A european box transformer

Abstract

The application relates to a European box transformer and relates to the technical field of box-type substations, which comprises a box body, the top of the box body is provided with a connecting mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a pressure relief cylinder penetrating through the top surface of the box body, a pressure relief film, a foamed metal block and an annular base are sequentially arranged in the pressure relief cylinder, a fire extinguishing device and a heat dissipation device are arranged in the box body, the fire extinguishing device comprises an air bag, a clamping block and a bimetallic strip, the heat dissipation device comprises a driving motor, a driving pipe and a fan blade, and a temperature sensor and a photosensitive sensor are further electrically connected with the driving motor. The application has the effects of effective pressure relief, fire extinguishing and heat dissipation. When the temperature in the box body is abnormal, timely response can be realized, the fire is extinguished by releasing fire extinguishing gas through the rupture of a heat-sensitive microcapsule layer, the heat dissipation device is started to dissipate heat by using a temperature sensor, and the spring sheet vibration sound plays an alarming role when pressure relief.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of prefabricated substation technology, and in particular to a European-style prefabricated substation. Background Technology

[0002] As crucial power distribution and control equipment, the safety and stability of European-style prefabricated substations are essential for ensuring the normal operation of power systems. With the continuous growth of electricity demand and the gradual expansion of power grids, the performance requirements for European-style prefabricated substations are also increasing. A European-style prefabricated substation with good explosion-proof, fire-extinguishing, and heat dissipation functions can effectively reduce the probability of failures, minimize economic losses caused by electrical accidents, and improve the reliability and continuity of power supply, playing an indispensable role in modern power networks.

[0003] In related technologies, various methods are typically employed to address issues such as excessive internal pressure, fire hazards, and poor heat dissipation in European-style prefabricated substations. For pressure relief, a common practice is to install a simple diaphragm-type pressure relief device on the substation; when the internal pressure reaches a certain level, the diaphragm ruptures to release the pressure. For fire suppression, single-temperature-controlled fire extinguishing airbags are often used; when the temperature rises to a set value, the airbag releases extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire. For heat dissipation, cooling fans independent of the pressure relief system are generally used, relying on air convection to remove heat. These methods alleviate the problems faced by European-style prefabricated substations to some extent, but each addresses a specific situation and lacks a comprehensive solution.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the diaphragm-type pressure relief device only releases pressure and does not absorb the kinetic energy during the release process. Furthermore, it lacks a warning function, making it difficult for personnel to detect abnormalities in a timely manner. Single-temperature-controlled fire extinguishing airbags are easily affected by ambient temperature fluctuations, leading to false triggering and inaccurate responses to actual fire situations. Independent cooling fans do not work in conjunction with the pressure relief system, resulting in a delayed response speed under high-temperature conditions and an inability to effectively control the internal temperature of the transformer, thus threatening the safety and stability of the transformer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To increase the safety of European-style prefabricated substations, this application provides a European-style prefabricated substation.

[0006] A European-style prefabricated substation, including the enclosure.

[0007] The top of the enclosure is equipped with a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fitted with a pressure relief cylinder that penetrates the top surface of the enclosure.

[0008] The pressure relief cylinder contains, from bottom to top, the following:

[0009] The pressure relief membrane is flush with the surface of the mounting plate, and the pressure relief membrane has an arched surface that protrudes towards the bottom of the enclosure.

[0010] A foamed metal block is connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder;

[0011] The ring base has multiple reeds on its inner ring, which can produce sound when they vibrate.

[0012] The enclosure is equipped with a fire extinguishing device, which includes:

[0013] The airbag is filled with a mixture of perfluorohexanone and nitrogen, and its surface is coated with a thermosensitive microcapsule layer. The rupture temperature of the thermosensitive microcapsules is 150℃±5℃.

[0014] The clamping block is connected to the mounting plate and to the edge of the airbag.

[0015] A bimetallic strip is connected to the inner wall of the box, and a V-shaped spring is connected to the end of the bimetallic strip, which clamps the edge of the airbag.

[0016] The deformation temperature of the bimetallic strip is 120℃±5℃. By adopting the above technical solution, a mounting plate and a pressure relief cylinder penetrating the top surface of the enclosure are installed on the top of the enclosure. This reduces the impact of excessive internal pressure on the enclosure and transmits it to the outside. The arched design of the pressure relief membrane facilitates precise control of the pressure rupture path. The foam metal block absorbs kinetic energy during the release process, reducing fragmentation. The vibration of the spring on the annular base can alert personnel to any abnormalities in the enclosure. The airbag of the fire extinguishing device is filled with a mixture of perfluorohexanone and nitrogen, which can extinguish open flames in the event of a fire. The heat-sensitive microcapsule layer and the bimetallic strip allow for more precise control of airbag release, reducing false alarms. Optionally, the pressure relief cylinder is equipped with a protective net, with a gap between the protective net and the surface of the annular base away from the foam metal. A pressure relief cap is rotatably connected to the end of the pressure relief cylinder away from the enclosure. By adopting the above technical solution, the protective net can block the debris generated when the pressure relief membrane, foam metal block, and annular base are impacted, preventing external debris from entering the pressure relief cylinder and ensuring the normal operation of the pressure relief device. The pressure relief cover, which is rotatably connected to the end of the pressure relief cylinder away from the housing, can prevent external rainwater from wetting the foam metal block inside the pressure relief cylinder, and can quickly open upon impact to expel the airflow impacting the housing. Optionally, a heat dissipation device is also installed inside the housing, including a drive motor installed inside the housing; a drive pipe is installed outside the pressure relief cylinder, and the drive pipe is connected to the drive motor via a belt; multiple fan blades are provided on the surface of the drive pipe, and an annular air outlet plate is provided on the mounting plate. The inner wall of the air outlet plate is connected to the outer wall of the pressure relief cylinder, and the air outlet plate and the pressure relief cylinder are coaxially arranged. By adopting the above technical solution, a heat dissipation device is installed inside the enclosure. A drive motor rotates a drive pipe fitted outside the pressure relief cylinder, causing multiple fan blades on the surface of the drive pipe to rotate. Combined with the annular air outlet plate on the mounting plate, this promotes airflow circulation within the enclosure, achieving heat dissipation, reducing the enclosure temperature, and ensuring stable operation of the European-style transformer substation. Optionally, several air inlet holes are provided on the top of the enclosure, and waterproof covers are installed at these air inlet holes. By adopting the above technical solution, the air inlet holes allow outside air to flow into the enclosure when the fan rotates, forming airflow circulation with the heat dissipation holes to achieve internal heat dissipation. The waterproof covers reduce the possibility of rainwater flowing into the enclosure through the air inlet holes and reduce the entry of external dust into the enclosure. Optionally, a connecting groove is provided on the outer wall of the pressure relief cylinder. Several ball bearings are provided on the two opposite inner walls of the connecting groove. Multiple snap-fit ​​blocks pass through the drive pipe, and snap-fit ​​grooves are provided on the snap-fit ​​blocks. The ball bearings rotate along the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​grooves.By adopting the above technical solution, the drive pipe and pressure relief pipe are detachably connected, reducing the frictional resistance encountered when the drive pipe rotates. It also enables the enclosure to perform heat dissipation, pressure relief, fire extinguishing, and warning functions. A pressure relief cylinder penetrating the top surface of the enclosure reduces the impact of pressure on the enclosure and transmits it to the outside. A foam metal block absorbs the kinetic energy during the release process, a reed vibrates to emit a sound to warn personnel, the fire extinguishing device releases extinguishing agent during a fire, the drive motor drives the fan blades to rotate, promoting heat exchange between the inside and outside of the enclosure, and the air inlet and heat dissipation holes work together to promote airflow circulation. Optionally, a fixed pipe is provided on the mounting plate. A drive groove is formed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe near the drive pipe. A push rod is provided on the inner wall of the drive groove away from the mounting plate, penetrating the fixed pipe. A rotating ring is provided at the end of the fan blade away from the drive pipe, extending into the fixed pipe. The upper end face of the lifting ring abuts against the end of the push rod, and a drive block is connected to the upper end face of the rotating ring. A lifting ring is slidably connected to the upper end face of the fixed pipe. The drive block controls the push rod to push the lifting ring, which is connected to a clamping block via a pull rod. By adopting the above technical solution, a mounting plate is connected to the top of the enclosure. The mounting plate has a pressure relief cylinder that penetrates the top surface of the enclosure. The pressure relief cylinder contains a pressure relief membrane, a foam metal block, and an annular base. The enclosure contains a fire extinguishing device, which includes an airbag filled with a mixture of perfluorohexanone and nitrogen gas and coated with a heat-sensitive microcapsule layer, as well as a clamping block connected to the mounting plate, a bimetallic strip connected to the inner wall of the enclosure, and a spring connected to its end. These features enable pressure relief, warning, and fire extinguishing functions. On this basis, a fixed pipe is installed on the mounting plate. The inner wall of the fixed pipe has a drive groove and a push rod. A rotating ring is installed at the end of the fan blade. The rotating ring extends into the fixed pipe, and a drive block is installed on its upper end face. A lifting ring is installed on the upper end face of the fixed pipe. The drive block controls the push rod to push the lifting ring. The lifting ring is connected to the clamping block through a pull rod, so that when the fan blade rotates, it can drive the push rod and the lifting ring to move. In turn, the clamping block controls the up and down movement of the airbag, increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the enclosure and the outside environment, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the enclosure. Optionally, the fixed tube is provided with several connecting posts, and the lifting ring has several connecting holes corresponding to the number of connecting posts. The connecting posts are inserted into the connecting holes. By adopting the above technical solution, a fixed tube is set on the mounting plate, a drive groove is opened on the inner wall of the fixed tube and a push rod is set, a rotating ring and a drive block are set at the end of the fan blade, and a lifting ring is set on the upper end face of the fixed tube. The drive block controls the push rod to push the lifting ring. The lifting ring is connected to the clamping block through a pull rod, which can drive the lifting ring to move back and forth away from and towards the fixed tube. On this basis, the fixed tube is provided with connecting posts, and the lifting ring has connecting holes and the connecting posts are inserted into the connecting holes, which can guide and position the movement of the lifting ring, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the movement of the lifting ring, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement of the airbag driven by the clamping block, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the box and the outside, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the box. Optionally, a sliding groove is opened on the outer wall of the fixed tube away from the drive tube, the clamping block is set in the sliding groove, and the pull rod is connected to the lower end face of the lifting ring, with the pull rod extending into the sliding groove.By adopting the above technical solution, a sliding groove is opened on the outer wall of the fixed tube, and the clamping block is placed in the sliding groove. The pull rod is connected to the lower end face of the lifting ring and extends into the sliding groove. This allows the lifting ring to drive the clamping block to slide stably along the sliding groove, thereby controlling the up and down movement of the airbag, increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the box and the outside, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the box. Optionally, the push rod is connected to the fixed tube by a spring, and a rubber block is connected to the end of the push rod. A positioning groove is opened on the lower end face of the lifting ring, and the rubber block at one end of the push rod extends into the positioning groove. By adopting the above technical solution, the spring connecting the push rod and the fixed tube can give the push rod an elastic buffering effect. Connecting the rubber block to the end of the push rod and letting it extend into the positioning groove on the lower end face of the lifting ring can reduce the friction loss between the drive block and the push rod, realize a more stable drive of the push rod on the lifting ring, and drive the lifting ring to move back and forth away from and towards the fixed tube. This, in turn, drives the clamping block to move through the pull rod, controls the up and down movement of the airbag, increases the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the box and the outside, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the box.

[0017] Optionally, a temperature sensor is installed inside the enclosure, electrically connected to the drive motor. A photosensitive sensor is installed on the spring clip, also electrically connected to the drive motor. By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature sensor can adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor according to the temperature inside the enclosure, thereby increasing the heat dissipation efficiency of the enclosure. When the spring clip opens, the photosensitive sensor can send an electrical signal to the drive motor, causing the drive motor to stop running, thus preventing the drive motor from providing oxygen support to the enclosure in the event of an accident inside the enclosure.

[0018] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] 1. The foam metal block inside the pressure relief cylinder can absorb the kinetic energy during the release process and reduce the splashing of debris. The spring of the ring base vibrates and makes a sound under the impact of airflow, which can alert the staff to detect abnormalities in the box in time.

[0020] 2. The fire extinguishing device adopts dual control of bimetallic strip and thermosensitive microcapsule. The spring first releases the airbag under the action of the bimetallic strip. The end of the airbag near the side wall of the box falls down and covers the electrical components. Then, after the thermosensitive microcapsule ruptures, the airbag releases the extinguishing agent to extinguish the open flame and reduce false activation.

[0021] 3. The heat dissipation device's drive pipe drives the fan blades to rotate, creating airflow circulation inside and outside the chamber. The temperature sensor can adjust the drive motor speed according to the temperature inside the chamber, improving heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, in conjunction with the fire extinguishing device, the movement of the airbag increases the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the chamber and the outside environment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0023] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of the present application, mainly illustrating the airbag;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present application, mainly showing the pressure relief cylinder and the heat dissipation device;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the pressure relief cylinder in this application;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along plane AA;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0029] Attached Figure Descriptions: 1. Housing; 2. Photosensitive Sensor; 3. Mounting Plate; 4. Pressure Relief Cylinder; 5. Pressure Relief Diaphragm; 6. Foam Metal Block; 7. Annular Base; 8. Arched Surface; 9. Cross-shaped Knife Groove; 10. Spring; 11. Protective Net; 12. Pressure Relief Cover; 13. Drive Pipe; 14. Drive Motor; 15. Snap-fit ​​Block; 16. Rubber Ring; 17. Ball Bearing; 18. Fan Blade; 19. Exhaust Plate; 20. Exhaust Hole; 21. Heat Dissipation Hole; 22. Air Intake Hole; 23. Protective Film. 24. Water cover; 25. Dustproof net; 26. Fixing pipe; 27. Drive groove; 28. Push rod; 29. ​​Rotating ring; 30. Drive block; 31. Rubber block; 32. Lifting ring; 33. Connecting column; 34. Positioning groove; 35. Connecting hole; 36. Sliding groove; 37. Clamping block; 3601. First clamping plate; 3602. Second clamping plate; 38. Pull rod; 39. Fixing plate; 40. Bimetallic strip; 41. Spring; 42. Airbag; 43. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 7 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0031] A type of European-style box-type transformer, reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 The enclosure includes a housing 1, with a pressure relief cylinder 4 fixedly connected to the top surface of the housing 1 and a mounting plate 3 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the pressure relief cylinder 4. The pressure relief cylinder 4 penetrates the top surface of the housing 1 and is used to reduce the pressure impact on the housing 1 and conduct it to the outside when the internal pressure of the housing 1 is too high. In addition, the housing 1 also includes a heat dissipation device and a fire extinguishing device. The heat dissipation device continuously cools the interior of the housing 1 under normal conditions, and the fire extinguishing device extinguishes open flames in the event of a fire inside the housing 1.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The pressure relief cylinder 4 is inverted conical in shape, and its lower end face is flush with the lower end face of the mounting plate 3. Inside the pressure relief cylinder 4, from bottom to top, there are a pressure relief diaphragm 5, a foam metal block 6, and an annular base 7. The pressure relief diaphragm 5 is made of 316L stainless steel matrix with a fluororubber sealing layer, and has a burst pressure of 25kPa±0.25kPa. In addition, its edge is flush with the lower end face of the mounting plate 3, and an arched surface 8 protruding towards the bottom surface of the box 1 is integrally formed in the middle. At the same time, a cross groove 9 is opened on the surface of the arched surface 8 near the bottom surface of the box 1 to control the path of the pressure relief diaphragm 5 when it is under pressure and bursts.

[0033] The outer wall of the foam metal block 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder 4, and a gap is provided between the foam metal block 6 and the pressure relief membrane 5. The foam metal block 6 can effectively absorb the kinetic energy during the pressure relief process. When the high-pressure airflow passes through the foam metal block 6, the porous structure hinders the airflow, thereby reducing the airflow speed and energy, and minimizing debris splashing.

[0034] In addition, the foam metal block 6 has a load-bearing layer, a transition layer, and an energy-absorbing layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The load-bearing layer uses foam metal blocks 6 with parameters of PPI 25-30, porosity 70%-75%, and a thickness of 10mm±1mm. Its small pore size and high number of pores per unit area form a dense support lattice, effectively absorbing kinetic energy during the release process. Simultaneously, the high volumetric porosity results in high material density, effectively improving compressive strength. The transition layer uses foam metal blocks 6 with parameters of PPI 15-20, porosity 80%-85%, and a thickness of 15mm±1mm, effectively smoothing airflow and stress diffusion, avoiding sudden changes in interface stress. The energy-absorbing layer uses foam metal blocks 6 with parameters of PPI 10-15, porosity 85%-88%, and a thickness of 20mm±1mm. Its larger surface pore size effectively reduces airflow resistance. Simultaneously, the high porosity extends the airflow path, increasing the dissipation of impact kinetic energy, thereby achieving the purpose of absorbing impact kinetic energy.

[0035] The arc-shaped outer surface of the annular base 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder 4. At the same time, a gap is provided between the annular base 7 and the foam metal block 6. Several springs 10 are fixedly connected to the inner ring wall of the annular base 7, and the end of the spring 10 near the foam metal block is inclined towards the axis of the annular base 7 at an angle of 30°. The airflow from the foam metal block impacts the spring 10, and the symmetrical Karman vortex street effect of the airflow causes the spring 10 to vibrate and emit a stable buzzing sound, thereby alerting the staff to promptly detect abnormalities in the box 1.

[0036] A protective net 11 is installed inside the upper end of the pressure relief cylinder 4 above the annular base 7. The protective net 11 is used to prevent fragments generated when the pressure relief membrane 5, the foam metal block 6, and the annular base 7 are impacted and fly out. At the same time, it can prevent external debris from entering the pressure relief cylinder 4, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the pressure relief device. In addition, a pressure relief cover 12 is rotatably connected to the end of the pressure relief cylinder 4 that extends out of the housing 1. This prevents external rainwater from wetting the foam metal block 6 inside the pressure relief cylinder 4. At the same time, when impacted, the pressure relief cover 12 opens quickly to discharge the airflow impacting the housing 1.

[0037] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 The heat dissipation device includes a drive pipe 13 coaxially arranged with the pressure relief cylinder 4, and a drive motor 14 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the housing 1. The drive motor 14 is connected to the drive pipe 13 via a belt. At the same time, two sets of snap-fit ​​groups are connected through the side wall of the drive pipe 13 and fixed with screws. The two sets of snap-fit ​​groups are located on the upper end face and the lower end face of the drive pipe 13, respectively. Each set of snap-fit ​​groups has three snap-fit ​​blocks 15, and the snap-fit ​​blocks 15 are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves. In addition, the surface of the pressure relief cylinder 4 has two connecting grooves corresponding to the positions of the two sets of snap-fit ​​groups. Rubber rings 16 are fixed on the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the connecting grooves. Several ball bearing 17 grooves are opened in the rubber rings 16. Ball bearings 17 are arranged in the ball bearing 17 grooves. The snap-fit ​​block 15 is inserted into the connecting groove, and the ball bearings 17 extend into the snap-fit ​​grooves. When the drive tube 13 rotates, the ball bearings 17 slide in the snap-fit ​​grooves, thereby detachably connecting the drive tube 13 and the pressure relief pipe and reducing the frictional resistance encountered by the drive tube 13 when it rotates.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 Multiple fan blades 18 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive tube 13. An annular air outlet plate 19 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 3 at the projection of the fan blades 18. The air outlet plate 19 is coaxially arranged with the pressure relief cylinder 4 and its inner wall is fixedly connected to the pressure relief cylinder 4. Several air outlet holes 20 are opened on the air outlet plate 19.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 The top of the housing 1 has several air inlet holes 22, and the housing 1 has several heat dissipation holes 21. When the fan rotates, outside air flows in through the air inlet holes 22 and flows out through the heat dissipation holes 21, thus forming an airflow circulation inside the housing 1. A downward-sloping waterproof cover 23 is fixedly connected to the surface of the housing 1, covering the air inlet holes 22. One side of the waterproof cover 23 fits with the surface of the housing 1 to form an air inlet, and a dustproof net 24 is fixedly connected to the air inlet of the waterproof cover 23, thereby reducing the flow of rainwater into the housing 1 through the air inlet holes 22, and also reducing the amount of dust entering the housing 1.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 A fixing tube 25 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the mounting plate 3. The fixing tube 25 is coaxially arranged with the drive tube 13, and a drive groove 26 is formed on the inner wall of the fixing tube 25. Three push rods 27 are inserted into the fixing tube 25 at equal intervals. One end of the push rod 27 extends into the drive groove 26, and the other end extends towards the top surface of the housing 1. A rotating ring 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the fan blade 18 away from the drive tube 13. The rotating ring 28 extends into the drive groove 26, and three drive blocks 29 corresponding to the push rods 27 are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the rotating ring 28. The surface of the drive blocks 29 smoothly transitions with the upper end face of the rotating ring 28, so that when the fan blade 18 rotates, the three push rods 27 can move up and down synchronously under the action of the three drive blocks 29. Rubber blocks 30 are fixedly connected to both ends of the push rods 27 to reduce frictional wear between the drive blocks 29 and the push rods 27.

[0041] A lifting ring 31 is slidably connected to the upper end face of the fixed tube 25. Simultaneously, multiple connecting posts 32 are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the fixed tube 25. The lifting ring 31 has connecting holes 34 whose number and position correspond to the connecting posts 32, and the connecting posts 32 are inserted into the connecting holes 34. Additionally, the lifting ring 31 has three positioning grooves 33 whose positions correspond to the push rod 27. The push rod 27 and the rubber block 30 at its upper end extend into the positioning grooves 33, thereby enabling the push rod 27 to drive the lifting ring 31 to move back and forth towards and away from the fixed tube 25.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 The outer surface of the fixed tube 25 has eight sliding grooves 35, and a clamping block 36 is slidably connected in each sliding groove 35. A pull rod 37 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the clamping block 36, and the upper end face of the pull rod 37 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the lifting ring 31. The clamping block 36 includes a first clamping plate 3601 and a second clamping plate 3602. The first clamping plate 3601 is connected to the pull rod 37, and the second clamping plate 3602 is connected to the first clamping plate 3601 by bolts. In addition, eight fixing plates 38 corresponding to the clamping blocks 36 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing 1. Bimetallic strips 39 are fixedly connected to the fixing plates 38. V-shaped springs 40 are fixedly connected to the ends of the bimetallic strips 39. The bimetallic strips 39 are bent in normal conditions so that the two ends of the V-shaped springs 40 are closed and in contact. The deformation temperature of the bimetallic strips 39 is 120℃±5℃. When the internal temperature reaches the standard, the bimetallic strips 39 deform and the springs 40 open.

[0043] The first clamping plate 3601, the second clamping plate 3602, and the spring clip 40 work together to clamp the airbag 41, which is located above the housing 1. The airbag 41 includes a clamping part and an inflation part. The clamping part is connected to the clamping block 36 and the spring clip 40. The inflation part is filled with a mixture of perfluorohexanone and nitrogen gas, and the surface of the airbag 41 is coated with a thermosensitive microcapsule layer. The rupture temperature of the thermosensitive microcapsules is 150℃±5℃. When an accidental fire occurs inside the housing 1, the spring clip 40, under the action of the bimetallic strip 39, first releases the airbag 41, causing the end of the airbag 41 near the side wall of the housing 1 to fall downwards and cover the sides and top of the electrical components inside the housing 1. Subsequently, the airbag 41 ruptures, releasing perfluorohexanone and nitrogen gas, thereby extinguishing the open flame.

[0044] Furthermore, one end of the airbag 41 slides up and down under the action of the clamping block 36. When the clamping block 36 controls the airbag 41 to slide upward, the space of the box 1 below the airbag 41 increases, allowing external airflow to flow in through the heat dissipation hole 21. The space of the box 1 above the airbag 41 decreases, allowing the hot air originally located above the gas in the box 1 to flow out through the air inlet hole 22. Conversely, when the space below the airbag 41 decreases, the hot air originally located below the gas in the box 1 can flow out through the heat dissipation hole 21, and the space of the box 1 above the airbag increases, allowing external airflow to flow in through the air inlet hole 22. Through the above-described movement, the airbag 41 increases the heat exchange efficiency between the inside of the box 1 and the outside, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the box 1.

[0045] A temperature sensor 42 is fixedly connected inside the housing 1. The temperature sensor 42 is electrically connected to the drive motor 14. The temperature sensor 42 can adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor 14 according to the temperature inside the housing 1, thereby increasing the heat dissipation efficiency of the housing 1. In addition, a photosensitive sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the spring 40. The photosensitive sensor 2 is electrically connected to the drive motor 14. When the spring 40 is opened, the photosensitive sensor 2 sends an electrical signal to the drive motor 14, causing the drive motor 14 to stop running, so as to prevent the drive motor 14 from providing oxygen support to the housing 1 in the event of an accident inside the housing 1.

[0046] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: The European-style box-type transformer in this application embodiment integrates pressure relief, fire extinguishing and heat dissipation functions, and uses sensors for collaborative control to achieve efficient and safe operation. Its core principle lies in the linkage response of multiple components.

[0047] When the pressure inside the chamber 1 rises abnormally due to a malfunction (such as an arc fault), the arched surface 8 of the pressure relief membrane 5 (burst pressure 25kPa±0.5kPa) ruptures preferentially along the pre-set cross groove 9, and the high-pressure airflow is released through the pressure relief cylinder 4. The foam metal block 6 (composed of a multi-layer structure with PPI 10-30 and porosity of 70%-88%) absorbs the kinetic energy of the airflow, reducing fragment splashing; subsequently, the airflow impacts the reed 10 of the annular base 7, causing the reed 10 to vibrate and produce sound (such as a buzzer) using the Karman vortex street effect, providing an acoustic warning to the staff. The protective net 11 blocks fragment splashing outwards, and the pressure relief cover 12 automatically opens under the impact of the airflow, ensuring that the pressure relief channel is unobstructed.

[0048] When the temperature inside the enclosure 1 rises to the deformation temperature of the bimetallic strip 39 (120℃±5℃), the bimetallic strip 39 deforms, driving the V-shaped spring 40 to open and releasing the edge of the airbag 41. The airbag 41 falls downwards under the influence of gravity, covering the electrical components (such as transformers or switching equipment) inside the enclosure 1. If the temperature continues to rise to the rupture temperature of the thermosensitive microcapsule (150℃±5℃), the microcapsule layer ruptures, and the airbag 41 releases a mixture of perfluorohexanone and nitrogen. The perfluorohexanone rapidly vaporizes, absorbs heat, and isolates oxygen, extinguishing the open flame. At the same time, the nitrogen dilutes the flammable gas, preventing reignition. By first releasing the airbag 41 with the bimetallic strip 39 for positioning, and then triggering the fire extinguishing with the thermosensitive microcapsule, false alarms caused by ambient temperature fluctuations are reduced, improving the accuracy of fire extinguishing.

[0049] Temperature sensor 42 monitors the temperature inside the chamber in real time. When the temperature exceeds the set threshold, drive motor 14 drives drive tube 13 to rotate via belt. Fan blade 18 rotates, causing outside air to flow into chamber 1 through air inlet 22 (with waterproof cover 23 and dustproof net 24). Hot air is discharged from heat dissipation hole 21, forming airflow circulation for heat dissipation.

[0050] When the fan blade 18 rotates, the drive block 29 of the rotating ring 28 pushes the push rod 27, causing the lifting ring 31 to move up and down along the guide post 32. This, in turn, drives the clamping block 36 via the pull rod 37 to control the periodic raising and lowering of the airbag 41. When the airbag 41 rises, the lower space of the housing 1 increases, allowing external cold air to flow in through the heat dissipation hole 21; when the airbag 41 descends, the upper space of the housing 1 increases, allowing hot air to be discharged through the air inlet hole 22. This movement significantly enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the inside and outside of the housing 1, accelerating heat dissipation.

[0051] When the spring 40 opens (fire extinguishing activation), the photosensitive sensor 2 detects a change in the light signal and immediately sends an electrical signal to the drive motor 14, causing it to stop operating and preventing the cooling airflow from supplying oxygen to the fire area. The temperature sensor 42 dynamically adjusts the speed of the drive motor 14 to optimize heat dissipation efficiency; at the same time, the pressure relief, fire extinguishing, and heat dissipation components share the structure of the pressure relief cylinder 4 and the mounting plate 3, reducing space occupation and improving response speed.

[0052] In summary, this embodiment solves the problems of no buffering during pressure relief, high false alarm rate during fire extinguishing, and delayed heat dissipation in the prior art by synergistically combining pressure relief kinetic energy absorption with audible and visual warnings, dual temperature control release for fire extinguishing, and dynamic heat exchange of the cooling airflow circulation with the airbag 41. This achieves safe, efficient, and adaptive operation of the transformer substation.

[0053] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A European-style prefabricated transformer, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The top of the box (1) is connected to a mounting plate (3), and the mounting plate (3) is provided with a pressure relief cylinder (4) that penetrates the top surface of the box (1); The pressure relief cylinder (4) is provided with the following components from bottom to top: The pressure relief membrane (5) is flush with the surface of the mounting plate (3), and the pressure relief membrane (5) is provided with an arched surface (8) protruding towards the bottom surface of the box (1); A foam metal block (6) is connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder (4); The annular base (7) has multiple reeds (10) arranged in its inner ring. The reeds (10) can make a sound when they vibrate. The housing (1) is equipped with a fire extinguishing device, which includes: The airbag (41) is filled with a mixture of perfluorohexanone and nitrogen, and its surface is coated with a thermosensitive microcapsule layer, wherein the rupture temperature of the thermosensitive microcapsule is 150℃±5℃. A clamping block (36) is connected to the mounting plate (3), and the clamping block (36) is connected to the edge of the airbag (41); A bimetallic strip (39) is connected to the inner wall of the box (1), and a V-shaped spring (40) is connected to the end of the bimetallic strip (39). The spring (40) clamps the edge of the airbag (41). The deformation temperature of the bimetallic strip (39) is 120℃±5℃; The housing (1) is also equipped with a heat dissipation device, which includes a drive motor (14) installed inside the housing (1); The pressure relief cylinder (4) is fitted with a drive pipe (13), which is connected to the drive motor (14) via a belt; The surface of the drive tube (13) is provided with a plurality of fan blades (18), the mounting plate (3) is provided with an annular air outlet plate (19), the inner wall of the air outlet plate (19) is connected to the outer wall of the pressure relief cylinder (4), and the air outlet plate (19) and the pressure relief cylinder (4) are coaxially arranged. The mounting plate (3) is provided with a fixing tube (25), and the inner wall of the fixing tube (25) near the driving tube (13) is provided with a driving groove (26). The inner wall of the driving groove (26) away from the mounting plate (3) is provided with a push rod (27), and the push rod (27) passes through the fixing tube (25). A rotating ring (28) is provided at the end of the fan blade (18) away from the drive tube (13). The rotating ring (28) extends into the fixed tube (25). A lifting ring (31) is slidably connected to the upper end face of the fixed tube (25). The lifting ring (31) abuts against the end of the push rod (27). A drive block (29) is connected to the upper end face of the rotating ring (28). The drive block (29) controls the push rod (27) to push the lifting ring (31). The lifting ring (31) is connected to the clamping block (36) through the pull rod (37).

2. The European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief cylinder (4) is provided with a protective net (11). The protective net (11) and the annular base (7) are provided with a gap on the side surface away from the foam metal. The pressure relief cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to a pressure relief cover (12) at the end away from the box (1).

3. The European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the box (1) is provided with several air inlet holes (22), and a waterproof cover (23) is provided at the air inlet holes (22) on the top of the box (1).

4. A European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pressure relief cylinder (4) is provided with a connecting groove, and a number of balls (17) are provided on the two opposite inner walls of the connecting groove. The drive tube (13) passes through a number of snap-fit ​​blocks (15), and snap-fit ​​grooves are provided on the snap-fit ​​blocks (15). The balls (17) rotate along the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​grooves.

5. A European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed tube (25) is provided with a number of connecting posts (32), and the lifting ring (31) is provided with a number of connecting holes (34) corresponding to the number of connecting posts (32). The connecting posts (32) are inserted into the connecting holes (34).

6. A European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixed tube (25) away from the drive tube (13) has a sliding groove (35), the clamping block (36) is set in the sliding groove (35), the pull rod (37) is connected to the lower end face of the lifting ring (31), and the pull rod (37) extends into the sliding groove (35).

7. A European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (27) is connected to the fixed tube (25) by a spring, and a rubber block (30) is connected to the end of the push rod (27). The lower end face of the lifting ring (31) is provided with a positioning groove (33), and the rubber block (30) at one end of the push rod (27) extends into the positioning groove (33).

8. A European-style prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (42) is installed inside the housing (1), and the temperature sensor (42) is electrically connected to the drive motor (14). A photosensitive sensor (2) is installed on the spring sheet (40), and the photosensitive sensor (2) is electrically connected to the drive motor (14).

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