Method, system and equipment for estimating primary frequency modulation margin of hydroelectric generating set in real time and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power system dynamic monitoring, and discloses a hydroelectric generating set primary frequency modulation margin real-time estimation method, system and device and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: collecting hydraulic engineering measurement water head and guide vane opening data in real time, and calculating an upper adjustment margin and a lower adjustment margin of the guide vane opening according to the current guide vane opening data; calculating an upper adjustment margin and a lower adjustment margin of the current active power in combination with the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve; and displaying the upward adjustment margin and the downward adjustment margin of the grid-connected unit of the system in a classified manner through a visual interface according to a calculation result so as to realize real-time estimation of the primary frequency modulation margin of the hydroelectric generating set. The primary frequency modulation margin of the hydroelectric generating set is calculated through the function relation of the water head, the opening degree and the power, and support is provided for dispatching operation of a power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dynamic monitoring technology for power systems, and in particular to a method, system, equipment, and medium for real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units. Background Technology

[0002] With the changing energy structure, low-carbon and green new energy power generation is playing an increasingly important role in the entire power system. However, due to the high uncertainty of new energy sources and the small amount of reserve energy for rapid regulation, higher demands are placed on the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of the power grid in new power systems with a high proportion of new energy sources. Hydropower units, due to their fast response speed, high regulation accuracy, and strong output controllability, have always been an important resource for primary frequency regulation of the system.

[0003] Current power dispatching systems generally focus on the response of generating units after actual frequency regulation events occur, and evaluate the frequency regulation performance of these units based on their actual output and power response. However, such evaluations are often lagging, unable to dynamically predict current frequency regulation capabilities, and difficult to accurately grasp the adjustability of various power sources before grid frequency disturbances, especially the upper and lower regulation margins of primary frequency regulation. Furthermore, due to a lack of high-precision measurement methods and real-time estimation tools, some power generation companies have an unclear understanding of their own frequency regulation margins, resulting in slow frequency regulation response or insufficient investment, affecting the frequency stability of the entire system.

[0004] In recent years, with the advancement of digital power plant construction, real-time acquisition of unit operating parameters (such as head and guide vane opening) has become possible, providing a data foundation for the dynamic estimation of primary frequency regulation margin. By establishing a mapping relationship between head, guide vane opening, and active power output of the unit, and introducing the constraints of the national standard GB / T 40595-2021 on the frequency regulation capability of hydropower units, the upper and lower regulation margins of each hydropower unit can be evaluated online in real time. These units can then be grouped and sorted according to their capacity, response speed, and other characteristics, facilitating rapid assessment of frequency regulation capability by operators. This method possesses advantages such as clear computational logic, fast response speed, and low implementation cost, helping to improve power generation companies' control over primary frequency regulation capability and providing frequency regulation auxiliary decision support for power dispatching departments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the problem solved by the real-time estimation method, system, equipment and medium for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units provided by the present invention is that the existing technology cannot predict the frequency regulation capability of hydropower units in real time, and can only perform lag evaluation after the occurrence of frequency regulation events, resulting in insufficient dynamic grasp of the system frequency regulation margin and affecting the frequency stability of the power grid.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of a hydropower unit, comprising:

[0009] Real-time data collection of hydraulic head and guide vane opening, and calculation of upper and lower adjustment margins of guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data;

[0010] Based on the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve, calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power.

[0011] The calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, categorizing and showing the upward and downward regulation margins of the grid-connected units, so as to achieve real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units described in this invention, when calculating the upper and lower regulation margins of the current active power, constraints on the frequency regulation capability of the hydropower unit need to be considered, including constraints on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation loop and constraints on the permanent slip coefficient.

[0013] The constraint on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit is that the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit program of the hydropower unit shall not exceed the first threshold.

[0014] The constraint on the permanent slip coefficient is that the permanent slip coefficient does not exceed the second threshold in the opening adjustment mode, and the permanent power difference coefficient does not exceed the third threshold in the power adjustment mode.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units described in this invention, wherein: based on the constraint on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation loop, the resolution of head and guide vane opening measurement is calculated to be no less than the fourth threshold.

[0016] The primary frequency modulation loop operation cycle is the sum of the operating cycle time during head and guide vane opening measurement, the computer calculation time for the primary frequency modulation margin time, and the output time to the display interface.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units described in this invention, the calculation of the upper and lower regulation margins of the guide vane opening includes:

[0018] The current guide vane opening is obtained in real time through an online measurement system;

[0019] The upper adjustment margin of the guide vane opening is the adjustment space from the current guide vane opening upwards to the maximum allowable opening; the lower adjustment margin of the guide vane opening is the adjustment space from the current guide vane opening downwards to the minimum allowable opening.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time estimation method for the primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units described in this invention, the acquisition of the first conversion curve includes:

[0021] Maintain a constant water head for hydraulic measurement, gradually adjust the guide vane opening, and record the corresponding active power output of the unit;

[0022] Change to another hydraulic head measurement condition, repeat the above process and record the triplet data;

[0023] By determining the percentage of active power output of the unit under different guide vane openings and different heads, the ternary data is transformed into a three-dimensional surface of head-guide vane opening-output.

[0024] The advantages of this preferred technical solution are: it significantly simplifies the calculation process, enables millisecond-level response, and has good adaptability to power grid frequency regulation and dispatch scenarios with high real-time requirements.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time estimation method for the primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units described in this invention, the calculation of the upper and lower regulation margins of the current active power includes:

[0026] The upper and lower limits of the guide vane opening are determined based on the unit's technical parameters;

[0027] By real-time monitoring, the current hydraulic head and guide vane opening data are obtained, and combined with the pre-established first conversion curve, the power values ​​corresponding to the guide vane opening being increased to the upper limit and decreased to the lower limit are calculated respectively.

[0028] By comparing the power values ​​corresponding to the increase to the upper limit and decrease to the lower limit of the guide vane opening with the current actual power value, the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power are obtained.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are: it dynamically estimates the upper and lower adjustment margins under undisturbed conditions, provides grid dispatchers with situational awareness of frequency regulation capabilities, and makes up for the shortcomings of traditional static capability evaluation.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units described in this invention, the calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, classifying and showing the upward and downward regulation margins of the grid-connected units. The calculation results can be used as input variables for the power grid AGC control strategy to optimize the dynamic adjustment of regional control errors.

[0031] When the calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, they are grouped and sorted according to the capacity and response speed characteristics of different hydropower units. When the upward or downward adjustment margin of a certain unit is lower than the set value, it will be automatically highlighted in the graphical interface or table, and linked to the map and information panel to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are: enhancing the automation and precision of frequency regulation task allocation, and realizing intelligent coordination between power plant and power grid dispatch.

[0033] Secondly, this invention provides a real-time estimation system for the primary frequency regulation margin of a hydropower unit, comprising:

[0034] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data on hydraulic measurement head and guide vane opening.

[0035] The first calculation module is used to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data.

[0036] The second calculation module is used to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power by combining the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve.

[0037] The visualization module is used to classify and display the calculation results through a visual interface, showing the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units in the system, so as to realize the real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units.

[0038] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions to implement the steps of a real-time estimation method for the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit.

[0039] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of a method for real-time estimation of the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] ① Existing methods for assessing the primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units mostly require complex procedures and large amounts of computation, lacking a fast and effective method for assessing the primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units. This invention significantly simplifies the calculation process by real-time acquisition of guide vane opening and head, and by using a simple mapping relationship of the conversion curves. It can achieve millisecond-level response and has good adaptability to power grid frequency regulation and dispatch scenarios with high real-time requirements;

[0042] ② Existing primary frequency regulation performance assessments mainly rely on post-event data analysis, lacking methods for predicting potential frequency regulation capabilities. This invention can dynamically estimate the upper and lower regulation margins under undisturbed conditions, providing grid dispatchers with situational awareness of frequency regulation capabilities and compensating for the shortcomings of traditional static capability assessments;

[0043] ③ The estimation results of this invention can be integrated with the AGC system as boundary conditions for regional ACE control or as a basis for selecting priority units, further enhancing the automation and precision allocation capabilities of frequency regulation tasks and realizing intelligent coordination between power plants and grid dispatch.

[0044] ④ This invention can provide data-driven primary frequency margin assessment results, which can serve as the basis for market pricing, performance evaluation, and assessment compensation, thus helping to enhance the market competitiveness of hydropower units. This invention is applicable to various types of hydropower units, including conventional hydropower and pumped storage power stations, and can dynamically adjust the estimation strategy according to actual head changes and operating modes (constant operating degree / constant power), possessing a certain degree of self-adaptive capability. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process logic of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is an overall flowchart of a real-time estimation method for the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the head, guide vane opening, and power conversion curves of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of a hydropower unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a typical primary frequency control margin display interface for a real-time estimation method for primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 As one embodiment of the present invention, a method for real-time estimation of the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit is provided, which can realize the real-time calculation, recording, and display of the primary frequency control margin of the hydropower unit. For example... Figure 1 The specific steps shown are as follows:

[0052] S100: Real-time acquisition of hydraulic head and guide vane opening data, and calculation of upper and lower adjustment margins of guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data;

[0053] S200: Calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power by combining the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve;

[0054] S300: The calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, classifying and showing the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units, so as to realize the real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units.

[0055] It should be noted that, to address the problem that existing technologies cannot predict the frequency regulation capacity of hydropower units in real time, and can only perform delayed evaluations after a frequency regulation event occurs, resulting in insufficient dynamic control of the system's frequency regulation margin and affecting the stability of the power grid frequency, the above steps S100 to S300 significantly simplify the calculation process by real-time acquisition of guide vane opening and head, and a simple mapping relationship of the conversion curves. This enables millisecond-level response and has good adaptability to power grid frequency regulation scheduling scenarios with high real-time requirements. Existing primary frequency regulation performance assessment mainly relies on data analysis after an event occurs, lacking means to predict potential frequency regulation capacity. This invention can dynamically estimate the upper and lower regulation margins under undisturbed conditions, providing power grid dispatchers with frequency regulation capacity situational awareness and making up for the shortcomings of traditional static capacity evaluation. In addition, the estimation results of this invention can be integrated with the AGC system as boundary conditions for regional ACE control or as a basis for selecting priority units, further enhancing the automation and precision allocation capabilities of frequency regulation tasks and realizing intelligent collaboration between power plants and power grid dispatch.

[0056] It should be noted that this invention can provide data-driven primary frequency margin assessment results, which can serve as the basis for market pricing, performance evaluation, and assessment compensation, thus helping to enhance the market competitiveness of hydropower units. This invention is applicable to various types of hydropower units, including conventional hydropower and pumped storage power stations, and can dynamically adjust the estimation strategy according to actual head changes and operating modes (constant operating degree / constant power), possessing a certain degree of self-adaptability.

[0057] Example 2, refer to Figures 2-4 Based on the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a specific implementation method, system, equipment and medium for real-time estimation of primary frequency control margin of hydropower units, in order to illustrate the technical means used in this method.

[0058] In this embodiment of the application, the above step S100, which involves real-time acquisition of hydraulic head and guide vane opening data, and calculation of the upper and lower adjustment margins of the guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data, includes:

[0059] Specifically, the hydraulic head and guide vane opening data are collected in real time, and the collected data are filtered and smoothed to eliminate the impact of instantaneous fluctuations on the frequency margin calculation results and improve the estimation accuracy.

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, calculating the upper and lower adjustment margins of the guide vane opening includes:

[0061] The current guide vane opening G is obtained in real time through an online measurement system. current ;

[0062] The minimum guide vane opening of the hydroelectric generator is set to G. min The maximum guide vane opening is G max The limiting boundary of the guide vane opening is obtained from the technical manual provided by the manufacturer.

[0063] The upward adjustment margin of the guide vane opening is the adjustment space from the current guide vane opening upwards to the maximum allowable opening: expressed by the formula: ΔG up =G max -G current The downward adjustment margin of the guide vane opening is the adjustment space from the current guide vane opening downwards to the minimum allowable opening, expressed by the formula: ΔG down =G current -G min .

[0064] It should be noted that step S100 above achieves millisecond-level monitoring of key operating parameters of the unit by collecting water head and guide vane opening data in real time and accurately calculating the upper and lower adjustment margins of the guide vane opening. This solves the problem of data acquisition lag in traditional methods and ensures that the input data required for subsequent calculations is real-time and accurate.

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, the above step S200, which combines the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power, includes the following sub-steps B1 to B3:

[0066] In B1: Obtain the first conversion curve;

[0067] Specifically, while maintaining a constant hydraulic head, the guide vane opening is gradually adjusted, and the corresponding active power output of the unit is recorded. The process is repeated under different hydraulic head conditions, and the ternary set data is recorded. The ternary set data is then filtered to remove outliers. By determining the percentage of active power output of the unit under different guide vane openings and heads, the processed ternary set data is transformed into a three-dimensional surface representing head-guide vane opening-output, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the first conversion curve can also be obtained based on theoretical modeling of unit design parameters and characteristic curves. The theoretical calculation model is established by using the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine and the efficiency curve of the generator, combined with the principles of fluid mechanics. The theoretical output value under different combinations of head and guide vane opening is generated by numerical simulation method, and then the conversion curve is formed after calibration with field measured data.

[0069] In another optional embodiment, the first conversion curve can also be obtained by using data mining methods. By collecting historical operating data of the unit and using machine learning algorithms to train the massive amount of operating data, a nonlinear mapping relationship model between head, opening degree and output can be established. This model can automatically learn the actual operating characteristics of the unit and is especially suitable for units with complex and variable operating conditions.

[0070] In B2: Combining the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve, calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power. The specific calculations include:

[0071] The upper and lower limits of the guide vane opening are determined based on the unit's technical parameters;

[0072] By acquiring the current hydraulic head and guide vane opening data through real-time monitoring, and combining them with the pre-established first conversion curve P=f(H,G), the power values ​​corresponding to the guide vane opening being increased to the upper limit and decreased to the lower limit are calculated respectively.

[0073] By comparing the power values ​​corresponding to the guide vane opening being increased to the upper limit and decreased to the lower limit with the current actual power value P, current This yields the upper and lower regulation margins of the current active power.

[0074] Specifically, the power calculation margin is shown in the following formula:

[0075] Upward adjustment margin of active power: ΔP up =f(H current G current +ΔG up )-P current

[0076] Downward adjustment margin of active power: ΔP down =P current -f(H current G current -ΔG down );

[0077] In B3: When calculating the upper and lower regulation margins of the current active power, the constraints on the frequency regulation capability of the hydropower unit must be considered, including the constraints on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit and the constraints on the permanent slip coefficient.

[0078] Specifically, the constraint on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit is that the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit program of the hydropower unit shall not exceed the first threshold.

[0079] Specifically, based on the constraint of the primary frequency modulation loop operation cycle, it is calculated that the resolution during head and guide vane opening measurement is not less than the fourth threshold; whereby, the primary frequency modulation loop operation cycle is the sum of the operation cycle time during head and guide vane opening measurement, the computer calculation time of the primary frequency modulation margin time, and the output to the display interface.

[0080] Specifically, the constraint on the permanent slip coefficient is that the permanent slip coefficient should not exceed the second threshold in the opening adjustment mode, and the permanent power difference coefficient should not exceed the third threshold in the power adjustment mode.

[0081] In this embodiment of the application, the first threshold is 40ms. The selection is mainly based on the explicit requirements of Section 7.1 of GB / T 40595-2021 "Technical Specifications and Test Guidelines for Primary Frequency Regulation of Grid-Connected Power Supply". This standard is based on the dynamic response characteristics of power system frequency control to ensure that the frequency regulation command can complete two sampling calculations within one power frequency cycle (20ms).

[0082] In the embodiments of this application, the second threshold is 4% and the third threshold is 3%. The selection of the second threshold and the third threshold corresponds to the permanent slip coefficient limit in the opening regulation mode and the power regulation mode, respectively. These values ​​are derived from the provisions of Section 7.3 of the same standard and are optimized parameters determined based on the regulation characteristics of hydropower units, the frequency stability requirements of the power grid, and years of engineering practice experience.

[0083] In this embodiment of the application, the fourth threshold is 25Hz. The sampling frequency requirement of the fourth threshold is obtained by converting the first threshold of 40ms into a sampling frequency (1 / 0.04s = 25Hz). At the same time, the Nyquist sampling theorem is taken into account to ensure that the key features of the unit's dynamic process can be accurately captured.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the constraints may further include constraints based on unit dynamic characteristic tests: by conducting step response tests and frequency disturbance tests, the dynamic response characteristics of the unit under different operating conditions are measured, including key parameters such as regulation rate and response delay time. A unit dynamic performance database is established based on the test results, and dynamic constraint thresholds are set for frequency regulation capabilities under different operating conditions.

[0085] In another optional embodiment, the constraints may also include constraints that take into account the real-time operating status of the power grid: by accessing the real-time monitoring system of the power grid, operating parameters such as the current system frequency deviation and regional control error are obtained, and the frequency regulation capability constraint value of the generating units is dynamically adjusted in combination with the frequency regulation requirements of the power grid. For example, when the system frequency deviation is large, the permanent slip coefficient limit can be appropriately relaxed to provide greater regulation capability; when the system is operating smoothly, standard constraint values ​​are used to ensure regulation accuracy.

[0086] It should be noted that step S200 above achieves real-time dynamic assessment of frequency regulation capability through a simplified mapping relationship. The calculation process is efficient and accurate, fully meeting the real-time requirements of power grid frequency regulation. Compared with traditional ex-post assessment methods, this step enables the prediction of the unit's potential frequency regulation capability, providing forward-looking data support for dispatching decisions.

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, step S300 above, which categorizes and displays the calculation results through a visual interface to classify and display the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units, thereby achieving real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units, includes:

[0088] The calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, categorizing and showing the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units. The calculation results can be used as input variables for the grid AGC control strategy to optimize the dynamic adjustment of regional control errors.

[0089] When the calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, they are grouped and sorted according to the capacity and response speed characteristics of different hydropower units, so that operators can quickly assess the frequency regulation capability. When the upward or downward adjustment margin of a certain unit is lower than the set value, it will be automatically highlighted in the graphical interface or table, and linked to the map and information panel to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention.

[0090] Specifically, this embodiment features a visual display interface for real-time classification and trend tracking of the current frequency control margin information of the hydropower unit. For example... Figure 4The diagram shown is a typical interface for displaying primary frequency control margin, which mainly includes the following functional blocks:

[0091] ① Unit Information Display Area: The left side of the page categorizes and displays different types of power sources, including conventional power sources, typical units, and hydropower units. Each type of power source lists key operating parameters, such as grid-connected installed capacity, current actual output, upward adjustment margin, and downward adjustment margin. The illustrations are presented intuitively in the form of graphic cards to enhance readability.

[0092] ② Regional schematic diagram and total adjustment capacity display: The distribution of frequency regulation capacity in different regions is shown in the form of a geographical map, and the current adjustable capacity of the region is marked, including the "total upward adjustment capacity" and the "total downward adjustment capacity", which makes it easier for dispatchers to grasp the overall picture of regional response capacity.

[0093] ③ Hydropower Unit Frequency Regulation Margin Table: The upper right corner displays a list of the frequency regulation capabilities of the hydropower units. The table lists the name of each unit, its current output, rated output, and its upward and downward regulation margins. It supports real-time updates and can be sorted or filtered as needed.

[0094] ④ Interactive and Highlighting Warning Functions: The system supports exporting data to Excel spreadsheets. In addition, the system supports setting adjustment margin threshold warning functions. When the upward or downward margin of a unit falls below the set value, it will be automatically highlighted in the graphical interface or table, and linked to the map and information panel to alert maintenance personnel.

[0095] It should be noted that step S300 above displays the calculation results intuitively through a visual interface, enabling real-time visual monitoring of frequency control margin information. This interface not only categorizes and presents the frequency control capabilities of each unit but also supports intelligent sorting by characteristics such as capacity and response speed, and includes an early warning function. This significantly improves the efficiency of operators' perception of the system's frequency control capabilities, making scheduling decisions more scientific and efficient, and effectively solving the problems of unintuitive information display and insufficient decision-making basis in traditional methods.

[0096] Example 3: This example provides a real-time estimation system for the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit, including:

[0097] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data on hydraulic measurement head and guide vane opening.

[0098] The first calculation module is used to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data.

[0099] The second calculation module is used to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power by combining the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve.

[0100] The visualization module is used to classify and display the calculation results through a visual interface, showing the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units in the system, so as to realize the real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units.

[0101] It should be noted that the technical solution of the real-time estimation system for the primary frequency control margin of the hydropower unit is based on the same concept as the technical solution of the real-time estimation method for the primary frequency control margin of the hydropower unit described above. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the real-time estimation system for the primary frequency control margin of the hydropower unit described above, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the real-time estimation method for the primary frequency control margin of the hydropower unit described above.

[0102] The above-mentioned unit modules can be embedded in the processor of the electronic device in hardware form or independent of it, or they can be stored in the memory of the electronic device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of the above modules.

[0103] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen, and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a method for real-time estimation of the primary frequency margin of a hydropower unit. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an e-ink display. The input device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad mounted on the device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0104] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method proposed in the above embodiments.

[0105] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment belongs to the same inventive concept as the method proposed in the above embodiments. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0106] Based on the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented using software and necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented using hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk, or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause an electronic device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0107] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of this application can be implemented using various computer languages.

[0109] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0110] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0111] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0112] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0113] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for real-time estimation of primary frequency control margin of hydropower units, characterized in that, include: Real-time data collection of hydraulic head and guide vane opening, and calculation of upper and lower adjustment margins of guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data; Based on the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve, calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power. The calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, categorizing and showing the upward and downward regulation margins of the grid-connected units, so as to achieve real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units.

2. The real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When calculating the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power, the constraints on the frequency regulation capability of the hydropower unit must be considered, including the constraints on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit and the constraints on the permanent slip coefficient. The constraint on the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit is that the operation cycle of the primary frequency regulation circuit program of the hydropower unit shall not exceed the first threshold. The constraint on the permanent slip coefficient is that the permanent slip coefficient does not exceed the second threshold in the opening adjustment mode, and the permanent power difference coefficient does not exceed the third threshold in the power adjustment mode.

3. The real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the constraint on the operation cycle of the primary frequency modulation loop, the resolution for measuring the head and guide vane opening is calculated to be no less than the fourth threshold. The primary frequency modulation loop operation cycle is the sum of the operating cycle time during head and guide vane opening measurement, the computer calculation time for the primary frequency modulation margin time, and the output time to the display interface.

4. The real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower adjustment margins for calculating the guide vane opening include: The current guide vane opening is obtained in real time through an online measurement system; The upper adjustment margin of the guide vane opening is the adjustment space from the current guide vane opening upwards to the maximum allowable opening; the lower adjustment margin of the guide vane opening is the adjustment space from the current guide vane opening downwards to the minimum allowable opening.

5. The real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The acquisition of the first conversion curve includes: Maintain a constant water head for hydraulic measurement, gradually adjust the guide vane opening, and record the corresponding active power output of the unit; Change to another hydraulic head measurement condition, repeat the above process and record the triplet data; By determining the percentage of active power output of the unit under different guide vane openings and different heads, the ternary data is transformed into a three-dimensional surface of head-guide vane opening-output.

6. The real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the upper and lower adjustment margins for the current active power includes: The upper and lower limits of the guide vane opening are determined based on the unit's technical parameters; By real-time monitoring, the current hydraulic head and guide vane opening data are obtained, and combined with the pre-established first conversion curve, the power values ​​corresponding to the guide vane opening being increased to the upper limit and decreased to the lower limit are calculated respectively. By comparing the power values ​​corresponding to the increase to the upper limit and decrease to the lower limit of the guide vane opening with the current actual power value, the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power are obtained.

7. The real-time estimation method for primary frequency regulation margin of hydropower units as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, classifying and showing the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units. The calculation results can be used as input variables for the grid AGC control strategy to optimize the dynamic adjustment of regional control errors. When the calculation results are displayed in a visual interface, they are grouped and sorted according to the capacity and response speed characteristics of different hydropower units. When the upward or downward adjustment margin of a certain unit is lower than the set value, it will be automatically highlighted in the graphical interface or table, and linked to the map and information panel to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention.

8. A real-time estimation system for the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit, employing the real-time estimation method for the primary frequency control margin of a hydropower unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data on hydraulic measurement head and guide vane opening. The first calculation module is used to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the guide vane opening based on the current guide vane opening data. The second calculation module is used to calculate the upper and lower adjustment margins of the current active power by combining the current guide vane opening margin and the first conversion curve. The visualization module is used to classify and display the calculation results through a visual interface, showing the upward and downward adjustment margins of the grid-connected units in the system, so as to realize the real-time estimation of the primary frequency regulation margin of the hydropower units.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: The memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, it implements the steps of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency control margin of hydropower units as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the real-time estimation method for primary frequency control margin of hydropower units as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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