Hoisting and turning-over clamp for large special-shaped component with truss pieces and turning-over method of hoisting and turning-over clamp

Abstract

The invention provides a hoisting and turning-over clamp for a large special-shaped component with a truss piece and a turning-over method of the hoisting and turning-over clamp. The hoisting and turning-over clamp is provided with at least two tool units. Each tool unit is of a frame type surrounding structure and is attached to and matched with a large special-shaped component in a lossless mode. The tool unit is composed of a first left longitudinal component, a second top transverse component, a third right longitudinal component and a fourth bottom transverse arc component which are sequentially connected in a fastened mode end to end. One side of the bottom of the fourth bottom transverse arc part is provided with an arc section, and the other side is provided with a linear section which is in smooth transition connection with the arc section; the linear section is used for horizontally supporting the large special-shaped component; the arc section is used for supporting the large special-shaped component in a rolling manner on the ground to realize supporting and overturning of the component on the ground; shackle lifting holes formed in the tool units are connected with the lifting appliance through steel wire ropes; according to the turning-over method, the load originally borne by hoisting equipment is transferred to the ground, and stable, safe, economical, lossless and low-load efficient turning-over of the component is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of components or devices for crane lifting in operation and transportation, and specifically relates to a lifting and turning clamp for large irregular components with truss plates and its turning method. Background Technology

[0002] To achieve the 90° turning motion of a large, irregularly shaped component with trusses as shown in Figure 1, the following three methods are generally used.

[0003] The first approach involves designing a specialized flipping device that relies on precision tooling to achieve a 90° flip of large, irregularly shaped components with trusses. During the flipping process, a certain amount of space is required to ensure stability, safety, and efficiency. Furthermore, the unstable center of gravity of the component increases the difficulty and risk of the flipping operation; consequently, the increased operational difficulty leads to higher operating costs.

[0004] The second method involves using a wire rope winding method for the turning operation. The first step is to precisely wind the wire rope around the center of gravity of the large, irregularly shaped component with trusses, ensuring the winding is both uniform and stable. Then, a crane is used to lift the wound wire rope to an appropriate height, and the eccentric principle is used to cause the steel beam to turn. However, this method has drawbacks: the wire rope winding operation is difficult, the instantaneous impact force on the lifting equipment is large, and the crane load is excessive.

[0005] The third method involves using a combination of a gantry crane and a lifting device to achieve the turning operation. However, to lift the large, irregularly shaped component with trusses as shown in Figure 1 using the lifting device, the lifting lugs of the lifting device must first be pre-welded to the large, irregularly shaped component. However, pre-welding the lugs can cause welding and grinding damage to the large, irregularly shaped component, and is labor-intensive and time-consuming, extending the production cycle of the turning operation and affecting the construction progress. Therefore, the following new technical solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a hoisting and turning fixture and a turning method for large irregular components with trusses. Through the design of special tooling units, this invention solves the technical problem of turning large irregular components with trusses smoothly, safely, economically, with low load, without damage, and efficiently from the ground.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a hoisting and turning fixture for large irregular components with trusses, wherein the hoisting and turning fixture is composed of at least two tooling units with the same structure; each tooling unit is a frame-type enclosing structure; the frame-type enclosing structure fits and wraps the large irregular component with trusses without damage.

[0008] The tooling unit consists of a left longitudinal component 1, a top transverse component 2, a right longitudinal component 3, and a bottom transverse arc component 4, which are fastened together in sequence. The bottom transverse arc component 4 has an arc segment on one side of its bottom and a straight segment on the other side of its bottom. The straight segment and the arc segment are smoothly connected.

[0009] The straight segment is used to horizontally support the large irregular component; the arc segment is used to roll and support the large irregular component on the ground, thereby realizing the guiding and flipping operation of the large irregular component supported by the ground.

[0010] The tooling unit is provided with shackle lifting holes, which are respectively provided on the top transverse component two and the right longitudinal component three. The shackle lifting holes are used to connect the wire rope and the lifting device through the wire rope.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a soft protective layer is further provided between the contact surface between the tooling unit and the large irregular component; the soft protective layer is a rubber pad or a textile fabric.

[0012] The above technical solution further includes: a pad block, which is placed on the ground and is used to support the bottom of the straight section of the tooling unit; the pad block is provided with a buffer material, which is a rubber pad; the ground is also provided with a steel plate, which is used to distribute the pressure borne by the ground.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the central angle corresponding to the arc line of the arc segment of the tooling unit is ≥90°.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the tooling unit is arranged within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component.

[0015] In the above technical solution, further: the left longitudinal component 1, the top transverse component 2, the right longitudinal component 3, and the bottom transverse arc component 4 are all sheet steel plate structures; the left longitudinal component 1 has at least four bolt holes I at its upper and lower ends, the top transverse component 2 has four bolt holes II at its left and right ends, the right longitudinal component 3 has four bolt holes III at its upper and lower ends, and the bottom transverse arc component 4 has four bolt holes IV at its top left and right ends; the bolt holes I, II, III, and IV are used to connect the left longitudinal component 1, the top transverse component 2, the right longitudinal component 3, and the bottom transverse arc component 4 sequentially into one unit using fasteners; the top transverse component 2 has two sets of shackle lifting holes that are symmetrical about the left and right axes; the right longitudinal component 3 has multiple shackle lifting holes that are evenly distributed.

[0016] The present invention also claims protection for a method for turning over a large irregularly shaped component with trusses, the method comprising using a hoisting and turning clamp as described in any of the preceding claims to clamp the large irregularly shaped component to achieve the turning over of the large irregularly shaped component, and including the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Install tooling units: Pre-erect the large irregular component with truss plates on the jig support platform; use at least two sets of tooling units to fit and clamp the large irregular component; finally, connect the at least two sets of tooling units to the lifting device using wire ropes.

[0018] Step 2, hoisting: The hoisting equipment uses wire ropes and tooling units to lift large irregular components and lift them off the support platform of the jig. Then, the large irregular components are hoisted and transferred to the ground pad, ensuring that the straight section of the tooling unit is aligned with the ground pad in preparation for dropping.

[0019] Step 3, Tilting: The lifting device continues to lower the large irregular component via the wire rope and tooling unit; after the large irregular component continues to fall to the upper surface of the pad, the large irregular component gradually tilts under its own weight; the gradually tilting large irregular component makes rolling friction contact with the ground through the arc segment of the tooling unit; in turn, the ground bears most of the load of the large irregular component; under the action of gravity, the large irregular component rotates around the arc surface of the arc segment, thereby completing the 90° rotation action of the large irregular component.

[0020] In the above technical solution, further: before step 1, there is also a center of gravity identification and positioning step: first, the center of gravity position of the large irregular component is confirmed by computer with the help of building information modeling (BIM) software to assist in parameter modeling and calculation; second, the installation position of the positioning tooling unit is marked within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component.

[0021] In the above technical solution, further: when step 1 uses tooling units to fit, wrap, and clamp the large irregular component on the jig support platform, it includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S101: Connect the left longitudinal component 1, the top transverse component 2, and the right longitudinal component 3 sequentially on the ground using fasteners to form an inverted U-shaped frame structure with the opening facing downwards.

[0023] Step S102: Erect the inverted U-shaped frame structure with the opening facing down within 1m to 3m to the left or right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component. Finally, fasten the bottom transverse arc component four to the bottom of the frame structure. The first tooling unit is composed of the left longitudinal component one, the top transverse component two, the right longitudinal component three, and the bottom transverse arc component four. The first tooling unit constitutes the first hoisting and turning support point of the large irregular component.

[0024] Step S103: Repeat steps S101 and S102 to complete the assembly of the second tooling unit on the large irregular component, and make the first tooling unit and the second tooling unit symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the center of gravity of the large irregular component.

[0025] In the above technical solution, preferably: in step S1, the lifting tool, wire rope and large irregular component form a triangular lifting structure, and the lifting angle of the wire rope when lifting the large irregular component is less than or equal to 60°.

[0026] In the above technical solution, further: before the lifting device in step S2 officially lifts the large irregular component using wire rope and tooling unit, a trial lift is performed; during the trial lift, the lifting device first lifts the large irregular component 200mm off the ground using wire rope and tooling unit, and observes the overall stability after standing still for five minutes. If the large irregular component remains horizontal and without tilting after standing still for five minutes, then the formal lifting of the large irregular component is prepared.

[0027] In the above technical solution, step S3 further includes the following steps:

[0028] S301, Initial Landing: The spreader carrying the large irregular component slowly descends until it lands on the upper surface of the mat in the turning area, ensuring that the large irregular component lands accurately on the mat. The spreader carrying the large irregular component continues to descend slowly, using the weight of the large irregular component to gradually tilt it and form a natural turning angle.

[0029] S302, Natural Rotation: As the lifting device continues to be lowered, the large irregular component rotates around the support point of the arc segment of the tooling unit under the action of gravity, gradually completing the 90° directional change of the large irregular component; the operator closely observes the posture change of the large irregular component within a safe distance to ensure that the rotation process of the large irregular component is carried out smoothly and orderly.

[0030] S303. Complete overturning and disassembly: After the large irregular component is completely overturned into place, disconnect the steel wire rope from the second transverse component at the top of the tooling unit, and instead connect the steel wire rope to the third longitudinal component on the right side of the tooling unit; the lifting device lifts the large irregular component again through the steel wire rope until the successfully overturned large irregular component is placed stably on the temporary support structure, thus completing the overturning operation of the large irregular component.

[0031] Advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies:

[0032] 1. The tooling unit of this invention has a simple structure, is economical and practical, and can be reused. During flipping, the arc segment in the tooling unit contacts the ground, fundamentally changing the way the component is subjected to flipping force. The flipping load, originally borne by the lifting equipment, is effectively transferred to the ground through the arc segment of the tooling unit. Under the component's own weight, the ground bears the flipping load of the large irregular component. Through the guiding effect of the arc segment in the tooling unit, the large irregular component can be flipped evenly, quickly, and safely on the ground, greatly reducing the instantaneous impact force during flipping and eliminating the damage to the large irregular component caused by welding of auxiliary components such as flipping lugs. The tooling unit can be repeatedly disassembled and reused, enabling stable, safe, economical, low-load, non-destructive, and efficient flipping operation of large irregular components with trusses, which is suitable for widespread application.

[0033] 2. The design of arranging tooling units on the left and right sides of the center of gravity of large irregular components in this invention effectively improves operational safety and lifting stability, avoids risks such as component deflection and loss of control caused by unbalanced torque during rotation or flipping of a single tooling unit, and effectively protects the safety of the large irregular component body, surrounding facilities and operators, making it safe and reliable.

[0034] 3. The overturning method of the present invention enables seamless connection between the hoisting and overturning of large irregular components from the special jig support platform to the ground overturning area, reduces the number of process conversions and equipment adjustments, optimizes the overturning construction process, reduces construction risks, significantly improves the efficiency of overturning operations and overall construction safety, and has good engineering application prospects.

[0035] 4. The present invention uses a turning method in which the ground bears most of the turning load, which effectively reduces the equipment failure rate and operational accident risk caused by excessive impact force. By optimizing the force path during the turning process through the arc segment in the tooling unit, the damage to the large irregular component body and its surrounding structure is significantly reduced, the service life of the large irregular component is extended, and the post-maintenance and replacement costs of the large irregular component lifted by the tooling unit are reduced, thus having both good economic benefits and practical value.

[0036] 5. The ground-bearing flipping operation of the tooling unit of the present invention can meet the instantaneous posture transformation requirements of large irregular components from horizontal to vertical or from vertical to horizontal during the flipping process; at the same time, the design of the shackle lifting hole of the tooling unit takes into account the lifting operation requirements after the transformation, ensuring that the entire process is safe, stable and efficient.

[0037] 6. The tooling unit of this invention adopts a frame-type enclosed structure, and a soft protective layer is added between the contact surface of the tooling unit and the large irregular component. The design of setting buffer material between the large irregular component and the pad block forms an effective constraint and protection for the large irregular component, effectively preventing the component from slipping. At the same time, it avoids the damage to the structure of large irregular components caused by traditional welding lugs, further improving the construction quality and safety.

[0038] 7. The shackle lifting holes on the tooling unit of this invention are adjustable in position and have the function of automatically adapting and adjusting the unbalanced center of gravity, which effectively improves the stability and operational efficiency of the flipping operation.

[0039] 8. The present invention uses the ground as the main load-bearing force for the flipping of large irregular components. Even when the lifting equipment capacity is limited, the tooling unit can still achieve the flipping operation through step-by-step operation, effectively breaking through the limitation of single machine lifting capacity, reducing dependence on heavy equipment, and reducing the impact load borne by the lifting equipment during the flipping process, thereby reducing equipment wear and maintenance costs.

[0040] 9. The tooling units of this invention are arranged close to the center of gravity of large irregular components to reduce the overturning moment. They are rationally positioned in conjunction with the ground bearing capacity and the site environment. For large irregular components with uneven shape or mass, at least two sets of tooling units are used to work together to effectively prevent the large irregular components from deflecting or twisting. Before operation, the center of gravity is simulated using computer software BIM to perform accurate mechanical analysis, including center of gravity calculation, force analysis, overturning moment verification and dynamic balance control simulation, to ensure that the whole process is controlled and the overturning operation is carried out safely and reliably.

[0041] 10. The tooling unit for turning over in this invention has been structurally verified and possesses sufficient strength and rigidity. A soft protective layer is provided between the tooling unit and the large irregular component to effectively protect the surface of the component. The tooling unit for turning over completely covers the structure of the large irregular component, avoiding collision damage during the turning process. The installation position of the tooling unit avoids the critical stress area of ​​the large irregular component, enabling non-destructive lifting and ensuring a smooth turning path, thereby improving operational safety and efficiency.

[0042] 11. The position of the shackle lifting hole of the present invention is adjustable, and it has the function of automatic adaptation and adjustment of unbalanced center of gravity, which effectively improves the stability and operation efficiency of the flipping operation. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1(a) is a front view of the large irregular component with truss to be flipped according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 1(b) is an enlarged side view of the large irregular component with truss plates of Figure 1(a) of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2(a) is an enlarged exploded front view of the tooling unit of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2(b) is a front view of the tooling unit of the present invention in its combined state;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping of the tooling unit of the present invention with the large irregular component shown in Figure 1(b);

[0048] Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram showing the complete clamping of the tooling unit of the present invention with the large irregular component shown in Figure 1(b);

[0049] Figure 5(a) is a front view of the two tooling units of the present invention clamped with the large irregular component in Figure 1(a);

[0050] Figure 5(b) is a top view of Figure 5(a) after the wire rope and lifting gear have been removed;

[0051] Figure 6(a) is a state diagram related to step 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6(b) is a state diagram related to step 2 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6(c) is a state diagram related to step 3 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6(d) is a state diagram when the flipping of the present invention is completed;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a top view of the invention completing a 90° flip of a large, irregularly shaped component in a flipping area;

[0056] In the diagram: 1-Tooling unit, 2-Large irregular component, 101-Left longitudinal component one, 102-Top transverse component two, 103-Right longitudinal component three, 104-Bottom transverse arc component four, 1041-Arch segment, 1042-Straight segment, 1011-Bolt hole I, 1021-Bolt hole II, 1031-Bolt hole III, 1043-Bolt hole IV, 3-Shackle lifting hole, 4-Wire rope, 5-Lifting tool, 6-Frame support platform, 7-Ground, 8-Soft protective layer, 9-Padded block. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to Figures 1-7. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] A hoisting and turning clamp for large irregularly shaped components with truss plates.

[0059] It should be noted that the present invention is applicable to the hoisting and turning of large, irregularly shaped components with truss plates, such as those shown in Figure 1(a) and Figure 1(b). The hoisting and turning fixture used during hoisting and turning is characterized by the following: (as shown in Figure 2) the hoisting and turning fixture consists of at least two tooling units 1 with identical structures (as shown in Figure 5(a)); each of the tooling units 1 (as shown in Figure 2(b)) Figure 4(As shown) are all frame-type enclosed structures; the frame-type enclosed structure is non-destructively fitted to fit and wrap large irregular components 2 with truss plates.

[0060] (As shown in Figure 2) The tooling unit 1 consists of a left longitudinal component 101, a top transverse component 102, a right longitudinal component 103, and a bottom transverse arc component 104, which are sequentially fastened together. The bottom transverse arc component 104 has an arc segment 1041 on one side of its bottom and a straight segment 1042 on the other side of its bottom. The straight segment 1042 and the arc segment 1041 are smoothly connected.

[0061] (As shown in Figure 6(a)) The straight segment 1042 is used to horizontally support the large irregular component 2; (As shown in Figure 6(c)) The arc segment 1041 is used to roll and support the large irregular component 2 on the ground 7, thereby realizing the guiding and flipping operation of the large irregular component 2 supported by the ground.

[0062] (as shown in Figure 2) Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the tooling unit 1 is provided with shackle lifting holes 3. The shackle lifting holes 3 are respectively provided on the top horizontal component 102 and the right longitudinal component 103. The shackle lifting holes 3 are used to connect the wire rope 4 and the lifting device 5 through the wire rope 4.

[0063] Specifically, the flipping mechanism of this invention, through the design of tooling unit 1, transfers most of the load, originally borne by the lifting equipment, to the ground 7 via the arc segment 1041 of the bottom transverse arc component 4 104 of tooling unit 1. This ingenious design adjustment enables uniform speed control during the flipping operation of large irregularly shaped components 2. Consequently, the instantaneous impact force generated during the flipping operation is significantly reduced, and the potential load damage to the relevant lifting equipment is significantly minimized. Furthermore, this design significantly improves operational safety, reducing the risk of lifting equipment malfunctions or operational accidents caused by excessive impact force. Simultaneously, the design of tooling unit 1 effectively reduces the degree of damage to the large irregularly shaped components 2, the truss itself, and the surrounding structure during the flipping process, extending the service life of these components and reducing maintenance and replacement costs. In summary, this invention not only improves operational efficiency and safety but also possesses significant economic benefits and practicality.

[0064] It should be noted that the frame-like enclosure structure, composed of at least two identical tooling units 1, can seamlessly fit and wrap large, irregularly shaped components 2 with truss plates. This design fully considers the complex shape of the irregularly shaped components, ensuring a tight fit between the tooling unit 1 and the component during hoisting and turning, providing stable and reliable support and fixation, effectively avoiding safety accidents caused by component swaying or mismatched clamps. The combination of multiple tooling units 1 allows for flexible adjustment and assembly according to the size and shape of different large, irregularly shaped components 2. For components of different specifications, simply increasing or decreasing the number of tooling units 1, or adjusting their relative positions, can achieve effective hoisting and turning of various components, greatly improving the versatility and applicability of the clamps and reducing the cost of customizing multiple special clamps due to component differences. The bottom transverse arc component 104 has a unique design, with one side of the bottom being an arc segment 1041 and the other side a straight segment 1042, with a smooth transition between the two. The straight segment 1042 is used for horizontal support of large irregular components, providing stable static support and ensuring the components remain stable during the preparation stage before hoisting. The arc segment 1041 can roll to support the large irregular component 2 on the ground 7. During the flipping process, the rolling of the arc segment 1041 enables the large irregular component 2 to be guided and flipped by the ground 7, making the flipping process smoother and more stable, reducing resistance and impact during the flipping process, and lowering the risk of component damage. The design of the arc segment 1041 provides precise guidance for the flipping of the large irregular component 2, enabling it to flip along a predetermined trajectory, avoiding deviation or loss of control during the flipping process, and improving the accuracy and safety of the hoisting and flipping operation. At the same time, operators can more precisely control the flipping angle and speed of the large irregular component 2, ensuring that the operation process meets the construction requirements. In terms of hoisting connection: the tooling unit 1 is connected to the wire rope 4 through the shackle hoisting hole 3, and then the wire rope 4 is connected to the lifting device 5. This connection method is simple and quick, facilitating rapid assembly and disassembly by operators on site. The use of shackles when connecting the lifting hole 3 to the wire rope 4 increases the reliability of the connection, enabling it to withstand greater tensile force and ensuring that safety accidents such as disengagement will not occur during lifting, thus protecting the safety of construction personnel and equipment. In terms of overall performance: the tooling unit 1 adopts a frame structure, with each component sequentially and tightly connected end-to-end, forming a stable overall structure. This integrated structure can withstand large distributed loads, effectively resisting the gravity and rotational force of the large irregular component 2, ensuring that the tooling unit 1 itself will not deform or be damaged, thereby providing long-term stable support and protection for the large irregular component 2. Due to the reasonable structural design of the tooling unit 1 of this invention, combined with the selection of high-quality materials, it achieves non-destructive fitting of the large irregular component 2 during lifting, thus possessing high durability and reusability.After completing a hoisting and turning operation, tooling unit 1 can be reused after simple inspection and maintenance, reducing construction costs and improving resource utilization.

[0065] (like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in the above embodiment, a soft protective layer 8 is further provided between the contact surface of the tooling unit 1 and the large irregular component 2; the soft protective layer 8 is a rubber pad or textile fabric, and the setting of the soft protective layer 8 effectively avoids the tooling unit 1 from directly contacting the surface of the large irregular component 2 and causing surface damage.

[0066] (As shown in Figure 6(b)) In the above embodiment, it further includes a pad 9, which is provided on the ground 7 and is used to support the bottom of the straight segment 1042 of the tooling unit 1; the pad 9 is provided with a buffer material, which is a rubber pad, and is used to protect the surface of the large irregular component 2 and reduce the impact force; the ground 7 is also provided with a steel plate (not shown in the figure), which is laid on the ground 7 and is used to disperse the pressure borne by the ground 7 and prevent the deformation of the large irregular component 2 caused by stress concentration and foundation settlement.

[0067] (like Figure 3 As shown in the above embodiment, preferably, the central angle corresponding to the arc line of the arc segment 1041 of the tooling unit 1 is ≥90°. Setting a central angle greater than or equal to 90° effectively enables large irregular components 2, as shown in Figure 1, to achieve at least 90° flipping operations on the ground 7 by their own weight.

[0068] It should be noted that when the central angle corresponding to the arc of the arc segment 1041 is ≥90°, the self-weight of the large irregular component 2 can be more fully converted into the power to rotate the component during the flipping process. As the large irregular component 2 rolls around the arc segment 1041, the component of its self-weight always acts in the direction that promotes the flipping, allowing the large irregular component 2 to continuously and stably rotate by its own weight, reducing dependence on external power sources and lowering energy consumption and equipment costs. The larger central angle ensures a smoother power transmission path for the self-weight-generated power during the flipping process of the large irregular component 2. From the start of the flipping process to reaching at least 90°, the power can be applied continuously and effectively to the large irregular component 2, avoiding power interruption or poor transmission caused by an excessively small central angle, making the flipping process smoother and improving work efficiency. In addition, the central angle design of ≥90° provides a more stable support foundation for the large irregular component 2. Due to its larger central angle, the rotation trajectory of the large, irregularly shaped component 2 on the ground 7 is more defined and controllable. Operators can precisely achieve a rotation of at least 90° by controlling the initial position and rotation speed of the large, irregularly shaped component 2, meeting the requirements of different construction scenarios and processes. Simultaneously, this controllability facilitates real-time monitoring and adjustment of the large, irregularly shaped component 2 during rotation, allowing for timely detection and resolution of potential problems. The central angle design of ≥90° enables this lifting and turning clamp to adapt to a wider variety of large, irregularly shaped components 2. The ≥90° central angle design ensures uniform force distribution on the component during rotation, preventing deformation caused by excessive localized stress. This is particularly important for large, irregularly shaped components 2 with complex structures and uneven strength distribution, ensuring that the large, irregularly shaped component 2 maintains its original shape and dimensional accuracy after rotation, meeting the requirements of subsequent installation and use.

[0069] (As shown in Figure 5) In the above embodiment, preferably, the tooling unit 1 is arranged within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2.

[0070] It should be noted that the determination of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2 in this invention is achieved by using computer software BIM to rationally plan the installation position of the tooling unit 1 based on the length and weight distribution of the large irregular component 2, thereby ensuring the hoisting stability of the large irregular component 2. The selection of the lifting fulcrum of the tooling unit 1 on the large irregular component 2 is a crucial step. The fulcrum should be arranged near the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2 to reduce the overturning moment, and the position should be determined comprehensively based on the ground bearing capacity and the surrounding environment to ensure the stability and safety of the operation. Placing the tooling unit 1 within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2 allows for a better balance between the supporting force of the tooling unit 1 on the component and the component's own weight. Within this 1m to 3m range, the tensile and compressive forces borne by the tooling unit 1 are relatively evenly distributed, avoiding the imbalance caused by the support point being too far from the center of gravity, resulting in excessive force on one side and insufficient force on the other. This effectively prevents problems such as tilting, swaying, or even slipping of the component during hoisting, ensuring the stability of the hoisting operation. For large, irregularly shaped components 2 that require flipping, positioning the tooling unit 1 within 1m to 3m of the center of gravity provides suitable torque for the flipping. Within this range, by controlling the lifting equipment, the large, irregularly shaped component 2 can be flipped smoothly around the arc segment 1041, avoiding jamming or obstruction during the flipping process due to improper support point positioning, ensuring that the flipping action proceeds smoothly according to the predetermined trajectory and speed. If the tooling unit 1 is positioned too far from the center of gravity, significant internal forces will be generated within the large, irregularly shaped component 2 during lifting and flipping, potentially leading to structural damage such as cracks, deformation, or even breakage. Positioning the tooling unit 1 within 1m to 3m of the center of gravity ensures a more uniform and reasonable distribution of internal stress within the large, irregularly shaped component 2 under load, effectively reducing the risk of structural damage and ensuring the integrity and quality of the large, irregularly shaped component 2. Because tooling unit 1 is positioned within a reasonable range near the center of gravity, the large, irregularly shaped component 2 can be brought into a relatively stable lifting state without requiring extensive adjustments to its position and orientation before hoisting. During the flipping process, the flipping action can be performed quickly and accurately, reducing repetitive operations and waiting time caused by improper adjustments, thus improving the efficiency of the entire construction process. This arrangement method has good versatility and adaptability, meeting the hoisting and flipping needs of large, irregularly shaped components 2 of different shapes, sizes, and weights. It is suitable for various construction scenarios, improving the flexibility and efficiency of construction.

[0071] It should be further explained that (as shown in Figures 2 and 5) firstly, the plate-type steel structure design of tooling unit 1 fully considers the coverage of the large irregular component 2, and secondly, avoids collisions or damage to the large irregular component 2 or surrounding facilities during the flipping or rotation process. Given the uneven distribution of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2, hoisting it with a single tooling unit 1 is prone to rotational instability. Therefore, this invention employs at least two tooling units 1 working in concert to improve the accuracy and safety of the flipping control of the large irregular component 2. Simultaneously, the stability of the large irregular component 2 during lifting, 90° flipping, and positioning stages should be considered hoisted comprehensively during construction to ensure safe and controllable operation at each stage, thereby improving overall construction efficiency and quality.

[0072] Secondly, (such as) Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in Figure 6(c), the bottom transverse arc component 104 is the core functional component of the tooling unit 1. The bottom transverse arc component 104 bears the key force and structural constraints. The design should fully consider the complete wrapping of the outline of the large irregular component 2 to prevent the large irregular component 2 from shifting or colliding during the flipping process. The arc segment 1041 of the bottom transverse arc component 104 ensures that the large irregular component 2 is supported by the ground 7 under its own weight and all the load-bearing components bear the force, completing the 90° smooth flipping of the large irregular component 2, especially eliminating the instantaneous impact force when the large irregular component flips at 90°. The smooth transition between the arc segment 1041 and the straight segment 1042 ensures that the large irregular component 2 has good stability after the 90° flip (such as the truss changing from a horizontal position to an upright position), avoiding the risks and efficiency losses caused by secondary adjustments. (As shown in Figure 2) The lifting position of the shackle lifting hole 3 is adjustable, and it has the function of automatic adaptation and adjustment of unbalanced center of gravity, which effectively improves the stability and operation efficiency of the flipping operation.

[0073] The present invention also claims protection for a method for turning over a large irregularly shaped component with trusses, the method comprising using a hoisting and turning clamp as described in any of the preceding claims to clamp the large irregularly shaped component to achieve the turning over of the large irregularly shaped component, and including the following steps:

[0074] (As shown in Figure 6(a)) Step 1: Install the tooling units: Pre-erect the large irregular component 2 with truss plates on the jig support platform 6; (Refer to Figure 5) Use at least two sets of tooling units 1 to fit and clamp the large irregular component 2; finally, connect at least two sets of tooling units 1 to the lifting device 5 using wire ropes 4. It is also necessary to pre-check the safety and compatibility of the wire ropes 4, the shackles at the ends of the wire ropes 4, and the lifting device 5 to ensure there is no wear or cracks; at the same time, ensure that the wire ropes 4 are firmly connected to the lifting device 5 and the tooling units 1, and that all connection points are securely fastened to prevent slippage or loosening. This series of inspection measures can identify and eliminate potential safety hazards in advance, preventing accidents such as component falling or slipping due to equipment failure or loose connections during hoisting and turning, providing a solid safety foundation for the entire turning operation.

[0075] (As shown in Figure 6(a)) Step 2, hoisting: The hoisting device 5 uses the wire rope 4 and tooling unit 1 to lift the large irregular component 2, and then lifts the large irregular component 2 away from the support platform 6. Afterwards, the large irregular component 2 is hoisted and transferred to the pad 9 on the ground 7, ensuring that the straight section 1042 of the tooling unit 1 is aligned with the ground pad 9 for lowering. The hoisting process should be uniform and stable to avoid tilting or swaying of the large irregular component 2. If the large irregular component 2 is found to be unbalanced or its center of gravity shifts, hoisting should be stopped immediately, and the large irregular component 2 should be returned to its original position as shown in Figure 6(a). The lifting point position of the tooling unit 1 should be readjusted or the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2 should be recalculated. All connecting parts should be inspected a second time before hoisting. This strict operating procedure effectively controls the risks during hoisting, ensures the stability of the component during hoisting, reduces accidents caused by shaking or imbalance, and protects the safety of construction personnel and surrounding equipment.

[0076] Step 3, Flipping: (As shown in Figure 6(b)) The lifting device 5 continues to lower the large irregular component 2 via the wire rope 4 and the tooling unit 1; after the large irregular component 2 continues to fall to the upper surface of the pad block 9, the large irregular component 2 gradually tilts under its own weight (as shown in Figure 6(c)); the gradually tilting large irregular component 2 makes rolling friction contact with the ground 7 through the arc segment 1041 of the tooling unit 1; in turn, the ground 7 bears most of the load of the large irregular component 2; under the action of gravity, the large irregular component 2 flips around the arc surface of the arc segment 1041, thereby completing the 90° flipping action of the large irregular component 2 (as shown in Figure 6(d)). There are at least four pad blocks 9, two of which are used for the flipping support of the large irregular component 2, and the other two are used as temporary supports for the large irregular component 2. A well-arranged pad block 9 provides stable and reliable support for the large, irregularly shaped component 2, dispersing its weight during the flipping process and preventing excessive local stress that could damage the component or cause instability. Simultaneously, the temporary support pad block 9 plays a supporting stabilizing role during component flipping, further enhancing construction safety.

[0077] It should be noted that the method steps of this invention—step 1, installing the tooling unit; step 2, hoisting; and step 3, flipping—are detailed and clear, with clear instructions and requirements for each step from installing tooling unit 1 and hoisting to flipping. Construction personnel can operate according to the standardized procedures, reducing repetitive work and errors caused by unclear operations, thus improving construction efficiency. This method is applicable to large, irregularly shaped components with trusses. Because tooling unit 1 uses a fitted and clamping method, it can be adjusted and installed according to the shape and size of different large, irregularly shaped components 2, thus possessing strong versatility and applicable to the flipping operations of various types of large, irregularly shaped components 2, expanding the scope of application. This method has relatively low requirements for the construction site, requiring only basic facilities such as a support platform and ground blocks. Whether in a factory workshop or on a construction site, a corresponding support platform 6 and ground blocks 9 can be set up according to the actual situation to achieve the flipping operation of large, irregularly shaped components 2, demonstrating strong site adaptability.

[0078] In the above embodiments, further: before step 1, there is also a center of gravity identification and positioning step: in order to identify the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2, firstly, the center of gravity position of the large irregular component 2 is confirmed by computer with the help of building information modeling (BIM) software to assist in parameter modeling and calculation; secondly, the installation position of the tooling unit 1 is clearly marked within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2, so as to provide an accurate positioning basis for the installation of the tooling unit 1.

[0079] It should be further explained that BIM software is used to determine the center of gravity of the large, irregularly shaped component 2, predicting the stress state of the component 2 under different lifting point arrangements of tooling unit 1, thereby optimizing the lifting point positions of tooling unit 1. Using computer-aided parametric modeling and calculation of the center of gravity position of the large, irregularly shaped component using BIM software can fully consider factors such as the component's complex geometry and material distribution. Compared with traditional manual estimation or simple measurement methods, BIM software can accurately simulate the physical characteristics of the component, obtaining accurate center of gravity coordinates through complex algorithms and data analysis. This precise center of gravity positioning provides a reliable foundation for the subsequent installation of tooling units, ensuring that the tooling units can be installed in the most reasonable position, thereby improving the accuracy of the entire turning process. Furthermore, by using BIM software for center of gravity calculation and simulation, a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the turning process can be conducted before construction, identifying potential safety hazards in advance. For example, by simulating the stress and movement trajectory of the large, irregularly shaped component 2 under different working conditions, it is possible to determine whether there are risks such as collisions between the large, irregularly shaped component 2 and surrounding equipment, or failure of tooling unit 1, and to take corresponding preventative measures in a timely manner. This proactive safety management approach effectively reduces safety risks during construction and improves overall construction safety. A trial lift is required before formal hoisting. If the trial lift is unstable, the lifting points of fixture unit 1 can be fine-tuned on the large, irregularly shaped component 2, changing the position of the stress points in real time to adapt to the changes in the large, irregularly shaped component 2's posture. To achieve smooth rotation, BIM software is used to perform mechanical analysis on the weight of the truss segments, support points, and points of application of external forces in the large, irregularly shaped component 2, accurately calculating the torque and equilibrium point to determine the optimal stress state. All fixture units 1 must undergo structural verification and be put into use only after meeting strength and stability requirements to prevent damage to the large, irregularly shaped component 2 or personnel accidents due to fixture unit 1 failure. Precise center of gravity marking and positioning provide clear guidance for the installation of fixture unit 1, eliminating the need for construction personnel to spend considerable time on repeated adjustments and trial and error. Installing fixture unit 1 directly according to the marked lines allows for rapid installation, significantly shortening the installation time. Meanwhile, the accurate installation position of tooling unit 1 ensures that the large, irregularly shaped component 2 can move smoothly along the predetermined trajectory during hoisting and flipping, reducing construction interruptions and repetitive operations caused by installation problems and improving the efficiency of the entire construction process. Using BIM software for center of gravity calculation and tooling unit 1 positioning allows for digital simulation and optimization of each stage of the construction process. Before construction, the BIM model can intuitively display the steps and requirements of the entire flipping process, allowing construction personnel to familiarize themselves with the construction process in advance and clarify their respective tasks and responsibilities. During construction, the BIM model can also provide real-time feedback on construction progress and quality information, facilitating coordination and command by management personnel, timely identification and resolution of problems, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process, and further improving construction efficiency.By using BIM software for construction simulation and optimization, construction resources and manpower can be rationally allocated, avoiding waste and idleness. For example, based on the construction schedule and task arrangement determined by the BIM model, construction personnel and equipment can be precisely deployed, ensuring that each construction stage is carried out efficiently, improving resource utilization and reducing construction costs.

[0080] Furthermore, before the formal hoisting and flipping, it should be ensured that the site environment, equipment configuration, and personnel operations are all under control. Sufficient clearance and horizontal space should be ensured within the hoisting area to accommodate the movement required for flipping large, irregularly shaped components (e.g., ...). Figure 7 (As shown). Furthermore, ensure that the ground 7 is flat and firm. For example, as mentioned above, steel plates can be laid on the ground 7 to avoid stress concentration problems.

[0081] In the above embodiments, further: (as shown in Figure 6(a)) when step 1 uses the tooling unit 1 to fit and clamp the large irregular component 2 on the jig support platform 6, it includes the following steps:

[0082] Step S101: On the ground 7, connect the left longitudinal component 101, the top transverse component 2 102, and the right longitudinal component 3 103 end to end with fasteners to form an inverted U-shaped frame structure with the opening facing down.

[0083] Step S102, (as shown) Figure 3 (As shown) An inverted U-shaped frame structure with the opening facing downwards is erected within a range of 1m to 3m to the left or right of the center of gravity of a large, irregularly shaped component; (e.g.) Figure 4 (As shown) Finally, the bottom horizontal arc component 104 is fastened to the bottom of the frame structure; the first tooling unit 1 is composed of the left longitudinal component 101, the top horizontal component 2 102, the right longitudinal component 3 103, and the bottom horizontal arc component 4 104. The first tooling unit 1 constitutes the first hoisting and turning support point of the large irregular component 2.

[0084] Step S103: Repeat steps S101 and S102 to complete the assembly of the second tooling unit 1 on the large irregular component 2 (as shown in Figure 5), and make the first tooling unit 1 and the second tooling unit 1 symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2, respectively.

[0085] It should be noted that steps S101 to S103 above have significant technical advantages in terms of effective protection of large, irregularly shaped components 2, installation accuracy, construction safety, construction efficiency, and the versatility of tooling unit 1. It enables precise adaptation between tooling unit 1 and large, irregularly shaped components 2, protecting the structural integrity of the components 2. The modular installation of tooling unit 1 achieves precise positioning and improves installation accuracy. The symmetrical distribution and reasonable stress distribution of tooling unit 1 are prerequisites for the stable turning of the component on the ground. The modular installation design of tooling unit 1 makes the assembly and disassembly process simpler and faster, improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction cycle. This design of tooling unit 1 has a certain degree of versatility, capable of adapting to the clamping of large, irregularly shaped components 2 with varying shapes and sizes. The modular design and rapid assembly and disassembly characteristics of tooling unit 1 reduce the need for a large amount of auxiliary materials and complex tools during construction. Simultaneously, the increased construction efficiency also reduces the manpower required for construction. These factors all contribute to reducing construction costs and improving the economic benefits of the project.

[0086] In the above embodiments, preferably: (as shown in Figure 5(a)) in step S1, the lifting device 5, the wire rope 4 and the large irregular component 2 form a triangular lifting structure, and the lifting angle of the wire rope 4 when lifting the large irregular component 2 is less than or equal to 60°.

[0087] It should be noted that using a triangular lifting structure composed of the lifting device 5, wire rope 4, and large irregular component 2, with the lifting angle of the wire rope 4 being less than or equal to 60°, offers significant technical advantages in terms of mechanical performance, component safety, construction operation, and equipment protection. The specific analysis is as follows: Triangles possess stable geometric properties. When the lifting device, wire rope, and large irregular component form a triangular lifting structure, this structure effectively disperses the tensile force generated during lifting. The mutual constraints between the sides ensure that the entire lifting system maintains a relatively stable state under external forces, preventing deformation or swaying. Compared to some non-triangular lifting structures, the triangular structure better resists external interference, ensuring a smooth lifting process. In the triangular lifting structure, the tensile force borne by the wire rope 4 can be more evenly transmitted to the lifting device 5 and the large irregular component 2. When the lifting angle of the wire rope 4 is less than or equal to 60°, the force transmission path is more direct and rational. Based on the principles of force composition and decomposition, a smaller lifting angle allows for a larger vertical component of the tension in the wire rope 4, thus more effectively lifting the large irregular component 2. Simultaneously, it reduces the horizontal component, minimizing the swaying and offset caused by horizontal tension during lifting and improving force transmission efficiency. When a triangular lifting structure with a lifting angle less than or equal to 60° is used, the movement trajectory of the large irregular component 2 is more stable and predictable. Operators can more easily control the lifting, lowering, and moving speed of the component, improving the accuracy and safety of construction operations. In terms of safety, a smaller angle reduces local stress concentration, preventing the large irregular component 2 from tilting. However, in terms of construction operations, operators need to monitor the status of the large irregular component 2 in real time and adjust lifting parameters accordingly. Using a triangular lifting structure with a lifting angle less than or equal to 60° results in a more stable and predictable movement trajectory for the large irregular component 2. Operators can more easily control the lifting, lowering, and moving speed of the component, improving the accuracy and safety of construction operations. In situations where space is limited at construction sites, a smaller lifting angle allows the lifting equipment to complete the lifting and installation of large, irregularly shaped components 2 within a smaller area. When the lifting angle is too large, the wire rope 4 will bear a greater lateral tensile force during lifting, which will increase the friction between the wire rope 4 and the large, irregularly shaped component 2 and the lifting device 5, thus accelerating the wear of the wire rope 4. However, when the lifting angle is less than or equal to 60°, the lateral tensile force on the wire rope 4 is smaller, and the friction is correspondingly reduced, effectively reducing the wear of the wire rope 4, extending its service life, and reducing equipment maintenance costs. A smaller lifting angle allows for more even force distribution on the lifting equipment, reducing vibration and impact caused by uneven force distribution during lifting.This helps protect various components of the lifting equipment, such as motors, speed reducers, and brakes, extending the equipment's lifespan and improving its reliability and stability. At the same time, even force distribution reduces energy consumption and lowers construction costs.

[0088] In the above embodiment, further: before the lifting device 5 officially lifts the large irregular component 2 using the wire rope 4 and tooling unit 1 in step S2, a trial lift is performed; during the trial lift, the lifting device 5 first lifts the large irregular component 2 2 200mm off the ground using the wire rope 4 and tooling unit 1, and observes the overall stability after standing still for five minutes. If the large irregular component 2 remains horizontal and without tilting after standing still for five minutes, then the formal lifting of the large irregular component 2 is prepared.

[0089] In the above embodiments, step S3 further includes the following steps:

[0090] S301, Initial Landing: (As shown in Figure 6(b)) The spreader 5 carrying the large irregular component 2 slowly descends until the large irregular component 2 is slowly lowered onto the upper surface of the pad 9 in the turning area, and ensures that the large irregular component 2 lands accurately on the pad 9; the spreader 5 carrying the large irregular component 2 continues to descend slowly, using the weight of the large irregular component 2 to gradually tilt the large irregular component 2, forming a natural turning angle (as shown in Figure 6(c)).

[0091] S302, Natural Rotation: As the lifting device 5 continues to lower, the large irregular component 2 rotates around the support point 1041 of the arc segment of the tooling unit 1 under the action of gravity, gradually completing the 90° directional change of the large irregular component 2 (as shown in Figure 6(d)); the operator closely observes the posture changes of the large irregular component 2 within a safe distance (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown), ensure that the flipping process of the large irregular component 2 is carried out smoothly and orderly;

[0092] S303, Complete Flipping and Disassembly: (As shown in Figure 6(d), wire rope 4 is not shown) After the large irregular component 2 is completely flipped into place, the connection between the wire rope 4 and the top transverse component 102 of the tooling unit 1 is removed, and the wire rope 4 is connected to the right longitudinal component 103 of the tooling unit 1. The lifting device 5 lifts the large irregular component 2 again through the wire rope 4 until the successfully flipped large irregular component 2 is placed stably on the temporary support structure, thus completing the flipping operation of the large irregular component 2.

[0093] It should be noted that the specific operational steps included in step S3 of the above embodiments, such as S301 (initial descent), S302 (natural flipping), and S303 (complete flipping and disassembly), have significant technical advantages in terms of protection of large irregular components 2, operational safety, construction efficiency, quality control, and cost savings. A detailed analysis is as follows: In the initial descent stage, the lifting device 5 slowly lowers the large irregular component 2 onto the upper surface of the turning area pad 7, ensuring accurate landing. This precise positioning operation avoids collisions between the component and the pad or other surrounding objects due to positional deviations during descent, reducing damage to the component's surface. Simultaneously, the accurate landing point provides a stable foundation for the subsequent natural flipping process, ensuring that the large irregular component 2 follows a predetermined trajectory during flipping, preventing swaying or tilting during the flipping process due to improper initial positioning, further protecting the structural integrity of the component. Utilizing the self-weight of the large irregular component 2 to gradually tilt it and form a natural flipping angle avoids forcibly flipping the component using external force, reducing localized stress concentration caused by uneven external force. During the natural rotation process, the various parts of the large irregular component 2 are subjected to relatively uniform stress, which can effectively reduce the risk of defects such as cracks and deformations inside the component. Especially for some large irregular components with brittle materials or complex structures, this natural rotation method can better protect their performance and quality. During the natural rotation process, the operator closely observes the posture changes of the large irregular component 2 from a safe distance. This arrangement fully considers the safety of construction personnel, avoids operators getting close to the rotating component, and reduces the probability of safety accidents caused by accidental falling or shaking of the component. During the initial landing and rotation process, the pad block 9 and the arc segment 1041 of the tooling unit 1 provide stable support for the large irregular component 2. The pad block 9 can bear the weight of the large irregular component 2 and distribute it evenly on the ground 7, reducing the settlement or damage to the ground 7 caused by excessive local stress. The arc segment 1041 of tooling unit 1 serves as the support point for the flipping of the large irregular component 2. Its arc shape allows the large irregular component 2 to roll smoothly during the flipping process, reducing friction and resistance, and minimizing vibration and impact during the flipping, thus further ensuring construction safety. The natural flipping method utilizes the weight of the large irregular component 2 and the support of tooling unit 1 to achieve a 90° directional change of the component. Compared to the traditional method of forcibly flipping components using large mechanical equipment, this reduces the need for additional flipping equipment and operational procedures. This simplified flipping process saves construction time and improves construction efficiency. Once the large irregular component 2 is fully flipped into position, the connection between the wire rope 4 and the top transverse component 102 of tooling unit 1 can be quickly removed, and the wire rope 4 can be connected to the right longitudinal component 103 of tooling unit 1. Then, the large irregular component 2 can be lifted again and placed stably on the temporary support structure.This rapid disassembly and re-lifting method reduces the time large, irregularly shaped components 2 spend in the air, improving the continuity and smoothness of construction. Simultaneously, the rational disassembly and connection sequence makes the operation simpler and faster, further improving construction efficiency. The entire flipping process, through slow descent, natural flipping, and re-lifting, achieves the smooth and orderly flipping of large, irregularly shaped components 2. The use of natural flipping reduces the need for large flipping equipment, lowering equipment purchase and rental costs. At the same time, the simplified construction process reduces the use of other auxiliary equipment, further saving equipment costs. The optimized construction process and simple operation method allow construction personnel to complete the component flipping operation more efficiently, reducing manpower input. Furthermore, because construction safety is guaranteed, it reduces personnel injuries and downtime losses caused by safety accidents, lowering labor and management costs and improving the project's economic benefits.

[0094] The working principle of this invention is as follows: It should be noted beforehand that the turning operation of the large irregular component 2 with trusses, as shown in Figure 1, is essentially a process of smoothly transitioning from the initial posture to the target posture while maintaining overall mechanical balance by adjusting the support points and applying external force (as shown in Figure 6). This process is highly dependent on key parameters such as the center of gravity position of the large irregular component 2, the fulcrum arrangement of the tooling unit 1 on the large irregular component 2, the setting of the lifting points of the shackle lifting holes 3 on the tooling unit 1, and the turning path, and is the core technology for achieving safe and efficient operation. Therefore, when flipping the large irregular component 2 with trusses as shown in Figure 1, the present invention firstly (as shown in Figure 5) needs to complete the center of gravity positioning of the large irregular component 2 on the jig support platform 6. Then, tooling units 1 are arranged on the left and right sides of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2, and the hook-and-lift holes 3 made at specific positions on the tooling units 1 serve as the lifting points for the wire ropes 4. Next, with the help of lifting equipment, the large irregular component 2 is smoothly transferred from the jig support platform 6 to the flipping area on the ground 7 (e.g., ...). Figures 6(a) to 6(b)As shown in Figure 6(c), the lifting process of the large irregular component 2 is kept stable and controllable. Secondly, the lifting device 5 of the crane is slowly lowered and the hook is released. After the large irregular component 2 lands and contacts the pad 9 on the ground 7, the large irregular component 2, under its own weight, achieves natural tilting and flipping around the fulcrum 1041 of the arc segment of the tooling unit 1 on the ground 7 (as shown in Figure 6(c)). Thus, the large irregular component 2 can achieve spatial posture change supported by the ground 7 without the help of the lifting equipment load. During the entire flipping process of the large irregular component 2, the posture of the large irregular component 2 is continuously monitored. If necessary, the connection position of the wire rope 4 and the shackle lifting hole 3 on the tooling unit 1 is adjusted to adjust the force on the lifting point, or a new tooling unit 1 or an auxiliary traction wire rope 4 is added to ensure that the flipping process of the large irregular component 2 is stable and controllable. Finally, after the large irregular component 2 has completed the predetermined angle of 90° rotation (as shown in Figure 6(d)), a new tooling unit 1 is immediately established to support the large irregular component 2. For example, the wire rope 4 is removed from the top transverse component 2 102 and replaced with the right longitudinal component 3 103. The large irregular component 2 is lifted and transferred again and moved to the end position, thereby ensuring the stable placement of the large irregular component 2.

[0095] As can be seen from the above description, the tooling unit 1 of the present invention has a simple structure, is economical and practical, and can be reused. When flipping, the arc segment 1041 of tooling unit 1 contacts the ground 7, and the force distribution changes fundamentally. The flipping load originally borne by the lifting equipment is effectively transferred to the ground 7 through the arc segment 1041 of tooling unit 1. The ground 7 then supports the large irregular component 2. Through the guiding effect of the arc segment 104 in tooling unit 1, the large irregular component 2 can be flipped evenly, quickly, and safely on the ground 7. This significantly reduces the instantaneous impact force during flipping and eliminates the damage to the large irregular component 2 caused by welding of auxiliary components such as flipping lugs. Tooling unit 1 can be repeatedly disassembled and reused, enabling the large irregular component 2 with truss plates to be flipped smoothly, safely, economically, with low load, without damage, and quickly, making it suitable for widespread application.

[0096] The design of arranging tooling units 1 on the left and right sides of the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2 in this invention effectively improves the safety of operation and the stability of lifting. It avoids the risks of component deflection and loss of control caused by unbalanced torque during the rotation or flipping of a single tooling unit 1, and effectively protects the safety of the large irregular component 2, surrounding facilities and operators. It is safe and reliable.

[0097] The overturning method of this invention enables seamless connection between the hoisting and overturning of large irregular components 2 from the dedicated jig support platform 6 to the overturning area on the ground 7. This reduces the number of process changes and equipment adjustments, optimizes the overturning construction process, reduces construction risks, significantly improves the efficiency of overturning operations and overall construction safety, and has good prospects for engineering applications.

[0098] The present invention features a flipping method in which the ground 7 bears most of the flipping load, which effectively reduces the equipment failure rate and operational accident risk caused by excessive impact force. By optimizing the force path during the flipping process through the arc segment 1041 in the tooling unit 1, damage to the large irregular component 2 and its surrounding structure is significantly reduced, the service life of the large irregular component 2 is extended, and the post-maintenance and replacement costs of the large irregular component 2 after being lifted by the tooling unit 1 are reduced, thus having both good economic benefits and practical value.

[0099] The ground 7 of the tooling unit 1 of the present invention supports the flipping operation, which can meet the instantaneous posture transformation requirements of large irregular components 2 from horizontal to vertical or from vertical to horizontal during the flipping process; at the same time, the design of the shackle lifting hole 3 of the tooling unit 1 takes into account the lifting operation requirements after the transformation, ensuring that the entire process is safe, stable and efficient.

[0100] The tooling unit 1 of this invention adopts a frame-type enclosed structure, and a soft protective layer 8 is added between the contact surface of the tooling unit 1 and the large irregular component 2. The design of setting buffer material between the large irregular component 2 and the pad block 9 effectively constrains and protects the large irregular component 2, effectively preventing the component from slipping. At the same time, it avoids the damage to the structure of the large irregular component 2 caused by the traditional welding lifting lug method, further improving the construction quality and safety.

[0101] The shackle lifting hole 3 on the tooling unit 1 of this invention can be adjusted in position and has the function of automatically adapting and adjusting the unbalanced center of gravity, which effectively improves the stability and operation efficiency of the flipping operation.

[0102] In this invention, the ground 7 serves as the main load-bearing force for the flipping of large irregular components 2. Even when the lifting equipment capacity is limited, the tooling unit 1 can still achieve the flipping operation through step-by-step operation, effectively breaking through the limitation of single machine lifting capacity, reducing dependence on heavy equipment, and reducing the impact load borne by the lifting equipment during the flipping process, thereby reducing equipment wear and maintenance costs.

[0103] The tooling unit 1 of this invention is arranged close to the center of gravity of the large irregular component 2 to reduce the overturning moment. It is reasonably positioned in conjunction with the bearing capacity of the ground 7 and the site environment. For large irregular components 2 with uneven shape or mass, at least two sets of tooling units 1 are used to work together to effectively prevent the large irregular component 2 from deflecting or twisting. Before the operation, the center of gravity is simulated by computer software BIM and a precise mechanical analysis is performed, including center of gravity calculation, force analysis, overturning moment verification and dynamic balance control simulation, to ensure that the whole process is controlled and the overturning operation is carried out safely and reliably.

[0104] The tooling unit 1 for turning over in this invention has been structurally verified to have sufficient strength and rigidity. A soft protective layer 8 is provided between the tooling unit 1 and the large irregular component 2 to effectively protect the surface of the component. The tooling unit 1 for turning over completely covers the structure of the large irregular component, avoiding collision damage during the turning process. The installation position of the tooling unit 1 avoids the critical stress area of ​​the large irregular component 2 and ensures a smooth turning path, improving work safety and efficiency.

[0105] The position of the shackle lifting hole 3 of this invention is adjustable, and it has the function of automatically adapting and adjusting the unbalanced center of gravity, which effectively improves the stability and operational efficiency of the flipping operation.

[0106] In summary, this invention enables a smooth, safe, economical, low-load, non-destructive, and efficient turning operation of large irregularly shaped components 2 with trusses, making it suitable for widespread application.

[0107] It should be understood that although this specification describes one embodiment, it does not mean that the embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in this embodiment can also be appropriately arranged and combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A hoisting and turning clamp for large, irregularly shaped components with truss plates, characterized in that: The hoisting and turning fixture consists of at least two tooling units (1) with the same structure; each tooling unit (1) is a frame-type enclosed structure; the frame-type enclosed structure fits and wraps the large irregular component (2) with truss plate without damage; The tooling unit (1) consists of a left longitudinal component 1 (101), a top transverse component 2 (102), a right longitudinal component 3 (103), and a bottom transverse arc component 4 (104) that are fastened together from end to end. The bottom transverse arc component 4 (104) has an arc segment (1041) on one side of its bottom and a straight segment (1042) on the other side of its bottom. The straight segment (1042) and the arc segment (1041) are smoothly connected. The straight segment (1042) is used to horizontally support the large irregular component (2); the arc segment (1041) is used to roll and support the large irregular component (2) on the ground (7), thereby realizing the guide and flipping operation of the large irregular component (2) supported by the ground; The tooling unit (1) is provided with shackle lifting holes (3), which are respectively provided on the top horizontal component two (102) and the right longitudinal component three (103). The shackle lifting holes (3) are used to connect the wire rope (4) and the lifting device (5) is connected through the wire rope (4).

2. The hoisting and turning clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soft protective layer (8) is provided between the contact surface of the tooling unit (1) and the large irregular component (2); the soft protective layer (8) is a rubber pad or a textile.

3. The hoisting and turning clamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pad (9), which is placed on the ground (7) and is used to support the bottom of the straight section (1042) of the tooling unit (1); the pad (9) is provided with a buffer material, which is a rubber pad; the ground (7) is also provided with a steel plate, which is used to disperse the pressure borne by the ground (7).

4. The hoisting and turning clamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The central angle corresponding to the arc of the arc segment (1041) of the tooling unit (1) is ≥90°.

5. The hoisting and turning clamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tooling unit (1) is arranged within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component (2).

6. The hoisting and turning clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left longitudinal component 1 (101), top transverse component 2 (102), right longitudinal component 3 (103), and bottom transverse arc component 4 (104) are all sheet steel plate structures; the left longitudinal component 1 (101) has at least four bolt holes I (1011) at the center of its upper and lower ends, the top transverse component 2 (102) has four bolt holes II (1021) at the center of its left and right ends, the right longitudinal component 3 (103) has four bolt holes III (1031) at its upper and lower ends, and the bottom transverse arc component 4 (104) has at least four bolt holes III (1031) at the top of its left and right ends. Four bolt holes IV (1043) are respectively made; bolt holes I (1011), bolt holes II (1021), bolt holes III (1031), and bolt holes IV (1043) are used to connect the left longitudinal component I (101), the top transverse component II (102), the right longitudinal component III (103), and the bottom transverse arc component IV (104) into a whole in sequence using fasteners; the shackle lifting holes (3) of the top transverse component II (102) have two sets of left and right axis symmetrical; the shackle lifting holes (3) of the right longitudinal component III (103) are evenly distributed in multiple sets.

7. A method for turning over a large, irregularly shaped component with trusses, characterized in that: The turning method uses the lifting and turning clamp as described in any one of claims 1-6 to clamp the large irregular component and turn it over, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the tooling unit: Pre-erect the large irregular component (2) with truss plates on the jig support platform (6); use at least two sets of tooling units (1) to fit and clamp the large irregular component (2); finally, connect the at least two sets of tooling units (1) to the lifting device (5) with steel wire rope (4); Step 2, hoisting: The hoisting tool (5) lifts the large irregular component (2) through the wire rope (4) and tooling unit (1), and lifts the large irregular component (2) away from the support platform (6). Then, the large irregular component (2) is hoisted and transferred to the pad (9) on the ground (7), and the straight section (1042) of the tooling unit (1) is aligned with the ground pad (9) in preparation for falling. Step 3, Flipping: The lifting device (5) continues to lower the large irregular component (2) through the wire rope (4) and the tooling unit (1); after the large irregular component (2) continues to fall to the upper surface of the pad (9), the large irregular component (2) gradually tilts under its own weight; the gradually tilting large irregular component (2) rolls and rubs against the ground (7) through the arc segment (1041) of the tooling unit (1); in turn, the ground (7) bears most of the load of the large irregular component (2); under the action of gravity, the large irregular component (2) flips around the arc surface of the arc segment (1041) to complete the 90° flipping action of the large irregular component (2).

8. The method for turning over according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before step 1, there is also a center of gravity identification and positioning step: First, the center of gravity of the large irregular component (2) is confirmed by computer with the help of building information modeling (BIM) software to model and calculate the auxiliary parameters; second, the installation position of the positioning fixture unit (1) is marked within a range of 1m to 3m to the left and right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component (2).

9. The method for turning over according to claim 7, characterized in that: When using the tooling unit (1) to attach and clamp the large irregular component (2) on the jig support platform (6) in step 1, the following steps are included: Step S101: On the ground (7), connect the left longitudinal component 1 (101), the top transverse component 2 (102), and the right longitudinal component 3 (103) end to end with fasteners to form an inverted U-shaped frame structure with the opening facing down. Step S102: The inverted U-shaped frame structure with the opening facing down is erected within a range of 1m to 3m to the left or right of the center of gravity of the large irregular component (2). Finally, the bottom horizontal arc component four (104) is fastened to the bottom of the frame structure. The first tooling unit (1) is composed of the left longitudinal component one (101), the top horizontal component two (102), the right longitudinal component three (103), and the bottom horizontal arc component four (104). The first tooling unit (1) constitutes the first hoisting and turning support point of the large irregular component (2). Step S103: Repeat steps S101 and S102 to complete the assembly of the second tooling unit (1) on the large irregular component (2), and make the first tooling unit (1) and the second tooling unit (1) symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the center of gravity of the large irregular component (2).

10. The method for turning over according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the lifting device (5), the wire rope (4) and the large irregular component (2) form a triangular lifting structure, and the lifting angle of the wire rope (4) when lifting the large irregular component (2) is less than or equal to 60°. Before the lifting device (5) in step S2 officially lifts the large irregular component (2) through the wire rope (4) and tooling unit (1), a trial lift is first performed. During the trial lift, the lifting device (5) lifts the large irregular component (2) 200mm off the ground (7) through the wire rope (4) and tooling unit (1), and observes the overall stability after standing still for five minutes. If the large irregular component (2) remains horizontal and without tilting after standing still for five minutes, then the large irregular component (2) is ready to be officially lifted. Step S3 includes the following steps: S301, Initial descent: The lifting device (5) carrying the large irregular component (2) slowly descends until the large irregular component (2) is slowly lowered onto the upper surface of the pad (9) of the turning area, and ensures that the large irregular component (2) lands accurately on the pad (9); the lifting device (5) carrying the large irregular component (2) continues to descend slowly, using the weight of the large irregular component (2) to gradually tilt the large irregular component (2) and form a natural turning angle; S302, Natural Rotation: As the lifting device (5) continues to be lowered, the large irregular component (2) rotates around the support point of the arc segment (1041) of the tooling unit (1) under the action of gravity, and gradually completes the 90° direction conversion of the large irregular component (2); the operator closely observes the posture change of the large irregular component (2) within a safe distance to ensure that the rotation process of the large irregular component (2) is carried out smoothly and orderly. S303, Complete Flipping and Disassembly: After the large irregular component (2) is completely flipped into place, the connection between the wire rope (4) and the second horizontal component (102) on the top of the tooling unit (1) is removed, and the wire rope (4) is connected to the third vertical component (103) on the right side of the tooling unit (1); the lifting device (5) lifts the large irregular component (2) again through the wire rope (4) until the successfully flipped large irregular component (2) is placed stably on the temporary support structure, thus completing the flipping operation of the large irregular component (2).

Images