A high-temperature high-dust-containing flue gas purification device

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device, relating to the field of flue gas purification technology. The device includes an adjustable purification structure comprising multiple ceramic filter elements. SCR catalyst components are coated on the surface of each ceramic filter element. A swirling ammonia injection grille is installed at the inlet end of each ceramic filter element. An attitude adjustment mechanism is connected to the purification structure. A PLC control system is electrically connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism, which controls the ceramic filter elements of the purification structure to switch between vertical, inclined, and parallel settings. In the vertical setting, flue gas passes through the filter element in a straight line from top to bottom or bottom to top. In the inclined setting, flue gas passes through obliquely, forming a "Z"-shaped path. In the horizontal setting, flue gas flows laterally through the filter element, and particulate matter is deposited downwards under gravity. This invention solves the problem of low removal efficiency of fine particulate matter, achieving highly efficient purification of high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas, and is particularly suitable for treating high-emission flue gas under complex operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas purification technology, specifically to a high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device, which is particularly suitable for high-temperature flue gas purification systems in industries such as steel, cement, and power. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature, dusty flue gas is a common pollutant emitted during industrial production processes. It contains large amounts of dust, nitrogen oxides, and other harmful substances, posing serious threats to the environment and human health. Flue gas purification technology aims to remove these pollutants through physical or chemical methods to meet emission standards.

[0003] Currently, purification technologies for high-temperature, high-dust-laden flue gas mainly include electrostatic precipitators and bag filters. Electrostatic precipitators use a high-voltage electric field to charge particles before collection, but their removal efficiency for fine particles is relatively low. Bag filters use fiber filter bags, but they have poor temperature resistance and are easily damaged. Existing technologies, such as patent CN110465169A, use a combination of multiple devices to achieve simultaneous control of multiple pollutants, but their efficiency is insufficient when dealing with complex operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of low purification efficiency of high-temperature, high-dust-laden flue gas in existing technologies, and to provide a highly efficient, compact, and reliable high-temperature, high-dust-laden flue gas purification device. This device, through its adjustable purification structure, achieves optimal purification results according to the flue gas conditions, and is particularly suitable for flue gas treatment under complex operating conditions.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device, comprising:

[0007] Flue gas inlet, flue gas outlet, adjustable purification structure located between flue gas inlet and flue gas outlet, and PLC control system;

[0008] The adjustable-attitude purification structure includes a purification structure and an attitude adjustment mechanism.

[0009] The purification structure includes: multiple ceramic filter elements and a swirling ammonia injection grille; the surface of the ceramic filter elements is coated with SCR catalyst components; a swirling ammonia injection grille is set at the air inlet end of the ceramic filter elements, with the ammonia injection direction forming an angle of 10°~20° with the flue gas flow direction; the distance between the ammonia injection grille and the ceramic filter elements is 300~500mm to ensure that NH3 is uniformly diffused to the filter element surface; the spray holes of the ammonia injection grille adopt a tapered structure, with the hole diameter decreasing from the inside to the outside;

[0010] The posture adjustment mechanism is connected to the purification structure;

[0011] The PLC control system is electrically connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism. The PLC control system controls the attitude adjustment mechanism to drive the ceramic filter element of the purification structure to switch between three working attitudes: vertical, inclined, and parallel. Vertical setting means that the axis of the ceramic filter element is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the flue gas passes through the filter element in a straight line from top to bottom or bottom to top, forming a unidirectional laminar flow, so that the particulate matter is uniformly deposited on the surface of the filter element. Inclined setting means that the axis of the filter element is at an angle of 30° to 45° with the flue gas flow direction, and the flue gas passes through obliquely to form a "Z" shaped path, and the particulate matter slides to the lower end of the filter element. Horizontal setting means that the ceramic filter element is arranged horizontally, the flue gas flows horizontally through the filter element, and the particulate matter is deposited downward under the action of gravity, forming a gradient filter cake that is thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, the attitude adjustment mechanism includes an electric actuator and a linkage mechanism;

[0013] The power output end of the electric actuator is directly connected to the input end of the linkage mechanism via a hinge or flange; the output end of the linkage mechanism is fixedly connected to the support frame of the ceramic filter element via a rotatable pivot or ball joint, thereby converting the power of the electric actuator into the attitude adjustment action of the ceramic filter element.

[0014] Furthermore, the attitude adjustment mechanism also includes a position sensor installed on the rotating shaft of the linkage mechanism or the support frame of the ceramic filter element; the PLC control system is connected to the electric actuator and the position sensor of the attitude adjustment mechanism via a cable; the position sensor monitors the tilt angle of the ceramic filter element in real time and feeds the data back to the PLC control system; the PLC control system adjusts the action of the electric actuator, and the electric actuator drives the ceramic filter element to switch between three working postures through the linkage mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the electric actuator is a servo motor or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, the PLC control system includes a PLC controller, a flue gas temperature sensor, and a dust concentration sensor; the PLC controller controls the switching of the working posture based on the detection signals from the flue gas temperature sensor and the dust concentration sensor.

[0017] Furthermore, when the flue gas temperature exceeds 800℃ and the dust content is greater than 50g / Nm³ 3 When the flue gas temperature is 500-800℃ and the dust content is 10-50g / Nm³, the purification structure automatically switches to a vertical setting posture; 3 When the flue gas temperature is below 500℃ and the dust content is less than 10g / Nm³, the purification structure automatically switches to an inclined setting posture; 3 At that time, the purification structure automatically switches to a parallel setting posture.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a deflector plate, the installation angle of which can be automatically adjusted according to the posture changes of the purification structure to optimize airflow distribution.

[0019] Furthermore, the posture adjustment process of the purification structure is equipped with a buffer device to ensure smooth posture switching and avoid mechanical impact on the ceramic filter element.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a guide flue, which is connected between the purification structure and the flue gas outlet. It is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a smooth inner wall or an inlaid ceramic wear-resistant layer, and is used to buffer and equalize the purified flue gas.

[0021] The flue gas inlet adopts a horizontal downward air intake form, including an airflow distribution plate and guide vanes. The airflow distribution plate is provided with multiple evenly distributed ventilation holes, and the guide vanes are inclined at 30-45°.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a dust removal system, the dust removal system comprising:

[0023] The compressed air pulse device is configured to provide heated compressed air at 180-200℃ to the purification structure for periodic pulse cleaning.

[0024] Differential pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure difference change on both sides of the purification structure; PLC controller automatically controls the dust removal frequency and duration based on the detection signal of differential pressure sensor;

[0025] A dust hopper, located below the purification structure, is used to collect falling dust.

[0026] A rotary discharge valve is connected to the bottom of the ash hopper to achieve continuous and stable dust discharge.

[0027] The high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device provided by this invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This invention employs an adjustable purification structure, which can be vertically, inclined, or parallel depending on the temperature and dust content of the flue gas, achieving optimal purification results for flue gas under different operating conditions. When the purification structure is set perpendicular to the flue gas inlet direction, optimal purification is achieved, with a particulate matter removal rate as high as 99.9%; an inclined setting provides a general purification effect; and a parallel setting eliminates the need for purification. This adaptive adjustment method significantly improves the applicability and purification efficiency of the device.

[0029] 2. This invention solves the problem of poor temperature resistance of traditional filter bags by using a high-strength ceramic filter element. The ceramic filter element is made of aluminum silicate or silicon carbide, featuring high strength, high porosity, and low density. It can withstand temperatures up to 1200-1400℃, has good thermal shock resistance, is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, and has a long service life. Simultaneously, this invention achieves highly efficient synergistic purification of particulate matter filtration and NOx catalytic reduction by integrating an SCR catalyst onto the ceramic filter element and incorporating a cyclone ammonia injection system. Its cyclone ammonia injection technology, combined with a pulse backflushing design, effectively prevents clogging and optimizes ammonia distribution, significantly improving denitrification efficiency while reducing ammonia escape. The integrated structure greatly reduces equipment size, lowers system resistance and energy consumption, providing a compact and efficient solution for high-temperature, high-dust flue gas treatment.

[0030] 3. This invention solves the problem of low efficiency in traditional dust removal methods through an optimized dust removal system design. It employs periodic pulse dust removal with compressed air, which is heated to 180-200℃ before being injected, avoiding the adverse effects of cold air on the system. The dust removal process is automatically controlled by a PLC, precisely starting and stopping based on pressure difference changes, ensuring both effective dust removal and extending the filter cartridge's lifespan. The design of the dust hopper and discharge valve ensures continuous and stable dust emission.

[0031] 4. This invention optimizes airflow distribution and solves the problem of uneven flow field in traditional devices through the design of a guide flue and a horizontal downward air intake. The guide flue is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a smooth inner wall or an inlaid ceramic wear-resistant layer, which fully buffers the flue gas and makes the flow field more uniform. The horizontal downward air intake ensures the rationality of airflow distribution, keeping the dust concentration at the device outlet stable at 5-10 mg / Nm³. 3 The following figures are far below the emission standards.

[0032] 5. This invention achieves automated operation and optimized adjustment of the device through an intelligent control system. The PLC control system can automatically adjust parameters such as the purification structure posture and cleaning frequency according to flue gas parameters, ensuring that the device is always in optimal operating condition. Simultaneously, the system has remote monitoring and fault diagnosis functions, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the attitude adjustment mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the PLC control system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the dust removal system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a high-temperature, high-dust-laden flue gas purification device, including a guide flue and a guide plate, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device, including a flue gas inlet 1, a flue gas outlet 2, an adjustable purification mechanism 3 located between the flue gas inlet 1 and the flue gas outlet 2, and a PLC control system 6. Wherein:

[0043] The adjustable-posture purification mechanism 3 includes a purification structure 31 and a posture adjustment mechanism 32.

[0044] The purification structure 31 includes multiple ceramic filter elements made of high-temperature resistant aluminum silicate or silicon carbide materials, which have advantages such as high temperature resistance up to 1200℃, good chemical stability, and long service life. Simultaneously, SCR catalyst components are attached to the surface of the ceramic filter elements. The purification structure 31 also includes an ammonia injection system, with a swirling ammonia injection grille installed at the air inlet end of the ceramic filter elements. The ammonia injection direction forms a 10°~20° angle with the flue gas flow direction, ensuring thorough mixing of NH3 and flue gas. The distance between the ammonia injection grille and the ceramic filter elements is 300~500mm, ensuring uniform diffusion of NH3 to the filter element surface. The spray holes of the ammonia injection grille adopt a tapered structure, with the hole diameter decreasing from the inside to the outside to prevent dust blockage. Preferably, a static mixer is also installed between the ammonia injection grille and the ceramic filter elements, with spiral guide vanes arranged inside the mixer to ensure turbulent mixing of NH3 and flue gas before entering the filter elements. The ammonia injection grille is made of 310S stainless steel with a silicon carbide coating, with a temperature resistance of ≥500℃. It is equipped with a self-cleaning nitrogen backflush port, which automatically injects 0.5~0.8MPa nitrogen every 30 minutes to prevent nozzle clogging. The integrated structure of the ammonia injection system and the ceramic filter element adopts a modular design, and the ammonia injection grille and filter element can be disassembled and replaced as a whole for easy maintenance.

[0045] Preferably, in another embodiment, the posture adjustment process of the purification structure 31 is further provided with a buffer device 33, which adopts a hydraulic buffer or a spring shock absorber to ensure smooth posture switching and avoid mechanical impact on the ceramic filter element.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the attitude adjustment mechanism 32 is connected to the purification structure 31 and is used to drive the ceramic filter element to switch between different working postures. The attitude adjustment mechanism 32 includes an electric actuator 321 and a linkage mechanism 322. The electric actuator 321 can be a servo motor, with its power output end directly connected to the input end of the linkage mechanism 322 via a hinge. Alternatively, the electric actuator 321 can be a hydraulic cylinder, with its power output end directly connected to the input end of the linkage mechanism 322 via a flange or a rotatable pivot. The output end of the linkage mechanism 322 is fixedly connected to the support frame of the ceramic filter element via a rotatable ball joint, converting the power of the servo motor into the attitude adjustment action of the ceramic filter element. The attitude adjustment mechanism 32 also includes a position sensor 323 installed at the rotation axis of the linkage mechanism 322 for real-time monitoring of the tilt angle of the ceramic filter element.

[0047] The PLC control system 6 is connected to the servo motor 321 and position sensor 323 of the attitude adjustment mechanism 32 via cables. Figure 3As shown, the PLC control system 6 includes a PLC controller 61, a flue gas temperature sensor 62, and a dust concentration sensor 63. The PLC controller 61 controls the switching of the working posture based on the detection signals from the flue gas temperature sensor 62 and the dust concentration sensor 63. The PLC controller 61 is installed in the control cabinet of the purification unit, which is typically located on the equipment operating platform or in a location easily accessible for maintenance. The flue gas temperature sensor 62 is installed in the flue between the flue gas inlet 1 and the purification structure 3 to monitor the temperature of the flue gas entering the purification structure in real time. The dust concentration sensor 63 is also installed near the flue gas inlet 1, arranged alongside the temperature sensor to ensure the accuracy of the detection data. The flue gas temperature sensor 62 is connected to the analog input module of the PLC controller 61 via a shielded cable, and the dust concentration sensor 63 is connected to another analog input module of the PLC controller 61 via another shielded cable. The digital output module of the PLC controller 61 is connected to the electric actuator 321 of the posture adjustment mechanism 32 via a control cable. The drive signal lines and feedback signal lines of the servo motor / hydraulic cylinder are also connected to the PLC controller 611. Position sensor 323 is connected to PLC controller 61 via RS485 communication interface or 4-20mA signal line. The system can be equipped with HMI (Human Machine Interface) and communicate with PLC controller 61 via Ethernet or PROFIBUS.

[0048] Ceramic filter elements can be configured in three ways: vertical, inclined, and horizontal. Vertical configuration: The ceramic filter element's axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Flue gas passes through the filter element in a straight line from top to bottom or bottom to top, forming a unidirectional laminar flow, causing particulate matter to be uniformly deposited on the filter element surface. While this configuration results in uniform particulate matter deposition, it also leads to higher pressure loss (10%~15% higher than horizontal configuration). There is a greater risk of filter cake residue during backflushing. This configuration is suitable for low dust concentration, low flow rate, or space-constrained conditions.

[0049] Inclined setting: The filter element axis forms a 30°~45° angle with the flue gas flow direction, allowing the flue gas to pass through obliquely, forming a "Z"-shaped path, and particles slide towards the lower end of the filter element. It offers moderate pressure drop (8%~12% lower than vertical settings), balancing filtration efficiency (PM2.5 capture rate +10%~15%) with cleaning energy consumption (saving 10%~15%), making it suitable for high-temperature, high-dust, and catalytic reaction-requiring composite processes (such as denitrification).

[0050] Horizontal setup: The ceramic filter elements are arranged horizontally, with the flue gas flowing across the filter elements. Particulate matter is deposited downwards under gravity, forming a gradient filter cake that is thinner at the top and thicker at the bottom. This setup offers the lowest pressure loss (20%~30% lower than vertical setups), high dust removal efficiency, and requires a dust hopper design. It is suitable for high-flow-rate, high-dust-concentration applications.

[0051] When the flue gas temperature is higher than 800℃ and the dust content is greater than 50g / Nm 3At this time, the PLC control system 6 controls the attitude adjustment mechanism 32 to switch the purification structure 3 to a vertical setting attitude (the axial direction of the ceramic filter element is at a 90° angle to the flue gas flow direction). This attitude is suitable for high temperature and high dust conditions, which can prevent the filter element from being blocked due to excessive dust accumulation, and at the same time reduce the impact and wear of the filter element caused by high temperature.

[0052] When the flue gas temperature is between 800℃ and 500℃ and the dust content is 10 g / Nm³ 3 ~50g / Nm 3 When switching to the tilt setting (the axis of the ceramic filter element is at an angle of 30°~45° to the direction of flue gas flow), this setting can optimize filtration efficiency (PM2.5 capture rate increased by 10%~15%) and reduce pressure loss (reduced by 8%~12% compared to the vertical setting) under medium and high temperature and medium dust concentration conditions. It is especially suitable for composite processes that require catalytic reactions (such as SCR denitrification).

[0053] When the flue gas temperature is below 500℃ and the dust content is less than 10g / Nm 3 When switching to the horizontal setting (the ceramic filter element axis is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the flue gas flow direction is perpendicular to the filter element surface), this setting results in the lowest pressure loss under low temperature and low dust conditions (20%~30% lower than the vertical setting) and utilizes gravity-assisted dust removal, making it suitable for high-flow-rate flue gas treatment with low dust concentration.

[0054] In this embodiment, by employing an adjustable purification structure, the system can be set vertically, inclined, or parallel according to the temperature and dust content of the flue gas, achieving optimal purification results for flue gas under different operating conditions. When the purification structure is set perpendicular to the flue gas inlet direction, optimal purification results are achieved, with a particulate matter removal rate as high as 99.9%. An inclined setting achieves a general purification effect, while a parallel setting requires no purification. This adaptive adjustment method greatly improves the applicability and purification efficiency of the device. Simultaneously, this embodiment solves the problem of poor temperature resistance of traditional filter bags by using a high-strength ceramic filter element. The ceramic filter element is made of aluminum silicate or silicon carbide materials, featuring high strength, high porosity, and low density. It can withstand temperatures up to 1200-1400℃, has good thermal shock resistance, is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, and has a long service life. Furthermore, the surface of the ceramic filter element is coated with SCR catalyst components, achieving a synergistic purification effect of "dust and nitrogen integration," greatly simplifying the system structure and improving integration.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] In this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, the device further includes a dust removal system 4, such as... Figure 4As shown, the dust removal system 4 includes a compressed air pulse device 41, a differential pressure sensor 42, a dust hopper 43, and a rotary discharge valve 44. The compressed air pulse device 41 is configured to provide heated compressed air at 180°C or 200°C to the purification structure 3 for periodic pulse dust removal. The differential pressure sensor 42 is used to detect the pressure difference change across the purification structure 3. The PLC controller 61 automatically controls the dust removal frequency to once every 2 hours for a duration of 5 minutes based on the detection signal from the differential pressure sensor 42. Alternatively, the PLC controller 61 automatically controls the dust removal frequency to once every 1 hour for a duration of 3 minutes based on the detection signal from the differential pressure sensor 42. The dust hopper 43 is located below the purification structure 3 to collect the detached dust. The rotary discharge valve 44 is connected to the bottom of the dust hopper 43 to achieve continuous and stable dust discharge.

[0057] In this embodiment, the problem of low efficiency in traditional dust removal methods is solved through optimized dust removal system design. Periodic pulse dust removal using compressed air is employed; the compressed air is heated to 180-200℃ before being injected, avoiding the adverse effects of cold air on the system. The dust removal process is automatically controlled by a PLC, precisely starting and stopping based on pressure difference changes, ensuring both effective dust removal and extending the filter cartridge's lifespan. The design of the dust hopper and discharge valve ensures continuous and stable dust emission.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] In this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the device also includes a guide flue 5, which connects the purification structure 31 and the flue gas outlet 2. The guide flue 5 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a smooth inner wall, used to buffer and evenly distribute the purified flue gas. Alternatively, a ceramic wear-resistant layer can be embedded in the inner wall of the guide flue 5 for further buffering and even distribution of the purified flue gas.

[0060] The flue gas inlet 1 adopts a horizontal downward air intake form, including an airflow distribution plate 11 and a guide vane 12. The airflow distribution plate 11 is provided with multiple evenly distributed ventilation holes, and the guide vane 12 is set at a 30° angle.

[0061] In addition, the device also includes a baffle plate whose installation angle can be automatically adjusted according to the attitude of the purification structure 31 to optimize airflow distribution.

[0062] In this embodiment, the airflow distribution is optimized and the problem of uneven flow field in traditional devices is solved by designing a guide flue and a horizontal downward air intake. The guide flue is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a smooth inner wall or an inlaid ceramic wear-resistant layer, which allows the flue gas to be fully buffered and the flow field to be more uniform. The horizontal downward air intake ensures the rationality of the airflow distribution, keeping the dust concentration at the device outlet stable at 5-10 mg / Nm³. 3 The following figures are far below the emission standards.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device, characterized in that, include: Flue gas inlet (1), flue gas outlet (2), a purification structure (3) with adjustable posture located between flue gas inlet (1) and flue gas outlet (2), and a PLC control system (6); The adjustable posture purification structure (3) includes a purification structure (31) and a posture adjustment mechanism (32). The purification structure (31) includes: multiple ceramic filter elements and a swirl ammonia spray grid; The surface of the ceramic filter element is coated with SCR catalyst components; a swirl ammonia injection grille is set at the air inlet end of the ceramic filter element, with the ammonia injection direction forming an angle of 10°~20° with the flue gas flow direction; the distance between the ammonia injection grille and the ceramic filter element is 300~500mm to ensure that NH3 is uniformly diffused to the filter element surface; the injection holes of the ammonia injection grille adopt a tapered structure, with the hole diameter decreasing from the inside to the outside; The attitude adjustment mechanism (32) is connected to the purification structure (31); The PLC control system (6) is electrically connected to the attitude adjustment mechanism (32); the PLC control system (6) drives the ceramic filter element of the purification structure (31) to switch between three working attitudes: vertical setting, inclined setting, and parallel setting by controlling the attitude adjustment mechanism (32); vertical setting means that the axis of the ceramic filter element is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the flue gas passes through the filter element in a straight line from top to bottom or from bottom to top, forming a unidirectional laminar flow, so that the particulate matter is uniformly deposited on the surface of the filter element; inclined setting means that the axis of the filter element is at an angle of 30°~45° with the flue gas flow direction, and the flue gas passes through obliquely to form a "Z" shaped path, and the particulate matter slides to the lower end of the filter element; horizontal setting means that the ceramic filter element is arranged horizontally, the flue gas flows horizontally through the filter element, and the particulate matter is deposited downward under the action of gravity, forming a gradient filter cake that is thin at the top and thick at the bottom.

2. The flue gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The attitude adjustment mechanism (32) includes an electric actuator (321) and a linkage mechanism (322). The power output end of the electric actuator (321) is directly connected to the input end of the linkage mechanism (322) via a hinge or flange; the output end of the linkage mechanism (322) is fixedly connected to the support frame of the ceramic filter element via a rotatable pivot or ball joint, thereby converting the power of the electric actuator into the posture adjustment action of the ceramic filter element.

3. The flue gas purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The attitude adjustment mechanism (32) also includes a position sensor (323) installed on the rotating shaft of the linkage mechanism (322) or the support frame of the ceramic filter element; the PLC control system (6) is connected to the electric actuator (321) and the position sensor (323) of the attitude adjustment mechanism (32) via a cable; the position sensor (323) monitors the tilt angle of the ceramic filter element in real time and feeds the data back to the PLC control system (6); the PLC control system (6) adjusts the action of the electric actuator (321), and the electric actuator (321) drives the ceramic filter element to switch between three working postures through the linkage mechanism (322).

4. The flue gas purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electric actuator (321) is a servo motor or a hydraulic cylinder.

5. The flue gas purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The PLC control system (6) includes a PLC controller (61), a flue gas temperature sensor (62), and a dust concentration sensor (63); the PLC controller (61) controls the switching of working posture according to the detection signals of the flue gas temperature sensor (62) and the dust concentration sensor (63).

6. The flue gas purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the flue gas temperature is higher than 800℃ and the dust content is greater than 50g / Nm 3 When the flue gas temperature is 500-800℃ and the dust content is 10-50g / Nm³, the purification structure (3) automatically switches to a vertical setting posture; when ... 3 When the flue gas temperature is below 500℃ and the dust content is less than 10g / Nm³, the purification structure (3) automatically switches to an inclined setting posture; when the flue gas temperature is below 500℃ and the dust content is less than 10g / Nm³, the purification structure (3) automatically switches to an inclined setting posture. 3 At that time, the purification structure (3) automatically switches to a parallel setting posture.

7. The flue gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a baffle plate (7), the installation angle of which can be automatically adjusted according to the posture change of the purification structure (3) to optimize the airflow distribution.

8. The flue gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The posture adjustment process of the purification structure (3) is equipped with a buffer device (33) to ensure smooth posture switching and avoid mechanical impact on the ceramic filter element.

9. The high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes a guide flue (5), which is connected between the purification structure (3) and the flue gas outlet (2). It is made of high temperature resistant stainless steel and has a smooth inner wall or is inlaid with a ceramic wear-resistant layer (51) to buffer and equalize the purified flue gas. The flue gas inlet (1) adopts a horizontal downward air intake form, including an airflow distribution plate (11) and a guide vane (12). The airflow distribution plate (11) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed ventilation holes (111), and the guide vane (12) is inclined at 30-45°.

10. The high-temperature, high-dust-content flue gas purification device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a dust removal system (4), which includes: The compressed air pulse device (41) is configured to provide heated compressed air at 180-200°C to the purification structure (3) for periodic pulse cleaning; A differential pressure sensor (42) is used to detect the pressure difference change on both sides of the purification structure (3); a PLC controller (61) automatically controls the cleaning frequency and duration based on the detection signal of the differential pressure sensor (42); A dust hopper (43) is located below the purification structure (3) to collect the detached dust. A rotary discharge valve (44) is connected to the bottom of the ash hopper (43) to achieve continuous and stable dust discharge.

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