Transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, preparation method and application
By fabricating transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass and combining high-loss and low-loss phases, the problem of poor light transmittance of existing microwave absorbing materials has been solved, achieving effective electromagnetic wave absorption and stealth effect in transparent materials, thus improving the stealth performance of aircraft or ships.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510973578.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing radar-absorbing materials have poor light transmittance, which cannot meet the stealth protection requirements with light transmittance requirements, and are difficult to apply, especially in areas such as aircraft cockpits and ship cockpits.
Transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass is prepared by using a combination of K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, Fe2O3 or Co3O4 and Si, through precise mixing, melting, annealing and microcrystallization. The combination of high-loss and low-loss phases is achieved by utilizing the Zn1-xFexO or Zn1-xCoxO microcrystalline phase, thereby achieving the absorption and transmission of electromagnetic waves.
It achieves stealth capabilities in microwave radar and laser bands while maintaining transparency, improving the stealth capabilities of aircraft or ships in complex electromagnetic environments and enhancing protection against radar detection.
Smart Images
Figure CN120841846A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of stealth material preparation technology, specifically a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass. Background Technology
[0002] Stealth technology is a comprehensive technology that reduces the signal characteristics of a target across multiple frequency bands, including radar, infrared, visible light, and acoustic, making it difficult to detect, identify, and track. Its core lies in enhancing the survivability and penetration effectiveness of military equipment through optimized shape design, the application of special materials, and the use of active jamming methods. This reduces the probability of the equipment being detected, tracked, and identified by enemy sensors, thereby increasing the difficulty for the enemy to detect, track, and predict friendly targets, reducing the accuracy and completeness of information obtained by the enemy, decreasing the enemy's opportunities and capabilities for offense and defense, and increasing the probability of friendly mission completion and survivability.
[0003] Microwave-absorbing materials are a class of materials that attenuate electromagnetic waves by absorbing their energy and converting it into heat or other types of energy. By employing these materials, the propagation and diffusion of electromagnetic waves can be blocked through absorption and multiple reflections, limiting the energy of electromagnetic waves to a tolerable level and thus reducing their harmfulness. This is an important technical means for achieving electromagnetic protection and equipment stealth. Currently, materials with excellent electromagnetic loss properties are used in microwave-absorbing materials, mainly including carbon-based (carbon fiber, graphene, carbon nanotubes), iron-based (ferrite, ferromagnetic alloys), and ceramic-based (silicon carbide, silicon nitride) microwave-absorbing materials. However, it is worth noting that since the loss mechanism in the microwave band is usually concentrated in electronic conduction loss and magnetic loss, the above-mentioned materials are almost all based on conductive or magnetic materials. These conductive and magnetic materials have high absorption characteristics in the visible light band, making these microwave-absorbing materials opaque or semi-transparent, making them difficult to apply in applications where light transmittance is required. Therefore, optical windows are weak points for radar signal detection, such as aircraft cockpits and ship cockpits. Furthermore, with the increasing electromagnetic compatibility requirements of various emerging electronic devices and precision instruments, modern optoelectronic devices are becoming more integrated and transparent. The demand for electromagnetic protection in photoelectric detection, human-computer interaction and other systems is becoming increasingly urgent. Therefore, the demand for microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass with transparent characteristics is becoming more and more urgent. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problem that existing microwave absorbing materials have poor light transmittance and cannot meet the stealth protection requirements in situations with high light transmittance, this invention provides a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, its preparation method, and its application.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: This invention provides a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, comprising the following raw material components: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of Fe2O3 or 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of Co3O4 and 3wt% of Si; wherein, on a molar ratio, (K2O+CaO):(B2O3+SiO2):ZnO:Al2O3=(5-15):(35-45):50:(0-20).
[0006] Optionally, the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass contains Zn. 1-x Fe x O or Zn 1-x Co x O microcrystalline phase, x takes values from 0 to 0.7.
[0007] This invention also provides a method for preparing the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass as described above, comprising: The raw material components are mixed evenly in proportion to obtain mixed glass powder; The mixed glass powder is melted into molten glass; The molten glass is shaped and then annealed to obtain the base glass. By microcrystalline processing of the base glass, a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass is obtained.
[0008] Optionally, the method for uniformly mixing the raw material components in a specified proportion to obtain the mixed glass powder is as follows: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Si, and Co3O4 were mixed in a certain proportion, ground evenly with ethanol as a solvent, and then dried to obtain mixed glass powder.
[0009] Optionally, the melting temperature for melting the mixed glass powder into molten glass is 1300℃~1500℃.
[0010] Optionally, the melting process of the mixed glass powder into molten glass is as follows: The container for the mixed glass powder is heated from room temperature to 1000°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min. The mixed glass powder is then placed in the heated container and heated to 1300°C to 1500°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, so that the glass powder is completely melted into a liquid state, thus obtaining molten glass.
[0011] Optionally, the annealing temperature is 450℃~550℃.
[0012] Optionally, the temperature of the microcrystal treatment is 600℃~700℃.
[0013] The above-mentioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass or the above-mentioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass manufacturing method is applied to the manufacturing of optical windows for aircraft or ships.
[0014] The above-mentioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass or the above-mentioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass preparation method is applied in the preparation of optoelectronic devices.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, comprising the following raw material components: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of Fe2O3 or 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of Co3O4 and 3wt% of Si; wherein, on a molar ratio, (K2O+CaO):(B2O3+SiO2):ZnO:Al2O3=(5-15):(35-45):50:(0-20). This stealth glass uses B2O3 as the network former, which can lower the glass melting temperature and improve thermal stability. SiO2 serves as the main network framework, giving the glass high hardness and chemical stability. The molar ratio of the two can flexibly adjust the glass's refractive index and light transmittance to meet the transmission requirements of electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands. ZnO, as a network modifier, can adjust the glass's dielectric constant and coefficient of thermal expansion. Al2O3, as an intermediate oxide, can enhance the glass's mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance. The synergy of the two ensures that the glass maintains transparency while possessing sufficient structural stability. In addition, the semiconductor material ZnO has excellent optical, electrical, and thermal properties. At the same time, ZnO has a high carrier concentration, excellent electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant. When incident electromagnetic waves interact with free carriers in the material, they achieve strong attenuation of electromagnetic waves through polarization and conduction loss mechanisms. After being doped with transition metal Fe or Co ions, its carrier concentration can be further increased, and it also has a certain magnetic loss capability. The microcrystalline glass prepared using the above raw materials includes high-loss, high-conductivity absorbing Zn in its composition. 1-x Fe x O or Zn 1-x Co x The O-microcrystalline phase and the low-loss transparent K2O-CaO-B2O3-SiO2-ZnO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CoO glass phase exhibit high transmittance at 750 nm, and this microcrystalline glass also has good impedance matching characteristics between the material and void interface. Specifically, due to Zn... 1-x Fe x O and Zn 1-x Co xO-microcrystalline phase has high dielectric and magnetic losses, which is beneficial for the absorption of electromagnetic waves in the microwave band. In addition, Fe obtained by reducing Si powder in the glass matrix under high temperature conditions 2+ With Co 2+ It can absorb lidar light waves, thus giving the microcrystalline glass the ability to be transparent in visible light and to be stealthy in both microwave and lidar dual-band frequencies.
[0016] This invention also provides a method for preparing a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass as described above. This method involves mixing raw material components in a uniform proportion, melting them sequentially into a glass melt, forming, annealing, and microcrystallizing to obtain the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass. Specifically, by accurately weighing and uniformly mixing the raw material components in a specific proportion, the uniform distribution of each component in the glass matrix is ensured, avoiding performance fluctuations caused by localized component deviations. This step provides a stable chemical environment for subsequent melting and microcrystallization processes, contributing to consistent stealth performance. During melting, precise control of temperature and time ensures sufficient homogenization of the glass melt, while avoiding volatilization losses or phase separation caused by high temperatures. Annealing eliminates residual stress within the glass, improving mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance, ensuring the stability of the stealth glass in complex environments. Microcrystallization induces the formation of nanoscale microcrystalline phases within the glass, serving as microwave absorption centers or laser scattering centers, significantly enhancing stealth performance. The process is simple, and the preparation flow is compatible with existing glass production lines, making it suitable for large-scale production and promoting the development of stealth materials towards intelligence and multifunctionality.
[0017] The aforementioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass or its fabrication method can be applied to the fabrication of optical windows for aircraft or ships. Because the fabricated microcrystalline glass possesses both excellent light transmittance and simultaneous stealth capabilities in both microwave radar and laser bands, its use in aircraft or ship windows can effectively reduce the observability of aircraft or ships under radar and laser detection, achieving overall stealth against radar detection and further enhancing radar protection capabilities, making aircraft or ships more difficult to detect in complex electromagnetic environments.
[0018] The application of the aforementioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass or the aforementioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass preparation method in the preparation of optoelectronic devices enables the prepared optoelectronic devices to possess dual-band stealth capabilities, high transparency, good mechanical properties, and resistance to electromagnetic interference, making them more suitable for long-term stable operation in complex environments. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for preparing a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to the present invention.
[0020] Figure 2 The transmittance diagrams for the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass obtained in Examples 1-4 of the present invention are shown in the wavelength range of 200-2000nm.
[0021] Figure 3 The microwave absorption performance of the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass obtained in Examples 1-4 of the present invention is shown in the 8.2-12.4 GHz range. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the terms and expressions used in the specification and claims are explained and defined in general below. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art regarding the present invention, and in case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.
[0023] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether right or wrong, should not in any way limit the scope of the invention, that is, the contents of the invention can be implemented without being limited by any particular theory or mechanism.
[0024] In this document, all features defined by numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are for the sake of brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, descriptions of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered as covering and specifically disclosing all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values (including integers and fractions) within those ranges.
[0025] In this article, unless otherwise specified, “contains,” “includes,” “containing,” “has,” or similar terms cover the meanings of “composed of” and “mainly composed of,” for example, “A contains a” covers the meanings of “A contains a and others” and “A contains only a.”
[0026] For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment are described herein. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered within the scope of this specification.
[0027] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
[0028] The following examples use instruments and equipment conventional in the art. Experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. All raw materials used in the following examples are conventional commercially available products with specifications conventional in the art. In this specification and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" refers to weight percentage, "parts" refers to parts by weight, and "ratio" refers to weight proportion.
[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0030] This invention discloses a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, comprising the following raw material components: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, 0.1wt%–0.5wt% Fe2O3 or 0.1wt%–0.5wt% Co3O4 and 3wt% Si; wherein, on a molar ratio, (K2O+CaO):(B2O3+SiO2):ZnO:Al2O3 = (5–15):(35–45):50:(0–20). The transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass contains ZnO. 1-x Fe x O or Zn 1-x Co x The O microcrystalline phase, where x ranges from 0 to 0.7, is used in this stealth glass. B₂O₃ serves as the network formor, reducing the glass melting temperature and improving thermal stability. SiO₂ acts as the main network framework, imparting high hardness and chemical stability to the glass. The molar ratio of these two components allows for flexible adjustment of the glass's refractive index and light transmittance, adapting to the transmission requirements of different frequency electromagnetic waves. ZnO, as a network modifier, adjusts the glass's dielectric constant and coefficient of thermal expansion. Al₂O₃, as an intermediate oxide, enhances the glass's mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance. The synergy of these two components ensures that the glass maintains transparency while possessing sufficient structural stability. Furthermore, the semiconductor material ZnO exhibits excellent optical, electrical, and thermal properties. Simultaneously, ZnO possesses a high carrier concentration, excellent conductivity, and dielectric constant. When incident electromagnetic waves interact with free carriers in the material, they achieve strong attenuation through polarization and conduction loss mechanisms. Doping with transition metals Fe and Co further enhances its carrier concentration and provides a certain degree of magnetic loss capability. The microcrystalline glass prepared using the above raw materials includes high-loss, high-conductivity absorbing Zn in its composition. 1-x Fe x O or Zn 1-x Co xThe O-microcrystalline phase and the low-loss transparent K2O-CaO-B2O3-SiO2-ZnO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CoO glass phase exhibit high transmittance at 750 nm, and this microcrystalline glass also has good impedance matching characteristics between the material and void interface. Specifically, due to Zn... 1-x Fe x O or Zn 1-x Co x O-microcrystalline phase has high dielectric and magnetic losses, which is beneficial for the absorption of electromagnetic waves in the microwave band. In addition, Fe obtained by reducing Si powder in the glass matrix under high temperature conditions 2+ With Co 2+ It can absorb lidar light waves, thus giving the microcrystalline glass the ability to be transparent in visible light and to be stealthy in both microwave and lidar dual-band frequencies.
[0031] See Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, comprising: S1: Mix the raw material components evenly according to the specified proportions to obtain mixed glass powder, specifically as follows: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Si, and Co3O4 were mixed in a certain proportion and ground in an agate mortar with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110°C for 12 hours to obtain mixed glass powder.
[0032] S2: Melting the mixed glass powder into molten glass, specifically: Place the platinum crucible in a silicon carbide resistance furnace and raise the temperature from room temperature to 1000°C at a rate of 5°C / min. Add the mixed glass powder to the heated platinum crucible and raise the temperature to 1300–1500°C at a rate of 3°C / min. Stir the mixture with a platinum blade stirrer for 10 seconds every 10 minutes, and keep it at this temperature for 1–4 hours to completely melt the mixed glass powder into a liquid state, thus obtaining molten glass.
[0033] S3: The molten glass is shaped and annealed to obtain the base glass, specifically: The obtained molten glass is poured into a copper mold and cooled to form the glass. The formed glass is then annealed at 450℃~550℃ to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass.
[0034] S4: Microcrystallize the base glass to obtain transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, specifically: The base glass is placed at 600℃~700℃ for microcrystallization treatment for 1~10 hours to obtain transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass.
[0035] Example 1 K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 5:5:20:20:50:10, with a total raw material mass of 100g. An additional 0.1wt% Fe₂O₃ and 3wt% Si powder were added. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1400℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. Every 10 minutes, the mixture was stirred with a platinum blade stirrer for 10 seconds, and the mixture was held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass was poured onto a copper mold heated to 200°C and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold was placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The resulting molten glass was then poured into the copper mold and cooled to form the desired shape. The formed glass was annealed at 525°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass. The base glass was then heat-treated at 650°C for 4 hours to crystallize, yielding the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass. The sample was cut into pieces measuring 22.9 × 10.2 × 2 mm, and its electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption performance in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) were tested. Subsequently, the visible light transmittance and absorptivity at 1053 nm and 1550 nm were measured.
[0036] In this embodiment, the transmittance of the sample in the 200–2000 nm wavelength band and the microwave absorption performance in the 8.2–12.4 GHz band were tested. The results are shown in the appendix. Figure 2 and 3 As shown. In the range of 200–2000 nm, the sample in this example has an average transmittance of more than 80% in the visible light band, an absorption rate of 20% at 1053 nm, and a microwave absorption performance of -25 dB in the range of 8.2–12.4 GHz. This sample has excellent visible light transmittance and can well meet the absorption requirements of characteristic signals of microwave radar and lidar to achieve stealth.
[0037] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material composition ratio is different, and the transition metal oxide is replaced by Co3O4 instead of Fe2O3.
[0038] This embodiment provides a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass and its preparation method: K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 5:5:20:20:50:10, with a total raw material mass of 100g. An additional 0.1wt% Co₃O₄ and 3wt% Si powder were added. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide rod resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1400℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. The mixture was stirred for 10 seconds every 10 minutes using a platinum blade stirrer, and held at this temperature for 4 hours to allow the mixture to completely melt into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass was poured onto a copper mold heated to 200°C and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold was placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The resulting molten glass was then poured into the copper mold and cooled to form the desired shape. The formed glass was annealed at 525°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for zinc oxide microcrystalline glass. The base glass was then heat-treated at 650°C for 4 hours to crystallize, yielding the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass. The sample was cut into pieces measuring 22.9 × 10.2 × 2 mm, and its electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption performance in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) were tested. Subsequently, the visible light transmittance and absorptivity at 1053 nm and 1550 nm were measured.
[0039] In this embodiment, the transmittance of the sample in the 200–2000 nm wavelength band and the microwave absorption performance in the 8.2–12.4 GHz band were tested. The results are shown in the appendix. Figure 2 and 3 As shown. In the range of 200–2000 nm, the sample in this example has an average transmittance of more than 75% in the visible light band, an absorption rate of 25% at 1550 nm, and a microwave absorption performance of -22 dB in the range of 8.2–12.4 GHz. This sample has excellent visible light transmittance and can well meet the absorption requirements of characteristic signals of microwave radar and lidar to achieve stealth.
[0040] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Examples 1 and 2 is that Fe2O3, Co3O4, and Si powder were not added and no annealing and crystallization steps were performed. Therefore, the sample does not have microwave absorption and laser absorption capabilities.
[0041] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a transparent microwave-absorbing microcrystalline glass material: K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 5:5:20:20:50:10, with a total raw material mass of 100g. After uniform mixing, the raw materials were ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1400℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. Every 10 minutes, the mixture was stirred with a platinum blade stirrer for 10 seconds, and held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt the mixture into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass was poured onto a copper mold heated to 200℃ and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold was placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The molten glass obtained above was poured into a copper mold and cooled to form the glass. The formed glass was then annealed at 525°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for the microcrystalline glass. Waveguide samples of 22.9×10.2×2mm were cut according to the X-band 8.2–12.4GHz testing standards. The electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption performance of the microcrystalline glass were tested. The transmittance of the samples from 200 to 2000 nm was then tested to obtain the visible light transmittance and the absorptivity at 1053 nm and 1550 nm.
[0042] In this embodiment, the transmittance of the sample in the 200–2000 nm wavelength band and the microwave absorption performance in the 8.2–12.4 GHz band were tested. The results are shown in the appendix. Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in the range of 200–2000 nm, the sample in this example has an average transmittance of more than 80% in the visible light band, no absorption at 1053 nm and 1550 nm, and no microwave radar characteristic signal absorption performance in the range of 8.2–12.4 GHz.
[0043] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that Fe2O3, Co3O4, and Si powder were not added, and the samples were annealed and crystallized at different temperatures. The samples have microwave absorption capabilities but do not have laser absorption capabilities.
[0044] K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 5:5:20:20:50:10, with a total raw material mass of 100g. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1400℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. Every 10 minutes, the mixture was stirred with a platinum blade stirrer for 10 seconds, and held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt the mixture into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass was poured onto a copper mold heated to 200℃ and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold was placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The obtained molten glass was poured into a copper mold and cooled to form the glass. The formed glass was annealed at 525℃ to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for zinc oxide microcrystalline glass. The obtained base glass was heat-treated at 630℃~650℃ for 4 hours to crystallize, thus obtaining the transparent microwave radar stealth material. Waveguide samples of 22.9×10.2×2mm were cut according to the X-band 8.2-12.4GHz testing standard requirements. The electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption performance of the microcrystalline glass were tested. Then, the transmittance of the sample from 200-2000nm was tested to obtain the visible light transmittance and the absorptivity at 1053nm and 1550nm.
[0045] In this embodiment, the transmittance of the sample in the 200–2000 nm wavelength band and the microwave absorption performance in the 8.2–12.4 GHz band were tested. The results are shown in the appendix. Figure 2 and 3 As shown. In the range of 200–2000 nm, the average transmittance of this sample in the visible light band is greater than 80%, with no absorption at 1550 nm and 1053 nm, and a microwave absorption performance of -19 dB in the range of 8.2–12.4 GHz. This sample has excellent visible light transmittance and microwave radar characteristic signal absorption performance, but does not have lidar characteristic signal absorption performance.
[0046] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material composition ratio is different, and the transition metal oxide is replaced by Co3O4 instead of Fe2O3.
[0047] This embodiment provides a method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass: K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 5:10:15:20:50:10, with a total raw material mass of 100g. An additional 0.5wt% Co₃O₄ and 3wt% Si powder were added. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide rod resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1450℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. The mixture was stirred for 10 seconds every 10 minutes using a platinum blade stirrer, and held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt the mixture into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass is poured onto a copper mold heated to 200°C and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold is placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The resulting molten glass is then poured into the copper mold to cool and solidify. The solidified glass is then annealed at 550°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for zinc oxide microcrystalline glass. The base glass is then heat-treated at 700°C for 4 hours to crystallize, yielding the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass.
[0048] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material composition ratio is different.
[0049] This embodiment provides a method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass: K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 2.5:2.5:25:20:50:5, with a total raw material mass of 100g. An additional 0.3wt% Fe₂O₃ and 3wt% Si powder were added. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide rod resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1500℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. Every 10 minutes, the mixture was stirred for 10 seconds using a platinum blade stirrer, and the mixture was held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass is poured onto a copper mold heated to 200°C and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold is placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The resulting molten glass is then poured into the copper mold and cooled to form the desired shape. The formed glass is then annealed at 450°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for zinc oxide microcrystalline glass. The base glass is then heat-treated at 650°C for 4 hours to crystallize, yielding the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass.
[0050] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass: K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 5:2.5:22:22:50:8, with a total raw material mass of 100g. An additional 0.4wt% Fe₂O₃ and 3wt% Si powder were added. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide rod resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1300℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. Every 10 minutes, the mixture was stirred for 10 seconds using a platinum blade stirrer, and the mixture was held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt it into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass is poured onto a copper mold heated to 200°C and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold is placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The resulting molten glass is then poured into the copper mold and cooled to form the desired shape. The formed glass is then annealed at 450°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for zinc oxide microcrystalline glass. The base glass is then heat-treated at 650°C for 4 hours to crystallize, yielding the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass.
[0051] Example 6 This embodiment provides a method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass: K₂O, CaO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, ZnO, and Al₂O₃ were mixed in a molar ratio of 7:8:20:22:50:15, with a total raw material mass of 100g. An additional 0.4wt% Fe₂O₃ and 3wt% Si powder were added. After uniform mixing, the mixture was ground using an agate mortar and pestle with anhydrous ethanol as the grinding solvent. After thorough grinding, the mixture was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 12 hours to obtain a mixed glass powder. A platinum crucible was placed in a silicon carbide rod resistance furnace, and the temperature was increased from room temperature to 1000℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The mixed glass powder was added to the heated platinum crucible, and the temperature was further increased to 1300℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. Every 10 minutes, the mixture was stirred for 10 seconds using a platinum blade stirrer, and the mixture was held at this temperature for 4 hours to completely melt into a liquid state. Finally, the molten glass is poured onto a copper mold heated to 200°C and allowed to cool naturally. A copper plate at the same temperature as the mold is placed on the glass surface to accelerate the cooling process. The resulting molten glass is then poured into the copper mold and cooled to form the desired shape. The formed glass is then annealed at 500°C to relieve stress, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the base glass for zinc oxide microcrystalline glass. The base glass is then heat-treated at 600°C for 4 hours to crystallize, yielding the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass.
[0052] This method is simple and the preparation process is compatible with existing glass production lines, making it suitable for large-scale production and promoting the development of stealth materials towards intelligence and multi-functionality.
[0053] The aforementioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass or its fabrication method can be applied to the fabrication of optical windows for aircraft or ships. Because the fabricated microcrystalline glass possesses both excellent light transmittance and simultaneous stealth capabilities in both microwave radar and laser bands, its use in aircraft or ship windows can effectively reduce the observability of aircraft or ships under radar and laser detection, achieving overall stealth against radar detection and further enhancing radar protection capabilities, making aircraft or ships more difficult to detect in complex electromagnetic environments.
[0054] The application of the aforementioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass or the aforementioned transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass preparation method in the preparation of optoelectronic devices enables the prepared optoelectronic devices to possess dual-band stealth capabilities, high transparency, good mechanical properties, and resistance to electromagnetic interference, making them more suitable for long-term stable operation in complex environments.
[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, the technical solution can be modified and replaced in several simple ways, and these modifications and replacements are all within the scope of protection covered by the claims.
Claims
1. A transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass, characterized in that, It includes the following raw material components: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, 0.1wt%~0.5wt% Fe2O3 or 0.1wt%~0.5wt% Co3O4 and 3wt% Si; wherein, based on the molar ratio, (K2O+CaO):(B2O3+SiO2):ZnO:Al2O3=(5~15):(35~45):50:(0~20).
2. The transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass contains Zn. 1-x Fe x O or Zn 1-x Co x O microcrystalline phase, x takes values from 0 to 0.
7.
3. A method for preparing a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, include: The raw material components are mixed evenly in proportion to obtain mixed glass powder; The mixed glass powder is melted into molten glass; The molten glass is shaped and then annealed to obtain the base glass. By microcrystalline processing of the base glass, a transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass is obtained.
4. The method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for uniformly mixing the raw material components in a specified proportion to obtain the mixed glass powder is as follows: K2O, CaO, B2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Si, and Co3O4 were mixed in a certain proportion, ground evenly with ethanol as a solvent, and then dried to obtain mixed glass powder.
5. The method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The melting temperature for melting the mixed glass powder into molten glass is 1300℃~1500℃.
6. The method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 5, characterized in that, The melting process of the mixed glass powder into molten glass is as follows: The container for the mixed glass powder is heated from room temperature to 1000°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min. The mixed glass powder is then placed in the heated container and heated to 1300°C to 1500°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, so that the glass powder is completely melted into a liquid state, thus obtaining molten glass.
7. The method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The annealing temperature is 450℃~550℃.
8. The method for preparing transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature for the microcrystal treatment is 600℃~700℃.
9. The application of the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 1 or 2, or the method for preparing the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to any one of claims 3-8, in the preparation of optical windows for aircraft or ships.
10. The application of the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to claim 1 or 2, or the method for preparing the transparent microwave radar-laser dual-band stealth glass according to any one of claims 3-8, in the preparation of optoelectronic devices.