust channel is provided around the periphery of the upper cover. The stator mates with the rotor, and an axially connected stator heat dissipation channel is formed inside. The arm module is provided with an air inlet for drawing ambient air into the arm module. The heat dissipation configuration is as follows: the air inlet located on the arm module, the stator heat dissipation channel connected vertically in the motor module, and the exhaust channel around the upper end cover are connected in sequence to form a heat dissipation airflow path; when the rotor is rotating, a centrifugal fan is formed, and cold air from the outside is forcibly drawn into the arm module from below the motor module through the air inlet. The heat generated by the operation of the circuit board module is first dissipated through heat exchange, and then enters the stator heat dissipation channel to dissipate the heat generated by the operation of the motor module through heat exchange. The hot airflow from the stator heat dissipation channel is discharged to the upper end cover at the top of the motor module, and finally discharged from the exhaust channel, forming an intake and exhaust circulation system.

[0007] Furthermore, the arm module includes a top wall, side walls, and a bottom wall; one end of the arm module is a connecting part for mounting the motor module, and the other end is a tubular connecting end for connecting the arm shaft; in the connecting part of the arm module, there is a cavity for mounting the circuit board module inside, the top wall has a through hole and the upper surface of the top wall is recessed to form a cavity, and the side wall is provided with the air inlet hole; the air inlet hole is connected to the air passage of the cavity; the cavity for mounting the circuit board module is connected to the air passage of the cavity through the through hole on the top wall; the cavity is connected to the air passage of the stator heat dissipation channel.

[0008] In some embodiments, a heat dissipation plate is provided on the bottom wall of the connecting part of the arm module; one side of the heat dissipation plate is in direct contact with the circuit board module, and the other side is a heat dissipation surface exposed to the environment, and the heat generated by the operation of the circuit board module is conducted to the heat dissipation surface for heat dissipation; the heat dissipation surface is provided with heat dissipation fins.

[0009] In some embodiments, the top wall of the arm module is connected to the motor module via fasteners at the connecting portion; reinforcing ribs are added to the bottom and / or top surface of the top wall. The arm module includes an upper arm and a lower arm connected vertically; the heat sink is installed in the bottom opening of the lower arm and located below the circuit board module; the circuit board module is installed inside the bottom of the lower arm. The upper arm and lower arm are injection molded parts.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power unit adopts a modular design, with interconnected modules that are detachably connected. Each module includes a motor module, an arm module, a circuit board module, and a navigation light module. Mounting holes are correspondingly provided along the four periphery of the upper and lower arms, and fasteners pass through these holes to form a detachable connection; and / or, the upper and lower arms are detachably connected via snap-fit ​​fasteners. The circuit board module is securely fastened within the lower arm. The navigation light module is fastened within a slot provided on the outer periphery of the arm module.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on the lower surface of the top wall of the connecting part; the plurality of reinforcing ribs are radially distributed. A wire sheath is provided at one end of the circuit board module for securing the conductive wires and power lines connected to the circuit board module. An annular gap is provided between the bottom of the motor module and the top of the arm module, the annular gap forming an air intake channel for drawing in ambient air; the annular gap is connected to the concave cavity air passage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the upper end cover has an annular circumferential sidewall around its periphery, forming an airflow cavity around the bottom surface of the upper end cover. The exhaust channel is formed by hollowing out the annular circumferential sidewall of the upper end cover along its circumferential direction, for circumferential side exhaust. The exhaust channel communicates with the airflow cavity. The bottom surface of the upper end cover has a plurality of raised ribs, which are evenly arranged radially around the central shaft hole of the upper end cover. The raised ribs connect the bottom surface to the annular circumferential sidewall and form a guide groove, guiding the airflow from the airflow cavity to the annular exhaust channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rotor includes the upper end cover, an annular shell serving as a rotor yoke, and a plurality of rotor magnets evenly distributed on the inner wall of the annular shell; the upper end cover is adapted to fit the annular shell and is disposed on the top of the annular shell, and the peripheral sidewall of the upper end cover is interconnected with the annular shell. The rotor magnets, the annular shell, and the upper end cover rotate together around a central axis. The bottom end face of the peripheral sidewall of the upper end cover is provided with protrusions evenly distributed to form an annular platform for mounting the rotor magnets; the protrusions are inserted into and attached to the inner wall of the top of the annular shell, and magnet mounting slots are formed between adjacent protrusions, each of which fixes a rotor magnet. The stator is coaxially arranged with the rotor, and the stator is located inside the annular shell, with a shaft hole that runs vertically through the central axis; a connecting shaft is used to pass through the shaft hole to connect the stator and the rotor.

[0014] In some embodiments, the stator is an electromagnet, comprising a stator core and winding coils wound on the stator core. The stator core has a through hole extending vertically along its center. The motor module also includes a stator base; the stator base is adapted to the stator core and coaxially fitted within the through hole at the center of the stator core; the shaft hole extending vertically along the central axis is formed inside the stator base. The stator base is used to fix the stator core and provide mechanical support to the motor module. The stator heat dissipation channel is configured as: an axially extending airflow channel defined within the stator base, and / or, an axially extending airflow channel defined within the stator core, and / or, the gap between the outer periphery of the stator core and the rotor magnet forms an axially extending airflow channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the stator base and stator core are coaxially nested rotating bodies. The stator base, used for auxiliary heat dissipation, includes an inner first rotating wall and an outer second rotating wall coaxially spaced and nested. The first rotating wall has a shaft hole that runs vertically along the central axis, and the connecting shaft is fitted with a bearing and accommodated in the shaft hole. The second rotating wall mates with the stator core, fitting tightly within the inner circumference of the through hole at the center of the stator core. An airflow channel running vertically along the axial direction is formed between the first and second rotating walls. The first rotating wall and the outer second rotating wall are connected by several connecting ribs. The connecting ribs extend downward to form columns and have mounting holes inside. Fasteners protruding upward are correspondingly provided on the top of the arm module. The fasteners are inserted into the mounting holes in the columns to connect the arm module and the motor module. Several air guide grooves are formed on the inner surface of the second rotating wall along the axial direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the stator core includes a central shaft and a plurality of stator teeth. The central shaft is in the shape of a rotating body, and its interior has a through hole that extends vertically along the axial direction. The central shaft serves as a stator yoke, and the plurality of stator teeth are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer periphery of the central shaft; a stator tooth slot is formed between two adjacent stator teeth; each stator tooth slot forms an airflow channel extending vertically along the axial direction. The stator teeth include a tooth tip, a tooth body, and a tooth root. The outer end face of the tooth tip is the tooth surface, and the tooth surface is opposite to the rotor magnet, spaced apart by a predetermined gap, and coaxially arranged; the tooth body is the middle part connecting the tooth tip and the tooth root; the tooth root connects to one end of the stator yoke, and the winding coil is sleeved on the root of the stator tooth. In the rotor magnet, the N pole and the S pole each occupy half, and the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged on the annular inner wall surface of the annular shell that serves as the rotor yoke. The second rotating wall of the stator base cooperates with the stator core and is tightly fitted onto the inner circumferential surface of the central shaft.

[0017] In some embodiments, the motor module is a rotating body with a centrally located shaft hole extending vertically along its axis. A connecting shaft is inserted into this shaft hole to connect the rotor and stator. The rotor includes an upper end cover, an annular shell serving as a rotor yoke, and a plurality of rotor magnets evenly distributed on the inner wall of the annular shell. The upper end cover is positioned on top of the annular shell. The rotor magnets, the annular shell, and the upper end cover are fixedly connected. A shaft hole is correspondingly located at the center of the upper end cover. The stator includes a stator core with a centrally located through-hole extending vertically along its axis. The motor module also includes a stator base, which is fixedly installed within the through-hole at the center of the stator core and coaxially disposed within the annular shell together with the stator core. A centrally located shaft hole is correspondingly located at the center of the stator base. A bearing is fitted over the connecting shaft, which is then assembled into the shaft hole at the center of the stator base. Ball bearings are provided between the connecting shaft and the bearing to form a rolling bearing. A locking washer is fitted at the bottom end of the connecting shaft. The locking washer is secured to the bottom end of the connecting shaft with screws. Adjusting the locking washer with screws positions the bearing within the shaft hole at the center of the stator seat. The locking washer and bearing cooperate to limit the lower end of the connecting shaft. A limiting annular flange is provided at the top of the connecting shaft, and the top surface of the upper end cover forms an annular groove outside the shaft hole. The engagement of the annular flange and the annular groove limits the upper end of the connecting shaft.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power unit further includes a navigation light module, which is mounted on the outer periphery of the arm module and electrically connected to the circuit board module; the circuit board module controls the display functions of the navigation light module, including: real-time feedback of the UAV's status and / or battery level and / or UAV malfunction during flight.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are: The UAV power unit of this application integrates heat dissipation and air intake / exhaust, forming an efficient and stable heat dissipation cycle. It makes full use of the air flow characteristics to achieve rapid heat transfer and dissipation, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and extending the service life of electronic components and the motor. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the drone power unit connected to the arm in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) power unit and rotor according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3-5 This is an exploded view of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) power unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a front view of the unmanned aerial vehicle power unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A sectional view along line VII-VII.

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along line VIII-VIII.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a top view of the unmanned aerial vehicle power unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A sectional view along line XX.

[0028] Figure 11-12 This is an exploded view of the motor module of the unmanned aerial vehicle power unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 13-14 This is an exploded view of the arm module of the unmanned aerial vehicle power unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 15-16 This is a perspective view of the upper arm of the unmanned aerial vehicle power unit according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of this application and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0032] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0033] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0034] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "above," "below," "horizontal," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" would subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, this application relates to an arm component of a drone, including an arm shaft 200 and a power unit 100 mounted at the end of the arm shaft 200. The arm component (also called a shaft arm or motor arm) extends radially outward from the edge of the frame, connecting the rotor (propeller) 90 to the drone's frame. One end of the arm shaft 200 is connected to the frame, and the other end is equipped with the power unit 100, serving as a connecting bridge between the power unit 100 and the fuselage frame system. It transmits the tension generated by the power unit 100 to the frame, enabling the drone to obtain lift and flight propulsion.

[0036] Please refer to the reference. Figure 2-16The power unit 100 in this embodiment includes a motor module 10, an arm module 20, a circuit board module 70, a propeller 90, and a battery assembly (not shown). The battery assembly is mounted on a frame (not shown) and connected to the motor module 10 and the circuit board module 70 via power cables. The circuit board module 70 is installed inside the arm module 20 and is electrically connected to the motor module (specifically, to the windings of the stator 4) via conductive wires. The arm module 20 is mounted at the bottom of the motor module 10 and connected to the end of the arm shaft 200. The motor modules 10 are mounted on the top of the arm module 20 and are detachably or non-detachably fixedly connected to each other. The motor modules 10 can be fixedly mounted to the top of the arm module 20 using fasteners such as screws 8.

[0037] The propeller 90 is mounted on the motor module 10, specifically connected to the rotor 1 of the motor module 10, and the rotor 1 drives the propeller 90 to rotate. The rotor 1 includes an upper end cover 11 that rotates together, an annular shell 12 serving as a rotor yoke, and a rotor magnet 15. The upper end cover 11 is located on the top of the motor module 10, and the propeller 90 is mounted on and fixedly connected to the upper end cover 11 of the rotor 1. The propeller 90 can be fixed to the upper end cover 11 by fasteners such as screws. Typically, a propeller clamp 91 is used to mount the propeller 90 to the top of the motor. For example, one propeller 90 is clamped between the ends of the upper and lower propeller clamps 91. The propeller clamps 91, the root of the propeller 90 (clamped between the ends of the upper and lower propeller clamps 91), and the upper end cover 11 on the top of the motor are fixedly connected.

[0038] The motor module 10 includes a rotor 1 and a stator 4 that are magnetically coupled to each other, as well as a stator base 5 and a connecting shaft 6. As one embodiment, the motor module 10 as a whole is a rotating body, such as a cylinder; correspondingly, the rotor 1, stator 4, and stator base 5 are rotating bodies.

[0039] The rotor 1 includes a plurality of rotor magnets 15, an annular shell 12 serving as a rotor yoke, and an upper end cover 11. The upper end cover 11 is adapted to fit the annular shell 12 and covers the top of the annular shell 12. The upper end cover 11 and the annular shell 12 are interconnected to form a positioning structure for the magnets. The plurality of rotor magnets 15 are attached to the annular inner wall of the annular shell 12 and are arranged at uniform intervals. The annular shell 12 serves as the rotor yoke and can be, for example, a steel ring. The plurality of rotor magnets 15 have equal numbers of N poles and S poles, and the N poles and the S poles are alternately arranged on the inner wall surface of the annular shell 12 serving as the rotor yoke.

[0040] The upper cover 11 is a circular cover with a central shaft hole 110. The top of the connecting shaft 6 is inserted into the shaft hole 110. The top of the shaft hole 110 expands radially to form an annular (but not limited to annular) limiting groove 111, which is adapted to the annular (but not limited to annular) flange 62 that protrudes radially from the top of the connecting shaft 6. The limiting flange 62 abuts against the limiting groove 111 to form an axial limit on the upper end of the connecting shaft 6, and the connecting shaft 6 can rotate with the upper cover 11. The lower end of the connecting shaft 6 mates with the stator to coaxially connect the rotor and the stator.

[0041] The periphery of the upper end cover 11 protrudes downward to form an annular circumferential sidewall 14. The annular circumferential sidewall 14 and the bottom surface 13 of the upper end cover 11 enclose each other to form an airflow cavity 130 at the bottom of the upper end cover 11. The annular circumferential sidewall 14 is hollowed out along the circumferential direction to form an annular exhaust channel 140 for circumferential side exhaust. As shown in the figure, two (or more than one) annular exhaust channels 140 are formed, which are connected to the air passage of the bottom airflow cavity 130. The bottom surface 13 is provided with a number of ribs 131, which are evenly arranged radially with the central shaft hole of the upper end cover 11 as the center. For example, the ribs 131 are T-shaped, connecting the bottom surface 13 and the annular circumferential sidewall 14 and forming a guide groove for guiding the airflow in the airflow cavity 130 to the annular exhaust channel 140. One end of the rib 131 is connected to the annular circumferential sidewall 14. Longer and shorter ribs can be provided, with the other end of the longer rib 131 extending and connecting to the edge of the central bushing 112. The upper cover 11 is a one-piece structure.

[0042] The bottom end face of the annular circumferential sidewall 14 of the upper end cover 11 forms an annular platform 160 on the inner circumference. The annular platform 160 is an annular toothed band, formed by evenly distributed toothed protrusions 16 on the inner circumferential end face for mounting magnets; the outer circumferential edge is a horizontal annular surface 141 for abutting and fitting with the bottom edge of the annular shell 12. The protrusions 16 are evenly spaced in a circle, and the spacing between two adjacent protrusions 16 is adapted to the width of a magnet 15.

[0043] The upper end cover 11 is connected to the annular shell 12. The top of the annular shell 12 abuts against the bottom end face of the annular circumferential sidewall 14 of the upper end cover 11 (tightly fitting with the outer horizontal annular surface 141). The annular platform 160 (i.e., a ring of toothed protrusions 16) is inserted into the inner wall of the top of the annular shell 12, together forming a magnet positioning structure. A magnet mounting slot 17 is formed between two adjacent protrusions 16. Several magnets 15 are arranged in the magnet mounting slot 17 of the magnet mounting annular platform on the inner wall of the annular shell 12 with alternating N and S poles. The several magnets 15, the annular shell 12, and the upper end cover 11 are at least relatively fixed in the direction of rotation, that is, they rotate synchronously. Specifically, the rotor magnets 15 attached to the inner wall of the rotor yoke (annular shell) 2 rotate under the action of the magnetic field generated by the (stator) electromagnet being energized. The rotor magnets 15, the annular shell 12, and the upper end cover 11 rotate coaxially together, and the connecting shaft 6 at their center can also rotate synchronously.

[0044] After the upper end cover 11 is placed on the annular shell 12 and connected to it, the annular circumferential sidewall 14 of the upper end cover 11 abuts against the annular shell 12. The protrusions 16 arranged in a circle are inserted into the annular shell 12 and abut against the inner wall of the annular shell 12 to form a magnet mounting ring positioning structure. A magnet mounting slot 17 is formed between two adjacent protrusions 16. Each magnet 15 is locked in the magnet mounting slot 17 for fixation.

[0045] The rotor magnet 15 is fixedly connected to the annular shell 12. The magnet mounting slot 17 is adapted to the rotor magnet 15. The rotor magnet 15 is inserted into the magnet mounting slot 17, and each rotor magnet 15 obtains stable positioning in the circumferential direction.

[0046] As a non-limiting example, the boss 16 at the end edge of the annular circumferential sidewall 14 of the upper end cover is fixed to the inner wall of the annular shell 12, which may be an adhesive fixation. The magnet 15 can be adhesively fixed to the contact surface between the magnet 15 and the inner wall of the annular shell 12 and the boss 16. The magnet 15 is snapped into the magnet mounting slot 17 of the magnet mounting ring platform; the magnet 15 can be further adhesively fixed within the magnet mounting slot 17.

[0047] As a non-limiting example, a plurality of rotor yoke magnet limiting parts evenly distributed around the circumference can also be provided on the inner wall surface of the annular shell 12; the limiting part is a settling structure (concave surface) used to limit the connection of the rotor magnet 15; the rotor yoke magnet limiting part is structurally matched with the rotor magnet 15 and is set corresponding to the position of the magnet mounting slot 17.

[0048] As some non-limiting examples, the rotor magnet 15 may be a tile-shaped structure, and multiple rotor magnets 15 may be separately arranged; the rotor magnet 15 may also be annular.

[0049] As some non-limiting examples, each of the said rotor magnets 15 may be integrally formed with the rotor yoke annular shell 12 by integral molding.

[0050] To reinforce the upper end cover 11, especially to strengthen the assembly of the propeller clamp 91 and the connecting shaft 6, a reinforcing bushing 112 is integrally or separately provided on the outer circumference of the shaft hole 110 at the center of the upper end cover. The bushing 112 can be configured as a circle with a smaller diameter and a larger thickness relative to the upper end cover. Assembly holes are provided on the bushing, and corresponding assembly holes are provided on the spiral 90 (on the propeller clamp 91). Fasteners are screwed into the assembly holes to fix the upper end cover 11 and the spiral 90 together.

[0051] The stator 4 corresponds to an electromagnet, including a stator core 40 and a winding coil 41 disposed on the stator core 40. The stator core 40 is disposed inside the winding coil 41. The electromagnet generates a magnetic field during energization, and the rotor magnet 15 rotates together with the entire rotor 1. The wound stator core 40 includes a central shaft 42 serving as a stator yoke and multiple stator teeth 43. The central shaft 42 and the multiple stator teeth 43 are an integral structure, and the multiple stator teeth 43 are radially and circumferentially distributed, radiating outward from the central axis / shaft hole to the outer periphery of the central shaft 42, with stator tooth slots 44 formed between adjacent stator teeth 43. The central shaft 42 is a rotating body with a central axis HH, adapted to the rotor magnetic yoke annular shell 12, and coaxially sleeved inside the rotor magnetic yoke annular shell 12. The stator teeth 43 include three parts: tooth tip, tooth body 46, and tooth root 47. The outer end face of the tooth tip is the tooth surface 45, which is opposite to and coaxially arranged with the rotor magnet 15, and there is a predetermined gap 48 between the tooth surface 45 and the rotor magnet 15. The tooth body 46 is the middle part connecting the tooth tip and the tooth root 47; the tooth root 47 is connected to one end of the stator yoke, that is, connected to the outer circumferential surface of the shaft part 42 and extends outward. The winding coil 41 is sleeved on the tooth root 47 of the stator tooth.

[0052] In the example shown in the figure, the stator tooth slot 44 has 24 slots and the rotor magnet 15 has 28 poles; wherein, the N pole and the S pole each occupy half, and the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged on the annular inner wall surface of the annular shell 12, which serves as the rotor yoke, and are installed in the magnet mounting slot 17.

[0053] Each stator tooth slot 44 forms an airflow channel that runs vertically through the axis, which can serve as a stator heat dissipation channel that runs vertically through the motor module 10. The gap 48 between the stator 4 (tooth surface 45) and the rotor magnet 15 can also be used as a stator heat dissipation channel that runs vertically through the motor module 10.

[0054] The motor module 10 also includes a stator base 5, which is the main structural component of the motor. It is used to fix the stator core 40, provide mechanical support for the motor module, and assist in heat dissipation. The overall shape of the motor module 10 is a rotating body. Correspondingly, the upper end cover 11, the annular shell 12, the wound stator core 40, and the stator base 5 are rotating bodies or rotating shapes that are adapted to each other and coaxially (central axis HH / connecting shaft 6) and have a shaft hole in the center. The connecting shaft 6 is inserted into the shaft hole and assembled in the shaft hole in the center of the stator base through the bearing 61. The upper end cover 11, annular shell 12, wound stator core 40, and stator base 5 all have a central through hole that extends vertically. The wound stator core 40 is coaxially fitted inside the central through hole of the annular shell 12, facing the magnet 15 on the inner wall of the annular shell 12 and having a predetermined gap 48 between them. The wound stator core 40 is tightly fitted around the outer circumference of the rotating stator base 5. That is, the annular shell 12, wound stator core 40, and stator base 5 are coaxially nested from the outside to the inside (central axis HH / connecting shaft 6). The upper end cover 11 is coaxially fitted onto the upper part of the annular shell 12 and coaxially connected by the connecting shaft 6. The central through hole of the stator base 5 and the upper end cover 11 is a shaft hole that matches the connecting shaft 6 and is vertically connected. The connecting shaft 6 passes through the shaft hole. The upper end of the connecting shaft 6 is inserted into the shaft hole of the upper end cover 11 and can rotate synchronously. It is a fixed connection that can be detached or non-detached. The connecting shaft 6 engages with the shaft hole of the stator seat 5 via a bearing 61, allowing the connecting shaft 6 to rotate relative to the bearing 61. A locking washer 63 is fitted onto the bottom end of the connecting shaft 6, and a screw 64 is used to lock the locking washer 63 to the mounting hole at the bottom end of the connecting shaft 6. The function of the locking washer 63 is to fine-tune the preload of the bearing 61, optimize the bearing clearance, and ensure that the bearing 61 is precisely positioned within the shaft hole. The locking washer 63, in conjunction with the screw, also serves to limit the axial lower end of the connecting shaft 6, thereby coaxially assembling the rotor 1, stator 4, and stator seat 5 via the connecting shaft 6. A bearing 61 can be fitted onto the upper and lower ends of the connecting shaft 6 within the shaft hole 53 of the stator seat 5, with ball bearings forming a rolling bearing between the bearing 61 and the connecting shaft 6. In this embodiment, the stator yoke (axial core) 42 of the stator 4 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the stator seat 5, and the stator seat 5 supports and fixes the stator 4 (either detachably or non-detachably). The shaft core 42 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the stator base 5 with a tension fit. It can also be fitted with snaps, protrusion / groove fits, interference fits, fastener fixation, bonding or other fixing methods to obtain a detachable or non-detachable fixed connection between the shaft core 42 and the stator base 5.

[0055] The stator base 5 is also used to connect the motor module 10 to the arm module 20. The stator base 5 is a rotating body and an integral structure, which includes an inner first rotating wall 52 and an outer second rotating wall 54 that are nested inside each other, coaxially arranged, and spaced apart. The center of the first rotating wall 52 has a shaft hole 53 that runs vertically through it, used to assemble the connecting shaft 6 and the bearing 61; the second rotating wall 54 cooperates with the stator yoke (axial part) 42 of the electromagnet, i.e., the stator 4, and is fitted tightly onto the inner circumferential surface of the axial part 42. An airflow channel 55 that runs vertically through it along the axial direction is defined between the first rotating wall 52 and the second rotating wall 54. The inner first rotating wall 52 and the outer second rotating wall 54 are connected by a number of connecting bones 56. For example, connecting ribs 56 are symmetrically arranged between the first rotating wall 52 and the outer second rotating wall 54. They can be arranged radially outward from the central axis / shaft hole. For instance, four connecting ribs 56 are arranged radially outward from the axis, connecting the peripheral walls of the first rotating wall 52 and the second rotating wall 54, dividing the airflow channel 55 between the first rotating wall 52 and the second rotating wall 54 into four vertically penetrating channels. The connecting ribs 56 extend downward to form pillars 51, each pillar having an assembly hole 50 inside, and are fixed to the top of the arm module 20 by fasteners such as screws 8 (removable or non-removable). Further, several air guide grooves 57 are formed along the axial direction on the inner surface of the second rotating wall 54. For example, the air guide grooves 57 are evenly arranged vertically on the inner surface of the second rotating wall 54. The airflow channel 55 serves as an axially connected stator heat dissipation channel for the motor module 10, assisting in the cooling of the stator 4.

[0056] The stator base 5, the wound stator core 40, and the annular shell 12 with magnets 15 arranged on its inner surface are coaxially fitted together to form a rotating body. A rotating upper cover 11 is fitted on the top and has a shaft hole that runs vertically along the central axis. The connecting shaft 6 passes through this shaft hole. A bearing 61 is fitted on the outside of the connecting shaft 6, and the bearing 61 engages with the central shaft hole of the motor module 10 (stator base 5). For example, a flange is formed in the central shaft hole 53 of the stator base 5, and a bearing 61 is placed in each of the upper and lower shaft holes of the flange, with the bearing 61 pressing against the inner wall of the shaft hole 52. A locking washer 63 is fitted at the bottom end of the connecting shaft 6 and secured with screws. The locking washer 63 abuts against the outside of the bottom end face of the stator base 5, and a limiting annular flange 62 is provided at the top of the connecting shaft 6 (e.g., ...). Figure 7The annular flange 62 abuts against the annular groove 111 extending outside the shaft hole of the upper end cover 11. The locking shaft washer 63 and the limiting annular flange 62 are used to limit the axial vertical movement of the connecting shaft 6, thereby restricting the axial vertical movement of the connecting shaft 6. Through the cooperation of the connecting shaft 6 and its outer bearing 61 with the shaft hole 53 of the stator seat 5, the cooperation of the locking shaft washer 63 with the bottom end face of the stator seat, and the cooperation of the annular flange 62 of the central shaft with the annular groove 111 of the upper end cover, the connecting shaft 6 passes through the central shaft hole 53 of the stator seat 5 and the central shaft hole 110 of the upper end cover 11, connecting the stator 4 (specifically the stator seat 5) and the rotor 1 together. The locking shaft washer 63 is locked at the bottom end of the connecting shaft 6 with a screw 64. The locking shaft washer 63 is adjusted by adjusting the screw 64 to adjust the preload of the bearing 61, thereby optimizing the bearing clearance.

[0057] A ball bearing is provided between the connecting shaft 6 and the bearing 61 to reduce resistance during rotation.

[0058] The power unit 100 also includes a circuit board module 70 and a navigation light module 71 electrically connected to the circuit board module. The circuit board module 70 is installed inside the arm module 20, and the navigation light module 71 is installed on the arm module 20, for example, in a position easily visible from the outside on the outer periphery of the arm. The navigation light module 71 is designed to provide real-time feedback on the UAV's status, battery level, etc. during flight. Furthermore, if the UAV itself malfunctions, the navigation light can provide timely warnings to help prevent accidents. Preferably, the electronic components or assemblies of the motor module are integrated onto a PCB board to form the circuit board module 70, and the navigation light assembly is centrally assembled in a lamp housing to form the navigation light module 71, which is installed on the outer periphery of the arm module.

[0059] The arm module 20 is hollow inside and includes a top wall, side walls, and a bottom wall. One end of the arm module 20 is a connecting part 21 for mounting the motor module 10, and the other end is a tubular connecting end 25 for connecting the arm shaft 200. Inside the connecting part 21 of the arm module is a cavity 26 for mounting the circuit board module 70 (e.g., ...). Figure 10 The top wall of the cavity 212 has a through hole 213 and the upper surface of the top wall is recessed to form a cavity 212. The side wall 27 is provided with an air inlet 23. The air inlet 23 is connected to the air passage of the cavity 212. The cavity 26 for mounting the circuit board module is connected to the air passage of the cavity 212 through the through hole 213 on the top wall. The cavity 212 is connected to the stator heat dissipation channel air passage (e.g., 44 / 55).

[0060] The arm module 20 includes an upper arm 2 and a lower arm 3, which are fitted together. Several mounting holes 80 are provided along the four perimeters of the upper and lower arms. Fasteners such as screws 8 pass through the corresponding mounting holes 80, thereby detachably fixing the upper and lower arms together. The upper and lower arms can also be connected by snap-fit ​​connections, protrusion / groove fittings, or other connection methods to form a detachable connection.

[0061] The arm module 20 also includes a heat sink 7 for cooling the circuit board module 70. The upper and lower arms 2 and 3, the heat sink 7, the circuit board module 70 installed inside the arm module 20, and the navigation light module 71 installed on the arm module 20 are all modularly designed and assembled in a detachable manner for easy maintenance. Furthermore, the arm module 20 and the motor module 10 are also connected using a modular design combined with a detachable method. This modular design combined with a detachable connection or assembly method allows for quick and easy positioning during arm installation, improving installation efficiency.

[0062] Preferably, the upper arm 2 and the lower arm 3 are injection molded parts, and the injection molding design reduces the overall weight and improves energy utilization while ensuring strength; injection molding waste can also be recycled and reused, reducing material waste; the energy consumption of injection molding machines is lower than that of metal processing equipment, and the lightweight injection molded products can reduce carbon emissions during transportation.

[0063] The upper arm 2 is mainly used to support and install the motor module 10 and forms the air inlet 23.

[0064] The top of the boom module 20 is provided with a connecting portion 21 adapted to the motor module 10. For example, the connecting portion 21 at the top of the boom module 20 corresponds to a rotary top wall, which is labeled "connecting portion top wall (or rotary top wall) 21" in the following embodiments. The connecting portion top wall 21 is provided with mounting holes 80, and mounting holes 50 are correspondingly provided at the bottom of the motor module 10. Screws 8 are adapted to the mounting holes 80 and 50 and are inserted into the mounting holes to connect the motor module 10 and the boom module 20. The screws 8 can be other types of fasteners, or they can be structural components integrally formed with the top wall of the boom module. As an example, the rotating top wall 21 of the arm module 20 is provided with four (not limited to four) upward-protruding fasteners (such as protruding pillars or screws) 8, which are symmetrically distributed. Correspondingly, a corresponding number (such as four) of downward-protruding symmetrical columns 51 are provided at the bottom of the motor module 10. Each column 51 has a central hole along its axis as an assembly hole 50. The assembly hole 50 is adapted to the fastener (such as screw) 8. The fastener 8 is inserted into the assembly hole 50 and tightened or threaded to form a detachable fixed connection between the motor module 10 and the arm module 20. It can be understood that the assembly hole 50 and the fastener 8 can be interchanged; on the other hand, the assembly hole 50 can also be set in other forms, not limited to the central hole of the column 51. The motor module 10 is a rotating body, such as a cylinder, and its bottom annular edge is adapted to the four peripheral edges 211 of the rotating top wall 21 of the arm module 20 and is set at intervals. The rotating top wall 21 of the arm module 20 is also provided with limiting blocks 24. Each fastener (such as a screw) 8 has two (not limited to two) limiting blocks 24 on both sides, which limit the movement of each column 51 at the bottom of the motor module 10. All limiting blocks 24 are located on the same circular arc, which is centered on the bottom center of the connecting shaft 6 or the rotating top wall 21. The fasteners (such as screws) 8 are symmetrically arranged with the center of this arc as the center of symmetry. When the arm module 20 is connected to the motor module 10, the fasteners (such as screws) 8 are inserted into the mounting holes 50 in the columns 51. The ends of the columns 51 abut against the rotating top wall 21, and the ends are limited by the two limiting blocks 24 in the above-mentioned circumferential direction to restrict the rotational movement of the central support 5 of the motor module 10. It can be understood that the fasteners (such as screws) 8 and the mounting holes 50 can be provided in more than one set, symmetrically or asymmetrically, preferably centrally symmetrically. Fasteners (such as screws) 8 are inserted upwards from the top wall 21 of the machine arm module into the assembly hole 50, and can be tightened or threaded together.

[0065] The sidewall 27 of the upper arm 2 extends downward from the outer periphery of the top wall 21. The top surface (upper surface) of the top wall 21 is a rotary concave surface 210 and forms a cavity 212. A predetermined annular gap 22 is provided between the bottom periphery of the motor module 10 and the annular edge 211 of the top wall 21 as a side annular air intake channel 22 (e.g., Figure 6-7The upper arm 2 has several through-holes 80 inside its top wall 21, such as four centrally symmetrical mounting holes. Several fasteners (screws) 8 penetrate the mounting holes 80 from bottom to top, with the nuts abutting against the back (inner surface) of the top wall 21. The screws extend upwards from the concave surface 210 and are tightly fitted with the mounting holes 50 corresponding to the bottom of the motor module 10. Reinforcing ribs 29 are provided on the back of the top wall 21 (the side opposite the concave surface 210). For example, the reinforcing ribs 29 radiate outwards from the center point of the top wall. Furthermore, several mounting holes 80 (such as four centrally symmetrical mounting holes) are provided at the center of the top wall, and the reinforcing ribs 29 are connected to each mounting hole 80 from the center point. The top wall 21 also has channels 28, which are connected to the air inlets 23 on the side wall and the concave cavity 212 on the top surface. The channels 28 can be multiple and of various shapes and sizes, depending on the needs. The top wall 21 is also provided with a through hole 213, which connects the mounting cavity 26 for mounting circuit board modules on the lower surface of the top wall with the recess 212 on the upper surface of the top wall. The side air inlet 23 is not directly connected to the cavity 26.

[0066] A local reinforcing rib 29 is added to the bottom of the connection between the upper arm 2 and the motor module 10. This local reinforcing rib optimizes the load distribution of the upper arm 2, making the load transfer more even. It can significantly enhance the load-bearing capacity of the arm, making the arm stable when bearing heavy loads; at the same time, it effectively suppresses the deformation of the arm module under stress, ensuring the stability of the arm structure. Moreover, while playing a role in strengthening the structure, the local reinforcing rib also takes into account the lightweight design, without excessively increasing the overall weight of the drone.

[0067] Air inlets 23 are formed on the sidewalls 27 around the upper arm 2. A row of elongated slots is set on the front and rear sidewalls as air inlets 23. The shape and number of air inlets 23 are adapted to the needs and the shape of the sidewalls. The elongated slots are located below the top wall of the upper arm from bottom to top, which facilitates the intake of ambient air into the cavity 212 on the top surface. The airflow flows into the cavity 212 through the channel 28 of the top wall 21 and merges with the air drawn in through the annular gap 22 to flow into the motor module 10. The airflow flows through the airflow channel (which can be used as a stator heat dissipation channel) 55 of the stator base 5, and can also flow through the stator tooth slot (which can be used as a stator heat dissipation channel) 44 and the gap 48 (which can be used as a stator heat dissipation channel) between the magnet 15 and the tooth surface 45 of the stator tooth 43 from bottom to top along the axial direction. Finally, it is guided by the airflow cavity 130 of the inner wall of the upper end cover 11 and the guide groove to the circumferential annular exhaust channel 140 and discharged outward.

[0068] The other end (other side) of the upper arm 2 extends along its length to form an upper tubular shell (with a semi-circular cross-section) 251, which is a tubular connecting end 25. An upper partition is provided between the bottom cavity of the upper tubular shell 251 and the cavity inside the bottom of the rotating body. The upper partition has a groove 215 for mounting a wire sheath 72. The wire sheath 72 is annular with a through hole in the middle for conductive wires or power lines to pass through and to bind the conductive wires and power lines. The conductive wires and power lines are connected to the circuit board module 70, the motor module 10 (winding), and the battery. Various grooves can be formed on the surface of the upper tubular shell 251 to reduce material consumption without affecting strength.

[0069] The lower arm 3 is shaped to match the upper arm, and its periphery (sidewall) edge is aligned with the periphery (sidewall) edge of the upper arm 2. It is fitted with mounting holes 80 and assembled using fasteners such as screws 8, or by means of snap-fit. The first end of the lower arm 3 corresponds to the position of the top wall 21 of the rotary connecting part of the upper arm 2, and it abuts against the upper arm 2 and its upper and lower edges to form a cavity 26. The circuit board module 70 is installed inside this cavity, and the circuit board module 70 can be snapped onto the bottom wall of the lower arm 3. In some embodiments, the cavity 26 is defined by the lower surface of the top wall 21 of the upper arm connecting part, another side wall 27' (without an air inlet or through hole) located inside its side wall 27, and the lower arm wall, thereby separating the cavity 26 from the outer side wall 27 where the air inlet 23 is located. A through hole 31 is provided on the bottom wall of the lower arm 3, extending vertically through the bottom wall. A heat dissipation plate 7 is placed over the through hole 31 and secured in place. The heat dissipation plate 7 can also be fixed to the bottom of the lower arm by fasteners engaging with the mounting holes. On the other side of the lower arm 3, corresponding to the tubular connecting end 25, is the lower half-tube shell. A lower partition plate is provided inside the bottom wall of the lower arm 3, corresponding to the position of the upper partition plate in the upper arm 2. The lower partition plate has a groove 32. When the upper and lower arms are engaged, the upper and lower partition plates abut against each other, and the grooves interlock to form an annular groove for securing the wire sheath 72. This groove is located outside the end of the circuit board module 70. The upper and lower partition plates and the lower arm secure the circuit board module 70. Buckles and / or fasteners can also be used to detachably secure the circuit board module 70. The circuit board module 70 is electrically connected to the motor module 10 (winding) via conductive wires, to the battery via power lines, and to the navigation light module 71.

[0070] One side of the heat sink 7 faces inward (cavity 26) and can be flat, closely contacting the circuit board module 70 for rapid heat transfer. The other side faces outward, with heat sink fins installed on the outward-facing side for rapid outward heat dissipation. The heat sink 7 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity. The circuit board module 70 is in direct contact with the heat sink 7 inside the lower arm. When the circuit board module 70 operates, it generates a large amount of heat, which is promptly conducted to the heat dissipation surface through the heat sink. This design can largely prevent the circuit board module 70 from overheating and failing, and also extends the service life of the circuit board module 70.

[0071] The integrated heat dissipation and exhaust design of the power unit 100 in this application, in conjunction with reference to... Figure 6-7 and Figure 10 The air intake and exhaust directions indicated by the arrows are as follows: the air intake 23 is provided in the arm module 20, the stator heat dissipation channel (including the airflow channel 55 defined in the stator 4 and / or the stator tooth slot 44 defined in the stator core and / or the gap 48 between the outer periphery of the stator core and the rotor magnet forms an axially vertically penetrating airflow channel) and the exhaust channel 140 is provided in the upper end cover 11. These airways are connected in sequence to form a heat dissipation airflow path. When the rotor 1 is rotating, it acts as a centrifugal fan, forcing cold air from the outside to be drawn in from below the centrifugal fan through the air intake 23. The airflow passes through the heat dissipation path and dissipates heat to the circuit board module 70 and the motor module 10 through heat exchange. The hot air is discharged through the exhaust channel 140 above.

[0072] More specifically, the airflow path for heat dissipation is as follows: the air inlet 23 of the peripheral side wall 27 of the upper arm 2, the cavity 212, the airflow channel 55 of the stator seat 5 / stator tooth groove 44 / gap 48 between the magnet 15 and the tooth surface 45 of the stator tooth 43, the airflow cavity 130 at the bottom of the upper end cover 11, and the circumferential annular exhaust channel 140 are connected by airflow; the air drawn in by the annular gap 22 can also be incorporated.

[0073] When rotor 1 is rotating, it forms a centrifugal fan, generating an exhaust effect. Cold air from the outside is actively drawn into the arm module 10 through the air intake channel 22 or air intake hole 23 using the principle of negative pressure. After being drawn in, the cold air first cools the heat-generating elements of the electronic components in the circuit board module 70 inside the arm module 10. Then, it enters the airflow channel of the motor stator 4, where heat exchange drives the hot air from the stator to the top cover 11, and finally exits through the annular exhaust channel 140 at the top, forming an intake and exhaust circulation system. During the gas flow, the cold air undergoes thorough heat exchange with the surface of the power heating unit module. Subsequently, the hot air is rapidly exhausted from the motor module 10 through the carefully designed annular exhaust channel above the motor module. This scientifically designed integrated intake and exhaust system creates a highly efficient and stable heat dissipation cycle, fully utilizing the airflow characteristics to achieve rapid heat transfer and dissipation, significantly improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and extending the service life of the electronic components and the motor module 10.

[0074] The power unit 100 of this application adopts a modular design, breaking down the complex UAV electrical system into simple sub-modules (motor module 10, arm module 20, circuit board module 70, and navigation light module 71). The simple structure facilitates disassembly and assembly; when the power unit needs to be disassembled, only the fasteners (screws) need to be removed to separate the motor module 10, arm module 20, circuit board module 70, and navigation light module 71. The UAV structure and internal space are simulated using 3D design software, optimizing the module stacking order and orientation for a more compact structure. This compact structure reduces air resistance and improves flight efficiency; it also reduces exposed external parts, improving dust and water resistance; and it reduces material usage and processing requirements, lowering production costs.

[0075] The bottom heat sink 7 of the arm module 20 of the power unit 100 of this application is made of a material with high thermal conductivity and is in direct contact with the circuit board module 70 inside the arm module, so as to conduct a large amount of heat generated by the circuit board module 70 during operation to the heat dissipation surface for heat dissipation to the environment.

[0076] The arm module 20 of the power unit 100 of this application adopts a reinforcing rib design. Local reinforcing ribs are added at the bottom of the connection between the upper arm 2 and the motor module, which significantly enhances the load-bearing capacity of the arm and ensures the stability of the arm structure.

[0077] The arm module 20 (upper and lower arms) of the power unit 100 of this application adopts an injection molding design: while ensuring strength, it reduces the overall weight.

[0078] More specifically, the power unit 100 of the above preferred embodiment has the following four advantages (1) to (4).

[0079] (1) High heat dissipation efficiency: The integrated intake and exhaust circulation design enables precise thermal management. Improved heat exchange efficiency: The operating temperature of electronic components is significantly reduced, effectively suppressing the negative impact of heat accumulation on performance; Extended lifespan and guaranteed performance: Extended lifespan of electronic components provides reliable heat dissipation support for high-performance operation of drones, reducing performance degradation or failure caused by overheating.

[0080] (2) Ease of disassembly and assembly: The modular design and quick-connect structure enable efficient operation and maintenance. ① Modular design: The drone power unit is divided into multiple functionally independent modules, each with standardized interfaces and dimensions, which facilitates production, assembly and maintenance; ② Quick-connect structure: It adopts a snap-fit ​​connection, a threaded self-locking connection and other structures to achieve quick assembly and disassembly while ensuring connection strength.

[0081] (3) Compact structure: High-efficiency space utilization is achieved through topology optimization and lightweight design. ① Optimization of volume and weight: While meeting the functional requirements of power and heat dissipation, the module volume and weight are minimized as much as possible, which reduces the overall size of the UAV, reduces flight drag, and improves energy utilization. ② Spatial integration and structural compactness: By making reasonable use of space and integrating structures, multiple functional modules are compactly combined to enhance the maneuverability and flexibility of UAVs, enabling them to better adapt to different flight environments and mission requirements, and expand their application areas; ③ Reduced processing costs: Effectively reduced material usage, resulting in a significant decrease in overall processing costs.

[0082] (4) Reinforcing rib design: The ring-shaped reinforcing rib design optimizes the load distribution and enhances the load-bearing capacity, achieving a lightweight design. ① Optimize load distribution: The load on the upper boom is scientifically redistributed through ring-shaped reinforcing ribs, so that the load is evenly transmitted, avoiding local stress concentration and improving the load-bearing stability of the boom; ②Enhanced load-bearing capacity: Significantly increases the upper limit of the arm's load-bearing capacity, ensuring the arm remains stable when bearing heavy loads and guaranteeing the structural reliability of the UAV under complex missions; ③ Achieve lightweight design: While strengthening the structure, the use of reasonable design and materials not only significantly reduces the overall weight of the drone, but also improves energy efficiency and flight endurance.

[0083] Accordingly, the UAV power unit 100 of the above embodiments can effectively solve the following technical problems: (1) Solve the problem that the heat dissipation efficiency of the existing UAV heat dissipation structure is low, and it cannot dissipate the heat generated by electronic components and motors in a timely and effective manner, which leads to the increase of internal temperature and affects the performance stability, service life and overall operational safety of electronic components and motors. (2) Solve the problem that the existing UAVs have unreasonable air intake and exhaust layout, poor air flow, serious heat accumulation, and reduced heat dissipation effect; (3) Solve the problem that traditional UAV structures lack modularity, the connections between components are complex and tight, the disassembly and assembly process is cumbersome and time-consuming, and it is difficult to quickly replace faulty components; (4) Solve the problem of high processing costs and high maintenance costs of traditional integrated power parts; (5) Solve the problems of large redundant space, large overall volume and high processing cost of traditional UAV structure.

[0084] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power unit for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), characterized in that, The power unit includes a motor module at the top, a robotic arm module at the bottom, and a circuit board module installed inside the robotic arm module and electrically connected to the motor module. The motor module is mounted on top of the arm module; the motor module includes a stator and a rotor that are coupled to each other; The rotor includes a rotatable upper cover located on top of the motor module, a propeller is mounted on the upper cover and the propeller is driven to rotate, and an exhaust channel is provided around the periphery of the upper cover. The stator and rotor are coupled, and an axially connected stator heat dissipation channel is formed inside; The arm module is provided with an air inlet for drawing ambient air into the arm module; The heat dissipation configuration of the power unit is as follows: the air inlet located on the arm module, the stator heat dissipation channel connected vertically in the motor module, and the exhaust channel around the upper end cover are connected in sequence to form a heat dissipation airflow path; when the rotor is rotating, a centrifugal fan is formed, and cold air from the outside is forcibly drawn into the arm module from below the motor module through the air inlet. The heat generated by the operation of the circuit board module is first dissipated through heat exchange, and then enters the stator heat dissipation channel to dissipate the heat generated by the operation of the motor module through heat exchange. The hot airflow from the stator heat dissipation channel is discharged to the upper end cover at the top of the motor module, and finally discharged from the exhaust channel, forming an intake and exhaust circulation system.

2. The power unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arm module includes a top wall, side walls, and a bottom wall; one end of the arm module is a connecting part for mounting the motor module, and the other end is a tubular connecting end for connecting the arm shaft; In the connecting part of the arm module, there is a cavity for installing the circuit board module. The top wall has a through hole and the upper surface of the top wall is recessed to form a cavity. The side wall is provided with the air inlet hole. The air inlet hole is connected to the air passage of the cavity. The cavity for installing the circuit board module is connected to the air passage of the cavity through the through hole on the top wall. The cavity is connected to the air passage of the stator heat dissipation channel.

3. The power unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, At the connection part of the arm module, a heat dissipation plate is provided on its bottom wall; one side of the heat dissipation plate is in direct contact with the circuit board module, and the other side is a heat dissipation surface exposed to the environment. The heat generated by the operation of the circuit board module is conducted to the heat dissipation surface for heat dissipation; the heat dissipation surface is provided with heat dissipation fins.

4. The power unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, At the connection part of the arm module, its top wall is connected to the motor module by fasteners; and reinforcing ribs are added to the bottom and / or top surface of its top wall. The arm module includes an upper arm and a lower arm connected vertically; the heat sink is installed in the bottom opening of the lower arm and located below the circuit board module; the circuit board module is installed inside the bottom of the lower arm; The upper and lower arms are injection molded parts.

5. The power unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The power unit adopts a modular design, and the interconnected modules are detachably connected; the modules include the motor module, the arm module, the circuit board module, and the navigation light module; The upper arm and the lower arm are provided with corresponding mounting holes on their four periphery, and fasteners are used to pass through the corresponding mounting holes to form a detachable fixed connection; and / or, the upper arm and the lower arm are detachably fixedly connected by a snap-fit. The circuit board module is clamped and fixed inside the lower arm; The navigation light module is secured in a slot located on the outer periphery of the arm module.

6. The power unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on the lower surface of the top wall of the connecting part; the plurality of reinforcing ribs are distributed radially; One end of the circuit board module is provided with a wire protection sleeve to secure the conductive wires and power lines connected to the circuit board module. There is an annular gap between the bottom of the motor module and the top of the arm module, which forms an air intake channel for drawing in ambient air; the annular gap is connected to the concave air passage.

7. The power unit as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The upper end cover is provided with an annular circumferential sidewall, which forms an airflow cavity around the bottom surface of the upper end cover; the exhaust channel is formed by hollowing out the annular circumferential sidewall of the upper end cover along the circumferential direction to form an annular exhaust channel for circumferential side exhaust; the exhaust channel is connected to the airflow cavity. The bottom surface of the upper end cover is provided with several protruding ribs, which are arranged radially and evenly with the central shaft hole of the upper end cover as the center. The rib connects the bottom surface to the annular sidewall and forms a guide groove, which guides the airflow from the airflow cavity to the annular exhaust channel.

8. The power unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The rotor includes the upper end cover, an annular shell serving as the rotor yoke, and a plurality of rotor magnets evenly distributed on the inner wall of the annular shell; the upper end cover is adapted to the annular shell and is placed on the top of the annular shell, and the peripheral sidewall of the upper end cover is connected to the annular shell. The rotor magnet, the annular shell, and the upper end cover rotate together around the central axis. The bottom surface of the peripheral sidewall of the upper end cover is provided with protrusions to form an annular platform for mounting rotor magnets; the protrusions are inserted into and attached to the inner wall of the top of the annular shell, and magnet mounting slots are formed between adjacent protrusions, and a rotor magnet is fixed in each magnet mounting slot. The stator and rotor are coaxially arranged, with the stator located inside the annular shell and having a through-hole along the central axis. A connecting shaft is used to connect the stator and rotor by being disposed through the through-hole.

9. The power unit as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The stator is an electromagnet, which includes a stator core and a winding coil wound on the stator core; The center of the stator core is a through hole that runs vertically along the axial direction. The motor module also includes a stator base; the stator base is adapted to the stator core and coaxially fitted into the through hole in the center of the stator core; the stator base has a shaft hole that runs vertically along the central axis; The stator base is used to fix the stator core and provide mechanical support for the motor module; The stator heat dissipation channel is configured as follows: an axially vertically penetrating airflow channel defined within the stator base, and / or an axially vertically penetrating airflow channel defined within the stator core, and / or an axially vertically penetrating airflow channel formed by the gap between the outer periphery of the stator core and the rotor magnet.

10. The power unit as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The stator base and stator core are coaxial rotating bodies nested inside and out. The stator base is used for auxiliary heat dissipation and includes an inner first rotating wall and an outer second rotating wall that are coaxially spaced and nested. The first rotating wall has a shaft hole that runs vertically through the central axis, and the connecting shaft is fitted with a bearing and accommodated in the shaft hole. The second rotating wall cooperates with the stator core and is fitted tightly onto the inner circumferential surface of the through hole in the center of the stator core. An airflow channel that runs vertically through the axial direction is formed between the first rotating wall and the second rotating wall. The first rotating wall and the outer second rotating wall are connected by several connecting bones; the connecting bones extend downward to form columns and have mounting holes inside; the top of the arm module is provided with an upwardly protruding fastener; the fastener is inserted into the mounting hole in the column to fit tightly, thereby connecting the arm module and the motor module. Several air guide grooves are formed on the inner surface of the second rotating wall along the axial direction.

11. The power unit as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The stator core includes a central shaft and multiple stator teeth; The core portion is in the shape of a rotating body, and its interior contains a through hole that extends vertically along the axial direction. The central shaft serves as the stator yoke, and the plurality of stator teeth are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the central shaft along the circumference; a stator tooth slot is formed between two adjacent stator teeth; each stator tooth slot forms an airflow channel that runs vertically through the axial direction; The stator tooth includes a tooth tip, a tooth body, and a tooth root. The outer end face of the tooth tip is the tooth surface. The tooth surface is opposite to the rotor magnet, and they are spaced apart by a predetermined gap and are coaxially arranged. The tooth body is the middle part connecting the tooth tip and the tooth root. The tooth root is connected to one end of the stator yoke, and the winding coil is sleeved on the root of the stator tooth. In the rotor magnet, the N pole and the S pole each account for half, and the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged on the inner wall surface of the annular shell that serves as the rotor yoke. The second rotating wall of the stator base mates with the stator core and is fitted tightly onto the inner circumferential surface of the shaft.

12. The power unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The motor module is a rotating body with a shaft hole running vertically along the axis at its center. A connecting shaft is inserted into the shaft hole to connect the rotor and the stator. The rotor includes the upper end cover, an annular shell serving as a rotor yoke, and a plurality of rotor magnets evenly distributed on the inner wall of the annular shell; the upper end cover is disposed on the top of the annular shell; the rotor magnets, the annular shell, and the upper end cover are fixedly connected; a shaft hole is provided at the center of the upper end cover. The stator includes a stator core, and the center of the stator core has a through hole that runs vertically along the axial direction. The motor module also includes a stator base, which is fixedly installed in the through hole at the center of the stator core and coaxially disposed in the annular shell together with the stator core; The stator base is provided with a through shaft hole at its center; The connecting shaft is fitted with a bearing, which is then assembled into the shaft hole at the center of the stator seat. A rolling bearing is formed by balls between the connecting shaft and the bearing. A locking washer is fitted at the bottom end of the connecting shaft. The locking washer is locked to the bottom end of the connecting shaft with screws. The locking washer is adjusted by screws to position the bearing in the shaft hole at the center of the stator seat. The locking washer and the bearing cooperate to limit the lower end of the connecting shaft. A limiting annular flange is provided at the top of the connecting shaft, and an annular groove is formed on the top surface of the upper end cover outside the shaft hole; the upper end of the connecting shaft is limited by the cooperation between the annular flange and the annular groove.

13. The power unit as described in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The power unit also includes a navigation light module, which is mounted on the outer periphery of the arm module and electrically connected to the circuit board module; the circuit board module controls the display functions of the navigation light module, including: real-time feedback of the UAV's status and / or battery level and / or UAV malfunction during flight.

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