Device and method for measuring flowing water scouring resistance of ardealite-based stable base layer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ardealite-based product performance detection, in particular to an ardealite-based stable base flowing water washing resistance measuring device and method, and the device comprises a base, a washing tank, a sample mold, a door-shaped bracket, an adjusting mounting seat, a water flow injection pipe, a water supply mechanism, an overflow water collecting pipe and a seepage water collecting pipe; the bottom of the sample mold is installed in the washing groove, the sample is installed in the sample mold, the bottom of the door-shaped support is fixed to the two sides of the base, the adjusting installation base is installed on the top of the door-shaped support, the water flow injection pipe is movably connected to the adjusting installation base, the bottom of the water flow injection pipe is movably connected to the adjusting installation base, and the water supply mechanism is communicated with the top of the water flow injection pipe. The overflow water collecting pipe and the seepage water collecting pipe are both installed at the bottom of the flushing groove. According to the device and method for measuring the flowing water scouring resistance of the ardealite-based stable base layer, the flowing water scouring resistance of the ardealite-based stable base layer can be efficiently and stably evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of performance testing technology for phosphogypsum-based products, and in particular to a device and method for determining the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers to dynamic water erosion. Background Technology

[0002] Hypersulfurized phosphogypsum cementitious materials, as a new type of green cement, have three advantages: First, phosphogypsum accounts for nearly 50% of the cement, resulting in strong absorption capacity; second, hydration products effectively encapsulate a large amount of phosphogypsum, transforming air-hardening phosphogypsum into hydraulic cementitious materials, thus broadening the application range of phosphogypsum; and third, it only requires "one grinding," with energy consumption far lower than the traditional cement production process of "two grindings and one firing." Based on these advantages, applying hypersulfurized phosphogypsum cementitious materials to concrete is undoubtedly an effective way to achieve low-cost utilization of phosphogypsum. If phosphogypsum is used in road construction, such as as a stabilized aggregate in the road base layer, it can not only make full use of industrial waste but also save a large amount of crushed stone and sand. While consuming a large amount of phosphogypsum, it can significantly reduce road construction costs, resulting in good social benefits. Therefore, it has a promising application prospect in the field of road construction materials.

[0003] However, phosphogypsum-based products have problems such as poor water resistance, mainly due to three reasons:

[0004] (1) The solubility of dihydrate gypsum in gypsum products is relatively high, and its solubility at 20℃ is 2.059 g / L;

[0005] (2) When gypsum products are in a humid environment, gypsum dihydrate dissolves, reducing the number of overlapping crystal contact points, which weakens the interaction force between crystals and thus reduces the strength.

[0006] (3) The porous structure of gypsum materials leads to increased water absorption. Therefore, the strength of hardened gypsum will decrease not only in aqueous solution, but also in saturated and supersaturated gypsum solutions.

[0007] Therefore, the poor water resistance and durability of phosphogypsum-based building materials are the main reasons restricting their widespread adoption. Resistance to dynamic water erosion refers to the ability of a hardened material to resist external water erosion, as well as the stability of the hardened material's structure, composition, and hydration products under immersion in water.

[0008] Currently, no team has been found in the market to have specifically developed a device and method for measuring the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers. This is not conducive to the efficient and stable evaluation of the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers, and hinders the promotion and application of phosphogypsum-based building materials. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This application provides a device and method for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers to dynamic water erosion, in order to improve the following technical problems:

[0010] Currently, no team has been found in the market to have specifically developed a device and method for measuring the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers. This is not conducive to the efficient and stable evaluation of the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers, and hinders the promotion and application of phosphogypsum-based building materials.

[0011] In a first aspect, this application provides a device for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers to dynamic water erosion, employing the following technical solution:

[0012] A device for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course to dynamic water erosion includes a base, an erosion trough, a sample mold, a portal frame bracket, an adjusting mounting base, a water jet pipe, a water supply mechanism, an overflow water collection pipe, and a permeate water collection pipe. The erosion trough is mounted on the base. The bottom of the sample mold is sealed and mounted in the middle of the inner bottom of the erosion trough. The sample is mounted inside the sample mold, and the top opening of the sample mold is 4-8 cm higher than the top surface of the sample. The bottom of the portal frame bracket is fixed to both sides of the base. The adjusting mounting base is mounted on the top of the portal frame bracket and located directly above the sample mold. The water jet... The water jet pipe is movably connected to the adjusting mounting base, and the bottom spray nozzle is located inside the sample mold. The adjusting mounting base is used to adjust the horizontal position and spray angle of the water jet pipe. The water supply mechanism is connected to the top of the water jet pipe and is used to provide water flow for rinsing. The overflow water collection pipe and the permeate water collection pipe are both installed at the bottom of the rinsing tank. The overflow water collection pipe is used to discharge the overflow water collected in the rinsing tank. The top of the permeate water collection pipe is inserted into the bottom of the sample mold and abuts against the bottom surface of the sample. The permeate water collection pipe is used to discharge the permeate water that seeps out from the bottom surface of the sample after rinsing.

[0013] In one feasible technical solution of this application, a horizontal surface is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the inner tank of the flushing tank, and an inclined surface is provided between the periphery of the horizontal surface and the inner sidewall of the flushing tank. The side of the inclined surface near the sample mold is lower than the side away from the sample mold. The bottom of the sample mold is inserted into and sealed to the horizontal surface, and the top of the overflow water collection pipe is a beveled surface and connected to the bottom of the inclined surface.

[0014] In one feasible technical solution of this application, an annular insertion groove is provided around the periphery of the horizontal plane, and the sample mold includes a mold cylinder, the bottom of which is inserted into the annular insertion groove.

[0015] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the sample mold further includes a rubber pad and a permeation membrane. The rubber pad is fixed to the bottom of the mold cylinder and fits against the horizontal plane. The permeation membrane is laid on the rubber pad and contacts the bottom surface of the sample.

[0016] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the sample mold further includes a fixing ring, which is fixed to the inner bottom of the mold cylinder, and the bottom of the sample is inserted and fixed inside the fixing ring. A guide slope is provided on the inner top side of the fixing ring.

[0017] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the top of the permeate collection pipe is provided with a water collection funnel, the water collection funnel is embedded inside the rubber pad, and the top of the water collection funnel contacts the lower surface of the permeate membrane.

[0018] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the adjusting mounting base includes a sliding plate, a rotating seat, and a screw adjusting part. The sliding plate is horizontally slidably mounted on the top of the portal frame. The rotating seat is rotatably mounted on the front side of the sliding plate. The rotating seat is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove. The middle part of the water jet pipe is snapped and fixed in the snap-fit ​​groove. The screw adjusting part is installed on the top of the portal frame and is used to drive the sliding plate to move horizontally.

[0019] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the lead screw adjustment part includes a rotating lead screw, a rotating handle and two spaced ear plates. The rotating lead screw is horizontally arranged and rotatably assembled between the two ear plates. The ear plates are vertically fixed to the top of the portal bracket. The rotating lead screw is threadedly assembled to the sliding plate. The rotating handle is fixed to one end of the rotating lead screw.

[0020] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the water supply mechanism includes a distilled water tank and a water delivery hose. The two ends of the water delivery hose are respectively connected to the top of the water jet pipe and the outlet of the distilled water tank. A flow meter and a water flow generating unit are also connected to the water delivery hose. The water flow generating unit is a water pump, a submersible jet pump, or a pressure testing pump. The water flow generating unit is used to adjust the water flow speed and pressure.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a method for determining the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers to dynamic water erosion, employing the following technical solution:

[0022] A method for determining the resistance to dynamic water erosion of a phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course, based on the device for determining the resistance to dynamic water erosion of a phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Drill standard-sized samples from the phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layer that has been cured to the specified age. The samples are then numbered, cleaned, dried, sized, weighed, and their macroscopic morphology is recorded.

[0024] Step 2: Fix the sample in the sample mold, then add distilled water to the top opening of the sample mold to completely submerge the sample. Control and record the temperature and pH value of the flushing medium in the water supply mechanism, conduct the flushing test according to the set flow rate and spray angle, and start timing.

[0025] Step 3: During the experiment, monitor and maintain the flow rate, temperature, and pH value of the flushing medium at all times;

[0026] Step 4: After the test, remove the sample and rinse the sample surface with distilled water at a flow rate not higher than the test flow rate. Let the sample air dry or blow dry. Observe, photograph and record the sample surface. Use an image acquisition device to collect the morphology of pits and grooves formed by the scouring of the sample, and measure and record their size and number. Collect the overflow water volume during the scouring process through the overflow water collection pipe and the seepage water volume during the scouring process through the seepage water collection pipe.

[0027] Step 5: Based on the basic data obtained in Steps 2, 3, and 4, measure the overflow and seepage water volume using a graduated cylinder, separate the sediment, dry and weigh it, weigh the sample before and after rinsing using an electronic balance, and measure the hardness of the sample before and after rinsing using a compression testing machine.

[0028] Step 5: Calculate the erosion resistance of the sample R = W1 / t - W2 / t, where W1 is the performance index of the sample before erosion, W2 is the performance index of the sample after erosion, and t is the test period. The performance index includes mass or strength.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] The entire device for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion is simple and stable in structure and very easy to operate. It collects overflow water and seepage water during the erosion process through overflow water collection pipe and seepage water collection pipe, respectively. It can also provide erosion water flow with different speeds and pressures through the water supply mechanism. Combined with the adjusting mounting base, the erosion point and spray angle of the erosion water flow can be adjusted. It is highly flexible and can be used to simulate different complex water environment conditions, that is, to simulate different actual rainfall / water flow conditions. This allows for accurate and efficient testing of the erosion resistance of phosphogypsum-based products, which is beneficial to the promotion and application of phosphogypsum-based building materials. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apparatus and method for measuring the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course to dynamic water erosion according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Base;

[0036] 2. Flushing groove; 21. Horizontal plane; 22. Inclined plane; 23. Annular insertion groove;

[0037] 3. Sample mold; 31. Mold cylinder; 32. Sealing ring; 33. Rubber gasket; 34. Permeable membrane; 35. Retaining ring; 351. Guide slope;

[0038] 4. Portal-type bracket;

[0039] 5. Adjusting mounting base; 51. Sliding plate; 511. Scale line; 52. Rotating seat; 53. Rotating screw; 54. Rotating handle; 55. Ear plate;

[0040] 6. Water jet pipe;

[0041] 7. Water supply mechanism; 71. Distilled water tank; 711. Thermometer; 712. Electronic pH meter; 72. Water delivery hose; 73. Flow meter; 74. Water flow generation unit;

[0042] 8. Overflow water collection pipe; 81. First water valve;

[0043] 9. Permeable water collection pipe; 91. Water collection bell mouth; 92. Second water valve;

[0044] 10. Temperature and humidity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0046] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0047] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0050] This application discloses a device for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers to dynamic water erosion. (Refer to...) Figure 1-2The device for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course to dynamic water erosion includes a base 1, an erosion trough 2, a sample mold 3, a portal frame 4, an adjusting mounting base 5, a water jet pipe 6, a water supply mechanism 7, an overflow water collection pipe 8, and a permeate water collection pipe 9. The erosion trough 2 is installed on the base 1. The bottom of the sample mold 3 is sealed and installed in the middle of the inner bottom of the erosion trough 2. The sample is installed inside the sample mold 3, and the top opening of the sample mold 3 is 4-8 cm higher than the top surface of the sample. The bottom of the portal frame 4 is fixed to both sides of the base 1. The adjusting mounting base 5 is installed on the top of the portal frame 4 and is located directly above the sample mold 3. The water jet pipe 6 is movably connected to the adjusting mounting base 5, and the bottom spray... The water inlet is located inside the sample mold 3. The adjusting mounting base 5 is used to adjust the horizontal position and spray angle of the water jet pipe 6. The water supply mechanism 7 is connected to the top of the water jet pipe 6 and is used to provide water for rinsing. The overflow water collection pipe 8 and the permeate water collection pipe 9 are both installed at the bottom of the rinsing tank 2. The overflow water collection pipe 8 is used to discharge the overflow water collected in the rinsing tank 2. The top of the permeate water collection pipe 9 is inserted into the bottom of the sample mold 3 and abuts against the bottom surface of the sample. The permeate water collection pipe 9 is used to discharge the permeate water that seeps out from the bottom surface of the sample after rinsing. Temperature and humidity sensors 10 are set on both sides of the top of the gate bracket 4. The temperature and humidity sensors 10 are used to detect the temperature and humidity of the test environment.

[0051] In this embodiment, a horizontal surface 21 is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the inner tank of the flushing tank 2. An inclined surface 22 is provided between the periphery of the horizontal surface 21 and the inner sidewall of the flushing tank 2. The side of the inclined surface 22 closer to the sample mold 3 is lower than the side farther away from the sample mold 3. The bottom of the sample mold 3 is inserted into and sealed to the horizontal surface 21. The top of the overflow water collection pipe 8 is a beveled surface and is connected to the bottom of the inclined surface 22.

[0052] The design of the inclined surface 22 allows the overflow water collected under gravity to gather in the middle and then be quickly discharged through the overflow water collection pipe 8, making it more convenient and faster to measure the overflow water volume. In addition, the design of the horizontal surface 21 facilitates the bottom alignment and insertion of the sample mold 3. That is, the inclined surface 22 also has a certain guiding and alignment function for the bottom alignment and insertion process of the sample mold 3.

[0053] To improve the installation firmness and connection sealing of the sample mold 3, an annular insertion groove 23 is provided around the horizontal surface 21. The sample mold 3 includes a mold cylinder 31, the bottom of which is inserted into the annular insertion groove 23. A sealing ring 32 is provided between the bottom of the mold cylinder 31 and the bottom of the annular insertion groove 23. The design of the sealing ring 32 can prevent overflow water from entering the bottom of the mold cylinder 31, thereby effectively mixing the overflow water and the seepage water together, which is beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy.

[0054] Both the flushing groove 2 and the mold cylinder 31 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has good structural strength, corrosion resistance, is not easily damaged, and has a long service life.

[0055] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the damage to the specimen caused by mechanical impact and simulate the flexible contact situation in the actual environment, the specimen mold 3 also includes a rubber pad 33 and a permeation membrane 34. The design of the permeation membrane 34 can prevent solid particles after rinsing from entering the permeation water collection pipe 9. The rubber pad 33 is fixed to the bottom of the mold cylinder 31 and fits against the horizontal surface 21. The permeation membrane 34 is laid on the rubber pad 33 and contacts the bottom surface of the specimen.

[0056] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the sample in the mold cylinder 31 and prevent it from being washed away to the point of shaking displacement, the sample mold 3 also includes a fixing ring 35. The fixing ring 35 is fixed to the inner bottom of the mold cylinder 31, and the bottom of the sample is inserted and fixed in the fixing ring 35. A guide slope 351 is provided on the inner side of the top of the fixing ring 35.

[0057] In this embodiment, in order to collect as much permeate water as possible from the bottom surface of the sample after rinsing, a water collection funnel 91 is provided at the top of the permeate water collection pipe 9. For example, if the bottom surface of the sample is square, the top of the water collection funnel 91 is a square with the same area and size. If the bottom surface of the sample is circular, the top of the water collection funnel 91 is a circle with the same area and size. The water collection funnel 91 is embedded inside the rubber pad 33, and the top of the water collection funnel 91 contacts the lower surface of the permeate membrane 34. A first water valve 81 is provided on the overflow water collection pipe 8. When the first water valve 81 is opened, the overflow water is officially discharged. A second water valve 92 is provided on the permeate water collection pipe 9. When the second water valve 92 is opened, the permeate water is officially discharged.

[0058] In one feasible technical solution of this application, the adjusting mounting base 5 includes a sliding plate 51, a rotating base 52, and a screw adjusting part. The sliding plate 51 is horizontally slidably mounted on the top of the portal frame 4, and the rotating base 52 is rotatably mounted on the front side of the sliding plate 51. The rotating base 52 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove, and the middle part of the water jet pipe 6 is snapped and fixed in the snap-fit ​​groove. The screw adjusting part is installed on the top of the portal frame 4 and is used to drive the sliding plate 51 to move horizontally. The front side of the sliding plate 51 is also provided with a scale line 511 for displaying the tilt angle of the water jet pipe 6.

[0059] The adjustment mounting base 5 designed above has a simple structure and reasonable design. When it is necessary to adjust the horizontal position of the water jet pipe 6, the adjustment part can be adjusted by rotating the screw 53. When it is necessary to adjust the spray angle of the water jet pipe 6, the rotating base 52 can be rotated. Moreover, the design of the scale line 511 brings great convenience to the operator in observing the spray angle of the water jet pipe 6, so that the operation and adjustment are more precise.

[0060] In this embodiment, the lead screw adjustment part includes a rotating lead screw 53, a rotating handle 54, and two spaced ear plates 55. The rotating lead screw 53 is horizontally arranged and rotatably mounted between the two ear plates 55. The ear plates 55 are vertically fixed to the top of the gantry bracket 4. The rotating lead screw 53 is threaded through and mounted on the sliding plate 51. The rotating handle 54 is fixed to one end of the rotating lead screw 53.

[0061] The aforementioned manually operated screw adjustment mechanism has a simple structure and stable operation. The adjustment operation is very convenient, and it can stably move the sliding plate 51 and the water jet pipe 6 horizontally to any position within the adjustment range.

[0062] In this embodiment, the water supply mechanism 7 includes a distilled water tank 71 and a water delivery hose 72. Both ends of the water delivery hose 72 are connected to the top of the water jet pipe 6 and the outlet of the distilled water tank 71, respectively. A flow meter 73 and a water flow generating unit 74 are also connected to the water delivery hose 72. The water flow generating unit 74 is a water pump, a submersible jet pump, or a pressure testing pump, and is used to regulate the water flow speed and pressure. The distilled water tank 71 is also equipped with a thermometer 711 and a pH electronic measuring meter 712, allowing test personnel to quickly obtain the temperature and pH value of the flushing medium before and after flushing.

[0063] This application also provides a method for determining the resistance to dynamic water erosion of a phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course. Based on the above-mentioned device for determining the resistance to dynamic water erosion of a phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course, the method includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Drill standard-sized samples from the phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layer that has been cured to the specified age. The samples are then numbered, cleaned, dried, sized, weighed, and their macroscopic morphology is recorded.

[0065] Step 2: Fix the sample in the sample mold 3, then add distilled water to the top opening of the sample mold 3 to completely submerge the sample, control and record the temperature and pH value of the flushing medium in the water supply mechanism 7, conduct the flushing test according to the set flow rate and spray angle, and start timing.

[0066] Step 3: During the experiment, monitor and maintain the flow rate, temperature, and pH value of the flushing medium at all times;

[0067] Step 4: After the test, remove the sample and rinse the sample surface with distilled water at a flow rate not higher than the test flow rate. Let the sample air dry or blow dry. Observe, photograph and record the sample surface. Use an image acquisition device to collect the morphology of pits and grooves formed by the scouring of the sample, and measure and record their size and number. Collect the overflow water volume during the scouring process through the overflow water collection pipe 8 and the seepage water volume during the scouring process through the seepage water collection pipe 9.

[0068] Step 5: Based on the basic data obtained in Steps 2, 3, and 4, measure the overflow and seepage water volume using a graduated cylinder, separate the sediment, dry and weigh it, weigh the sample before and after rinsing using an electronic balance, and measure the hardness of the sample before and after rinsing using a compression testing machine.

[0069] Step 5: Calculate the erosion resistance of the sample R = W1 / t - W2 / t, where W1 is the performance index of the sample before erosion, W2 is the performance index of the sample after erosion, t is the test period, and the performance index includes mass or strength.

[0070] The beneficial technical effects of the apparatus and method for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to the embodiments of this application are roughly as follows:

[0071] The entire device for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion is simple and stable in structure and very easy to operate. It collects overflow water and seepage water during the erosion process through overflow water collection pipe 8 and seepage water collection pipe 9, respectively. It can also provide erosion water flow with different speeds and pressures through water supply mechanism 7. Combined with the adjusting mounting base 5, it can adjust the erosion point and spray angle of the erosion water flow. It is highly flexible and can be used to simulate different complex water environment conditions, that is, to simulate different actual rainfall / water flow conditions. This allows for accurate and efficient determination of the erosion resistance of phosphogypsum-based products, which is beneficial to the promotion and application of phosphogypsum-based building materials.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers to dynamic water erosion, characterized in that, The system includes a base (1), a flushing trough (2), a sample mold (3), a portal frame (4), an adjusting mounting seat (5), a water jet pipe (6), a water supply mechanism (7), an overflow water collection pipe (8), and a permeate water collection pipe (9). The flushing trough (2) is installed on the base (1). The bottom of the sample mold (3) is sealed and installed in the middle of the inner bottom of the flushing trough (2). The sample is installed in the sample mold (3), and the top opening of the sample mold (3) is 4-8 cm higher than the top surface of the sample. The bottom of the portal frame (4) is fixed to both sides of the base (1). The adjusting mounting seat (5) is installed on the top of the portal frame (4) and located directly above the sample mold (3). The water jet pipe (6) is installed on the bottom of the base (1). The water jet nozzle at the bottom is located inside the sample mold (3) and is connected to the adjusting mounting base (5). The adjusting mounting base (5) is used to adjust the horizontal position and spray angle of the water jet pipe (6). The water supply mechanism (7) is connected to the top of the water jet pipe (6) and is used to provide water for rinsing. The overflow water collection pipe (8) and the permeate water collection pipe (9) are both installed at the bottom of the flushing tank (2). The overflow water collection pipe (8) is used to discharge the overflow water collected in the flushing tank (2). The top of the permeate water collection pipe (9) is inserted into the bottom of the sample mold (3) and abuts against the bottom surface of the sample. The permeate water collection pipe (9) is used to discharge the permeate water that seeps out from the bottom surface of the sample after rinsing.

2. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, A horizontal surface (21) is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the inner tank of the flushing tank (2). An inclined surface (22) is provided between the periphery of the horizontal surface (21) and the inner wall of the flushing tank (2). The side of the inclined surface (22) closer to the sample mold (3) is lower than the side away from the sample mold (3). The bottom of the sample mold (3) is inserted into and sealed to the horizontal surface (21). The top of the overflow water collection pipe (8) is a beveled surface and is connected to the bottom of the inclined surface (22).

3. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal plane (21) is provided with an annular insertion groove (23) around its perimeter. The sample mold (3) includes a mold cylinder (31), the bottom of which is inserted into the annular insertion groove (23).

4. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sample mold (3) also includes a rubber pad (33) and a permeation membrane (34). The rubber pad (33) is fixed to the bottom of the mold cylinder (31) and fits against the horizontal surface (21). The permeation membrane (34) is laid on the rubber pad (33) and contacts the bottom surface of the sample.

5. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sample mold (3) also includes a fixing ring (35), which is fixed to the inner bottom of the mold cylinder (31), and the bottom of the sample is inserted and fixed in the fixing ring (35). A guide slope (351) is provided on the inner side of the top of the fixing ring (35).

6. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the permeate collection pipe (9) is provided with a water collection funnel (91), which is embedded inside the rubber pad (33), and the top of the water collection funnel (91) contacts the lower surface of the permeate membrane (34).

7. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mounting base (5) includes a sliding plate (51), a rotating base (52), and a screw adjusting part. The sliding plate (51) is horizontally slidably mounted on the top of the portal frame (4). The rotating base (52) is rotatably mounted on the front side of the sliding plate (51). The rotating base (52) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove. The middle part of the water jet pipe (6) is snapped and fixed in the snap-fit ​​groove. The screw adjusting part is installed on the top of the portal frame (4) and is used to drive the sliding plate (51) to move horizontally.

8. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lead screw adjustment part includes a rotating lead screw (53), a rotating handle (54), and two spaced ear plates (55). The rotating lead screw (53) is horizontally arranged and rotatably mounted between the two ear plates (55). The ear plates (55) are vertically fixed to the top of the portal frame (4). The rotating lead screw (53) is threaded through and mounted on the sliding plate (51). The rotating handle (54) is fixed to one end of the rotating lead screw (53).

9. The apparatus for testing the resistance to dynamic water erosion of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply mechanism (7) includes a distilled water tank (71) and a water delivery hose (72). The two ends of the water delivery hose (72) are respectively connected to the top of the water jet pipe (6) and the outlet of the distilled water tank (71). A flow meter (73) and a water flow generating part (74) are also connected to the water delivery hose (72). The water flow generating part (74) is a water pump, a submersible jet pump or a pressure testing pump. The water flow generating part (74) is used to adjust the water flow speed and pressure.

10. A method for determining the resistance of a phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course to dynamic water erosion, characterized in that, Based on the apparatus for testing the resistance of phosphogypsum-based stabilized base course to dynamic water erosion as described in any one of claims 1-9, the testing method includes the following steps: Step 1: Drill standard-sized samples from the phosphogypsum-based stabilized base layer that has been cured to the specified age. The samples are then numbered, cleaned, dried, sized, weighed, and their macroscopic morphology is recorded. Step 2: Fix the sample in the sample mold (3), then add distilled water to the top opening of the sample mold (3) and make the sample completely submerged. Control and record the temperature and pH value of the flushing medium in the water supply mechanism (7), carry out the flushing test according to the set flow rate and spray angle, and start timing. Step 3: During the experiment, monitor and maintain the flow rate, temperature, and pH value of the flushing medium at all times; Step 4: After the test, remove the sample and rinse the sample surface with distilled water at a flow rate not higher than the test flow rate. Let the sample air dry or blow dry naturally. Observe, photograph and record the sample surface. Use an image acquisition device to collect the morphology of pits and grooves formed by the scouring of the sample, and measure and record their size and number. Collect the overflow water volume during the scouring process through the overflow water collection pipe (8) and collect the seepage water volume during the scouring process through the seepage water collection pipe (9). Step 5: Based on the basic data obtained in Steps 2, 3, and 4, measure the overflow and seepage water volume using a graduated cylinder, separate the sediment, dry and weigh it, weigh the sample before and after rinsing using an electronic balance, and measure the hardness of the sample before and after rinsing using a compression testing machine. Step 5: Calculate the erosion resistance of the sample R = W1 / t - W2 / t, where W1 is the performance index of the sample before erosion, W2 is the performance index of the sample after erosion, and t is the test period. The performance index includes mass or strength.

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