Coating and electrical equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention belongs to the field of coatings, and relates to a coating and electrical equipment. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a solution containing titanium dioxide PTS-TiO2 and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) solution and a curing agent to obtain a precursor solution; loading the precursor liquid on a substrate, and curing to obtain a coating; by mixing the inorganic compounds with different granularities and mixing the inorganic compounds and the organic compounds, the obtained coating has higher mechanical properties, can prevent biological growth, and is high in icing resistance and high in surface wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coatings, specifically a coating and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] Line icing poses a significant safety hazard to power systems. Icing can damage power equipment such as conductors, towers, and insulators, thus affecting the normal operation of the power system. Simultaneously, electronic equipment faces challenges such as bio-erosion and insufficient abrasion resistance. Bio-erosion and insufficient abrasion resistance not only damage the surface structure of equipment and affect its performance but can also lead to equipment failure and substantial economic losses.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop multifunctional coatings with wear resistance, biological resistance, and anti-icing properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a coating and an electrical device. In this embodiment, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is introduced into PTS-TiO2, providing inorganic compounds with different particle size structures. Through the mixing of inorganic and organic compounds, the resulting coating possesses high mechanical properties, resistance to biological growth, high anti-icing performance, and high surface wear resistance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions: A first aspect of the present invention provides a coating comprising: The solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN was mixed evenly with PDMS solution and curing agent to obtain precursor liquid; The precursor liquid is loaded onto the substrate and cured to obtain a coating.

[0006] A second aspect of the present invention provides a coating prepared by the method described above.

[0007] In a third aspect of the present invention, an electrical device is provided, wherein the surface of the outer insulation layer of the electrical device is coated with the above-mentioned coating.

[0008] In summary, this invention provides a precursor liquid obtained by mixing a solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN, a PDMS solution, and a curing agent. This precursor liquid is then loaded (i.e., sprayed) onto a substrate, resulting in a coating after curing. Both TiO2 and h-BN are inorganic compounds; PTS-TiO2 possesses good stability, weather resistance, and heat resistance, with a particle size at the nanometer level; h-BN exhibits extremely high electrical insulation, thermal conductivity, and chemical stability, with a sheet diameter at the micrometer level. The solution obtained by mixing these two compounds (referred to as the mixed solution) possesses the characteristics of both PTS-TiO2 and h-BN. PDMS solution is an organic compound with good heat resistance, cold resistance, low viscosity change with temperature, water resistance, and low surface tension. Thus, the mixture of the mixed solution, PDMS solution, and curing agent forms the precursor liquid, achieving a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds while possessing the characteristics of both the mixed solution and the PDMS solution. Because PTS-TiO2 and h-BN have different particle sizes, during the spraying of the precursor liquid onto the substrate, PTS-TiO2 and h-BN will insert into the crystal structure of the PDMS solution in different structural ways, resulting in better adhesion to the substrate and effectively improving the mechanical properties of the coating, thus leading to high mechanical properties in the subsequently formed coating. Furthermore, the precursor liquid possesses the characteristics of a mixed solution and a PDMS solution; therefore, after being loaded onto the substrate and forming a coating, the coating also exhibits the characteristics of a mixed solution and a PDMS solution, resulting in high water resistance, stability, and cold resistance. Thus, the coating provided in this embodiment of the invention possesses high mechanical properties, resistance to biological growth, high anti-icing performance, and high surface wear resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0009] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0010] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of skill in the art. The reagents or raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention are readily available through conventional means. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention are used in accordance with conventional methods in the art or according to the product instructions. Similarly, unless otherwise specified, the test methods in the embodiments of this invention are performed in accordance with conventional methods in the art or industry-standard methods or criteria. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the methods in the embodiments of this invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0011] Terminology Explanation: PTS stands for 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane.

[0012] This invention provides a coating comprising: The solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN was mixed evenly with PDMS solution and curing agent to obtain precursor liquid; The precursor liquid is loaded onto the substrate and cured to obtain a coating.

[0013] The study of embodiments of the present invention found that when the volume fraction of the filler phase is 35%, no cracking occurs after the coating is dried, and the average contact angle of the coating is the largest, indicating the best superhydrophobic performance. Therefore, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of PDMS, PTS-TiO2 and h-BN is 0.67:xT:xB; where xTg and xB are calculated by formula (1): (1); in, The density of h-BN, The density of TiO2, The volume ratio of h-BN to PTS-TiO2 in the prepared sample (here, volume refers to solid volume).

[0014] Solvents can affect the dispersion of nanoparticles. Therefore, the types of solvents used in this invention have been studied. In some embodiments, the solvent containing PTS-TiO2, h-BN, and PDMS solutions is tetrahydrofuran, so that PTS-TiO2, h-BN, and PDMS are better dispersed in the solution.

[0015] The ratio of PDMS to solvent affects its curing process, mechanical properties and the quality of the final product. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention have studied the ratio of PDMS to solvent. In some embodiments, the ratio of PDMS to solvent is 0.67 g: 30-40 ml.

[0016] In some embodiments, the preparation method of PTS-TiO2 involves mixing an ethanol solution of PTS with an ethanol solution of TiO2 and reacting them, while simultaneously adding water. After the reaction is completed, the solid and liquid are separated, washed, and dried to obtain PTS-TiO2; wherein the mass ratio of PTS to TiO2 is 1:3-5.

[0017] The ratio of PDMS to curing agent directly affects the structure and performance of the cured product. Therefore, this invention studies the ratio of PDMS to curing agent. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of curing agent to PDMS is 1-1.5:10 to obtain better coating performance.

[0018] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned loading method is spraying. Spraying is a method of coating by atomizing paint with a spray gun and spraying it onto the surface of the object to be coated. The advantages of spraying are high coating efficiency, the ability to quickly cover large areas of the object, and significantly improved coating efficiency. Spraying further improves production efficiency and shortens the production cycle through a simplified process and rapid curing.

[0019] To improve the spraying effect, the embodiments of the present invention have studied the spraying conditions. In some embodiments, the specific spraying conditions are: the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is 15-25 cm, and the included angle is 80-100 degrees. The spraying pressure is 0.35 to 0.45 MPa to ensure that the coating is more evenly applied to the substrate surface.

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and comparative examples. It should be noted that the specific embodiments below are explanations of the embodiments of the present invention and not limitations.

[0021] In the following examples, the preparation method of PTS-TiO2 is as follows: Two clean beakers were filled with ethanol, one containing PTS and the other containing TiO2. The mass ratio of PTS to TiO2 was 1:3, the ratio of PTS to ethanol was 1 g: 50 ml, and the ratio of TiO2 to ethanol was 3 g: 50 ml. The two beakers were stirred on a magnetic stirrer (600 r / min, 10 min). The beaker containing TiO2 was then dispersed in an ultrasonic cleaner (600 kW, 30 min). The solution / dispersion from both beakers was mixed and placed in a water bath and stirred (60℃, 600 r / min, 3 h). Simultaneously, deionized water was slowly added dropwise at a ratio of 1 ml: 20 ml of deionized water to ethanol at a rate of 1 ml / min. The modified PTS-TiO2 was then collected by centrifugation (8000 r / min, 30 min). Wash the collected PTS-TiO2 with deionized water until the supernatant is neutral. Cover with a sealing film and dry in a vacuum oven (120℃, 3h). Grind the dried and agglomerated PTS-TiO2 to complete the TiO2 modification.

[0022] In the following examples and comparative examples, the curing agent was the same as the one that was purchased to be used with PDMS.

[0023] In the following examples and comparative examples, the ice adhesion force was tested by injecting 1 ml of deionized water into a cuvette, inverting the cuvette onto the coating surface, placing it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber, setting the temperature to -20°C, and the time to 2 h. Subsequently, a thrust gauge was used to push the cuvette into the contact area with the sample, and the thrust count value was read when displacement occurred.

[0024] The bio-control experiment compared the moss growth on the tilted sample surface (temperature 20 degrees Celsius, humidity 75%) before and after the spray coating was applied.

[0025] Example 1 (1) Dissolve 0.67g of PDMS in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and stir on a magnetic stirrer for ten minutes to obtain a PDMS solution; (2) A certain amount of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN (the amount is shown in Table 1) were added to tetrahydrofuran (THF), stirred on a magnetic stirrer for ten minutes, and then dispersed in an ultrasonic cleaner (power 600 kW, time 30 min) to obtain a solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN. (3) Mix the PDMS solution and the solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN (where the total volume of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN accounts for 35%) together, add the curing agent (the ratio of curing agent to PDMS is 1 g : 10 g), place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir (600 r / min, 10 min) to obtain the coating precursor liquid.

[0026] (4) Pour the pre-body fluid into the spray gun reservoir for spraying. When spraying, adjust the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate to 20 cm and the included angle to 90 degrees. The spraying pressure was 0.40 MPa. After spraying, the sample was placed in a vacuum oven for curing (temperature 80°C). (Time: 3 hours). Subsequently, a TiO2@BN / PDMS (binary) coating sample with a thickness of 35 micrometers was obtained.

[0027] Test results show that the ice adhesion force is 0.49 N / cm. 2 No moss growth was observed on the coating surface.

[0028] Example 2 (1) Dissolve 0.67g of PDMS in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and stir on a magnetic stirrer for ten minutes to obtain a PDMS solution; (2) A certain amount of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN (the amount is shown in Table 1) were added to tetrahydrofuran (THF), stirred on a magnetic stirrer for ten minutes, and then dispersed in an ultrasonic cleaner (power 600 kW, time 30 min) to obtain a solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN. (3) Mix the PDMS solution and the solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN (where the total volume of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN accounts for 35%) together, add the curing agent (the ratio of curing agent to PDMS is 1 g : 10 g), place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir (600 r / min, 10 min) to obtain the coating precursor liquid.

[0029] (4) Pour the precursor fluid into the spray gun reservoir for spraying. When spraying, adjust the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate to 15 cm and the included angle to 80 degrees. The spraying pressure was 0.35 MPa. After spraying, the sample was placed in a vacuum oven for curing (temperature 80°C). (Time: 3 hours). Subsequently, a TiO2@BN / PDMS (binary) coating sample with a thickness of 35 micrometers was obtained.

[0030] Test results show that the ice adhesion force is 0.37 N / cm. 2 No moss growth was observed on the coating surface.

[0031] Example 3 (1) Dissolve 0.67g of PDMS in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and stir on a magnetic stirrer for ten minutes to obtain a PDMS solution; (2) A certain amount of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN (the amount is shown in Table 1) were added to tetrahydrofuran (THF), stirred on a magnetic stirrer for ten minutes, and then dispersed in an ultrasonic cleaner (power 600 kW, time 30 min) to obtain a solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN. (3) Mix the PDMS solution and the solution containing PTS-TiO2 and h-BN (where the total volume of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN accounts for 35%) together, add the curing agent (the ratio of curing agent to PDMS is 1 g : 10 g), place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir (600 r / min, 10 min) to obtain the coating precursor liquid.

[0032] (4) Pour the precursor fluid into the spray gun reservoir for spraying. When spraying, adjust the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate to 25 cm and the included angle to 100 degrees. The spraying pressure was 0.45-0.40 MPa. After spraying, the sample was placed in a vacuum oven for curing (temperature 80°C). (Time: 3 hours). Subsequently, a TiO2@BN / PDMS (binary) coating sample with a thickness of 35 micrometers was obtained.

[0033] Test results show that the ice adhesion force is 0.26 N / cm. 2No moss growth was observed on the coating surface.

[0034] Table 1. Amounts of TiO2 and h-BN used in Examples 1-3

[0035] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that TiO2 is used instead of PTS-TiO2.

[0036] Without modification, TiO2 has poor interfacial bonding with polymers, the coating does not have superhydrophobic properties, and its anti-icing performance is significantly worse than that of coatings prepared using modified PTS-TiO2.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that PTS-TiO2 is replaced with PTS-SiO2.

[0038] The two coatings have similar ice adhesion values, but PTS-SiO2 does not have photo-induced bio-resistant properties.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (2), only PTS-TiO2 (in an amount of xTg+) is added. xB).

[0040] When PTS-TiO2 is added alone, the coating has superhydrophobic and anti-biological properties, but its stability is poor and it is difficult to reuse.

[0041] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (2), only h-BN (in an amount of xTg+) is added. xB).

[0042] When only h-BN is added, it does not possess superhydrophobic and anti-biological properties.

[0043] As can be seen from the effects of the above comparative examples and embodiments, the coating provided by the embodiments of the present invention has high mechanical properties, can prevent biological growth, has high anti-icing performance, and high surface wear resistance.

[0044] Both TiO2 and h-BN are inorganic compounds. PTS-TiO2 possesses good stability, weather resistance, and heat resistance, with a particle size at the nanometer level. h-BN exhibits extremely high electrical insulation, thermal conductivity, and chemical stability, with a sheet diameter at the micrometer level. The solution obtained by mixing the two (referred to as the mixed solution) possesses the characteristics of both PTS-TiO2 and h-BN. PDMS solution is an organic compound with good heat resistance, cold resistance, low viscosity change with temperature, water resistance, and low surface tension. Thus, the mixed solution, PDMS solution, and curing agent are mixed to form a precursor liquid, achieving a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds while possessing the characteristics of both the mixed solution and the PDMS solution. Due to the different particle sizes of PTS-TiO2 and h-BN, during the spraying of the precursor liquid onto the substrate, PTS-TiO2 and h-BN will insert into the crystal structure of the PDMS solution in different structural ways, resulting in better adhesion to the substrate and effectively improving the mechanical properties of the coating, i.e., the subsequent coating has high mechanical properties. Furthermore, the precursor fluid possesses the characteristics of a mixed solution and a PDMS solution. Therefore, after it is loaded onto the substrate and forms a coating, the coating also possesses the characteristics of a mixed solution and a PDMS solution, namely, high water resistance, stability, and cold resistance. Thus, the coating provided by the embodiments of the present invention has high mechanical properties, can prevent biological growth, has high anti-icing performance, and high surface abrasion resistance.

[0045] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a coating prepared using the above-described example.

[0046] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical device having an outer insulation layer surface coated with the coating prepared in the above example.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coating, characterized in that, include: A solution containing PTS-TiO2 and hexagonal boron nitride h-BN was mixed evenly with a polydimethylsiloxane PDMS solution and a curing agent to obtain a precursor liquid. The precursor liquid is loaded onto the substrate and cured to obtain a coating.

2. The coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of PDMS, PTS-TiO2, and h-BN is 0.67:xT:xB; where xTg and xB are calculated by formula (1): （1）； in, The density of h-BN, The density of TiO2, The volume ratio of h-BN to PTS-TiO2 in the prepared sample is given.

3. The coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent for the PTS-TiO2 and h-BN solutions and the PDMS solution is tetrahydrofuran.

4. The coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of PDMS to solvent is 0.67 g : 30-40 ml.

5. The coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of PTS-TiO2 is as follows: an ethanol solution of PTS and an ethanol solution of TiO2 are mixed and reacted. At the same time, water is added. After the reaction is completed, the solid and liquid are separated, washed, and dried to obtain PTS-TiO2. The mass ratio of PTS to TiO2 is 1:3-5.

6. The coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the curing agent to PDMS is 1-1.5:

10.

7. The coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading method is spraying.

8. The coating as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The specific conditions for spraying are as follows: the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate is 15-25 cm, and the included angle is 80-100 degrees. The spraying pressure is 0.35–0.45 MPa.

9. The coating prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that, The surface of the outer insulation layer of the electrical equipment is coated with the coating described in claim 9.

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