Cooperative control method and device for optical storage and charging integrated intelligent micro-grid

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, and discloses a cooperative control device of a light storage and charging integrated intelligent micro-grid, which comprises an energy acquisition unit, an energy storage unit, a charging load unit, an edge control unit and a safety interaction unit, the energy acquisition unit is connected with a photovoltaic module through an MPPT controller and is used for efficiently capturing photovoltaic electric energy; the energy storage unit adopts a modular design, and each energy storage module is connected to a common DC bus through a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The photovoltaic output greatly reduces the photovoltaic light abandoning rate and improves the new energy consumption efficiency through a hierarchical response mechanism of preferential load supply and surplus electric energy storage in combination with precise matching of supply and demand by a joint prediction model; meanwhile, peak and valley electricity prices and carbon transaction data are integrated, electricity is stored in a low electricity price ebb and discharged in a high electricity price peak, power supply dependence in a high electricity price period of a power grid is reduced, economic benefits and carbon emission reduction targets are considered, and the method is suitable for cost optimization requirements of different scenes such as communities and parks.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy technology, in particular to a collaborative control method and device of a photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated intelligent microgrid. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of rapid development of new energy industry and popularization of electric vehicles, photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated intelligent microgrid has become an important carrier for integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage regulation and charging service, but it still faces multi-dimensional technical bottlenecks in practical application, and it is difficult to meet the efficient, stable and economic operation demand.

[0003] From the perspective of energy coordination and regulation, the existing microgrid mostly adopts "passive response" control, lacks precise prediction and dynamic matching mechanism for photovoltaic output (greatly fluctuating due to light and weather) and charging load (such as centralized demand of community in the evening, park during commuting period, and highway service area during holidays), and often appears contradictions such as serious photovoltaic light abandonment or insufficient power supply for charging load, and no priority allocation logic is established for different types of charging demand (emergency fast charging and regular slow charging), resulting in waste of power supply resources or failure to guarantee critical demand.

[0004] In terms of system operation stability, traditional devices mostly rely on centralized control architecture, and the delay of data transmission and instruction response is high (often more than 200ms), especially during grid-connected / off-grid mode switching, the DC bus voltage fluctuation is easy to exceed ±10%, resulting in interruption of charging pile operation; at the same time, the energy storage unit mostly adopts integral design, which is difficult to flexibly expand power according to load change, and is easy to shorten the overall life due to single module overload or uneven charging and discharging, and the safety protection only covers basic overvoltage and overcurrent, lacks rapid isolation capability for energy storage thermal runaway and branch fault, and has high fault risk.

[0005] From the perspective of economy and adaptability, the existing scheme does not fully combine market factors such as peak-valley electricity price and carbon trading to optimize operation strategy, and cannot balance new energy consumption and economic benefit; and the output parameters of charging load unit are fixed, which is difficult to adapt to the charging demand of electric vehicles with different power levels, and the application of edge computing technology also stays at the data collection level, without deep integration of prediction algorithm and local regulation, resulting in insufficient control precision and inability to meet the individualized operation demand of diversified scenes such as residential communities, industrial and commercial parks and highway service areas.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a collaborative control method and device of a photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated intelligent microgrid to solve the problem. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide a collaborative control method and device of a photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated intelligent microgrid, which solves the problems in the background technology.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme: a coordinated control device of a light storage and charging integrated intelligent microgrid, comprising an energy collection unit, an energy storage unit, a charging load unit, an edge control unit and a safety interaction unit; the energy collection unit is connected with a photovoltaic component through an MPPT controller, and is used for efficiently capturing photovoltaic power; the energy storage unit adopts a modular design, and each energy storage module is connected to a common DC bus through a bidirectional DC / DC converter, supports independent charging and discharging control and power expansion; the charging load unit comprises multiple types of charging piles, and is provided with an adjustable output module to adapt to different charging demands; the edge control unit integrates a prediction algorithm and a closed-loop control module, and collects photovoltaic output, energy storage SOC, charging load and grid parameters in real time, and generates a coordinated control instruction locally; the safety interaction unit integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection, island detection and thermal runaway early warning functions, and supports seamless switching between grid-connected mode and off-grid mode.

[0009] Preferably, the edge control unit is provided with a joint prediction model integrating meteorological data, historical load rules and energy storage states, and outputs photovoltaic output and charging load prediction results in future periods through a dynamic correction algorithm, and formulates a coordinated scheduling strategy of photovoltaic output distribution, energy storage charging and discharging and grid interaction based on prediction deviation.

[0010] Preferably, the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage unit adopts a hierarchical response mechanism: photovoltaic real-time output is used to preferentially meet current charging load, and surplus power is dynamically adjusted according to the remaining capacity of the energy storage; during a charging peak, energy storage discharge is called to supplement photovoltaic output gap, and when the energy storage SOC is lower than a preset threshold, grid auxiliary power supply is triggered to balance power supply reliability and energy storage cycle life.

[0011] Preferably, the charging load unit dynamically allocates power supply resources to emergency fast charging, regular slow charging, pre-ordered charging and other different types of loads through a priority weight allocation mechanism, wherein the priority of emergency fast charging is the highest, and the emergency fast charging is preferentially supplied by photovoltaic and energy storage combined power supply.

[0012] Preferably, the common DC bus is provided with a voltage stabilizing module and an anti-reverse diode to ensure that the bus voltage fluctuation is controlled within a preset range when switching between grid-connected mode and off-grid mode, and to ensure continuous and stable operation of the charging pile.

[0013] Preferably, the instruction transmission delay of the edge control unit does not exceed a preset threshold, and the rapidity of control response is realized through local edge computing to avoid the lag problem of centralized control.

[0014] Preferably, the safety interaction unit is further provided with a fault isolation module, which automatically cuts off the fault branch and switches the power supply path when detecting abnormal temperature of the energy storage battery, overvoltage of the bus or branch fault, and simultaneously sends an early warning signal to a remote monitoring platform.

[0015] Preferably, each modular energy storage module of the energy storage unit is balanced in charging and discharging power by an energy balancing algorithm, thereby avoiding overloading of a single module and prolonging the overall service life of the energy storage system.

[0016] The application also includes a coordinated control method for a photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated intelligent microgrid, which is applied to the device of any one of claims 1-8 and includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: collect photovoltaic module output data, energy storage system state parameters, charging load demand data, and power grid operation parameters;

[0018] Step 2: predict future photovoltaic output and charging load by a joint prediction model and dynamically correct prediction bias;

[0019] Step 3: based on the prediction results and a hierarchical response mechanism, develop a coordinated power supply strategy for photovoltaic generation-energy storage-grid and allocate the output of each unit;

[0020] Step 4: issue control instructions through an edge control unit to adjust photovoltaic output limits, energy storage charging and discharging power, and charging pile output parameters;

[0021] Step 5: monitor system operation in real time, trigger safety protection and path switching mechanisms when detecting parameter abnormalities or mode switching requirements, and ensure stable system operation.

[0022] The application provides a coordinated control method and device for a photovoltaic-storage-charging integrated intelligent microgrid.

[0023] 1. The hierarchical response mechanism of preferentially supplying load and storing surplus energy, combined with the joint prediction model for accurate matching of supply and demand, significantly reduces photovoltaic light waste and improves new energy consumption efficiency.

[0024] 2. Modular design of the energy storage unit and energy balancing algorithm to avoid overloading of a single module, prolong the overall service life, reduce the replacement and maintenance cost of the energy storage system, and reduce data transmission loss and centralized control cost through local calculation of the edge control unit, thereby further improving the economic efficiency of the microgrid operation.

[0025] 3. The voltage stabilization module of the common DC bus and the anti-reverse diode ensure controllable voltage fluctuation during seamless switching between grid-connected and off-grid modes, cooperate with the emergency fast charging load priority protection mechanism to avoid interruption of charging pile operation, meet the continuous charging needs of different users such as residents, park employees, and high-speed vehicle owners, and especially in the event of power grid failure, the off-grid mode can maintain key load power supply and improve power supply reliability.

[0026] 4. Multidimensional protection (overvoltage and overcurrent, thermal runaway warning, fault isolation) and real-time monitoring of the safety interaction unit can quickly identify and handle problems such as abnormal temperature of energy storage batteries and branch faults, cut off the fault path and switch to backup power supply, reduce system failure risk, and ensure long-term stable operation of the microgrid.

[0027] 5. The adjustable output module of the charging load unit can adapt to different specifications of copper wires similar to elastic strips, adapt to different types of needs such as slow charging, fast charging, and scheduled charging, and the priority weight allocation mechanism further meets special scenarios such as emergency energy supplement, and improves the adaptation ability to diversified power demand.

[0028] 6. The closed-loop regulation and dynamic correction prediction algorithm of the edge control unit adjusts the photovoltaic output, energy storage charging and discharging, and charging pile output parameters in real time, has low command transmission delay, avoids the problem of centralized control lag, ensures accurate landing of the coordination strategy, realizes efficient linkage of "source-storage-load", and solves the pain points of supply-demand imbalance and delayed response in traditional control mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a module structure schematic diagram of the cooperative control method and device of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging integrated intelligent microgrid of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and effects of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0031] The preferred embodiment of the cooperative control method and device of the photovoltaic energy storage and charging integrated intelligent microgrid provided by the present application is shown in Figure 1 .

[0032] Embodiment one: application embodiment of residential community photovoltaic energy storage and charging microgrid

[0033] I. Device configuration

[0034] Energy collection unit: equipped with 100kW distributed photovoltaic components, configured with high-efficiency MPPT controller, can track photovoltaic maximum power point in real time, improve photovoltaic energy capture efficiency, and adapt to community roof dispersed installation scene.

[0035] Energy storage unit: 3 groups of 100kW / 200kWh modular energy storage modules are used, connected to the common DC bus through bidirectional DC / DC converters. Each module supports independent charging and discharging control, and the number of modules in operation can be adjusted flexibly according to the community's electricity load.

[0036] Charging load unit: 8 conventional slow charging piles (7kW) and 2 emergency fast charging piles (60kW) are configured, all equipped with adjustable output modules. Slow charging piles meet the daily charging needs of residents, and fast charging piles respond to emergency energy supplement scenarios.

[0037] Edge control unit: deployed locally in the community power distribution room, integrated with joint prediction model and closed-loop control module, real-time collection of photovoltaic output, energy storage SOC, charging pile usage status, grid voltage, frequency and other parameters, instruction transmission delay control within 50ms.

[0038] Safety interaction unit: integrated with overvoltage and overcurrent protection, island detection, battery thermal runaway warning and fault isolation modules. When switching between grid-connected and off-grid modes, ensure that the DC bus voltage fluctuation does not exceed ±3%.

[0039] II. Control method execution process

[0040] Data collection stage: the edge control unit collects photovoltaic component output data, energy storage module SOC, charging demand of each charging pile (including charging power and estimated charging time), and real-time weather data every 5 minutes.

[0041] Prediction and correction stage: the joint prediction model combines historical resident charging load rules (such as charging peak at night on weekdays and all day on weekends) and real-time weather data to predict photovoltaic output and charging load for the next 12 hours. The prediction bias is dynamically corrected every hour based on the latest collected data.

[0042] Collaborative strategy development stage: adopts a hierarchical response mechanism, prioritizing photovoltaic real-time output to supply current slow charging pile load. When photovoltaic is abundant, dynamically adjust the charging power to 30%-70% of the remaining capacity of the energy storage module. During the charging peak (such as 18:00-22:00 in the evening), if the photovoltaic output is insufficient, first call the energy storage module to discharge to supplement, and when the energy storage SOC is lower than 20%, trigger the grid auxiliary power supply. At the same time, through the priority weight allocation mechanism, the emergency fast charging pile has the highest priority and is preferentially supplied by photovoltaic and energy storage.

[0043] Instruction issuance and adjustment stage: the edge control unit issues photovoltaic output limit instructions to the MPPT controller, charging and discharging power instructions to the energy storage module, and output parameter adjustment instructions to the charging pile based on the collaborative strategy, to ensure reasonable allocation of power supply resources.

[0044] Safety monitoring and switching stage: The safety interaction unit monitors the temperature of the energy storage battery, the DC bus voltage and the operation state of each branch in real time. When the temperature of the energy storage battery exceeds 40°C or the bus voltage is abnormal, the faulty branch is automatically cut off and the power supply path is switched, and a warning signal is sent to the community property remote monitoring platform.

[0045] Example two: Application example of industrial park light storage and charging microgrid

[0046] I. Device configuration

[0047] Energy harvesting unit: Install 500kW centralized photovoltaic array, matched with high-performance MPPT controller, which can adapt to the light conditions of open space in the park and maximize the amount of photovoltaic power captured.

[0048] Energy storage unit: composed of 8 groups of 200kW / 400kWh modular energy storage modules, connected to the common DC bus through bidirectional DC / DC converter, supporting parallel operation and power expansion, meeting the large-capacity energy storage demand of the park.

[0049] Charging load unit: configure 15 conventional slow charging piles (14kW) and 5 emergency fast charging piles (120kW), which can adapt to the charging needs of different types of electric vehicles such as employee commuting vehicles and logistics delivery vehicles in the park, and the adjustable output module supports flexible adjustment within the rated power range.

[0050] Edge control unit: use industrial-grade edge computing gateway, integrate more complex joint prediction model and benefit optimization model, instruction transmission delay does not exceed 80ms, can handle large capacity and high frequency data interaction.

[0051] Safety interaction unit: in addition to basic protection functions, strengthen the detection accuracy of island effect, configure multiple fault isolation mechanisms, ensure seamless switching between grid-connected and off-grid modes, and the charging pile runs continuously without interruption during switching process.

[0052] II. Control method execution process

[0053] Data acquisition stage: The edge control unit collects photovoltaic array output data, the operating state of each energy storage module (SOC, charging and discharging current, temperature), charging pile charging demand, park grid interaction power and carbon trading related data in real time.

[0054] Prediction and correction stage: The joint prediction model combines the work schedule of the park (such as frequent charging of logistics vehicles during the day and no load at night) and weather forecast data to predict photovoltaic output and charging load in the next 24 hours, and dynamically correct the prediction results every 30 minutes to reduce prediction error.

[0055] Cooperative strategy formulation stage: under the hierarchical response mechanism, photovoltaic real-time output preferentially supplies the charging piles and part of the office auxiliary load in the park; when photovoltaic is abundant, 40%-80% of the remaining capacity of the energy storage is used to charge the energy storage module; when there is a concentrated charging demand in the park (such as the period of 17:00-19:00 when the logistics vehicles return), and the photovoltaic output is insufficient, the energy storage is discharged first, and when the SOC of the energy storage is lower than 15%, the power grid is supplied. At the same time, the carbon trading coefficient and the peak-valley electricity price data are integrated, and the benefit optimization model actively stores the grid power in the low valley period (such as 0:00-6:00), preferentially releases the energy storage power in the peak period (such as 10:00-14:00 in the daytime and 17:00-19:00 in the evening), and maximizes the consumption of photovoltaic power, so as to realize the cooperation of economic benefits and carbon emission reduction benefits.

[0056] Instruction issuing and adjusting stage: the edge control unit issues instructions to each unit according to the strategy, such as adjusting the photovoltaic output to meet the charging and office load demand, controlling the charging and discharging power of the energy storage module to adapt to the peak-valley electricity price change, and adjusting the output parameters of the charging pile to match the vehicle charging demand.

[0057] Safety monitoring and switching stage: the safety interaction unit monitors the system operation state in real time, when detects a branch fault, quickly cuts off the fault branch and switches to the standby power supply path, ensures that the charging business and office auxiliary power in the park are not affected, and the warning signal is sent to the park energy management center at the same time.

[0058] Example three: application example of high-speed service area photovoltaic energy storage and charging micro-grid

[0059] I. Device configuration

[0060] Energy collection unit: 200kW distributed photovoltaic components are installed on the roof of the service area, equipped with MPPT controllers resistant to severe weather (such as strong winds and heavy rain), to ensure stable capture of photovoltaic power in the complex environment of the high-speed service area.

[0061] Energy storage unit: 5 groups of 150kW / 300kWh modular energy storage modules are used, which are connected to the common DC bus through bidirectional DC / DC converters, support fast charging and discharging, and adapt to the characteristics of high flow and concentrated charging demand of vehicles in the high-speed service area.

[0062] Charging load unit: 10 conventional slow charging piles (14kW) and 8 emergency fast charging piles (180kW) are configured to meet the fast energy supplement and long-time charging demand of passing vehicles, and the adjustable output module supports charging of electric vehicles with different power levels.

[0063] Edge control unit: deployed in the power distribution room of the service area, integrated with a lightweight joint prediction model and a fast response control module, the instruction transmission delay is controlled within 60ms, and it adapts to the scenario of random changes in vehicle charging demand in the high-speed service area.

[0064] Safety interaction unit: strengthen the thermal runaway warning function and emergency switching mechanism, the DC bus voltage fluctuation is controlled within ±4% during grid-connected / off-grid mode switching, to ensure uninterrupted power supply for charging piles during mode switching.

[0065] II. Control method execution flow

[0066] Data acquisition stage: the edge control unit collects real-time photovoltaic module output data, energy storage module SOC and temperature, the use state of each charging pile (whether there is a vehicle charging, charging power demand), power grid operation parameters and real-time traffic flow data (indirectly reflecting the charging demand potential).

[0067] Prediction and correction stage: the joint prediction model combines the historical charging load law of high-speed service area (such as holiday, peak traffic flow dense, charging demand surge), real-time traffic flow and weather data to predict the photovoltaic output and charging load in the next 6 hours, and correct the prediction results every 20 minutes according to the latest data.

[0068] Collaborative strategy development stage: under the hierarchical response mechanism, the real-time photovoltaic output is preferentially supplied to the standby load of slow charging piles and idle fast charging piles; when photovoltaic is abundant, the energy storage module is charged at 35%-75% of the remaining capacity; when there is concentrated fast charging demand (such as 11:00-13:00 at noon during holidays), the photovoltaic output is insufficient, the energy storage module is called to discharge quickly to supplement, and the power grid auxiliary power supply is triggered when the energy storage SOC is lower than 18%. In terms of priority allocation, the emergency fast charging pile has the highest priority to ensure that the passing vehicles can quickly supplement energy and travel smoothly.

[0069] Instruction issuing and adjustment stage: the edge control unit dynamically adjusts the operation parameters of each unit according to the real-time charging demand and the states of photovoltaic and energy storage, such as increasing the energy storage discharge power when fast charging piles are concentrated, increasing the energy storage charging power or providing more power supply resources for slow charging piles when photovoltaic output increases suddenly.

[0070] Safety monitoring and switching stage: the safety interaction unit monitors the temperature of the energy storage battery, the working state of the fast charging pile and the connection of the power grid in real time, and when the battery temperature exceeds 45℃ or the power grid fails suddenly, it immediately triggers the off-grid mode switching, guarantees the power supply of key fast charging piles by photovoltaic and energy storage, cuts off unnecessary load branches, sends warning signals to the remote monitoring platform of the highway management department, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the service area charging business.

[0071] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present application shall fall within the scope of the present application. It should be noted that the components of the present application are not limited to the above overall application, and the technical features described in the specification of the present application can be selected for single use or combined use, and therefore, the present application naturally covers other combinations and specific applications related to the present application.

Claims

1. A cooperative control device of a light storage and charging integrated intelligent microgrid, characterized in that, The energy collection unit, the energy storage unit, the charging load unit, the edge control unit and the safety interaction unit are included; the energy collection unit is connected with the photovoltaic module through the invented MPPT controller, and is used for efficiently capturing photovoltaic power; the energy storage unit adopts modular design, each energy storage module is connected to the common DC bus through the bidirectional invented DC / DC converter, and supports independent charging and discharging control and power expansion; the charging load unit includes multiple types of charging piles, and is configured with an adjustable output module to adapt to different charging demands; the edge control unit integrates a prediction algorithm and a closed-loop control module, and collects photovoltaic output, energy storage SOC, charging load and grid parameters in real time, and generates cooperative control instructions locally; the safety interaction unit integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection, island detection and thermal runaway early warning functions, and supports seamless switching between grid-connected and off-grid modes.

2. The cooperative control device of the integrated optical storage and charging intelligent micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The edge control unit is internally provided with a joint prediction model integrating meteorological data, historical load rules and energy storage state, which outputs the prediction results of photovoltaic output and charging load in the future period through a dynamic correction algorithm, and formulates a cooperative scheduling strategy for photovoltaic output distribution, energy storage charging and discharging and grid interaction based on prediction deviation. 3.The device for coordinated control of the integrated optical storage and charging smart micro-grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage unit adopts a hierarchical response mechanism: the photovoltaic real-time output is preferentially used to meet the current charging load, and the surplus power is dynamically adjusted according to the remaining capacity of the energy storage; during the charging peak, the energy storage is discharged to supplement the photovoltaic output gap first, and when the energy storage SOC is lower than the preset threshold, the grid auxiliary power supply is triggered to balance the power supply reliability and the energy storage cycle life.

4. The cooperative control device of the integrated optical storage and charging intelligent micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The charging load unit dynamically allocates power supply resources to different types of loads such as emergency fast charging, regular slow charging and scheduled charging through a priority weight allocation mechanism, wherein the emergency fast charging load has the highest priority and is preferentially supplied by photovoltaic and energy storage combined power supply.

5. The cooperative control device of the integrated optical storage and charging intelligent micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The common DC bus is configured with a voltage stabilizing module and an anti-reverse diode to ensure that the bus voltage fluctuation is controlled within a preset range during switching between grid-connected and off-grid modes, and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the charging pile.

6. The cooperative control device of the integrated optical storage and charging intelligent micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein, The instruction transmission delay of the edge control unit does not exceed the preset threshold, and the rapidness of control response is realized through local edge computing to avoid the lag problem of centralized control.

7. The cooperative control device of the integrated optical storage and charging intelligent micro-grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety interaction unit is also provided with a fault isolation module, which automatically cuts off the fault branch and switches the power supply path when detecting abnormal temperature of the energy storage battery, overvoltage of the bus or branch fault, and sends an early warning signal to the remote monitoring platform. 8.The device for coordinated control of the integrated optical storage and charging smart micro-grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each modular energy storage module of the energy storage unit realizes charging and discharging power balance allocation through an energy balance algorithm, avoids overload operation of a single module, and prolongs the overall service life of the energy storage system.

9. A method for cooperative control of a light storage and charging integrated intelligent microgrid, applied to the device of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: collecting photovoltaic module output data, energy storage system state parameters, charging load demand data and grid operation parameters; Step 2: predicting photovoltaic output and charging load in the future period through a joint prediction model and dynamically correcting prediction deviation; Step 3: based on the prediction results and the hierarchical response mechanism, formulating a cooperative power supply strategy for photovoltaic grid-connected / off-grid energy storage grid, and allocating the output of each unit. Step invention 4, the edge control unit issues control instructions to adjust the photovoltaic output limit, energy storage charging and discharging power, and charging pile output parameters; Step invention 5, real-time monitoring of system operation state, when detecting parameter abnormalities or mode switching requirements, triggering safety protection and path switching mechanism to ensure stable operation of the system.

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