Installation and construction method for prefabricated external wall panel of underground station

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground station prefabricated external wall panel mounting construction method, and belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, the construction method is realized based on a multifunctional gantry crane, a panel turnover machine for overturning a prefabricated side wall and a multifunctional prefabricated side wall erector, and the construction method comprises the following steps: S1, the prefabricated side wall enters a site; s2, primary lifting is conducted, specifically, primary lifting of the prefabricated side wall is conducted through a multifunctional gantry crane, and the prefabricated side wall is lifted to a plate turnover machine used for turnover of the prefabricated side wall; s3, the prefabricated side wall is overturned, and the prefabricated side wall is adjusted to be vertically placed from being horizontally placed through a plate overturning machine used for overturning the prefabricated side wall; s4, secondary lifting is conducted, specifically, the vertically-placed prefabricated side walls are moved to the to-be-installed position through the multifunctional gantry crane; s5, the prefabricated side wall is finely adjusted, specifically, the prefabricated side wall is temporarily fixed through a multifunctional prefabricated side wall erector, and the multifunctional prefabricated side wall erector accurately determines the position and angle of the prefabricated side wall; s6, prefabricated side wall installation; s7, pouring the laminated wall; and S8, performing waterproof setting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular relates to a method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of underground stations for urban subways and rail transit, the traditional method for constructing side walls involves first erecting a full-span steel pipe formwork scaffold after casting a reinforced concrete base slab. This is followed by tying the reinforcing steel for the first layer of exterior wall panels, intermediate slabs, beams, and columns, then erecting the exterior wall side formwork, beam and column formwork, and floor slab bottom formwork, and finally pouring concrete symmetrically in layers. Next, a second layer of steel pipe formwork scaffolding is erected on the intermediate slab, and the reinforcing steel for the second layer of exterior wall panels, beams, columns, and top slab is tied. This is repeated, and the second layer of the main structure is then poured symmetrically in layers. This construction method involves a large workload for formwork erection and reinforcement tying, poor working conditions for workers, and low construction efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a construction method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations. By adopting a prefabricated single-sided exterior wall panel structure system for underground stations and using a complete set of mechanized installation processes, the problems of poor working conditions and low construction efficiency caused by the cast-in-place construction of exterior wall panels mentioned above can be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as poor working conditions and low construction efficiency, a method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations is provided to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the prefabricated exterior wall panel installation method for underground stations of the present invention is as follows: A construction method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in an underground station, the method being implemented using a multi-functional gantry crane, a flipping machine for rotating prefabricated sidewalls, and a multi-functional prefabricated sidewall assembly machine, and including the following steps: S1. Precast sidewalls arrive on site; S2. Initial lifting: The precast side wall is initially lifted using a multi-functional gantry crane and then hoisted onto a flipping machine for flipping the precast side wall. S3. Precast side wall flipping: The precast side wall is adjusted from a flat position to an upright position using a flipping machine for flipping the precast side wall; S4. Secondary lifting: The prefabricated sidewalls, which are placed vertically, are moved to the installation position using a multi-functional gantry crane. S5. Precast sidewall fine adjustment: The precast sidewall is temporarily fixed by a multi-functional precast sidewall assembly machine. The multi-functional precast sidewall assembly machine accurately determines the position and angle of the precast sidewall. S6. Precast sidewall installation; S7. Composite wall casting; S8, Waterproof design.

[0006] Furthermore, the multi-functional gantry crane includes a beam, with a V-shaped bracket installed at the bottom of the beam. The bottom of the V-shaped bracket has fixing nails that are fixed to the support position. A forward and reverse motor is installed at the bottom of the beam, and a connecting block is connected to the output end of the motor. A universal wheel is fixedly connected to the connecting block. The forward and reverse motor controls the rotation of the connecting block, thereby controlling whether the universal wheel contacts the ground or the support position. A suspension rail is installed on the beam, and a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the beam. The piston end of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is connected to the suspension rail, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the suspension rail. An electric hoist is installed on the suspension rail, and a hook is installed on the wire rope of the electric hoist.

[0007] Furthermore, including: In S1, the initial lifting is carried out using a dual-machine lifting method to lift the precast side wall. According to the position and mass distribution of the precast side wall, the positions of the two multi-functional gantry cranes are adjusted, the hooks of the two multi-functional gantry cranes are lowered, and the hooks are fixed to the precast side wall. Four symmetrical points are set on opposite sides of the precast side wall, and the four points are connected to the hooks. The lifting hooks move the precast side wall horizontally to the flipping machine used for flipping the precast side wall. In S4, the secondary lifting uses a two-point lifting method with two cranes to lift the precast side wall. The two hooks of the multi-functional gantry crane are fixed to the top of the precast side wall, and then the electric hoist installed on the lifting rail is controlled to move the precast side wall to the installation position.

[0008] Furthermore, the flipping machine for flipping precast sidewalls includes a flipping bed. The sides of the flipping bed are symmetrically provided with first hinge points for hinged to the ground or a support position. The sides of the flipping bed are symmetrically provided with second hinge points for connecting to a lifting cylinder. A hydraulic pump station is connected to the lifting cylinder to control its extension and retraction. A baffle is fixedly connected to the flipping bed and is positioned at the first hinge point. When the lifting cylinder rises, the flipping bed rotates around the first hinge point. The baffle abuts against the precast sidewall to achieve the flipping of the precast sidewall on the flipping bed.

[0009] Furthermore, including: In S3, the prefabricated sidewall is placed flat on the flip-up bed. The hydraulic pump station controls the extension of the lifting cylinder, which drives the flip-up bed to rotate around the first hinge point, thereby slowly adjusting the prefabricated sidewall from flat to 80 degrees vertical.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-functional prefabricated sidewall assembly machine includes a workbench, with two support rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench, and each support rod has a pad at its bottom; The workbench is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism, a second adjustment mechanism, and a third adjustment mechanism. The first adjustment mechanism is installed on the second adjustment mechanism. A first slide rod is horizontally arranged on the first adjustment mechanism. Two grippers are slidably connected to the first slide rod. The two grippers are used to clamp the precast side wall or precast steel pipe column and control the movement of the precast side wall or precast steel pipe column along the first slide rod. A first hydraulic cylinder is connected to each gripper. The output end of each first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a gripper, so that the two grippers move on the first slide rod through the first hydraulic cylinder. The second adjustment mechanism is installed on the third adjustment mechanism. The second adjustment mechanism includes a fixed frame, a first slide rod and a first hydraulic cylinder are both installed on the fixed frame, a mounting plate is hinged on the fixed frame, and a second hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the mounting plate. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed frame, so that the fixed frame can rotate around the mounting plate by the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic cylinder, thereby adjusting the angle of the first adjustment mechanism. The third adjustment mechanism includes a horizontally arranged second slide rod, with the first slide rod arranged perpendicularly to the second slide rod. The second slide rod is fixedly connected to the worktable and slidably connected to the mounting plate. A fixing block is fixedly connected to one end of the second slide rod, and the fixing block is fixedly connected to the worktable. A third hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixing block, and the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the mounting plate. Thus, by extending and retracting the third hydraulic cylinder, the mounting plate moves along the second slide rod, thereby adjusting the position of the second adjustment mechanism and thus realizing the position adjustment of the first adjustment mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, including: In S5, the gripper clamps the precast sidewall for temporary fixation. By driving any one or a combination of the first, second, and third hydraulic cylinders, the position of the precast sidewall is adjusted, thereby achieving precise determination of the position and angle of the precast sidewall.

[0012] Furthermore, in S6, the bottom of the precast sidewall is anchored to the lower structure through steel columns and steel cup sleeves, and the upper part of the precast sidewall is connected to the diaphragm wall through temporary tie rods. The temporary tie rods are used to adjust the verticality of the precast sidewall after the bottom of the precast sidewall is anchored.

[0013] Furthermore, in S7, after the precast sidewall is installed in place, the steel cage for the connection node of the precast sidewall is placed, and then the steel reinforcement at the wet joint is installed. All intersections of the precast wall's reserved steel reinforcement and the post-cast section's steel mesh are tied securely. The wet joint template adopts a tool-type fixed template, and the template is reliably connected to the structure by bolts or reserved holes.

[0014] Furthermore, in S8, 350mm of high crack resistance and low shrinkage concrete is poured at the overlapping part behind the precast side wall. The joint of the precast side wall is waterproofed by a combination of post-inserted steel cage, inflatable rubber strip, circular embedded compression sealing strip and polyurethane sealant. Then, waterproof membrane is laid on the whole.

[0015] The prefabricated exterior wall panel installation method for underground stations of the present invention has the following advantages: This invention reduces the difficulty and precision of prefabricated sidewall assembly, has a high degree of mechanization, reduces engineering safety risks and construction costs, and enables flexible and precise adjustment of the posture of sidewall components during hoisting and installation. It avoids problems such as damage to the components to be installed and the original structure of the project caused by component collisions, overturning of large hoisted components, and low component positioning accuracy, thereby improving project quality and construction efficiency and achieving significant economic, environmental and social benefits.

[0016] This invention utilizes a multi-functional gantry crane to achieve 360° rotation adjustment of the hoisted object during the hoisting process, avoiding steel supports to allow the beam to enter the assembly position, significantly improving the accuracy of component placement, hoisting safety, and efficiency.

[0017] This invention utilizes a multi-functional prefabricated sidewall assembly machine. The machine uses grippers to hold the prefabricated sidewall and performs micro-movements such as forward and backward, left and right, and slight tilting to position the prefabricated sidewall into the installation position. The verticality is adjusted by moving the pitch angle, thus achieving fine-tuning of the prefabricated sidewall.

[0018] This invention uses a flipping machine for flipping prefabricated sidewalls to adjust the prefabricated sidewalls from a flat position to an upright position, which reduces the difficulty of flipping components during the sidewall assembly process and improves the efficiency and accuracy of component flipping. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional gantry crane structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping machine structure for flipping prefabricated sidewalls according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional prefabricated sidewall assembly machine of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a single-sided wall structure of a prefabricated exterior wall panel for an underground station according to the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 100, precast side wall; 200, capping beam; 300, precast steel pipe column; 400, H-beam; 500, longitudinal beam; 600, cast-in-place base slab; 1-1. Beam; 1-2. V-shaped bracket; 1-3. Fixing nail; 1-4. Forward and reverse motor; 1-5. Connecting block; 1-6. Casters; 1-7. Suspension rail; 1-8. Electric hoist; 2-1. Flip-up bed; 2-2. First hinge point; 2-3. Second hinge point; 2-4. Baffle; 3-1. Workbench; 3-2. Support rod; 3-3. Pad; 3-4. First adjusting mechanism; 3-41. First slide rod; 3-42. Claw gripper; 3-43. First hydraulic cylinder; 3-5. Second adjusting mechanism; 3-51. Fixing frame; 3-52. Mounting plate; 3-53. Second hydraulic cylinder; 3-6. Third adjusting mechanism; 3-61. Second slide rod; 3-62. Fixing block; 3-63. Third hydraulic cylinder; 4-1. Inflatable rubber strip; 4-2. Circular embedded compression sealing strip; 4-3. Polyurethane sealant. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0023] The following is a reference to the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This invention describes the construction method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations.

[0024] The existing construction methods for underground stations involve a large workload, poor working conditions for workers, and low construction efficiency in the steps of setting up formwork and tying steel bars.

[0025] Therefore, this invention provides a method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the construction method is based on a multi-functional gantry crane, a flipping machine for rotating precast sidewalls, and a multi-functional precast sidewall assembly machine, and includes the following steps: S1. When the precast sidewall 100 arrives on site, clean the construction site to ensure that the site is flat and firm, set up drainage facilities, and rationally plan the storage area and construction operation area of ​​the precast sidewall 100. Transport the precast sidewall 100 to the bottom of the multi-functional gantry crane on site to facilitate the hoisting of the precast sidewall 100. S2. Initial lifting: The precast side wall 100 is initially lifted using a multi-functional gantry crane and hoisted onto a flipping machine for flipping the precast side wall. like Figure 2 As shown, the multi-functional gantry crane includes a beam 1-1, a V-shaped bracket 1-2 installed at the bottom of the beam 1-1, a fixing nail 1-3 fixed at the bottom of the V-shaped bracket 1-2 for fixing to the support position, a forward and reverse motor 1-4 installed at the bottom of the beam 1-1, a connecting block 1-5 connected to the output end of the forward and reverse motor 1-4, a universal wheel 1-6 fixedly connected to the connecting block 1-5, the forward and reverse motor 1-4 controls the rotation of the connecting block 1-5, thereby controlling whether the universal wheel 1-6 contacts the ground or the support position, a hanging rail 1-7 installed on the beam 1-1, a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure) installed inside the beam 1-1, the piston end of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hanging rail 1-7, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the hanging rail 1-7, an electric hoist 1-8 installed on the hanging rail 1-7, a hook (not shown in the figure) installed on the wire rope of the electric hoist 1-8, the hook is used to hook the precast side wall 100.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, taking a precast side wall 100 with a large volume as an example, the precast side wall 100 is initially lifted using a dual-machine lifting method. According to the position and mass distribution of the precast side wall 100, the positions of the two multi-functional gantry cranes are adjusted to ensure that the lifting load of a single machine does not exceed 80% of the allowable load. The hooks of the two multi-functional gantry cranes are lowered and fixed to the precast side wall 100. Four symmetrical points are set on opposite sides of the precast side wall 100, and the four points are connected to the hooks. The lifting hooks are used to move the precast side wall 100 horizontally onto the flipping machine used for flipping the precast side wall.

[0027] S3. The precast side wall 100 is flipped. The precast side wall 100 is adjusted from a flat position to an upright position by a flipping machine used for flipping the precast side wall. like Figure 3 As shown, the flipping machine for flipping precast sidewalls includes a flipping bed 2-1. A first hinge point 2-2 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the flipping bed 2-1, which is used to hinge with the ground or a support position. A second hinge point 2-3 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the flipping bed 2-1, which is used to connect with a lifting cylinder (not shown in the figure). A hydraulic pump station (not shown in the figure) is connected to the lifting cylinder to control its extension and retraction. A baffle 2-4 is fixedly connected to the flipping bed 2-1, and the baffle 2-4 is positioned at the first hinge point 2-2 of the flipping bed 2-1. Specifically, the baffle 2-4 is positioned on the opposite side of the first hinge point 2-2. When the lifting cylinder rises, the flipping bed 2-1 rotates around the first hinge point 2-2. The baffle 2-4 abuts against the precast sidewall 100 to achieve the flipping of the precast sidewall 100 on the flipping bed 2-1.

[0028] The prefabricated side wall 100 is placed flat on the flip bed 2-1. The lifting cylinder is extended by the hydraulic pump station, which drives the flip bed 2-1 to rotate around the first hinge point 2-2, thereby slowly adjusting the prefabricated side wall 100 from flat to 80 degrees vertical.

[0029] S4. Secondary lifting: The precast side wall 100, which is placed vertically, is moved to the installation position using a multi-functional gantry crane. The secondary lifting adopts a two-point lifting method with two cranes to lift the precast side wall 100. The two hooks of the multi-functional gantry crane are fixed to the top of the precast side wall 100, and then the electric hoists 1-8 installed on the lifting rails 1-7 are controlled to move the precast side wall 100 to the installation position.

[0030] Specifically, the precast side wall 100 is first moved horizontally to the position to be installed by the electric hoist 1-8 on the suspension rod 1-7. The electric hoist 1-8 is then controlled to lower the precast side wall 100 to the installation elevation position through the support gap. Finally, it is moved horizontally and finely adjusted to the installation position.

[0031] As a preferred option, a laser-triggered alarm device is installed on the lifting device of the multi-functional gantry crane. If the lifting device gets close to the steel support, the alarm will sound and the multi-functional gantry crane will automatically lock and stop.

[0032] S5. Pre-fabricated sidewall 100 fine adjustment: The pre-fabricated sidewall 100 is temporarily fixed by a multi-functional pre-fabricated sidewall assembly machine. The multi-functional pre-fabricated sidewall assembly machine accurately determines the position and angle of the pre-fabricated sidewall 100. like Figure 4 As shown, the multi-functional prefabricated sidewall assembly machine includes a workbench 3-1, and two support rods 3-2 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench 3-1. Each of the two support rods 3-2 is equipped with a pad 3-3 at the bottom. The workbench 3-1 is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism 3-4, a second adjustment mechanism 3-5, and a third adjustment mechanism 3-6. The first adjusting mechanism 3-4 is mounted on the second adjusting mechanism 3-5. A first sliding rod 3-41 is horizontally arranged on the first adjusting mechanism 3-4. Two grippers 3-42 are slidably connected to the first sliding rod 3-41. The two grippers 3-42 are used to clamp the precast side wall 100 or the precast steel pipe column 300 and control the movement of the precast side wall 100 or the precast steel pipe column 300 along the first sliding rod 3-41. A first hydraulic cylinder 3-43 is connected to each gripper 3-42. The output end of each first hydraulic cylinder 3-43 is connected to a gripper 3-42, so that the two grippers 3-42 move on the first sliding rod 3-41 through the first hydraulic cylinder 3-43. The second adjustment mechanism 3-5 is mounted on the third adjustment mechanism 3-6. The second adjustment mechanism 3-5 includes a fixed frame 3-51, a first slide rod 3-41 and a first hydraulic cylinder 3-43, both of which are mounted on the fixed frame 3-51. A mounting plate 3-52 is hinged to the fixed frame 3-51, and a second hydraulic cylinder 3-53 is hinged to the mounting plate 3-52. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 3-53 is hinged to the fixed frame 3-51, so that the fixed frame 3-51 can rotate around the mounting plate 3-52 by the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic cylinder 3-53, thereby adjusting the angle of the first adjustment mechanism 3-4. The third adjustment mechanism 3-6 includes a horizontally arranged second slide rod 3-61, a first slide rod 3-41 arranged perpendicularly to the second slide rod 3-61, the second slide rod 3-61 being fixedly connected to the workbench 3-1, and the second slide rod 3-61 being slidably connected to the mounting plate 3-52. A fixing block 3-62 is fixedly connected to one end of the second slide rod 3-61, and the fixing block 3-62 is fixedly connected to the workbench 3-1. A third hydraulic cylinder 3-63 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 3-62, and the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 3-63 is connected to the mounting plate 3-52. Thus, by extending and retracting the third hydraulic cylinder 3-63, the mounting plate 3-52 moves along the second slide rod 3-61, thereby adjusting the position of the second adjustment mechanism 3-5, and thus realizing the position adjustment of the first adjustment mechanism 3-4.

[0033] The gripper 3-42 clamps the precast side wall 100 for temporary fixation. By driving the first hydraulic cylinder 3-43, the second hydraulic cylinder 3-53 or the third hydraulic cylinder 3-63, the position of the precast side wall 100 is adjusted, so as to accurately determine the position and angle of the precast side wall 100, thereby significantly improving the installation accuracy and construction quality, ensuring construction safety, and playing a role in temporary fixation.

[0034] S6, Precast sidewall 100 installation; The bottom of the precast side wall 100 is anchored to the lower structure or cast-in-place base slab 600 through steel columns and steel cup sleeves. The upper part of the precast side wall 100 is connected to the diaphragm wall through temporary tie rods. The temporary tie rods are used to adjust the verticality of the precast side wall 100 after the bottom of the precast side wall 100 is anchored.

[0035] As a preferred option, after hoisting and positioning, the bottom joint of the precast side wall 100 should be checked. If the height difference of the bottom joint does not meet the design requirements, the component should be re-hoisted and adjusted using shims. When installing the precast side wall 100, the longitudinal verticality of the precast beam should be measured first using latitude and longitude. Under the premise of controlling the elevation, the wall base steel should be leveled. After the longitudinal verticality of the precast side wall 100 is adjusted, the temporary tie rod at the top of the wall should be welded and fixed. Two plumb lines should be fixed on the wall surface. The lateral verticality of the precast wall should be adjusted by adjusting the length of the temporary tie rods until the distance from the plumb line to the wall surface is equal. After the verticality of the precast side wall 100 is adjusted, the wall base steel and the cup mouth should be welded and fixed to ensure the stability and safety of the precast side wall 100. When installing the precast side wall 100, positioning pins should be used for positioning, and the surface should be leveled to ensure the installation accuracy of the precast side wall 100.

[0036] S7. Composite wall casting; After the precast side wall 100 is installed in place, the steel cage for the connection node of the precast side wall 100 is placed, and then the steel reinforcement at the wet joint is installed. All intersections of the precast wall reserved steel reinforcement and the post-cast section steel mesh are tied firmly. The wet joint formwork adopts tool-type fixed formwork, and the formwork is reliably connected to the structure by bolts or reserved holes.

[0037] S8, Waterproof design; 350mm of high-crack-resistant, low-shrinkage concrete is poured at the overlapping section behind the precast sidewall 100. Waterproofing of the precast sidewall 100 joints is achieved using a combination of post-inserted reinforcing cages, inflatable rubber strips 4-1, circular embedded compression sealing strips 4-2, and polyurethane sealant 4-3. Afterward, waterproof membrane is applied to the entire structure. Figure 5 As shown, the prefabricated sidewall 100 joints are provided with an inflatable rubber strip 4-1 and a circular embedded compression sealing strip 4-2 from the inside to the outside, and are sealed with polyurethane sealant 4-3.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 6As shown, the precast exterior wall consists of several precast side walls 100 and precast steel pipe columns 300, which are lapped together by positioning pins and ring reinforcement bars for easy and rapid assembly and high-precision positioning. The precast side walls 100 are connected to the cast-in-place base slab 600 by steel cups and steel sections; the precast side walls 100 are connected to the central longitudinal beam 500 and the top slab by positioning pins and steel rings; the bottom of the precast side walls 100 is anchored to the lower structure or the cast-in-place base slab 600 by steel columns and steel cup sleeves, forming a fixed lower part and a fixed upper part. The structural system is connected to the diaphragm wall by temporary tie rods. High-strength bolts are pre-embedded at the column bases of the cast-in-place base slab 600. The high-strength bolts are connected to the precast steel pipe columns 300. The precast steel pipe columns 300 are connected to the central longitudinal beams 500 by H-beams 400. A capping beam 200 is set on the top slab. After the precast side wall 100 is installed, it can be fixed by temporary tie rods set at the top to adjust the verticality of the precast side wall 100. The bottom is firmly welded to the cup mouth.

[0039] This invention reduces the difficulty and accuracy of assembling prefabricated sidewalls, has a high degree of mechanization, reduces engineering safety risks and construction costs, and enables flexible and precise adjustment of the posture of sidewall components during hoisting and installation. It avoids problems such as damage to the components to be installed and the original structure of the project caused by component collisions, overturning of large hoisted components, and low component positioning accuracy, thereby improving project quality and construction efficiency and achieving significant economic, environmental and social benefits.

[0040] This invention utilizes a multi-functional gantry crane to achieve 360° rotation adjustment of the hoisted object during the hoisting process, avoiding steel supports to allow the beam to enter the assembly position, significantly improving the accuracy of component placement, hoisting safety, and efficiency.

[0041] This invention uses a multi-functional prefabricated sidewall assembly machine. The grippers 3-42 clamp the prefabricated sidewall 100 and move it forward, backward, left, right, and slightly tilted to put the prefabricated sidewall 100 into the installation position. The verticality is adjusted by moving the pitch angle to achieve fine adjustment of the prefabricated sidewall 100.

[0042] This invention uses a flipping machine for flipping prefabricated sidewalls to adjust the prefabricated sidewall 100 from a flat position to an upright position, which reduces the difficulty of flipping components during the sidewall assembly process and improves the efficiency and accuracy of component flipping.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in an underground station, characterized in that, The construction method is based on a multi-functional gantry crane, a flipping machine for rotating precast side walls, and a multi-functional precast side wall assembly machine, and includes the following steps: S1. Precast sidewalls arrive on site; S2. Initial lifting: The precast side wall is initially lifted using a multi-functional gantry crane and then hoisted onto a flipping machine for flipping the precast side wall. S3. Precast side wall flipping: The precast side wall is adjusted from a flat position to an upright position using a flipping machine for flipping the precast side wall; S4. Secondary lifting: The prefabricated sidewalls, which are placed vertically, are moved to the installation position using a multi-functional gantry crane. S5. Precast sidewall fine adjustment: The precast sidewall is temporarily fixed by a multi-functional precast sidewall assembly machine. The multi-functional precast sidewall assembly machine accurately determines the position and angle of the precast sidewall. S6. Precast sidewall installation; S7. Composite wall casting; S8, Waterproof design.

2. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-functional gantry crane includes a beam, with a V-shaped bracket installed at the bottom of the beam. The bottom of the V-shaped bracket has fixing nails for securing to the support position. A forward / reverse motor is installed at the bottom of the beam, and the output end of the motor is connected to a connecting block. A universal wheel is fixedly connected to the connecting block. The forward / reverse motor controls the rotation of the connecting block, thereby controlling whether the universal wheel contacts the ground or the support position. A suspension rail is installed on the beam, and a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the beam. The piston end of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is connected to the suspension rail, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the suspension rail. An electric hoist is installed on the suspension rail, and a hook is attached to the wire rope of the electric hoist.

3. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 2, characterized in that, include: In S1, the initial lifting is carried out using a dual-machine lifting method to lift the precast side wall. According to the position and mass distribution of the precast side wall, the positions of the two multi-functional gantry cranes are adjusted, the hooks of the two multi-functional gantry cranes are lowered, and the hooks are fixed to the precast side wall. Four symmetrical points are set on opposite sides of the precast side wall, and the four points are connected to the hooks. The lifting hooks move the precast side wall horizontally to the flipping machine used for flipping the precast side wall. In S4, the secondary lifting uses a two-point lifting method with two cranes to lift the precast side wall. The two hooks of the multi-functional gantry crane are fixed to the top of the precast side wall, and then the electric hoist installed on the lifting rail is controlled to move the precast side wall to the installation position.

4. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flipping machine for flipping precast sidewalls includes a flipping bed. A first hinge point is symmetrically arranged on the side of the flipping bed for hinged connection to the ground or a support position. A second hinge point is symmetrically arranged on the side of the flipping bed for connection to a lifting cylinder. A hydraulic pump station is connected to the lifting cylinder to control its extension and retraction. A baffle is fixedly connected to the flipping bed, positioned at the first hinge point. When the lifting cylinder rises, the flipping bed rotates around the first hinge point. The baffle abuts against the precast sidewall to achieve the flipping of the precast sidewall on the flipping bed.

5. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, include: In S3, the prefabricated sidewall is placed flat on the flip-up bed. The hydraulic pump station controls the extension of the lifting cylinder, which drives the flip-up bed to rotate around the first hinge point, thereby slowly adjusting the prefabricated sidewall from flat to 80 degrees vertical.

6. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-functional precast sidewall assembly machine includes a workbench, with two support rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench, and each support rod has a pad at its bottom. The workbench is equipped with a first adjustment mechanism, a second adjustment mechanism, and a third adjustment mechanism. The first adjustment mechanism is installed on the second adjustment mechanism. A first slide rod is horizontally arranged on the first adjustment mechanism. Two grippers are slidably connected to the first slide rod. The two grippers are used to clamp the precast side wall or precast steel pipe column and control the movement of the precast side wall or precast steel pipe column along the first slide rod. A first hydraulic cylinder is connected to each gripper. The output end of each first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a gripper, so that the two grippers move on the first slide rod through the first hydraulic cylinder. The second adjustment mechanism is installed on the third adjustment mechanism. The second adjustment mechanism includes a fixed frame, a first slide rod and a first hydraulic cylinder are both installed on the fixed frame, a mounting plate is hinged on the fixed frame, and a second hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the mounting plate. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed frame, so that the fixed frame can rotate around the mounting plate by the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic cylinder, thereby adjusting the angle of the first adjustment mechanism. The third adjustment mechanism includes a horizontally arranged second slide rod, with the first slide rod arranged perpendicularly to the second slide rod. The second slide rod is fixedly connected to the worktable and slidably connected to the mounting plate. A fixing block is fixedly connected to one end of the second slide rod, and the fixing block is fixedly connected to the worktable. A third hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixing block, and the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the mounting plate. Thus, by extending and retracting the third hydraulic cylinder, the mounting plate moves along the second slide rod, thereby adjusting the position of the second adjustment mechanism and thus realizing the position adjustment of the first adjustment mechanism.

7. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 6, characterized in that, include: In S5, the gripper clamps the precast sidewall for temporary fixation. By driving any one or a combination of the first, second, and third hydraulic cylinders, the position of the precast sidewall is adjusted, thereby achieving precise determination of the position and angle of the precast sidewall.

8. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, the bottom of the precast sidewall is anchored to the lower structure through steel columns and steel cup sleeves, and the upper part of the precast sidewall is connected to the diaphragm wall through temporary tie rods. The temporary tie rods are used to adjust the verticality of the precast sidewall after the bottom of the precast sidewall is anchored.

9. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S7, after the precast sidewall is installed in place, the steel cage for the connection node of the precast sidewall is placed, and then the steel reinforcement at the wet joint is installed. All intersections of the precast wall reserved steel reinforcement and the post-cast section steel mesh are tied firmly. The wet joint formwork adopts tool-type fixed formwork, and the formwork is reliably connected to the structure by bolts or reserved holes.

10. The method for installing prefabricated exterior wall panels in underground stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S8, 350mm of high crack resistance and low shrinkage concrete is poured at the overlapping part behind the precast side wall. The joint of the precast side wall is waterproofed by a combination of post-inserted steel cage, inflatable rubber strip, circular embedded compression sealing strip and polyurethane sealant. Then, waterproof membrane is laid on the whole.

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