Intelligent micro-grid control system of transformer substation

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent micro-grid control system of a transformer substation, which is applied to the field of power distribution, and is characterized in that power supply clusters of corresponding levels are respectively arranged for load assemblies of different priorities, one-to-one power supply for the load assemblies is realized, continuous operation of key loads can be ensured, and dynamic load requirements can be met; according to the invention, power supply for non-critical load assemblies is realized at a necessary moment, in the power supply process of the microgrid subsystems, hydrogen energy transmission among the multiple microgrid subsystems can be realized through arrangement of the hydrogen transmission pipelines, and the power supply time for the load assemblies is effectively prolonged; on the basis that the two-way hydrogen conveying requirement is met, the hydrogen leakage monitoring function is achieved, after a leakage point is monitored, an internal hydrogen conveying area is replaced, follow-up conveyed hydrogen is not prone to overflowing from the leakage point, and normal use of the hydrogen conveying pipeline is effectively guaranteed before personnel conduct on-site overhaul.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a control system, and more particularly to a smart microgrid control system for substations applied in the field of power distribution. Background Technology

[0002] A microgrid is a small-scale power generation and distribution system that integrates distributed power sources, energy storage devices, energy conversion devices, related loads, and monitoring and protection devices. The power sources in a microgrid are mostly small-capacity distributed power sources, i.e. small units with power electronic interfaces, including micro gas turbines, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, small wind turbines, and energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, flywheels, and batteries.

[0003] The substation power supply (substation power system) is the system that supplies power to various electrical loads within a substation. It is a crucial link in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the substation. Once the substation power system fails, it will affect the safety and stability of the substation, and may even cause accidents such as system outages and equipment damage. In severe cases, it may cause the entire substation to lose power, posing a huge challenge to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0004] Chinese patent CN115102153B discloses a substation auxiliary power-photovoltaic-hydrogen-storage microgrid and its control method. This microgrid connects to electric vehicle charging piles on the DC bus, enabling energy interaction between electric vehicles and the microgrid. It uses a hybrid energy storage system combining battery and hydrogen energy storage to achieve both short-term and long-term power supply. When the substation auxiliary transformer is supplying power normally, the control method ensures the reliability and economy of power supply to daily loads within the substation through photovoltaic power generation and the hybrid energy storage system. When the substation auxiliary transformer loses power, the microgrid operates off-grid, using battery discharge for short periods and hydrogen energy storage discharge for longer periods to ensure the reliability of power supply to critical loads within the substation.

[0005] In existing technologies, when the power supply of a substation is interrupted due to a fault or the power supply is abnormal due to a fault in the transmission line, an emergency power supply is generally used to supply power to the critical load to ensure the stable operation of the critical load. However, this method is difficult to cope with dynamic load changes. When non-critical loads need to be activated urgently, it is difficult to supply power to them in a timely manner to meet temporary emergency needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the emergency power supply in the existing substations generally supplies power to the critical load, which is difficult to cope with dynamic load changes and the dynamic activation needs of non-critical loads, and has the defect of insufficient emergency adjustment capability.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a substation intelligent microgrid control system, comprising multiple power supply clusters, each power supply cluster including multiple microgrid subsystems. The multiple power supply clusters supply power to different load components, and the multiple power supply clusters are classified in descending order of priority. The higher the priority of a power supply cluster, the higher the priority of its corresponding load component. The level of a microgrid subsystem is the same as the level of its power supply cluster. One microgrid subsystem is selected from each power supply cluster, and multiple microgrid subsystems of different levels are combined to form a cascade energy supply network. Hydrogen pipelines connect adjacent levels of microgrid subsystems in the cascade energy supply network. The microgrid subsystem includes a power generation module, an energy storage module, a power supply module, and a water electrolysis hydrogen production module. The power supply module supplies power to the corresponding load components. The power generation module includes a photovoltaic power generation unit and a hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell includes a hydrogen tank for storing hydrogen. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production module is stored in the hydrogen tank. The hydrogen transmission pipeline is used to connect the hydrogen tanks of different microgrid subsystems.

[0008] A smart microgrid control system for substations, the method of using which includes the following steps: S1. Under normal circumstances, the station power supply provides power to all load components in the substation. The photovoltaic power generation unit converts light energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module. The water electrolysis hydrogen production module will not start if the energy storage module is not fully charged. S2. When the energy storage module is fully charged and there is sufficient external light energy, the water electrolysis hydrogen production module starts up, using the excess electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to perform water electrolysis hydrogen production operation, and the generated hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank. S3. When the station power supply fails, for high-priority load components, the corresponding high-level power supply cluster will automatically provide power. For low-priority load components, when they receive an activation request, they will be powered through the corresponding low-level power supply cluster. S4. When a microgrid subsystem a in a high-level power supply cluster experiences a power shortage, hydrogen from a low-level microgrid subsystem is transported to microgrid subsystem a via a hydrogen pipeline. Microgrid subsystem a generates electricity through hydrogen fuel cells to continuously supply power to the load components. The low-level microgrid subsystem must simultaneously meet the following conditions: 1. It belongs to the same cascade power supply network as microgrid subsystem a; 2. The corresponding load components are in a non-operating state. S5. When the remaining hydrogen content of the low-level microgrid subsystem that can supply hydrogen in the same cascade energy supply network is lower than the set value, start the water electrolysis hydrogen production module in the low-level microgrid subsystem, produce hydrogen by consuming the electrical energy in the energy storage module, and continue to transport the hydrogen to the microgrid subsystem a through the hydrogen pipeline. S6. When the energy storage module's power decreases to the set reserve value, shut down the corresponding water electrolysis hydrogen production module to save a certain amount of power to meet sudden activation needs.

[0009] As a further supplement to this application, the hydrogen transport pipeline includes an outer pipe and a hollow semi-ring pipe located inside the outer pipe. Both ends of the outer pipe are fixedly connected to end posts, and a sensing optical fiber is laid at the outer end of the outer pipe. The sensing optical fiber is spirally wound around the outer end of the outer pipe.

[0010] As a further supplement to this application, the upper and lower inner walls of the outer tube are fixedly connected with partitions, the hollow semi-circular tube is rotatably connected between a pair of partitions, the end post near the outer tube has a first circular groove, the first circular groove away from the inner wall of the outer tube has a second circular groove, the second circular groove away from the inner wall of the outer tube has a third circular groove, the outer diameter of the hollow semi-circular tube is the same as the inner diameter of the first circular groove, and the end of the hollow semi-circular tube is rotatably connected to the inside of the first circular groove.

[0011] As a further supplement to this application, both ends of the hollow semi-annular tube are fixedly connected to large gears, which are located inside the second circular groove. A rotating rod is provided on the outer side of the end column, and a small gear is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating rod. The small gear meshes with the large gear, and the end of the rotating rod away from the small gear is connected to the output end of the motor through a coupling.

[0012] As a further supplement to this application, the outer end of the end post is provided with an opening groove, and the opening groove communicates with the second circular groove, with the rotating rod and the pinion located inside the opening groove.

[0013] As a further supplement to this application, a first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the center position of the end post. One end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly inserted through the end post and communicates with the inside of the outer tube. The outer tube, the end post and the hollow semi-circular tube are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the first connecting pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow semi-circular tube.

[0014] As a further supplement to this application, a second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the end post away from the outer tube. One end of the second connecting pipe extends to the inner side of the third circular groove and is fixedly connected to a flexible hose between it and the hollow semi-circular tube. The flexible hose is placed in a relaxed state inside the third circular groove.

[0015] As a further supplement to this application, a pair of sealing rings are fixedly connected to the outer end of the hollow semi-ring tube, and the pair of sealing rings are respectively tightly fitted to the inner walls of a pair of first circular grooves.

[0016] In summary, this application divides load components into different levels based on their priority and sets up corresponding power supply clusters for load components of different priorities, achieving one-to-one power supply to load components. This not only ensures the continuous operation of critical loads but also adapts to dynamic load demands, providing power to non-critical load components when necessary. During the power supply process of the microgrid subsystem, the hydrogen transmission pipeline enables hydrogen energy transfer between multiple microgrid subsystems, effectively extending the power supply time to load components. Furthermore, the specific structure of the hydrogen transmission pipeline is designed to meet bidirectional hydrogen transmission requirements while also providing hydrogen leakage detection functionality. When a leak is detected, the internal hydrogen transmission area is replaced, preventing subsequent hydrogen transmission from easily overflowing from the leak point. This effectively ensures the normal operation of the hydrogen transmission pipeline before on-site maintenance by personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The system of the first, second and third embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The system of the first, second and third embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 3 The system of the first, second and third embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application; Figure 6 Localized explosion of a hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Localized explosion of a hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 8 Localized explosion of a hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 9 This is a partial top surface structure diagram of the hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a front view of the hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a front view of the hydrogen transport pipeline according to the third embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 12This is a front view of the hollow semi-ring tube in the third embodiment of this application when it is rotated. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the hollow semi-circular tube according to the third embodiment of this application after rotating 180°.

[0018] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1 Outer tube, 2 End post, 201 First circular groove, 202 Second circular groove, 203 Third circular groove, 204 Open groove, 3 Sensing fiber, 4 Hollow semi-ring tube, 401 Sealing ring, 5 Partition plate, 6 First connecting pipe, 7 Second connecting pipe, 8 Rotating rod, 9 Small gear, 10 Large gear, 11 Flexible hose. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The three embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Implementation method 1: This invention provides a smart microgrid control system for substations. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes multiple power supply clusters, each of which includes multiple microgrid subsystems. The multiple power supply clusters supply power to different load components. The multiple power supply clusters are classified in descending order of level. The higher the level of the power supply cluster, the higher the priority of the load component it corresponds to. The level of the microgrid subsystem is the same as the level of its power supply cluster. Please see Figure 2 One microgrid subsystem is selected from each power supply cluster. Multiple microgrid subsystems of different levels are combined to form a cascade power supply network. The microgrid subsystems of adjacent levels in the cascade power supply network are connected by hydrogen pipelines. In this embodiment, the hydrogen pipeline between adjacent microgrid subsystems is a single one, and hydrogen is only allowed to be transported from one microgrid subsystem to the adjacent higher-level microgrid subsystem. Please see Figure 3 The microgrid subsystem includes a power generation module, an energy storage module, a power supply module, and a water electrolysis hydrogen production module. The power supply module supplies power to the corresponding load components. The power generation module includes a photovoltaic power generation unit and a hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell includes a hydrogen tank for storing hydrogen. The hydrogen fuel cell uses the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank to generate electricity. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production module is stored in the hydrogen tank for use by the hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen transmission pipeline is used to connect the hydrogen tanks of different microgrid subsystems. When there is sufficient external sunlight, the photovoltaic power generation unit generates electricity and stores it in the energy storage module. The power supply module can provide the electricity from the energy storage module to the corresponding load components. When the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation is excessive (i.e., the energy storage module is close to full charge), the water electrolysis hydrogen production module can be activated to use the excess electricity from the photovoltaic power generation to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank.

[0021] A smart microgrid control system for substations, the method of using which includes the following steps: S1. Under normal circumstances, the station power supply provides power to all load components in the substation. The photovoltaic power generation unit converts light energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module. The water electrolysis hydrogen production module will not start if the energy storage module is not fully charged.

[0022] S2. When the energy storage module is fully charged and there is sufficient external light energy, the water electrolysis hydrogen production module starts up. It uses the excess electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to perform water electrolysis hydrogen production. The produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank, effectively solving the problem of wasted solar energy and using solar energy to produce green hydrogen.

[0023] S3. When the station power supply fails, the corresponding high-level power supply cluster will automatically supply power to the high-priority load components (i.e., critical load components); the low-priority load components (i.e., non-critical load components) will remain in a power-off state unless there are special circumstances, so that the power can be concentrated on the critical load components. For low-priority load components, when they receive an activation request, they are powered through the corresponding low-level power supply cluster. In existing technologies, when the station power supply fails, emergency power is typically used to provide emergency power to critical loads, while non-critical loads are shut down. Although this method maintains the operation of critical loads, it cannot adapt to dynamic demand. When some non-critical loads need to be activated urgently, they cannot be started smoothly due to the lack of power supply, thus affecting the operation of the power system. To address the above problems, this application divides the loads into different levels of load components according to their priority and sets up corresponding power supply clusters for load components of different priorities, realizing one-to-one power supply to load components. When the station power supply fails, it can not only ensure the continuous operation of critical loads, but also adapt to dynamic load demands and provide power to non-critical load components when necessary.

[0024] S4. When a microgrid subsystem a in a high-level power supply cluster experiences a power shortage, hydrogen from a low-level microgrid subsystem is transported to microgrid subsystem a via a hydrogen pipeline. Microgrid subsystem a generates electricity through hydrogen fuel cells to continuously supply power to the load components. The low-level microgrid subsystem must simultaneously meet the following conditions: 1. It belongs to the same cascade power supply network as microgrid subsystem a; 2. The corresponding load components are in a non-operating state. The aforementioned power shortage situation in microgrid subsystem a refers to the fact that the electrical energy in its energy storage module and the hydrogen in its hydrogen tank are nearly depleted, and there is insufficient sunlight, resulting in insufficient power for the entire microgrid subsystem a to continue supporting the operation of critical load components. Therefore, in order to ensure the continuous operation of critical loads, hydrogen from lower-level microgrid subsystems (where "lower-level" refers to a level lower than that of microgrid subsystem a) is transported to microgrid subsystem a, allowing the hydrogen fuel cells in microgrid subsystem a to continue operating and generating electrical energy. Combined with the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit, the two work together to continuously provide sufficient power for critical loads. The reasons why the low-level microgrid subsystem needs to meet the two conditions are as follows: Regarding condition one, since the hydrogen pipeline connects adjacent microgrid subsystems in the same cascade energy supply network, microgrid subsystems in different cascade energy supply networks cannot transfer hydrogen; Regarding condition two, since the low-level microgrid subsystem corresponds to non-critical load components, under normal circumstances, non-critical load components are in a non-operating state when the station power supply is cut off. However, there may be special circumstances where some non-critical loads need to be activated (as described in step S3). In this case, the corresponding low-level microgrid subsystem needs to provide power. Therefore, if the corresponding load component is in an operating state, this part of the low-level microgrid subsystem needs to ensure that it has sufficient power and should not transfer hydrogen to microgrid subsystem a. In addition, since there are multiple low-level microgrid subsystems in the same cascade power supply network, in step S4, hydrogen from one low-level microgrid subsystem is input into microgrid subsystem a at a time. When the remaining hydrogen content in one low-level microgrid subsystem is lower than the set value, hydrogen from another low-level microgrid subsystem is then supplied until the situation in step S5 occurs.

[0025] S5. When the remaining hydrogen content of the low-level microgrid subsystem that can supply hydrogen in the same cascade energy supply network is lower than the set value, start the water electrolysis hydrogen production module in the low-level microgrid subsystem, produce hydrogen by consuming the electrical energy in the energy storage module, and continue to transport the hydrogen to the microgrid subsystem a through the hydrogen pipeline. Similarly, only one water electrolysis hydrogen production module in a low-level microgrid subsystem needs to be started at a time. When its power is consumed to the set reserve value, another water electrolysis hydrogen production module in a low-level microgrid subsystem is started. Although the operation process of step S5 causes some energy loss, it effectively extends the operating time of key load components and further reduces the economic losses caused by the failure of key load components.

[0026] S6. When the energy storage module's power decreases to the set reserve value, shut down the corresponding water electrolysis hydrogen production module to save a certain amount of power to meet sudden activation needs.

[0027] The second implementation method: The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the hydrogen transmission pipeline between adjacent microgrid subsystems is changed from a single one to two. The hydrogen transmission method in the two pipelines is reversed. That is, one of the hydrogen transmission pipelines has the same purpose as in the first embodiment, allowing the first embodiment to be implemented normally. The other hydrogen transmission pipeline (hereinafter referred to as pipeline L) has the following functions: As described in step S3, low-priority load components (non-critical load components) may also be subject to emergency activation. When they receive an activation request, they are powered by the corresponding low-level power supply cluster. If the activation time is long, and a certain microgrid subsystem h has exhausted its own electrical energy and hydrogen, and the electrical energy and hydrogen of the lower-level microgrid subsystems in the same tiered power supply network have been used to their limits, in order to continue the operation of the non-critical load component, a microgrid subsystem with a higher priority and closest to the non-critical load component is selected, and its hydrogen is transported to the microgrid subsystem h through pipeline L, so that it can continuously supply power to the non-critical load component. The selected microgrid subsystem must meet the following conditions: the corresponding load component is in a non-operating state (the reason for which has been explained in the first embodiment).

[0028] Compared to the single hydrogen pipeline in the first embodiment, this embodiment sets up two hydrogen pipelines for reverse transmission. Although this increases the implementation cost, this embodiment not only achieves the hydrogen replenishment of the high-level microgrid subsystem as in the first embodiment, but also achieves the hydrogen replenishment of the low-level microgrid subsystem when necessary. This effectively extends the emergency activation duration of non-critical load components, makes it less likely to interrupt the emergency response process of non-critical load components, facilitates the operation of the power system, and effectively reduces economic equipment losses.

[0029] The third implementation method: This embodiment specifies the hydrogen transport pipeline in the first embodiment and makes it also have the functions of the two hydrogen transport pipelines in the second embodiment, that is, it can realize the reverse transmission of hydrogen. The rest of the structure remains the same as in the first embodiment. The specific structure of the hydrogen transport pipeline is as follows: Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 It includes an outer tube 1 and a hollow semi-circular tube 4 located inside the outer tube 1. Both ends of the outer tube 1 are fixedly connected to end posts 2. The outer end of the outer tube 1 is covered with a sensing optical fiber 3, which is spirally wound around the outer end of the outer tube 1.

[0030] Combination Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the upper and lower inner walls of the outer tube 1 are fixedly connected with partitions 5, and the hollow semi-ring tube 4 is rotatably connected between a pair of partitions 5. The hollow semi-ring tube 4 and the partitions 5 are in a surface contact and sealed state. The hollow semi-ring tube 4 can divide the inner space of the outer tube 1 into two unconnected spaces, left and right.

[0031] Please see Figures 7 to 9 The end post 2 has a first circular groove 201 near the outer tube 1. A second circular groove 202 is formed on the inner wall of the first circular groove 201 away from the outer tube 1. A third circular groove 203 is formed on the second circular groove 202 away from the inner wall of the outer tube 1. The outer diameter of the hollow semi-annular tube 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the first circular groove 201, and the end of the hollow semi-annular tube 4 is rotatably connected to the inside of the first circular groove 201. Large gears 10 are fixedly connected to both ends of the hollow semi-annular tube 4. The large gears 10 are located inside the second circular groove 202, and the two... There is a gap between them, which does not easily affect the rotation of the large gear 10. A rotating rod 8 is provided on the outer side of the end post 2. A small gear 9 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating rod 8. The small gear 9 meshes with the large gear 10. The end of the rotating rod 8 away from the small gear 9 is connected to the output end of the motor through a coupling. An opening slot 204 is opened on the outer end of the end post 2, and the opening slot 204 communicates with the second circular slot 202. The rotating rod 8 and the small gear 9 are located inside the opening slot 204, which does not easily obstruct the rotation of the rotating rod 8 and the small gear 9.

[0032] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 A first connecting pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the center of the end post 2. One end of the first connecting pipe 6 is fixedly connected through the end post 2 and communicates with the inside of the outer pipe 1. The outer pipe 1, the end post 2 and the hollow semi-ring pipe 4 are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow semi-ring pipe 4. The outer pipe 1 and the first connecting pipes 6 on both sides form a connected hydrogen flow channel, which can be used for the directional delivery of hydrogen. A second connecting pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the end of the end post 2 away from the outer pipe 1. One end of the second connecting pipe 7 extends to the inside of the third circular groove 203 and is fixedly connected to the hollow semi-ring pipe 4 with a flexible hose 11. The hollow semi-ring pipe 4, the flexible hose 11 and the second connecting pipe 7 form another connected hydrogen flow channel, which is also used for the directional delivery of hydrogen. The hydrogen is delivered in opposite directions in the two hydrogen flow channels. The flexible hose 11 is placed in a relaxed state inside the third circular groove 203. The flexible hose 11 can adapt to the 180° rotation process of the hollow semi-ring pipe 4.

[0033] A pair of sealing rings 401 are fixedly connected to the outer end of the hollow semi-ring tube 4, and the pair of sealing rings 401 are tightly fitted to the inner walls of the pair of first circular grooves 201 respectively. The sealing rings 401 can improve the sealing between the hollow semi-ring tube 4 and the first circular grooves 201, so that the hollow semi-ring tube 4 can effectively divide the internal space of the outer tube 1.

[0034] Please see Figure 10When performing steps S4 and S5, hydrogen needs to be transferred from the low-level microgrid subsystem to the high-level microgrid subsystem. At this time, a hydrogen flow channel is formed by the hollow semi-ring pipe 4, the hose 11, and the second connecting pipe 7. The hydrogen in the low-level microgrid subsystem is input into the second connecting pipe 7 through an electric conveying device (such as a conveying pump), and then through the hose 11, the hollow semi-ring pipe 4, and the hose 11 and the second connecting pipe 7 on the other side, and finally enters the hydrogen tank of the high-level microgrid subsystem. In the above process, the outer tube 1 has a non-contact wrapping effect on the hollow semi-ring tube 4. When the hollow semi-ring tube 4 leaks due to damage, the outer tube 1 plays a role in collecting the leaked hydrogen, making it difficult for the leaked hydrogen to directly enter the external environment, effectively reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage.

[0035] Please see Figure 11 When the reverse hydrogen transfer process in the second embodiment is required, i.e., when transferring hydrogen from the high-level microgrid subsystem to the low-level microgrid subsystem (where "high-level" and "low-level" refer to a comparison between the two, indicating a hierarchy), the hydrogen is transferred through the hydrogen flow channel formed by the outer pipe 1 and the first connecting pipe 6. The hydrogen from the high-level microgrid subsystem is input into the first connecting pipe 6 through another electrically powered transfer device (such as another transfer pump), and then passes through one side space inside the outer pipe 1 (i.e., Figure 10 The hydrogen from the G zone in the middle reaches the first connecting pipe 6 on the other side of the outer pipe 1, and then enters the hydrogen tank of the low-level microgrid subsystem through the first connecting pipe 6; In the above process, leakage monitoring of the outer tube 1 surface can be achieved through the sensing fiber optic cable 3. The sensing fiber optic cable 3 is electrically connected to a distributed fiber optic acoustic wave monitoring system. When hydrogen gas in area G overflows through the leak point on the surface of the outer tube 1, the acoustic wave signal generated at the leak point can be detected by the sensing fiber optic cable 3, and the location of the leak point can be calculated. At this time, on the one hand, a leak alarm is triggered by the distributed fiber optic acoustic wave monitoring system; on the other hand, to reduce subsequent hydrogen leakage, the hydrogen delivery process can be interrupted first, and then the rotating rod 8 is started. Through the transmission of the small gear 9 and the large gear 10, the hollow semi-annular tube 4 is rotated 180°. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, at this time, the hollow semi-annular tube 4 also divides the interior of the outer tube 1 into two non-connected spaces. The original space in region G is occupied by the hollow semi-annular tube 4 and is no longer used for hydrogen transmission. The original location of the hollow semi-annular tube 4 is now vacated. Figure 13 The R zone is connected to the first connecting pipe 6. When hydrogen continues to be transported, the hydrogen will flow along the R zone and will no longer flow through the leak location, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of further hydrogen leakage. Before on-site maintenance by personnel, reverse hydrogen transport can still be carried out.

[0036] Additional explanation: When hydrogen is transported through zone R, the sensing fiber optic cable 3 detects the leakage acoustic signal again, indicating that there is also a leakage point in the outer pipe 1 area corresponding to zone R. At this time, the reverse transport process of hydrogen by the outer pipe 1 should be stopped.

[0037] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A smart microgrid control system for substations, characterized in that: It includes multiple power supply clusters, each of which includes multiple microgrid subsystems. The multiple power supply clusters supply power to different load components. The multiple power supply clusters are divided into levels from high to low. The higher the level of the power supply cluster, the higher the priority of the load component it corresponds to. The level of the microgrid subsystem is the same as the level of the power supply cluster to which it belongs. One microgrid subsystem is selected from each power supply cluster, and multiple microgrid subsystems of different levels are combined to form a cascade energy supply network. Hydrogen pipelines connect adjacent levels of microgrid subsystems in the cascade energy supply network. The microgrid subsystem includes a power generation module, an energy storage module, a power supply module, and a water electrolysis hydrogen production module. The power supply module supplies power to the corresponding load components. The power generation module includes a photovoltaic power generation unit and a hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell includes a hydrogen tank for storing hydrogen. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production module is stored in the hydrogen tank. The hydrogen transmission pipeline is used to connect the hydrogen tanks of different microgrid subsystems.

2. The intelligent microgrid control system for substations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its usage includes the following steps: S1. Under normal circumstances, the station power supply provides power to all load components in the substation. The photovoltaic power generation unit converts light energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module. The water electrolysis hydrogen production module will not start if the energy storage module is not fully charged. S2. When the energy storage module is fully charged and there is sufficient external light energy, the water electrolysis hydrogen production module starts up, using the excess electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to perform water electrolysis hydrogen production operation, and the generated hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank. S3. When the station power supply fails, for high-priority load components, the corresponding high-level power supply cluster will automatically provide power. For low-priority load components, when they receive an activation request, they will be powered through the corresponding low-level power supply cluster. S4. When a microgrid subsystem a in a high-level power supply cluster experiences a power shortage, hydrogen from a low-level microgrid subsystem is transported to microgrid subsystem a via a hydrogen pipeline. Microgrid subsystem a generates electricity through hydrogen fuel cells to continuously supply power to the load components. The low-level microgrid subsystem must simultaneously meet the following conditions:

1. It belongs to the same cascade power supply network as microgrid subsystem a; 2. The corresponding load components are in a non-operating state. S5. When the remaining hydrogen content of the low-level microgrid subsystem that can supply hydrogen in the same cascade energy supply network is lower than the set value, start the water electrolysis hydrogen production module in the low-level microgrid subsystem, produce hydrogen by consuming the electrical energy in the energy storage module, and continue to transport the hydrogen to the microgrid subsystem a through the hydrogen pipeline. S6. When the energy storage module's power decreases to the set reserve value, shut down the corresponding water electrolysis hydrogen production module to save a certain amount of power to meet sudden activation needs.

3. The intelligent microgrid control system for substations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen transport pipeline includes an outer pipe (1) and a hollow semi-circular pipe (4) located inside the outer pipe (1). Both ends of the outer pipe (1) are fixedly connected to end posts (2). The outer end of the outer pipe (1) is covered with a sensing optical fiber (3), which is spirally wound around the outer end of the outer pipe (1).

4. The intelligent microgrid control system for substations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper and lower inner walls of the outer tube (1) are fixedly connected with partitions (5). The hollow semi-ring tube (4) is rotatably connected between a pair of partitions (5). The end post (2) near the outer tube (1) is provided with a first circular groove (201). The inner wall of the first circular groove (201) away from the outer tube (1) is provided with a second circular groove (202). The inner wall of the second circular groove (202) away from the outer tube (1) is provided with a third circular groove (203). The outer diameter of the hollow semi-ring tube (4) is the same as the inner diameter of the first circular groove (201), and the end of the hollow semi-ring tube (4) is rotatably connected to the inside of the first circular groove (201).

5. A substation intelligent microgrid control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the hollow semi-annular tube (4) are fixedly connected to a large gear (10). The large gear (10) is located inside the second circular groove (202). A rotating rod (8) is provided on the outside of the end column (2). A small gear (9) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating rod (8). The small gear (9) meshes with the large gear (10). The end of the rotating rod (8) away from the small gear (9) is connected to the output end of the motor through a coupling.

6. A substation intelligent microgrid control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer end of the end post (2) is provided with an opening groove (204), and the opening groove (204) is connected to the second circular groove (202). The rotating rod (8) and the pinion (9) are located inside the opening groove (204).

7. A substation intelligent microgrid control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center of the end post (2) is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe (6). One end of the first connecting pipe (6) is fixedly connected through the end post (2) and communicates with the inside of the outer tube (1). The outer tube (1), the end post (2) and the hollow semi-circular tube (4) are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the first connecting pipe (6) is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow semi-circular tube (4).

8. A substation intelligent microgrid control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the end post (2) away from the outer tube (1) is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe (7). One end of the second connecting pipe (7) extends to the inner side of the third circular groove (203) and is fixedly connected to a flexible hose (11) between it and the hollow semi-circular tube (4). The flexible hose (11) is placed in a relaxed state inside the third circular groove (203).

9. A substation intelligent microgrid control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer end of the hollow semi-circular tube (4) is fixedly connected with a pair of sealing rings (401), and the pair of sealing rings (401) are tightly fitted to the inner walls of a pair of first circular grooves (201).

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