Dehumidification and heat exchange method and system for permafrost region roadbed and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering, and discloses a dehumidification and heat exchange method and system for a permafrost region roadbed and electronic equipment.The dehumidification and heat exchange method comprises the steps that a ventilation pipe is arranged in a roadbed structure, the porosity of the ventilation pipe is not smaller than 90%, the water permeation rate is larger than 1.0 L / (s.m), and the ventilation pipe is connected with a driving device; arranging a temperature and humidity monitoring unit in the roadbed; collecting temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculating to obtain a temperature difference delta T and a water potential difference delta psi of the roadbed and the environment; judging whether in a warm season, if in the warm season, judging whether a warm season starting condition delta T is greater than or equal to 3 DEG C or delta psi is greater than or equal to 30kPa is met, and if in a non-warm season, judging whether a non-warm season starting condition delta T is greater than or equal to 2 DEG C or delta psi is greater than or equal to 50kPa is met; and when the warm season starting condition or the non-warm season starting condition is met, the driving device is controlled to be started, and the ventilation pipe is made to operate. Uniform heat dissipation and dynamic ventilation are achieved through the ventilation pipes, the uniformity of a roadbed temperature field is remarkably improved, the active drainage function of the ventilation pipes is combined, local water accumulation is effectively eliminated, and the hidden danger of frost heaving and thaw collapse is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road engineering technology, and in particular to a dehumidification and heat exchange method, system and electronic equipment for roadbeds in permafrost regions. Background Technology

[0002] In permafrost regions, the active layer thaws in summer and refreezes in winter. The thickness of this active layer varies depending on geographical location, slope aspect, and vegetation cover, typically ranging from 0.5 meters to several meters. To ensure balanced development across different regions, roads need to be built in permafrost areas. However, against the backdrop of global warming and humidification, road engineering in permafrost regions faces severe challenges. In permafrost regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the average annual temperature rise rate reaches 0.33–0.44℃ / 10 ​​years, leading to a thickening of the active permafrost layer, melting of underground ice, and inducing frost heave, thaw settlement, and other problems, resulting in differential settlement of roadbeds exceeding 15%.

[0003] To address the impact of variations in the thickness of the active layer on the roadbed, dehumidification and heat exchange are necessary. Existing methods involve implementing insulation and heat-resistant measures (such as laying insulation boards), which are typically localized or targeted at specific depths. This makes it difficult to achieve uniform control of the internal temperature field of the roadbed and lacks proactive and dynamic temperature control methods. Alternatively, active cooling systems, such as heat pipes, can be installed inside the roadbed structure to locally cool the roadbed. However, their unidirectional cold source effect causes moisture to migrate to the cold end, forming ice lenses and exacerbating the risk of frost heave (e.g., the temperature difference between the sunny and shady slopes of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway reaches 4-6℃). Furthermore, the long-term operation of heat pipes can lead to an imbalance in the roadbed temperature field and longitudinal cracks. All of the above methods suffer from the problem of uneven temperature field.

[0004] The active layer melts in summer, and moisture accumulates in the roadbed structure. Existing drainage measures, such as drainage ditches, blind drains, and seepage pipes, are mainly aimed at quickly draining surface water and shallow groundwater. They have limited effect on regulating the existing, diffusely distributed, and unevenly distributed moisture field inside the roadbed, and may create new concentrated seepage channels due to poor drainage or improper installation. In addition, this method relies on gravity drainage, which is inefficient in regulating capillary water and poses a risk of blockage and freezing.

[0005] In summary, current methods for dehumidifying and heat-exchanging roadbeds passively address the input and output of moisture, or perform localized isolation and diversion, while lacking effective methods for actively and uniformly regulating the uneven humidity field already formed within the roadbed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem of uneven temperature and moisture fields inside the roadbed in existing roadbed control methods, and to provide a dehumidification and heat exchange method, system and electronic equipment for roadbeds in permafrost areas.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for dehumidification and heat exchange of roadbed in permafrost regions, comprising the following steps: Ventilation pipes are laid in the roadbed structure. The porosity of the ventilation pipes is not less than 90%, the water permeability is greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), and the ventilation pipes are connected to a driving device to drive air to flow in the pipes to achieve dynamic ventilation. Temperature and humidity monitoring units are installed inside the roadbed to monitor the temperature and humidity data inside the roadbed in real time; Collect temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculate the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment. Determine whether it is a warm season. If it is a warm season, determine whether the warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥3℃ or ΔΨ≥30kPa are met. If it is a non-warm season, determine whether the non-warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥2℃ or ΔΨ≥50kPa are met. When the warm season start-up conditions or the non-warm season start-up conditions are met, the control drive device is turned on to make the ventilation pipe run.

[0008] In the technical solution of this invention, the dehumidification and heat exchange method involves laying ventilation pipes in the roadbed structure. The ventilation pipes have a porosity of not less than 90% and a permeability greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), possessing high porosity and strong permeability. This high porosity and permeability enable the ventilation pipes to quickly introduce cold air from the outside into the roadbed and remove internal heat. This efficient heat dissipation and ventilation function is crucial for maintaining the frozen state of the permafrost. Temperature and humidity monitoring units are installed inside the roadbed to collect temperature and humidity data from both the roadbed and the environment. The temperature difference and water potential difference between the roadbed and the environment are calculated, and the activation of the ventilation pipes is determined based on the conditions. In the warm season, when the activation conditions ΔT ≥ 3℃ or ΔΨ ≥ 30 kPa are met, the ventilation pipes effectively reduce the internal temperature of the roadbed, preventing the permafrost from melting. In the non-warm season, when the activation conditions ΔT ≥ 2℃ or ΔΨ ≥ 50 kPa are met, the ventilation pipes operate to expel heat from the roadbed, preventing instability caused by excessively high permafrost temperatures. By using ventilation pipes for heat dissipation, ventilation, and drainage, the thermal environment and moisture balance inside the roadbed are effectively maintained, thereby improving the stability of the roadbed.

[0009] Through the above technical solutions, the uniformity of the roadbed temperature field is significantly improved by using ventilation ducts for uniform heat dissipation and dynamic ventilation strategies. Combined with the active drainage function of the ventilation ducts, localized moisture accumulation is effectively eliminated, avoiding the risks of frost heave and thaw settlement. Compared to traditional ventilation ducts that rely solely on sensible heat exchange with air, this patented permeable duct simultaneously discharges moisture during ventilation, utilizing the latent heat effect of moisture evaporation to significantly increase the total heat exchange of the system, achieving synergistic heat and moisture conduction and cooling, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of single sensible heat cooling. Furthermore, in this invention, the ventilation duct is activated based on temperature difference and water potential difference, with temperature difference and humidity difference serving as synergistic triggering conditions. Ventilation is preferentially activated during dry environments or periods of active frost heave, significantly extending the effective ventilation window throughout the year. This adapts to the needs of complex climate zones and solves the problem that existing ventilation systems rely on a single parameter of temperature difference for triggering, limiting their applicability in areas with small diurnal temperature differences or weak seasonal temperature fluctuations.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation duct is woven from stainless steel microfilaments and nylon fibers, and the outer layer of the ventilation duct is provided with a water-conducting material. The wall thickness of the ventilation duct is 3~10mm, the puncture resistance is ≥30N, and the evaporation efficiency is ≥80%. In the above technical solution, the stainless steel microfilaments serve as the skeleton, possessing high strength, corrosion resistance, and low-temperature resistance. The weaving of stainless steel microfilaments and nylon fibers enhances the mechanical properties of the ventilation duct and ensures its long-term stability in the harsh environment of permafrost regions.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stainless steel microwire has a diameter of 0.02~0.1 mm and a compressive strength ≥25kN / m. 2 Compressive strength ≥15MPa, freeze-thaw resistance ≥100 cycles.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nylon fiber is a nano-nylon fiber with a porosity greater than 90% and a water permeability of 1.2 L / (s·m), which can block soil particles with a particle size >0.03 mm.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water-conducting material has a water absorption rate of ≥500%, a water conduction rate of ≥10cm / s, a filtration accuracy of ≤0.02mm, a temperature resistance range of -70℃ to 100℃, a tear resistance of ≥12N / mm, and a biodegradability rate of ≥70% (10-year cycle).

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water permeability rate of the ventilation pipe is 1.0~1.5L / (s·m).

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit is arranged at the air inlet of the ventilation duct, the air outlet of the ventilation duct, the left and right shoulders, and below the center of the road surface.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the formula for calculating the water potential difference is:

[0018] The formula for calculating air water potential is:

[0019] The formula for calculating the water potential of the roadbed is:

[0020] In the formula Due to water potential difference, Where is the air water potential, R is the ideal gas constant, T1 is the ambient temperature, Mw is the molar mass of water, and RH is the relative humidity of the air. i The measured moisture content of the roadbed; θr Residual moisture content; θs This represents the saturated moisture content. α , n,m These are the characteristic parameters of the roadbed fill.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the warm season is from May to September each year, and the non-warm season is from October to April of the following year.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dehumidification and heat exchange method further includes: arranging temperature and humidity monitoring units at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct to collect temperature and humidity data at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct, and calculating the heat exchange capacity and dehumidification capacity. The formula for calculating the heat exchange capacity is:

[0023] The formula for calculating dehumidification capacity is:

[0024] In the formula r air density, V air volume flow rate c p For the heat capacity of air, h fg The latent heat of vaporization of water, ΔT a The temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct. ΔW a This refers to the humidity difference between the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention provides a dehumidification and heat exchange system for roadbeds in permafrost regions, the system comprising: A ventilation duct installation module is used to install ventilation ducts in the roadbed structure. The porosity of the ventilation duct is not less than 90%, the water permeability rate is greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), and the ventilation duct is connected to a driving device. The data acquisition and setup module is used to install temperature and humidity monitoring units inside the roadbed to monitor the temperature and humidity data inside the roadbed in real time. The calculation module is used to collect temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculate the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment. The start-up module is used to determine whether it is a warm season. If it is a warm season, it determines whether the warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥3℃ or ΔΨ≥30kPa are met. If it is a non-warm season, it determines whether the non-warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥2℃ or ΔΨ≥50kPa are met. When the warm season start-up conditions or the non-warm season start-up conditions are met, the control drive device is turned on to make the ventilation pipe run.

[0026] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions that are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbeds in permafrost regions.

[0027] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, at least one program, code set, or instruction set, wherein the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbeds in permafrost regions. By using ventilation pipes for uniform heat dissipation and dynamic ventilation, the uniformity of the roadbed temperature field is significantly improved. Combined with the active drainage function of the ventilation pipes, local moisture accumulation is effectively eliminated, avoiding the risks of frost heave and thaw settlement. This solves the problem that traditional active cooling measures are prone to causing sudden temperature changes and moisture accumulation near the cold source. During the ventilation process, the ventilation pipes simultaneously discharge moisture, utilizing the latent heat effect of moisture evaporation to significantly increase the total heat exchange of the system, achieving synergistic heat and moisture conduction cooling. This breaks through the efficiency bottleneck of existing ventilation pipes that rely solely on sensible heat exchange for cooling, achieving enhanced latent heat efficiency and upgraded cooling capacity.

[0029] 2. In the dehumidification and heat exchange method of the present invention, the ventilation pipe is activated based on temperature difference and water potential difference. Temperature difference and humidity difference are used as synergistic triggering conditions. Ventilation is preferentially activated during dry or active periods of frost heave. The ventilation window period can be flexibly extended, greatly extending the effective ventilation window period throughout the year. This adapts to the needs of complex climate zones and solves the problem that existing ventilation relies on a single parameter of temperature difference for triggering, which limits its applicability in areas with small diurnal temperature differences or weak seasonal temperature fluctuations.

[0030] 3. This invention organically integrates a heat and humidity synergistic regulation mechanism, latent heat enhancement and cooling upgrade, and dynamic triggering logic based on temperature and humidity differences to construct a heat and humidity management system for permafrost roadbeds. This system solves problems such as uneven temperature field, uncontrolled moisture migration, and limited ventilation opportunities, reducing temperature changes and moisture accumulation within the roadbed, thereby improving the overall stability of the roadbed. A stable roadbed can better withstand vehicle loads and extend the service life of the project. In practical engineering applications, it provides a reliable guarantee for the safe operation of transportation and energy infrastructure in high-altitude and cold regions, and has broad application prospects and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the ventilation pipes laid in the roadbed of a permafrost region.

[0032] Markings in the diagram: 1-Roadbed, 2-Road surface, 3-Ventilation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0035] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0037] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0038] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0039] Example 1 This embodiment describes a dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbeds in permafrost regions, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Ventilation pipes are laid in the roadbed structure. The porosity of the ventilation pipes is not less than 90%, the water permeability rate is greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), and the ventilation pipes are connected to a driving device. S2. Install temperature and humidity monitoring units inside the roadbed to monitor the temperature and humidity data inside the roadbed in real time; S3. Collect temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculate the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment. S4. Determine whether it is a warm season. If it is a warm season, determine whether the warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥3℃ or ΔΨ≥30kPa are met. If it is a non-warm season, determine whether the non-warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥2℃ or ΔΨ≥50kPa are met. When the warm season start-up conditions or the non-warm season start-up conditions are met, the control drive device is turned on to make the ventilation pipe run.

[0040] In some embodiments, the ventilation duct is woven from stainless steel microfilaments and nylon fibers. The outer layer of the duct is provided with a water-conducting material. The wall thickness of the ventilation duct is 3-10 mm, with a puncture resistance ≥30N and an evaporation efficiency ≥80%. The weaving of the stainless steel microfilaments and nylon fibers can be done using a twill weave. This weaving method gives the duct wall a certain degree of elasticity and resistance to deformation, adapting to various stress changes during roadbed construction and use, while maintaining good air and water permeability. Using a twill weave in the ventilation duct, with the stainless steel microfilaments as the skeleton, provides high strength, corrosion resistance, and low-temperature resistance. The weaving of stainless steel microfilaments and nylon fibers enhances the mechanical properties of the ventilation duct and ensures its long-term stability in harsh environments such as permafrost regions. For example, in low-temperature environments, ordinary materials may become brittle or damaged, while stainless steel microfilaments can effectively resist this effect.

[0041] The stainless steel microwires have a diameter of 0.02~0.1 mm and a compressive strength ≥25kN / m. 2 The compressive strength must be ≥15MPa, and the freeze-thaw resistance must be ≥100 cycles. The requirements for stainless steel microwires are: diameter 0.05 mm, compressive strength ≥25kN / m. 2 The ventilator has a compressive strength ≥15MPa and freeze-thaw cycle resistance ≥100 cycles. The nylon fiber is nano-nylon fiber with a porosity greater than 90% and a water permeability of 1.2L / (s·m). It can block soil particles larger than 0.03mm. Although the pores are large, the ventilator still has a certain filtering function, preventing fine particles from the roadbed from being carried into the ventilator by water flow, thus avoiding blockage. The water-conducting material has a water absorption rate ≥500%, a water conductivity ≥10cm / s, a filtration accuracy ≤0.02mm, a temperature resistance range of -70℃ to 100℃, a tear strength ≥12N / mm, and a biodegradability rate ≥70% (10-year cycle). The high porosity and strong water permeability of the ventilation ducts facilitate air circulation and heat dissipation, while also allowing water to drain. In roadbeds in permafrost regions, this design can effectively prevent heat accumulation and water freezing inside the roadbed, thereby reducing the risk of frost heave and thaw settlement.

[0042] Ventilation ducts in the roadbed can be arranged longitudinally or laterally, such as... Figure 2As shown, the roadbed 1 is topped by the pavement 2. Ventilation pipes 3 are buried 0.5-1.0m below the active layer of frozen soil in roadbed 1, with a horizontal spacing of 3-5m and a layer spacing of 2-3m when arranged vertically in layers. When the ventilation pipes are arranged longitudinally along the roadbed, they are placed at the bottom or middle of the roadbed. This arrangement allows cold air to flow along the length of the roadbed, dissipating heat evenly. For example, in some long-distance roadbeds in frozen soil areas, placing a ventilation pipe at regular intervals can effectively regulate the thermal environment of the entire roadbed. When the ventilation pipes are arranged transversely along the roadbed, they form a grid structure. This arrangement can better cover the entire cross-section of the roadbed, making heat dissipation and ventilation more uniform. For example, in some wide roadbeds, using transversely arranged ventilation pipes can prevent excessive temperature differences or moisture accumulation on both sides and in the middle of the roadbed.

[0043] In step S2, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit is installed at the air inlet of the ventilation duct, the air outlet of the ventilation duct, the left and right shoulders, and below the center of the road surface.

[0044] The method includes a control system embedded at key points in the roadbed. The control system is electrically connected to the temperature and humidity monitoring unit and the drive device. The temperature and humidity monitoring unit collects the temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and transmits it to the control system. The ambient temperature and humidity data are also easily collected and transmitted to the control system. The control system processes the temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the ambient temperature and humidity data. Specifically, the average value of all temperature and humidity sensors is taken for the temperature and humidity data of the roadbed. Then, the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment are calculated. Based on the calculation results, the start-up, shutdown and speed of the drive device are automatically adjusted to enhance heat dissipation in winter and reduce operation in summer.

[0045] The formula for calculating temperature difference is:

[0046] The formula for calculating water potential difference is:

[0047] The formula for calculating air water potential is:

[0048] The formula for calculating the water potential of the roadbed is:

[0049] In the formula Due to water potential difference, Where is the air water potential, R is the ideal gas constant, T1 is the ambient temperature, Mw is the molar mass of water, and RH is the relative humidity of the air. i The measured moisture content of the roadbed; θrResidual moisture content; θs This represents the saturated moisture content. α , n,m These are the characteristic parameters of the roadbed fill. The roadbed moisture content can be measured by sensors, while the residual moisture content, saturated moisture content, α, n, and m can be calculated using existing methods or obtained by consulting literature.

[0050] In some embodiments, it is also necessary to calculate and record the heat exchange and dehumidification of the ventilation duct. Temperature and humidity monitoring units are installed at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct to collect temperature and humidity data at the air inlet and outlet, calculate and record the heat exchange and dehumidification, and the formula for calculating the heat exchange is as follows:

[0051] The formula for calculating dehumidification capacity is:

[0052] In the formula r air density, V air volume flow rate c p For the heat capacity of air, h fg The latent heat of vaporization of water, ΔT a The temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct. ΔW a This refers to the humidity difference between the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct.

[0053] After one judgment cycle is completed, the judgment of the next cycle continues, and the ventilation time, temperature difference, water potential difference, heat exchange rate and dehumidification rate of the ventilation duct are recorded.

[0054] Installing ventilation pipes in roadbeds in permafrost regions, connected to a drive unit for dynamic ventilation, can effectively and actively cool or maintain stable roadbed temperatures. During the warm season, strong solar radiation can cause the roadbed's internal temperature to rise. When the warm season activation conditions ΔT ≥ 3℃ or ΔΨ ≥ 30 kPa are met, the drive unit activates, and the ventilation pipes begin operating, introducing cooler outside air into the roadbed. This airflow removes heat from the roadbed, preventing excessive temperature rise and permafrost thawing. The ventilation pipes also dissipate heat evenly, maintaining a relatively low internal temperature. Simultaneously, the perforations in the ventilation pipes drain moisture from the roadbed, reducing frost heave potential, and combined with drainage ditches, enhance overall drainage capacity. During the non-warm season, if moisture accumulates in the roadbed, when the non-warm season activation conditions ΔT ≥ 2℃ or ΔΨ ≥ 50 kPa are met, the drive unit activates, and the ventilation pipes begin operating. The permeability of the ventilation pipes allows this moisture to drain, reducing the damage caused by frost heave to the roadbed. Through the functions of heat dissipation, ventilation, and drainage, the ventilation pipes can maintain the frozen state of the permafrost. The stability of the permafrost is crucial to the bearing capacity of the roadbed and improves the stability of the roadbed.

[0055] Example 2 This embodiment uses the method of Embodiment 1 to dehumidify and heat exchange roadbeds in permafrost areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

[0056] The ventilation duct is woven from stainless steel microfilaments and nylon fibers, with an outer layer of water-conducting material. The stainless steel microfilaments have a diameter of 0.05 mm, the nano-nylon fibers are DSM™ Dyneema® NanoFiber 8020 with a diameter of 0.01 mm, and the water-conducting material is Freudenberg™ Evolon® 3D-TEX 500 with a thickness of 1.0 mm. The ventilation duct has an inner diameter of 100 mm, an outer diameter of 110 mm, and a total wall thickness of 5.0 mm, achieved through a combination of a stainless steel microfilament-nano-nylon composite mesh (4.0 mm) and the water-conducting material (1.0 mm). This design is suitable for permafrost subgrade engineering in extreme climates, balancing high strength, high permeability, and long-term durability. Flexible permeable joints are used as connection nodes between the ventilation ducts. These joints are existing structures and filled with silicone sealant. The drive unit is a fan, specifically a variable frequency axial flow fan with an air volume of 500-2000 m³ / h. 3 / h, wind pressure 500-1000Pa, adaptable to low temperature operation of -40℃.

[0057] One pair of temperature and humidity sensors, model DS18B20 (temperature) and HIH-4030 (humidity), are installed at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct to monitor changes in air temperature and humidity. The heat exchange and dehumidification rates are calculated based on the temperature and humidity differences. Simultaneously, a pair of temperature and humidity sensors (the same model as above) are installed every 0.75m below the center of the road surface on both sides of the roadbed, and the humidity sensor is a Decagon EC-5, to monitor changes in internal roadbed temperature and moisture migration. The sensors are calibrated and bound before installation, and performance tests are conducted before installation. Installation proceeds only after the tests are successful. The sensor performance is then verified using construction loads during the installation process.

[0058] All sensors transmit data to the control system in real time via RS485 bus or LoRa wireless transmission module. The control system (STM32 microcontroller) filters the data and removes outliers. Based on the climate characteristics of different seasons on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the temperature and dehumidification strategies of the ventilation ducts are dynamically adjusted to solve the efficiency decline problem caused by seasonal changes in traditional technologies. Specific seasonal parameters are dynamically adjusted as follows.

[0059] The calculated heat exchange and dehumidification amounts are stored in the control system. Staff members periodically copy the data or transmit it to the data terminal. The staff members conduct in-depth data mining and analysis of the heat exchange and dehumidification amounts to provide a basis for the institute's construction of road projects in permafrost areas.

[0060] By dynamically triggering ventilation opportunities based on humidity differences during the warm season (May-September): when the ambient water level is significantly lower than the roadbed (Δψ≥30 kPa), ventilation is initiated through the ducts, breaking through the traditional limitation of relying solely on temperature differences (ΔT≥3℃), adding an effective cooling window of 6 hours / day; simultaneously, the forced airflow through the ducts carries away moisture from the roadbed, utilizing latent heat of vaporization for direct cooling. The average annual ventilation duration during the warm season increases from the traditional 1,836 hours to 2,754 hours, an annual increase of 918 hours, and the total cooling capacity is increased by 30%~40%. (Assuming the air temperature is the same as the roadbed temperature after ventilation, humidity reaches saturation, the average air humidity during the warm season is approximately 50%, the inlet and outlet temperature difference is approximately 3℃, the latent heat of vaporization of water at low temperatures is approximately 2500 kJ / kg, and the cooling efficiency is increased by approximately 30%). This patent utilizes the potential difference in the water during the cool season (October-April) to extend the low-temperature cooling window: ventilation is triggered based on Δψ≥50 kPa, adding 6 hours / day of cooling time; rapid drainage through the permeable pipe suppresses latent heat of freezing (334 kJ / kg), reducing temperature rise by 0.5~1.0℃ and extending the duration of low-temperature heat dissipation. The average annual ventilation time during the cool season increases from the traditional 2,544 hours to 3,816 hours, an annual increase of 1,272 hours, and the overall cooling efficiency is improved by 20%~30%.

[0061] Example 3 This embodiment provides a dehumidification and heat exchange system for roadbeds in permafrost regions. The system includes: The ventilation duct installation module is used to lay ventilation ducts in the roadbed structure. The porosity of the ventilation duct is not less than 90%, the water permeability rate is greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), and the ventilation duct is connected to a drive device. The data acquisition and setup module is used to install temperature and humidity monitoring units inside the roadbed to monitor the temperature and humidity data inside the roadbed in real time. The calculation module is used to collect temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculate the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment. The start-up module is used to determine whether it is a warm season. If it is a warm season, it determines whether the warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥3℃ or ΔΨ≥30kPa are met. If it is a non-warm season, it determines whether the non-warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥2℃ or ΔΨ≥50kPa are met. When the warm season start-up conditions or the non-warm season start-up conditions are met, the control drive device is turned on to make the ventilation pipe run.

[0062] The systems or modules described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or physical entities, or by products with certain functions. For ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware, or a module that performs the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules, etc.

[0063] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, including at least one processor, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, and at least one input / output interface communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to perform a dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions as described in Embodiment 1 above. The input / output interface may include a display, keyboard, mouse, and USB interface for inputting and outputting data.

[0064] The electronic device can be an electronic device for the client, such as a mobile phone, laptop, tablet, desktop computer, etc., to perform the dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost areas of Example 1.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0066] When the integrated units of this invention are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, at least one program, code set, or instruction set, wherein the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set, or instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost areas.

[0068] A computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible device that holds and stores instructions for use by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any combination thereof.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dehumidifying and heat-exchanging roadbeds in permafrost regions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Ventilation pipes are laid in the roadbed structure. The porosity of the ventilation pipes is not less than 90%, the water permeability rate is greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), and the ventilation pipes are connected to a driving device. Temperature and humidity monitoring units are installed inside the roadbed; Collect temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculate the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment. Determine whether it is a warm season. If it is a warm season, determine whether the warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥3℃ or ΔΨ≥30kPa are met. If it is a non-warm season, determine whether the non-warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥2℃ or ΔΨ≥50kPa are met. When the warm season start-up conditions or the non-warm season start-up conditions are met, the control drive device is turned on to make the ventilation pipe run.

2. The dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation duct is woven from stainless steel microwires and nylon fibers. The outer layer of the ventilation duct is provided with water-conducting material. The wall thickness of the ventilation duct is 3~10mm, the puncture resistance is ≥30N, and the evaporation efficiency is ≥80%.

3. The dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stainless steel microwires have a diameter of 0.02~0.1 mm and a compressive strength ≥25kN / m. 2 Compressive strength ≥15MPa, freeze-thaw resistance ≥100 cycles; The nylon fiber is a nano-nylon fiber with a porosity greater than 90% and a water permeability of 1.2 L / (s·m), capable of blocking soil particles with a diameter >0.03 mm; the water-conducting material has a water absorption rate ≥500%, a water conductivity ≥10 cm / s, a filtration accuracy ≤0.02 mm, a temperature resistance range of -70℃ to 100℃, a tear strength ≥12 N / mm, and a biodegradability rate ≥70%.

4. The dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water permeability of the ventilation duct is 1.0~1.5L / (s·m).

5. The dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity monitoring unit is installed at the air inlet of the ventilation duct, the air outlet of the ventilation duct, the left and right shoulders, and below the center of the road surface.

6. A dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating water potential difference is: The formula for calculating air water potential is: The formula for calculating the water potential of the roadbed is: In the formula Due to water potential difference, Where is the air water potential, R is the ideal gas constant, T1 is the ambient temperature, Mw is the molar mass of water, and RH is the relative humidity of the air. θ The measured moisture content of the roadbed; θr Residual moisture content; θs This represents the saturated moisture content. α , n, m These are the characteristic parameters of the roadbed fill.

7. A dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The dehumidification and heat exchange method further includes: arranging temperature and humidity monitoring units at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct to collect temperature and humidity data at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct, and calculating the heat exchange capacity and dehumidification capacity. The calculation formula for the heat exchange capacity is: The formula for calculating dehumidification capacity is: In the formula ρ air density, V air volume flow rate c p For the heat capacity of air, h fg The latent heat of vaporization of water, ΔT a The temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct. ΔW a This refers to the humidity difference between the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation duct.

8. A dehumidification and heat exchange system for roadbeds in permafrost regions, characterized in that, The system includes: The system includes: A ventilation duct installation module is used to install ventilation ducts in the roadbed structure. The porosity of the ventilation duct is not less than 90%, the water permeability rate is greater than 1.0 L / (s·m), and the ventilation duct is connected to a driving device. The data acquisition and setup module is used to install temperature and humidity monitoring units inside the roadbed to monitor the temperature and humidity data inside the roadbed in real time. The calculation module is used to collect temperature and humidity data of the roadbed and the environment, and calculate the temperature difference ΔT and water potential difference ΔΨ between the roadbed and the environment. The start-up module is used to determine whether it is a warm season. If it is a warm season, it determines whether the warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥3℃ or ΔΨ≥30kPa are met. If it is a non-warm season, it determines whether the non-warm season start-up conditions ΔT≥2℃ or ΔΨ≥50kPa are met. When the warm season start-up conditions or the non-warm season start-up conditions are met, the control drive device is turned on to make the ventilation pipe run.

9. An electronic device comprising at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to said at least one processor; said memory storing instructions executable by said at least one processor, characterized in that, The instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set, characterized in that, The at least one instruction, the at least one program segment, the code set, or the instruction set are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the dehumidification and heat exchange method for roadbed in permafrost regions as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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