Fan-shaped deep hole distribution method for mining blasting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining processes, in particular to a fan-shaped deep hole distribution method for mining blasting, and solves the problems that in order to avoid the hole crossing phenomenon during construction of adjacent fan-shaped holes, the mining cost is increased due to the increase of the cross section of an ore receiving roadway or the reduction of the number of the fan-shaped holes in a single row which is commonly adopted at present, and the construction cost is increased due to the increase of the cross section of the ore receiving roadway. The method comprises the following steps that S1, an ore removal roadway and an ore receiving roadway are constructed in a mining area in the ore body trend, and drilling chambers are constructed in the ore removal roadway and the ore receiving roadway through a high-pressure annular down-the-hole drill correspondingly, and then a high-pressure annular down-the-hole drill is used for conducting construction operation on the multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes and the multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes in the rock drilling chamber. According to the method, a single-row fan-shaped hole is decomposed into a multi-row hole arrangement mode, under the condition that the cost is kept unchanged, the problem that normal hole punching cannot be achieved due to the fact that the hole distance is too small in the fan-shaped hole design process is solved, and the blasting recovery rate of the fan-shaped holes is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, specifically to a method for arranging fan-shaped deep holes for mining blasting. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, sector-hole blasting is used to varying degrees in underground mining methods. During the design of sector-hole blasting, it is often encountered that as the number of holes in a single row increases, the distance between the hole openings decreases. Coupled with construction deviations, this can easily lead to cross-hole phenomena when constructing adjacent sector-holes, making normal blasting operations impossible.

[0003] To avoid cross-hole phenomena during the construction of adjacent fan-shaped holes, the current common practice is to increase the cross-section of the receiving roadway or reduce the number of fan-shaped holes in a single row. However, increasing the cross-section of the receiving roadway will increase mining costs, and reducing the number of fan-shaped holes will increase the loss of ore and reduce the recovery rate. Therefore, this does not meet the current needs. In response, we propose a fan-shaped deep hole layout method for mining blasting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for laying out deep fan-shaped holes for mining blasting, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Currently, in order to avoid cross-hole phenomenon when constructing adjacent fan-shaped holes, the common practice is to increase the cross-section of the receiving roadway or reduce the number of fan-shaped holes in a single row. However, increasing the cross-section of the receiving roadway will lead to increased mining costs, and reducing the number of fan-shaped holes will increase the loss of ore and reduce the recovery rate.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Construction of ore-exit roadways and ore-receiving roadways along the ore body strike within the mining area, and construction of rock-drilling chambers in both ore-exit roadways and ore-receiving roadways using high-pressure annular down-the-hole drills. Then, construction operations are carried out in the rock-drilling chambers using high-pressure annular down-the-hole drills to create multiple downward and upward fan-shaped deep holes.

[0007] S2: Multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes are divided into two rows, namely row A and row B. The upward fan-shaped deep holes located in odd-numbered positions are all distributed on row A, and the upward fan-shaped deep holes located in even-numbered positions are all distributed on row B.

[0008] S3: Heavy ammonium nitrate explosive is used to charge the upward fan-shaped deep holes, and then a detonating bomb is used to detonate the explosive at the bottom of the upward fan-shaped deep holes. During the blasting, the multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes located in the two rows are equivalent to a single row arrangement, and the charging and detonation sequence is designed according to the single row of fan-shaped holes.

[0009] S4: Multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes are divided into three rows, namely row C, row D and row E. Most of the downward fan-shaped deep holes are arranged on row C. The adjacent downward fan-shaped deep holes on row C, row D and row E are arranged alternately, and the remaining downward fan-shaped deep holes on row E and not adjacent to row C and row D are arranged linearly.

[0010] S5: The downward fan-shaped deep holes are loaded with heavy ammonium nitrate explosives. After the bottom of the downward fan-shaped deep holes is blocked with a spherical plug, the detonation operation is carried out through the detonation network. During the blasting, the downward fan-shaped deep holes located on row A are detonated first, and then the downward fan-shaped deep holes located on rows B and C are detonated alternately.

[0011] Preferably, the ore outlet roadway and the ore receiving roadway are arranged in parallel, and the plurality of downward fan-shaped deep holes and upward fan-shaped deep holes are located in the ore outlet roadway and the ore receiving roadway, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the diameter of the upward fan-shaped deep hole is 76mm, and the distance between any two adjacent upward fan-shaped deep holes from the receiving roadway is 1.9-2.5m.

[0013] Preferably, rows A and B are arranged in parallel, with a distance of 0.3m between them, and each pair of adjacent upward fan-shaped deep holes are arranged alternately on rows A and B.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the rock drilling chamber is 19m, the diameter of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 89mm, the bottom distance of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 2.2m-3.0m, and the minimum hole opening distance of the plurality of downward fan-shaped deep holes is 9mm.

[0015] Preferably, rows C, D, and E are arranged in parallel, with row D located between rows C and E. The distance between row D and rows C and E is 0.3m. The number of downward fan-shaped deep holes on row E is greater than the sum of the number of downward fan-shaped deep holes on rows C and D.

[0016] Preferably, the high-pressure annular down-the-hole drill is model KQG100.

[0017] Preferably, the heavy ammonium nitrate explosive is loaded using a BQF-100II loading device, the explosive density of the blasting line of the upward fan-shaped deep hole is 5 kg / m, the explosive amount of the upward fan-shaped deep holes of row A and row B is 1.7t, and the explosive consumption is 0.4 kg / t.

[0018] Preferably, the explosive charge density of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 6.35 kg / m, the explosive charge of the downward fan-shaped deep holes in rows C, D and E is 2.3t, and the explosive consumption is 0.35 kg / t.

[0019] Preferably, the detonation network of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is a hybrid network of detonating cord-millisecond delay detonating cord detonator, and the blasting height of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 45m.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This invention decomposes the existing single-row fan-shaped holes into two to three rows of holes, with the spacing between each row remaining consistent. When using two rows of holes, all fan-shaped holes can be staggered and evenly arranged on a single row. When using three rows of holes, the increased number of rows results in an excessively large size for the three rows. If an even distribution is used, the resistance line of the third row will be too large. In this case, more fan-shaped holes need to be arranged in the third row. During blasting, the multiple rows are equivalent to a row of blast holes for loading and detonation, effectively reducing the rate of large fragments after blasting and greatly improving the recovery rate while ensuring cost. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the sector-shaped deep holes in the prior art of this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional distribution of the fan-shaped deep holes in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar distribution of the fan-shaped deep holes in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional distribution of the fan-shaped deep holes in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar distribution of the fan-shaped deep holes in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall construction process of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides an embodiment of a method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1: Construction of ore-exit roadways and ore-receiving roadways along the ore body strike within the mining area, and construction of rock-drilling chambers in both ore-exit roadways and ore-receiving roadways using high-pressure annular down-the-hole drills. Then, construction operations are carried out in the rock-drilling chambers using high-pressure annular down-the-hole drills to create multiple downward and upward fan-shaped deep holes.

[0031] S2: Multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes are divided into two rows, namely row A and row B. The upward fan-shaped deep holes located in odd-numbered positions are all distributed on row A, and the upward fan-shaped deep holes located in even-numbered positions are all distributed on row B.

[0032] S3: Heavy ammonium nitrate explosive is used to charge the upward fan-shaped deep holes, and then a detonating bomb is used to detonate the explosive at the bottom of the upward fan-shaped deep holes. During the blasting, the multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes located in the two rows are equivalent to a single row arrangement, and the charging and detonation sequence is designed according to the single row of fan-shaped holes.

[0033] S4: Multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes are divided into three rows, namely row C, row D and row E. Most of the downward fan-shaped deep holes are arranged on row C. The adjacent downward fan-shaped deep holes on row C, row D and row E are arranged alternately, and the remaining downward fan-shaped deep holes on row E and not adjacent to row C and row D are arranged linearly.

[0034] S5: The downward fan-shaped deep holes are loaded with heavy ammonium nitrate explosives. After the bottom of the downward fan-shaped deep holes is blocked with a spherical plug, the detonation operation is carried out through the detonation network. During the blasting, the downward fan-shaped deep holes located on row A are detonated first, and then the downward fan-shaped deep holes located on rows B and C are detonated alternately.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The ore extraction roadway and the ore receiving roadway are set in parallel. Multiple downward and upward fan-shaped deep holes are located in the ore extraction roadway and the ore receiving roadway, respectively. The width of the rock drilling chamber is 19m. The model of the high-pressure annular down-the-hole drill is KQG100. Heavy ammonium nitrate explosive is loaded through the BQF-100II charging device. The high-pressure annular down-the-hole drill can efficiently construct downward and upward fan-shaped deep holes.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diameter of the upward fan-shaped deep holes is 76mm. The distance between each two adjacent upward fan-shaped deep holes from the receiving roadway is 1.9-2.5m. Rows A and B are set in parallel, with a distance of 0.3m between them. Each pair of adjacent upward fan-shaped deep holes is arranged alternately on rows A and B. The explosive charge density of the upward fan-shaped deep holes is 5kg / m. The explosive charge of the upward fan-shaped deep holes in rows A and B is 1.7t, and the explosive consumption is 0.4kg / t. Rows A and B can be regarded as a single row of holes during blasting.

[0037] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5The diameter of the downward fan-shaped deep holes is 89mm, the bottom distance of the downward fan-shaped deep holes is 2.2m-3.0m, and the minimum aperture distance of multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes is 9mm. Rows C, D, and E are arranged in parallel, with row D located between rows C and E. The distance between row D and both rows C and E is 0.3m. The number of downward fan-shaped deep holes on row E is greater than the sum of the number of downward fan-shaped deep holes on rows C and D. The explosive charge density of the downward fan-shaped deep hole blasting line is 6.35 kg / m. The explosive charge of the downward fan-shaped deep holes in rows C, D, and E is 2.3t, with an explosive consumption of 0.35 kg / t. The detonation network of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is a hybrid network of detonating cord and millisecond delay detonating cord. The blasting height of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 45m. By sorting the detonation of rows C, D, and E, the phenomenon of high fragmentation rate caused by the dispersion of explosive charge can be avoided.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Construction of ore-exit roadways and ore-receiving roadways along the ore body strike within the mining area, and construction of rock-drilling chambers in both ore-exit roadways and ore-receiving roadways using high-pressure annular down-the-hole drills. Then, construction operations are carried out in the rock-drilling chambers using high-pressure annular down-the-hole drills to create multiple downward and upward fan-shaped deep holes. S2: Multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes are divided into two rows, namely row A and row B. The upward fan-shaped deep holes located in odd-numbered positions are all distributed on row A, and the upward fan-shaped deep holes located in even-numbered positions are all distributed on row B. S3: Heavy ammonium nitrate explosive is used to charge the upward fan-shaped deep holes, and then a detonating bomb is used to detonate the explosive at the bottom of the upward fan-shaped deep holes. During the blasting, the multiple upward fan-shaped deep holes located in the two rows are equivalent to a single row arrangement, and the charging and detonation sequence is designed according to the single row of fan-shaped holes. S4: Multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes are divided into three rows, namely row C, row D and row E. Most of the downward fan-shaped deep holes are arranged on row C. The adjacent downward fan-shaped deep holes on row C, row D and row E are arranged alternately, and the remaining downward fan-shaped deep holes on row E and not adjacent to row C and row D are arranged linearly. S5: The downward fan-shaped deep holes are loaded with heavy ammonium nitrate explosives. After the bottom of the downward fan-shaped deep holes is blocked with a spherical plug, the detonation operation is carried out through the detonation network. During the blasting, the downward fan-shaped deep holes located on row A are detonated first, and then the downward fan-shaped deep holes located on rows B and C are detonated alternately.

2. The method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ore extraction roadway and the ore receiving roadway are arranged in parallel, and the multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes and upward fan-shaped deep holes are located in the ore extraction roadway and the ore receiving roadway, respectively.

3. The method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the upward fan-shaped deep hole is 76mm, and the distance between any two adjacent upward fan-shaped deep holes from the receiving roadway is 1.9-2.5m.

4. The method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The A row and B row are arranged in parallel, with a distance of 0.3m between them. Each pair of adjacent upward fan-shaped deep holes are arranged alternately on the A row and B row.

5. The method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the rock drilling chamber is 19m, the diameter of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 89mm, the bottom distance of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 2.2m-3.0m, and the minimum hole opening distance of the multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes is 9mm.

6. The method for fan-shaped deep hole layout in mining blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The C, D, and E rows are arranged in parallel, with the D row located between the C and E rows. The distance between the D row and both the C and E rows is 0.3m. The number of the multiple downward fan-shaped deep holes on the E row is greater than the sum of the number of downward fan-shaped deep holes on the C and D rows.

7. A method for arranging fan-shaped deep holes for mining blasting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-pressure annular down-the-hole drill rig is model KQG100.

8. A method for arranging fan-shaped deep holes for mining blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heavy ammonium phosphate explosive is loaded using a BQF-100II loading device. The explosive density of the blasting line in the upward fan-shaped deep hole is 5 kg / m. The explosive amount in both the A and B rows of the upward fan-shaped deep hole is 1.7t, and the explosive consumption per unit is 0.4 kg / t.

9. A method for arranging fan-shaped deep holes for mining blasting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The explosive charge density of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 6.35 kg / m, and the explosive charge of the downward fan-shaped deep holes in rows C, D and E is 2.3t, with a single explosive consumption of 0.35 kg / t.

10. A method for arranging fan-shaped deep holes for mining blasting according to claim 9, characterized in that: The detonation network of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is a hybrid network of detonating cord-millisecond delay detonating cord detonator, and the blasting height of the downward fan-shaped deep hole is 45m.

Images