A building integrated photovoltaic installation system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of installation systems of building integrated photovoltaics, the present application is by being provided with waterproof support assembly and horizontal guide rail, several photovoltaic units are slidably fixed on horizontal guide rail;Walking board is fixed between photovoltaic unit, personnel walking can be realized to realize the maintenance of photovoltaic unit;Photovoltaic panel is locked and positioned on the supporting plate by elastic bottom support, side baffle, pressing lock, and horizontal positioning assembly is arranged between adjacent brackets, and the horizontal movement of entire photovoltaic unit can be realized by artificial driving to realize the whole photovoltaic unit and the maintenance and maintenance and cleaning of roof by personnel, avoid the permanent damage caused by the building cannot be repaired;Photovoltaic panel arranged in the interior can be repaired or replaced flexibly, and the operation is simple;Waterproof and drainage design is realized, rainwater intrusion is reduced as far as possible, because the roof for installing photovoltaic panel is poor in moisture removal, this design can reduce the corrosion progress of roof, reduce the risk of house leakage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel installation, in particular to a photovoltaic building integrated installation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the installation of photovoltaic panels, the existing installation assembly format is basically uniform, and the support of the fixing part is realized through the support frame. The edge of the photovoltaic panel is fixed and pressed by the pressing plate on the fixing part. After pressing, multiple photovoltaic panels are laid horizontally to realize light collection and power generation.

[0003] In the above operation process, the arrangement structure of the existing flat laying method can obtain the maximum laying density in unit area, the laying speed is fast, and the construction efficiency is high, but it also has technical disadvantages, mainly reflected in: 1. The photovoltaic panel is usually fixed by laying and pressing, but after the photovoltaic panel is fixed, there is no gap for cleaning, and the interior cannot be cleaned. Birds and rodents are easy to nest on the top of the roof after the photovoltaic panel is assembled, and if it is not cleaned in time, it will cause permanent damage to the building; 2. The photovoltaic panel design of this flat laying structure cannot be maintained. If one of the photovoltaic panels is damaged due to external force, it is quite cumbersome to repair or replace the photovoltaic panel located in the innermost part; 3. The existing photovoltaic panel is fixed by vertical locking, and there is often a gap at the top joint after locking. This combined gap is the point of rainwater intrusion. Because the roof where the photovoltaic panel is installed has poor drainage, this design will increase the corrosion progress of the roof and increase the risk of water leakage of the house.

[0004] In view of the above technical disadvantages, in the actual working condition of the current photovoltaic panel installation format unification, it is necessary to design a photovoltaic panel installation assembly, which aims to improve the sealing and waterproofness of the roof, facilitate personnel to assemble the photovoltaic panel, and facilitate the maintenance or replacement of the photovoltaic panel in any area of the roof, so as to avoid the problems of water leakage and water seepage caused by the installation of photovoltaic panels. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application discloses a photovoltaic building integrated installation system, which directly fixes the waterproof support assembly with the internal rafter or purlin of the house, thereby improving the waterproofness of the roof and avoiding water penetration and seepage. In addition, the photovoltaic panel is modularly designed, and a walking area is provided between the plurality of modules. When the walking area is removed, the photovoltaic panel modules can be moved, and the repair and maintenance of the roof and each photovoltaic panel can be flexibly realized.

[0006] The photovoltaic building integrated installation system described above has the following structure:

[0007] It includes a waterproof support assembly and a transverse guide rail, the transverse guide rail is fixed with a plurality of photovoltaic units, and a walking plate is fixed between the photovoltaic units.

[0008] The bottom of the photovoltaic unit is provided with a plurality of guide wheel groups, the plurality of guide wheel groups collectively realize the support of a plurality of brackets, the bracket is composed of a supporting plate and a connecting rib, the bottom of the supporting plate is provided with an elastic bottom support, the side of the supporting plate is provided with a side baffle, the top of the supporting plate is provided with a top beam, and a pressing locker is arranged between the top beam and the photovoltaic plate, the pressing locker comprises two locking bases, a through hole is arranged in the locking base, a locking rod is arranged through the through hole, the locking rod is a stepped shaft, the end of the locking rod is provided with a clamping segment, the thin diameter segment of the locking rod is connected with an external positioning nut after passing through the through hole, a pulling part is further arranged on the locking rod, a locking spring is arranged between the clamping segment and the locking base, a positioning rod is arranged on the photovoltaic plate corresponding to the clamping segment, a guide end and a positioning part are arranged on the positioning rod, and the positioning part is matched with the clamping segment to realize locking positioning.

[0009] A transverse positioning assembly is arranged between the adjacent brackets, the transverse positioning assembly comprises a positioning column and a swing clamping piece, the swing clamping piece is hingedly fixed on a support rod, the side surface of the swing clamping piece is arranged in a V shape, the top of the swing clamping piece is a support segment and the support segment is overlapped on the support rod, a pulling rope is fixed on the support rod, the pulling rope is arranged between the support segment and the support rod, a guide hole is arranged on the upper part of the support rod in cooperation with the pulling rope, the pulling rope is connected with a pulling ring after penetrating through the guide hole, the support rod is fixed on a positioning plate, and a positioning column clamping area is arranged between the positioning plate and the swing clamping piece; when the pulling rope is loosened, the swing clamping piece naturally droops to clamp the positioning column between the positioning plate and the swing clamping piece; when the pulling rope is tightened, the swing clamping piece swings upward, and the positioning column can move in and out of the positioning column clamping area. The above structure is simple, has low failure rate, and will not have the problem of disability after years of use, so that the locking and loosening performance between the photovoltaic units is stable.

[0010] The guide wheel group comprises a top plate and a guide wheel vertical support plate, the guide wheel vertical support plate is provided with a guide wheel fixing rod, the guide wheel fixing rod is fixed with a guide wheel, and the guide wheel is matched with a transverse track for transverse support and transverse guidance.

[0011] The waterproof support assembly comprises a bottom support plate, the bottom support plate is provided with a bottom vertical plate, the bottom vertical plate is provided with a multidirectional bending plate, the top of the multidirectional bending plate is provided with a fixing hoop, and the transverse guide rail is fixed through the fixing hoop; the multidirectional bending plate and the fixing hoop are provided with a tile storage area; the bottom of the multidirectional bending plate is further provided with a tile support plate, and the tile support plate is attached to the top surface of the tile.

[0012] The bottom of the tile support plate is matched with the shape of the tile, which is used for seamless attachment with the tile.

[0013] The side of the support plate is provided with a side edge through slot, and a side edge baffle is arranged in the side edge through slot.

[0014] The elastic bottom support comprises a baffle, the bottom of the baffle is connected with a guide plate, the top surface of the support plate is provided with a guide groove, the end surface of the support plate is provided with an end plate, the end plate is fixed to the support plate, the inner side surface of the end plate is provided with a spring positioning part, and the spring positioning part and the guide plate are provided with a spring.

[0015] The T-shaped sealing strip is fixed between the adjacent photovoltaic units and between the walking plate and the photovoltaic unit.

[0016] The bottom of the photovoltaic unit is provided with a drainage groove through a waterproof support assembly, and the top surface or the side surface of the drainage groove is fixed with an outer edge water baffle.

[0017] The bottom of the walking plate is provided with a support, which is connected with the waterproof support assembly, and the walking plate is fixed through the waterproof support assembly.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages: the waterproof support assembly and the transverse guide rail are arranged, and a plurality of photovoltaic units are slidably fixed on the transverse guide rail; the walking plate is fixed between the photovoltaic units to realize personnel walking for maintenance of the photovoltaic units; the elastic bottom support, the side edge baffle and the pressing lock are arranged on the photovoltaic unit to realize locking and positioning of the photovoltaic panel on the support plate; the transverse positioning assembly is arranged between the adjacent brackets to realize transverse movement of the entire photovoltaic unit by artificial driving.

[0019] The present application can realize maintenance and cleaning of the photovoltaic unit and the roof, avoid permanent damage caused by the building that cannot be repaired, can flexibly repair or replace the photovoltaic panel arranged in the interior, is simple and easy to operate, realizes waterproof and drainage design, and reduces rainwater intrusion as much as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The present application is further illustrated below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application. Figure 2

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application. Figure 4

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application. Figure 7

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0033] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application.

[0034] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of the present application. ​​​

[0035] According to the drawings:

[0036] 1. Waterproof support assembly, 11, bottom support plate, 111, bottom vertical plate, 12, multi-directional bending plate, 121, bottom vertical section, 122, horizontal section, 123, upper vertical section, 124, top fixed section, 125, tile storage area, 13, tile support plate, 14, fixed hoop;

[0037] 2. Transverse guide rail, 20, guide wheel set, 21, top plate, 22, guide wheel vertical support plate, 23, guide wheel fixed rod, 24, guide wheel;

[0038] 3. Bracket, 31, support plate, 311, middle through slot, 312, side through slot, 32, connecting rib, 33, top cross beam, 34, positioning hole, 35, side baffle, 351, guide piece, 352, vertical plate, 353, pressing plate, 354, pressing block, 36, baffle, 361, guide plate, 37, end plate, 371, spring positioning column, 38, guide slot, 39, spring;

[0039] 4. Photovoltaic unit, 40, photovoltaic panel, 41, frame, 42, light collecting area, 43, T-shaped sealing strip;

[0040] 5. Walking plate, 51, support piece;

[0041] 6. Transverse positioning assembly, 61, positioning column fixed plate, 610, top plate I, 62, positioning plate, 621, top plate II, 63, positioning column, 64, support rod, 65, swing clamping piece, 651, support section, 66, locking screw, 67, pulling rope, 68, pulling ring;

[0042] 7. Pressing locker, 71, positioning rod, 711, vertical rod body, 712, positioning groove, 713, tapered guide end, 72, locking base I, 73, locking base II, 74, locking rod, 741, clamping section, 742, thin diameter threaded section, 75, locking spring, 76, locking rod pulling ring, 77, external positioning nut;

[0043] 8. Drainage channel, 81, channel body, 82, outer side, 83, water baffle fixed hole;

[0044] 9. Outer edge water baffle, 91, bottom fixed edge, 92, vertical bending plate, 93, top splash-proof plate; 10, purlin, 101, rafter, 102, tile, 103, elastic waterproof membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The application is further described below by embodiments, the following description is only an example, and those skilled in the art can make further improvements on the basis of the following description, and the protection scope of the photovoltaic building integrated installation system is limited by the scope of the claims.

[0046] Embodiment 1: a photovoltaic building integrated installation system, which has the following specific structure:

[0047] As shown in the drawings, it includes a waterproof support assembly 1 and a transverse rail 2, and a plurality of photovoltaic units 4 are fixed on the transverse rail; a walking plate 5 is fixed between the photovoltaic units 4, and the waterproof support assembly 1 is used for supporting and fixing the transverse rail 2 and the walking plate 5 respectively.

[0048] As shown in Figure 2 , 4 , 5, 6, 11, the waterproof support assembly 1 includes a bottom support plate 11, the bottom support plate 11 is provided with a bottom vertical plate 111, the bottom vertical plate 111 is provided with a multi-directional bending plate 12, the top of the multi-directional bending plate 12 is provided with a fixing hoop 14, and the fixing hoop 14 side threaded hole realizes the fixation of the transverse rail 2; the multi-directional bending plate 12 is composed of a plurality of bent plates, including a bottom vertical section 121, a horizontal section 122, an upper vertical section 123, and a top fixed section 124, wherein the bottom vertical section 121 is locked with the bottom vertical plate 111 and can be vertically adjusted, and the horizontal section 122 and the top fixed section 124 below the fixing hoop 14 form a tile storage area 125, the bottom of the multi-directional bending plate 12 is also provided with a tile support plate 13, and the tile support plate 13 is attached to the top surface of the tile 102. The purpose of setting the multi-directional bending plate 12 is to realize the avoidance of the tile 102, and in the installation, the bottom support plate 11 is fixed on the rafter 101 inside the roof, the rafter 101 is fixed on the purlin 10, and the higher layer of tiles 102 are stacked and fixed in the tile storage area 125; the bottom of the tile support plate 13 matches the shape of the tile 102, which is used for seamless attachment with the tile 102. The tile support plate 13 is also attached with an elastic waterproof film 103 as an elastic waterproof layer, the tile 102 is overlapped on the lower part of the tile support plate 13, and the tile support plate 13 and the elastic waterproof film 103 are attached to realize sealing extrusion and waterproof. The elastic waterproof film 103 is not flat, but only attached in the fixed area of the waterproof support assembly 1.

[0049] The above structure can set the support points of the transverse guide rail 2 and the walking plate 5 inside the tile 102, and realize the outward movement of the support connection points by cooperating the bottom support plate 11 with the multi-directional bending plate 12, and realize better waterproof sealing when moving outward. After the tile 102 is laid, the tiles 102 of the entire roof are laid flat to serve as the load-bearing base of the waterproof support assembly 1, and the stability of the load-bearing system composed of multiple waterproof support assemblies 1 is ensured.

[0050] In the embodiment, every four groups of photovoltaic units 4 form a photovoltaic module, and the left and right sides of each photovoltaic module are provided with walking plates 5. Through the structure design, external personnel can move on the walking plates 5 to realize long-distance cleaning of the top surface of the photovoltaic units 4.

[0051] The design focus of the present application is that it can realize the overall splitting of the photovoltaic module, each independent photovoltaic unit 4 can be individually transversely moved, and the photovoltaic panel in a certain photovoltaic unit 4 or the roof in a certain area can be maintained by transverse movement.

[0052] In order to realize the above functions, the present application innovates the following structure, the bottom of each photovoltaic unit 4 is provided with a plurality of guide wheel groups, such as Figure 9As shown, in the embodiment, each independent photovoltaic unit 4 is provided with a bracket 3, the bracket 3 is composed of two bracket plates 31 and two spaced connecting ribs 32, each bracket plate 31 is provided with two guide wheel sets 20 at the bottom, each bracket 3 is supported by four guide wheel sets 20, the guide wheel set 20 includes a top plate 21 and a guide wheel vertical support plate 22, and the top plate 21 and the guide wheel vertical support plate 22 are arranged by non-right angle bending, the guide wheel vertical support plate 22 is provided with a guide wheel fixing rod 23, the left and right ends of the guide wheel fixing rod 23 are fixed with guide wheels 24, the guide wheels 24 are matched with the transverse moving track 2, and are used for transverse support and transverse guide. Through external force, the photovoltaic unit 4 can be pushed to move transversely under the guidance of the transverse moving track 2, and through the transverse movement, a working gap can be formed between each adjacent two independent photovoltaic units 4, so as to realize the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel 40 or the roof. It should be pointed out that before the independent movement of the single photovoltaic unit 4, the walking plate 5 needs to be removed, so the walking plate 5 also needs to be designed to be detachable, and a plurality of waterproof support assemblies 1 are arranged on the roof in the same way, the support piece 51 is arranged at the top of the waterproof support assembly 1, and the support and fixation of the walking plate 5 are realized through the support piece 51. In the embodiment, the height of the multi-directional bending plate 12 of the waterproof support assembly 1 must be strictly controlled, and the purpose is to avoid interference when each photovoltaic unit 4 moves transversely. In the technical solution, the support piece 51 is connected with the waterproof support assembly 1, and the purpose is to reduce the design height of the waterproof support assembly 1, that is, to control the design height of the multi-directional bending plate 12, when the walking plate 5 is removed and the photovoltaic unit 4 is pushed to move transversely, the waterproof support assembly 1 will not interfere with the photovoltaic unit 4.

[0053] The present application can realize the free transverse movement of the photovoltaic unit 4, but the following problems need to be considered in the design, the photovoltaic unit 4 must be stable in the working state, that is, the photovoltaic module composed of a plurality of photovoltaic units 4 cannot be separated in disorder, and the present application is improved as follows, Figure 4 、 9 , as shown in 12, 13, 14, the transversely arranged brackets 3 are provided with a transverse positioning assembly 6, the transverse positioning assembly 6 includes a positioning column fixing plate 61 and a positioning plate 62, the top of the positioning column fixing plate 61 and the positioning plate 62 is respectively provided with a top plate I 610 and a top plate II 621 for fixing with the bottom of the adjacent photovoltaic unit 4; the positioning column fixing plate 61 is fixed with a positioning column 63, the positioning plate 62 is fixed with a support rod 64, and the support rod 64 is hingedly provided with a swing clamping piece 65, as Figure 13 、 14As shown, the swing clamping piece 65 is arranged in a V shape on the side, the top of the swing clamping piece 65 is a supporting section 651 which overlaps the supporting rod 64, a pulling rope 67 is fixed on the supporting rod 64 by a locking screw 66, the pulling rope 67 is arranged between the supporting section 651 and the supporting rod 64, a guide hole is arranged on the upper part of the supporting rod 64, the pulling rope 67 is connected with a pulling ring 68 after penetrating the guide hole. The pulling rope is usually made of soft steel cable.

[0054] Through the above structure, the positioning column fixing plate 61 and the positioning plate 62 are fixed at the bottom of different photovoltaic units 4 respectively. As shown in the figure, Figure 13 When the pulling rope is loosened, the swing clamping piece 65 naturally droops to clamp the positioning column 63 between the positioning plate 62 and the swing clamping piece 65, at this time, the butt joint locking of two adjacent photovoltaic units 4 is realized.

[0055] As shown in the figure, Figure 14 When the pulling rope 67 is tightened, the swing clamping piece 65 swings up, the positioning column 63 can move in and out of the positioning column clamping area, the loosening of the positioning column 63 in the positioning column clamping area is realized, and then the separation of two adjacent photovoltaic units 4 is realized.

[0056] The skilled in the art can set more than two groups of transverse positioning assemblies 6 at the bottom of each adjacent photovoltaic unit 4, and realize the pulling control through the long handle of the drag hook in operation, and then realize the transverse locking and loosening control of the adjacent photovoltaic units 4.

[0057] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, the transverse movement and positioning of the photovoltaic unit 4 are realized, the maintenance of the photovoltaic unit 4 or the photovoltaic panel in any area is realized, further, the assembly of the photovoltaic panel is further improved, the photovoltaic panel can be installed more quickly and stably, the specific structure and technical scheme are as follows: a top cross beam 33 is arranged at the top of the supporting plate 31, a pressing locker 7 is arranged between the top cross beam 33 and the photovoltaic panel, the assembly and limiting of the top photovoltaic panel 40 in the photovoltaic unit 4 are realized through the pressing locker 7; an elastic bottom support is arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate 31, the assembly and limiting of the bottom photovoltaic panel 40 in the photovoltaic unit 4 are realized through the elastic bottom support; a side edge baffle 35 is arranged at the side of the supporting plate 31, the extrusion and fixing of the side edge of the photovoltaic panel 40 are realized through the side edge baffle 35.

[0058] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 , 10As shown, the pressing lock 7 includes two locking bases, locking base I 72 and locking base II 73, both of which are provided with a through hole, and a locking rod 74 is arranged through the through hole. The locking rod 74 is a stepped shaft, and the end thereof is provided with a clamping segment 741. The thin diameter segment of the locking rod 74 is connected with an external positioning nut 77 after passing through the through hole. The locking rod 74 is further provided with a locking rod pulling ring 76 as a pulling part. The clamping segment 741 and the locking base II 73 are provided with a locking spring 75 corresponding to the clamping segment 741. The photovoltaic panel 40 is provided with a positioning rod 71, and the positioning rod 71 is provided with a tapered guide end 713 and a positioning part. The positioning part is designed as a groove or a hole. In this embodiment, a positioning groove 712 is adopted, and the positioning groove 712 cooperates with the clamping segment 741 to realize locking positioning. In the implementation of the above structure, in order to ensure the stability of the photovoltaic panel 40, the width of the frame 41 around the light collecting area 42 can be increased, and the positioning rod 71 is fixed on the frame 41. When assembling, the frame of the photovoltaic panel 40 is pressed, and the two locking bases I 72 and the locking base II 73 are designed on the side facing the inside of the photovoltaic panel 40, so that the locking force can be realized in the longitudinal direction.

[0059] In order to better realize the longitudinal adjustment of the assembly of multiple photovoltaic panels 40, the technical solution further provides an elastic bottom support at the bottom of the supporting plate 31, and the specific structure thereof is as shown in Figure 8 As shown, the elastic bottom support includes a baffle 36, and the bottom of the baffle 36 is connected with a guide plate 361. The top surface of the supporting plate 31 is provided with a guide groove 38, and the connecting point of the baffle 36 and the guide plate 361 is guided by avoiding the guide groove 38. The end surface of the supporting plate 31 is provided with an end plate 37, and the end plate 37 is locked and fixed to the supporting plate 31 by bolts and is integrated. The inner side surface of the end plate 37 is provided with a spring positioning column 371 as a spring positioning part, and the spring positioning column 371 and the guide plate 361 are provided with a spring 39 therebetween. This design can realize the up-down adjustment of the positioning rod 71 on the topmost photovoltaic panel 40 when the positioning rod 71 cooperates with the clamping segment 741 on the locking rod 74 through the through positioning hole 34, facilitates assembly, and realizes longitudinal extrusion positioning under the force of the spring 39 after assembly.

[0060] The above structure can realize the longitudinal positioning of the assembly of multiple photovoltaic panels 40. The technical solution further realizes the extrusion fixing of the side edge of the photovoltaic panel 40 through the side baffle 35. The specific structure is as shown in Figure 3As shown, the supporting plate 31 is provided with a profile, preferably an aluminum alloy profile, which is provided with a middle through groove 311 at the center, and side through grooves 312 on the left and right sides of the middle through groove 311, and the side blocking plates 35 are fixed through the side through grooves 312, the side blocking plates 35 include guiding pieces 351 at the bottom, the guiding pieces 351 are integrally connected with vertical plates 352 outside, the vertical plates 352 are provided with pressing plates 353 at the top, the pressing plates 353 are provided with locking screws 354 penetrating through, and the locking screws 354 are provided with pressing blocks 354 at the bottom, and the pressing blocks 354 are usually made of corrosion-resistant high polymer materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and the like. The vertical suspension force can realize double extrusion of the side and the top.

[0061] Through the cooperation of the pressing lock 7, the elastic bottom support and the side blocking plates 35, multiple extrusion and fixation of the horizontal, longitudinal and vertical areas can be realized, so that the installation of the photovoltaic panel is more rapid and stable.

[0062] In the embodiment 3, the sealing performance of the assembled photovoltaic unit 4 is further improved, and the specific improvement is that T-shaped sealing strips 43 are fixed between every adjacent photovoltaic unit 4 and between the walking plate 5 and the photovoltaic unit 4, and the top surface is extruded and sealed through the T-shaped sealing strips 43, so that the top surface water leakage is avoided to the greatest extent.

[0063] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the bottom of the photovoltaic unit 4 is provided with a drainage groove 8 through the waterproof support assembly 1, the drainage groove 8 includes a trapezoidal groove body 81, and the side of the groove body 81 is provided with an outer side 82, which can be understood as the edge of the groove body 81, and the drainage groove 8 can collect the water flowing down from the photovoltaic unit 4, but in actual use, if the rainfall is large, the water flowing down from the photovoltaic unit 4 will directly flow to the outside of the drainage groove 8, and the present technical solution is improved as follows: the outer side 82 is provided with a water blocking plate fixing hole 83, the outer edge water blocking plate 9 is fixed through the water blocking plate fixing hole 83, and the outer edge water blocking plate 9 is provided with a bottom fixing edge 91, a vertical bending plate 92 and a top splash-proof plate 93 bent towards the drainage groove 8. This structure can block and guide the rainwater flowing down from the photovoltaic unit 4 into the groove body 81 to realize external drainage.

[0064] Through the above structure, the erosion degree of the roof by rainwater can be reduced to a certain extent. Through the installation experience of photovoltaic products in China in recent years, the indoor and roof damp gas cannot be drained due to poor top surface ventilation after the installation of photovoltaic panels in civil houses, which can accelerate the roof damage speed. After the above improvement, the rainwater retention and accumulation on the roof can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the current roof view after the installation of the photovoltaic panel can be improved to a certain extent.

[0065] In summary, the present application can realize the maintenance and repair of the photovoltaic unit 4 and the roof in any area, avoid permanent damage of the outer top surface of the building due to the fact that the photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired after installation; the photovoltaic panel 40 arranged in the photovoltaic unit 4 can be repaired or replaced flexibly, and the operation is flexible and simple; the waterproof and drainage design can reduce the rainwater intrusion as much as possible, reduce the corrosion progress of the roof, and reduce the risk of house leakage, which is an ideal installation system of building integrated photovoltaic.

Claims

1. A building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) installation system, characterized in that: It includes a waterproof support assembly and a transverse guide rail, on which several photovoltaic units are fixed; a traveling plate is fixed between the photovoltaic units; The photovoltaic unit has several guide wheel groups at its bottom, which together support multiple brackets. Each bracket consists of a support plate and connecting ribs. The support plate has an elastic base and side baffles. A top beam is located at the top of the support plate, and a press-lock device is installed between the top beam and the photovoltaic panel. The press-lock device includes two locking bases with through holes. A locking rod passes through the through holes and is a stepped shaft with a locking section at its end. The thinner section of the locking rod passes through the through holes and connects to an external positioning nut. A pulling part is also provided on the locking rod. A locking spring is installed between the locking section and the locking base. Corresponding to the locking section, a positioning rod is installed on the photovoltaic panel. The positioning rod has a guide end and a positioning part, which cooperates with the locking section to achieve locking and positioning. A lateral positioning assembly is provided between adjacent brackets. The lateral positioning assembly includes a positioning post and a swinging clamp. The swinging clamp is hinged and fixed to the support rod. The side of the swinging clamp is V-shaped. The top of the swinging clamp is a support section that overlaps the support rod. A pull rope is fixed on the support rod and is located between the support section and the support rod. A guide hole is provided on the upper part of the support rod in conjunction with the pull rope. The pull rope passes through the guide hole and connects to the pull ring. The support rod is fixed to the positioning plate. The positioning post locking area is between the positioning plate and the swinging clamp. When the pull rope is relaxed, the swinging clamp hangs down naturally and locks the positioning post between the positioning plate and the swinging clamp. When the pull rope is taut, the swinging clamp swings upward, and the positioning post can move inside and outside the positioning post locking area.

2. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wheel assembly includes a top plate and a guide wheel vertical support plate. A guide wheel fixing rod is provided on the guide wheel vertical support plate, and a guide wheel is fixed on the guide wheel fixing rod. The guide wheel is matched with the transverse track.

3. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof support assembly includes a bottom support plate, a bottom vertical plate, a multi-directional bending plate, and a fixing hoop at the top of the multi-directional bending plate to fix the horizontal guide rail. A tile storage area is provided between the multi-directional bending plate and the fixing hoop. A tile support plate is also provided at the bottom of the multi-directional bending plate and is attached to the top surface of the tile.

4. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the tile support plate matches the shape of the tile.

5. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic waterproof layer is attached to the tile support plate.

6. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pallet is made of profile material, with a side through groove on its side and a side baffle inside the side through groove. The side baffle includes a bottom guide plate, which is connected to an external vertical plate. A pressure plate is provided at the top of the vertical plate, and a locking screw is provided through the pressure plate. A pressure block is provided at the bottom of the locking screw.

7. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic base includes a baffle, a guide plate connected to the bottom of the baffle, a guide groove provided on the top surface of the base, an end plate provided on the end surface of the base, the end plate being fixed to the base, a spring positioning part provided on the inner side of the end plate, and a spring provided between the spring positioning part and the guide plate.

8. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: T-shaped sealing strips are fixed between adjacent photovoltaic units and between the walking plate and the photovoltaic unit.

9. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the photovoltaic unit is supported by a waterproof support assembly to form a drainage channel, and an outer edge baffle is fixed on the top or side of the drainage channel.

10. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the walking board is provided with a support member, which is connected to the waterproof support assembly.

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