Model test device for monitoring influence of underground water-rich environment on tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel tests, and particularly discloses a model test device for monitoring the influence of an underground water-rich environment on a tunnel, which comprises an assembly box, one side of the assembly box is fixedly connected with a process box, one side of the process box and one side of the assembly box are opened, the opening is detachably connected with a box cover, one side of the assembly box is arc-shaped and is provided with a through groove, and the through groove is communicated with the process box. The arc-shaped side of the assembly box is in sliding connection with a test plate, a test opening is formed in the test plate, a test assembly is installed at the test opening, a simulation tunnel is arranged between the process box and the assembly box, a prefabricated block is installed in the process box, and after a box cover is opened, the assembly box is filled with a geological simulation material and compacted to form a simulation geological block; before compaction, a soil pressure sensor and a water seepage sensor are buried in the assembly box. The test device has the beneficial effects that the test plate slides at the bottom of the assembly box to change the test position of the test assembly, so that the test assembly performs a water injection test on a specified part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel testing technology, and in particular to a monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environments on tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure construction such as transportation and water conservancy in my country, tunnel engineering is increasingly moving towards deeper and longer tunnels, inevitably traversing complex hydrogeological conditions, especially water-rich underground environments. High water pressure and seepage in water-rich strata can easily trigger major engineering disasters such as tunnel surrounding rock instability, lining cracking, and water and mud inrush, seriously threatening construction safety and operational lifespan.

[0003] Therefore, accurately revealing the mechanical response and disaster mechanism of tunnel structures in water-rich environments is a key scientific problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of tunnel engineering. Traditional numerical simulations and theoretical analyses require reliable physical experimental data for verification and support. Model testing devices can simulate high water pressure and high flow rate seepage conditions and integrate multi-dimensional, high-precision monitoring systems to conduct simulated tests on tunnels. Therefore, model testing devices can provide an advanced experimental platform for related research, which is essential.

[0004] In the prior art, CN201621115140.4 describes a test device for high-head, water-rich tunnels. This device can simulate the working state of the structural system of high-head, water-rich tunnels and test the water pressure resistance of the tunnel lining under different conditions. However, this device cannot test the reinforcement effect of grouting on the tunnel, nor can it test the impact of severe local water inrush on the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environments on tunnels.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels includes an assembly box, a process box fixedly connected to one side of the assembly box, and a box cover detachably connected to one side of the process box. The bottom of the assembly box is arc-shaped with a through groove. A test plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the assembly box, and a test port is provided on the test plate. A test component is installed at the test port, and a water injection pipe is installed on the test component. A simulated tunnel is provided between the process box and the assembly box. The process box contains prefabricated blocks. After the box cover is opened, geological simulation material is filled into the assembly box and compacted to form a simulated geological block. Before compaction, soil pressure sensors and water seepage sensors are embedded in the assembly box. Water is injected into the simulated geological block through the water injection pipe to simulate a water-rich environment. The simulated geological block in the water-rich environment is tested through the test component to determine the impact of the water-rich environment on the simulated tunnel. The simulated tunnel has multiple process holes in different directions. Grouting holes are drilled in the simulated geological block along the axis of the process hole, and grouting pipes are inserted into the grouting holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the test assembly includes two side plates, one side of which is rotatably connected to a mounting plate. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the simulated tunnel. An arc-shaped baffle is provided between the two side plates. The arc-shaped baffle is located at the test opening, and a water injection pipe is provided at the center of the arc-shaped baffle.

[0008] Furthermore, the water injection pipe includes a sleeve, which is fixed in the center hole of the arc-shaped baffle and extends into the assembly box at one end. The sleeve wall at the end extending into the assembly box is provided with multiple sets of seepage holes. A core tube is slidably connected inside the sleeve, and a blind plate is fixedly connected at one end of the core tube. A set of permeable holes is provided on the wall of the core tube. As the core tube slides inside the sleeve, the permeable holes can sequentially coincide with the seepage holes.

[0009] Furthermore, two hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the test plate, each hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a pressing block, each pressing block has a first inclined surface on one side, and the arc-shaped baffle has a second inclined surface on both sides. The two pressing blocks are located on both sides of the arc-shaped baffle, and the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are set in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0010] Furthermore, the side plate is provided with a clearance opening, through which the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes, and a pressure ring is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The side plate is provided with multiple crushing teeth.

[0011] Advantages of the present invention: The monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels provided by the present invention changes the test position of the test component by sliding the test plate at the bottom of the assembly box, so that the test component can perform water injection test on the specified part. The injected water can only flow from the seepage hole to the simulated geological block, thereby simulating the situation of excessive water in the tunnel at that location. The soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor monitor the soil pressure and seepage situation generated by excessive water in the location. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a basic structural diagram of a monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a usage state diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the installation layout diagram of the test components; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point N; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The main view; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the water injection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0015] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0016] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0017] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment of the monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels includes an assembly box 1 with an arc-shaped bottom. A process box 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the assembly box 1, and the process box 11 is connected to the assembly box 1. Multiple first support columns 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the assembly box 1, and second support columns 14 are fixed to one side of both the assembly box 1 and the process box 11. Both the process box 11 and one side of the assembly box 1 are open, and a box cover is detachably connected to the open end. The method of detachable connection of the box cover is prior art and will not be described in detail here. The assembly box 1 has a through groove at its arc-shaped bottom. The test plate 2 is slidably connected to the bottom of the assembly box 1. The arc of the test plate 2 matches the arc of the bottom arc surface of the assembly box 1. The sliding connection of the test plate 2 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The test plate 2 has a test port, and a test component 3 is installed at the test port. By sliding the test plate 2 at the bottom of the assembly box 1, the test position of the test component 3 can be changed. This allows the monitoring model test device of this embodiment to perform water injection tests on different parts.

[0020] A simulated tunnel 100 is provided between the process box 11 and the assembly box 1, and the process box 11 contains prefabricated blocks 900. The prefabricated blocks 900 are located on one side of the simulated tunnel 100. In use, the monitoring model test device of this embodiment is first supported and fixed by the second support column 14. At this time, the box cover is set upward. After opening the box cover, geological simulation material is filled into the assembly box 1 and compacted to form simulated geological blocks 200. Before compaction, soil pressure sensors and water seepage sensors are embedded in the assembly box 1. The soil pressure sensors and water seepage sensors are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The method of filling and compacting the geological simulation material is also existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] The test assembly 3 includes two side plates 31. A mounting plate 32 is rotatably connected to one side of each side plate 31. The mounting plate 32 is detachably connected to the simulated tunnel 100. Specifically, mounting holes are pre-drilled around the outer wall of the simulated tunnel 100. When the side plates 31 and mounting plate 32 rotate to a designated position and align with the mounting holes, the mounting plate 32 is temporarily fixed to the mounting holes using pins 321. An arc-shaped baffle 33 is located between the two side plates 31 at the test opening. Two hydraulic cylinders 34 are hinged to the test plate 2. Each hydraulic cylinder 34 is equipped with a pressing block 35. The two pressing blocks 35 are located on both sides of the arc-shaped baffle 33, temporarily fixing the position of the arc-shaped baffle 33. Each pressing block 35 has a first inclined surface on one side, and the arc-shaped baffle 33 has second inclined surfaces on both sides, with the first and second inclined surfaces corresponding one-to-one.

[0022] A water injection pipe 5 is provided at the center of the arc-shaped baffle 33. The water injection pipe 5 includes a sleeve 51, which is fixed in the center hole of the arc-shaped baffle 33 and extends into the assembly box 1 at one end. The sleeve 51 has multiple sets of seepage holes 50 on the wall of the end of the sleeve 51 that extends into the assembly box 1. A core tube 52 is slidably connected inside the sleeve 51. A blind plate 54 is fixedly connected to one end of the core tube 52. A set of permeable holes 53 is provided on the wall of the core tube 52. As the core tube 52 slides inside the sleeve 51, the permeable holes 53 can coincide with the seepage holes 50 in sequence.

[0023] The following is a method for using a monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environments on tunnels, as disclosed in this embodiment: Step 1: By sliding the test plate 2 at the bottom of the assembly box 1, the test position of the test component 3 is changed, so that the test component 3 performs a water injection test on the specified part.

[0024] Step 2: Support and fix the entire device with the second support column 14. At this time, the box cover is set upward. After opening the box cover, fill the assembly box 1 with geological simulation material. At the same time, bury the soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor in the assembly box 1. The location of the soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor is determined according to the water injection location.

[0025] Step 3: Compact the geological simulation material to form a simulated geological block 200, and change the support and fixation of the entire device by the first support column 13.

[0026] Step 4: Slide the core tube 52 within the casing 51 so that the permeable hole 53 coincides with the corresponding seepage hole 50. Inject water into the core tube 52. The injected water can only flow from the seepage hole 50 to the simulated geological block 200, thus simulating a situation where the tunnel is excessively water-rich at this location. Earth pressure sensors and water seepage sensors monitor the earth pressure and seepage conditions caused by the excessive water at this location, and record the changes in the values ​​of the earth pressure sensors and water seepage sensors. If a large area of ​​water is desired, remove the core tube 52 and inject water directly into the casing 51, thus simulating a large area of ​​seepage in the simulated geological block 200.

[0027] Step 5: The hydraulic cylinder 34 pushes the extrusion block 35 forward. Under the action of the first and second inclined surfaces, the arc-shaped baffle 33 exerts extrusion force on the simulated geological block 200. The changes in values ​​are monitored and recorded by the soil pressure sensor and the water seepage sensor. At the same time, when the pressure ring 36 contacts the side plate 31, the side plate 31 can also exert a slight extrusion and destructive force on the simulated geological block 200, further realizing the impact of local water abundance on the tunnel under various working conditions.

[0028] Step 6: Record the values, crush or remove the simulated geological block 200, and repeat steps 1 to 5. This repeated operation can test the soil pressure and seepage caused by excessive water in different locations below the tunnel.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate the crushing of the simulated geological block 200 after testing, the side plate 31 is provided with a clearance opening. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 34 passes through the clearance opening, and a pressure ring 36 is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 34. The side plate 31 is provided with multiple crushing teeth 37. After the test is completed, the arc-shaped baffle 33 is first removed. The hydraulic cylinder 34 extends and retracts, and squeezes the side plate 31 through the pressure ring 36, causing the side plate 31 to rotate. This inserts the crushing teeth 37 on one side of the side plate 31 into the simulated geological block 200, thereby crushing the simulated geological block 200 and facilitating its removal.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment can also test the effect of grouting reinforcement when there is water in the tunnel. Specifically, multiple process holes in different directions are set in the simulated tunnel 100. After step five is completed, grouting holes are drilled in the simulated geological block 200 along the axis of the process hole. Grouting pipes 300 are inserted into the grouting holes and grouting reinforcement is carried out. After the grouting solidifies and is cured, the soil pressure and seepage caused by excessive water in the location are monitored by soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor, and the changes in the values ​​of soil pressure sensor and water seepage sensor are recorded, thereby determining the effect of grouting reinforcement on the treatment of excessive water in a certain part of the tunnel. Because of the grouting pipe 300, it needs to be removed before a new round of testing. At this time, a lot of mud or gravel will be attached to the outer surface of the grouting pipe 300. If the grouting pipe 300 is removed from inside the simulated tunnel 100, the mud or gravel will easily damage the process hole. Therefore, the grouting pipe 300 can only be removed from the outside of the simulated tunnel 100.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this application does not involve improvements to software and methods.

Claims

1. A monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels, characterized in that: The assembly includes an assembly box, with a process box fixedly connected to one side. A cover is detachably connected to the process box and the assembly box. The bottom of the assembly box has an arc-shaped surface with a through groove. A test plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the assembly box, and a test port is provided on the test plate. A test assembly is installed at the test port, and a water injection pipe is installed on the test assembly. A simulated tunnel is provided between the process box and the assembly box. Precast blocks are contained within the process box. After the cover is opened, geological simulation material is filled into the assembly box and compacted to form a simulated geological block. Before compaction, soil pressure sensors and water seepage sensors are embedded in the assembly box. Water is injected into the simulated geological block through the water injection pipe to simulate a water-rich environment. The simulated geological block in the water-rich environment is tested using the test assembly to determine the impact of the water-rich environment on the simulated tunnel. Multiple process holes in different directions are provided within the simulated tunnel. Grouting holes are drilled from the process holes into the simulated geological block. The grouting holes are coaxially arranged with the process holes, and grouting pipes are inserted into the grouting holes.

2. The monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test assembly includes two side plates, one side of which is rotatably connected to a mounting plate. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the simulated tunnel. An arc-shaped baffle is provided between the two side plates. The arc-shaped baffle is located at the test opening, and a water injection pipe is provided at the center of the arc-shaped baffle.

3. The monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection pipe includes a sleeve, which is fixed to the center hole of the arc-shaped baffle and extends into the assembly box at one end. The sleeve has multiple sets of seepage holes on the wall of the end of the sleeve that extends into the assembly box. A core tube is slidably connected inside the sleeve, and a blind plate is fixedly connected to one end of the core tube. A set of permeable holes is provided on the wall of the core tube. As the core tube slides inside the sleeve, the permeable holes can sequentially coincide with the seepage holes.

4. The monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the test plate. Each hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a pressing block. Each pressing block has a first inclined surface on one side. The arc-shaped baffle has a second inclined surface on both sides. The two pressing blocks are located on both sides of the arc-shaped baffle, and the first and second inclined surfaces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

5. The monitoring model test device for the impact of underground water-rich environment on tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side plate is provided with a clearance opening, the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the clearance opening, and a pressure ring is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The side plate is provided with multiple crushing teeth.

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