Augmented reality glasses and diffractive optical waveguide device

Abstract

The invention discloses augmented reality glasses and a diffractive optical waveguide device. The augmented reality glasses comprise a negative diopter lens, a diffraction optical waveguide lens, a coupling-in grating, a coupling-out grating, a positive diopter lens and a projection device. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive optical waveguide lens, and the positive diopter lens is located on the human eye-facing side of the diffractive optical waveguide lens. The absolute value of the diopter of the negative diopter lens has positive influence on the critical angle; the positive diopter lens is used for correcting the influence of the negative diopter lens on ambient light. According to the augmented reality glasses, by introducing the negative diopter lenses, the critical angle can be effectively increased, so that a user cannot feel the existence of rainbow patterns even if the incident angle of ambient light is relatively large; therefore, the effect of inhibiting the rainbow lines can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of diffractive waveguide technology, specifically to augmented reality glasses and diffractive waveguide devices. Background Technology

[0002] Augmented reality glasses (AR glasses) are smart wearable devices that combine the real world and the virtual world by using technologies such as augmented reality, audio-visual fusion, and waveguide lenses to collect data from real-world scenes through cameras and sensors.

[0003] Rainbow effect is one of the core issues affecting the user experience of AR glasses. It is caused by diffraction of light when it enters the waveguide grating, resulting in visual pollution, i.e., colored stripes or halos appearing in the user's field of vision, affecting image clarity and user experience. Rainbow effect is an inherent defect of diffracted light waves. How to improve the suppression of rainbow stray light and how to further reduce the thickness of AR glasses are hot research topics in the field.

[0004] Furthermore, among the many "difficult problems" of optical waveguides, forward light leakage is one of the core issues affecting the user experience. It allows outsiders to see the light emitted by the glasses and even the content of the image, compromising the privacy of the product and making the wearer appear quite strange. How to mitigate the problem of forward light leakage is also a hot research topic in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides augmented reality glasses to address the problems of poor rainbow effect suppression and thick glasses in existing technologies. This application also provides a diffractive waveguide device.

[0006] This application provides augmented reality glasses, including:

[0007] Negative diopter lens, diffractive waveguide lens, positive diopter lens, coupling grating, coupling grating, projection device; the negative diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the coupling grating and coupling grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses;

[0008] By adjusting the absolute value of the refractive power of the negative refractive lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the human eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. When the absolute value of the refractive power increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The positive refractive lens is used to correct the influence of the negative refractive lens on the ambient light.

[0009] Optionally, the coupling grating is a coupling grating with negative diopter, used to correct the influence of positive diopter lenses on the virtual image information entering the human eye through the coupling grating. The virtual image information is generated by the projection device.

[0010] Optionally, the sum of the diopter of the coupling grating and the diopter of the positive diopter lens is 0.

[0011] Optionally, the sum of the refractive powers of the negative and positive lenses is 0.

[0012] Optionally, the sum of the refractive powers of the negative and positive lenses is either positive or negative.

[0013] Optionally, the Fresnel lens can have its curved texture facing either the human eye side or the environment side.

[0014] Optionally, negative diopter lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin or glass and are used to protect the diffraction waveguide lens, the input grating, and the output grating.

[0015] Optionally, positive diopter lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin, glass, or silicone.

[0016] Optionally, by adjusting the curvature of the ambient light at the incident position of the negative diopter lens, the lower limit of the included angle can be adjusted. If the curvature of the incident position increases, the lower limit of the included angle at that position will increase accordingly.

[0017] This application provides a diffractive optical waveguide device, comprising:

[0018] Negative diopter lenses, diffractive waveguide lenses, positive diopter lenses, coupling gratings, coupling out gratings;

[0019] The negative diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens. The coupling grating and the coupling grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses.

[0020] By adjusting the absolute value of the refractive power of the negative refractive lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the human eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. When the absolute value of the refractive power increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The positive refractive lens is used to correct the influence of the negative refractive lens on the ambient light.

[0021] Optionally, the coupling grating is a coupling grating with negative diopter, used to correct the influence of positive diopter lenses on the virtual image information entering the human eye through the coupling grating.

[0022] Optionally, the sum of the diopter of the coupling grating and the diopter of the positive diopter lens is 0.

[0023] Optionally, the sum of the refractive powers of the negative and positive lenses is 0.

[0024] Optionally, the sum of the refractive powers of the negative and positive lenses is either positive or negative.

[0025] Optionally, the Fresnel lens can have its curved texture facing either the human eye side or the environment side.

[0026] Optionally, negative diopter lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin or glass and are used to protect the diffraction waveguide lens, the input grating, and the output grating.

[0027] Optionally, positive diopter lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin, glass, or silicone.

[0028] This application also provides augmented reality glasses, including:

[0029] The system comprises a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an ingress grating, an egress grating, and a projection device. The positive diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, while the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side. The ingress and egress gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted; a larger positive diopter results in a better suppression effect of forward light leakage. The negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light.

[0030] This application also provides a diffractive optical waveguide device, comprising:

[0031] The system comprises a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an ingress grating, and an egress grating. The positive diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, while the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side. The ingress and egress gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted; a larger positive diopter results in a better suppression effect of forward light leakage. The negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0033] The augmented reality glasses provided in this application embodiment include a diffractive waveguide device and a projection device. The diffractive waveguide device includes: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, an input grating, an output grating, and a positive diopter lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the input and output gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. By adjusting the absolute value of the diopter of the negative diopter lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. As the absolute value of the diopter increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The positive diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens on the ambient light. These augmented reality glasses, by incorporating negative diopter lenses, effectively increase the lower limit of the incident angle (critical angle), ensuring that even with a large incident angle of ambient light, users will not perceive the presence of rainbow patterns; thus, they can effectively improve the suppression of rainbow patterns. Simultaneously, by introducing positive diopter lenses, the influence of negative diopter lenses on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. Furthermore, this diffraction waveguide device based on Fresnel diopter lenses for suppressing rainbow patterns also has the advantage of being lightweight and thin, facilitating the widespread adoption of augmented reality glasses in daily life.

[0034] The diffractive waveguide device provided in this application includes: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, an insertion grating, an exit grating, and a positive diopter lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative diopter lens is located on the ambient-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the insertion grating and exit grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. By adjusting the absolute diopter value of the negative diopter lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. As the absolute diopter value increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The positive diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens on the ambient light. This diffractive waveguide device, by introducing a negative diopter lens, effectively increases the critical angle, ensuring that even with a large incident angle of ambient light, the user will not perceive the presence of rainbow patterns; thus, it effectively improves the suppression of rainbow patterns. Simultaneously, by introducing a positive diopter lens, the influence of the negative diopter lens on ambient light is corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffractive waveguide device. Furthermore, this diffractive waveguide device based on Fresnel diopter lenses for suppressing rainbow patterns also has the advantage of being lightweight and thin.

[0035] The augmented reality glasses provided in this application include: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an ingress grating, an egress grating, and a projection device. The positive diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens. The ingress and egress gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted; the greater the positive diopter, the better the suppression effect of forward light leakage. The negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light. By introducing a positive diopter lens, this augmented reality glasses can effectively control the propagation direction of light leakage, making forward light leakage very inconspicuous. That is, under normal circumstances, when the user is communicating face-to-face with someone, the other party is unlikely to notice the forward light leakage of the glasses. Therefore, it can effectively improve the effect of suppressing forward-to-forward light leakage. Meanwhile, by introducing negative diopter lenses, the influence of positive diopter lenses on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. In addition, this diffraction waveguide device, which suppresses forward light leakage based on Fresnel diopter lenses, also has the advantage of being lightweight and thin, making it easier for augmented reality glasses to be popularized in daily life.

[0036] The diffractive waveguide device provided in this application includes: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an insertion grating, and an exit grating. The positive diopter lens is located on the ambient-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens. The insertion and exit gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted; the greater the positive diopter, the better the suppression effect of forward light leakage. The negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light. This diffractive waveguide device, by introducing a positive diopter lens, can effectively control the propagation direction of the leaked image, making the forward light leakage very inconspicuous. That is, under normal circumstances, when the user is communicating face-to-face with someone, the other party will hardly notice the forward light leakage from the glasses. Therefore, it can effectively improve the suppression effect of forward light leakage. Meanwhile, by introducing negative diopter lenses, the influence of positive diopter lenses on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. In addition, this diffraction waveguide device, which suppresses forward light leakage based on Fresnel diopter lenses, also has the advantage of being lightweight and thin. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of augmented reality glasses provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 2The present application provides a comparison diagram of the augmented reality glasses embodiments with and without rainbow patterns;

[0039] Figure 3 The surface texture orientation diagram of the Fresnel lens of the embodiment of the augmented reality glasses provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 4 The grating position diagram of the embodiment of augmented reality glasses provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 5 Another structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the augmented reality glasses provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 6 The comparison diagram shows the effect of suppressing forward light leakage in the embodiments of augmented reality glasses provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this application; therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] This application provides augmented reality glasses and a diffractive waveguide device. The various solutions are described in detail below in each embodiment.

[0045] First Embodiment

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the augmented reality glasses of this application. In this embodiment, the augmented reality glasses include the following components: a negative refractive lens 1, a coupling grating 2, a coupling grating 3, a diffractive waveguide lens 4, a positive refractive lens 5, and a projection device 9. The negative refractive lens and / or the positive refractive lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative refractive lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and the positive refractive lens 5 is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4. There is a gap 6 between the negative refractive lens 1 and the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a gap 7 between the diffractive waveguide lens 4 and the positive refractive lens 5. Furthermore, the augmented reality glasses may also include a frame 8; however, in specific implementations, the frame may not be included. Figure 1 It also showed the human eye 10.

[0047] In practice, Fresnel lenses can be used for negative refractive power lenses, or Fresnel lenses can be used for positive refractive power lenses, or both Fresnel lenses can be used for negative refractive power lenses and positive refractive power lenses at the same time.

[0048] A Fresnel lens, also known as a threaded lens, is typically a thin sheet injection-molded from polyolefin material. One side of the lens surface is smooth, while the other side is engraved with concentric circles of varying sizes. Its texture is designed based on light interference and perturbation, as well as relative sensitivity and receiving angle requirements. By transforming the curved surface of a traditional lens into a series of concentric rings or strips of thin optical elements, Fresnel lenses achieve a slimmer profile while retaining the focusing function of a lens.

[0049] In practice, for the sake of manufacturing, the curved texture of Fresnel lenses can face either the human eye or the environment. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the orientation of the curved textures of the negative refractive power lens 1 and the positive refractive power lens 5 using Fresnel lenses can be arbitrarily combined.

[0050] In one example, the negative diopter lens is a Fresnel lens, which is made of resin or glass and is used to protect the diffraction waveguide lens, the coupling grating, and the coupling grating. In practice, the Fresnel lens can be reinforced to better protect the diffraction waveguide lens, the coupling grating, and the coupling grating.

[0051] In one example, the positive refractive lens is a Fresnel lens, which is made of resin, glass, or silicone. This type of positive refractive lens is easy to install and replace.

[0052] Fresnel lenses can have their surfaces filled with materials to make them smooth, and they are usually made of low-refractive-index materials to minimize their impact on optics.

[0053] Augmented reality glasses mainly consist of a diffractive waveguide device and a projection device 9. The projection device (optical-mechanical module) 9 is responsible for generating virtual image information and modulating it into a collimated beam. Common projection devices in augmented reality glasses include DLP, LCOS, Micro LED, and MEMS. The diffractive waveguide device includes a negative diopter lens 1, a coupling grating 2, a coupling in grating 3, a diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a positive diopter lens 5. The diffractive waveguide lens 4 is the core component of the augmented reality glasses. It is responsible for transmitting and expanding the virtual image information projected by the projection device and presenting it comfortably in front of the eyes, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffractive waveguide lens 4.

[0054] Diffractive waveguides, also known as holographic waveguides or grating waveguides, are a type of optical see-through augmented reality (AR) near-eye display (NED) technology that combines physical optics with geometric optics. This technology fabricates nano-grating structures onto transparent optical lenses, utilizing the diffraction effect of the nano-grating structure to deflect light beams. The beam is then guided and expanded using the waveguide principle within the transparent lens, allowing virtual information such as images and videos to be comfortably displayed in front of the eyes. Simultaneously, the optical system is as thin, lightweight, and transparent as ordinary eyeglasses. In other words, diffractive waveguide technology uses grating diffraction and waveguide principles to deflect, conduct, and expand light beams, achieving near-eye display with ultra-thin lenses and ultra-large images. When the virtual image information projected by the projection device 9 is incident through the coupling grating 3, the virtual image information propagates almost without loss internally (total internal reflection) and enters the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2.

[0055] Augmented reality glasses project virtual images into the user's field of vision using near-eye display technology. However, due to the dispersion characteristics of diffractive waveguides, light of different wavelengths is deflected during propagation, resulting in colored stripes, or rainbow patterns, appearing at the edges of the image. This phenomenon significantly reduces the visual comfort and practicality of augmented reality displays.

[0056] The augmented reality glasses provided in this application adjust the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal by adjusting the absolute value of the negative diopter lens. This adjusts the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. As the absolute diopter value increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The critical angle θ refers to the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal. If the angle between the external ambient light and the normal of the diffractive waveguide lens 4 is less than the critical angle, such as... Figure 1 If the angle of ray 1 is less than the critical angle θ1, then the ambient light will not enter the human eye after being diffracted by the coupling grating 2; if the angle between the external ambient light and the normal of the diffracting waveguide mirror 4 is greater than the critical angle, such as Figure 1 If the angle of light 2 is greater than the critical angle θ1, then the ambient light, after being diffracted by the coupling grating 2, enters the human eye in the form of a rainbow pattern, and the user perceives the existence of the rainbow pattern.

[0057] Depend on Figure 1As can be seen, in this embodiment, the diffractive waveguide device includes not only the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and the coupling grating 3 and coupling grating 2 on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, but also a negative diopter lens 1 located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a positive diopter lens 5 located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4. Diopter (D) is a physical quantity describing the ability of a lens to converge (positive diopter is a convex lens) or diverge (negative diopter is a concave lens) light, and its unit is diopter (D). The lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is used as the critical angle. The diopter of the negative diopter lens 1 is negative, and the absolute value of the negative diopter has a positive influence on the critical angle θ. The positive diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens on ambient light.

[0058] The absolute value of the negative refractive power of lens 1 has a positive impact on the critical angle; that is, the larger the absolute value of the negative refractive power, the larger the critical angle. Figure 1 As can be seen, as the absolute value of the negative diopter lens 1 increases, the critical angle also increases accordingly. The first absolute value of diopter corresponds to the critical angle θ1, and the second absolute value of diopter corresponds to the critical angle θ2. The first absolute value of diopter is less than the second absolute value of diopter.

[0059] In practice, by rationally designing the refractive power of negative diopter lenses, rainbow patterns can be effectively suppressed. Figure 2 The image demonstrates the effect of AR glasses provided by the embodiments of this application in suppressing rainbow patterns. The left image shows the rainbow patterns seen by the user when using existing AR glasses, while the right image shows the rainbow patterns that the user cannot perceive at all when using AR glasses provided by the embodiments of this application.

[0060] In one example, the augmented reality glasses provided in this application adjust the lower limit of the included angle by adjusting the curvature of the ambient light at the incident position of the negative diopter lens. As the curvature of the incident position increases, the lower limit of the included angle at that position also increases accordingly. This makes the curvature of the ambient light at the incident position of the negative diopter lens 1 also have a positive influence on the critical angle. The greater the curvature of the incident position, the greater the critical angle at that position. This achieves dynamic compensation of the critical angle in complex optical path environments, which can effectively improve the light energy utilization rate.

[0061] The input grating 3 and the output grating 2 are disposed on the surface of the diffractive waveguide mirror 4. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the coupling grating 3 and the coupling grating 2 can be disposed on the environmentally facing surface of the diffractive waveguide mirror 4. Figure 4 As shown, the input grating 3 and the output grating 2 can be disposed on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens 4 facing the human eye.

[0062] Positive refractive lens 5 is used to correct the effect of negative refractive lens 1 on ambient light. In practice, the sum of the refractive powers of negative refractive lens 1 and positive refractive lens 5 can be 0, making this combination suitable for users with normal vision. Alternatively, the sum of the refractive powers of negative refractive lens 1 and positive refractive lens 5 can also be positive, making this combination suitable for users with positive refractive power. Finally, the sum of the refractive powers of negative refractive lens 1 and positive refractive lens 5 can also be negative, making this combination suitable for users with negative refractive power.

[0063] In one example, the coupling grating 2 uses a negative diopter coupling grating to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. The projection device 9 projects the virtual image information onto the input grating 3. After the virtual image information is incident on the input grating 3, it propagates almost without loss (total internal reflection) inside the diffraction waveguide lens 4, and enters the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. In this embodiment, by introducing the positive diopter lens 5, the influence of the negative diopter lens 1 on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. At the same time, by further introducing the coupling grating 2 with negative diopter, the influence of the positive diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information can be corrected, avoiding the effects of refractive error and distortion on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2, so that the virtual image information is comfortably presented in front of the human eye.

[0064] In one example, for the diffraction optical path, the sum of the diffraction refractive power of the coupling grating 2 and the positive refractive lens 5 is 0, negative, or positive, which can be set according to the user's own refractive power requirements.

[0065] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the augmented reality glasses provided in this application include a diffractive waveguide device and a projection device. The diffractive waveguide device includes: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a coupling grating, an output grating, and a positive diopter lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the coupling grating and the output grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. By adjusting the absolute value of the diopter of the negative diopter lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. When the absolute value of the diopter increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly; the positive diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens on the ambient light. These augmented reality glasses utilize negative diopter lenses to effectively increase the critical angle, ensuring that even with a large incident angle of ambient light, users do not perceive rainbow patterns; thus, they significantly improve the suppression of rainbow patterns. Simultaneously, the introduction of positive diopter lenses corrects the influence of negative diopter lenses on ambient light, guaranteeing that the human eye can clearly observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. Furthermore, this diffraction waveguide device, based on Fresnel diopter lenses to suppress rainbow patterns, also boasts the advantage of being lightweight and thin, facilitating the widespread adoption of augmented reality glasses in daily life.

[0066] Second Embodiment

[0067] In the above embodiments, augmented reality glasses are provided. Correspondingly, this application also provides a diffractive waveguide device, which can be used in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), optical communication, laser display, and other fields. This device corresponds to the above-described embodiment of the augmented reality glasses. Since the embodiment of the diffractive waveguide device is basically similar to the embodiment of the augmented reality glasses, it is described simply. For relevant details, please refer to the description of the augmented reality glasses embodiment. The following description of the embodiment of the diffractive waveguide device is merely illustrative.

[0068] This application also provides a diffractive waveguide device, comprising: a negative diopter lens 1, an output grating 2, an input grating 3, a diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a positive diopter lens 5. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and the positive diopter lens 5 is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4. There is a gap 6 between the negative diopter lens 1 and the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a gap 7 between the diffractive waveguide lens 4 and the positive diopter lens 5. The diffractive waveguide lens 4 is the core component of the diffractive waveguide device; it is responsible for transmitting and expanding the virtual image information projected onto the input grating 3, presenting it comfortably to the eye, and ensuring that the eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffractive waveguide lens 4.

[0069] Diffractive waveguides, also known as holographic waveguides or grating waveguides, are a type of optical see-through augmented reality (AR) near-eye display (NED) technology that combines physical optics with geometric optics. This technology fabricates nano-grating structures onto transparent optical lenses, utilizing the diffraction effect of the nano-grating structure to deflect light beams. The beam is then guided and expanded using the waveguide principle within the transparent lens, allowing virtual information such as images and videos to be comfortably displayed in front of the eyes. Simultaneously, the optical system is as thin, lightweight, and transparent as ordinary eyeglasses. In other words, diffractive waveguide technology uses grating diffraction and waveguide principles to deflect, conduct, and expand light beams, achieving near-eye display with ultra-thin lenses and ultra-large images. When the virtual image information projected by the projection device 9 is incident through the coupling grating 3, the virtual image information propagates almost without loss internally (total internal reflection) and enters the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2.

[0070] In practical applications, near-eye display technology projects virtual images into the user's field of vision. However, due to the dispersion characteristics of diffractive waveguides, light of different wavelengths deflects during propagation, resulting in colored stripes, or rainbow patterns, appearing at the edges of the image. This phenomenon significantly reduces the visual comfort and practicality of virtual image displays.

[0071] The diffractive waveguide device provided in this application adjusts the absolute value of the refractive power of the negative refractive lens to adjust the lower limit (critical angle) of the angle between the ambient light entering the human eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. As the absolute value of the refractive power increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The critical angle θ refers to the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the human eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal. If the angle between the external ambient light and the normal of the diffractive waveguide lens 4 is less than the critical angle, such as... Figure 1If the angle of ray 1 is less than the critical angle θ1, then the ambient light will not enter the human eye after being diffracted by the coupling grating 2; if the angle between the external ambient light and the normal of the diffracting waveguide mirror 4 is greater than the critical angle, such as Figure 1 If the angle of light 2 is greater than the critical angle θ1, then the ambient light, after being diffracted by the coupling grating 2, enters the human eye in the form of a rainbow pattern, and the user perceives the existence of the rainbow pattern.

[0072] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the diffractive waveguide device includes not only the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and the coupling grating 3 and coupling grating 2 on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, but also a negative diopter lens 1 located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a positive diopter lens 5 located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4. Diopter (D) is a physical quantity describing the ability of a lens to converge (positive diopter is a convex lens) or diverge (negative diopter is a concave lens) light, and its unit is diopter (D). The lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is used as the critical angle. The diopter of the negative diopter lens 1 is negative, and the absolute value of the negative diopter has a positive influence on the critical angle θ. The positive diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens on ambient light.

[0073] The absolute value of the negative refractive power of lens 1 has a positive impact on the critical angle; that is, the larger the absolute value of the negative refractive power, the larger the critical angle. Figure 1 As can be seen, as the absolute value of the negative diopter lens 1 increases, the critical angle also increases accordingly. The first absolute value of diopter corresponds to the critical angle θ1, and the second absolute value of diopter corresponds to the critical angle θ2. The first absolute value of diopter is less than the second absolute value of diopter.

[0074] In practice, by rationally designing the refractive power of negative diopter lenses, rainbow patterns can be effectively suppressed. Figure 2 The image demonstrates the effect of the diffractive waveguide device provided in this application on suppressing rainbow patterns. The left image shows the rainbow patterns seen by the user when using an existing diffractive waveguide device, while the right image shows that the user does not perceive the existence of rainbow patterns at all when using the diffractive waveguide device provided in this application.

[0075] In one example, the diffractive waveguide device provided in this application adjusts the lower limit of the included angle by adjusting the curvature of the ambient light at the incident position of the negative diopter lens. As the curvature of the incident position increases, the lower limit of the included angle at that position also increases accordingly. This allows the curvature of the ambient light at the incident position of the negative diopter lens 1 to also have a positive influence on the critical angle. The greater the curvature of the incident position, the greater the critical angle at that position. This achieves dynamic compensation of the critical angle in complex optical path environments, which can effectively improve the light energy utilization rate.

[0076] Positive refractive lens 5 is used to correct the effect of negative refractive lens 1 on ambient light. In practice, the sum of the refractive powers of negative refractive lens 1 and positive refractive lens 5 can be 0, making this combination suitable for users with normal vision. Alternatively, the sum of the refractive powers of negative refractive lens 1 and positive refractive lens 5 can also be positive, making this combination suitable for users with positive refractive power. Finally, the sum of the refractive powers of negative refractive lens 1 and positive refractive lens 5 can also be negative, making this combination suitable for users with negative refractive power.

[0077] In one example, the coupling grating 2 employs a negative diopter coupling grating to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. The virtual image information of the input grating 3, after being incident on the input grating 3, propagates almost without loss within the diffraction waveguide lens 4 (total internal reflection) before entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. This embodiment, by introducing the positive diopter lens 5, corrects the influence of the negative diopter lens 1 on ambient light, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. Simultaneously, by further introducing the negative diopter coupling grating 2, the influence of the positive diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information can be corrected, preventing refractive errors and distortions in the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2, thus ensuring a comfortable presentation of the virtual image information to the human eye.

[0078] In one example, for the diffraction optical path, the sum of the diffraction refractive power of the coupling grating 2 and the positive refractive lens 5 is 0, negative, or positive, which can be set according to the user's own refractive power requirements.

[0079] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the diffractive waveguide device provided in this application includes: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a coupling grating, an output grating, and a positive diopter lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; the negative diopter lens is located on the environmental-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the coupling grating and the output grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. By adjusting the absolute value of the diopter of the negative diopter lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal (critical angle) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. As the absolute value of the diopter increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly; the positive diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens on the ambient light. This diffractive waveguide device, by introducing a negative diopter lens, effectively increases the critical angle, ensuring that even with a large incident angle of ambient light, users will not perceive the presence of rainbow patterns; thus, it effectively enhances the suppression of rainbow patterns. Simultaneously, by introducing a positive diopter lens, the influence of the negative diopter lens on ambient light is corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffractive waveguide device. Furthermore, this diffractive waveguide device based on Fresnel diopter lenses for suppressing rainbow patterns also has the advantages of low technical difficulty and low production cost, facilitating the widespread adoption of augmented reality glasses in daily life.

[0080] Third embodiment

[0081] In the above embodiments, augmented reality glasses are provided. Correspondingly, this application also provides augmented reality glasses for suppressing forward light leakage. This device corresponds to the above-described embodiments of augmented reality glasses. Since the augmented reality glasses in this embodiment are basically similar to those in Embodiment 1, the description is relatively simple, and relevant details can be found in the description of Embodiment 1. The embodiments of augmented reality glasses described below are merely illustrative.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the augmented reality glasses according to an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the augmented reality glasses include the following components: a positive diopter lens 1, a coupling-out grating 2, a coupling-in grating 3, a diffractive waveguide lens 4, a negative diopter lens 5, and a projection device 9. The positive diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and the negative diopter lens 5 is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. There is a gap 6 between the positive diopter lens 1 and the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a gap 7 between the diffractive waveguide lens 4 and the negative diopter lens 5. In addition, the augmented reality glasses may also include a frame 8, but in specific implementations, the frame may not be included. Figure 3It also showed the human eye 10.

[0083] Augmented reality glasses can experience forward light leakage, which allows outsiders to see the light emitted by the glasses and even the content of the image displayed, compromising the privacy of the product and making the wearer appear strange, thus affecting the user experience. The augmented reality glasses provided in this application adjust the suppression effect of forward light leakage by adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens; a larger positive diopter results in better suppression of forward light leakage. The diopter of the positive diopter lens 1 has a positive impact on suppressing forward light leakage; that is, the larger the positive diopter, the better the suppression effect. In specific implementations, by rationally designing the diopter of the positive diopter lens 1, forward light leakage can be effectively suppressed. Figure 6 The paper demonstrates the effect of AR glasses provided by the embodiments of this application on suppressing forward light leakage. The left figure shows the forward light leakage that can be seen by external users when the user uses existing AR glasses. The right figure shows that when the user uses AR glasses provided by the embodiments of this application, the forward light leakage is affected by the positive diopter lens 1 and will deviate from the external user's line of sight, so the user cannot feel the existence of forward light leakage at all.

[0084] The negative refractive lens 5 is used to correct the effect of the positive refractive lens 1 on ambient light. In practice, the sum of the refractive powers of the positive refractive lens 1 and the negative refractive lens 5 can be 0, making this combination suitable for users with straight vision. Alternatively, the sum of the refractive powers of the positive refractive lens 1 and the negative refractive lens 5 can also be positive, making this combination suitable for users with positive refractive power. Finally, the sum of the refractive powers of the positive refractive lens 1 and the negative refractive lens 5 can also be negative, making this combination suitable for users with negative refractive power.

[0085] In one example, the coupling grating 2 is a positive diopter coupling grating used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. The projection device 9 projects the virtual image information onto the input grating 3. After the virtual image information is incident through the input grating 3, it propagates almost without loss (total internal reflection) inside the diffraction waveguide lens 4, and enters the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. In this embodiment, by introducing the negative diopter lens 5, the influence of the positive diopter lens 1 on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. At the same time, by further introducing the positive diopter coupling grating 2, the influence of the negative diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information can be corrected, avoiding the refractive and distortion effects on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2, so that the virtual image information is comfortably presented in front of the human eye.

[0086] In one example, for the diffraction optical path, the sum of the diffraction refractive power of the coupling grating 2 and the negative refractive power lens 5 is 0, negative refractive power, or positive refractive power, which can be set according to the user's own refractive power requirements.

[0087] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the augmented reality glasses provided in this application include: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an ingress grating, an egress grating, and a projection device; the positive diopter lens is located on the environment-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the ingress and egress gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; by adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted, and the effect of suppressing forward light leakage is correspondingly better when the positive diopter increases; the negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light. This augmented reality glasses, by introducing a positive diopter lens, can effectively control the propagation direction of the light leakage image, making forward light leakage very inconspicuous, that is, under normal circumstances, the other party is unlikely to notice the forward light leakage when the user is communicating face-to-face; therefore, it can effectively improve the effect of suppressing forward light leakage. Meanwhile, by introducing negative diopter lenses, the influence of positive diopter lenses on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. In addition, this diffraction waveguide device, which suppresses forward light leakage based on Fresnel diopter lenses, also has the advantage of being lightweight and thin, making it easier for augmented reality glasses to be popularized in daily life.

[0088] Fourth embodiment

[0089] In the above embodiments, augmented reality glasses are provided. Correspondingly, this application also provides a diffractive waveguide device, which can be used in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), optical communication, laser display, and other fields. This device corresponds to the above-described embodiment of the augmented reality glasses. Since the embodiment of the diffractive waveguide device is basically similar to the embodiment of the augmented reality glasses, it is described simply. For relevant details, please refer to the description of the augmented reality glasses embodiment. The following description of the embodiment of the diffractive waveguide device is merely illustrative.

[0090] This application also provides a diffractive waveguide device, comprising the following components: a positive diopter lens 1, a coupling grating 2, a coupling in grating 3, a diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a negative diopter lens 5. The positive diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and the negative diopter lens 5 is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens 4. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. There is a gap 6 between the positive diopter lens 1 and the diffractive waveguide lens 4, and a gap 7 between the diffractive waveguide lens 4 and the negative diopter lens 5.

[0091] Diffractive waveguide devices can experience forward light leakage, which allows external observers to see the emitted light and even the content of the image displayed on the device. This compromises product privacy, makes the wearer appear strange, and negatively impacts the user experience. The diffractive waveguide device provided in this application adjusts the forward light leakage suppression effect by regulating the refractive power of the positive diopter lens. A higher positive diopter results in better suppression of forward light leakage. The refractive power of the positive diopter lens 1 has a positive effect on suppressing forward light leakage; that is, a higher positive diopter leads to better suppression. In practice, by rationally designing the refractive power of the positive diopter lens 1, forward light leakage can be effectively suppressed. Figure 4 The paper demonstrates the effect of the diffractive waveguide device provided in the embodiments of this application on suppressing forward light leakage. The left figure shows the forward light leakage that can be seen by external users when the user uses the existing diffractive waveguide device. The right figure shows that when the user uses the diffractive waveguide device provided in the embodiments of this application, the forward light leakage is affected by the positive diopter lens 1 and will deviate from the external user's line of sight, so the existence of forward light leakage cannot be felt at all.

[0092] The negative refractive lens 5 is used to correct the effect of the positive refractive lens 1 on ambient light. In practice, the sum of the refractive powers of the positive refractive lens 1 and the negative refractive lens 5 can be 0, making this combination suitable for users with straight vision. Alternatively, the sum of the refractive powers of the positive refractive lens 1 and the negative refractive lens 5 can also be positive, making this combination suitable for users with positive refractive power. Finally, the sum of the refractive powers of the positive refractive lens 1 and the negative refractive lens 5 can also be negative, making this combination suitable for users with negative refractive power.

[0093] In one example, the coupling grating 2 is a positive diopter coupling grating used to correct the influence of the negative diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. The projection device 9 projects the virtual image information onto the input grating 3. After the virtual image information is incident through the input grating 3, it propagates almost without loss (total internal reflection) inside the diffraction waveguide lens 4, and enters the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2. In this embodiment, by introducing the negative diopter lens 5, the influence of the positive diopter lens 1 on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. At the same time, by further introducing the positive diopter coupling grating 2, the influence of the negative diopter lens 5 on the virtual image information can be corrected, avoiding the refractive and distortion effects on the virtual image information entering the human eye after passing through the coupling grating 2, so that the virtual image information is comfortably presented in front of the human eye.

[0094] In one example, for the diffraction optical path, the sum of the diffraction refractive power of the coupling grating 2 and the negative refractive power lens 5 is 0, negative refractive power, or positive refractive power, which can be set according to the user's own refractive power requirements.

[0095] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the diffractive waveguide device provided in this application includes: a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an insertion grating, and an exit grating; the positive diopter lens is located on the environmentally facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the insertion and exit gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; by adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted, and the effect of suppressing forward light leakage is correspondingly better as the positive diopter increases; the negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light. This diffractive waveguide device, by introducing a positive diopter lens, can effectively control the propagation direction of the leaked image, making the forward light leakage very inconspicuous, meaning that under normal circumstances, the other party is unlikely to notice the forward light leakage when the user is communicating face-to-face; therefore, it can effectively improve the effect of suppressing forward light leakage. Meanwhile, by introducing negative diopter lenses, the influence of positive diopter lenses on ambient light can be corrected, ensuring that the human eye can normally observe the external scene through the diffraction waveguide device. In addition, this diffraction waveguide device, which suppresses forward light leakage based on Fresnel diopter lenses, also has the advantage of being lightweight and thin.

[0096] Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An augmented reality glasses, characterized in that, include: Negative diopter lens, diffractive waveguide lens, positive diopter lens, coupling grating, coupling grating, projection device; the negative diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the coupling grating and coupling grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens; the negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses; By adjusting the absolute value of the refractive power of the negative refractive lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the human eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. When the absolute value of the refractive power increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The positive refractive lens is used to correct the influence of the negative refractive lens on the ambient light.

2. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling grating is a coupling grating with negative diopter, used to correct the influence of positive diopter lenses on the virtual image information entering the human eye through the coupling grating. The virtual image information is generated by the projection device.

3. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sum of the diopter of the coupling grating and the diopter of the positive diopter lens is 0.

4. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sum of the refractive power of a negative refractive lens and a positive refractive lens is 0, or it is either positive or negative refractive power.

5. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, By adjusting the curvature of the ambient light at the incident position of the negative diopter lens, the lower limit of the included angle is adjusted. When the curvature of the incident position increases, the lower limit of the included angle at that position increases accordingly.

6. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fresnel lenses have their curved texture facing either the human eye or the environment.

7. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, Negative diopter lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin or glass and are used to protect the diffraction waveguide lens, the input grating, and the output grating.

8. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, Positive refractive lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin, glass, or silicone.

9. A diffractive optical waveguide device, characterized in that, include: Negative diopter lenses, diffractive waveguide lenses, positive diopter lenses, coupling gratings, coupling out gratings; The negative diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, and the positive diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side of the diffractive waveguide lens. The coupling grating and the coupling grating are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the absolute value of the refractive power of the negative refractive lens, the lower limit of the angle between the ambient light entering the human eye in a rainbow pattern and the waveguide normal is adjusted, thereby adjusting the incident angle range of the ambient light that produces the rainbow pattern. When the absolute value of the refractive power increases, the lower limit of the angle increases accordingly, and the incident angle range decreases accordingly. The positive refractive lens is used to correct the influence of the negative refractive lens on the ambient light.

10. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 9, characterized in that, Fresnel lenses have their curved texture facing either the human eye or the environment.

11. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 9, characterized in that, Negative diopter lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin or glass and are used to protect the diffraction waveguide lens, the input grating, and the output grating.

12. The virtual reality glasses according to claim 9, characterized in that, Positive refractive lenses are Fresnel lenses, which are made of resin, glass, or silicone.

13. An augmented reality glasses, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an ingress grating, an egress grating, and a projection device. The positive diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, while the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side. The ingress and egress gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted; a larger positive diopter results in a better suppression effect of forward light leakage. The negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light.

14. A diffractive optical waveguide device, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a negative diopter lens, a diffractive waveguide lens, a positive diopter lens, an ingress grating, and an egress grating. The positive diopter lens is located on the ambient side of the diffractive waveguide lens, while the negative diopter lens is located on the eye-facing side. The ingress and egress gratings are located on the surface of the diffractive waveguide lens. The negative diopter lens and / or the positive diopter lens are Fresnel lenses. By adjusting the diopter of the positive diopter lens, the suppression effect of forward light leakage is adjusted; a larger positive diopter results in a better suppression effect of forward light leakage. The negative diopter lens is used to correct the influence of the positive diopter lens on ambient light.

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